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Plurals
Learning Objectives:
Reading: To identify spelling rules when changing nouns from singular to plural
Writing: To apply spelling rules to improve sentences
Task: Create and comment on forum
Plurals
car becomes cars
pencil becomes pencils
Most plurals are formed by adding ‘s’
Nouns that end in a kind of hissing sound need ‘es’
fox = foxes
witch = witches
We say one glass but two glasses.
Nouns that end in -yIf a word ends in y with a consonant before it, change the y to
ies
A vowel is one of these:
a e i o uanything else is a
consonant
lady (consonant before y)
ladies (consonant before y)
If a word ends in y with a vowel before it, then just add –s.
monkey (vowel before y)
monkeys (vowel before
y)
Nouns that end in -y
Confused?
Watch out! Names that end in ‘y’ just add ‘s’ for the plural
We had lunch with the Murphys last week.
Is there a simple way to know the plural of a noun?
Only if you’re psychic.
The rest of us are stuck with having to rely on the dictionary.
Words that end in -y
city butterfly family donkey lady day puppy toy
Can you change these nouns into
plurals?
Nouns ending in f or fe
Some nouns ending in ‘f’ or ‘fe’ change to ‘v’ adding ‘es’
loaf = loaves elf =
elves
Remember that a few nouns ending ‘f’ do not follow this rule just
add ‘s’
knife = knives
two chiefs
one chief
Nouns ending in f or fe
Change these nouns into plurals
cliff wolf half leaf life
loaf thief wife dwarf chief
(you can use a dictionary if you wish)
Nouns ending in -o
... but there some odd ones out that you just need to remember
For words ending in a vowel plus –o add –s
Do I lookscared?
one piano = two pianos
One scared tomato and three killer tomatoes.
Nouns ending in -o
– tomato– potato– domino– stereo– cuckoo– hero
Change the following words into plurals:
Nouns with completely different plurals
Nouns with completely different plurals
Sharks
have really
big teeth!
Yum yum ..t
wo tasty men
tooth/teeth man/men
mouse/mice
goose/geese
These all change the vowel sound at
the end.
Miss Marks The Examiner
Mistakes to avoid ......
A lot to remember and the only way to learn it all is to take those rules one at time...
The exceptions are just as important. Don’t lose marks for bad spelling –
learn them!
Assessment criteria:Spell correctly words used most often in work, studies and
daily life (Ww/L1.1)Write short texts
composed for identifiable
audience. (Wt/E3.1)
Using PluralsTask 1Write your own message to the internet discussion forum, in which you give your own detailed views on the subject of using a mobile phone while driving – add some evidence (facts) to support your point.
Discussion 1
It really makes mad when I see people talking on their mobiles while driving. How can they possibly concentrate on driving while chatting? Surely they are more likely to have an accident if they are on the phone?
It’s illegal anyway! How dare they think their conversation is important enough to risk other people’s lives! Linda, Surrey
Discussion 2
Linda, it is no more dangerous than eating a snack, changing channels on the radio or chatting to your passengers. Is there any evidence that using a mobile phone while driving increases the chance of an accident?
Also, who has the right to tell me what to do in MY own car? John, London
Peer Assessment
Look back through the writing. Write a list of all the things you thought your partner did really well. Include things linked to the objectives, but also include things that were not.
Write a list of everything s/he did right. Give examples.