JAA PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 1 Overview of JAA Safety Strategy Initiative NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25 Sep 2003 P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire

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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 1

Overview ofJAA Safety Strategy Initiative

NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25 Sep 2003

P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire JSSI CoordinatorJAA Regulation Division

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CONTENTS

• JAA overall objective• JSSI framework• JSSI update on results• Conclusion• Perspective

List of Abbreviations

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JAA OVERALL OBJECTIVE

The Joint Aviation Authorities aim at continuous improvement of their effective safety system leading to further reduction of the annual number of accidents and fatalities irrespective of the growth of air traffic

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

PURPOSESupport the JAA’s aim for safety by providing a focused Safety Agenda (Regulations, Research, training aids...) with deliverables

SCOPEConcentrate on Large Transport Aeroplanes operated in Commercial Air Transportation

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

KEY ELEMENTS

• Partnership with Authorities and Interested Parties

• Cooperation with other organisations

• Public Perception: open communication

• Implementation

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JSSI FRAMEWORK ORGANIZATION

CAST RS Steering Committee

Runway Safety WG

FAA JAA EUROCONTROL

JSSI Steering Group

Design Related WG

Occupant Safety & Survivability WG

Runway Safety Task Force

Occurrence Data Analysis Specs WG

Future Aviation Safety Team

Action Plan TeamCFIT, ALA, LOC

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JSSI FRAMEWORK JAA CONSULTATION PROCESS

JSSI working groups

JSSI Steering Group

Implementation Action Plans through member states’ NAA

JAA Sectorial Teams

Operations

CertificationMaintenance

LicensingRegulations

JAA Committee

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

APPROACH

Two complementary approaches are being used to develop the JSSI focused agenda:

• Historic approach, FAA/CAST leading

• Predictive approach, JAA/JSSI leading

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

HISTORIC APPROACH

• Identify focus areas

• Prioritise focus areas: fatalities

• Analyse representative accidents sample set to recommend interventions

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JSSI FRAMEWORK – HISTORIC APPROACH

FOCUS AREAS• Controlled Flight Into Terrain*)• Approach and Landing*)• Loss of Control*)• Design related• Weather*)• Occupant Safety and Survivability• Runway Safety*)

*) common with CAST

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

PREDICTIVE APPROACH• Why?

– Future may not be a direct extrapolation of the past: changes.– Many accidents are related to situations not envisaged by the

assumptions made when designing

• Focused Methodology– From Changes to Hazards (inherent and due to interactions)

to Interventions.

• Future Aviation Safety Team (FAST)

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JSSI update CFIT/ALA/LoC

• CFIT 8 Action Plans agreed• ALA 5 Action Plans agreed (mostly Ops related)• LoC 5 Action Plans agreed

1 Action Plan on hold

4 Action Plans drafted

(more design related, particularly Avionics)

All APs are based on those from CAST and adapted to European needs/context

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JSSI update CFIT Action Plans

AGREED

• TAWS implementation• ATC CFIT training• Precision-like approach implementation• Flight Crew training in CFIT prevention• Crew Resources Management training• Standard Operating Procedures• Minimum Safe Altitude Warning• Flight Data Monitoring

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JSSI update ALA Action Plans

AGREED

• Flight Crew Training• Flight Deck Equipment Upgrade/ Installation• Maintenance Procedures• Aircraft Design• Approach and Landing Safety Culture

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JSSI update CFIT/ALA

Schedule revised• TAWS actions basically done, ICAO CFIT Training

Tool on JAA website• status check Aug 2002: less covered than expected• consequences discussed. Action Plans were:

– re-prioritised at JSSI APT meeting, Nov 02– re-planned in close cooperation with Ops Division– finalized and approved by JSSI StG, May 03– presented for approval in OST meeting, May03,

aiming for JAAC approval end 2003

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JSSI update LoC Action Plans

DRAFTED• Advance Maneuver• HF & Automation• SOP• Operational procedures

ON HOLD• Risk management

AGREED• Flight Envelope Protection• Vertical Situation Displays• Auto-flight• Icing• Displays & Alerting systems

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JSSI update LoC Action Plans

SCHEDULE• Advance Maneuver, HF & Automation, SOP,

Operational proceduresto be agreed with the OST before adoption by JAAC

• Risk managementon hold pending discussions with FAA on CPS

• Flight envelope protection, Vertical Situation Displays, Auto-flight*), Icing*), Displays & Alerting systems*)should be adopted by the JAAC at its Oct03 meeting

*) rely on harmonization work: JAA NPA on Icing and Auto-flight prepared

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JSSI update DESIGN RELATED

LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS

Final report delivered Jan 2002, including:– One Terms of Reference for Harmonisation :

• Tyre/wheel burst– One proposal to further investigate

• Certification/ Maintenance Interface– One proposal to further investigate the concept of

“Deep Treatment of Anomalies/Precursors” *)

*) Follow-up within the Occurrence Data Analysis Specification working group

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JSSI update ODAS

Occurrence Data Analysis SpecsJSSI StG established ODAS working group

– Produce data users’ functional specifications document for ECCAIRS

– six tasks including initial specifications definition (e.g. Precursor Detection, Deep Treatment, Safety Performance Indicators)

– Authorities and Interested Parties participating including FAA, Boeing and Airbus

– Final report November 2003.

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JSSI update WEATHER

• Participating in CAST Joint Safety Analysis Team: start originally planned Sep02, put on hold pending conclusion of other team examining areas of risks not covered yet

• Result: re-named Risk Reduction Team, start Jan03 • JSSI representative Airbus is only European

participating (Dutch Nat’l Aerospace Lab withdrew)• Icing is one important element

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JSSI update OSS

LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS

Final report includes:– recommendation on Unruly passenger– recommendation on improving Quality of Cargo handling– 4 detailed recommendations on Crew training/drills,

Cabin Crew/Passenger communication, Effectiveness of seat belts, Seat/floor attachment

– ToR for Harmonisation: Holistic approach to evacuation – 3 Research proposals :

On-board load and balance system, Smoking in toilets, Framework for data exchange

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JSSI update OSS

• Draft report issued Sep 02

• Detailed recommendations presented to OST Sep 02, no adverse comments received so far

• Issue Final report initially planned Jan03, postponed, currently being re-planned

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JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY

Joint Task Force of JAA, EUROCONTROL,

ICAO-Europe and GASR:– Established 2001– Published Safety letter– Gathered data

• Anonymous Questionnaires to pilots and ATCOs• Interviews: selected airports and airlines• Data Banks from States and Service Providers

– Start selecting areas needing improvement

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RS Task Force findings for Europe:

– Runway Incursion every 3 or 4 days– Near-collision due to RI every 2 or 3 months

RUNWAY INCURSION IS A MAJOR ISSUE

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RS TASK FORCE FOLLOW-UP ACTION

• Drafted strategic plan• Proposed areas for improvement• Made initial recommendations:

– Awareness RS general– Data Collection & Analysis– Communications (RT phraseology, Language proficiency)– Procedures (ATC, Pilots, Drivers)– Visual Aids, Signs & Markings (ICAO Annex 14)– Situational Awareness– Maps & Charts

• Held RS Workshop, EUROCONTROL, Brussels, Sep02

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Conclusion of RS Workshop 9-10 Sep 2002

Start key remedial actions• Set up RS programme at aerodrome level• Pursue European co-operation• Further develop TF/Workshop recommendations• Stop Task Force, set up Working Group with

Steering Committee to monitor/steer implementation

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RS Working Group• Established Sep 2002• Drafted Terms of References of WG and StC• Proposed StC membership: directors level JAA, GASR,

EUROCONTROL, ICAO, IATA, ACI, IFATCA, IFALPA, a.o.

• Selected Runway Incursions as first priority• Drafted recommendations, developed into an

Action Plan, issued Apr 2003:

European Action Plan forthe Prevention of Runway Incursions

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European Action Plan forthe Prevention of Runway Incursions

• Reviewed by RS Steering Committee in Feb 2003, submitted to associated bodies for endorsement

• Endorsed:- Fully by EUROCONTROL- With caveat by GASR- Technically by JAA, awaiting JAAC formalization

• On EUROCONTROL websitewww.eurocontrol.int/safety/runwayincursion.htm

• Printed hardcopies since May 2003

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JSSI update Future Aviation Safety Team

• PHASE I, Oct 1999 - Sep 2000– Methodology established– 157 AoC affecting the Aviation System identified

• PHASE II, Sep 2000 - Jul 2001– Top 20 Areas of Change selected using AHP method

– Focus top 2 : Flight Deck Automation

New concepts for Airspace Management

• PHASE III, Oct 2001 - Jan 2003

– Focused Analysis of FDA

Outputs: Safety considerations for future FDA

Validation of FAST

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JSSI update FAST

Crew reliance on Flight Deck Automation

• 6 topics analysed, selected from top 23 by voting, looking at current or future hazards:

– Situational Awareness Displays– FMS– CRM– Navigation Using Terrain Recognition– Fully Automated Flight– CNS/ATM free flight

• 34 interactions selected out of 157 by voting

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JSSI update FAST

REPORT ON PHASE III Final draft presented at JSSI StG meeting, Jan03 Final version presented in JSSI StG meeting May03

aiming for its approval in 23Sep03 meeting Including:

- vision of future automation

- list of principal automation hazards

- recommendations & follow-up

- future work

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JSSI CONCLUSION

• Structured activity to define focused safety agenda• Full coordination with CAST, Eurocontrol, ICAO, FSF• JSSI in JAA Business Plan• Resources are scarce, necessitating prioritisation of

JSSI outputs• Progress 2003

– OST better involved– ALAR/CFITR planning & priority repaired– FAST report timely available for EASA– Runway Safety initiative gained momentum– ODAS WG on track, result available before start ECCAIRS– Started drafting JSSI inventory for EASA, available end

2003

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JSSI PERSPECTIVE

• Future Work Programme being developed• No formal guarantee EASA adopting JSSI, so far;

agreed to continue until further notice.• EASA, starting 28 Sep 2003, expected to be ready

for discussion not earlier than end 2003• By then much JSSI output available as supporting

evidence of necessity to continue Safety Strategy Initiative under EASA

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JSSI AbbreviationsCAST Commercial Aviation Safety TeamFAST Future Aviation Safety TeamAHP Analytical Hierarchy ProcessFSF Flight Safety Foundation CPS Commercial Airplane Certification Process Study

AoC Area of Change (in the Aviation System)APT Action Plan TeamGASR Group of Airport Safety RegulatorsNPA Notice of Proposed AmendmentEAPPRI European Action Plan for the Prevention of

Runway IncursionsECCAIRS European Coordination Centre for Accident & Incident Reporting System

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JSSI AbbreviationsJAAC JAA CommitteeOST Operations Sectorial Team (JAA)FMS Flight Management SystemToR Terms of Reference (= Charter)ATC Air Traffic ControlATCO Air Traffic ControllerCNS/ATM Communications, Navigation,

Surveillance/ Air Traffic ManagementODAS Occurrence Data Reporting SpecificationLoC Loss of ControlALA Approach and LandingCFIT Controlled Flight Into TerrainOSS Occupant Safety & Survivability

Documents

JAA PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 1 Overview of JAA Safety Strategy Initiative NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25 Sep 2003 P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire