January 2009 Scrub Jay Newsletter Audubon of Martin County

8/9/2019 January 2009 Scrub Jay Newsletter Audubon of Martin County

1/4

8

THANK YOUTO OUR GENEROUS SPONSORS

OF THE TURKEY EGG HUNT

Non-profit

Organization

U.S. Postage Paid

Permit #57

Stuart FL 34995

Audubon ofMartin County

621 SE Palm Beach Road, Stuart FL 34994

Florida Scrub-Jay Art Logo

By Brian Sylvester

Office hours are generally 10 am2pm

Monday through Friday.

Please call ahead at 772.288.2637

Fred Taylor at Harbour Bay Plaza, Brown Brothers

Consulting, Hinckley Marine, Ta muchissmo, Hale

Groves in Vero Beach, Rotelli Pasta on Lost River

Road & West of Ole England on Monterey Rd.

Welcome New Members! *

Dan and Sue Roberts

Fran and Greg Stewart

*We know we have more new members, but

National Audubon is just catching up on their

new membership database.

Condolences

toLaura Spring and the family of

Ed Spring

long time supporter of

Audubon and its properties

Mark Your Calenda

January 20094 Christmas Bird CountContact

561-746-729315 Program Meeting, "Ospreys of th

River Lagoon with Bob Montana17 Field trip-Pelican Island NWR-Bo

(Meet at 7:00 am.)20 CraneWatch Orientation Mtg.10a

fice31 Special Event Field trip-Adam

Meet at K of C @ 7:00 am.Usual Fee. Reservations Req

February 200913 Advanced Birding 5 session Bird ID

Contact AoMC to sign up19 Program Meeting Natural History

Equador with Rudy Gelis.

21 Field TripGreen Cay and WakoWetlands in PBC. Meet at Knight6:30 a.m.

March 200914 Growth Management Forum19 Program Meeting, Rt 714 Scenic 21 Field TripRt 714 Scenic Highw

Allapattah Flats. Meet @ Knightsat 7:30 a.m.

27-29 (Fri-Sun) Audubon Academy

Program Meeting: Thursday, January 15

Our guest presenter will be Bob Montanaro of Pelican Island AudubonSociety. Bob will present on Ospreys of the Indian River Lagoon.Learn about their trials and tribulations as they raise their families up anddown the IRL. His knowledge of these great birds, their habits and livesenhance his photographic record of these great hunters.

Spend an enjoyable lunch time learning about Ospreys and enjoying gor-geous photos of the natural environment. Bob will be our leader for theJanuary 17 Field trip as well.

NEW Meeting Location:

The meeting room at the Martin County Extension Office at 2614 SEDixie Highway. Yes, during the day. Hospitality-11:00 a.m., Program-11:30 a.m. (bring a bag lunch). Look for our sandwich board sign on

Dixie Highway.

TWO Field Trips this month:

January 17 - Saturday, Pelican Island NWR.: Carpool toIndian River County and Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge. BobMontanaro will meet us and be our guide to the refuge with an up-closeand personal view of plants and animals of the refuge. Visit our first na-tional wildlife refuge and learn its history; from its first warden (PaulKroegel) who protected the rookery with a shotgun, to today's continuingrecovery. Bring a packed lunch.

January 31 - Saturday, ADAMS RANCHJoin us for a very special and interesting trip to one of Florida's oldest con-

tinually working cattle ranches established in 1937. Visit the lands that

demonstrate multiple use management for cattle and native wildlife spe-

cies. In 1994 Florida Audubon made a Special Commendation recognition

to Alto Bud Adamss for his successful efforts in preserving and pro-

moting native wildlife habitat on ranchlands in Florida. Experience the

Real Florida as you are escorted by bus through this great Florida ranch

and natural area. See for yourself the success of commercial farming and

land stewardship. RESERVATIONS REQUIRED!

Bring a pack lunchwe will eat lunch there under the oak trees!

** Meet at the Knights of Columbus on Kanner Highwayat 7:00 AM fo r both field trips

audubonmartincounty.org 772-288-2637

January 2009

A timefor NewBeginnings


2/4

2

Board Members 2008-2009Executive Director Greg Braun

561-575-2028

OTHER IMPORTANT COMMITTEE CHAIRS

AUDUBON HOUSE DOCENTS

Clare-Rue Morgan, George Mirka, Beverly Poppke,

Ed Fisher, Carol Coyne

Open board seats:

Contact Laurie Odlum or Greg Braun

A copy of the official registration and financial information may beobtained from the division of Consumer Services toll-free within Florida

800.435.7352. Registration does not imply endorsement,

approval, or recommendation by the state.

The Scrub Jay is published seven times a year on

recycled content paper with soy-based ink.

Message from our President~~~ Laurie Odlum

Winter in Florida brings us locals many things:1) snow birds of the 2-legged variety who fillour roads, airports, hotels and beaches and 2)true snow birds of the feathered variety who fillour backyards & feeders, as well as our skiesand beaches. We welcome all of you.

I hope the 2-legged SBs will enjoy the beautyof brightly colored feathers and t he melodioussong of the feathered SBs as much as we do.

There are many areas in Martin County thatprovide food and shelter for the great migrating flocks before they jump

off to destinations in the Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea orSouth America. You can make your yard a welcoming oasis for theseoft energy deprived flyers too. As we fuel our vehicles before our longjourneys, so must the birds; the birds however, must cross vast distancesof open water in one great effort between meals. We stop every so oftento fuel up. They cant. It i s the responsibility of anyone who ownsproperty in the state to provide energy laden sources of food for thesebirds. We have destroyed the native vegetation to build our homes andthen planted SOD! It is now time to have less sod and more shrubs andtrees that provide seeds, host bugs and provide shelter for the birds we owe it to them.

You win in no less than 2 ways. Once established the shrubs, grassesand trees require much less maintenance (expense, mowing and fertil-izer) than sod and you receive the company of friendly and moving en-tertainment in your yard. You can select native or non-native plant va-rieties; the important part is that they provide FOOD or SHELTER forthe birds. If you have a favorite species, do your homework and providefood sources that will draw them to your yard. No, Robins dont eat

worms from the lawn here in Florida during the winter; they eat berrieswhich provide energy to fly not the protein to grow chicks. Dont forgetthe water and perhaps a cut up orange or banana!

Join us on our two special field tri ps this month to specially selecteddestinations that show off the variety of habitats and birds that come tovisit on their way to and from their wintering grounds; both are greatyear round destinations too.

Come by our Possum Long Nature Center and see how far we havecome in restoration efforts and check out our Hummingbird and Butter-fly Garden for examples of what works to make your garden come alive.If you have a few extra hours we could use you to help maintain thisurban forest.

And to the 2-legged snowbirds, go work in the yard, good to seeyou again!

President Laurie Odlum 772-486-2837

Vice-Pres Volunteer Needed

Treasurer Bob Gordon 772-546-2206

Secretary, Recording Joan Bausch 772-219-8285

Conservation Bob Matheson 772-283-5999

Education Volunteer Needed

Field Trips Beverly Poppke 772-286-0061

Resource Development Doug Warns 772-462-3751

Membership Curt Wood 772-546-5435

Programs Ed Fielding 772-288-2622

Properties Jim Kearman 772-708-0677

Public Relations Tom McNicholas 772-219-1719

Nature Center Susan Smyth 772-692-3489

Newsletter Editor Lisa Fiore 772-528-9707

Wildlife Center Dan Martinelli 772-286-6200

Water Resources Patrick Hayes 561-747-6397

Youth Liaison Jessie Green 772-283-3024

Garden Club Liaison Louise White 772-283-4416

IRL & Speakers Bureau Bill Hudspeth 561-667-5123

Eaglewatch Liaison Clare-Rue Morgan 772-286-9833

Librarian Bev Poppke 772-286-0061

Cranewatch Coordinator Pam Hopkins 772-408-6153

Cranewatch Co-coordinator Carol Spinney 772-545-7987

Jaywatch Coordinator Pam Hopkins 772-408-6158

Jaywatch Co-coordinator Clare-Rue Morgan 772-286-9833

Christmas Bird Count Liz Hailman 561-746-7293

Webmaster Ed Fisher [email protected]

Contact your U.S. Senators in Washington DC

at the following numbers:

Senator Mel Martinez: 202.224.3051

Senator Bill Nelson: 202.224.5274

You can invite wildlife to your yard if you plant treesand shrubs that produce the food and cover they need.

Food can be in the form of bugs on the plant or grubs in

the lawn; don't forget the seed and nectar producing plants as well.

Go to www.floridayards.org for an interactive guide to S Florida

plants. Not all plants are listed on this sitejust a place to

start your research.

Help Wanted

Are you concerned about Sea

and its effect on Florida? Leaat the same time by becoming Change activista volunteer wAudubon of Martin Countys

son on climate change.

2nd Annual

Photography Cont

All entries will be judged on howpress the natural environment of Floa $5 fee for each entry into thePhotography Contest. There isa $5 fee for each entry into thePhotography Contest. All

entries should be works com-

pleted from January 1, 2008through March 1, 2009.

Awards will not be given in anycategory that has less than 4 entriescategories include: A) Flora, B) Faun

- Really Close up, and D) General LaFor a Complete Set of Rules and

to www.audubonmartincounty.orgorthe AoMC office at 772-288-2637 toof rules and entry forms. For specontact Laurie Odlum, AoMC Presidto [email protected] Photo Conte

EagleWatch

Our thanks to everyone who attended our EagleWatch orientation ses-sion; a special guest Sparky the Bald Eagle was guest of honor who vis-ited compliments of the Busch Wildlife Sanctuary. The Bald Eagle nest-ing season seems to be off to a good start, and were happy to have severalnew members who are eagerly checking on their nests. Along the Treas-ure Coast, most eaglets hatch in December and January, so hopefully wellsoon be getting reports of hungry eaglets at the nests we monitor. If youare interested in joining one of our EagleWatch teams, contact Clare-RueMorgan at 772-286-9833. We regret to have heard that the Tesoro Eagle-cam that was so widely viewed during 2008 will not be operational this

year.

AoMC has renewed our permits that allow us to salvage deceased birdsthat are potentially of value in our educational programs. We recently de-livered several specimens to our Port St. Lucie based taxidermist, and werelooking for donations to cover the costs. Our thanks to Sheila Williams forunder-writing the cost of what we believe to be a Bicknells Thrush, a spe-cies not previously documented to occur in Martin County.

If you are able to help, we are looking for sponsors to underwrite thecosts of preserving a Great Egret, a Ring-necked Duck, a Red-eyed Vireo, aYellow-rumped Warbler, a Common Yellowthroat and a Rough-wingedSwallow. Costs range from $75 to $125 per specimen. P lease send yourtax-deductible donation to AoMC, with the notation Taxidermy Fund.Our stuffed birds go to schools and outreach programs to let everyone get abetter look at the detail and unique characteristics of birds.

On Friday, February 13, 2009, AoMCs Executive Director, Greg Braun,5-part Advanced Bird ID Course that will be on held on consecutive Fridabirding skills such as birding by ear, birding by habitat and right-bird righintegrated into the classic Bird ID by sight content. You will learn howeasily eliminate certain species which allows you to hone in on what is reall

With favorable reviews from last years Advanced Birding Course, which included learning about, and sightings (formerly Everglades Kite), Swallow-tailed Kites, and Bald Eagles, AoMC will include field trips and programs at seving hot spots. At this writing, details are still being refined, but likely venues include The Savannas, Florida OceanogScience Center, Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge, the Loxahatchee River Center and Lake Okeechobee. Each oconsist of: 1) a + 1-2 hour morning bird-walk at the host site; 2) a + 2-hour classroom session and 3) a field excursiohot-spot.

The cost for all five sessions is $65 per person ($55 for Audubon members). Seating is limited so call to sign up NAudubon office (772)-288-2637 for more information. Send your registration check to AoMC to reserve your seat. B

guide, binoculars and a pack lunch to all sessions.

Taxidermy Fund

Sign UP NOW! Advanced Bird ID Course
http://www.audubonmartincounty.org/http://www.audubonmartincounty.org/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.audubonmartincounty.org/


3/4

6

Conservation Corner

Can Scrub-jays survive on the Tr easure Coast?The answer is only if we do a better job of protecting them.

At AoMC, weve stepped up our advocacy on behalf ofScrub-jays as we get moreand more information abouthow bleak their prospectsare. Unfortunately some ofour surveys suggest thatsome jay families are downto a single individual that ishanging on in spite of a myr-

iad of challenges. Our thanks goes out to Rob Rossmanith andother employees of the Florida Park Service, as it increasinglyappears that the habitat at Jonathan Dickinson State Park, Sea-branch Preserve and the Savannas are going to be the best hope

we have for long-term strongholds of suitable Scrub-jay habitat.AoMC has agreed to give a presentation to the Martin County

Commission on Feb 10 th regarding the status of our local popu-lation of Scrub-jays.

We encourage our members to attend the meeting in a showof support for our chapters namesake.

Its Osprey Nesting Season

Winter-time is also nesting seasonfor ospreys, and this year were hop-ing to add a new family at the nestsite near Azalea St in t he northernpart of Martin County. Some of youwill remember the great work doneby Dan and Sue Roberts, Captain

Phill Sherman, Barbara Milner andthe many donors who contributed tothe spring 2008 effort to build andinstall a new nesting platform toreplace a previously-used nest in a

now dead and rotting pine tree.The platform can be seen when looking south from the western end of Azalea

St (off Britt Rd west of US1).

Land Stewardship Work Days

Were gearing up to expand ourproperty management work days, so ifyouve got some time and energy tohelp us improve environmental condi-tions on lands owned by AoMC,please give us a call.

In addition to our widely-visitedPossum Long property, we own hun-dreds of acres of lands on tracts of

varying size.The schedule of work days, includ-

ing locations and times is posted onour web siteaudubonmartin-

county.org.

Prior to the turn of the century, people engaged in a holidaytradition known as the Christmas "Side Hunt": They wouldchoose sides and go afield with their guns; whoever brought inthe biggest pile of feathered (and furred) quarry won. ...

During that time, there was a fascinating, wonderful gentlemannamed Frank Chapman, who was an ornithologist at the Ameri-can Museum of Natural History and editor of whatwas basically his own magazine,Bird-Lore. He real-ized there was overhunting, really excess hunting ofresources, especially birds, and he thought it wouldbe a great idea to propose an alternative activity toover-hunting during the holiday season and ratherthan going out and shooting birds during the holidayseason, to actually go out and count them. That washow the Christmas Bird Census came about.

The millinery trade was thriving and birds werebeing harvested all over the place by literally tens ofthousands at a time. This is the way that a lot of colo-nial waterbirds ended up in peoples hats. Buddingconservationists during this time were realizing thatthere were real problems and birds were in decline.

This is what begat the various different Audubon societies thattook the name from John James Audubon, who really began theway we perceive bird artwork and natural history artwork now.In the fall issue ofBird-Lore in 1900, Frank Chapman proposed

what was then called a Christmas Bird Census rather than aChristmas Bird Count. Literally every year now for a hundred

and seven years during the holidays people havebeen out counting birds during the ChristmasCount season.

The methodology has evolved a little bit, butbasically the number of participants has skyrock-eted as you might guess. There were twenty-seven people for the first season. All of thosecounts were done on Christmas Day, by the way,with good representation all the way across thecontinent, including in Canada, during that firstseason.Excerpts from paper present by Geoff LeBaron,

Director, Christmas Bird Count, National Audu-bon Society on June 20-23, 2007 to Citizens Sci-ence Toolkit Conference.

A Short History of the Christmas Bird Count

Those original 27 Christmas BirdCounters tallied a total of 90 specieson all the counts combined.

Photo by Phill Sherman

Become an Audubon of MartSponsor

Yes! I want to be an AoMCYour tax deductible contribution will

our programs, projects and conservati

Name

Select your sponsorship level:O Scrub Jay

O Bald Eagle

O Osprey

O Wood Stork

O Roseate Spoonbill

O Great Blue Heron

O Other

Enclose your donation with this form

Audubon of Martin Cou

Attn. Treasurer

621 SE Palm Beach Road, Stuar

In addition to the basic membership,you can become an AoMC sponsor.Sponsorship provides funding for pro-grams, projects, field trips andAoMCs important conservation work.

$ 50 Great Blue HeronSpecial recognition in the Scrub Jay and

a certificate of appreciation.

$ 100 Roseate SpoonbillRecognition in each Scrub Jay , a

certificate of appreciation, an AoMC

t-shirt and one complementary member-

ship for a person of your choice.

$ 250 Wood StorkSpoonbill benefits plus one copy of the

Sibley Field Guide to Birds and a lunch-eon briefing with the AoMC President

and Executive Director.

$ 500 OspreyWood Stork benefits plus a natural

history tour led by an AoMC Board

member to the nesting colony at Bird

Island in the Indian River Lagoon.

$ 1000 Bald EagleOsprey benefits plus a natural history

tour led by an AoMC Board member to a

local birding destination of your choice.

$ 5000 and more Scrub JayBald Eagle benefits plus a natural history

tour led by an AoMC Board member to

Everglades National Park, Merritt Island

National Wildlife Refuge, Ding Darling

National Wildlife Refuge or Arthur Mar-shall Loxahatchee NWR.

Audubon of Martin County SponsorshipLevels and Benefits

JOIN AudubonofMartin County

Name

Address

City State Zip

Phone Email

Write your check payable to Aud

Mail to: Audubon of Martin Cou

Attn: Membership

621 SE Palm Beach Roa

Stuart, FL 34994

Select your Membership level:

O Individual or family

O Senior (over 62) or Student

O Scrub Jay Newsletter only

Chapter Code: 7Ch

Turkey HuntReport

Thanksgiving 2008 already seems like a long timwant to once again say Thank You to our corporaand everyone who helped out with AoMCs No biharmed Turkey Egg Hunt. We were thankful for gand for enthusiasm of all the turkeyegg hunters. For those of you whodidnt know what Seasonal Gamesmeant, you can now know it includeda Pin the tail on the turkey game ,Catch a Rubber Duckie and a bean-bag toss, where participants tried to

throw bean bag acorns to gape -mouthed painted Scrub-jays chicks.

Congrats to Dan Roberts (a leader of the Azalea St. Osprey advocates) who had the bestguess on the weight of the live wild turkey Stuffing from Busch Wildlife Sanctuary; Danwon a fruit basket donated by Hale Groves. Congrats also to Irene Geraghty from Big Broth-ers/Big Sisters who won the 4 course dinner from Rotellis Restaurant on Lost River Road.Many thanks to turkey hunt organizer Pam Hopkins, the TH Team and the AoMC Board mem-bers and supporters who helped make the event a success.

David Hitzig and Stuffing meet the crowd at the Turkey Egg Hunt

Painted Turke


4/4

4

Our thanks to FPLs Stacy Foster for coordinatingAoMCs recent field trip to FPLs St. Lucie Power Plantwhere Stacy and several of her colleagues described to usFPLs proposal to construct six wind turbines on their

property on Hutchinson Island. Highwinds on the day of our visit would havebeen good for spinning the wind turbines,but made it poor for birding. Land birdswere staying close to the ground, butseveral Northern Gannets were seen offshore. After seeing the locations of two

of the six proposed turbines, (where wewere joined by a vocal Blue-gray Gnat-catcher), we were provided informationabout the baseline bird monitoring that

has been collected during the last 12 months. Over 110species have been observed during the monitoring, whichhas included birdsfrom Anhingas and Buntings to War-blers and Willets. Bird species observed during the moni-toring have also variedin size from tiny war-blers to the large BaldEagles and BrownPelicans. They alsovaried in abundancefrom common, abun-dant species such asRoyal Terns to veryuncommon speciessuch as Piping Ploversand Parasitic Jeagers.We learned alternative energy lingo - WRAs (Wind Re-source Areas) and RSA (Rotor Swept Areas) and heardabout varying levels of bird mortality at other wind turbinesites across the country.

As of this writing the AoMC Board of Directors has nottaken a position on FPLs proposed wind energy, but weappreciate FPLs willingness to bring us up-to-speed onthis ground-breaking initiative.

Bird of the MonthBy Susan B. Whiting

It was barely light over the lagoon when I noted motion overthe water and saw two birds chasing one another. Then I heard adistinctive rattle and realized that the silhouettes I was watchingwere two Belted Kingfishers. They banked and rose up over theembankment and flashed a single broad breast band; ah ha-twomale kingfishers. It was too dark to determine if the blue-grayband across the chests of either bird was flecked with rust color.The young of the year show theserusty spots.

Belted Kingfishers are also knownas Halcyon. Their Latin name Megac-eryle alcyon means big kingfisher. Alcyon is a shortened version

of Halcyon, who, in Greek mythology, was the daughter of the godof the Winds, Aeolus. Halcyon mar-ried Ceyx the son of the god of theMorning Star. As a couple, theywere very impudent and called them-selves Zeus and Hera the king andqueen of the gods. As punishmentboth Halcyon and Ceyx werechanged into kingfishers.

The Belted Kingfishers we see inMartin County are probably snowbirds. The resident Florida kingfish-ers only breed in north Central Flor-

ida and the Panhandle. Halcyons are solitary except when they arecourting and raising a family. Their courtship involves the maleoffering the female food and uttering a strange mewing call. Afterthey mate, both kingfishers perform a lovely flight as they stowtheir wings and dip to the surface of the water and then swing upand open their wings. Both male andfemale excavate a nest in a sandybank. They use both their strongheavy bills and their spade-like feet toburrow into a bank to a depth of fourto six feet. This endeavor can take upto three weeks where the bank is hardto dig. The females lay around sixwhite eggs and incubate them for 23days. Then it takes another 23 days forthe young to fledge and it is at this

time the fledglings are most atrisk as they are not strongfliers.It is fun to watch the parentkingfishers teach their kids how to fish. The adults dropmeals in front of the perched youngsters to give them theidea of how to fish. After about ten days the young starthovering and diving for their own food. The Halcyons

also fish from a perch, as many of us who live near watercan readily attest. We frequently are cleaning the decks ofboats and patios from deposits left by the kingfishers whochoose the mast, flagpole or outriggers for their fishingperch.

The Belted Kingfisher is present in Florida year-roundbut is most common August through April. If you hear adry rattle from the sky while you are walking near thewater, look out for the crested blue and white BeltedKingfisher.

Belted Kingfisher(Megaceryle alcyon)

Photo Courtesyof

Wildphotosphotography.com

Courtesy of Cornell

PaulNoll.com

Field Trip Report -to FPLs Proposed Wind TurbineProject in St. Lucie County

Right Tree/ Right Place Checklist

SoilSouth Florida has many diverse soils

Well drained/DryPoorly drained/wetShallow soil depth

SandyLoamClay

MuckMarlShallowrock

SpaceConsider the mature height and spread of the tree

Open spaceAdjacent building

Overhead utility linesRoad signs or street lights

SunlightMost trees require partial to full sunlightFull sun Partial sunlight Full shadeTemperatureSelect tree species that are adapted to the tropical climate

Not freeze tolerant Moderately freeze tolerant Cold hardyTree ShapesConsider the mature trees shape and spread of canopy

Upright & narrowSpreading canopy

Low & SpreadingUpright & spreading

Palms - short frondsPalm - long fronds

CharacteristicsUnique attributes of trees may affect your selection

FloweringFruiting

Fall leaf colorBark texture

Types of TreesOnly deciduous trees drop leave in winterEvergreen

Decidous

Conifers

PalmsSpecial SituationsYou may have additional site considerationsSalt sprayDrought periods

SlopeRoot space restrictions

Natures Food Bank -

Winter Native Berries for the Birds

Tips to Proper Planting:

Learn the proper habita

plant.

Select a location where

be happy.

If you cannot provide a h

the plant is happy - don

Dig a hole 2Xs the size

root ball in both directio

Mix slow release fertili

bottom half of the hole rotted compost and a po

removed native soil up

equal to where the botto

plant will be.

Remove plant from pot

center of hole. Back fi

root ball with a mixture

leaser fertilizer, compo

soil.

Water thoroughly. Con

backfill up to the same

top of the soil in the po

Make a moat around th

water will stay in durin

lishment period with da

Water thoroughly so al

ets are pushed out.

Compress soil (add mo

sary) and work out air p

**Remember to water the p

is still in the pot, before tryi

it. Wet soil sticks to the roo

soil will drop off. This wil

necessary disturbance of the

Dahoon holly (Ilex cassine) smoothlight gray bark; fruit- yellow t o orange,mature a bright red, bristle-tippedleaves, understory tree. Does well in wetsituations.

Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana)multi-stem shrub, graceful archingbranches, distinctive magenta to richpurple fruit in dense clusters, fruits bestin full sun.

Firebush (Hamelia patens) multi-stem or small tree, tubular red to red-orange flowers yield to juicy round ber-ries, red to purplish black.

Wild Coffee

(Psychotria nervosa)upright multi-stem ev-ergreen shrub, shinydark green leaves, maroon to scarletfruit, tolerant of shade.

Marlberry (Ardisia escalloniodes)evergreen shrub or slender tree in under-story, clusters of fragrant white flowersproduce shiny black berries.** Compiled by Joan Bausch, r eferencesby Gil Nelson- The Shrubs and WoodyVines of Florida andFloridas Best Na-tive Landscape Plants

Documents

January 2009 Scrub Jay Newsletter Audubon of Martin County