Jefferson: A Man of Contradictions

Jefferson: A Man of Contradictions

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Key Themes of 19th Century

• Western Expansion• Who are “The People” of the United States?• Industrialization & Urbanization• Sectionalism & Regionalism

U.S. in 1800 vs. U.S. in 1900

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Party Politics in 1800

• Federalists vs. Democrat-Republicans

• Roots in Federalists & Anti-Federalists of 1780s

• Jefferson = First Democrat-Republican president

• Affiliation reflected in fashion

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What is a Republic?• Society governed by free & equal citizens• Ownership of land or means of production

symbolized potential to be an independent member of the republic

Jefferson & Land

• Idealized the yeoman farmer

• Assumed Indians were “on the verge of disappearing”

• Rival conceptions of property ownership and property usage with Indians

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Republican Motherhood

• Excluded from political membership & citizenship

• New definition of womanhood for white, literate, middle-class and elite women

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Contradiction # 1: Life of Wealth vs. Philosophy of Humility

• Southern slaveholder & aristocrat from Virginia

• Battled Northern Federalists to shape the nation

• Fiercely supportive of France

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Monticello

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Sally Hemings

• “Monticellan Sally”

• Half sister of Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson

• Never freed in Jefferson’s lifetime

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Documents

Jefferson: A Man of Contradictions