Upload
douglas-randall
View
226
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
ITALYLAYERS OF HISTORY
THREE LAYERS
GREEK
ROMAN
MODERN
GREEK LAYER: 850-275 BCE
WE WILL BE HERE
Greeks needed farmland (grain) and timber (ships) for survival.
Southern Italy and Sicily had both! Needed harbors to export resources.
They settled as far north as there were harbors (Cumae)
GREEK COLONIZATION
GREEK SITES WE WILL SEE
CUMAE PAESTUM
Daedalus myth (Cumae) Neopolis (Naples) Agora: Greek Marketplace (Pompeii) Greek gods: Hera, Apollo (Paestum)
GREEK INFO
ROMAN LAYER: 850 BCE – 476 CE
WE WILL BE HERE
PLEASE NOTE: IN 850 BCE, WHEN THE GREEKS WERE COLONIZING, ROME WAS A TINY CITY STATE.
ROME 850 BCE
Rome needed harbors to expand. Natural harbors are in the South held by
the Greeks, remember? By a series of wars including fighting the
Greeks (Pyrrhic Wars), Rome controls the Italian peninsula 275 CE
By having harbors, Rome is now in direct competition with Carthage, the largest maritime power in the Mediterranean
The collision of the two powers takes place in Sicily.
ROMAN EXPANSION
ROMAN EXPANSIONCHECK OUT YELLOW AND LIGHT GREEN
Punic Wars with Carthage 264-146 BCE As a result of the Wars, Rome becomes
the dominant power in the Mediterranean.
Roman territory now includes most of the Mediterranean – an overnight empire!
ROMAN EXPANSION
ROMAN EXPANSIONCHECK OUT GRAY AND ORANGE
The Punic Wars deeply affected Roman social and political structure. It led to many famous civil wars (Marius, Caesar, Antony)
The result was that the Roman Republic fell and one man took over (Augustus).
The good news in all this was that Rome enjoyed almost 200 years of peace and prosperity (Pax Romana) and huge expansion
The eruption of Mt. Vesuvius fell in this period.
ROMAN EXPANSION
ROMAN SITES WE WILL SEE
HERCULANEUM
AQUA AUGUSTA ALEXANDER MOSAIC
POMPEII VILLA JOVIS - CAPRI
Roman gods Roman Naval Headquarters Roman aqueducts Roman Emperors (Tiberius) Roman Forum (marketplace) Roman libraries
ROMAN INFO
MODERN SITES WE WILL SEE
National Library
Cathedral of Naples
Castel Nuovo
Cathedral of Amalfi
NATURAL SITES WE WILL SEE
NATURAL SITES WE WILL SEE
SOLFITARA SORRENTO
NATURAL SITES WE WILL SEE
AMALFI COAST
HOME FOR 8 DAYS!