JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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Development of Non-Scaling FFAG : EMMA & PAMELA

Takeichiro Yokoi J. Adams Institute Oxford University

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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Introduction

FFAG(Fixed Field Alternating Gradient) accelerator has an ability of rapid beam acceleration with large acceptance. It has large variety of applications from practical use like medical application to fundamental science like beam handling of secondary particles.CONFORM(Construction of a Nonscaling FFAG for Oncology, Research and Medicine) aims to develop the Non-scaling FFAG as a versatile accelerator

(Project HP: www.conform.ac.uk)

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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Non-Scaling FFAG & Scaling FFAG

Both have large acceptance and ability of fast acceleration

Scaling FFAG Similar orbit shape Large beam excursion Stable betatron tune Combined function(Brk)

Non-Scaling FFAG Non-similar orbit shape Small beam excursion (small path length variation) Large tune change Separated function

/cell

/cel

l

Already Constructed

PoP FFAG(KEK)

It has never been built

EMMA

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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CONFORM: Project Overview

3.5 yeas project(Apr. 2007~) with total funds £6.9m3 parts to the project are funded

(1) EMMA design and construction (2) PAMELA design study (3) Application study

International Collaboration (UK, EU, US, Canada etc)

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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EMMAEMMA(Electron Model for Many Application) aims to design and construct a 20MeV electron Non-scaling FFAG It is a study machine as a prototype of NS-FFAG and also designed as a scale-down model of muon accelerator for neutrino factoryResearch items are . . .

(1) Research of beam dynamics of NS-FFAG (2) Demonstration of NS-FFAG as a practical accelerator

(3) Demonstration of fast acceleration with fixed frequency RF

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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Kinetic Energy(MeV)

TO

F/tu

rn(n

s)

10MeV

20MeV

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Acceleration in NS-FFAGResonance is a coherent effect

Fast acceleration can circumvent the problem Resonance crossing acceleration

Small variation of path length of NS-FFAG make it possible to adopt fixed frequency RF for relativistic particle Fast asynchronous acceleration * In EMMA, Acceleration completes within 10turns

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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EMMA layout

ERLP

*ERLP is used as an injector

Number of Cell 42 (doublet Q) Circumference 16.57m

Injection energy 10~20MeV(variable)

Extraction energy

10~20MeV(variable)

RF 1.3GHz

Acceptance 3mm(normalized)

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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EMMA: Schedule and Status

Lattice is fixed Component designs are ongoingTest magnet has been ordered

(Field measurement: this September)

Design : to be completed by Jan 08Construction : to be completed by Jul 09

+ 1Year of beam study

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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PAMELAParticle therapy has advantages in cancer therapy compared to X-ray therapy due to good dose concentration and better biological effect(especially HI therapy). As an accelerator for particle therapy, the advantage of FFAG is higher intensity compared to ordinary synchrotron, flexible machine operation compared to cyclotron, and simultaneous(multi-port) beam extraction PAMELA(Particle Accelerator for Medical Application) aims to design particle therapy accelerator facility for proton and carbon using NS-FFAGIt also aims to design a smaller machine for biological study as a prototype.

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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From EMMA to PAMELA Main difference with EMMA is accelerated particle: Proton, HI(non-relativistic)

Common items are …… (1) Beam dynamics of NS-FFAG lattice (2) Design procedure(design scheme, reliability of modeling) (3) Beam diagnostics

•Characteristic issues for PAMELA are …. (1) Resonance crossing in slower acceleration (2) Extraction (3) Lattice design (ex tune-stabilized lattice)

JAI-Diamond Joint Seminar 07/06/2007

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Summary

NS-FFAG is a novel accelerator and will open up new fields in accelerator science and its applicationCOMFORM is to be engaged in two developments, EMMA(electron) and PAMELA(proton,HI)

Results will come within 4 years

Anyway, Welcome to the world of FFAG