Jan. 23, 2014: California Air Resources Board staff presentation, Air Quality Progress

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Report to the Board

January 23, 2014

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Air quality standards

Recent high particulate levels

Regional progress

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Air quality standards Recent high particulate levels

Regional progress

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Clean Air Act requires U.S. EPA to set andreview air quality standards every five years

Standards are based on health science

Advancements in understanding health impactshave led to more stringent standards over time

Ozone strongly linked to respiratory effects:asthma exacerbation, reduced lung function,

and hospitalization

PM2.5 linked to mortality and hospitalizationfor cardiovascular diseases

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Standards allow several exceedances Compliance based on calculated value

derived from peak concentrations

This is known as the design value Design value reflects three-year average to

reduce yearly variability

Design values for all sites in a region mustmeet standard

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Designed to assessstatewide, regional,and local air quality

Rigorous data

quality procedures Determine regional

status regardingstandards

Multiple pollutantsmonitored at sites

More than 250 sites

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Federal Ozone StandardsCLEANER AIR / MORE PROTECTIVE1979)1-hour0.12 ppm

1997)8-hour0.08 ppm2008)8-hour0.075 ppm


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Federal PM2.5 StandardsCLEANER AIR / MORE PROTECTIVE1997)24-hour

65 g/m31997)Annual15 g/m3

2006)24-hour35 g/m32012)Annual12 g/m3


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Area 1979)1-Hour0.12 ppm1997)8-Hour0.08 ppm

2008)8-Hour0.075 ppmSouth Coast

San Joaquin ValleySacramento

Desert Areas

San Diego

Ventura

Bay Area

Other areas

= currently meets the standard9


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Area 1997)24-Hour65 g/m31997)Annual15 g/m3

2006)24-Hour35 g/m32012)Annual12 g/m3

South Coast San Joaquin Valley Imperial County Sacramento Bay Area Other Areas

= currently meets the standard

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Recent high particulate levels Regional progress

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Widespread elevated PM2.5 levels occurredthroughout the State this winter

Resulted in large number of air advisories

Highest values occurred in San Joaquin Valley


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Very conducive to PM2.5 buildup

Cold temperatures and warm afternoonswith limited vertical mixing

Calm winds and few low pressure systems Drought emergency due to record low

rainfall


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Staff is completing review of recent data

Expect calculated design values to increase

Impacts on attainment status can then bedetermined


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Factors that affect air quality

Regional progress

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Many different indicators can be used toassess progress

Legal definition of attainment is based onregional monitor with highest design value

Changes in spatial extent and frequency ofhigh pollution events highlight other aspectsof progress

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Ozone Design values show uniform progress across all

areas over last decade

Even greater progress in reducing number of high

ozone days

PM2.5 Progress is variable, but both annual and

24-hour concentrations have declined Few sites now exceed the 15mg/m3annual

average standard

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0.060.070.080.090.1

0.11

0.120.130.140.15

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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AagDgVupm

Year

0.08 ppm Standard

0.075 ppm Standard

South CoastSan Joaquin

Sacramento

Bay AreaSan Diego


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10

15

20

25

30

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

AnnualAverageDesignValue,g/m3

Year

15 g/m3Standard

12 g/m3Standard

South Coast

San Joaquin


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South Coast making continuing progresstowards 2023 attainment

Frequency of exposures improving, with 21%

fewer exceedance days since 2003

Coastal portion meets both 8-hour ozonestandards

Significant reductions in NOx and VOCs stillneeded to achieve 2023 attainment as well asmore stringent 2032 deadline

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2003

2013

Design Value

ppm


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Since 2002, annual average design value hasdecreased almost one-half to 15.6 mg/m3

As of 2012, only one site now exceeds the

15 mg/m3annual and 35 mg/m324-hourstandards

Still evaluating 2013 data

Area has 2014 attainment date for bothstandards

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San Joaquin Valley shows continued progresstowards 2023 attainment

Frequency of exposure improving, with 35%

fewer exceedance days since 2003

Portions of the Valley meet both 8-hour ozonestandards

Further reductions in NOx still needed toachieve 2023 attainment as well as morestringent 2032 deadline

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2003 2013

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Design Value

ppm


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Since 2002, annual average design value hasdecreased almost one-third to 16 mg/m3

Portions of the central and southern Valley

remain above the standard

Area has 2014 attainment date for annualstandard and 2019 attainment date for

24-hour standard

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Classified Severe with 2027 attainmentdeadline for 0.075 ppm 8-hour ozonestandard

Over last three years averaged 35 days above

the 0.075 ppm 8-hour standard

Only one site remains above the 0.08 ppm8-hour ozone standard

Sacramento meets all other federal standardsfor ozone and particulate matter

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Classified Marginal for the 0.075 ppm 8-hourozone standard with near-term attainmentdeadline

Only one site still above this standard

San Diego meets all other federal standards forozone and particulate matter

Still violates state standards

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Meets all federal standards for ozone andparticulate matter

Still has violations of state standards

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Air quality continues to improve statewide

Over 68% of Californians live in communitiesthat meet federal standards

Even within remaining communities, levels

and numbers of exceedance days aredeclining

Our multi-pollutant strategy of NOx, VOCand PM2.5 controls is providing continuing

benefits for ozone and PM2.5

Significant further emission reductions will beneeded to meet ozone standards

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Documents

Jan. 23, 2014: California Air Resources Board staff presentation, Air Quality Progress