IUT Islamiat (HUM-0107) Lecture-2: Faith in Angels, Prophets & Messengers, Divine Scriptures and the Last Day

Islamic University of Technology

(IUT)

Islamiat (Hum 0107)

Islamic University of Technology

(IUT)

Lecture - 02

Outline: Islam as Deen (Classes: 6)

Meaning of Islam

Definition of Eemaan

The Basis of Eemaan

Eemaan in Allah

Eemaan in the Angels

Eemaan in the Prophets and Messengers

Eemaan in Divine Scriptures

Eemaan in the Day of Resurrection

Eemaan in Al-Qadaa’ Wal Qadar (Divine Preordainment

What invalidates Eemaan

Shirk & Kufr

The Basis of Eemaan

The Basis of Eemaan

It is that you believe in Allah and His angels

and His Books and His Messengers and in the

Last Day, and in fate (qadar), both in its good

and in its evil aspects.

The Basis of Eemaan

Eemaan in Allah





Eemaan in Al-Qadaa’ Wal Qadar (Divine

Preordainment



The Characteristics of Their Creation

The Number of Angels

Belief in the Angels

The Effect of Belief in the Angels on the Life of a Believer

Angels - The Characteristics of Their Creation

Allah SWT has told us very little about their creation

1. Their existence was before human:

When your Lord said to the angels, "I am putting a

successor on earth," they said, "Will You place someone

there who will cause corruption on it and shed blood,

while we glorify You with Your praise and extol Your

holiness?" [God] answered, "Surely, I know that which you

do not know." (Al baqara: 30)


1. Creatures of Light

a) No Physical body

b) Unlinke Human; don’t eat, drink, sleep

c) Pure of animal desires and sins

2. Ability to take human form and other forms

a) Remember the hadith of Jibreel

b) Prophet SM said that he had seen the angel Jibreel with six

hundred wings


3. Relationship with Allah

a) Pure worship, obedience and absolute submission

“They fear their Lord above them, and do what they are commanded.”

(An-Nahl: 50)

b) Incapable of anything without Him


3. Relationship with The Universe and Mankind

a) Charged with managing the affairs of the Universe and

watching over it

b) They execute Allah’s Divine Preordainment with his

Predestination for all creation

“And by those angels who arrange to do the Commands of their Lord.”

(An-Naaziat: 5)


3. Several kinds of Angels

a) For sun & moon, the planets, the mountains

b) The clouds and rain

c) The wombs

d) Death

e) Guard & supervise every mankind

f) Communicate His guidance to His messengers

“This surely is a revelation from the Lord of the Universe. The

Trustworthy Ruh (Jibreel) has brought it down upon your heart,

that you may be one of the warners.”

(Ash-Shu’araa: 192-194)


g) Accompany Man throughout his Life

“Satan threatens you with the prospect of poverty and commands you

to do foul deeds. But God promises His forgiveness and His

bounty. God is bountiful and all knowing.” (Al-Baqara: 268)

h) Encourage the believers to worship and obey Allah

i) Encourage the seekers of knowledge

j) Promise reward and warn against punishment

Angels – The Number of Angels

Vast number of Angels. Only Allah knows how many there

are.

“The sky had not a single peace of four fingers on which an

angel was no prostrating (in worship).” – Bukhari

“I asked Jibreel about Al-Bait al-Maamur and he said: Each day

seventy thousands angels pray in the house…” - Bukhari

Angels – Belief in The Angels

Obligation for every Muslim to believe in the angels;

Particularly in those whose names have been mentioned

in Qur’an-Sunnah

1. Jibreel (the angel in charge of reveleation

2. Mika’il (the angel in charge of rain)

3. Israfil (the angel in charge of blowing the trumpet on

the Day of resurrection)

4. Malik (keeper of the hell-fire)

They will cry, "Master, if only your Lord would put an end to us!"

But he [the angel] will answer, "No! You are here to stay.“

(Az-Zukhruf: 77)


Others:

1. Two angels entrusted with recording our deeds (one in

the right for good deeds, the other in the left for bad

deeds)

2. Two others to protect and guard the believer. Total:4

3. Angel of death (name not mentioned in Qur’an)

Say, "The Angel of Death who has been given charge of you will

gather in your souls. Then you will [all] be returned to your

Lord.“ (As-Sajadah-11)


4. Angels who carry the throne

5. Angels in charge of Fire – az Zabaaniyah

We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire.” (Al-

Muddathir-30)

6. Angels in charge of the Gardens of Paradise

Angels – Effect of Belief in the Angels on

the Life of a Believer

1. Allah has protected us against the myths and tales

believed by the unbelievers, who don’t have faith in the

unseen

2. When a believer feels in his heart the presence of those

angels, he avoids doing anything which displeases Allah

3. It strengthens the believer’s patience

Eemaan in the Prophets

and Messengers


The Prophets and Messengers mentioned in Qur’an

Subject of the messages

Our duty towards the Messengers

Faith in The Prophet Muhammad SM

Eemaan in the Prophets and Messengers - Prophets and Messengers mentioned in Qur’an

Believe in every prophet and messenger Allah has

named in Qur’an, and sent besides whose number and

names only He knows

Before your time We sent other messengers: of them there are

some whose story We have related to you, and some whose

story We have not related to you. (Al-Ghaafir-78)

Eemaan in the Prophets and Messengers - Prophets and Messengers mentioned in Qur’an

Names of Twenty Five prophets and messengers appear

in the Qur’an

Among them: Adam, Nooh, Idris, Salih, Ibrahim, Hud,

Lot, Ismail, Ishaaq, Yaqoob, Yousuf, Shuyaib, Musa,

Zakariya, Sulaiman, Eisa, Muhammad (SM)


- Subject of the messages

One fundamental purpose: To worship Him/ Tawheed in

His worship, lordship, names & attributes

We sent all messengers before you with this revelation: “None

has the right to be worshipped but I (Allah), so worship Me

(alone and none else)." (Al-Anbiya: 25)


- Our duty towards the Messengers

Believe in all of Allah’s Messengers

In the messages they communicated to mankind

Don’t distinguish between them by accepting some and

rejecting some

Every Messenger has delivered the message that Allah

has entrusted to him

Obey the Messengers completely



Believe that, among men:

They are the most perfect in knowledge and deed

Blessed with excellent attributes

Allah has guarded them against sins and misdeeds

Also that:

No non-human attributes are bestowed upon them

They ate, drank, walked in the markets, slept, laughed,

married, had children

They were subject to harm

They died, fell ill and so on…



Muhammad is only a messenger. Messengers have passed

away before him. If he should die, or be killed, will you turn

back on your heels? Those who turn on their heels do not

harm the Lord in the least. God will reward the grateful.

(Aali-Imraan: 144)

We never sent any messengers before you who did not eat

food and walk in the market-place. We make some of you a

means of trial for others, to see whether you are steadfast.

Your Lord is all seeing. (Al-Furqaan-20)



They do not enjoy any of the characteristics of Allah

No control over the universe

Do not possess any power of benefit or hurt

Do not have the knowledge of the unseen

Say, "I myself have no power to benefit or do harm, save as

God pleases. If I had knowledge of the unseen, I would have

availed myself of an abundance of good, and no harm would

have touched me. I am but a warner and a bearer of good

tidings for those who will believe." (Al-Aaraaf-188)


- Faith in The Prophet Muhammad SM

He is the prophet and messenger of Allah

He is the seal of the prophets

Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but is Allah's

Messenger and the seal of the Prophets. Allah has

knowledge of all things. (Al-Ahzaab: 40)

No prophethood following that of him

Any person claims is a liar

He is beloved by Allah at the highest


- Faith in The Prophet Muhammad SM

Allah SWT has provided him with Miracles

Excellent characteristics and morals throughout his life

And you are certainly on the most exalted standard of moral

excellence. (Al Qalam: 4)

Eemaan in the Divine

Scriptures

Eemaan in the Divine Scriptures

From the Qu’ran, we know names of some books,

though there are others, which we don’t know about

Those which Allah SWT had told us about:

Torah – revealed to Moses

Injeel/ Bibal – revealed to Jesus/ Eisa

Jaboor/ Psalms – revealed to David/ Dawud

Qur’an – revlealed to Muhammad SM

Scriptures revealed to Ibrahim and Musa


These books contained:

Message of Truth, Light and guidance

Tawheed of Allah

Anything incorporated in them which contradicts those

aspects has been added by man


Al-Qur’an

It verifies & supports the message contained in the previous

scriptures

Only divine scripture that Allah has undertaken to preserve

It is We who have sent down the Dhikr (Al-Quran) and We will, most

surely, safeguard it. (Al-Hijr: 9)

All others are lost/changed by man

Eemaan in the Day of

Resurrection


All that Allah SWT and Prophet SM has told us about

the afterlife

The grave

The records

The reckoning

The scale

The fount

The bridge (as-Sirat)

Interecession

Paradise

Hell-Fire


Al-Qur’an mentions about it in numerous occasions and

in many different styles

All those who believe in Allah and the Last Day and do good

deeds, will be rewarded by their Lord; they shall have no fear,

nor shall they grieve. (Al-Baqara: 62)


Al-Qur’an the Last Day on virtually every page

Allah calls the Last Day by many other names

The Resurrection

The Hour

The Last Day

Yawm ad-Din

Yawm al-Hisab (day of accounting)

Yawm an-Nushur (the Day of Rising)

Yawm al-Hashr and so on…


Benefits:

Ensure conformity and adherence to righteous conduct and

piety towards Allah

Conduct himself within the boundaries of Truth and

goodness

Man often forgets about it

He will gather you all together on the Day of Resurrection, there

is no doubt about it. Whose word can be truer than God's?

(An-Nisaa – 87)


Objections and answers:

What! When we are dead and reduced to mere dust, (shall we

be raised to life)? Such a return is far-fetched.” (Qaaf: 3)

They say, "There is nothing but our life in this world: we die, we

live, nothing but time destroys us." They have no knowledge

of this; they only follow conjecture. (Al-Jaathiya – 24)


Objections and answers:

He (Man) asks, "Who can give life back to bones after they

have rotted away?“Say, "He who brought them into being in

the first instance will give them life again: He has knowledge

of every type of creation: He who produces fire for you from

green trees and from this you kindle fire." Is He who created

the heavens and earth not able to create others like these

people? Of course He is! He is indeed the Supreme Creator,

the All Knowing. (Yaseen – 78-81)

Eemaan in the Day of Resurrection - Details

1. Fitna of grave and questioning by the two angels

(Munkar and Nakir)

3 Questions:

Who is your Lord?

What is your faith?

Who is your Prophet?


2. Torment and bliss in the grave (azaab and ni’mah)

Its actually at the state of al-Barzakh (life in the grave,

interspace between the life on the earth and the life in

the hereafter)


3. Signs of the Hour

The Hour will certainly come, and the timing is known

only to Allah

They ask you [Prophet] about the Last Hour, "When will it

come?" Say, "Knowledge about it rests only with my Lord;

He alone will reveal when its time will come, it lies heavy

on the heavens and the earth: it will suddenly overtake

you." They will put questions to you as though you had full

knowledge of it. Say, "Knowledge about it rests only with

God, though most people do not realize it.“

(Al- Araaf – 187)


3. Signs of the Hour

Minor Signs

Major Signs

The Sun Rising from The West

The Coming of the Beast out from the Earth

The Coming of Dajjal

The Descent of Eisa (PBUH)

The Appearance of Yajuj-Majuj


4. The Beginning of the Last Day

5. Resurrection – Ba’s

6. The Gathering - Hashr

7. The Recompense of Deeds – Jazaul A’mal

8. Presentation and Reckoning – Arz wal hisaab

9. The Fount - Hawdh

10. The Scale - Mizaan

11. The Bridge - Siraat

12. Paradise and Hell – Jannat wa Naar

Summary





Summary

Reference:

Naim YaSin, Muhammad, (1997), The Book of Eemaan,

London ,Al-Firdous Ltd.

-Yousuf Sultan

www.yousufsultan.com

Documents

IUT Islamiat (HUM-0107) Lecture-2: Faith in Angels, Prophets & Messengers, Divine Scriptures and the Last Day