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jflif{s k|utL k|lta]bg u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd
aemf+· cf=j= )&#÷)&$
u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if, lhNnf OsfO{ sfof{no, aemf+u
r}gk'/ ahf/ -laut_
r}gk'/ ahf/ -at{dfg_
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$
laifo ;"rL
!= lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro !
!=!= :yfgLo ;+/rgf cg';f/lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro !
@= u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] kl/ro tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjgsf cfwf/ @
@=! kl/ro @
@=@ nIo tyf p2]Zo @
@=# sf]ifsf cfwf/e't l;4fGtx? @
@=$ sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf cfwf/:tDe @
@=% sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf nlIft 3/w'/L #
#= aemf·df u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd #
$= ;xof]uL ;+:yf $
%= sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf la:t[t ljj/0f *
%=! ;fdflhs kl/rfng *
%=@ cfocfh{g !@
%=# 3'DtL sf]ifsf] l:ylt !#
%=$ ;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf; !$
%=^ Ifdtf ljsf; !&
%=^=! ;xof]uL ;+:yf tyf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] Ifdtf ljsf; !&
%=^=@ ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf bLuf]kgf !*
^= ;fd'bflos ;+:yf ;+hfn -g]6js{_ !(
&= cg'udg, d"Nof+sg tyf kf/blif{tf !(
*= ;fdflhs k'g d'Nofsg kl/0ffd @!
(= ks]6 If]q ljsf; sfo{qmd @!
!)= ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{ @@
!!= lhNnfdf b]lvPsf ;+efJotfx¿ @#
!@= sf]ifsf] ;xof]udf lhNnfdf ;+rflnt sfo{qmdaf6 b]lvPsf s]lx ;s/fTds
k|efjx¿ @$
!#= l;sfO{ tyf r'gf}ltx¿ @%
!$= cfufdL of]hgf @^
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$
tflnsfsf] ;'rL
tflnsf g+=!M cf=j=@)&@.&# ;Dd sfo{/t ;xof]uL ;+:yf / sfo{If]q -;fljssf uf=lj=;=x?_ $
tflnsf g+=@M sfo{/t ;xof]uL ;+:yf / sfo{If]q -;fljssf uf=lj=;= tyf :yfgLo txx?_ %
tflnsf g+=#M ;xof]uL ;+:yf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf /sdsf] ;f/f+z laj/0f *
tflnsf g+=$M ;xof]uL ;+:yf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf / pk kl/of]hgfsf] ljj/0f -xfn;Dd_ (
tflnsf g+=%M ;xof]uL ;+:yf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf / pk kl/of]hgfsf] ljj/0f -@)&#.&$_!)
tflnsf g+=^M aemf+u lhNnfdf xfn;Dd ePsf] sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;f/f+z laj/0f !)
tflnsf g+=&M cfocfh{g lqmofsnfk cGtu{t nufgL ePsf laleGg If]qx?sf] laj/0f !#
tflnsf g+=*M nufgL If]qsf] cfwf/df ;fd'bflos ef}lts k'jf{wf/ lqmofsnfk !% !%
tflnsf g+=(M ;d'bfo :t/df ;+rfng ePsf Ifdtf lasf;sf tflnd !*
tflnsf g+=!)M ;xof]uL ;+:yf tyf ;d'bfo :t/df ;+rfng ePsf Ifdtf lasf;sf tflnd !*
tflnsf g+=!!M ks]6 If]q ljsf; sfo{qmsf] laj/0f @@
cg';"rL
cg';"rL ! M ;kmntfsf syfx?
cg';"rL @ M ;fljssf uf=lj=;= cg';f/ btf{ ePsf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] ;+Vof tyf ;Demf}tf
ePsf pk kl/of]hgfx?sf] ljj/0f
cg';"rL # M :yfgLo tx / u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd
cg';"rL $ M ks]6 If]q ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;f/f+z ljj/0f
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 3
jflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg
u/LjL lgjf/0f sf]if sfo{qmd, aemfË
cfj @)&#÷)&$
!= lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro
aemfË lhNnf ;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf] Ps ljsf;sf]
d'nwf/af6 kl5 k/]sf] ;]tL c~rnsf] Ps kxf8L
lhNnf xf] . aemfË lhNnfsf] k"j{df afh'/f / x'Dnf
lhNnf, klZrddf a}t8L / bfr'{nf lhNnf pQ/df
x'Dnf lhNnf / lrgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAat,
blIf0fdf a}t8L / 8f]6L lhNnf kb{5 . lhNnfsf]
s'n If]qkmn #$@@ ju{ lsnf]ld6/ 5 eg] @ j6f
;+;bLo lgjf{rg If]q, !! j6f Onfsf, ! j6f
gu/kflnsf / $& j6f uf=lj=;= /x]sf5g\ /
s]Gb|Lo tYof+s ljefun] b]znfO{ u/LaLsf cfwf/df
u/]sf] jlu{s/0fdf &# cf}+ :yfgdf aemfË lhNnf
/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] la=;= @)^* sf]]
/fli6«o hgu0fgf cg';f/ aemfË lhNnfsf] s'n
hg;+Vof s'n !(%,!%( dWo] dlxnfsf] !)@,#^%
-%@Ü_ tyf k'?ifsf] (@,&($ -$*Ü_ /x]sf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf hDdf ##,&*^ 3/w'/Lx? /x]sf 5g\ .
s'n hg;+Vofdf bz jif{ eGbf sd pd]/sf
hg;+Vof !$ k|ltzt, bz b]vL @% jif{ ;Ddsf]
hg;+Vof #@ k|ltzt / @% jif{ b]lv dfyLsf]
hg;+Vof %$ k|ltzt /x]sf]5 . o; lhNnfsf]
;fIf/tf k|ltzt %%=% /x]sf]df dlxnfsf] ;fIf/tf
k|ltzt hDdf $)=!@Ü dfq /x]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf]
s'n If]qkmnsf] @^*=*# ju{ lsnf]ld6/ s[lifof]Uo
hldg, !)@$=$# ju{ ls=ld= jgIf]q tyf
!(*=^% ju{ ls=ld=r/gIf]q /x]sf]5 .
!=!= :yfgLo ;+/rgf cg';f/lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro
g]kfnsf] ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cg';f/ xfn g]kfnnfO{ laleGg & j6f k|b]zdf laefhg ul/Psf] 5 .
h; cg';f/ aemfË k|b]z g+= & cGtu{t kg]{ Ps kx8L lhNnf xf] . ;fy} ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cg';f/
aemfË lhNnfnfO{ ! j6f ;+3Lo lgjf{rg If]q / @ j6f If]qLo lgjf{rg If]qdf sfod ul/Psf]5 .
xfn o; lhNnfdf !@ j6f :yfgLo txx? /x]sf5g ;fy} ;a} :yfgLo txdf :yfgLo lgjf{rg
;DkGg eO{ :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] :yfkgf ;d]t eO;s]sf]5, h;cg';f/ @ j6f gu/kflnsf, !)
j6f ufpFkflnsf / ($ j6f j8fx? sfod ePsf5g\ .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 4
@= u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] kl/ro tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjgsf cfwf/
@=! kl/ro
ljutsf ljsf; k|of;x?n] vf; u/]/ lg/k]If u/LaLsf] /]vfd"gL /xFb} cfPsf, ljsf;sf] lx;fjn]
kl5 k/]sf hg;+Vofsf] tNnf] txnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf nfeflGjt u/fpg g;s]sf] tYo s;}af6
l5k]sf] 5}g . o;/L kl5 k/]sf] tNnf] txnfO{ nlIft u/]/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ / ;f] k|lqmofdf
ul/a :j+od\nfO{ u/LaL lgjf/0f sfo{qmddf k'0f{ ?kn] ;xefuL tyf ;xofqL agfpg] :ki6 ;f]r
/fvL u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if Pp6f 5"§} lgsfosf] ?kdf, u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if cWofb]z @)^)
cGtu{t g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f :yflkt / xfn u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if P]g, @)^# tyf u/LaL lgjf/0f
sf]if lgodfjnL @)^$ dfkm{t ;~rflnt g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Ps ul/a nlIft sfo{qmd xf] .
sf]ifsf] ;+rfns ;ldtLsf] cWoIf ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqL /xg] / u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nlIft sfo{qmd ePsf] ;d]t ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]if P]g @)^# n] :ki6 kf/]sf]5 .
@=@ nIo tyf p2]Zo
ul/jLsf] b'irqmaf6 lbuf] ?kdf aflx/ Nofpg ul/j ;d'bfonfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ sf]ifsf] nIo
/x]sf]5 . ;fy} g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lb3{sflng nIo cg"?k @) jif{sf] cjlw leq !) k|ltztn]
u/LaL 36fpg ;xof]u ug]{ sf]ifsf] k|d'v p2]Zo /x]sf]5 .
@=# sf]ifsf cfwf/e't l;4fGtx?
sf]ifn] nlIft ;d'bfodf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf cfwf/e't l;4fGtnfO{ cfTdf;y
ug]{ ub{5 .
nlIft ;d'bfo
;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f
kf/blz{tf
dfudf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd
k|ToIf laQLo ;xof]u
;d'bfosf] ;+:yfut ljsf;
@=$ sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf cfwf/:tDe
sf]ifn] nlIft ;d"bfosf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu nlIft ;d"bfos} dfudf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd
;+rfngsf nflu lgDg k|sf/sf sfo{qmdsf cfwf/:tDex? ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 .
;fdflhs kl/rfng÷r]tgf clej[l4÷;zlSts/0f
cfocfh{g÷/f]huf/L >[hgf
;fd'bflos ;fgf ef}lts k'jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd
Ifdtf ljsf;sf sfo{qmd
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 5
dfyL pNn]v ePsf lgodLt sfo{qmdsf cfwf/:tDe afx]s sf]ifn] lgDgfg';f/sf yk tyf
gd"gf sfo{qmdx? klg sfof{Gjog ul//x]sf]5,
cw{;x/L If]qsf] ul/jL lgjf/0f gd"gf sfo{qmd
ks]6 If]q ljsf; gd"gf sfo{qmd
4G4 k|efljtx?sf nflu ahf/Ls/0f cGtu{t k/Dk/fut ;Lkdf cfwfl/t x:tsnf
k|j4{g sfo{qmd
e"sDk k|efljt If]qdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf hLljsf]kfh{g k'gM:yfkgf sfo{qmd, cflb .
@=% sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf nlIft 3/w'/L
laleGg cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf; tyf pknAwtfsf] ;'rssf] cfwf/df sf]ifn] cfkmg}
v]tLkftLsf] pJhgL / lgoldt cfDbfgLn] jif{ lbg;Dd vfg gk'Ug] 3/w'/L -b}lgs Hofnfbf/L
afx]s_ nfO{ dfq s]lGb|t u/L sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ub{5 . h; cg';f/ tn pNn]v ePsf ju{df
k/]sf 3/w'/Lx? dfq sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd ug{ ;Ifd x'g]5g\ .
clt u/Lj M # dlxgf jf ;f] eGbf sd ;Dfo;Ddsf nflu dfq vfg k'Ug] 3/w'/L
dWod u/Lj M # b]lv ^ dlxgf ;Ddsf nflu vfg k'Ug] 3/w'/L
Uf/Lj M ^ b]lv a9L / !@ dlxgf eGbf sd ;do ;Ddsf nflu vfg k'Ug] 3/w'/L
#= aemf·df u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd
aemfË lhNnfsf] r/d u/LaLnfO{ sd
ug]{ p2]Zo cg'?k u/LaL lgjf/0f
sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd cfly{s jif{ @)^@.)^#
b]vL o; lhNnfdf z'? ePsf] xf] .
cfly{s jif{ @)&@.)&# ;Dddf u/LaL
lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd ;fljssf ;a},
Ps gu/fkflnsf / $& j6f uf=lj=;=
x?df k'u]sf]5 eg] ;+3Lo ;+rgf cg';f/
lhNnf ljefhg eokZrft xfn @ j6f
gu/kflnsf / !) j6f ufpFkflnsfdf
sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjgdf /x]sf]5 .
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;xhLs/0f, ;fdflhs
kl/rfng tyf k|fljlws ;xof]usf] nflu
k|lt:kwf{sf cfwf/df 5gf}6 ePsf
:yfgLo tyf /fli6«o :t/sf !) j6f
u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?n] ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf]
e'ldsfdf o; lhNnfdf sfo{ ul//x]sf]df
jflif{s sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf]
cfwf/df d"Nof+sgdf clt sd c+s k|fKt # j6f ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?;Fu lg/Gt/ ;Demf}tf gu/L
cf= j= @)&#.)&$ b]vL & j6f ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?;Fu dfq sf]ifn] ;Demf}tf gljs/0f u/L pQm
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 6
;+:yfx?sf] ;fdflhs kl/rfng tyf k|fljlws ;xof]udf ;d'bfosf] dfudf cfwfl/t laleGg
cfo cfh{g, Ifdtf ljsf; tyf ;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf pk kl/of]hgfx? ;+rfng tyf
sfof{Gjog ul//x]sf]5 .
$= ;xof]uL ;+:yf
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ :yfgLo lgsfo, cGo ;]jf k|bfos k|fOe]6 lgsfox¿
;d]t sf]ifsf ;+efJo ;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿ x'g ;Sg] sf]ifsf] k|fawfg /x]sf] 5 . lo ;xof]uL
;+:yfx¿sf] sfd ;d'bfo kl/rfng, ;xhLs/0f, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿sf] Ifdtf ljsf;df
;xof]u k'/\ofpg'sf] cnjf ;fd'bflos cfof]hgfsf] klxrfg, of]hgf th'{df, sfof{Gjog, lgdf{0f
tyf ;+rfng / dd{t ;+ef/df ;xof]u k'/\ofpg' xf] .
o; lhNnfdf sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd cfly{s jif{ @)^@.)^# af6 z'?jft ePsf] xf] . ;d'bfodf
;fdflhs kl/rfng, ;xhLs/0f, k|fljlws ;xof]u, cg'udg cflb h:tf sfo{ ug{sf nflu
/fli6«o tyf :yfgLo u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ sf]ifn] k|lt:kwf{sf] cfwf/df 5gf}6 u/L ;xof]uL
;+:yfsf ?kdf lnO{ ;d'bfodf laleGg lqmofsnfk ul//x]sf]5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)&@.)&# sf] ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?sf] jflif{s sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df
sf]ifsf] ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] ?kdf sfo{ ul//x]sf ;fljssf !) j6f ;xof]uL ;+:yfx? dWo]
d"Nof+gdf ;a} eGbf sd c+s k|fKt u/]sf # j6f ;xof]uL ;+:yfx? -blnt pTyfg o'jf ;dfh,
xl/hg ;fd'bflos ljsf; s]Gb| / u|fdL0f ;dfh ;jnLs/0fsf nflu ;dfj]zL ;d'x_ nfO{
cfly{s jif{ @)&#.)&$ sf nflu ;Demf}tf gljs/0f gu/L pQm ;+:yfx?n] sfo{ u/L/x]sf
sfo{If]qnfO{ cGo ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?nfO{ sfo{ef/ ykL a/a'emf/y ;d]t ul/;lsPsf]5 . h;n]
ubf{ xfn sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu & j6f ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?;Fu dfq sf]ifn]
;Demf}tf u/L ;fdflhs kl/rfng / k|fljws ;xof]udf ;xhLs/0f ul//x]sf]5 .
tflnsf g+= ! M cf=j= @)&@.&# ;Dd sfo{/t ;xof]uL ;+:yf / sfo{If]q -;fljssf uf=lj=;=x?_
qm=
;+= ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] gfd sfo{/t uf=lj=;= s}lkmot
!= ;k|f]; g]kfn bxau/, b+ufhL, kf/fsf6\g], sf]6e}/a,
sf]O{/fnfsf]6, n'P+6f, l/n', d]nla;f}gf
* uf=la=;=
@= ;fdflhs ljsf; s]Gb| sf+8f, ;'df{, wd]gf, l/7fkf6f, r}gk'/ % uf=la=;=
#= :yflgo lasf; sf]if bf}lnrf}/, di6f, d6]nf, dfn'd]nf, ;'lgsf]6 % uf=la=;=
$= blnt pTyfg o'jf ;dfh eft]vf]nf, x]dGtjf8f, kf6fb]an, sfn'v]tL,
kf}jfu8L
% uf=la=;=
%= blnt u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;dGjo
;ldlt
b]pn]s, :of8L, ;'gs'8f, af+h $ uf=la=;=
^= xl/hg ;fd'bflos lasf; s]Gb| skmn;]/L, b]pnLsf]6, lkknsf]6, lv/ft8L $ uf=la=;=
&= u|fld0f atfa/0f ;'wf/ ;ldlt efdrf}/, df}nfnL, /fon, e}/agfy $ uf=la=;=
*= u|fdL0f ;dfh ;jnLs/0fsf
nflu ;dfj]zL ;d'x
;}gk;]nf, n]suf+p, rf}wf/L, Aof;L $ uf=la=;=
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 7
qm=
;+= ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] gfd sfo{/t uf=lj=;= s}lkmot
(= dfpG6]g len]h 8]enkd]G6 af]8{ bf+tf]nf, u8/fo, s}nfz, sf]6b]an $ uf=la=;=
!)= ;fdflhs k|flalws lasf; ;d'x ;'a]8f, s+8]n, dflem+ufp, nfdftf]nf $ uf=la=;=
tflnsf g+= @ M cf=j= @)&#.&$ kl5 sfo{/t ;xof]uL ;+:yf / sfo{If]q -;fljssf uf=lj=;=
tyf :yfgLo txx?_
l;=g+= ;xof]uL
;+:yfsf] gfd sfo{/t ;fljssf uf=lj=;=x?
xfn sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd ePsf
:yfgLo txx?
1
bnLt
u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;dGjo ;ld
lt r}gk'/ jemfu
skmn;]/L %,^,&,*( a'+un gu/kflnsf *
skmn;]/L !,@,#,$ a'+un gu/kflnsf &
b]pnLsf]6 !,@,# a'+un gu/kflnsf (
b]pnLsf]6 & / * a'+un gu/kflnsf !)
b]pnLsf]6 $,%,^,( a'+un gu/kflnsf !!
jf+em %,^,&,* s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf $
jf+em !,@,#,$,( s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf %
:of+8L ^,&,* ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf !
:of+8L !,#,$ ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf @
:of+8L @,%,( ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf #
b]pn]v @,^,& ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf %
b]pn]v !,#,$,% ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf $
;'gs'8f % b]pn]v * / ( ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf ^
;'gs'8f ^,&,* ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf &
;'gs'8f # /$ ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf *
;'gs'8f !,@,( ljTy8lr/ ufpFkflnsf (
2
;fd
flhs tyf kfljlws ljsf;
;]jf ;d'x
r}gk'/,aemf8=u
dflemufp !,@,#,$,% vKt8 5fGgf ufpFkflnsf #
dflemufp ^,&,*,( vKt8 5fGgf ufpFkflnsf $
nfdftf]nf !( vKt8 5fGgf ufpFkflnsf @
hok[YjL gu/kflnsf !# hok[YjL gu/kflnsf ^
hok[YjL gu/kflnsf !$,!% hok[YjL gu/kflnsf &
s8]n @,&,* 5lj; kfyLe]/f ufpFkflnsf @
s8]n !,#,$,%,^,( 5lj; kfyLe]/f ufpFkflnsf #
Aof;L !,@,$,^ / ( 5lj; kfyLe]/f ufpFkflnsf $
Aof;L #,%,& / * 5lj; kfyLe]/f ufpFkflnsf %
n]sufp !,@,&,*,( 5lj; kfyLe]/f ufpFkflnsf ^
n]sufp #,$,%,^ 5lj; kfyLe]/f ufpFkflnsf &
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 8
l;=g+= ;xof]uL
;+:yfsf] gfd sfo{/t ;fljssf uf=lj=;=x?
xfn sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd ePsf
:yfgLo txx?
3
;k|f];
g]kfn
d]nlj;f}gf !,@,#,$,% tNsf]6 ufpFkflnsf $
d]nlj;f}gf ^,&,*,( tNsf]6 ufpFkflnsf %
l/n' *,( di6f ufpFkflnsf %
l/n'\ %,^,&, di6f ufpFkflnsf ^
l/n' !,@,#,$, di6f ufpFkflnsf &
bxau/ !,@,$,%,( a'+un gu/kflnsf !
bxau/ #,^,&,* a'+un gu/kflnsf @
lv/ft8L $,^,& a'+un gu/kflnsf #
lv/ft8L !,@,* a'+un gu/kflnsf $
lkknsf]6 @
lv/ft8L #,%,( a'+un gu/kflnsf %
b+ufhL !,$,%,& ynf/f ufpFkflnsf !
b+ufhL @,#,^,*,( ynf/f ufpFkflnsf @
kf/fsf6\g] !,^,&,*,( ynf/f ufpFkflnsf #
kf/fsf6\g] @,#,$,% ynf/f ufpFkflnsf $
sf]6e}j !,#,&,*,( ynf/f ufpFkflnsf %
sf]6e}j @,$,%,^ ynf/f ufpFkflnsf ^
sf]O{/fnfsf]6 !,@,#,^ ynf/f ufpFkflnsf &
sf]O{/fnfsf]6 $,%,&,*,( ynf/f ufpFkflnsf *
n'of6f !,@,# hok[YjL gu/kflnsf $
n'of6f $,%,^,&,*,( hok[YjL gu/kflnsf %
4
;fd
flhs ljsf;
s]Gb|, g]kfn
kf6fb]jn ! b]lv ( vKt85fGgf ufpFkflnsf ^
sfn'v]tL ! b]lv ( vKt85fGgf ufpFkflnsf %
l/7fkf6f !,@,#,%,& / ( hok[YaL gu/kflnsf *
l/7fkf6f $,^ / * hok[YaL gu/kflnsf (
r}gk'/ !, @ / # hok[YaL gu/kflnsf !)
r}gk'/ $,%,^,&,*, / ( hok[YaL gu/kflnsf !!
;'df{ !,@,#,$,% / ^ ;'df{ ufpFkflnsf $
;'df{ &,* / ( ;'df{ ufpFkflnsf %
wd]gf !,@,# / $ tnsf]6 ufpFkflnsf #
wd]gf %,^,&,* / ( tnsf]6 ufpFkflnsf @
sf+8f ! / # sf+8f ufpFkflnsf !
sf+8f @ sf+8f ufpFkflnsf @
sf+8f $ / % sf+8f ufpFkflnsf #
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 9
l;=g+= ;xof]uL
;+:yfsf] gfd sfo{/t ;fljssf uf=lj=;=x?
xfn sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd ePsf
:yfgLo txx?
sf+8f ^ / & sf+8f ufpFkflnsf $
sf+8f * / ( sf+8f ufpFkflnsf %
5
dfp
G6]g le
n]h l8
enf]kd]G6 af]8
{ eft]vf]nf 1,6,7,9 di6f ufpFkflnsf $
eft]vf]nf 2,3,4,5,8, di6f ufpFkflnsf #
x]dGtjf*f 7,8 hok[YjL gu/kflnsf @
x]dGtjf*f 1,2,3,4,5,6,9 hok[YjL gu/kflnsf #
s}nfz 1 b]vL 9 hok[YjL gu/kflnsf !
sf]^b]jn 1 b]vL 9 di6f ufpFkflnsf !
u*\/fo 1 b]vL 9 vKt8 ufpFkflnsf &
bftf]nf 3,4,5,6,8,9, tnsf]6 ufpFkflnsf ^
bftf]nf 1,2,7, tnsf]6 ufpFkflnsf &
6
:yfg
Lo ljsf;
sf]if, aemf+u
rf]wf/L,jf8{ g !,@,#,$/ % b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf !
rf]wf/L jf8{ g+ ^,&,*/ ( b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf @
di6f jf8{ g ! b]lv ( di6f ufpFkflnsf @
;'lgsf]6 jf8{ g+ ! b]lv ( tnsf]6 ufpFkflnsf !
dfn'd]nf jf8{ g+ ! b]lv ( ynf/f ufpFkflnsf (
d6]nf jf8{ g ! b]lv ( 5la; kfyLe]/] ufpFkflnsf !
bf]lnrf]/ !,@/ # ;"df{ ufpFkflnsf !
bf]lnrf]/ &,*/ ( ;"df{ ufpFkflnsf @
bf]]lnrf]/ $,%/ ^ ;"df{ ufpFkflnsf #
kf]jfu9L ! b]lv ( vKt8 5fGgf ufpFkflnsf !
hDdf
7
u|fld0f jft
fj/0f ;'wf/ ;ld
tL
/fon !,@,# s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf !
/fon $,%,^ s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf @
/fon &,*,( s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf #
efdrf}/ #,$,^,& s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf ^
efdrf}/ !,@,%,*,( s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf &
e}/jgfy ^,&,*,( s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf *
e}/jgfy !,@,#,$,% s]bf/:o" ufpFkflnsf (
df}nfnL !,@,$ b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf #
df}nfnL #,%,^,&,*,( b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf $
;}gk;]nf !,@,#,$ b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf %
;}gk;]nf &,( b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf ^
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 10
l;=g+= ;xof]uL
;+:yfsf] gfd sfo{/t ;fljssf uf=lj=;=x?
xfn sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd ePsf
:yfgLo txx?
;}gk;]nf %,^,* b'uf{ynL ufpFkflnsf &
kLknsf]6 @ j'un gu/kflnsf $
kLknsf]6 !,#,$,%,^,&,*,( j'un gu/kflnsf ^
hDdf
ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6 cf=j=@)&#.)&$ sf nfuL sfo{If]qdf /x]sf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿sf]
;fdflhs kl/rfng, Ifdtf ljsf;, ;+:yfut lasf;, sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf sfo{qmd tyf pk
cfof]hgfx¿sf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf ;fy} Aoa:yfkg sfo{df ;xof]u ug{sf nfuL & j6f
;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿;Fu ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] lyof] . cf=j=@)&#.)&$ / ;'? b]vL xfn ;Ddsf]
;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿;Fu ePsf] cg'bfg ;Demf}tf /sdsf] laj/0f tn tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf]5 .
tflnsf g+= # M ;xof]uL ;+:yf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf /sdsf] ;f/f+z laj/0f
l;=
g+= ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] gfd
;Demf}tf /sd
cf=j=@)&#.)&$ cfly{s jif{ @)^@.)^#
b]lv xfn ;Ddsf]
;fdflhs kl/rfng
cGtu{t ;xof]uL
;+:yfx?;Fu ePsf]
;Demf}tfsf] s'n /sd
1 u|fld0f atfa/0f ;'wf/ ;ldlt 756,253
2 dfpG6]g len]h 8]enkd]G6 af]8{ 859,196
3 blnt u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;dGjo ;ldlt 731,054
4 :yflgo lasf; sf]if 819,250
5 ;fdflhs k|flalws lasf; ;d'x 945,528
6 ;fdflhs ljsf; s]Gb| 843,263
7 ;k|f]; g]kfn 1,307,410
hDdf ;Demf}tf /sd 6,261,954 133,489,162
u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifn] aemfFË lhNnfdf ;fdflhs kl/rfng -;xof]uL ;+:yf_ tkm{
cf=j=@)&#.)&$ df dfq ?= ^,@^!,(%$ -cIf/]kL a};7\7L nfv Ps;7\7L xhf/ gf} ;o rf}jGg
dfq_ sf] ;Demf}tf u/]sf] 5 eg] sfo{qmd nfu' eP b]lv k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] cf=j=sf] clGtd
;Dd ?= !##,$*(,!^@ -cIf/]kL t]x| s/f]8 rf}FtL; nfv pgfGgAa] xhf/ Ps ;o a};7\7L
dfq_ sf] ;Demf}tf ul/;sf]5 .
%= sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf la:t[t ljj/0f
%=! ;fdflhs kl/rfng
;d"bfodf ;d"bfo dfkm{t pgLx?sf] dfudf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{sf lgldQ klxrfg
ul/Psf u/La, blnt, hghflt, hf]lvddf k/]sf dlxnf tyf clt u/LanfO{ ;xeflUftfTds
?kdf hfu[t x'g] jf u/fpg] k4ltsf] ljsf; ug{sf lgldQ ;fdflhs kl/rfng ug{ ckl/xfo{ 5
. ;fy} ;fdflhs kl/rfng sfo{af6 ;d"bfodf ul/asf ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+u7g ljsf; u/L ltg}
;+:yfx¿sf] dfWodaf6 u/LaL lgjf/0fsf ;Dk'0f{ lqmofsnfkx¿ sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu ;xof]u
k'Ub5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 11
;fdflhs kl/rfng sf]ifsf] rf/ cfwf/
:tDe dWo] Ps / cGo tLg :tDenfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu clt cfjZos /
dxTjk"0f{ :tDe xf] . ;fd'bflos ;+:yf u/LaL
lgjf/0f sf]ifdf btf{ ug]{ k|lqmof / btf{ eP
kZrft ;fdflhs kl/rfngs} dfWod¢f/f
;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿n] cfk;df
5nkmn u/L cfkm\gf] 7fpFdf pknAw >f]t
;fwgsf] klxrfg ub}{ cfkm\gf cfjZstf
kl/k"lt{sf nflu of]hgfx¿ agfpF5g\ . ltg}
of]hgfx? ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] dfWodaf6
sf]ifdf ;Demf}tf k|lqmofsf] nflu k'Ub5g /
sf]ifaf6 cfjZos k|lqmof k'/f eP kZrft
sf]if / ;fd'bflos ;+:yf lar 5gf}6 eO{
of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ;DkGg ul/G5 . o;}}
k|lqmof4f/f cf= j= @)^@÷)^# b]vL xfn
;Dd sf]ifdf btf{ tyf ;+emf}tf eO{
sfof{Gjog eO;s]sf / sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?sf] laj/0f tn tflnsfdf
b]vfOPsf] 5 . xfn;Dd hDdf s'n &!@ j6f;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿ sf]ifdf btf{ eO{;s]sf5g\ .
h;df ^%! j6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf / ^! j6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf ;+hfn (Federate CO) 5g\ .
btf{ ePsf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfaf6 cfo cfh{g tyf ;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf u/L s'n hDdf
*^$ j6f pk kl/of]hgfx? sf]if;Fu ;Demf}tf u/L laleGg lsl;dsf lqmofsnfkx? sfof{Gjog
eO;s]sf jf eO/x]sf5g\ . h;df *)# -%&$ j6f cfo cfh{g / @@( j6f ;fd'bflos ef}lts
k"jf{wf/sf_ pk kl/of]hgf ;fd'bflos ;+:yf cGtu{tsf 5g\ eg] ^! -^ j6f cfo cfh{g / %%
j6f ;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf_ pk kl/of]hgfx¿ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf ;+hfn cGtu{tsf 5g\ .
lhNnfdf ;fdflhs kl/rfng tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u k'/\ofO/x]sf ;xof]uL ;+:yfx? cg';f/
xfn;Dd sf]ifdf btf{ ePsf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx? tyf ;Demf}tf eO{ sfof{Gjog ul/;s]sf /
sfof{Gjogdf ;d]d /lx/x]sf laleGg cfo cfh{g tyf ;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf pk
kl/of]hgfx?sf] laj/0f tn tflnsfdf pNn]v ul/Psf]5 .
tflnsf g+= $ M ;xof]uL ;+:yf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf / pk kl/of]hgfsf] ljj/0f -xfn;Dd_
l;=
g+= ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] gfd
btf{ ePsf
;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] ;+Vof
;Demf}tf ePsf pk kl/of]hgfsf] ;+Vof
cfo
cfh{g
;fd'bflos
ef}lts k"jf{wf/
hDdf
1 blnt u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;dGjo ;ldlt 54 40 17 57
2 ;fdflhs k|flalws lasf; ;d'x 72 70 6 76
3 :yflgo lasf; sf]if 130 120 44 164
4 dfpG6]g len]h 8]enkd]G6 af]8{ 80 69 29 98
5 u|fld0f atfa/0f ;'wf/ ;ldlt 59 55 9 64
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 12
l;=
g+= ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] gfd
btf{ ePsf
;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] ;+Vof
;Demf}tf ePsf pk kl/of]hgfsf] ;+Vof
cfo
cfh{g
;fd'bflos
ef}lts k"jf{wf/
hDdf
6 ;k|f]; g]kfn 174 166 92 258
7 ;fdflhs ljsf; s]Gb| 82 54 32 86
hDdf 651 574 229 803
;fd'bflos ;+:yf ;+hfn (CO Federation) ^! 6 55 61
s'n hDdf 712 580 284 864
o; cf=j= @)&#÷)&$ df !* j6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿ sf]ifdf btf{ eP eg] @) j6f
pkkl/of]hgfx¿ sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;+emf}tf ul/Psf 5g\ . h;df @) j6} cfo cfh{g pk
kl/of]hgfx? ;+u ;DalGwt 5g\ .
tflnsf g+= % M ;xof]uL ;+:yf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf / pk kl/of]hgfsf] ljj/0f -@)&#.&$_
l;=
g+= ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] gfd
btf{ ePsf
;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] ;+Vof
;Demf}tf ePsf pk kl/of]hgfsf] ;+Vof
cfo
cfh{g
;fd'bflos
ef}lts k"jf{wf/
hDdf
1 blnt u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;dGjo ;ldlt 3 3 0 3
2 ;fdflhs k|flalws lasf; ;d'x 0 0 0 0
3 :yflgo lasf; sf]if 2 2 0 2
4 dfpG6]g len]h 8]enkd]G6 af]8{ 1 3 0 3
5 u|fld0f atfa/0f ;'wf/ ;ldlt 4 4 0 4
6 ;k|f]; g]kfn 6 6 0 6
7 ;fdflhs ljsf; s]Gb| 2 2 0 2
hDdf 18 20 0 20
cfly{s jif{ @)&#.)&$ tyf ;'? b]vL xfn;Dd u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if sfo{qmdaf6 aemf+u
lhNnfdf ePsf ef}lts tyf laQLo k|utL, sfo{qmdaf6 k|ToIf nfeflGjt w/w'/L ;+Vof, ln+u,
hfthftL tyf u/LaLsf] auL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df laefhg ul/Psf] ;f/f+z ljj/0f tn tflnsfdf
k|:t't ul/Psf]5 .
tflnsf g+= ^ M aemf+u lhNnfdf xfn;Dd ePsf] sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;f/f+z laj/0f
lzif{s ;+Vof / /sd s}lkmot
;fd'bflos
;+:yf
;fd'bflos
;+:yf u7g
cf=j=)&#÷)&$ xfn ;Ddsf] hDdf ;+Vof /
/sd
;+Vof /sd ;+Vof /sd
18 712
sf]ifdf btf{ 18 651
;f=;++ ;+hfn
tyf ks]6 If]q
ljsf; sfo{qmd
0 61
sf]ifsf] ;D+emf}tf 20 11809140 864 595,183,287 125229297 ;d'bfo of]ubfg
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 13
k"?if
30
k|ltzt
dlxnf
70
k|ltzt
ln+u cg';f/ ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f
Dalit30%
Janajati0%
Bramin8%
Chhetri61%
Others1%
hfthftL cg';f/ ;b:ox?sf] auL{s/0f
Ka72%
Kha24%
Ga4%
Gha0%
ul/a 3/w'/L auL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df
nufgL cfocfh{g tkm{ 20 7,037,122 578 183,234,244 22,456,909 gub of]ubfg
ef}lts k"jf{wf/
tkm{ 0 0 284 273,745,181 102,772,388 lhG;L of]ubfg
ks]6 If]q
sfo{qmd 0 0 2 4,714,700
;xof]uL ;+:yf 7 6,261,954 10 133,489,162
sfo{qmd k'u]sf j8fx? 94 2 gu/kflnsf / 10
ufp+kfnLsf
;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf cfab 3/w'/L k|ltzt ul/a 3/w'/L jlu{s/0f
hDdf 20553 100Ü cfkm\g} pAhgL jf lgoldt cfoaf6
u/LaL
jlu{s/0f
clt u/La -s_ 14,906 72 # ≤ dlxgf vfgk'Ug]
dWod u/La-v_ 4,856 24 ^ ≤ dlxgf vfgk'Ug]
u/La -u_ 791 4 !@ > dlxgf vfgk'Ug]
ln+usf
cfwf/df
Dlxnf 14,419 70
k'?if 6,134 30
hfltut
cfwf/df
blnt 6,221 30
hghflt 28 0.5
cGo -
j|fXd0f÷If]qL,
cflb_
14,305 69.50
sf]ifsf] sfo{qmddf k|ToIf nfeflGjt x'g]
;b:ox?df ln+usf] cfwf/df dlxnf ;b:osf]
k|ltzt &) 5 eg] hfthftLsf] cfwf/df x]bf{
blnt ;b:osf] k|ltzt #) / cGo If]qL tyf
a|ffd0fsf] nfeflGjt 3/w'/L k|ltzt ^(
/x]sf]5 . ;fy} ul/a 3/w'/Lsf] auL{s/0fsf]
cfwf/df # cfkm\gf] lgoldt cfDbfgLaf6 #
dlxgf dfq vfg k'Ug] 3/w'/Lsf] ;+Vof &@
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 14
%=@ cfocfh{g
sf]ifn] cfo cfh{g tyf n3'pBdsf lqmofsnfkx? ;d'bfosf nlIft ju{sf nflu dfq ;+rfng
ul/G5 . sf]ifsf] ;Gbe{df nlIft ju{sf] dfudf cfwf/Lt s[lif tyf u}/ s[lifdf cfwfl/t ljljw
lqmofsnfkx?, :j/f]huf/sf lglDt ;Lk
ljsf;, Jofkf/ tyf ;]jf Joj;fo, n3'
pBd ljsf;, ahf/ Joj:yfkgdf ;xof]u
cflb ;Defljt cfo cfh{g tyf n3'
pBdsf sfo{qmdx? kb{5g\ .
o; lhNnfdf cfocfh{g cGtu{t ljleGg
If]qx¿ h:t} kz'kfng tkm{ afv|fkfng,
e}+;Lkfng, ufO{, uf]?, s'v'/fkfng cflb
5g\ eg] s[lif tkm{ df};dL tyf j]df};dL
t/sf/L pTkfbg, cb'jf, abfddf nufgL
ePsf] b]lvG5 . cGo cfocfh{g tkm{
;'Gtnf v]tL, df}/Lkfng, v'b|f tyf xf]6n
Joj;fo, lgufnf, afF;sf ;fdfu|Lx¿
agfpg] kmnfd tyf tfdfsf] efF8fs'8fx¿
agfpg], l;nfO{s6fO{, ;'grfFbLsf] sfd
cflb k|d'v 5g\ . o;/L cfocfh{gsf
nflu sf]ifaf6 pknAw u/fO{Psf /sdnfO{
;d'bfon] 3'DtL sf]ifsf] ?kdf kl/rfng
ub{5g\ . ul/a ;d'bfodf of] sf]ifsf] /sd
;d'bfosf] ;+o'Qm ;DkQL tyf Ps
cfk;df kfnf] kfnf] nufgL u/]/
3'dfO/xg] ePsf] x'Fbf u/LaL lgjf/0f
sf]ifn] o;nfO{{ 3'DtL sf]ifsf] ?kdf tuf
;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] lapm k'FhLsf] ?kdf
;d]t JofVof u/]sf]5 .
kz'kfng tkm{ w]/}sf] dfu afv|fkfngdf
b]lvG5 . o;sf] sf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmddf
cfa¢ 3/w'/Lx¿ cfkm\gf] hUuf hldg
oft c;fWo} Go"g ePsf of x'Fb} gePsf
ePsf sf/0f pgLx¿sf nflu afv|fkfng
;lhnf] x'g], kmfObf x'Fbf w]/} x'g] / s'g}
sf/0fj; gf]SzfgL eof] eg]klg w]/} 7"nf]
Hofoh]yf u'dfpg gkg]{ ePsf] x'Fbf To;k|lt u/Lax¿sf] cfsif{0f a9]sf] b]lvG5 .
o; cf=j= @)&#÷)&$ tyf sfo{qmd ;'?jft b]vL xfn;Dd cfocfh{g cGtu{t ljleGg If]qdf
ePsf] nufgLnfO{ tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 15
Agriculture and others
8%
Capacity building
9%
Livestock69%
Manufacturing and others
1%
Service Sector
5%Trading
8%
tflnsf g+=& M cfocfh{g lqmofsnfk cGtu{t nufgL ePsf laleGg If]qx?sf] laj/0f
lzif{s cf=j=@)&#÷&$ xfn ;Ddsf] hDdf
cfocfh{sf
ljleGg
If]qdf
ePsf]
nufgL
-?=df_
kz'kfng -Livestock_ 4,883,772 137,443,795
s[lif -Agriculture & Others_ 552,273 15,542,586
pTkfbgd'ns-manufacturuing& Others_ 395,420 4,688,827
Jofkf/ -Trading_ 569,133 16,017,097
;]jf If]q -Service Sector_ 0 9,048,641
Ifdftf ljsf; -Capacity Building) 636,524 8,318,577
s"n hDdf 7,037,122 191,059,523
pNn]lvt If]qx¿ dWo] ;a} eGbf a9L cyf{t
^(Ü kz'kfng Joj;fo tkm{ b]lvG5 To;
kl5 bf]>f]df Jofkf/ / s[lif If]qdf * Ü
nufgL ePsf] 5 . To:t} ;]jf d'ns
lqmofsnfkdf %Ü Ifdtf lasf; tkm{ (Ü 5
eg] ;a} eGbf sd pTkfbg d"ns If]qdf !
k|ltzt b]lvG5 . o;/L kz'kfngdf a9L
nufgL x'g'sf] sf/0f sf]ifsf nlIft ju{ cfkm\g}
hUuf hldg x'Fb} gePsf jf c;fWo} sd
ePsf ePsf] x'Fbf pgLx¿sf] cGo Joj;fodf
TolQ ?rL b]lvb}g . s[lifsf nflu pAhfp hldg / l;+rfO{ b'j} cfjZos x'g] / lt b'j} b]lv
pgLx¿ 6f9f ePsf] x'Fbf s[lifdf sd dfu ePsf] b]lvG5 . csf]{ s'/f kz'kfngdf klg w]/} h;f]
afv|fsf] dfu b]lvG5 . o;n] s] ;+s]t ub{5 eg] afv|f u/Lasf nlfu gf]S;fg x'Fbf sd x'g] /
gfkmf x'Fbf w]/} x'g] x'Fbf klg u/LanfO{ of] Joj;fo ;xh ePsf] xf] . To;sf nflu cfkm\g} w]/}
hUuf hldgsf] klg cfjZos gkg]{ b]lvG5 .
%.# 3'DtL sf]ifsf] l:ylt
;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] bLuf]kgfsf]
k|d'v cfwf/ eg]s} ;fd'bflos
;+:yfnfO{ u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifn]
cg'bfg :j?k pknAw u/fPsf]
3'DtL sf]if xf] . xfn ;Dd hDdf
%&$ j6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf
dfkm{t nueu ?= 165,000,000
/sd @),))) 3/w'/Ldf 3'lDt
sf]if /sd nufgL tyf c;'nL eO{
:yfgLo :t/df laQLo sf/f]jf/
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 16
eO/x]sf] kfpg ;lsG5 . cf};t ?kdf aflif{s !) k|ltztsf b/n] rnfodfg eO/x]sf] 3'DtL
sf]ifdf Jofh yk x'Fb} cfPsf] 5, h;n] ubf{ u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6 ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf pknAw
ePsf] 3'DtL sf]if a[l4 eO/x]sf] kfpg ;lsG5 . ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿df 3'lDt sf]if lgodfanL
cg"?k lgoldt ?kdf nufgL / c;'nLsf] lqmofsnfk eO{/x]sf] 5 . 3'lDt sf]ifnfO{ cem
Aoal:yt agfpg ;fd'bflos ;+:yf tyf ;fdflhs kl/rfng txdf Ifdtf clea[l4 ug{ clt
cfaZos b]lvG5 . 3'lDt sf]if kl/rfng lgltnfO{ ;a} ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf a}+ls+u k|0ffnL dfkm{t
sf/f]af/ ug{ ;s] cem} kl/0ffdd'lv glthf lgsfNg ;lsg] b]lvG5 . lhNnfdf kl/rflnt 3'DtL
sf]ifsf] s'n nufgLsf] nueu &! Ü efsf /sd ;dodf g} ;d'bflos ;+:yfdf lkmtf{ ePsf]
kfpg ;lsG5 eg] @( Ü /sd ;dodf lkmtf{ geO{ efsf gf3]sf] b]lvG5 . t/ lautsf aif{
eGbf qmdz ?kdf o;df ;'wf/ eO{/]x]sf] klg kfpg ;lsG5 .
xfn u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifn] nufgLdf /x]sf] 3'DtL sf]ifnfO{ cfkm\g} cgnfOg ;'rgf Joj:yfkg
k|0ffnLdf k|lai6 ug]{ Joj:yf ;'? u/L;s]sf]5 . h;n] ubf{ ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf ;b:ox?n] s]
s:tf] Joj;fodf 3'DtL sf]ifsf] /sd nufgL eO/x]sf] 5, slt ls:tfdf nufgL eO/x]sf]5, slt
;dosf] nflu nufgL ePsf] jf slt ;dofcjlwdf ;a} C0f nufgL /sd lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{ xf],
slt Aofh tf]lsPsf]5 cflb s'/fx? sf]ifsf] s]Gb|df g} a;]/ x]g{ ;lsG5 eg] nufgL / c;'nLsf]
k|utL k|ltj]bg ;d]t laZn]if0f ug{ ;lsG5 . h;n] ubf{ 3'DtL sf]ifsf] /sdsf] Joj:yfkgdf
;xh x'g] ;d]t b]lvG5 .
%=$ ;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;
;fgf tyf ;fd"bflos ef}lts k'jf{wf/
ljsf;sf pk kl/of]hgfx? ;d'bfosf]
nlIft ju{sf] dfu / lxtnfO+{ k|d'vtf
lbO{ sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . t/ nlIft
;fd'bfosf] j/k/ a;f]jf; ug]{ cGo
ju{ klg o;af6 nfeflGjt x'g
;Sg]5g\ . sf]ifn] vf;ul/ pTkfbglzn
k'jf{wf/sf ljsf;df hf]8 lbg]5 .
sf]ifsf] ;Gbe{df :yfgLo ahf/ ;'ljwf
/ kx'Fr ;DaGwL k'jf{wf/x?, vfg]kfgL
tyf ;/;kmfO{, gljs/0fLo phf{, n3'
l;+rfO{+, u|fdL0f ;8s, k'n k'n];f,
;fd'bflos ejg, ljBfno tyf :jf:Yo
rf}sL ejg cflb ;+efljt k'jf{wf/sf lqmofsnfkx? sfof{Gjog x'g;Sb5g\ . ;fy} cGo ;/sf/L
tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yf tyf bft[ lgsfo;Fu u|fld0f tyf ;fd'bflos k'jf{wf/ ljsf;nfO{
ul/asf] lhjg:t/ ;'wf/df ;xof]u k'Ug] lsl;dn] ;DaGwg sfod ug{ tyf laQLo Aoj:yfkg
ug{ klg sf]ifn] ;dGjosf/L e'ldsf v]Ng ;Sb5 / To:tf ;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf
kl/of]hgf sfof{Gjog ubf{ cfo cfh{g a[l4df k"Øfpg] k|ToIf c;/nfO{ a9L dxTj lbOg]5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 17
vf;u/L u/LaLsf] rqmaf6 aflx/
cfpgsf nflu u/LaL;+u k|ToIf
hf]l8Psf / pgLx¿sf] lhljsf]kfh{gsf
nflu ;xof]u k'/ofpg] ;fgf
ef}ltsk"jf{wf/x¿sf] ljsf; dxTjk"0f{
x'G5 . z'4 vfg]kfgL, ;fgf l;+rfO{,
:s'n, 3§, :jf:Yo rf}sL,
n3'hnljB't, emf]n'+u] k'n h:tf
k"jf{wf/x¿n] nlIft ;d'bfo tyf cGo
3/w'/Lx?sf] ;d]t hLjg:t/df
;xhtf NofPsf] 5 . cf=j=)^@÷)^#
b]vL xfn ;Dd hDdf @*$ j6f
ljleGg k|sf/sf ;fd'bflos ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf pk kl/of]hgfx?
;Fu ;+emf}tf ePsf]df @&) j6f
;DkGg eO;s]sf 5g\ eg] cem} !$
j6f pk kl/of]hgfx¿sf] clGtd
ls:tf lgsf;f x'g afFsL jf
lgdf{0flwg r/0fdf /x]sf5g\ . cf=j=
@)&#.)&$ df o; amefFu lhNnfdf
;fd'bflos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf s'g} klg
pk kl/of]hgfx?;Fu ;Demf}tf x'g
;s]g . cf=a= )^@÷)^# b]lv
xfn;Dd sf]ifsf] tkm{af6 dfq hDdf o; lhNnfdf ?= @^@,!%!,!^! a/fa/sf] ;fd'bflos
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf pk kl/of]hgfdf ;Demf}tf eO{ nufgL ul/Psf]5 . ;fy} ;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] :jnufgL tyf >dbfg / cGo bft[ lgsfo tyf ;+:yfaf6 klg pQm pk kl/of]hgfdf
?= !%*,%*!,!@@ a/fa/sf] nufgL ePsf] b]lvG5 .
tflnsf g+=* M ;fd'bflos ef}lts k'jf{wf/ lqmofsnfk cGtu{t nufgL ePsf laleGg If]qx?sf]
laj/0f
;fd'bfos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf
lqmofsnfk
nufgL
s}lkmot u=lg=sf]=
;f=;=sf]
gub
:jnufgL
;f=;=sf] lhG;L
:jnufgL
cGo ;+3
;+:yf
emn'+u] k'n (Bridge) 821,078 0 180,358 0
;fd'bflos ejg (Building
(School, Health post,
community))
65,551,683 7,780 18,991,644 0
Vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ (Water
Supply and sanitation) 81,514,687 212,211 25,267,028 1,647,290
36\6 (Ghatta) 292,241 0 83,612 0
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 18
Bridge0%
Building (School, Health post, communi
ty)25%
Water Supply and sanitation
31%
Ghatta0%
ICT Support5%
Micro Hydro Power
14%
Road and river training
1%
Irrigation24%
;fd'bfos ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf
lqmofsnfk
nufgL
s}lkmot u=lg=sf]=
;f=;=sf]
gub
:jnufgL
;f=;=sf] lhG;L
:jnufgL
cGo ;+3
;+:yf
cfO{l;l6 ;xof]u (ICT Support) 12,388,939 0 3,387,328 0
n3' laB't (M icro Hydro Power) 36,412,326 2,632,072 21,552,301 60,301,169
u|fld0f ;8s tyf glb lgoGq0f
(Road and river training) 2,531,635 0 698,561 0
;fgf l;+rfOP (Irrigation) 62,638,572 900 19,672,295 3,946,572
S'n hDdf 262,151,161 2,852,963 89,833,128 65,895,031
o;/L ;fd'bflos ef}ts k"jf{wf/sf] If]qdf u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if, ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] :jnufgL
tyf >dbfg / cGo ;+3;+:yfaf6 ePsf] nufgLaf6 k|ToIf / k/f]If u/L nueu @(,))) 3/w'/L
tyf ltgsf sl/a (*,@!@
hg;+Vof nfeflGjt ePsf] kfpg
;lsG5 . lo laleGg ;fd'bflos
ef}lts k"jfwf{/sf
pkkl/of]hgfaf6 aemfFu
lhNnfsf clt b'u{d e]usf
;d'bfox¿n] ljh'nL aQLdf
/dfO/x]sf5g\ eg] pgLx¿sf
s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ k|ToIf ?kdf
k9fOn]vfO{df kmfObf k'uL
k|f]T;fxg ;d]t ldn]sf] kfpg
;lsG5 .
xfn n3' laB't k'u]sf] 7fpFsf
;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf pgLx¿n]
dl§n]tndf ug]{ vr{ %)Ü eGbf a9Ln] jrt ePsf] ;d]t kfpg;lsG5 . To:t} cfkmg} glhsdf
:s"n gePsf sf/0f k9\gaf6 jl~rt u/La ;d'bfosf s]6fs]6Lx¿ :s"n hfg] jftfj/0f ag]sf]
5 . To:t} vfg]kgLsf nflu 306f} nfd nfUg] ;do dlxnfx¿n] jrt u/]sf 5g\ eg] ;lhn} z'4
kfgL lkpg kfPsf 5g\ . o;n] pgLx¿sf] 3/j/Lk/L v]/ uO/x]sf] hUuf tyf s/];f af/Ldf
t/sf/L v]tL ug{ k|f]T;flxt u/]sf]5 . pkkl/of]hgfx¿ ;DkGg kZrft ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿df
ar]sf] s]xL /sd tyf dfl;s ?kdf s]xL /sd Joj:yf u/L ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] a}7saf6
lg0f{o ul/ dd{t ;+ef/ sf]ifsf] ;d]t Joj:yf u/L dd{t ;+ef/ lgodfjnL agfO{ ef}lts
k"jf{wf/sf ;+/rfgsf] lbuf]kgfsf] sfo{ ;d]t u/]sf] kfpg ;lsG5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 19
%=^ Ifdtf ljsf;
;d"bfosf u/Lax¿sf] u/LaL lgjf/0f
ug{ pgLx¿sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf
/fhg}lts Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug]{ u/fpg]
p2]Zon] ljleGg Ifdtf clej[l4sf
sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ul/G5 . o;n]
d"VotM lgDGf If]q cf]u6\g] 5 .
cfo cfh{g tyf ;fd"bflos ef}lts
k'jf{wf/ lqmofsnfksf] k|efjsf/L
?kn] sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu ljleGg
tflnd, e|d0f, k|fljlws ;xof]u tyf
Joj;flos ;DaGw (business
linkage) :yfkgf u/L nfeflGjt
ju{sf] Ifdtf ljsf; ub{5 .
:yfgLo lgsfo tyf n3" ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 u/L sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd af/] ;'rgf
;Dk|]if0f, cg'udg tyf d'Nof+sg u/L sfo{qm|dnfO+{ k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
%=^=! ;xof]uL ;+:yf tyf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] Ifdtf ljsf;
u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifn] nlIft ;d'bfodf
nufgL dfq u/]sf] 5}g, To; nufgLsf]
bL3{sfn ;Dd ;lx ;b'kof]k u/]/
;d'bfosf] u/LaLnfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug]{ p2]Zo
/x]sf] x'Fbf To;sf] ;lx ;b'kof]usf] nflu
;d'bfonfO{ cfjZo kg]{ Ifdtf a[l4 ;DalGw
sfddf ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 eg] ;d'bfonfO{
;xhLs/0f ug]{ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf
sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ljleGg k|sf/sf tflndx¿
k|bfg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . xfn ;Dd
lhNnfdf ;d'bfosf] cfo cfh{g tyf
ef}lts k'jf{wf/sf s[ofsnfknfO{ cem k|efasf/L ?kdf cuf8L a8fpg laleGg k|sf/sf Ifdtf
lasf;sf s[ofsnfk ePsf 5g . tflnd d'Votof ;d'bfosf] dfudf cfwfl/t lyof] t s'g}
sfo{qmd laz]if lyof] . ;+:yfut lasf; cGtu{t ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf g]t[Tj lasf; tyf n]vf
Aoa:yfkg ;DalGw tflnd ;+rfng ePsf] lyof] eg] Aoa;fonfO{ Aoa:yfkg ug{ Aoa;flos
of]hgf ;DalGw klg tflnd ePsf] 5 . ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf ePsf] /sdnfO{ Aoa:yfkg ug{
;xsf/L Aoa:yfkg tflnd tyf 3'lDtsf]if Aoa:yfkg tflnd ;+rfng klg ePsf] 5 . pGgt
tl/sfn] df}ifdL tyf Aodf}ifdL t/sf/L v]tLug{sf nfuL Knfli6ssf] 6]«df g;{/L /fVg], kf]nL
xfp; Aoa:yfkg tyf ahf/ Aoa:yfkg cflb tflnd ;d'bfo :t/df ;+rfng ePsf 5g . s]lx
d'Vo d'Vo tflnd lgDg /x]sf 5g\ .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 20
tflnsf g+= ( M ;d'bfo :t/df ;+rfng ePsf Ifdtf lasf;sf tflnd
qm=
;+= Tflnd tyf ;]ldgf/sf] gfd
;xeflux¿
blnt Hghflt cGo hDdf dlxnf k'?if
1= # lbg] ahf/ Aoa:yfkg
tflnd
2 0 12 14 8 6
2= # lbg] Aoa;fo lasf; tyf
la:tf/ tflnd
4 0 26 30 18 12
3= lgdf{0f Aoa:yfkg tflnd 0 0 42 42 0 42
hDdf 6 0 80 86 26 60
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+:yfut lasf; tyf ;Daw{g ug{ ;fem]bfl/ ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf]
klg Ifdtf lasf; x'g h?/L 5 eGg] dfGotf tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] ablnbf] :j?ksf
sf/0fn] klg ;+:yfsf sd{rfl/x¿sf] klg Ifdtf lasf;sf s[ofsnfx¿ ug{ h?/L lyof] . o;}
s'/fnfO{ dgg ub}{ s]lx s[ofsnfkx¿ ePsf] lyP .
tflnsf g+= !) M ;xof]uL ;+:yf tyf ;d'bfo :t/df ;+rfng ePsf Ifdtf lasf;sf tflnd
qm=
;+= Tflnd tyf ;]ldgf/sf] gfd
;xeflux¿
blnt hghflt cGo hDdf dlxnf k'?if
1= # lbg] ahf/ Aoa:yfkg tflnd 2 0 8 10 0 10
2= # lbg] Aoa;fo lasf; tyf
la:tf/ tflnd
2 0 8 10 0 10
3= 3'lDtsf]if Ao:yfkg tflnd 9 0 36 45 12 33
4= g;{l/ Aoa:yfkg tflnd 0 0 5 5 0 5
hDdf 13 0 57 70 12 58
%=^=@ ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf bLuf]kgf
3'DtL sf]ifsf] ;xL ;b'kof]u tyf lbuf]kgfsf]
nflu ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf ;b:ox?sf] Ifdtf
/ ;+:yfut ljsf;df sf]ifn] hf]8 lbPsf] 5
. ;d'bfosf] ;+:yfut ljsf;4f/f g}
pgLx¿sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg
;lsG5 eGg] p2]Zo cg';f/ ;d'bfosf]
;+:yfut ljsf;sf nflu ;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L Pj+ ;b:ox¿nfO{
;+:yfut ljsf; tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
To;} u/L n]vfJoj:yfkg, jrt tyf C0f
kl/rfng h:tf tflndn] pgLx¿sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;df ;xof]u k'/\ofPsf] 5 . ;+:yfsf
;b:ox¿ dlxgfsf] Pp6f tf]lsPsf] lbgdf e]nf eO{ a}7s a:g], cfkm\gf ;d:ofsf af/]df
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 21
5nkmn ug]{ / ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu of]hgf agfpg], ;DalGwt lgsfosf] ;fd'lxs k|of;4f/f
wfgfsif{0f u/fpg] h:tf sfdn] pgLx¿sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;df ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 .
To;}u/L ;d'bfon] u/]sf] sfd bLuf] x'g'kb{5 . To;sf nflu ;+:yfut ljsf;sf ;fy}
pgLx¿nfO{ cfjZos cGo k|fljlws ;xof]usf] klg cfZos kb{5 . ;d'bfon] cfjZstf dx;';
u/]sf s[lif, e]6]g/L, OlGhlgol/u+ h:tf ;]jfx¿ pknAw u/fOPsf 5g\ eg] To:tf cfwf/e"t
;]jf k|bfg ug]{ hgzlQm ;d'bfodf g} pknAw u/fpgsf nflu ;d'bfon] k|:tfj u/]sf]
JolQmnfO{ # dlxg] u|fdL0f kz':jf:Yo sfo{stf{ tflnd kfPsf 5g\ . oltx'Fbf x'Fb}klg pgLx¿sf]
bLuf]kgfsf] k|d'v cfwf/ eg]sf] sf]ifaf6 cfocfh{gsf nflu rqmsf]if ?kdf ;+rfng ug{ k|bfg
ul/Psf] /sd g} k|d'v xf] . o;sf] ;lx ;b'kof]usf nflu pNn]lvt ;xof]ux¿ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf]
. o;sf cltl/Qm ljleGg ;]jf k|bfos lgsfox¿;+usf] ;DaGw ljsf; klg ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx¿sf] bLuf]kgfnfO{ ;xof]u ldNb5 . ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿nfO{ ;+ul7t tyf ;+:yfut ul/
;d'bfox¿nfO{ ;xh ?kdf lbuf] lalQo kx+'r k'of{pg] p4]Zosf ;fy ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifn]
cl3 ;f/]sf]] Ps ufpF Ps ;xsf/L ;+:yf u7g k|lqmofdf /x]sf5g .
^= ;fd'bflos ;+:yf ;+hfn -g]6js{_
;fljssf uf=lj=;= tyf j8fx?df 5l/P/
/x]sf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿nfO{ Pp6f 5ftf
;+u7g leq cfa4 u/L cfˆgf ;d:ofx¿nfO{
;fd'lxs ?kdf ;+u7g u/fpg ;Sg]
jftfj/0fnfO{ ;xh agfpg ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx¿sf] uf=lj=;= jf j8f :t/Lo
;+hfnx¿ lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . o; cjlwdf
;fljssf #) uf=lj=;=df #) j6f ;+hfnx¿
lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . o;n] Ps csf{
;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf ePsf ljleGg ultljlwx¿sf] af/]df cg'ej cfbfg k|bfg ePsf] 5 eg]
;fd'lxs of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos ;xof]u jf of]ubfg h'6fpg, cfkm\gf ;b:ox¿nfO{
kl/rfng ug{ ;3fp k'/\ofPsf] 5 . o;n] laz]if u/]/ uf=la=; jf j8f :t/df /lx ;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] xslxtsf nfuL cGo ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ ;+u ;dGjo ul/ sfo{qmd
;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . o;sf] csf] dxTj k'0f{ sfo{ eg]sf] ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfsf]
kl/ifbdf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] sfo{qmd cg'df]bg u/fpg' / ;+hfn Aoa:yfkg tyf ef}lts
k'jf{wf/sf] dd{t ;+ef/sf nflu >f]t h'6fpg' /x]sf]5 .
&= cg'udg, d"Nof+sg tyf kf/blif{tf
cl3Nnf cf=j=df h:t} o; cf=j=@)&#÷)&$ df klg ;+rflnt sfo{qmdsf] ljleGg tx /
lgsfoaf6 cg'udg ug]{ sfd eof] . ;fd'bflos ;+:yf cfkm}n] cg'udg pk;ldlt agfO{ cfkm\gf
;b:ox¿n] u/]sf ljleGg lqmofsnfkx¿sf] cg'udg ug]{ Joj:yf eP cg'?k g} cg'udg u/]sf]
b]lvG5 . To:t} ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+hfn ag]kl5 ;+hfnn] klg cfkm\gf ;b:o ;+:yfsf
;b:ox¿n] u/]sf lqmofsnfkx¿ h:t} dfu cg';f/sf] lqmofsnfk ;+rfng u/] gu/]sf], ;dodf
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 22
rqmsf]if tyf ;f] sf] Jofh c;'nL eP gePsf] cg'udg ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} ;xof]uL
;+:yfsf sd{rf/L tyf kbflwsf/L÷;b:ox¿af6 klg sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg eO/x]sf] 5 .
To;} u/L u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6
lg/Gt/ cg'udg eO/]xsf] 5 . o;/L
x'g] cg'udgdf sfo{qmd ;+rfng
k|lqmofdf cg'udg, :jLs[t dfu
cg';f/sf] >f]t ;fwg ;d'bfodf
k'u]gu'u]sf], To; cg';f/sf] sfd eP
gePsf] h:tf sfo{qmd z'? b]lv To;n]
lbg] clGtd k|ltkmn ;Ddsf] cg'udg
ePsf 5g\ .
To:t} ;xo]uL ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ If]q
leqsf sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg tyf
d"Nof+sgsf] nflu lhNnf l:yt ;a}
;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿ h:t}M lh=lj=;=,
ljifout sfof{no, /fhgLlts bnsf
k|ltlglwx¿, kqsf/x¿sf] ;+o'Qm
6f]lnaf6 cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg
u/fpg] sfd ePsf] 5 eg] w]/} h;f]
uf=lj=;=df uf=lj=;= ;lrjx¿4f/f
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ePsf] 5 .
o;af6 sfo{qmdsf /fd|f tyf sdhf]/
kIfx¿sf] klxrfg eO{ ;'wf/sf
k|of;x¿ klg ePsf 5g\ .
cg'udgs} l;nl;nfdf csf]{ dxTjk"0f{
s'/f s] 5 eg] ;fd'bflos ;+:yf btf{ x'g' eGGbf cl3 ;fd'bflos ;+:yf agfpFbf ;a} k|lqmof, k'/f
u/]/, p2]Zo a'em]/ ;a}sf] ;xeflutfdf ul/Ps] xf] xf]Og h:tf s'/fx¿sf] hfFrk8\tfn ug{
;DalGwt ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf g} uO{ ;d'bfo;+u k'gM ;f] ;DaGwdf cGt/lqmof ug]{ ul/G5 .
To; avt sf]ifsf] kl/efif leq k/]sf u/Lax¿ 5'6]sf eP / pgLx¿sf] :jOR5f eP ;dfj]z
ug]{ / sf]ifsf] kl/efiff eGbf aflx/sf] JolQm ;dfj]z ePsf] eP ;d'bfos} /fo;'emfjdf
x6\g]÷x6fpg] sfd klg ePsf 5g\ . To;} u/L ;fd'bflos ;+:yf;+u ;+emf}tf x'g' clw pgLx¿n]
u/]sf dfux¿ pgLx¿sf] cfkm\g} :jOR5fn] dfu] gdfu]sf], dfu ;f] 7fpFsf nflu ;fdfGotof
cfly{s, k|fljlws, ;fdflhs, jftfj/0fLo cflb lx;fan] plrt eP gePsf] pgLx¿;}u} k'gM
cGt/lqmof, 5nkmn u/L x]g]{ ul/G5 . o;sf nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DalGw kl/of]hgf eP
;DalGwt ljifosf] OlGhlgo/ k7fpg] ul/Psf] 5 . of] k|lqmof ;a} ;fd'bflos ;+:yf / ;a}
kl/of]hgfdf ug]{ sfd ePsf]5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 23
*= ;fdflhs k'g d'Nofsg kl/0ffd (Social Reassessment Result)
cf=a=@)&#÷)&$ df lhNnfsf ;Dk'0f{ $& uf=la=;=sf nueu sl/a @)) ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf
$()) ;b:ox¿sf] ;fdflhs cfly{s k'+g d'Nof+sg ul/Psf] lyof] . h; cg'?k sf]ifsf]
sfo{qmdaf6 ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf cfj4 eP kZrft o; cf=j= df ul/Psf] k'gM d"Nof+gsf]
glthfaf6 plgx¿sf] s'n cfDbflg !=#^ k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] b]lvPsf]5 .
(= ks]6 If]q ljsf; sfo{qmd
xfn lhNndf pTkfbg eO/x]sf pTkfbgsf nflu ahf/sf] ;d:of gb]lvotf klg cu'jf
s[ifsx¿ ;+ul7t gx'+bf cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] plrt d'No kfO{/x]sf 5}gg\ . u|fdL0f ;8sx¿sf] b|'t
ljsf;n] cem cfkm\gf pTkfbgnfO{ ahf/ ;Dd k'/\ofpg ;xh ePsf] b]lvPtf klg ahf/nfO{
plrt Aoa:yfkg ug{sf ;fy} s[lifdf cfw'lgs/0f ub}{ n}hfg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . o; cGtu{t lhNnf
s[lif lasf; sfof{no, lhNnf kz':jf:Yo sfof{no, laZj vfB sfo{qmdsf] ;dGjodf laleGg
k|sf/sf sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng eO{ /x]sf 5g\ .
lhNnf s[lif sfof{no cGtu{t kf/fsf6\g], r}gk'/, ;'a]8f cflb :yfgdf t/sf/L ks]6 If]q, lhNnf
kz' :jf:Yo sfof{nosf] ;dGjodf kf/fsf6\g], /fon uf=la=;=df pGgt h;L{ ufO{ kfng tyf
b]pn]s uf=la=;=df laZj vfB sfo{qmd ;+usf] ;dGjodf t/sf/L v]tLsf] ks]6 If]q lasf;sf
sfo{qmd ;+rfng eO{/x]sf 5g . cfufdL lbgdf o; ks]6 If]q lasf; sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf
lbg ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L
;+:yfx¿ ;+usf] ;xsfo{ lg/Gt/
/xg] b]lvG5 . xfn kf/fsf6\g]
uf=la=;= j8f g+= !,# sf % j6f
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿sf] ;xsf/L
agfO{ ;k|f]; g]kfn4f/f t/sf/L
ks]6 If]q lasf; sfo{qmd ;+rfng
ul//x]sf]5 .
o;} ul/ ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifn]
cf=a= @)&@.)&# df ;fd'bflos
;+;yfx¿df Ps} k|sf/sf
Aoa;fox¿nfO{ ;+:yfut ul/
plgx¿af6 pTkflbt a:t' tyf
;fdfu|Lx¿sf] ahf/ ;+u ;xh kx'+r
a8fO{ lbuf] cfly{s ca:yf ;[hg
fug]{ p4]Zosf ;fy @ j6f ks]6 If]q
lasf; sfo{qmd nfu' u/]sf] 5 .
h:df ;k|f]; g]kfn4f/f kf/fsf6\g]
uf=la=;=sf] j8f g+= ! / # sf %
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 24
j6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿nfO{ Plss[t ul/ >L euatL b]jn ul/aL lgjf/0f t/sf/L pTkfbg
tyf ;+sng ;d'xsf gfddf lhNnf s[lif sfof{no tyf ;fgf 3/]n' sfof{nodf btf{ ul/ df}ifdL
tyf Aodf}ifdL t/sf/L ks]6 If]q la:tf/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5 eg] blnt u}/;/sf/L
;+:yf ;dGjo ;ldlt dfkm{t b]pn]s uf=la=;=sf] j8f g+= #, % sf $ j6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf
;d]l6 e'ld/fh b'Uw ;+sng s[ifs ;d'x u7g ul/ b'wsf] ks]6 If]q lasf;df ;xof]u ul//x]sf]
5 .
tflnsf g+= !! M ks]6 If]q ljsf; sfo{qmsf] laj/0f
;fem]bf/ ;+:yf 7]ufgf pRr :t/sf] ;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf] gfd
ks]6 If]q lasf;
sfo{qmdsf] k|sf/
;Demf}tf /sd
?= s}lkmot
;k|f]; g]kfn kf/fsf6\g]
uf=la=;= j8f
g++ ! / #
>L euatL b]jn ul/aL
lgjf/0f t/sf/L pTkfbg
tyf ;+sng ;d'x
df}ifdL tyf Aodf}ifdL
t/sf/L ks]6 If]q
la:tf/ sfo{qmd
@,$(*,&$$
blnt u}/
;/sf/L ;+:yf
;dGjo ;ldlt
b]pn]s
uf=la=;= j8f
g+= #,%
e'ld/fh b'Uw ;+sng
s[ifs ;d'x
b+Uw ;+sng tyf
Aoa:yfkg sfo{qmd
@,@!^,*%^
!)= ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{
u/LaL lgjf/0f h:tf] sl7g ljifonfO{ ;+af]wg ug{ s;}sf] klg PSnf] k|of;n] ;Dej x'Fb}g
To;}n] o;df ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf kIfx¿sf] ;xeflutf cfjZo x'G5 eGg] ;a}n] :jLsf/]sf]
lgl{j{jfb ljifonfO{ sf]ifn] klg cfTdf;fy u/]sf] 5 . To;} cg'?k o; aemfË lhNNffdf klg
;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿;+u lg/Gt/ ;dGkjo / ;Dks{df /lx/x]sf] 5 .
sf]ifn] slxn] cfkm\g} kxndf / slxn] ;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t lhNnf l:yt ;a} ljifout
;/sf/L sfof{no, lhNnfdf lqmoflzn /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf k|ltlglw,
/fhlglts bnsf k|ltlglwx¿, ;+rf/ dfWodsf k|ltlglwx¿;+3sf] aLrdf lhNnfdf ;+rflnt
sf]ifsf so{qmdsf ;DaGwdf ;ldIff Pj+ cGt/lqmof ug]{ u/fpg] sfd ePsf] 5 . 5nkmns}
cfwf/df sltko kl/of]hgfx¿ ;+o'Qm k|of;÷nufgLdf ePsf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;xof]uL
;+:yfx¿sf aLrdf klg dfl;s ?kdf sfo{qmdsf] ;ldIff tyf cg'ej cfbg k|bfg ug]{ sfo{
lg/Gt/ ?kdf eO/x]sf 5 .
o;} u/L ;Dks{ tyf ;DaGw lj:tf/sf nflu sf]ifsf lhNnfdf sfo{/t ;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿n]
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf rf}dfl;s, jflif{s / lh=lj=;=n] dfu u/]sf jvt sfo{qmd ;DaGwdf
k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . ;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿af6 k]z ePsf sfo{qmd tyf ah]6nfO{ lhNnf
ljsf; of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;} u/L uf=lj=;=x¿df ;d]t ufpF kl/ifbdf
pkl:yt eO{ cf–cfˆgf sfo{qmdx¿sf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg] / ;ldIff ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;af6
;dGjo / ;Dks{df lj:tf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . To:t} sf]ifaf6 klg rfn' cf=j=sf] k|utL, ;ldIff /
cfufdL cf=j=sf] sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 k]z ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 . s]lx uf=la=;= kl/ifbx¿n]
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+hfnsf] Aoa:yfkg ug{ aflif{s ?kdf Aoa:yfkg vr{ lalgof]lht
u/]sf 5g eg] uf=la=;=n] aflif{s ?kdf s[lif tyf kz'kfngsf nfuL lalgof]lht ug]{ !%
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 25
k|ltzt /sddf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+hfn ;+usf] ;xsfo{df vr{ ug]{ Aoa:yf u/]sf 5g .
kz' ;]jf sfof{noaf6 laz]if ?kdf ;xsfo{ x'+b} cfO{/x]sf] 5 .
o:t} lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no / ;fdflhs ljsf; s]Gb| g]kfnsf] ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if
sfo{qmdsf] ;+o'Qm kxndf ;b/d'sfd glhs /x]sf] l/7fkf6f uflj;sf] @ j6f j8f nfO{ h;L{
ufO{sf] ks]6 If]qsf] ?kdf ljsf; ul/Psf] 5 . ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] 3'DtLsf]if dfkm{t ufO{ vl/b
ug{] / lhNnf kz';]jf sfo{non] 9'jfgL cg'bfg lbg], ;'wfl/Psf] uf]7 lgdf0f{df cfly{s tyf
k|fljlws ;xof]u lbg], kz' ljdf ug{ ;xof]u ug{] sfdsf ;fy} h;L{ ufO{ kfng tflnd, kz'
cfxf/f Joj:yfkg tflnd klg ;+rfng u/]/ ;xsfo{ ul/Psf] 5 . l/7fkf6f h;L{ ufO kfngsf]
ks]6 If]q e};s] kl5 b'w xfn]sf] lrof ;Dd gkfOg] ;b/d'sfd / cf;kf;sf jhf/sf] b'wsf]
dfu k'/f ePsf] 5 . eg] o; Joj;fodf ;+nUg ;b:ox¿n] dfl;s @% b]vL &% xhf/ ;Dd
cfDbfgL ul//x]sf 5g .
lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no ;Fu ;dGjo u/]/ sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdaf6 ;+rflnt kz'kfng ;DaGwL
ljleGg lqmofsnfkdf kz'kfng tflnd, vf]/ uf]7 Joj:yfkg tflnd, 3'DtL kz' :jf:Yo lzlj/,
vf]k lzlj/, l8lkª 6\ofÍ lgdf0f{ h:tf ljleGg ultljlwdf ;xsfo{ ul/Psf] 5 . kmn:j?k sf]if
sfo{qmdaf6 ;+rfng ul/Psf kz'kfng
;DaGwL ultjLwLaf6 ;f;sf ;b:ox¿n]
/fd|f] kmfObf lnO/x]sf 5g . eg] lhNnf
kz';]jf sfof{noaf6 k|fKtx'g] ;]jfx¿ cfkm}
lng ;Sg] cj:yfdf klg k'u]sf 5g .
o:t} ;k|f]; g]kfnsf] ;xhLs/0fdf
kf/fsf6\g], b+ufhL tyf d]nla;f}gf
uf=la=;=sf % j6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿df
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] vfB ;'/Iff kl/of]hgf
dfkm{t lalaw s[ofsnfkx¿ ;+rfng ug{
?= !$,&^,%)) a/fa/sf] /sd ;xof]u
ePsf] lyof] .
!!= lhNnfdf b]lvPsf ;+efJotfx¿
o; lhNnfsf] ;fdflhs cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu y'k|} ;+efJotfx¿ b]lvG5g . jgh+unsf]
k|r'/tfn] ubf{ lhNnfsf] blIf0fL e]udf kz'kfnsf] c;fWo} ;+efJotf b]lvG5 eg] w]/} h;f] If]qdf
df};dL tyf j]df};dL t/sf/Lsf] TolQs} ;+efjgf b]lvG5 . ;]tL gbLsf] lsgf/fdf c;fWo}
pJhfp hldg ePsf sf/0f kfgLsf] >f]t ePsf :yfgx¿df ;f]lx >f]taf6 / gPsf :yfgx¿df
;]tL gbLsf] kfgL Lift u/L To;af6 y'k|} cfocfh{g ug{ ;lsG5 . To:t} o; lhNnfsf] ax'd"No /
k|r'/ dfqfdf pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] hl8a'6L xf] . t/ o;sf] xfn ;Dd ;lx ;b'kof]u x'g
;ls/x]sf] 5}g . To:t} ;'Gtnf, df};d h:tf kmnkm'nx¿ c;fWo} pTkfbg x'g] t/ pk'Qm e08f/
cefjsf] sf/0f To;sf] plr d"No kfpg g;ls/x]sf] cj:yfdf To;sf] plrt e08f/sf] Joj:yf
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 26
ug{ ;lsP o;af6 klg TolQs} cfDbfgL ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf b]lvG5 . o:t} cb'jf nufotsf
y'k|} gub]jfnLx/?, df}/Lkfng Joj;fo klg TolQs} ;+efjgf ePsf b]lvG5g\ . To:t} vKt8
/fli6«o lgs'~h cfkm'df k|fs[lts ;Dkbfn] el/k"0f{ ePsf] x'Fbf o;sf] plrt k|aGw x'g ;s] 8f]6L
lhNnfsf] dfq geP/ ;du| ;"b'/klZrfdf~rns} d'xf/ km]l/g] ;+efjgf b]lvG5 .
o;} u/L ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tkm{ ;'wfl/Psf kfgL3§, dfOqmf]xfO8«, u|fdL0f ;8s, 8]/L, lt:ofg s]Gb|,
;+sng s]Gb|, :s"n, x]Nykf]i6 ejg, emf]nË]k'nx¿, vfg]kfgL, ;fgfl;+rfO{ kl/of]hgfx¿ k|jn
;Defjgf / c;fWo} cfjZos b]lvG5g\ . h;sf] sfof{Gjogn] u/La ;d'bfo / lhNnfsf]
;fdflhs cfly{s cj:yfdf Jofks ;'wf/ x'g] b]lvG5 .
;k|f]; g]kfnaf6 o; cfly{s jif{df s[lifdf ;'wfl/osf] k|lalw h:t} Knfli6s dlNru+, gz{/L 6]«,
kfpnf]lgofsf] la?jf hf] c:jeflas ?kdf a8g] u5{ kl/If0f ul/Psf] lyof] .
!@= sf]ifsf] ;xof]udf lhNnfdf ;+rflnt sfo{qmdaf6 b]lvPsf s]lx ;s/fTds k|efjx¿
lhNnfdf ul/Psf] nufgLsf] ;du| k|efj s:tf] /Xof] eGg] ;DaGwdf nfeflGjt ;fd'bflos
;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿;+u ul/Psf] cGt/lqmof, 5nkmn cflbaf6 b]lvPsf s]lx k|efjx¿ b]xfo
cg';f/ 5g\
;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf cfaå x'g' cl3 cfˆgf b}lgsL ;+rfng ug{sf nflu ufpFs} ;fx'
dxfhgaf6 jflif{s #^–^)Ü b/sf] Jofhdf C0f lng] ub{y] . o;/L lnPsf] C0fsf] ;fFjf /
Jofh t pgLx¿n] lkmtf{ ug'{ kYof]{ g} ;fy} C0f lnPjfkt pgLx¿ ;fx'sf] 3/df ljgf
kfl/>lds bf;n] h:t} sfd ul/lbg' kYof]{ . xfn To;df k'/} s6f}tL ePsf] 5 .
;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf cfaå u/Lax¿n] cfˆg} ;+:yfaf6 cfkm'nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ C0f ;:tf]
Jofhdf lng] u/]sf 5g\ . o;af6 pgLx¿sf] cfˆgf] b}lgsLdf ;'wf/ dfq ePsf] 5}g
cfocfh{gfdf a[lå eO{ cfˆgf afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ :s"n k7fpg] u/]sf] ;d]t kfOG5 .
cfkm'nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ C0fsf nflu cfˆg} ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf dfu ug]{, ;+:yfsf ;a}
;b:ox¿ a;]/ Ps cfk;df 5nkmn ug]{ plrt b]v]df cfˆgf ;b:onfO{ C0f lbg], ;f]
C0fsf] Jofh tf]Sg], C0f c;'nL cawL tf]Sg] oL ;a} sfd ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿n]
ug]{ u/]sf x'Fbf o; sfo{qmd k|lt ;d'bfosf] ckgTj ePsf] :ki6 b]Vg ;lsG5 .
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf uf=lj=;=sf w]/} h;f] dlxnfx¿nfO{ Rf'nfrf}sf afx]s cGo
hfgsf/L lyPg . xfn o; sfo{qmddf () k|ltzt eGbf a9L dlxnf ;b:o 5g\ . cfhsn
pgLx¿ dlxgfdf tf]lsPsf] lbgdf pkl:yt x'g] Ps cfk;df cf–cfˆgf ;d:ofx¿sf]
af/]df 5nkmn ug]{,cf–cfˆgf lx;fa lstfa /fVg],b]vfpg], ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf s] eO/x]sf]
5, hfgs/L lng] ub{5g\ . o;n] ;fRrLs} u/La dlxnfsf] hLjg ofkgnfO{ ;fy{stf
agfpg] tkm{ pgLx¿nfO{ :jt:km't{ agfPsf] 5 .
gful/stf lsg rflxG5 eGg] clwsf+znfO{ dlxnfx¿nfO{ yfxf lyPg . ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf
a}+s vftf ;+rfngsf] clgjfo{ gful/stf x'g'kg]{ ePsf]n] ;f] gful/stf agfpg] qmddf
gful/stf gePsf ;a} ;b:ox¿n] gful/stf agfg' kg]{ s'/fnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ul/Psf] x'Fbf
xfn clwsf+; dlxnfx¿ ;+u gful/stf b]Vg ;lsG5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 27
8f}8, tfn]gL h:tf s]Gb|sf] ljsf;n] slxNo} g5'g] cf/If0f÷;+/If0f If]q
-vKt8 /fli6«o lgs'~h_ ;+u hf]l8sf 3/3'/Lx¿ xfn n3'hnljB't dfkm{t alQdf /dfPsf
dfq 5}gg\ dl§t]ndf x'g] ;of} ?lkofF jrt ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ eg] pgLx¿sf
s]6fs]6Lx¿ /dfO–/dfO{ kl9/x]sf 5g\ . 6]lnkmf]g, d'jfOnkmf]g, 6]lnlehg, /]l8of] cflb
rnfO{ dgf]/~g u/]sf] b]Vg ;lsG5 .
blntx¿sf nflu lrof÷kfgL lkpg, vfgf vfg xf]6ndf ;d]t cnu efF8f /fVg] ;dfhsf
b'/ ufpFx¿df ;d]t blnt / u}/blnt ;+u} a;]/ 5nkmnåf/f cfˆgf ;fd'lxs
;d:ofx¿sf] 6'+uf] nufg] kl/kf6Lsf] l;h{gf x'g' sfo{qmdsf] k|ltkmn xf] . To;} u/L xfn
ahf/pGd'v :yfg j/Ljl/sf blntx¿sf] b'w ;d]t ljlqm x'g yfn]sf] 5 .
!#= l;sfO{ tyf r'gf}ltx¿
l;sfO{
of]hgfsf] tof/L b]lv sfof{Gjogsf ;a} k|lqmof / txdf ;d'bfosf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtf
ePsf] x"Fbf o; sfo{qmddf ;d'bfon] :jfldTj lnPsf 5g\ .
;d'bfosf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtfdf / ;3g ?kn] ;+rfng ul/g] ;fd'bflos kl/rfngn]
;fd'lxs cfjfhnfO{ a'nGb u/fpg] ePsfn] u/LaL / c;fIf/tf JofKt ePsf]
;d'bfodf klg cfkm\gf] hLjg:t/nfO{ dfly p7fpg] Pp6f cj;/sf] ?kdf ;d'bfon]
lnPsf] 5 eg] olx ;3g / ;xeflutfTds ;fdflhs kl/rfngn] nfvf}sf] nfutdf
;DkGg ul/Psf ef}lts k"jf{wf/df ;d'bfon] :jt:km"t{ ?kdf of]ubfg ug{ ;Ifd ePsf
5g\ .
sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdsf] k|To]s txdf kf/blz{tf ePsfn] ;d'bfon] klg ;f]lx cg';f/
cfkm\gf sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ kf/blz{ tl/sfn] ;+rfng u/]sf 5g\ .
clGtd nlIft ju{;Dd sfo{qmd k''/\ofpg ;f]lx ju{sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;nfO{ k|d'v
c:qsf] ?kdf lnPsf] x'Fbf ;d'bfo cfkm\gf] ;+:yfnfO{ ;+:yfut ?kd lbg tTk/
b]lvG5g\ .
cfjfhljlxg / >f]t;fwgljlxg s}of} j];fxf/f h:t} ePsf u/La dlxnfx¿sf]
sfo{qmddf c;fWo} ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .
;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx¿sf] ;d'bfo k|ltsf] ;]jfefjn] c;fWo} sl7g ef}uf]lns jl:tdf
a;f]jf; ePsf ;d'bfo;Dd sfo{qmd k'/fpg ;xh ePsf] 5 . o;n] l;dfGts[t /
;fdflhs alxis/0fdf k/]sf] ;d'bfosf] cfjfhnfO{ cuf8L Nofpg ;xh agfPsf] 5 .
o; sfo{qmdn] ltgLx¿sf] ljZjf; lht]sf] 5 .
ljleGg lgsfo / JolQmx¿af6 x'g] sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/ cg'udg k|lqmofn] ;d'bfonfO{
cfkm'n] ;+rfng u/]sf sfdk|lt pQ/bflo x'g ;d]t l;sfPsf] 5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 28
r'gf}lt
;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf clwsf+; ;b:ox¿ c;fIf/ ePsf xF'bf pgLx¿sf] Ifdtf ljsf;
u/L pgLx¿sf] ;+:yfnfO{ :jt:skm"t{ ?kdf ;+rfng u/fpg ;Sg] agfpg .
3'lDtsf]ifsf] Joj:yfkg / Jojl:yt ?kdf ;+rfng u/L To;nfO{ bL3{hLjL agfpg .
e"ldlxgx¿nfO{ cfocfh{g lqmofskfnx¿sf] ljsNk klxrfg u/L pgLx¿sf] cfly{s
cj:yfnfO{ dfly p7fpg .
hf]lvdo'Qm kz'x¿ h:t} afv|f h:tf kz'x¿sf] ljdfg u/fO{ hf]lvd sd ug{ .
pgLx¿sf] pTkfbgnfO{ ahf/ ;Ddsf] kx'Frsf ;fy} k|ltikwL{ agfpg .
;d'bfosf] a9\bf] dfunfO{ ;lx ;dodf ;+af]wg ug{ .
sfg"gL dfGotf k|fKt ;+:yfsf] ?k lnO{ bL3{sfn ;Dd ;+rfng x'g ;Sg] agfpg .
cGo ;]jf k|bfos lgsfox¿;+usf] ;]jf lng ;Sg] agfpg .
!$= cfufdL of]hgf
>f]t eP/ klg z'4 vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ gePsf ul/a ;d'bfodf z'¢ vfg]kfgL
k'/\ofpg ;xof]u ug]{ .
h;n] ul/asf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf k|ToIf ;xof]u ub{5 To; k|sf/sf cfwf/e"t ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf ;+rfng ug{ ;xof]u tyf ;xhLs/0f ug]{ .
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx¿nfO{ cfkm} ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg] agfpg pgLx¿sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;
tyf Ifdtf ljsf;df :t/pGgtL u/L j8f, ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsf :t/df
;fd'bflos ;+:yf ;+hfn tyf ;xsf/L btf{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfg'gL dfGotf
;+:yfsf] ?kdf :yfkgf ug{ ;xhLs/0f ug]{ .
;d'bfodf ;fd'bflos kz' ljdf ;ldlt agfO{ cfkm\gf kz'x¿sf] ljdf ug]{ / ;f]
;DalGw cfjZos of]hgf agfpg ;xof]u tyf ;xhLs/0f ug]{ .
;d'bfonfO{ cfjZos kg]{ u|fdL0f kz' :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ tof/ ug{ cfjZos ;xof]u
tyf ;xhLs/0f pknAw u/fpg] .
;+efJotfsf cfwf/df ljleGg pTkfbgsf (Potential Areas) klxrfg u/L ltgLx¿nfO{
(Clustering) ug]{ .
u/LaLsf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿;+u ;dGjo tyf ;DaGw
lj:tf/ ug]{ .
;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?nfO{ lgoldt cg'udg, ;/;Nnfx / ;'emfj lbgsf] nflu :yfgLo
;/sf/nfO{ glhssf] cleefjsTjdf /fVgsf] nflu ;xhLs/0f ug]{ .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 29
cg';"rL
cg';"rL ! M ;kmntfsf syfx?
%= ljutsf cjZyf tyf kl/b[Zo M
ufp+sf k|fo h;f] ;a} o'jfx? Df}fifdL
/f]huf/sf nfuL ef/t hfg] ub{y] . :yflgo
:t/df /f]huf/sf] ca;/ gx'gfn] klg aif]{sL
lab]lzg' plgx?sf] afWotf lyof] . cfly{s
ca:yf sdhf]/sf ;fy} 7'nf] kl/af/ ePsfn]
3/ kl/jf/ rnfpg / laxfg a]n'sf
5fs6fg{sf] nfuL plg ufx|] lyof] . plg 3/sf]
kfl/jfl/s ;d:of / cfly{s ;d:ofsf tyf
plrt k8fO{ klg ug{ g;s]sf]n] kl/af/ kfNg
“ldx]gt u/] k|b]z hfg' kb}{g”
“s'v'/f kfngn] :j/f]huf/
jgfof]”
!=gfd M lbg]z cf]nL÷lbks cf]nL
@=7]ufgf M kf/fsf6\g] uf=la=;= j8f g+= !,jfon
#= z}lIfs ca:yf M h]=l6=P÷la=sd
#=;f=;= M lbJoHjtL ;f=;=
$=k[i7e"ld -kl/jf/ tyf e'uf]n_ M
g]kfnsf] b'u{d kxf8L lhNnf aemfËsf] If]q g+ @ cGt/ut k/fsf6\g] uf=la=;= j8f g+=! Dff /x]sf]
jfon ufpFdf a:g] qmdzM aif{ @@ sf lbg]z axfb'/ cf]nL tyf @@ aif{ s} lbks cf]nL ul/a
kl/jf/sf ;b:ox? x'g . lbg]zsf] kl/jf/df # dlxnf tyf # k'?if nufot ^ hgf kl/jf/
/x]sf 5g eg] lbkssf] ( hgf /x]sf 5g .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 30
k};f sdfpg] pb]Zon] ef/tsf] a+nf]/ hfg] uy]{ . plgx?sf kl/af/sf ;b:ox? ef/tdf al;
cfkmgf 3/ kl/jf/sf] lhlasf rnfO{/x]sf lyP . t/ plgx?df kl/af/sf ;b:o ef/tdf uO{
dhb'/L u/]sf] dg kl/ /x]sf] lyPg . of] aif]{gL lab]l;g'sf] ;6\6f uf+p 3/df g} s[lifdf s]lx ug{
;lsG5 ls eGg] ;f]rn] lbg]z cf]nLn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] :yflgo :t/df s[lif k|flalws lzIffno
vf]nL JTA k8g ca;/ lbP nut} plg klg o; ca;/nfO{ ;b'kof]u ul/ !% dlxg]
Agriculture JTA sf] sf]if{ k'/f u/] eg] lbks cf]nLn] ufp+ glhssf] SofDk;df BCOM ug{
yfn] . gftfn] bfh' efO{ kg]{ ePtf klg ;flysf] ;DaGw glhs ePsf]n] plgx? /f]huf/sf
ca;/ vf]hL /x]sf x'Gy] t/ :yflgo :t/df /f]huf/sf] ca;/ gePsf] / hflu/ vfg ;f];{kmf];{
gePsf]n] plgx? lg/f; eO{/x]sf lyP .
^= jt{dfg cj:yf M
olx lg/fzf lar Pp6f cfzfsf] lbk ul/aL
lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] cfly{s tyf ;k|f]; g]kfnsf]
;xlhs/0fdf u7g ePsf] lbAoHof]tL
;f=;=nfO{ b]v] / ;xof]usf] nfuL kl/af/df
;Nnfx u/] . cfkm'nfO{ o; If]qdf s]lx 1fg
ePsf] / o; Aoa;fosf] ahf/ ca:yf klg
;Gtf];hgs ePsfn] kfl/af/Ls ;/
;Nnfxdf df pxfx?sf] kl/af/ dfkm{t
lbJoHjtL ;fd'bflos ;+:yf af6 ?
!))))) C0f lnO{ Joj;flos ?kdf %))
j6f s'v'/f kfng ;'? ug'{eof] . xfn $ n6
s'v'/f laqmL ul/ ;ls k|lt n6 ;/b/ ? %),))) a/fa/ v'b gfkmf ug{' ePsf] 5 o;/L x]bf
aif{df ;/b/ ?=@,)),))) a/fa/ sdfO{ ul//x]sf 5f} eGg' x'G5 pxf+x? . 3'DtL sf]ifsf] klxnf]
ls:tf &%))) ;fjf‘ / %%)) Jofh ul/ ? *)%)) ;d'xdf hDdf ug'{ eof] ePsf] 5 . s'v'/f
knfgsf] sdfO{n] cfkm\gf efO{ jlxgLnfO{ ljBfno k9fpg' x'G5 / pxfx?n] /fd|f] u/]sf] b]v]/
lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no cGtu{t o'jf nlIft sfo{qmd af6 ? @))))) a/fa/sf] sl6ª ;]G6/
:yfkgf u/]] . o; af6sf] sdfO{n] 3/df cfO{kg]{ vr{ rnfpb} cfpg' ePsf] 5 pxf‘n] eGg'x'G5
“clxn] xfdL v'l; / ;'lvsf ;fy
3/kl/jf/ l;t a:g kfPsf] 5'
klxn]sf] cj:yf eGbf clxn]sf] xfd|f]]
3/fo;L cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfpg'sf]
;fy} Joj:yLt s'v'/f kfng u5}{
cfO{/x]sf] 5' k|b]z hfg' k/b}g . cj
cem} pxfF o; Joj;fonfO{ la:tf/
ug{ nfuL/xg' ePsf] 5” . uf+p3/df
clxn] pxf+x?nfO{ o'jf pBdLsf] ?kdf
lrlgg' x'G5 . clxn] pxf+x? cGo
o'jfx?sf] nfuL k|]/0ffsf] ;|f]t aGg'
ePsf] 5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 31
&= kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f M
ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] cfly{s ;xof]u tyf ;k|f]; g]kfnsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf pgs} ufFp
afondf @)^* ;fndf lbJoHjtL ;f ; u7g ePsf] lyof]] . plg pQm ;f=;=df ;b:o /x]/
Aoj;flos s'v'/f kfng Joj;fo ug{ C0f dfu u/], / ul/lj lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6 sfo{s|d
:jLs[t eO{ sfo{s|d ;+rfng eof] . pgn] dfu u/] cg';f/sf] ? !))))).–pQm ;f=;+ af6 qm[0f
lgsfnL kf]N6L kmfd{ ;'?cft u/].pQm Aoj;fo s'v'/f kfng af6 cfkmgf] kl/jf/n] /fd|f] cfDbfgL
ePsf] b]v]/ pgn] yk cGo yk s'v'/f sl6ªsf] klg Aoj;fo la:tf/ u/]sf 5g . o;/L pgn]
s'v'/f kfng af6 cfDbflgsf] af6f] b]v]kl5, ljb]z ghfg] lgwf] ug'{sf ;fy} cfˆgf
5/l5d]sLx?nfO{ klg lab]zdf uP/ c?sf] clwgdf /lx sfdug'{ eGbf cfˆg} ufpF 3/df
Joj;fo u/]/ a:g'g} pQd x'G5 elg ;Nnfx lbO{/x]sf 5g .
*= l;sfO{ M
;d'xdf ;+ul7t eO{ yf]/} nufgLdf Aoj;flos?kdf d]xLg]t u/] lab]z wfpg' kb}{g tyf s'v'/f
kfngdf nfUbf Joj;fo klg /fd|f] / s'v'/fsf] ;'nLdn af6 s[lif pTkfbgdf klg a[l4 xF'bf]
/x]5, eGg] s'/f /fd|/L l;sfO{ ePsf] atfp5g\ plg . ;fy} cfo cfh{gdf cfTdlge{/ x'g ;s]
;dfhdf O{Hht a8\g'sf ;fy} 3/kl/jf/df cfO{kg]{ ;d:ofsf] klg ;dfwfg ePsf] 5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 32
%= ljutsf cjZyf tyf kl/b[Zo M
ufp+sf k|fo h;f] dlxnfx?sf] Joj;fo
eg]sf] g} 3/fo;L sfdnfO{ dfGo ul/
/x]sf] ;d'bfosf Ps lkl8t dlxnf
hfgsL yfkf x'g .pgsf] kl/jf/df >Ldfg
;':t dgl:ytLsf /x]sf / 5f]/f ;fgf]
ePsf] sf/0fn] hfgsL yfkf nfO{ 3/
kl/jf/ sf] 3/fo;L vr{ rnfpg ;fx}{
ufx|f] kl/ /xg] u/]sf] lyof] .
pgn] kl/jf/sf] vr{ wfGgsf] nflu
ljleGg lsl;dsf Hofnf dhb'/L u/]/
hLjg rfo{ rnfpg afWo ePsL lyO{g .
pgsf] Hofnf dgb'/Ln] 3/sf] vr{ grNg]
ePsf] sf/0fn] pgsf dfO{tLx?sf]
;xof]udf 3/ Jojxf/k rnfpg afWo ePsL lyO{g . pxfFn] l;f'v b'v u/]/ ePkgL 5f]/fsf]
k9fO{ nfO[ lg/Gt/tf lbO{ ;'v b'v u/]/ h]=6L=P kf; u/fO{ pRr lzIff xfl;n u/fP/ hflu/sf]
vf]hL ubf{ 5f]/fn] /f]huf/L klg gkfpFbf pxfF lg/f; eO{/x]sf lyP .
“Hofnf dhb'/L eGbf Joj;fo g} pQd”
“s'v'/f kfngn] :j/f]huf/ x'g'sf ;fy} Joj;fodf
a[l4”
!=gfd M hfgsL yfkf
@=7]ufgf M hok[YjL gu/kflnsf $ uf]nfO{ aemfË
#= z}lIfs ca:yf M ;fIf/
#=;f=;= M >L dlxnf hghfu/0f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf
$=k[i7e"ld -kl/jf/ tyf e'uf]n_ M
g]kfnsf] b'u{d kxf8L lhNnf aemfËsf] If]q g+ ! cGt/ut hok[YjL gu/kflnsf $ uf]nfO ufpFdf
a:g] aif{ %! sL hfgsL ykf ul/a kl/jf/sf ;b:ox? x'g pgsf] kl/jf/df cfkm',>Ldfg 5f]/f
a'xf/L / gftL ul/ hDdf ^ hgfsf] kl/jf/ /x]]sf] 5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 33
^= jt{dfg cj:yf M
olx lg/fzf lar Pp6f cfzfsf] lbk
ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] cfly{s tyf
;k|f]; g]kfnsf] ;xlhs/0fdf u7g
ePsf] dlxnf hfu/0f ;fd'bflos nfO{
b]v] / ;xof]usf] nfuL kl/af/df ;Nnfx
u/] . cfkm'nfO{ o; If]qdf s]lx 1fg
ePsf] / o; Aoa;fosf] ahf/ ca:yf
klg ;Gtf];hgs ePsfn] kfl/af/Ls ;/
;Nnfxdf df pxfx?sf] kl/af/ dfkm{t
dlxnf hfu/0f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf af6
@)^( ;fndf ? &)))) C0f lnO{
cfw'lgs vfnsf] vf]/sf] Joj:yf ul/
Joj;flos ?kdf %)) j6f s'v'/f kfng
;'? ug'{eof] . xfn ;Dddf w]/} n6
s'v'/f laqmL ul/ ;ls k|lt n6 ;/b/ ? %),))) a/fa/ v'b gfkmf ug{' ePsf] 5. eg] pxfFn]
;fd'bflos ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0f ;fFjf Jofh ;lxt k'/} ;fd'nbflos ;+:yfdf km]tf{ ul/ ;s]sf
5g\ .
o; s'v'/f kfng Joj;fo af6 ePsf] kmfO{bfaf6 pxfFn] xfn cfP/ *)))) xhf/ vr{ u/]/
ufFpd} v'b|f k;n / s'v'/f sl6Ë ;]G6/ vf]lng o; Jojf;fo ;+u ;+u} pxfFn] xfn cfP/ cem
cfkm\g] ;fd'bflos ;+:yfaf6 %)))) C0f / cfkm' ;+u ePsf] ?k}of+ af6 s'6fgL lk;fgL ldn
vf]ln Joj;fonfO{ cuf8L a9fO{g xfn cfP/ pxfsf] Joj;fdf 3/ k/ljf/sf ;a} hgf ;bfZo
x?n] sfd kfpg'sf ;fy} /f]huf/Ldf klg a[l4 eO{ /x]sf] 5 . o;/L x]bf{ aif{df ;/b/
?=@,)),))) a/fa/ sdfO{ ul//x]sf 5f} eGg' x'G5 pxfsf] 5f]/fn] eGg'x'G5 . cem o; Joj;fo
nfO{ l4uf] ?kdf ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu pxfn] nflu k/]sf] klg jtfpg' x'G5 .
&= kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f M
ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] cfly{s ;xof]u tyf
;k|f]; g]kfnsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf pgs}
ufFp uf]nfO{ ufpdf @)^* ;fndf dlxnf
;f ; u7g ePsf] lyof]] . plg pQm ;f=;=df
;b:o /x]/ Aoj;flos s'v'/f kfng
Joj;fo ug{ C0f dfu u/], / ul/lj lgjf/0f
sf]ifaf6 sfo{s|d :jLs[t eO{ sfo{s|d
;+rfng eof] . pgn] dfu u/] cg';f/sf] ?
&)))).–pQm ;f=;+ af6 qm[0f lgsfnL s'v'/f
kfng kmfd{ ;'?cft u/]. pQm Aoj;fo
s'v'/f kfng af6 cfkmgf] kl/jf/n] /fd|f]
cfDbfgL ePsf] b]v]/ pgn] yk cGo yk s'v'/f sl6ª / v''b|f Jofkf/ nfO[{ lj:tf/ u/]sf 5g .
o;/L pgn] o; Joj;fo af6 ePsf] cfDbfgL / ;d'x af6 bf];|f] rf]6L C0f /sd ?= %))))
nlu s'6fgL lk;fgL ldn /flv Jofj;fo nfO[ ;'b[9 9+uaf6 cuf8L a9fPsf 5g Joj;fo af6
/fd|f]af6 cfDbflgsf] af6f] b]v]kl5, ljb]z Hofnf dhb'/L eGbf Joj;fo g} pQd
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 34
/x]sf] eGg' x'G5 / c sf{sf] clwgdf /x]/ sfd ug'{ eGbf cfˆg} ufpF 3/df Joj;fo u/]/
a:g'g} pQd x'G5 elg ;Nnfx lbO{/x]sf 5g .
*= l;sfO{ M
;d'xdf ;+ul7t eO{ yf]/} nufgLdf Aoj;flos?kdf d]xLg]t u/] csf{sf] sfd ug'{ kb}{g tyf
s'v'/f kfngdf nfUbf Joj;fo klg /fd|f] / s'v'/fsf] ;'nLdn af6 s[lif pTkfbgdf klg a[l4
xF'bf] /x]5 . eGg] s'/f /fd|/L l;sfO{ ePsf] atfp5g\ / Jofkf/ Joj;fo af6 ePsf] kl/jt{gn]
tyf Jofkf/sf] :y/ pGgtLsf] sf/0fn] cfkm\gf] kl/jffdf cfPsf] kl/j{tg sf] sf/0fn] pxfF v'l;
x'g'sf ;fy} cfo cfh{gdf cfTdlge{/ x'g ;s] ;dfhdf O{Hht a8\g'sf ;fy} 3/kl/jf/df
cfO{kg]{ ;d:ofsf] klg ;dfwfg ePsf] 5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 35
pHhn ela:o lt/sf] kfO{nf
k[i6e'dL
aemfË lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd r}gk'/af6 & sf]if
6f8f pQ/ lb;fdf cal:yt d]nla;f}gf uf=la=;
kb{5 . ;8s ;+hfnn] g5f]Psf] o; uf=la=;=df
hDdf ^%) 3/w'/L /x]sf 5g h:df !@$ 3/3'/L
blnt ;d'bfosf] /x]sf] 5 .
o; uf=la=;=df @)^#,)^$ ;fnaf6 ul/aL
lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] cfly{s tyf ;k|f]; g]kfnsf]
k|flalws ;xof]udf @) a6f ;fd'bflos
;+:yfx?df plgx?sf] ;+:yfut lasf; ub}{ cfo
cfh{g tyf ef}lts k'jf{wf/ lasf;sf sfo{qmd
;+rfng ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] 5 .
;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] kl/ro
o; uf=la=;=sf] j8f g++= $ df ul7t a]tfn s[ifs ;fd'bflos ;+:yfn] klg @)^% ;fn b]lv
ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if 4f/f ;+rflnt sfo{qmddf cfa4 eO{ cfo cfh{g tyf k'jf{wf/ lasf;
sfo{qmd ;+rfng ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] 5 . @% 3/w'/L /x]sf] o; ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf k'jfwf/ lasf;
sfo{qmd cGtu{t vfg]kfgL of]hgf tyf cfo cfh{g sfo{qmd ;+rfng eof] .
ljutsf cjZyf tyf b[Zo M
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ;DkGg kl5 v]/ uPsf] kfgLnfO{ ;b'kof]u ub}{ ;d'bfo cfo cfh{g cGto{t
t/sf/L tyf kmnk'mn v]tLdf nfu] . pTkflbt t/sf/L tyf s[lif pkh ;fdfgx?sf] ahf/sf]
?kdf tnsf]6 ahf/ /x]sf] 5 . o; :yfgdf Onfsf sfof{nox? /x]sf]n] klg ahf/df rxnkxn
afSnf] b]lvG5 . ahf/ ePtf klg ;d'bfon] cfkmgf] pTkfbg a]Rg] lglZrt :yfg (Institution) gePsf] sf/0f plrt d'No gkfO{/x]sf] ca:yf lyof] . :yflgo Aofkf/Lsf] dgf]dfGo ;xg'sf ;fy}
v'Nnf cfsf; d'lg t/sf/L a]Rg w]/} ;do vr{g' kg]{ afWotf lyof] .
Aoa;flos l:ytL
o:t} ;d:ofx? ;+u h'lw /x]sf ls;fg wgnfn e08f/L . plg ef/tsf] d'DaO{df * aif{
rf}lsbf/ eP/ sfd ug'{ ePsf] lyof], o; calwdf af/Daf/ ckx]lnt tyf ckdflgt x'+bf
k/b]zdf rf}sLbf/ eP/ a:g' eGbf t uf+pdf g} ls;fg eP/ a:g' a]z elg s[lif If]qdf s]lx
u? elg cfkmgf] uf+p kms{g' eof] . t/ uf+pdf cfaZos k'jf{wf/sf] cefa,:yflgo Aofkf/Lx?sf]
dgf]dfGo tyf sfnf]ahf/Lsf sf/0f chxh dx;'; ul//x]sf lyP . ;fpx?sf] rsf]{ Aofh eGbf
@)^& ;fn df3 dlxgfdf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf ePsf] 3'lDtsf]if /sdaf6 ?= ^)))) C0f lnO{
a]tfn s[ifs t/sf/L ;+sng tyf v'b|f lalqm k;n tnsf]6 ahf/df :yfkgf u/] tyf cfkmgf]
uf+pdf t/sf/Lsf] ks]6 If]qsf] ?kdf lasf; ug{ jsfnt klg ub}{ uP . o; k;nsf] :yfkgf
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 36
;+u} ;d'bfox?n] pTkfbg u/]sf s[lif pkh ;fdfu|Lx?sf] ;xh lalqm tyf plrt d'No kfP eg]
o;} k;naf6 ;'ky d'Nodf b}lgs pkef}Uo ;fdfu|Lx?sf] klg ;xh kx'+r eof] . wgnfn
e08f/Ln] cfkmgf] k;nsf ;fdfu|L cGo k;nsf] eGbf sd d'No lgwf{/0f u/] . pgsf] ;f]rfO{df
sd gfkmf lnO{ al8 ;fdfu|L lalqm ug{ ;s] ;d'bfox?nfO{ kmfO{bf klg x'g] tyf cfkmgf] gfkmf
klg ;'/lIft x'g] lyof] .
“;d'bfosf] ;fy ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfa tyf cfkmgf] s8f kl/>fdsf] kmn
k|fKt eO{/x]sf] 5 / o;df d Psbd ;Gt'i6 tyf v'l; 5'” eGg' x"G5 . “ul/a ls;fgsf] 5f]/f]
d ul/aLn] k8\g ;lsg t/ 5f]/f]nfO{ l8u|L kf; u/fp5' elg sf7df08f}df k8fO{/x]sf] 5' / o:tf]
ug{] cf+6 ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifn] dnfO{ lbPsf] 5 elg ua{ ;fy eGg' x'G5 . 5f]/f]nfO{ $ aif{sf]
cGt/fndf !$ nfv vr{ ePsf] / o;} sfo{qmdn] pxf+sf] ul/a ls;fgaf6 ;kmn pBdLsf]
?kdf kl/ro ag]sf] 5 eGg' x'G5” wgnfn e08f/L .
xfnsf] ca:yf
pxf+sf] xfnsf] ca:yf x]bf{ sdfO{ nf]e nfUbf] 5 . ;fd'bflos ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0f ! aif{df
;f+jf tyf Aofh ;lxt r'Qmf ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . ;d'bfox?sf] s[lif pkhx?sf] plrt d'Nodf
vl/b ul/ b}lgs pkef]Uo ;fdfu|L ;'ky d'Nodf pknAw u/fpg'sf ;fy} ahf/df /x]sf sfnf]
ahfl/ofx?sf] Aofkf/ rf}k6 kfl/ ahf/sf] d'No sG6f]{n ug'{ ePsf] 5 . clxn] pxfsf] dfl;s
sf/f]af/ ;/b/ ^ b]lv & nfv /x]sf] 5 h:sf] k'i6fO{ pxf+n] /fVg' ePsf] lx;fa lstfan] klg
k|i6 kf5{ . pxf+ o; Ifqsf] c;n tyf O{dfGbf/ Aofkf/L ePsf] ahfË lhNnf pBf]u afl0fHo
;+3sf cWoIf hut dNn klg atfpg' x'G5 .
wg a= e08f/L uf}/asf ;fy eGg' x'G5 ls klxnf dnfO{ /fHon] ;xof]u uof}{ clxn] d /fHonfO{
;xof]u ul//x]sf] 5' s/ lt/]/ . cfkmgf] Aoa;fo pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3df btf{ ul/ aflif{s ?kdf
lhDd]af/ Aoa;flosf] x}l;otn] /fHon] tf]s] adflhdsf] ?= $%)) a/fa/ s/ ltg'{ x'G5 . pxf+
h;/L lhDa]af/ Aoa;flo x'g' x'G5 To;/Lg} ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf o'jf lk+8LnfO{ ;s/fTds ;f]r
lnP/ Aoa;fo ug{ k|]l/t ug'{ x'G5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 37
v'lz 5g\ lutfb]la la=s=
aemfË lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfdaf6 sl/a $# ls=ld 6f9f las6 lk5l8Psf efdrf}/ uf=la=; jf8{ g=& sf] s'/f xf] . o; lhNnfdf ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu ;xof]uL ;+:yf 5gf}6 ul/ u|fld0f jfta/0f ;'wf/ ;ldltn] efdrf}/ uf=la=;df sfo{qmd ;+rfng u¥of] . cf=a )^*÷)^(;fndf ul7t kf+rj6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdWo] di6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf efdrf}/ & ufh/L klg Ps xf] . o; jf8{df sl/a !%) 3/3'/L cGt{ut o; ufh/L 6f]nnfO{ 5gf}6 ul/ dlxnf, blnt / lk5l8Psf au{nfO{ ;d]6]/ #) 3/w'/Lsf] di6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf u7g ul/of] . s[lif k]zfsfnflu gt vlgvf];|g] hldg gt afvf|kfngsf nflu k|z:t h+un g} t/ klg ;d'bfosf] a}7df afv|fkfng Aoa;fo dfu u/]tfklg Ifdtf lasf; tflnd kZrft Aoa;fo kl/jt{g ul/ k/Dk/fut ?kdf k'vf{n] cuf+Nb} cfPsf] tfdfsf ef8fs'8f+ agfpg] Aoa;fo ug]{ lgwf] ul/g\ . h;sf nflu di6f ;fd'bflos ;+:yf af6 ? ;f]x| xhf/ dfq cfly{s ;xof]u dfu ul/g\ .
3/ g= $) ls lutf b]la la=ssf ;ft hgf 3/kl/jf/ dWo] %hgf dlxnf/ @ hgf k'?if /x]sf 5g\ . s8f kl/>d u/]/ klg kl/jf/sf] xftd'v hf]g{ wf} wf} k/]sL lutf ul/aLsf] s'rs|af6 aflx/ lg:sg g;s]ls lutfnfO{ sf]ifsfo{s|d ;xf/f aGof] . dflyNnf] hftsf elgPsf clwsf+z If]lqx¿sf]a;f]af; /x]sf] al:tdf blnt kl/jf/x¿ If]lqx¿sf] ;]af u/]afkmt lhag lgaf{xsf nflu clnslt cGGf lbg] / lng] ug{] uy{] . h;n] ubf{ Tof] blnt kl/jf/ k/lge{/ ?kdf lhlasf]kfh{g ul//x]sf lyP . l;k / snfdf wlg ePtf klg lolgx¿n] pTkfbg u/]sf] snf Psd'l7 cGgdf lals| ug{'kg{] /x]sf] u'gf;f] atfpG5g\ 3/d'nL df]xg a= la=s. k/Dk/fut ?kdf rln/x]sf] Aoa;fo lbg k|ltlbgsf a8\bf] cfw'lglss/0fn] ubf{ k'/fgf ef8fsf] cjd'Nog ePtf klg nf]k eO{/x]sf] ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ug{sf nflu klg k'gM ;f]lx Aoa;fo ug{sf nflu sf]ifaf6 C0f :j?k lnO{Psf] !^)) ?lkof+af6 wgu9Laf6 tfdf vl/b ul/ /x]sf] 5 . pQm tfdf af6 tfpnL , ufu|L nf]6f cflb agfP/ :yflgo uf+pm :yflgo ahf/ / l5d]]ls uf=la=;df lals| ul/ ^)))) ?lkof+ sdfPsf] atfplG5g lutf b]la las. o; lhNnfdf laut aif{b]lv sf]if sfo{s|d u|fld0f aftfa/0f ;'wf/ ;ldltsf] ;xlhs/0fdf lutf h:t}lakGg cfly{s ca:yfsf ;b:o nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . klxn] lutf nfO{ ;d'bfodf Ps k};fklg C0f kTofpb}gy] t/ xfn tfdf
tfdfsf ef8f agfpb]]}
lutf b]la / kl/jf/sf ;b:o
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 38
Aoa;foaf6 cfDbflg ug{yfn] kl5 ;a}n] kTofg] u/]sf 5g\ . at{dfg ca:yfdf pgsf cfDbflgsf] d'Vo ;|f]tsf] ?kdf sf]if sfo{s|d aGgfn] pgsf 3/sf ;Dk'0f{;b:o nfO{ xft d'v hf]g{ wf}+ wf} kg{] ;d:ofaf6 d'Qm ePsf 5g\ eG5g\ ;fdflhs kl/rfns dlgiff wfld. xfn ;d'bfodf cfly{s ca:yfsf ;fy} ;fdflhs ca:yfdf klg s]lx kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . klxn] klxn] gfgfy/L s'/f uy{} t/ cfhef]ln ;fx'gL eG5g\ ;fy} 5'j5't klg sd dfGg] u/]sf] kfO{G5 .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 39
l;nfO{ s6fO{ tflndn] Nofof] ;fw'sf] hLjgdf kl/jt{g
Ps aif{ cl3 lbglbg} emu8f kg{] ;fw' g]kfnLsf] 3/ clxn] d]nldnfksf] gd'gf ePsf] 5
ufFpdf . lbglbg}sf] 3/ emu8fsf] lk/nf] nfO zfGt kfg{ lbgx'F h;f] /S;L vfP/ xlNng] ;fw'
clxn] ;'lw|Psf] b]v]/ ufFpn] dfq xf]Og pgsf >LdtL / 5f]/f 5f]/L klg 5Ss k/]sf 5g .
5f]/fx¿sf] k9fO{ vr{ clg b}lgssf] xftd'v hf]g{] ;d:of pgsf nfuL kmnfdsf] Ro'/f ;/x
ePsf] lyof] . k/Dk/fut k]zf l;nfO ePklg !# aif{sf] slnnf] pd]/df 3/af6 efu]/ ef/t
k;]sf ;fw'n] nuftf/ !% aif{ ef/tdf s'NnL dhb'/L u/]/ ljtfP . #) gfl3;s]kl5 3/ kms{]sf
;fw'n] g k/Dk/fut l;nfpg] l;k g} l;Sg kfP gt sdfO vfg] hldg hUuf, ltg ;Gtfgsf
afa' plg ;+u lhjg u'hf/fsf] s'g} ljsNk g} lyPg .
:yfgLo pkNnf hfltsf] v]tdf Hofnf dhb'/L u/]/ h]gt]g kl/jf/ wfGb} cfPsf pgsf] lhjgdf
Tolt j]nf cf;fsf ls/0f b]lvP hj pgn] l;nfO{ s6fO{ tflnd kfP . ul/lj lgjf/0f sf]ifsf]
;fem]bf/Ldf ;fdflhs ljsf; s]Gb| g]kfnn] pgsf] ufFp l/7fkf6fsf] blnt a:tLdf njf;}g
;fd'bflos ;+:yf u7g u/]k5L @)^* ;fnsf] ;fpg b]vL c;f]h dlxgf ;Dd ;+rfng u/]sf] tLg
dlxg] l;nfO{ s6fO{ tflnd lnPsf g]kfnLn] ;6{,kfOG6,rf]nL nufotsf n'uf l;nfpg] l;k l;s] /
;f]lx ;+:yfaf6 d]l;g vl/b ug{sf nfuL *))) qm[0f lnO l;nfO d]l;g vl/b u/]sf lyP .
bz}sf] a]nf l;nfO Joj;fo ;'? u/]sf pgn] ufFpdf g} k|;:t sfd kfP/ b}lgs @)) b]vL
!%)) ;Dd cfDbfgL x'g yfn] kl5 o; Joj;fodf nfUg yk xf};nf kfPsf] jtfP . ætgfj /
emu8fsf] sf/0f cefj /x]5 b'O rf/ k};f lgoldt cfDbfgL x'g yfn] k5L clxn] ;a} l7s
ePsf]5Æ v'zL x'b} ;fw'n] eg] ælhjg b]lv g} lj/Qm nfu]/ /S;Lsf] ;fxf/f lnPsf] lyPF sfd ug{
yfn] k5L /S;L vfg] km';{b g} kfOb}g Æ.
;d'xsf] a}7sdf lgoldt art tyf 5nkmndf ;xefuL x'g] pgn] ;d'xsf cGo ;b:onfO klg
Joj;fodf nfUg pTk|]l/t ug{] u/]sf 5g . l;nfO Joj;fo ul/ ;d'xsf] qm[0f lkmtf{ ul/;s]sf
;fw'n] clxn] cfkm' ;Fu ePsf] s]xL /sd / ;d'x af6 !) xhf/ qm[0f lnP/ cfkm}n] sk8f lsg]/
s]6f s]6Lsf n'uf l;nfP/ a]Rg] / l;nfO Joj;fo nfO km:6fpg] of]hgf agfPsf] atfP .
æeljZodf cfkm\g} nufgLdf ePklg pRr :t/sf] l;nfO tflnd lnP/ o;} Joj;fonfO lhag
e/ cjnDjg ug{]5'Æ pgn] eg] .
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 40
cg';"rL @ M ;fljssf uf=lj=;= cg';f/ btf{ ePsf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfsf] ;+Vof tyf ;Demf}tf
ePsf pk kl/of]hgfx?sf] ljj/0f
S.No. Name of VDC No. of
Registred COs
Sub-Projects Agreement Detail
IG SPs INFRA SPs Grand Total
1 Banjh 7 5 4 9
2 Bhairabanath 10 10 1 11
3 Bhamchaur 13 13 2 15
4 Bhatekhola 24 21 5 26
5 Byasi 10 9 1 10
6 Chainpur 16 15 2 17
7 Chaudhari 13 11 2 13
8 Dahabagar 25 24 22 46
9 Dangaji 19 17 8 25
10 Dantola 7 7 2 9
11 Daulichaur 26 24 10 34
12 Deulekh 10 7 3 10
13 Deulikot 10 7 3 10
14 Dhamena 4 3 1 4
15 Gadaraya 8 8 1 9
16 Hemantabada 18 11 13 24
17 Kadel 12 12 1 13
18 Kailash 10 10 2 12
19 Kalukheti 18 11 7 18
20 Kanda 8 5 4 9
21 Kaphalaseri 9 7 2 9
22 Khiratadi 11 11
11
23 Koiralakot 19 17 5 22
24 Kot Bhairab 19 18 7 25
25 Kotdewal 13 12 6 18
26 Lamatola 14 14 2 16
27 Lekhgau 9 9
9
28 Luyanta 17 17 7 24
29 Majhigau 16 15 2 17
30 Malumela 18 17 9 26
31 Mashdev 18 17 6 23
32 Matela 24 22 8 30
33 Maulali 8 6 3 9
34 Melbisauni 18 17 14 31
35 Parakatne 23 23 14 37
36 Patadewal 23 9 15 24
37 Pauwagadhi 16 15 1 16
38 Pipalkot 10 8 2 10
39 Rayal 9 9 1 10
40 Rilu 23 22 15 37
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 41
S.No. Name of VDC No. of
Registred COs
Sub-Projects Agreement Detail
IG SPs INFRA SPs Grand Total
41 Rithapata 9 9 1 10
42 Sainpasela 9 9
9
43 Subeda 11 11
11
44 Sunikot 15 14 8 22
45 Sunkuda 10 7 4 11
46 Surma 4 2 2 4
47 Syandi 8 7 1 8
Total 651 574 229 803
CO federation 61 6 55 61
Grand Total 712 680 284 864
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 42
cg';"rL # M :yfgLo tx / u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd
District Rural Municipality/
Municipality
नगरपालिका-१
गाउँपालिका-२
उपमहानगर-३
महानगर-४
वडा
संख्या केन्द्र
कोषको
काययक्रम
(छ/छैन)
यदि छ भने वाडय नं
हरु
रकम प्राप्त सा.
सस्था संख्या
िर्ाय मात्र
भएको सा.
सस्था
संख्या
जम्मा सा.
सस्था
संख्या
काययक्रम भएको
सालिकको गालवस/
नपाको नाम
साझेिार संस्था कैदियर्
Bajhang Jayaprithvi 1 11
जयपृथ्वी
नगरपालिका
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,
8,9, 10,11 ९७ ० ९७
Luyata, Rithapata, Chainpur,
Hemantawada, Kailash
GSTDS, SAPPROS
Nepal, SDC, MVDB
Bajhang Bungal 1 11
लिरार्डी
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,
8,9, 10,11 ७० ० ७०
Kafalseri, Deulikot,
Dahabagar, Khiratadi, Pipalkot
DNGOCC, SAPPROS
Nepal, REIC
Bajhang Talkot 2 7
मेिलवसौना
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ४७ ० ४७
Melbisauna, Dhamena,
Dantola, Sunikot
LDF, MBDV, SDC,
SAPPROS Nepal
Bajhang Masta 2 7
भार्ेिोिा
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ९३ ० ९३ Rilu, Bhatekhola,
Kotdewal
MVDB, LDF, SAPPROS
Nepal
Bajhang Khaptadchhanna 2 7
माँलझगाउ
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 १०३ ० १०३
Majhigaun, Lamatola,
Patadewal, Kalukheti, Gadraya,
Pauwagadi
LDF, MBDV, SDC, GSTDS
Bajhang Thalara 2 9
कोटभैरव
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,
8,9 १०१ ० १०१
Malumela, Dangaji,
Parakatne, Kotbhairav, Koiralakot
LDF, SAPPROS
Nepal
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 43
District Rural Municipality/
Municipality
नगरपालिका-१
गाउँपालिका-२
उपमहानगर-३
महानगर-४
वडा
संख्या केन्द्र
कोषको
काययक्रम
(छ/छैन)
यदि छ भने वाडय नं
हरु
रकम प्राप्त सा.
सस्था संख्या
िर्ाय मात्र
भएको सा.
सस्था
संख्या
जम्मा सा.
सस्था
संख्या
काययक्रम भएको
सालिकको गालवस/
नपाको नाम
साझेिार संस्था कैदियर्
Bajhang Bitthadchir 2 9
िउेिेक
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,
8,9 २८ ० २८
Syandi, Deulekh, Sunkunda
DNGOCC
Bajhang Surma 2 5
िौलिचौर
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5 ३१ ० ३१ Surma, Dolichaur SDC, LDF
Bajhang Chhabispathibhera
2 7
व्ाँलस
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ५६ ० ५६ Kadel, Byasi,
Lekgaun, Matela GSTDS, LDF
Bajhang Durgathali 2 7
चौधारी
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 २९ ० २९
Maulali, Sainpasela, Chaudhari
REIC, LDF
Bajhang Kedarsyun 2 9
रायि
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,
8,9 ३८ ० ३८
Banjh, Rayal, Bhamchaur, Bhairavnath
DNGOCC, REIC
Bajhang Kanda 2 5
काँडा
गा.लव.स को
कायायिय
छ 1,2,3,4,5 ९ ० ९ Kanda SDC
Jfflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg, aemfË cf=j= @)&#.&$ k]h g+= 44
cg';"rL $ M ks]6 If]q ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;f/f+z ljj/0f
Summary Information of Pocket Area Development Projects, Bajhang
SN Community Organization Name
Name of Pocket area ( Product Name)
Name of PO Contact person name
Contact No. Number of COs
Total HHs
Agreement Date
Agreement Amount Rs.
Installament realeased from PAF Rs.
Due payment from PAF Rs.
Expenditure status
Income Rs.( till date)
Remarks
1
Bhumiraj Mik production and processing Cooperative LTD. (Bhumiraj Dugdha Utpadan tatha Sankalan Kendra), Deulekh Ward no. 4 and 5
Milk production and Dairy establishment pocket area devlopment project
Dalit Non government organization (DNGOCC)
Hari Pd. Upadhya (PO) Gagan Dhant (CO)
9865618418 (PO) 9848990240 (CO)
3 52 2073.03.10 2,216,856 1,773,485
443,371
Shed improve, Account keeping training, Collection center (building), instruments collection, electricity and furnishing, LRP, Land lease, Marketing management training, fodder tree management, hording board, monitoring and evaluation etc.
780,000
2
Shree Bhagawati Dewal Garibi Niwaran Tarkari Utpadan Kendra, Parakatne ward no. 1 and 3
Commercialvegetable farming pocket area development project
SAPPROS Nepal
Prem Bahadur Bohara (PO); Bishnu Bdr. Bista (CO)
9848619495 (PO), 9749039795 (CO)
5 154 2073.2.12 2,498,744 2,279,970
218,774
Capacity building- 92400 LRP-30000 Collection center construction- 564250 Land lese 15 year- 200000 Green house construction-1125000 monitoring-20000
1,496,000