Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

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Year Developments in Jazz Historical Events

1900

• A cutting contest (a colloquial term for music competition) for

ragtime pianists is held at New Yor!s "amman# Hall$

• Hawaii %ecomes official &$'$ territor#$

• irst electric %us runs in New Yor it#

1901

• harles *ooth!s performance of J$ *odewalt +ange!s Creole

Blues is recorded for the new ,ictor la%el$ "his is the firstacoustic recording of ragtime to %e made commerciall#availa%le$

• "he American ederation of -usicians (the musicians union)

votes to suppress ragtime$

• +ouis Armstrong is %orn$

• &$'$ .resident /illiam -c0inle# is

assassinated$

• .ainter .a%lo .icasso!s first e1hi%it is h

.aris$

• "heodore 2oosevelt %ecomes president$

1902

• "he John .hilip 'ousa *and records the ragtime piece3

Trombone Sneeze3 written %# Arthur .r#or$

• +incoln .ar is opened in New 4rleans as a center for ragtime

and earl# 5azz performances$

• 'cott Joplin pu%lishes The Entertainer: a Ragtime Two-Step3

which would %ecome a popular hit nearl# 67 #ears later$

• .ianist Jell# 2oll -orton claims to have invented 5azz in this

#ear$

• "he Electric "heatre3 the first movie th

in the &nited 'tates3 opens in +os Angealifornia$

• u%a gains independence from the &nit

'tates$

1903

• .ianist and composer Eu%ie *lae pu%lishes his first piano

rags$

• "he /right %rothers mae their first

successful flight$

1904

• ornetist *udd# *olden %egins to develop a reputation in New

4rleans for pla#ing music that fuses elements of %lues and

ragtime$

• "enor sa1ophonist oleman Hawins is %orn$

• "he third -odern 4l#mpic 8ames ope

't$ +ouis3 -issouri as part of the /orld

air$

• "he ice cream cone is created$

• "he first underground line of the New

it# 'u%wa# opens$

• "he first New Year!s Eve cele%ration is

in New Yor it#!s "imes 'quare$

1905

• A %lac newspaper in 9ndianapolis releases a statement inreaction to racist songs popular during this period: ;omposers

• 'cientist Al%ert Einstein presents his sp

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should not set music to a set of words that are a direct insult tothe colored race$;

theor# of relativit#$

• .izza is introduced at +om%ardi!s in Ne

Yor$

1906

• Jell# 2oll -orton composes King Porter Stomp$ •

1907

• ornetist *udd# *olden is committed to a mental institution

without having ever recorded an# music$

• 'cott Joplin moves to New Yor$

• "he first wireless %roadcast of classical

music is produced in New Yor$

1908

• Alcohol is %anned in North arolina an

8eorgia$

1909

• "he &$'$ -arine %and records Joplin!s Maple Leaf Rag $

• "he popularit# of ragtime continues to grow among *lacs and

white resulting in increased pu%lic interaction %etween theraces$

• Alcohol is %anned in "ennessee$

• 2o%ert .ear# reaches the North .ole$

• /illiam Howard "aft %ecomes presiden

Year

Developments in Jazz Historical Events

1910

• omposer and conductor James 2eese Europe founds the lef

lu%3 an association for *lac musicians %ased in New Yor$

• "he NAA. is founded$

• -ar "wain dies$

• -arie urie isolates radium$

1911

• .ianist 'cott Joplin pu%lishes his opera "reemonisha$

• 9rving *erlin records Ale1ander!s 2agtime *and3 which

%ecomes a hit %ut is scorned %# ragtime purists$

• 2aold Amundsen reaches the 'outh .ol

• ivil /ar occurs in -e1ico$

1912

• "he "itanic sins$

1913

• "he word ;5azz; first appears in print$ •

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• James 2eese Europe records ragtime arrangements in New

Yor with the first %lac ensem%le to %e recorded$

• ,ernon and 9rene astle3 a married dance team3 %egins

performing floor shows at James Europe!s shows$

maing it the largest %uilding in the wo

• /oodrow /ilson %ecomes .resident$

1914

• .ianist /$$ Hand# writes 't$ +ouis *lues$ • /orld /ar 9 %egins in Europe$

• "he .anama anal opens to commercia

traffic$

1915

• "rumpeter 0ing 4liver forms a %and in New 4rleans with

clarinetist 'idne# *echet$

• 'cott Joplin stages "reemonisha himself and the show fails$

• ,ocalist *illie Holida# is %orn$

• Al%ert Einstein presents his general the

relativit#$

• "he 8reat -igration %egins> over the n

#ears < million *lacs will leave the 'ofor northern cities3 the mid=west andalifornia3 carr#ing their musical influewith them$

1916

• 2evolution occurs in 2ussia$

1917

• 'cott Joplin dies$

• "he classic era of ragtime ends$

• "he 4riginal Di1ieland Jass *and (an all white group) maes

the first 5azz recording3 +iver# 'ta%le *lues3 and also %ecomesthe first 5azz group to appear on film in the movie3 "he 8oodfor Nothing$

• "he &$'$ Nav# closes New 4rleans!s 'tor#ville red=light

district$

• Jazz musicians %egin to leave the cit# for the North$

• Dizz# 8illespie and "helonious -on are %orn$

• "he &$'$ enters /orld /ar 9$

• -ore than @773777 *lac men served t

armed forces in segregated units$

• James Europe leads the

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-amie 'mith and %egins to develop a unique st#le of pla#ing$ people worldwide$

• 'inger3 actor3 and civil rights activist .a

2o%eson graduates first in his class fro

2utgers &niversit#$

1919

• "he 4riginal Di1ieland Jass *and performs in +ondon$

• /ill -arion oo tours Europe with his 'outhern '#ncopated

4rchestra which includes clarinetist 'idne# *echet$ After thetour *echet sta#s in Europe$

• New 4rleans trom%onist 0id 4r# moves to +os Angeles and

forms a %and3 %ringing 5azz to new ears$

• James Europe is murdered %# a fellow %andmate after an

argument$

• +a%or and housing tensions lead to race

in hicago3 East 't$ +ouis3 /ashington3and other cities3 illing hundreds and %thousands out of their homes$

• "he first airplane crosses the Atlantic 4

piloted %# John Alcoc and Arthur /hi*rown$

• -e1ican re%el leader Emilio Capata is

am%ushed and murdered %# governmenforces$

• .h#sicist Ernest 2utherford3 nown as t

father of nuclear ph#sics3 discovers a winduce the splitting of an atom$ "his is tfirst instance of an e1periment performinuclear transmutation3 the changing ofchemical element into another$

YearDevelopments in Jazz Historical Events

1921

• "he town of Cion3 9llinois %ans 5azz performances3 la%eling

them ;sinful$;

• .ianist James .$ Johnson records "he Harlem 'trut and

arolina 'hout3 the earliest stride piano recordings3 in NewYor$

• A crisis occurs surrounding 8erman wa

reparations$

• Adolf Hitler is elected leader of the Na

.art#$

• 2ussia is refused entr# to the +eague of

Nations$

• "he first -iss America contest is held$

• /arren 8$ Hardin %ecomes president$

1922

• "rom%onist 0id 4r#!s %and3 %ased in +os Angeles3 maes the

first recordings %# a %lac ensem%le pla#ing in the New4rleans st#le$

• .ianist ats /aller maes his first recordings$

• -ahatma 8handi is imprisoned$

• "he ** (*ritish *roadcasting orpor

is founded$

• 9sadora Duncan!s suggestive dancing is

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• .ianist /illiam ;ount; *asie maes his first recordings$

• *lues singer -amie 'mith continues to grow in popularit#3

recording twent# songs with her %and "he Jazz Hounds3 which

features sa1ophonist oleman Hawins$

• 2agtime pu%lisher John 'tar goes out of %usiness signif#ing

the end of ragtime$

• 2ace records are created3 mareting and categorizing music %#

the race of the performers$

• +ouis Armstrong moves to hicago to 5oin 0ing 4liver!s *and$

%anned$

• -ussolini seizes power in 2ome$

• Eg#ptian pharaoh "utanhamen!s tom%discovered$

• /riter James Jo#ce pu%lishes &l#sses$

1923

• *lues singer *essie 'mith maes her first recording3 Down=hearted *lues3 which sells a million copies in si1 months andleads to her signing a nine=#ear contract with olum%ia2ecords$

• ornetist 0ing 4liver!s %and3 which includes +ouis Armstrong

on trumpet and Armstrong!s wife +il Hardin on piano3 maesits first recordings3 including Dippermouth *lues$

• .ianist and arranger letcher Henderson forms the letcher

Henderson 4rchestra and %egins performing at lu% Ala%amain New Yor$

• .ianist Jell# 2oll -orton3 now %ased in hicago3 maes

several recordings including solo pieces such as 0ing .orter'tomp and performances with the New 4rleans 2h#thm 0ings$

• larinetist 'idne# *echet maes his first recordings$

• *andleader Elmer 'nowden!s /ashingtonians performs in New

Yor with Due Ellington on piano$

• "he first networ radio %roadcast occur the &$'$

• Earthquae in "o#o ills 773777$

• ongress approves a law maing all Na

Americans citizens of the &$'$

• alvin oolidge %ecomes .resident$

1924

• Due Ellington maes his first recordings as leader of the/ashingtonians$

• 8eorge 8ershwin de%uts 2hapsod# in *lue along with .aul

/hiteman!s %and$

• ornetist *i1 *eider%ece and his %and3 "he /olverines3 mae

their first recordings$

• +ouis Armstrong moves to New Yor it# to wor with

letcher Henderson$

• ,ladimir 9l#ich +enin3 leader of theommunist 2evolution3 dies$

• 'talin %ecomes dictator of 2ussia$

• "he ascist .art# wins the 9talian electi

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• ornetist *i1 *eider%ece 5oins .aul /hiteman!s %and$

• .ianist and %andleader Due Ellington %egins his residenc# at

the otton lu% in Harlem3 increasing the %and from si1 to

eleven mem%ers$

across the Atlantic 4cean$

• olum%ia *roadcast '#stem (*') is

inaugurated$

• "he first ;talie; film is released3 "he J

'inger3 starring Al Jolson$

1928

• larinetist *enn# 8oodman maes his first recordings$ • Japanese troops enter hina$

1929

• .ianist ats /aller participates in a mi1ed=race recording

session in which he is forced to pla# %ehind a screen toseparate him from the white musicians$

• "he film 't$ +ouis *lues a%out the life of pianist /$$ Hand# is

released3 featuring %lues singer *essie 'mith3 Hand# asmusical director3 and pianist James .$ Johnson!s %and$

• Yugoslavia is formed under 0ing Ale1a

•

"he &$'$ stoc maret crashes$

• "he 't$ ,alentine!s Da# -assacre occur

hicago$

• "he first Academ# Awards are held in

Holl#wood$

• Her%ert Hoover %ecomes president$

Year


1930

• "rumpeter +ouis Armstrong records *od# and 'oul$

• 9n a recording session with Armstrong3 percussionist +ionel

Hampton pla#s his first vi%raphone solo and decides to maethat his main instrument$

• *andleader .aul /hiteman and his orchestra star in the movie

"he 0ing of Jazz$

• *andleader a% allowa# %ecomes a regular at the otton

lu%$

• ree 5azz sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman is %orn$

• "he planet .luto is discovered$

• "he 5et engine is invented$

1931

• ornetist *i1 *eider%ece dies of pneumonia at age $

• ornetist *udd# *olden dies$

• .ianist +il Hardin separates from her hus%and +ouis Armstrong

• "he Empire 'tate *uilding opens in Ne

Yor it#$

• 'pain %ecomes a 2epu%lic$

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and forms an all=female %and$

• 2A demonstrates the first F rmp long=pla#ing disc$

• Japan invades -anchuria$

• "here is massive worldwide unemplo#

1932

• Due Ellington records 9t Don!t -ean a "hing (9f it Ain!t! 8ot

"hat 'wing)3 the first 5azz composition to use swing in the title$

• larinetist *enn# 8oodman %egins his career with the letcher

Henderson 4rchestra$

• .ianist Joe Cawinul3 trumpeter Donald *#rd3 and 5azz harpist

Doroth# Ash%# are all %orn$

• John occroft wors in nuclear ph#sic

is the first to split an atom in a completcontrolled manner$ "his wor3 for whicwon a No%el award in B?3 was also othe first e1periments to verif# Einstein!sEGmc@$

• Japan forms a -anchurian 2epu%lic an

attacs 'hanghai$

•

2adio it# -usic Hall opens in New Y

• Aviator harles +ind%ergh!s son is

idnapped$

1933

• /ith the rise of the Nazi part# in 8erman#3 *erlin radio station

unstunde %ans 5azz %roadcasts$

• .ianist Art "atum records his first piano solo3 "iger 2ag3 which

is thought %# man# to %e a duet$

• Due Ellington and his orchestra %egin their first tour of

Europe$

• 'inger *essie 'mith maes her last recordings$

• 'inger *illie Holida# maes her first recording$

• Adolph Hitler %ecomes hancellor of

8erman#3 followed %# the creation of tDachau concentration camp3 political aand the appropriation of Jewish financethe government$

• ranlin D$ 2oosevelt %ecomes preside

intiates economic recover# in the &$'$

• -ahatma 8handi is imprisoned$

• .rohi%ition ends in the &$'$

• "he first photographs of the +och Ness

monster are pu%lished in *ritain!s Dail#

1934

• letcher Henderson!s %and folds due to financial difficulties

and Henderson sells his arrangements to *enn# 8oodman3 who performs with his %and at *ill# 2ose!s -usic Hall in NewYor$

• "he 5ournal Down *eat: the ontemporar# -usic -agazine is

launched in hicago$

• "he Iuintette du Hot lu% de rance3 featuring guitarist

D5ango 2einhardt and violinist 'tephane 8rappelli3 gives itsfirst pu%lic performance at the Ecole Normale de -usique in

.aris$

• 4utlaws *onnie .arer and l#de *arr

are shot dead$

• 9talian troops invade Al%ania$

• "he Nazi coup fails in Austria$

• Adolf Hitler %egins his dictatorship in

8erman#$

• *lues singer +ead%ell# is released from

prison in +ouisiana after writing a song

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• Jimmie +unceford!s %and replaces a% allowa#s at the

otton lu% in Harlem$

• larinetist Jimm# Dorse# and trom%onist "omm# Dorse# form

the Dorse# *rothers 4rchestra$

• Due Ellington and *illie Holida# appear in the film

'#mphon# in *lac$

governor asing for a pardon$

• "he first cheese%urger is served in +oui

0entuc#$

1935

• .ianist and %andleader *ennie -oten dies$

• .ianist ount *asie forms the *arons of 2h#thm with

mem%ers of -oten!s %and$

• ,ocalist Ella itzgerald maes her first recordings$

• larinetist *enn# 8oodman records letcher Henderson!s

arrangement of Jell# 2oll -orton!s 0ing .orter 'tomp$

• *enn# 8oodman %egins recording with a raciall# integrated

trio that includes pianist "edd# /ilson and drummer 8ene0rupa$

• *illie Holida# maes several recordings with pianist "edd#

/ilson3 including /hat a +ittle -oonlight an Do$

• 8eorge 8ershwin!s three=act opera .org# and *ess opens at the

Alvin "heater in New Yor$

• 9tal# invades Ethiopia$

• "he first paper%ac %oos are pu%lishe

• "he electric guitar is invented$

1936

• *illie Holida# and "edd# /ilson record 9 ried for You3 which

goes on to sell ?3777 copies$

• .ianist Nat 0ing ole maes his first recordings with the 'olid

'wingers3 a %and led %# his %rother3 Eddie ole3 a %assist$

• *enn# 8oodman3 adding vi%raphonist +ionel Hampton to his

trio3 records -oonglow3 which starts a series of popular quartetrecordings$

• Due Ellington provides music for the -ar1 *rothers movie A

Da# at the 2aces$

• *lac American athlete Jesse 4wens wi

four gold medals at the 4l#mpic 8ames*erlin> Hitler leaves the stadium and reto %e photographed with 4wens$

1937

• *illie Holida# maes her de%ut with ount *asie!s %and$

• oleman Hawins records with D5ango 2einhardt and

sa1ophonist *enn# arter in .aris$

• "he Hinden%urg e1plodes in New Jerse

• "he Japanese capture .eing and contr

'hanghai$

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• Due Ellington records aravan3 %# Juan "izol$

• ount *asie!s %and %roadcasts from the 'avo# *allroom in

Harlem$

• ount *asie!s %and records 4ne 4!cloc Jump3 which %ecomes

their signature tune$

• *enn# 8oodman records 'ing3 'ing3 'ing$

• 8eorge 8ershwin dies of a %rain tumor$

• Nat 0ing ole creates a new ensem%le with piano3 %ass3 and

guitar$

•

*essie 'mith dies in a car accident$

• "rumpeter Dizz# 8illespie maes his first recordings$

1938

• *enn# 8oodman!s %and hosts a sold out concert at arnegie

Hall which features a 5azz histor# element and a 5am sessionwith mem%ers of Due Ellingtons and ount *asie!s %ands$After the 8oodman concert3 ount *asie!s %and and hic/e%%!s %and have an informal competition at the 'avo#*allroom$

• ornetist 0ing 4liver dies after #ears in povert# woring as a

pool=room 5anitor$

• *enn# 8oodman!s %and records *ach 8oes to "own: .relude

and ugue in 'wing3 which com%ines elements of classicalmusic and swing$

• 8erman# anne1es Austria and 'udetenl

• 'hopping carts are introduced for the fi

time in 4lahoma$

• Actor 4rson /elles %roadcasts /ar of t

/orlds3 a radio science=fiction drama a-artian invasion3 and causes a nationw

panic$

1939

• A new %and led %# trom%onist 8lenn -iller gains notoriet#

through regular radio %roadcasts$

• *illie Holida# records 'trange ruit3 with controversial l#rics

regarding l#nchings which causes it to %e %anned from severalradio stations$

• hic /e%% dies and Ella itzgerald taes over his %and$

• 8lenn -iller records the hugel# successful 9n "he -ood$

• *enn# 8oodman hires guitarist harlie hristian$

• +ester Young records +ester +eaps 9n with ount *asie$

• oleman Hawins records *od# and 'oul3 setting a new

• /orld /ar 99 %reas out in Europe$

• 8erman# occupies *ohemia3 -oravia3

'lovaia3 and +ithuania and invades .o

• -ilitar# conscription is introduced in *

• Hitler and -ussolini agree to a ;.act of

'teel$;

• "he 'panish ivil /ar ends$

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standard for improvisational sophistication on the sa1ophone$

• Artie 'haw retires$

• 'inger -a 2aine# dies$

• harlie .arer moves to New Yor to pursue music$

• *lue Note 2ecords is founded$

Year


1940

•omposer and %andleader Due Ellington hires sa1ophonist*en /e%ster and records 0o=0o3 oncerto for ootie3 andottontail$

• "rumpeter ootie /illiams leaves Ellington!s %and and is

replaced %# trumpeter and violinist 2a# Nance$

• ,i%raphonist +ionel Hampton!s %ig %and records l#ing Home$

• Nat 0ing ole!s trio records the timel# piece3 8one with the

Draft$

• -inton!s .la#house in New Yor %ecomes a hot spot for 5azz3

where musicians such as pianist "helonious -on3 trumpeterDizz# 8illespie3 and drummer 0enn# lare are featured$

• "he American 'ociet# of omposer3 Authors3 and .u%lishers

(A'A.) issues a %roadcast %an of A'A. wors3 resulting inthe growth of rival organization *roadcast -usic 9ncorporated(*-9)$

•"he 'oviet &nion attacs inland$

• 8erman# invades Norwa# and Denmar

• /inston hurchill %ecomes .rime -ini

of *ritain$

• Holland and *elgium fall to 8erman#$

• 9tal# declares war on *ritain and ranc

•

8erman# occupies .aris$

1941

• Due Ellington!s %and records composer *ill# 'tra#horn!s "ae

the !A! "rain3 which %ecomes the %and!s signature tune$

• "rumpeter 2o# Eldridge 5oins drummer 8ene 0rupa!s

orchestra as featured soloist$

• larinetist 'idne# *echet pla#s five different instruments on

"he 'hei of Ara%# and *lues of *echet3 using some of theearliest overdu%%ing techniques$

• 'a1ophonist harlie .arer maes his first recordings with Ja#

-c'hanns %and and %egins participating in the famous-inton!s .la#house 5am sessions where %e%op is created$

• 8erman# invades Yugoslavia3 2ussia3 a

sends troops to North Africa$

• "he *ritish arm# goes to +i%#a and Eth

• Japan %om%s .earl Har%or3 Hawaii$

• "he &$'$ and *ritain declare war on Jap

• "he &$'$ declares war on 8erman# and

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• A'A.!s %roadcasting %o#cott ends$

• Jell# 2oll -orton dies$

• ootie /illiams forms his own orchestra3 which eventuall#emplo#s musicians such as Eddie !+oc5aw! Davis3 harlie.arer and *ud .owell$

• Dizz# 8illespie is fired %# a% allowa# after an altercation

involving a nife$

1942

• .ianist ats /aller appears at arnegie Hall$

• omposer +eonard *ernstein performs in *oston as a 5azz

pianist$

• "he American ederation of -usicians %ans its mem%ers from

participating in studio recordings for record companies that failto pa# ro#alties to performers$

• "rom%onist 8lenn -iller dissolves his %and and enlists in the

Air orce where he forms a new %and$

• Eighteen=#ear=old singer 'arah ,aughan wins a talent

competition at Harlem!s Apollo "heater$

• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie 5oin pianist Earl Hines

%and$

• Eddie ondon!s integrated %and appears on *' television$

• *ill%oard magazine pu%lishes the first %lac record chart under

the title ;Harlem Hit .arade$;

• "he &$'$ %om%s 8erman#$

• 8erman# attacs 'talingrad3 &$'$'$2$

• Japan wages campaigns in East 9ndies3

-ala#a3 and *urma$

1943

• Due Ellington!s 4rchestra performs *lac3 *rown3 and *eige

and New /orld Aomin! at arnegie Hall$

• .ianist Art "atum esta%lishes a trio with guitarist "in# 8rimes

and %assist 'lam 'tewart$

• 8lenn -iller pu%lishes a te1t=%oo for arranging music$

• *ritain captures "ripoli$

• 8erman# surrenders at 'talingrad and

"unisia$

• 9talian leader *enito -ussolini resigns

the Allied invasion of 'icil#$

• "he Allies land on mainland 9tal#$

• 9tal# turns against 8erman#$

• "he 5itter%ug dance %ecomes popular in

&$'$

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1944

• .roducer Norman 8ranz initiates the series3 ;Jazz at the

.hilharmonic; in +os Angeles$

• *ud .owell urges %andleader ootie /illiams to record

"helonious -on!s !2ound -idnight$ "his is the first nownrecording of this song3 which has since %ecome the most=recorded 5azz standard composed %# an# 5azz musician$

• "helonious -on maes his first recordings with the oleman

Hawins Iuartet$

• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie leave *ill# Ecstine!s %and$

• "rumpeter -iles Davis arrives in New Yor to stud# at

Juilliard 'chool of -usic %ut promptl# withdraws$ Hecomplains of the classical F European focus of the school and

decides he can learn more from .arer3 8illespie and the NY 5azz scene$

• +ester Young is drafted into the arm#3 is voted most popular

sa1ophonist %# Down *eat magazine3 and appears in the filmJammin! the *lues$

• "he American ederation of -usicians lifts the recording %an$

• 8lenn -iller disappears in an Air orce flight from +ondon to

.aris$

• "he siege of +eningrad ends$

• "he Allies land on Normand# %eaches

what %ecomes ;D=Da#$;

• An unsuccessful assassination attempt i

made on Adolph Hitler$

• .aris and *russels are li%erated$

• "he &$'$ Arm# crosses the 8erman %or

• "he &nited Negro ollege und is

esta%lished$

1945

• Dizz# 8illespie records *e=*op$

• harlie .arer hires -iles Davis to replace Dizz# 8illespie at

the "hree Deuces on ?@nd 'treet3 leading Davis to quit school$

• harlie .arer records Now!s "he "ime3 his first session as a

leader3 with -iles Davis on trumpet and -a1 2oach on drums$

• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie pla# in +os Angeles3

helping to esta%lish an interest in %e%op$

• .ianist -ar# +ou /illiams gives the first performance of her

Codiac 'uite at New Yor!s "own Hall$

• /arsaw and *udapest fall to the &$'$'$

• ologne falls to the Allies$

• .resident ranlin 2oosevelt dies$

• 9talian leader *enito -ussolini is e1ecu

his corpse later hung upside down for pviewing$

• Adolph Hitler commits suicide$

• *erlin is captured %# 2ussian troops$

• 8erman forces surrender$

• "he &$'$ drops atomic %om%s on Hiros

and Nagasai$

• Japan surrenders$

• omposer Anton /e%ern is accidentall

to death %# &$'$ militar# policeman in

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Austria$

• omposer *ela *arto dies$

• "he &nited Nations is founded$

• E%on# -agazine is founded$

• Harr# '$ "ruman %ecomes president$

1946

• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie perform at ;Jazz at the

.hilharmonic; in +os Angeles$

• harlie .arer performs with -iles Davis in +ittle "o#o3 +os

Angeles$

• -iles Davis records 4rnitholog# and Night in "unisia with

harlie .arer3 and then re5oins *ill# Ecstine!s %and$

• 8uitarist D5ango 2einhardt and violinist 'tephane 8rappelli

are reunited after their wartime separation$

• Dizz# 8illespie forms a %ig %and that includes pianist John

+ewis and drummer 0enn# lare$

•

*illie Holida# performs at "own Hall in New Yor$

• Hungar# %ecomes a repu%lic$

• .resident Juan .eron assumes power in

Argentina$

• 9tal# %ecomes a repu%lic$

• -ao "se="ung revives the hinese ivi

• "he %iini is introduced$

1947

• +ouis Armstrong appears at arnegie Hall with *illie Holida#$

• -iles Davis continues to perform with harlie .arer at the

"hree Deuces and maes a series of recordings with .arer$

• -iles Davis maes his first recordings as a leader3 featuring

harlie .arer3 pianist John +ewis3 and drummer -a1 2oach$

• harlie .arer records numerous tracs for the Dial and 'avo#la%els$

• *illie Holida# is convicted for possession of heroin$

• Ella itzgerald and Dizz# 8illespie appear at a sold out concert

at arnegie Hall3 where 8illespie performs u%ana *eFu%ana*op$

• Dizz# 8illespie records -anteca3 %ringing attention to Afro=

u%an 5azz$

• "helonious -on maes his first recordings as a %andleader

for *lue Note$ 'everal of his original compositions are

• risis occurs in .alestine$

• 9ndia and .aistan gain independence f

*ritain$

• ommunists assume power in Hungar#

• Jacie 2o%inson %ecomes the first Afric

American in ma5or league %ase%all$

• "he sound %arrier is %roen in the &$'$

• "he entral 9ntelligence Agenc# is crea

%# .resident Harr# "ruman$

• "he House &n=American Activities

ommittee %egins investigating commuin Holl#wood3 leading to the %laclistinten filmmaers$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

15/39

featured3 including 9n /aled *ud3 -on!s -ood and /ellYou Needn!t$

• Drummer Art *lae# forms a group that is later to %ecome the

Jazz -essengers$

• "he Atlantic la%el is founded$

• +ouis Armstrong and *illie Holida# appear in the film New

4rleans$

• hano .ozo introduces Afro=u%an 5azz in New Yor$

• "he first microwave oven is introduced$

1948

• Dizz# 8illespie %rings %e%op to Europe3 performing at the Nice

Jazz estival in rance along with +ouis Armstrong and others$

• 8illespie!s u%an drummer3 hano .ozo3 is shot dead in

Harlem$

• *illie Holida# performs twice at arnegie Hall3 %oth times

%reaing %o1=office records$

• olum%ia 2ecords introduces the first long=pla#ing vin#l discs$

• -iles Davis forms a nonet which appears for two wees at the

2o#al 2oost as a replacement for pianist ount *asie!s %and$

• 'a1ophonist *en /e%ster re5oins Due Ellington!s %and$

• -ahatma 8handi is assassinated in Ne

Delhi$

• ommunists gain control of zechoslo

• *ritain a%andons .alestine$

• 9srael is founded$

• "he &$'$'$2$ isolates *erlin$

• /riter 8eorge 4rwell!s BK is pu%lish

• 'outh Africa esta%lishes the apartheid

s#stem$

• 9n the &$'$3 a 5udge rules that it is illega

homeowners to refuse to sell to %lac %

1949

• -iles Davis and composerFarranger 8il Evans record *irth of

the ool$

• "he first estival 9nternational de Jazz is held in .aris3featuring harlie .arer3 Dizz# 8illespie3 'idne# *echet3 -ilesDavis3 0enn# lar3 and others$

• .ianist +ennie "ristano records earl# e1amples of free 5azz

improvisation$

• Norman 8ranz pairs anadian pianist 4scar .eterson with

%assist 2a# *rown at a ;Jazz at the .hilharmonic; concert atarnegie Hall$

• .ianist Dave *ru%ec records in 'an rancisco with his piano

trio$

• "he 2epu%lic of Erie is esta%lished$

• "he /est 8erman ederal 2epu%lic is

esta%lished$

• "he first passenger 5et aircraft maes a

• "he .eople!s 2epu%lic of hina is foun

%# hairman -ao "se="ung$

• "he East 8erman Democratic 2epu%lic

esta%lished$

• ivil /ar ends in 8reece$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

16/39

• "he clu% *irdland3 named after harlie ;*ird; .arer3 opens on

*roadwa#$

• harlie .arer appears at arnegie Hall> the same #ear he also

records harlie .arer with 'trings$

• 'tan 0enton performs progressive 5azz at arnegie Hall with a

@?=piece orchestra$

• ,ietnam achieves independence from

Year


1950

• .ianist 4scar .eterson maes his first recordings$

• ,ocalist 'arah ,aughan records in NY with trumpeter -iles

Davis$

• 'a1ophonist harlie .arer and pianist "helonious -on

record together$

• "helonious -on is arrested for possession of drugs and

%anned from performing in NY nightclu%s for si1 #ears$

• .ianist Errol 8arner composes -ist#$

• .ianist Ahmad Jamal forms his first piano trio$

• .ianist ount *asie and trumpeter Dizz# 8illespie %oth

dis%and their %ig %ands due to financial constraints$

• /riter 8eorge 4rwell (BK) dies$

• "he 'oviet &nion declares its nuclear

weaponr#$

• "he 0orean /ar %egins$

• hina invades "i%et$

1951

• "he -iles Davis All 'tars record their first long=pla#ing al%um

for .restige$

• .ianist Dave *ru%ec forms his first quartet with sa1ophonist

.aul Desmond$

• .ianist John +ewis forms the -ilt Jacson Iuartet with

vi%raphonist -ilt Jacson3 %assist 2a# *rown3 and drummer0enn# lare$

• New Yor police strip "helonious -on of his ca%aret card

after he refuses to testif# against *ud .owell for a narcoticsarrest$ "he loss of his card severel# restricts "helonious! a%ilit#to find gainful emplo#ment in New Yor (a ca%aret card wasrequired to pla# in an# esta%lishment that served liquor)$

• &nited Nations troops tae 'eoul$

• /riter J$D$ 'alinger pu%lishes "he atc

the 2#e$

• NA"4 is formed$

1952

• harlie .arer records sessions with strings and +atin • /riter 'amuel *ecett!s pu%lishes /ait

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

17/39

repertoire for -ercur#$

• *assist harles -ingus and drummer -a1 2oach form the

De%ut la%el$

• arnegie Hall presents a concert devoted to alifornia 5azz

featuring trumpeter het *aer and sa1ophonists 8err#-ulligan and .aul Desmond$

• -ilt Jacson and John +ewis rename their group the -odern

Jazz Iuartet$

• *andleader letcher Henderson dies$

• Due Ellington!s @?th Anniversar# is cele%rated with two

concerts at arnegie Hall featuring *illie Holida#3 sa1ophonist

'tan 8etz3 harlie .arer3 and Dizz# 8illespie$

• 8err# -ulligan!s piano=less quartet records -# unn#

,alentine$

for 8odot$

• "he 9mmigration and Naturalization Ac

passed3 removing the last racial and eth

%arriers to naturalization$

1953

• Dave *ru%ec!s quartet records Jazz at 4%erlin during a highl#

acclaimed college tour$

• *enn# 8oodman!s %and goes on tour with +ouis Armstrong!s

All 'tars eventuall# leading to a fight that ends with 8oodman

having a nervous %readown$

• "rom%onist *o% *roome#er replaces het *aer in 8err#

-ulligan!s quartet$

• harlie .arer3 Dizz# 8illespie3 -a1 2oach3 *ud .owell and

harles -ingus travel to "oronto3 anada to record Jazz at-asse# Hall$

• 'oviet leader Josef 'talin dies$

• omposer 'erge .roofiev dies$

• Iueen Eliza%eth 99 is coronated in +on

• "he 0orean /ar ends$

• Dwight D$Eisenhower %ecomes preside

1954

• -iles Davis records /alin! and -iles Davis and the -odern

Jazz 8iants3 the latter featuring "helonious -on and -iltJacson$

• "he highl# popular het *aer Iuartet records -# unn#

,alentine and *ut Not or -e$

• Dave *ru%ec appears on the cover of "ime magazine3 his

quartet records Jazz 8oes "o ollege$

• Drummer 'hell# -anne records /est oast 'ound$

• "he first American 5azz festival is organized in Newport3

• "he &$'$ tests the h#drogen %om% on *

Atoll$

• American composer harles 9ves dies$

• *ill Hale# and the omets introduce th

song 'hae3 2attle and 2oll$

• "he ,ietnam /ar %egins$

• "he &$'$ 'upreme ourt rules that raci

segregation in pu%lic schools inunconstitutional$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

18/39

2hode 9sland %# 8eorge /ein$

• harlie .arer attempts suicide and is later admitted to

*ellevue Hospital$

• *assist harles -ingus maes his first recordings with the Jazz

omposers /orshop$

• "he film "he 8lenn -iller 'tor# is released3 starring Jimm#

'tewart and featuring +ouis Armstrong and others$

• Drummer -a1 2oach forms a hard %op quintet with trumpeter

lifford *rown$

• Drummer Art *lae# records his first al%um under the name

the Jazz -essengers$

• "helonious -on tours Europe3 where -ar# +ou /illiams first

introduces him to *aroness .annonica !Nica! de 0oenigswarter3for whom "helonious will later dedicate the song .annonica$

• "he first nuclear power is produced in t

'oviet &nion$

1955

• harlie .arer dies$ "he coroner who performs his autops#

mistaenl# estimates .arer!s K=#ear=old %od# to %e %etween?7 and

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

19/39

• .ianist Horace 'ilver leaves the Jazz -essengers$

• Due Ellington!s popularit# is respared %# an appearance at

the Newport Jazz estival and %# a cover stor# in "ime

-agazine$

• -iles Davis records 2ela1in!3 ooin!3 and 'teamin! and then

tours Europe$

• Art "atum dies$

• N* launches the Nat 0ing ole 'how$

• "rumpeter +ee -organ maes his first recordings$

•

"helonious -on records *rilliant orners3 with 'onn#2ollins$

1957

• "he -odern Jazz Iuartet provides the score for the film 'ait=

on 5amais3 and tours Europe performing the music$

• -iles Davis and arranger 8il Evans record -iles Ahead$

• -iles Davis records the soundtrac for the rench film

+!Ascenseur pour l!echafaud and performs the music in .aris

with %assist .ierre -ichelot and drummer 0enn# lare$

• "helonious -on records with the Jazz -essengers$

• larinetist Jimm# Dorse# dies$

• *assist harles -ingus records "i5uana -oods3 using elements

of +atin music$

• +eonard *ernstein!s /est 'ide 'tor# opens in /ashington3

D$$

• 'a1ophonist John oltrane records the al%um *lue "rane$

• +ouis Armstrong causes controvers# %# speaing out against

.resident Dwight Eisenhower$

• *illie Holida# performs ine and -ellow in a live ",

%roadcast$

• "he 'tate Department sends *enn# 8oodman on a tour to the

ar East$

•.ianist and arranger "oshio Ai#oshi wins a poll in Down

• onductor Arturo "oscanini dies$

• omposer Jean 'i%elius dies$

• "he &$'$'$2$ launches the first 'putni

satellite$

•8overnor au%us of Aransas calls out

National 8uard to prevent desegregatio

• Dr$ 'euss! children!s %oo "he at in th

%ecomes a %estseller$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

20/39

*eat and receives an award from the *erlee ollege of -usic$

• *randies &niversit# commissions "hird 'tream wors %#

harles -ingus and others$

1958

• ritic *arr# &lanov speas out against se1ism in 5azz in an

article in Down *eat$

• 'onn# 2ollins records reedom 'uite with 4scar .ettiford and

-a1 2oach3 using the liner notes to attac racism in America$

• Dave *ru%ec performs in Denmar$

• 4scar .eterson performs in Amsterdam$

• *andleader /$$ Hand# dies$

• "he film 't$ +ouis *lues depicts Hand#!s life and features Nat

0ing ole3 Ella itzgerald3 and %lues singer -ahalia Jacson$

• -iles Davis records -ilestones3 featuring earl# modal 5azz$

• -iles Davis records 4n 8reen Dolphin 'treet with pianist *ill

Evans$

•

-iles Davis and 8il Evans record large=ensem%learrangements of composer 8eorge 8ershwin!s opera .org# and*ess$

• Art *lae#!s Jazz -essengers record -oanin!3 a defining

al%um for hard %op$

• omposer Antonio arlos Jo%im launches the %ossa nova

craze3 recording Joao 8il%erto!s hega de 'audade$

• *ill Evans records Ever#%od# Digs *ill Evans with the

influential modal trac .eace .iece$

• Art *lae# records Holida# for 'in with three 5azz drummers

and seven +atin percussionists and tours Europe with the Jazz-essengers$

• "he European Economic ommunit# is

esta%lished$

• .ainter .a%lo .icasso!s mural "he all

9carus is unveiled$

• "he *oeing 676 5et revolutionizes air tr

• "he hovercraft is invented$

• "he first stereo record is issued$

• "he sate%oard is invented in aliforni

1959

• "helonious -on appears at "own Hall$

• -iles Davis records 0ind of *lue3 which pioneers modal 5azz3

and will eventuall# %ecome one of the %est selling 5azz al%umsof all time$

• idel astro assumes power in u%a$

• 'inger *udd# Holl# dies$

• Hawaii and Alasa 5oin the &$'$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

21/39

• 'a1ophonist +ester Young dies$

• John oltrane records 8iant 'teps$

• larinetist 'idne# *echet dies$

• +os Angeles=%ased sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman records "he

'hape of Jazz to ome3 a free 5azz al%um$

• oleman!s group performs free 5azz at the ive 'pot in New

Yor$

• *illie Holida# is arrested for possession of drugs and dies soon

after$

•

Due Ellington composes the score for the film Anatom# of a-urder$

• Dave *ru%ec and his quartet record "ime 4ut3 which includes

.aul Desmond!s hit "ae ive$

• .ianist 4scar .eterson forms a trio with %assist 2a# *rown and

drummer Ed "higpen$

• Architect ran +lo#d /right dies$

• .anama is invaded %# u%an forces$

• hina is %arred from 5oining the &nited Nations$

• "he first cassette tapes are introduced i

&$'$

• Earth receives its first pictures of the da

side of the moon$

• "he first Lero1 machines are introduce

•

"wo mone#s are sent into space %# Nand return safel#$

Year


1960

• "rumpeter -iles Davis records 'etches of 'pain3 which uses

lamenco music3 and then tours Europe$

• "he -odern Jazz Iuartet records an al%um with orchestral

accompaniment$

• rowd distur%ances disrupt the 6th Newport Jazz estival$

• 'a1ophonist John oltrane and trumpeter Don herr#

colla%orate on the al%um Avant=8arde3 influenced %#sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman$

• John oltrane records -# avorite "hings3 as well as 8iant

'teps$

• Drummer -a1 2oach records /e 9nsistM: reedom Now 'uite$

"he al%um has an e1plicit civil rights message$

• .ianist ecil "a#lor and sa1ophonist Archie 'hepp record "he

/orld of ecil "a#lor$

• *assist harles -ingus and sa1ophonistFclarinetist EricDolph# record /hat +ove and a%les of au%us3 the latter

• /riter Al%ert amus is illed in a car c

• John $ 0enned# is elected president of

&$'$

• "he first laser %eam is demonstrated$

• African=American students stage sit=ins

North arolina$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

22/39

written a%out the Aransas governor who opposeddesegregation$

• Drummer 'hell# -anne opens the clu% ;'hell#!s -anne=Hole;

in +os Angeles$

• 4rnette oleman records ree Jazz$

1961

• Drummer Art *lae#!s Jazz -essengers tour Japan$

• -iles Davis records live at 'an rancisco!s *lac Haw$

• -iles Davis and arranger 8il Evans appear at arnegie Hall$

• "rumpeter Dizz# 8illespie appears at arnegie Hall$

• .ianist "helonious -on tours Europe$

• 4rnette oleman!s avant=garde quartet dis%ands$

• Down *eat magazine prints several articles attacing 4rnette

oleman!s music and the current (free 5azz) music of Johnoltrane and Eric Dolph#$

• "he Newport Jazz estival relocates to New Yor after rioting

in its original location$

• 'a1ophonist 4liver Nelson records *lues and the A%stract

"ruth$

• 2ussian cosmonaut Yuri 8agarin is the

man in space$

• /riter Ernest Hemingwa# dies$

• "he *erlin /all is completed$

• "he %irth=control pill is introduced$

• /riter Joseph Heller!s novel atch=@@ i

pu%lished$

• u%an e1iles attempt to overthrow u%

leader idel astro in the *a# of .igsinvasion$

• John $ 0enned# is inaugerated3 %ecomi

the first atholic .resident$

1962

• 'a1ophonist 'tan 8etz and guitarist harlie *#rd record

Desafinado3 which spars renewed interest in %ossa nova$

• .ianist Her%ie Hancoc records his first al%um as a leader3

"ain! 4ff$

• "rumpeter ootie /illiams re5oins Due Ellington!s %and$

Ellington records an al%um with harles -ingus and drummer-a1 2oach3 and an al%um with John oltrane$

• arnegie Hall hosts a %ossa nova concert$

• 8uitarist Joe .ass maes his first al%um$

• ecil "a#lor records live in openhagen$

• Actress -aril#n -onroe dies$

• /riter /illiam aulner dies$

• "he u%an -issile risis occurs$

• +incoln enter for the .erforming Arts

in New Yor it#$

• "he *eatles %ecome a sensation with th

first single +ove -e Do$

1963

• harles -ingus records "he *lac 'aint and "he 'inner +ad#3 • ivil rights leader -artin +uther 0ing J

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

23/39

a landmar in e1tended structure and free improvisation$

• *ill Evans records onversations with -#self3 which uses

overdu%%ing$

• -iles Davis performs and records with his new group with

Her%ie Hancoc3 sa1ophonist 8eorge oleman3 %assist 2onarter3 and 6=#ear=old drummer "on# /illiams$

• ount *asie tours Japan$

• "rumpeter +ee -organ records the %est=selling "he

'idewinder$

• Astrud 8il%erto!s 8irl from 9panema %ecomes a huge hit

featuring 'tan 8etz$

addresses a rall# in /ashington3 D$$

• "welve=#ear=old singer 'tevie /onder

releases his first al%um$

• &$'$ .resident John $ 0enned# is

assassinated$

• +#ndon *$ Johnson %ecomes president

&$'$

• our %lac girls are illed in an Ala%am

church %om%ing$

1964

• "he -iles Davis Iuintet records the classic live al%um -#

unn# ,alentine3 and soon after sa1ophonist /a#ne 'horterreplaces 8eorge oleman$

• larinetist and flutist Eric Dolph# records 4ut "o +unch with

trumpeter reddie Hu%%ard and "on# /illiams$

• .ianist Horace 'ilver records 'ong for -# ather$

• John oltrane records A +ove 'upreme3 which sells hundreds

of thousands of copies$

• *lind multi=instrumentalist 2oland 0ir performs at the

Newport in Europe festival$

• Avant=garde tenor sa1ophonist Al%ert A#ler records the al%um

8hosts$

• 'outh African political activist Nelson

-andela %egins his life sentence$

• omposer ole .orter dies$

• ilmmaer 'tanle# 0u%ric releases Dr

'trangelove$

• "he *eatles appear in A Hard Da#!s Ni

and tour the &$'$ for the first time$

• "he &$'$ ivil 2ights *ill is passed$

• rance and *ritain agree to construct a

hannel "unnel connecting the twocountries$

• "he soldier doll 8$9$ Joe is introduced$

1965

• -iles Davis records E'. with his new quintet$

• .ianist Nat 0ing ole dies of cancer$

• Her%ie Hancoc records -aiden ,o#age3 a classic modal tune3

with the other mem%ers of -iles Davis! group plus trumpeterreddie Hu%%ard$

• "rumpeter "had Jones and drummer -el +ewis form a

rehearsal orchestra that is to last for #ears$

• John oltrane records Ascension3 a free 5azz e1periment

• /riter "$'$ Eliot dies$

• "he &$'$ intensifies its involvement in

,ietnam$

• "he first spacewal occurs$

• "hirt#=four people are illed in +os An

race riots$

• "he film "he 'ound of -usic receives

4scar for *est .icture$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

24/39

influenced %# 4rnette oleman$ • .olitical activist -alcolm L is assassin

1966

• Due Ellington receives the .resident!s 8old -edal of Honor$

• "had Jones and -el +ewis de%ut with their %ig %and at the

,illage ,anguard in New Yor$

• ecil "a#lor records &nit 'tructures3 which is an e1perimental

al%um that resem%les contemporar# classical music$

• "he -iles Davis Iuintet records -iles 'miles3 a historic wor

that e1plores structural freedom$

• 2ace riots %rea out in New Yor3 lev

and hicago$

• ultural 2evolution occurs in hina$

• 'tar "re appears on ",$

• *ar%ara Jordan %ecomes the first Africa

American woman to win a seat in the "'enate$

• 2ise of the ;*lac .ower; movement>

Newton and *o%%# 'eale form the *lac.anthers .art#$

1967

• John oltrane maes his last recordings and dies soon after of

liver disease$

• "he -iles Davis Iuintet records 'orcerer and Nefertiti3

featuring mostl# compositions %# /a#ne 'horter$

• "he Dave *ru%ec Iuarter dis%ands$

• *andleader .aul /hiteman dies$

• "he first -ontreu1 Jazz estival is held in 'witzerland$

• Down *eat announces it will cover roc music as well as 5azz$

• "rumpeter +ester *owie forms the Art Ensem%le of hicago3

an important avant=garde 5azz group$

• Her%ie Hancoc introduces electric piano to popular 5azz in

-iles Davis! group$

• "he first heart=transplant operation is

performed$

• "he 'i1=Da# /ar occurs in the -iddle

• "he Apollo space crew is illed in a

launchpad fire$

• 'inger Aretha ranlin has four top=7

• .resident +#ndon Johnson orders a

commission to report on rising racialviolence$

1968

• ,i%raphonist 8ar# *urton appears at arnegie Hall$

• Her%ie Hancoc records the al%um 'pea +ie a hild with

trumpeter "had Jones and %assist 2on arter$

• Her%ie Hancoc quits the -iles Davis Iuartet$

• 8uitarist /es -ontgomer#3 whose al%um A Da# in the +ife is

the %est selling 5azz al%um of the #ear3 dies$

• -artin +uther 0ing Jr$ is assassinated$

• 'tudents protest in .aris$

• "he &$'$'$2$ invades zechoslovaia$

• .residential candidate 2o%ert 0enned#

assassinated$

• -assive antiwar protests are staged in t

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

25/39

• .ianist hic orea and %assist Dave Holland 5oin -iles

Davis! %and$

• Avant=garde sa1ophonist Anthon# *ra1ton3 a mem%er of the

hicago Association for the Advancement of reative-usicians3 records or Alto 'a1ophone and "hreeompositions of New Jazz$

• omposer arla *le#!s Jazz omposers 4rchestra Association

forms the New -usic Distri%ution 'ervice to disseminate itsrecordings$

&$'$

• 2oc guitarist Jimi Hendri1 soars up th

charts with two al%ums$

• ilmmaer 'tanle# 0u%ric!s @77: A '

4d#sse# is released$

1969

• omposer 8unther 'chuller completes his %oo Earl# Jazz3 the

first critical stud# of the origins of the music$

• *assist .aul ham%ers dies from tu%erculosis$

• -iles Davis records 9n a 'ilent /a#$ +ater in the #ear3 Davis

records *itches *rew3 the first important fusion al%um$

• "on# /illiams forms the group +ifetime with guitarist John

-c+aughlin and organist +arr# Young$

• "he Art Ensem%le of hicago records in .aris$

• oleman Hawins dies of pneumonia$

• Neil Armstrong %ecomes the first man t

on the moon$

• olonel -uammar 8addafi seizes pow

+i%#a$

• 8olda -eir %ecomes .remier of 9srael$

• "he /oodstoc pop music festival is he

New Yor$

• /riter -ario .uzo!s "he 8odfather is

pu%lished$

• "he lotter# s#stem is esta%lished for thedraft$

• 2ichard -$ Ni1on %ecomes president$

Year


1970

• .ianist hic orea records "he 'ong of 'inging3 a successful

e1periment with atonal 5azz$

• hic orea and %assist Dave Holland quit -iles Davis! %and

and form the group ircle$

• .ianist 0eith Jarrett 5oins -iles Davis! group on electric organ$

• *assist harles -ingus and %andleader 'un 2a record in

*erlin$

• 'a1ophonist Jan 8ar%are visits the &$'$

• Artist -ar 2otho dies$

• "he &$'$ arm# enters am%odia$

• 8uitarist Jimi Hendri1 dies from a drug

overdose$

• 'inger Janis Joplin dies from a drug

overdose$

• "he voting age is lowered to $

• 'tudent demonstrators are illed at 0en

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26/39

• .ianist Joshua 2ifin records ragtime composer 'cott Joplin!s

rags$

'tate &niversit# and Jacson 'tate oll

• &$'$ 'upreme ourt case 2oe vs$ /ade

defends women!s right to a%ortion$

• "he /orld "rade enter in New Yor

%ecomes the tallest %uilding in the worl

1971

• 0e#%oardist Joe Cawinul!s and sa1ophonist /a#ne 'horter!s

new fusion group3 /eather 2eport3 records in New Yor$

• 8uitarist John -c+aughlin!s newl# formed -ahavishnu

4rchestra records in New Yor$

• .ianist "helonious -on records in +ondon$

• 'un 2a!s Arestra tours Eg#pt$

• *assist harles -ingus pu%lishes his auto%iograph#3 *eneath

"he &nderdog$

• "rumpeter +ouis Armstrong dies$

• omposer 9gor 'travins# dies$

• "he &$'$ %om%s North ,ietnam$

• ilmmaer 'tanle# 0u%ric!s A loc

4range is %anned in the &0$

• +ouis Armstrong!s death is reported on

front pages of newspapers all over the

1972

• /eather 2eport records 9 'ing the *od# Electric$

• 0e#%oardist hic orea records with his newl# formed fusion

group 2eturn to orever$

• *assist harles -ingus performs at the .hilharmonic Hall in

New Yor$

• Hard %op trumpeter +ee -organ is shot dead %# his former

mistress in New Yor$

• .ianist "helonious -on goes into retirement$

• ree 5azz sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman!s 'ies of America is

performed %# the +ondon '#mphon# 4rchestra$

• "he -ahavishnu 4rchestra records *irds of ire and +ove

Devotion 'urrender$

• *ritish troops ill people in Norther

9reland$

• "he &0 5oins the European Economic

ommunit#$

• "he 'A+" agreement limits &$'$ and

&$'$'$2$ nuclear weapons$

• Eleven 9sraelis are murdered %# Ara%

terrorists in -unich at the 4l#mpics$

•

"he &$'$ maes its final %om%ing of No,ietnam$

• .resident 2ichard Ni1on visits ommu

hina and the &$'$'$2$

• 2eggae star *o% -arle# is signed to 9sl

2ecords and %rings Jamaican music anculture into the mainstream$

• "he first .olaroid cameras go on sale$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

27/39

1973

• 0e#%oardist Her%ie Hancoc records the 5azz=roc (fusion)

al%um Headhunters in 'an rancisco3 the al%um!s sales %reaing all records in 5azz$

•

"he movie "he 'ting features 'cott Joplin!s music3 creating arenewed interest in ragtime$

• "rumpeter Dizz# 8illespie arranges a come%ac appearance for

trumpeter het *aer$

• 8uitarist John -c+aughlin dis%ands the first -ahavishnu

4rchestra$

• "he ,ietnam /ar ends$

• .ainter .a%lo .icasso dies$

• "he /atergate 'candal occurs$

• "he mountain %ie is invented in alifo

1974

• "rumpeter "had Jones and drummer -el +ewis tae their %ig

%and to "o#o$

• "he Ai#oshi="a%acin %ig %and records in +os Angeles$

• "he -odern Jazz Iuartet gives a farewell performance at New

Yor!s +incoln enter$

• .ianist 4scar .eterson visits the 'oviet &nion$

• 'a1ophonist 8rover /ashington Jr$ records his crossover hit

-r$ -agic$

• Due Ellington dies from lung cancer and pneumonia$

• "urish forces invade #prus$

• .att# Hearst3 daughter of newspaper m

/illiam 2andolph Hearst3 is idnapped

• "he ;streaing; craze (running in the n

for shoc and laughs) hits college campand other pu%lic places$

• .resident 2ichard Ni1on resigns$

• 8erald ord %ecomes president$

1975

• 'a1ophonist -ichael *recer and his %rother3 trumpeter

2and#3 record together$

• 2eturn to orever records No -#ster#$

• -iles Davis performs in Japan3 New Yor3 and at the Newport

estival %efore going into retirement$

• 8uitarist .at -ethen# records his first al%um3 *right 'ized

+ife3 with electric %assist Jaco .astorius$

• .ianist *ill Evans records the al%um Alone$

• ourteen=#ear=old trumpet virtuoso /#nton -arsalis performs

with the New 4rleans '#mphon# 4rchestra$

• "he 0hmer 2ouge taes control of

am%odia$

• North ,ietnam invades 'outh ,ietnam$

• ilmmaer 'teven 'piel%erg!s Jaws is

released$

1976

• .ianist Dave *ru%ec!s quartet reunites for an anniversar#

concert$

• "he ,iing space pro%e transmits pictu

from -ars$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

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• .ianist "helonious -on performs for the last time at the

Newport Jazz estival$

• .ianist Her%ie Hancoc records live at Newport with his group3

,'4.$

• 8uitarist John -c+aughlin dis%ands the second -ahavishnu

4rchestra$

• /eather 2eport3 now with electric %ass virtuoso Jaco .astorius3

records its %est selling al%ums *lac -aret and Heav#/eather$

• /riter Ale1 Hale#!s 2oots is pu%lished$

• "he &$'$ cele%rates the %icentennial of

independence with Kth of Jul# festivitie

• .un roc %ecomes popular in *ritain$

• 'cott Joplin is awarded a posthumous

.ulitzer .rize for his contri%utions toAmerican music$

1977

• .ianist Errol 8arner dies$

• Alto sa1ophonist .aul Desmond dies$

• "he /orld 'a1ophone Iuartet is founded$

• Drummer 0enn# lare returns to the &$'$

• -ulti=instrumentalist 2oland 0ir dies$

• .op 5azz group 'p#ro 8#ra records its first al%um$

• "he &$'$ space shuttle maes a test flig

• 'inger Elvis .resle# dies$

• ilmmaer 8eorge +ucas! 'tar /ars is

released$

• Jimm# arter %ecomes president$

1978

• .resident Jimm# arter hosts a 5azz concert at the /hite House

in honor of %assist and composer harles -ingus$

• "he u%an %and3 9raere3 promotes Afro=u%an music in

Europe and the &$'$

• .ianist hic orea records with vi%raphonist 8ar# *urton$

• 0e#%oardist *o% James composes a popular fusion theme for

the ", series "a1i$

• "he .at -ethen# 8roup is formed$

• 2evolution occurs in Afghanistan$

• "he hit film musical 8rease is released$

• "he first video arcade game 'pace 9nva

is a hug hit worldwide$

• "elevision reporter -a1 2o%inson is th

African American to anchor networ ne

1979

• *assist harles -ingus dies in -e1ico$

• 'ue -ingus forms the -ingus D#nast# in honor of her late

hus%and$

• Drummer Jac DeJohnette colla%orates with sa1ophonist

David -urra# on 'pecial Edition$

• -argaret "hatcher %ecomes *ritain!s fi

female prime minister$

• ilmmaer rancis ord oppola!s mov

Apocal#pse Now is released$

• Nuclear disaster occurs at "hree -ile 9s

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

29/39

• .ianist 0eith Jarrett and sa1ophonist Jan 8ar%are record live$

• *andleader 'tan 0enton dies in +os Angeles$

• Dizz# 8illespie pu%lishes his %oo3 "o *e or Not "o *op$

• .ianist *ill Evans maes his final recordings$

• "he first 'on# /alman is introduced$


1980

• 'a1ophonist 8rover /ashington3 Jr$3

records his 8ramm# Award winningal%um3 inelight 3 that includes the hit song

!ust the Two of "s$

• "rumpeter -iles Davis comes out of

retirement and records the fun and roc=influenced The Man with the #orn$

• Eighteen=#ear=old trumpeter /#nton

-arsalis records at -ontreu1 with Art*lae#!s Jazz -essengers$

• .ianist *ill Evans dies in New Yor$

• ormer *eatle John +ennon is

murdered in New Yor it#$

• 73777 u%an refugees come to

the &$'$

• -t$ 't$ Helen!s volcano erupts$

• "he 9ranian hostage crisis %egins$

1981

• .ianist -ar# +ou /illiams dies$

• -iles Davis maes his first live

performance since retirement at Aver#isher Hall in New Yor$

• 'a1ophonist David 'an%orn records the

al%um $o%eur 3 featuring the 8ramm#=winning song &ll ' (ee) is *ou3 composed

%# %assist -arcus -iller$

•'a1ophonist *ranford and trumpeter/#nton -arsalis 5oins Art *lae#!s Jazz-essengers$

• "he &$'$ completes its first

successful space shuttle mission$

• 2ace riots occur in *ri1ton3

+ondon$

• .rince harles marries +ad#

Diana 'pencer$

• .resident Anwar 'adat of Eg#pt

is assassinated$

• .oland declares martial law to

quash trade union ;solidarit#$;

• ormer actor 2onald 2eagan

%ecomes president$

• Assassination attempts are made

on .resident 2eagan and .opeJohn .aul 99$

• 'andra Da# 4!onnor %ecomes

the first female &$'$ 'upreme

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

30/39

ourt Justice$

• "he 9ranian hostage crises ends$

• "he A9D' epidemic %egins$

1982

• .ianist "helonious -on dies$

• 'a1ophonist 'onn# 'titt dies$

• *assist Jaco .astorius leaves /eather

2eport$

• "rumpeter /#nton -arsalis and vocalist

*o%%# -cerrin are featured at the 0oolJazz estival$

• Argentina invades the alland

9slands$ *ritish forces reclaim theallands forcing the surrender of Argentine troops$

• ilmmaer 2ichard Atten%orough

receives eight Academ# Awardsfor the film +han)i$

• ilmmaer 'teven 'piel%erg

receives three Academ# Awardsfor E,T,

• The Message is one of the earliest

rap hits$

1983

• .ianist 0eith Jarrett mae his first

recordings of standards with drummer Jac

DeJohnette and %assist 8ar# .eacoc$

• .ianist Eu%ie *lae dies$

• .ianist Earl Hines dies$

• "rumpeter /#nton -arsalis maes histor#

%# winning a 5azz and classical 8ramm#Award in the same #ear$

• 0e#%oardist Her%ie Hancoc!s s#nthesized

dance hit3 Ro.it 3 reaches num%er one in

the pop charts$

• .ianist 'cott Joplin appears on a &$'$

postage stamp$

• /riter "ennessee /illiams dies$

• "he &$'$ invades 8ranada$

• "he first compact discs are

mareted$

• "he a%%age .atch dolls %ecome

a commercial success$

• "he 'chool .ra#er Amendment is

re5ected %# the &$'$ 'upremeourt$

• Harold /ashington %ecomes the

first *lac ma#or of hicago$

• ,anessa /illiams %ecomes the

first *lac -iss America$

1984

• *andleader and e#%oardist 'un 2a

performs in Athens and is voted into the /own Beat Hall of ame$

• "he first %lac franchise is

granted in 'outh Africa$

• 9ndian .rime -inister 9ndira

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

31/39

• .ianist ount *asie dies in Holl#wood$

• Drummer 'hell# -anne dies$

• -iles Davis records *ou0re "n)er &rrest

%efore leaving olum%ia 2ecords andsigning a seven figure deal with /arner*ros$

8handi is assassinated$

• 2onald 2eagan is elected to his

second term as .resident$

• Apple omputers launches the

first -acintosh$

1985

• Drummer 0enn# lare dies$

• -iles Davis records &ura in Denmar$

• "rumpeter "had Jones taes over the ount

*asie %and$

• *lue Note is relaunched with a concert at

"own Hall with drummer Art *lae#3 %assist 2on arter3 pianist Her%ie Hancoc3trumpeter reddie Hu%%ard3 and others$

• Drummer .hill# Joe Jones dies$

• "rumpeter ootie /illiams dies$

•

.ianist hic orea captures a newaudience with his Eletri *and withelectric %assist John .atitucci and drummer Dave /ecl$

• *ranford -arsalis tours with pop artist

'ting$

• 'inger and promoter *o%

8eldof!s charit# concert ;+iveAid; reaches a glo%al audience$

• "he sunen cruise ship The

Titani is located$

• A new3 sweeter oca=ola is

introduced %ut oca=ola goes %ac to the original recipe due to poor sales$

1986

• /#nton -arsalis records Stan)ar) Time3

esta%lishing his reputation as atraditionalist$

• Jazz=pop musician 0enn# 8 has a hit with

Songbir),

• Jazz education and outreach organization

Thelonious Mon. 'nstitute of !azz esta%lished in memor# of the 5azz legend$

• "he film 1Roun) Mi)night is released3

starring sa1ophonist De1ter 8ordon as acharacter loosel# %ased on pianist *ud.owell> Her%ie Hancoc wins Academ#Award for original score$

• "he &$'$ space shuttle

Challenger e1plodes on launch$

• "he &$'$ %om%s +i%#a from a

*ritish air %ase$

• ilmmaer 4liver 'tone!s

Platoon receives an Academ#Award$

• "he 9ran=ontra 'candal %ecomes

pu%lic$

• "he &$'$ 'upreme ourt upholds

affirmative=action hiring quotas$

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32/39

• Jazz legend *enn# 8oodman dies$

1987

•

Electric %assist Jaco .astorius dies3 %eat up %# a %ouncer in a 'outh lorida %ar$

• ree 5azz sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman

reunites his original quartet$

• 'a1ophonist -ichael *recer releases his

first solo al%um$

• A %ig %and is formed to cele%rate trumpeter

Dizz# 8illespie!s seventieth %irthda#$

• -a5or record la%els %egin massive reissuesof classic 5azz recordings on D3 reflectingthe renewed interest in %e%op and hard %op$

• Classial !azz2 +incoln enter!s first

concert series devoted e1clusivel# to 5azz3 %egins in Alice "ull# Hall$

•

Artist And# /arhol dies$

• "he stoc maret crashes$

• E1=Nazi deput# 2udolf Hess

commits suicide in a *erlin prison$

• .resident 2onald 2eagan and

'oviet leader -ihail 8or%achevsign the first treat# to reducenuclear arms$

• .op vocalist /hitne# Houston

%ecomes the first female artist tohave an al%um go straight tonum%er one on the *ill%oardcharts$

1988

• Arranger 8il Evans dies in -e1ico$

• "rumpeter het *aer dies in m#steriouscircumstances in Amsterdam$

• .ianist 0eith Jarrett is nominated for a

8ramm# for his recording of music %#composer J$'$ *ach$

• Actor lint Eastwood directs Bir) 3 a

%iographical dramatization of the life ofharlie .arer$

• A 5um%o 5et e1plodes over

+ocer%ie3 'cotland$

• American ", evangelist Jim

*aer is forced to resign afteradmitting to an affair$

• "he antidepressant drug .rozac is

launched$

1989• "rumpeter 2o# Eldridge dies$

• "rumpeter /ood# 'haw dies$

• Nineteen=#ear=old trumpeter 2o# Hargrove

records /iamon) in the Rough$

• John Corn records the post=modern al%um

(a.e) Cit%$

• "rumpeter and producer Iuinc# Jones

records Ba. on the Blo. with a wide

• Artist 'alvador Dali dies$

• "he *erlin /all is opened$

• .rotesters are massacred at

"iananmen 'quare in *ei5ing3hina$

• /riter 'alman 2ushdie is

sentenced to death in 9ran forwriting his novel The Satani

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

33/39

variet# of genres from %op to rap$

• -iles Davis records &man)la$

$erses$

• "he &$'$ invades .anama$

• "he E11on ,aldez oil spilloccurs$

• 8eorge H$ *ush %ecomes

president$


1990

• Drummer -el +ewis dies$

• ,ocalist 'arah ,aughan dies$

• 'a1ophonist De1ter 8ordon dies$

• Drummer Art *lae# dies$

• "rumpeter -iles Davis pu%lishes his

controversial auto%iograph# Miles: The &utobiograph% (co=authored %# Iuinc# "roupe)$

• "he 8ulf /ar %egins$

• "he /arsaw .act collapses$

• "he 'oviet &nion falls$

• omposer +eonard

*ernstein dies$

1991

• 'a1ophonist 'tan 8etz dies$

• -iles Davis appears at the -ontreu1 Jazz

estival with Iuinc# Jones3 performing earl#wor with arranger 8il Evans$

• -iles Davis dies in alifornia$

• &pon winning "helonious -on 9nstitute

9nternational Jazz 'a1ophone ompetition3

Joshua 2edman signs with /arner *ros$2ecords$

• New Yor!s +incoln enter esta%lishes 5azz

division !azz at Linoln Center3 /#nton-arsails named Artistic Director$

• hildren!s %oo writer Dr$

'euss dies$

• "he "ailhoo scandal

occurs$

• "he 8ulf /ar ends$

1992

• -iles Davis! final al%um3 /oo-Bop3 which

features rap3 is released$

•

'a1ophonist *ranford -arsalis %ecomes the %andleader on The Tonight Show with !a% Leno3

• 2ace riots %rea out in +os

Angeles$

•

Author "err# -c-illan pu%lishes the hit novel

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

34/39

with a group that includes pianist 0enn#0irland3 %assist *o% Hurst3 and drummer Jeff/atts$

• Hip hop group &' has a hit with a song thatsamples Her%ie Hancoc!s Cantaloupe 'slan) $

• .ianist Her%ie Hancoc3 sa1ophonist /a#ne

'horter3 %assist 2on arter3 drummer "on#/illiams and trumpeter /allace 2one# tour in atri%ute to -iles Davis$

aiting to E4hale$

• -ae Jemison %ecomes the

first African American

woman astronaut$

• arol -osele#=*raun

%ecomes the first AfricanAmerican woman elected tothe &$'$ 'enate$

1993

• *andleader 'un 2a dies$

•'a1ophonist Joe Henderson receives criticalacclaim for his -iles Davis tri%ute al%um So

(ear2 So 5ar 6Musings for Miles7,

• .ianist hic orea!s Eletri *and is refused

permission to perform in 8erman# %ecause oforea! s mem%ership in the controversial hurchof 'cientolog#$

• 'a1ophonist Jan 8ar%are has commercial

success with his al%um 8ffiium$

• 'a1ophonist Joshua 2edman records two al%umsand esta%lishes himself as the top star in the#oung lionO 5azz scene$

• Dizzie 8illespie dies of pancreatic cancer$

• 'outh African .rime

-inister $/$ de 0ler and political activist Nelson-andela win No%el .eace.rize$

• .oet -a#a Angelou delivers

a poem for the inaugurationof .resident linton$

• /riter "oni -orrison wins

the No%el .rize forliterature$

•

*ill linton %ecomes president$

1994

• 8uitarist Joe .ass dies$

• "rumpeter 2ed 2odne# dies$

• & Tribute to Miles3 featuring the -iles Davistri%ute %and3 wins a 8ramm# Award$

• 'outh Africa has its first

multi=racial election$

• .aula Jones files a suit for

se1ual harassment against.resident *ill linton$

1995

• "rumpeter 2o# Hargrove ousts "rumpeter

/#nton -arsalis in the /own Beat critic polls$

• ilm director 2o%ert Altman!s film3 Kansas Cit%3

is released3 featuring a reenactment of a B7!s 5am session with pianist 8eri Allen3 sa1ophonistJoshua 2edman3 %assist hristian -c*ride3

sa1ophonist James arter3 and others$

• ormer foot%all star 4$J$

'impson is on trial formurder$

• ivil unrest occurs in

former hechn#a$

• 4lahoma it# ederal

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

35/39

• "he 9mpulse record la%el is revived after @

#ears$

• Drummer "on# /illiams dies$

%uilding is %om%ed$

• Nation of 9slam leader

+ouis arrahan organizes

the -illion -an -arch in/ashington3 D$$

1996

• 0enn# 8arrett releases Pursuane: The Musi of

!ohn Coltrane3 with .at -ethen#$

• "helonious -on 9nstitute produces ;A

ele%ration of America!s -usic; on A* ",3 thefirst networ television special devoted to 5azz inover @? #ears$

• Jazz at +incoln enter %ecomes full constituent

of +incoln enter3 equal in stature with the tenother organizations on campus including the NY.hilharmonic3 -etropolitan 4pera3 and NY*allet$

• A %om% is set off at the

4l#mpic games in Atlanta$

1997

• /a#ne 'horter wins a 8ramm# Award for his

electric 5azz al%um #igh Life$

• 'a1ophonist Joshua 2edman3 %assist hristian

-c*ride3 and drummer *rian *lade tour as atrio$

• A P@6 million 5azz museum opens in 0ansas

it#$

• 8roup suicide occurs

among religious cultHeaven!s 8ate mem%ers inalifornia$

• ormer .rincess of /ales

+ad# Diana dies in a caraccident$

• "he first successful clone

(Doll#3 a sheep) occurs$

1998

• 8uitarist .at -ethen# and %assist harlie Haden

win 8ramm# Awards for their duet al%um

Be%on) the Missouri S.%$

• 8uitarist 0evin Eu%ans replaces *ranford

-arsalis as the %andleader on The Tonight Showwith !a% Leno$

• .resident linton is

impeached$

• 8oogle 9nternet search

engine esta%lished$

1999

• "rumpeter Art armer dies$

• ,i%raphonist -ilt Jacson dies$

• 'inger Joe /illiams dies$

• .resident linton is

acquitted on impeachmentcharges after a 'enate trial$

•

ifteen high school studentsare shot dead %# two

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

36/39

• "rumpeter +ester *owie dies$ students at olum%ine High'chool in olorado$


2000

• "rumpeter Dave Douglas and vocalist Diana 0rall rise

in popularit#$

• *assist Dave Holland tours with a group featuring

sa1ophonist hris .otter$

• New 5azz=related genre3 ;5am %ands3; rises in popularit#$

• ,iolence erupts in 9srael$

• "he &$'$ .residential election results are dela

due to confusion a%out votes in lorida$

2001

• B=hour3 7=part documentar# !azz directed %# 0en

*urns is presented on .*' and released on D,D$

• amed Juilliard 'chool esta%lishes degree program in

5azz studies$

• Dave *ru%ec!s alma mater3 the &niversit# of the

.acific3 launches the *ru%ec 9nstitute$

• "helonious -on Jr$ esta%lishes independent record

la%el Thelonious Reor)s,

• Jazz greats Joe Henderson3 John +ewis3 J$J$ Johnson3

*ill# Higgins3 and "omm# lanagan die$

• 8eorge /$ *ush %ecomes president$

• "he /orld "rade enter in New Yor and the

.entagon in /ashington3 D$$ are rammed %#hi5aced 5etliners in the worst terror attac onsoil> over 3777 illed$

• &$'$ and *ritain attac targets in Afghanistan

"ali%an government refuses to hand over terromastermind 4sama %in +aden> "ali%an regimetopples %ut %in +aden remains at large$

• Apple omputer introduces the iPo),

• 9M satellite radio %egins service$

2002

• /a#ne 'horter tours and records with his new acoustic

quartet$

• Dave Holland forms criticall# acclaimed %ig %and$

• +os Angeles .hilharmonic esta%lishes reative hair

for Jazz> vocalist Dianne 2eeves accepts firstappointment$

• "he faces of 5azz icons Due Ellington3 'idne# *echet3

+ouis Armstong3 and Ella itzgerald are placed onrench postage stamps$

• "om +ord pu%lishes comprehensive 5azz discograph#

containing

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

37/39

5azz divisions3 effecting a rise in the num%er ofindependent 5azz la%els$

• Jazz legends +ionel Hampton3 .egg# +ee3 2a# *rown3

and 2osemar# loone# die$

2003

• *lue Note recording artist Norah Jones wins 8ramm#

Awards including Al%um of the Year$

• +ouis Armstrong!s Iueens3 NY home opens as a 5azz

museum3 educational resource3 and historical landmar$

• New development in 5azz3 ;5azztronica; (com%ining

improvisation3 B7!s fusion era groove3 and studio

electronics) arrives on the scene$

• 2esurgence of interest in 5azz vocals and pre=roc

standards$

• Jazz legend *enn# arter dies$

• 'pace shuttle Columbia e1plodes upon reentr#

Earth!s atmosphere3 illing all seven astronaut %oard$

• &$'$ and *ritain wage war against 9raq$

• .resident *ush signs P?7 %illion ta1=cut %ill$

• ormer .resident of 9raq 'addam Hussein capin "irit %# &$'$ Kth 9nfantr# Division$

• Apple omputer launches digital media pla#e

application and online music service iTunes,

• D,Ds replace ,2s as the common standard

video stores$

2004

• Jazz at +incoln enter opens rederic .$ 2ose Hall3 the

first=ever performance3 education3 and %roadcast facilit#devoted e1clusivel# to 5azz$

• As ma5or record la%les continue to minif# or eliminate

their 5azz divisions3 more and more 5azz artists recordand release their own Ds on the 9nternet via suchorganizations as Artist'hare$

• Jam %and *ad .lus rises in popularit#$

• NEA increases num%er of Jazz -asters honored each

#ear from to < and honorarium from P@73777 to

P@?3777$

• Jazz legends Elvin Jones and 9llinois Jacquet die$

• 'overeignt# returned to an interim governmen

9raq> &$'$ maintains appro1imatel# ?3777 tr there to fight growing insurgenc#$

• "wo -ars e1ploration ro%otic rovers successf

reach the surface of the red planet and send dedata and images of its landscape %ac to Earth$

• "sunami causes devastation in 'ri +ana3 9ndi

9ndonesia3 "hailand3 -ala#sia3 and the -aldivilling appro1imatel# 773777 and promptinglargest humanitarian response for a natural disin histor#$

• 9nternet usage surpasses ", viewing$

• ,ideogame industr# profits surpass movie

industr#!s$

2005

• B?6 recording of the "helonious -on Iuartet with

John oltrane discoved and released on *lue Note$

• Jazz D,Ds enter maret$

• New 4rleans native sons Harr# onnic Jr$ and /#nton

• "errorists %om% pu%lic transport s#stem in +o

and marets in New Delhi$

• Hurricane 0atrina causes catastrophic damage

-ississippi and +ouisiana> 7Q of New 4rleaflooded> over 3K77 illed> all levels of &$'$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

38/39

-arsalis (and others) organize telethons3 concerts3 etc$to help Hurricane 0atrina vicitims> despite dar da#s3

5azz contiunes to flourish in New 4rleans$

•

Her%ie Hancoc3 /a#ne 'horter3 Nnenna reeelon3 and -on 9nstitute ellows tour ,ietnam on %ehalf of the&$'$ 'tate Department3 commemorating 7thanniversar# of normalization of &$'$=,ietnamdiplomatic relations$

• Jazz legend .erc# Heath dies$

government criticized for dela#ed and inadequresponse$

• Earthquae in 0ashmir ills 73777$

• 9sraeli government enacts unilateral disengage

plan3 removing 9sraeli settlements from 8aza$

• .ope John .aul 99 dies at age K and is succee

.ope *enedict L,9$

• ell phone carriers add video viewing3 interne

music downloading services$

2006

• "on# *ennett3 hic orea and the late 2a# *arretto arenamed NEA Jazz -asters$

• Jazz legends /alter *ooer and Anita 4Da# die$

• oretta 'cott 0ing3 ivil 2ights activist and wDr$ -artin +uther 0ing Jr$3 dies at 6$

• ormer 9raqui .resident 'addam Hussein and

his senior allies are sentenced to death %# hanafter an 9raqi court finds them guilt# of crimesagainst humanit#$

• 8oogle %u#s You"u%e for P$

8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000

39/39

first 5azz al%um in K #ears to do so$

• -iguel Cenon and Ale1 2oss win John D$ and atherine

"$ -acArthur oundation 8enius ellowships$

• 8eri Allen was awarded a 8uggenheim fellowship for

music composition$

• Dave *ru%ec and Iuinc# Jones are inducted into the

alifornia -useums alifornia Hall of ame$

• ,oter turnout is the highest in at least K7 #ears

2009

• Jazz musician Due Ellington has %ecome the first

*lac American to %e prominentl# featured on a &$'$coin in circulation with the release of a quarter honoring

the District of olum%ia$

• 0oo "a#lor3 %lues singer3 dies$

• *arac 4%ama is inaugurated as the KKth3 and

African=American president of the &$'$

• "he out%rea of the #

Documents

Jazz Timeline 1900-2000