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Stars Vocabulary Miscellaneous

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TimeSpectra

By measuring the red-shifts of the most distant galaxies, it is possible to calculate the

a. Doppler shifts b. apparent magnitudes c. absolute magnitudes d. expansion rate of long ago

Expansion rate of long ago

The diagram above shows a standard spectrum compared to that of a distant

star. From this figure, what can you conclude about this stars motion relative

to Earth?

The star is moving away from earth (red shift)

A solid, opaque object can be heated to different temperatures. What

happens to the luminosity and wavelength of the light emitted by

this object as the temperature increases?

Brighter and shorter wavelength

What type of spectra does an

incandescent light have compared to

Helium gas?

Incandescent – continuous spectrum

Helium gas- emission line spectrum

How far does a radio wave travel in 6 minutes? (speed of

light 3 x 108 m/s).

D = s x t

(3 x 108)(3.6x 102)

10.8 x 1010

1.08 x 1011 m

Why is star C brighter than star D?

C is hotter

Why is star B brighter than Star A?

Star B (main sequence) is larger

The fusion of hydrogen to helium occurs in what type

of stars?

Main sequence stars like the sun

As time goes on, what will happen to the ratio of Hydrogen to Helium

in this star?

Helium increase as hydrogen decrease

The sun is in equilibrium meaning it neither shrinks nor grows, this is due to a balance between what two

features?

Gravity and gas pressure

•An astronomer uses a telescope to observe a star. The color of the star indicates that it has a size and surface temperature similar to that of the Sun. Using this information, the astronomer can conclude that the star

1.is older than the Sun.2.will survive for several billion years.3.is moving very quickly away from Earth.4.has a mass similar to the mass of Jupiter.

Will survive several billion

years

How long will a star with the same

mass as the sun stay on the main

sequence?

10 billion years

According to Big bang, age of universe is

calculated to be about how old?

13-14 billion years

As mass increases, what happens to the life span of a star?

As mass increases, stars do not live as long

About how long would a star with a mass 1.5 times that of

the sun live?

5 billion years

Theory that states universe began as

pure energy

Big Bang

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The group our milky way galaxy

belongs to

Local Group

Used to measure the distance of stars

within 1,000 light years of earth

Parallex

You look at two stars in the night sky and notice one appears brighter. What

property or characteristic of the star is this?

Apparent magnitude

Evidence suggests the universe contains a

great amount of ___________matter

Dark matter

How long after Big Bang did it take universe to cool to

109oC?

3 minutes

Heaviest element formed in core of a

star?

iron

According to recent observations, what is

occurring to the rate of expansion of universe?

Rate of expansion is speeding up

If the mass of our sun were reduced by one half of its

current mass, approximately how much longer would it live compared to its current mass?

5 billion years

(15b-10b)

Make your wager

1. What occurs in a main sequence star?

2. What does a main sequence star the size of our sun change to after this process ends?

1. Hydrogen fuses to Helium

2. Red giant