*El ,-..l

JOH S.RIHADSN)Je.4 (L lX *TRIL9S ogJNAY2, S4

THE*SUMTER BANNERIS PUBLSIIED

Every Wedaesatity iMlorniag- BY

Lewis & Richardson.TEIM8,

TWO DOLLARS in advance, Two Dollarsand Fifty Cant:- at the expiration of s-ix montlisor Tiree Dollarg at ill end of the year.No paper discontitinued intil all arrearagesare PA I'D, unless at the option oftlhe Proprietors.C.$iP Ad vertisctneeits iiierted at SLV EN''Y-Fl VI9 Cents per square, (1,2 liites or less,) forthe lirst, and half that snm for each suibseqn.intinsertion, (Oflitial advertisemtents the satmieeach time).aA7 The number of insertions to be marked

onl all A vertisementsor they will be publisheduntil orderedl to be discontinued, anti cliargedaccordin;ly.ft7 ONlE DOLLAR per square for a sin-gle unserotim. Quarterly and Mlontly Adver-tiseentats will be cltarge.l the same as asingleinsertion, and semiti-nunthly the samIe us new

P Obitiarys andi Tributes of Respectover twelve lines, charged us advertisements.

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION.Lawcs of Soul Is Ca roliss, passedat the Sessioa of1 the Geunera'lIAssembly of 1M51.

AN ACT to I'aise supplies for theyear commencing in October, on e

thousand eiglt hundred and fifty-fourl.SEC. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate

and House of Representatives now metand sitting in General Assenbbl ainrby te authority of the same, That atax for the sums, and in the mannerherein-after ientioned, shall be raisedand paid itto the pulblic treasury ofthe State, for the -ise and service there-of, that is to say: filly cents ad valor-em onl every hundred dollars of thevaltic of all the lands granated in thisState, according to ilho existing clazsi-fication as heretofore established; one.L* t cent per acre on all latds lyingwithin the C.t.awaI)nfidiaun honda.y,to be paid by cach grantee or lesseeof said Indian lands, tilii othelrwisedirected by law; sixty cents per headott all slaves; two dollars oin each freenegro, mulatto Or mlestizo betweenithe ages of' fifteen antdliIly years, ex4dAch-a li proved,

to.-the satisfaction of tihe collectors, tobe incapable, fronmainis or otherwise,of procuring a livelihood: twenty centsad valorem on every luiidr'ed dollarsof' the value of all lots, lands aidbuildings within any city, town, villageor borough in tle State; sixty Celts

per hundred dollars ott fictorage em

ploymenclts, faculities and professionls.including the profession of dentistry.(whether in tiae professionl of the lawthe prolits be detived from the costsof suit, fees or other sources of professional incomtte.) excepting clergymen, school-lmasters, school.mistressesand mechanies, and ont the amnaut ofcommissions received by vendue masters and commission merchant.,; thirtycntts per hunidred dollars ott the capi.tal stock paid inl ot the first of October, one thousand eight haudred andfifty-four, of all banks which, for theirprese-nit cnarters, have not, paid a bo.nus to thle State; twe'.ty ceits per htidred dollars on the capital Ptock of allincorporated gas-ligit coaniaties; one

per cent, on all preiniums taken inlthis State by incorporated IisuranceCompanies, and by the agencies of insur-alice Conpaies aid undeiwriterswithtout ithe limits (of this Slate; tencetnts upon evetry tunidried dotlars aofthe amount oft sales of tzoods, waresand mecrchandtiise, emabracinig atll theatrticles oif trade for sate, barter otr exchange, (the products of thtis State andthe unmian ahetuired products of anyof the Uniited States or territoriesther'eof excepted,) which atny per'sonshall have made fromi the firs.'t day ofJanutary, of the pr-esenit year, to thefirst dlay of January, iti the year' ofour Lord otto thiousaind eight huntdredand filty-five, eitheri (on his, her or thte.rcapital, or but-rowed capital, oir oin necount of any persotn or persoits asagent, attoirney oir conisignlee; t wentycents upon every hundred dotltars ofthis amiouint of sales of gioods, wartesanid nmerchanidize whatever, whtich anaytransitnt persont, niot resident in thisState, sth atiake in any hotuse, stall orPubl,1ic place; ten dlatrits per day forrepresentitng pulil-yh~, for gatin atndrewatrd. atny platy, comedy, traigedy,intetrltde or far'ce, or other31 etmpjloy-men4ta of the stage, oir atny part, ther'ein;or for exhibiting wax figures or othershows of'any kind whaatsoever', to bepaid inito tito hianld.' of' the Clerk-s of'the Court respe.. tivecly, whlo shall bebountd tao pay the samtte into thle pub.lie treasurty, except in cases where thesame is now~required by laiw to be*paid to corporations orI oither'wise.

'Ssc. 2. T1hat all taxes levied otnproapertey as. prescr'ibead in the ftirststetiont ofthis aict, shalt bepi thtax cleorfor the distriet, or parishjn iy~h said property is locate'.

Sacc4L lnt makitng assessmtenits fortaxoe ntitit iue (if taxabile propert ytided ataiinn inlturigg 0i: for raittroadpuirposis withitt this Sto9 the value

l tie m iachmery used therein lshallnot he inchided, brt only the value ol'tie lots ad buildings as propertymrrerely.

1-:C. 4. That the tax collectors ir,tlie several districts aid parishes inhbis State, inl their returins hereafter tobe iade. be and they are hereby re-

<poired and enjoiied to state the previse airimiount of*taxes collected by thorm.for the purpose of supporting the po.lice of the said several districts arldparishes aforesaid. stating the ratesper centnianal on the amounits of theState tax collected for said district aidparish police purposes; arid the Comp--troller General shall return the sameinl his report.

SEC I. That free negroes, milat.toes, mustizoes be, and they are here.by, repinired to niake their returns,arid pav their taxes during the inonhof' March.II tie Senate House. the tventy-firstday of December, in the yea-r (IourLo rd one thousand eight hinelredand fillty-foiir, and in tle seventyintlh year of the 9(1v.reignlty andlidepen(lence of' tire United Statesof' America.

R. F. \V. ALLSTON,Prestfdent q the Senate.

JAM ES SINIONS,SpeakerJ ofthe Jouse < fRepesentatires.

Ve make tie 61lowirrg extiact firoan article entitled " Was Napoleon a

Dictator?" which we fiid in Putlatam'sJanura ry NUmber. The whole articleis full of' interest, and if we are iiotm uclh mistakei comes froim the pert ofthe present learned Profe.ssor of' jI istio.ry, in onei College. It looks v-erymnch like the Doctor and the stleund manner are certainly his. Theextract f'uirnishes a very striking parrai el between Washinlgtoni and theFrench Emperor.-[o. %-,-.

The emperor himself wv is desirrolsof' havinrg tis reigni considered as adictatori'ii p. Tll is was at least thecase in his exile, where, as it is well

and was natural, lie oeeniedhiimself' mneh with his nama1,e aid repi-tation as thkey-mould appear teo posterltv. On one occasitoln ie oh.-rve1 :---Some people hatvC said thrt I oghlrt tohave rade nivsel' a French Washirgte. AIl tat, I was allowed to he wasa crowred Washingtilo.- For le toaiitate W ashrinagtonii would have beena

I niiserie." iIle eit, numltedlrl)(iv.that. eiretnstant-eeo did noit alloiw Inillto be a \Vashingtem. This is truebtt it is equal!y trare that Ie could iev.cir have be. 11 a Vashinrgtn, whatevertie cirenstances miigtlit have been.

TI.re rfe .n-> Iwo ini ill he wholeba'eadlth of' history more luarlike to (NeLrnoterlrl. \rasli ntoi's fel lmw star ofahe birnary Colstellationr is William ofNassan, the fiouner l' the NetirlaamIr'epublIlic, Iot Ilmraptarte crouwned oru nerownied.Napoleon's aid Washington's Inindz.

and souls difl'ered nole)14!.;., thI iibodies. The one wv'as wio Ilv AnaiCaa, or Telntolnie ; the other a ver ytype of tihe Celtic or Iberiai. The #)faegreat and n1oble as a eahrn aind peaseverinrg iraon of' duity ; Ire othier i .ny(nnaWis. arid of' flashy brillianey. \ashilgtim has ever appeared to us as tlehistorie mlodel of' sounad common sense.arnd sterling joimnt, coupled withlrimmrenlate peatri. tiism. TJhecre wa':snoetharng brillanrt in W as~hingtnea, nnh-~a-s,inrdeed, thre Fabian geniuis of aiiy ieldirg perseverance ini a high carel', becalled brillia.,t. N apoleonr, on threoIthlen' hanid is, possibly13, tht mo' st brail.l'ait ebarac~rtear of' alil :.ode'nr times.--Glorciy was his very idol. WVashiingtonwas'obeI.dient to the law, a law aidinlimnian if (ver threre wats one ; Na poleoncorstarrtly broke (down the law whenit, appeared rnecessai'y to hirm, arid itap~peared't tol himi ofteL'iso. WVash iin'ion aided ini creating a new emrpi re;Napol eaon createdl, orn aimedLl at cr'eatinrgaros n fa s~rngle fjidpne'-a svrneof colon i'frm a distanrt iiiother coun try ; Nap olceon areoseon11t of' a hiearirr ilalterrnaI rev' llit Iiin.Wasiingtoni is daily growing in theaflectionr of' historgy, anrd thre is thremorlst, irear'kable nlriformrity of opJirionlr'egardiing Iris ebaarnaeer ; there is thaegreatest, Iil'eee of' opoIiin'C~ilre:ringNapoleon's, and. ihlowever rmaniy maryaidmine hrimr, rio one love~s him, exceptsorme sri v'ors, wVhol hnave r'ecei vealacts of' persona;l kiiidnhess at his hiands.No iman ever loves power mrely as11p~ower. We could anot even love 'Go~dwere fie only adhnaihrty. Washmirgtonine~veri per'sec'ated ; Ihe impil'irind niopponiert, bairishied noi ernemaiy, aind

whenr Ire died hais barrds wei'e unrstainredlike Pericles ; Napoleon banished,imri'stoned, arid perisecuted, and developed a systemi of police, which miiusthe0 called stuapendons, onl accotunt. of itsvalstnress, comrpl eteriess, prerfection,power, anrd pcienetrtng relinoemient-a snysterm pressing to thiit day .oanF'irnce lirke anr Alp, arid wich ma'kesall that Aristotle wvrites on the polico

of uisurpers appear as the veriest, trash.Ie DiOn) siani SyCO)liInt was t polor

(mngler, Compared to an agent of theFrench secret police; and, be it wellremnieibered, this gigantic police sys.tem with the gendarmerie, and ill t hethousand ramifications, is essentiallyNapoleonic. It was developed in allits stifling grandeur under hiin, and is.unfortunately, more truly his own,than the code which bear.; his name.

Washington was strictly institutional in his character, and neverdreamed of concentration of power.-It' Satan ever appeared to him showinghim the glory an(.' power of a kingdomIt earth, it was buried in his nioblebreast, and io act or word of his hasever shown even a struggle to heatdown th tempLter. N:apil ifeon had noiinstinct Ihr institutional governmentwhlatever,* and constantly struck uontnew brillianey to make him and hispeople more glious. Washing toniwas I citizen, and statesmainai, a patriotand also a soldier; Napoletin wassoldier above all. lie acknowledges11, and is proud f it. To be thegreatest captain was4 his greatest glory.We Americans acknowledge th'atWashiiington plainly served his coulltry, to which lie bowed as the greatthi :g above him and alive all; thegreatest adirers of Napol1eon sathat " soldiers, moley, people, wel einl his hands but Ivalls to establisi.In systewc gradniose."t Waingttoniever was ia dictator, .nd never aimiii edat. a dictatorship; Napolcon claims theLitle to exp!ain ur exiiSes his desp iisiland cen) tral ism1. Washington neviercompared himself to any (ine; Naioleli. comlpares imiselflto him. %. ashIgtoli's policy was strictly domestie.mtid in Ieaving public life lie urges th.-SiLillil from'In foreign policy as a0 r.4must essential point in tie lwhotleAmericani State system. Napoleon'spolicy became fromn year to year moreforeigl, tmtil it ended almost exclnsively ill cuilue-it, and11 aln abs'oluctesupremliacy of France, to which all elsewas sacraiticed. Washington was a1modest ai; Napoleon looked uponlimself as a sort of.Fate. Wa:,hing.tonla wa1s one ->t the 4egianers theRft'vittlo i'itpo cleo steccs in whent11lie revolution of* his ciountry a

Already developed immense powerancd frces. \Vahington aimed at noelevationi of his faiily, and dies I

jin4tice of the peace; Naloleonu writesi-) Joseph: I anlit a mi.aily of' kings(it me /zmt une unille Ie rois.)Washington divests himiellf of theUhief laigistracy, votlultarily andIracefil ly, leaving tio his 'people atemnc t which afer ages liior likea ptlmitical gtspel; Napioleonl, in his lastlav, is oclpied with the idea oiitinnily aggrandizeut, or with themnelais by which his house imay beprevented fiot mingling again withonillilon len. Durilgl his closing"

illness lie directs General Bertrand toadvise, inl his namie, the iemcibers ofhis annily to settle chiefly in IRome.w hIIre their children oug.h t to beIllarried to the priieely aiiii ilies ofIIle Colonis, &c., anid w.here Somitelliaplarte wojuld no't fiil to becmepopie. Jcromei li Caroline oucighit ticreside ii Switzerland, where, in ierne.lihe) ilimist establishi theiselves inl theSwiiss "* Oligalueby."' and where aladammai6n1.i would belc'taini tofldl to the fiiniily; andic the chiltlienc ofdosellh, shldc lhe remiaini in Ameirica,miighit mai~rry inito the great famiilies (ofthe \Vaiilshigtccsad den'e~rsoins, aiid ailI napasrte wou Ild cme Precsideniit ioflie iited St ates.s Wasingtona wais

all that, :his 'ciuntry at the timerequciredh, and no mou re; he was thuis,anid r'emainis, a political bilessing to ouri

Fiance retqired, andt ito imiore DidIihe desires ofihis geniins and( his pci son.cal grt'at~n ess nolt pre'sent themiiselvyes asFiance to hiis cnormoincis in d? EvenLouinis Na poltecon hazs said on his thronecthait his unicle, it muiist be ownced, hasdliovedl wair tio much.

lith WaV.:shiingtoni and Napolieonhave been ment'l of' high act ion anidsolme pont of' silniiarity unditoubhtedllyexist, but, tI) find thIeml 'is a work cotigeniciity. rat her thanii one that natu-irally presentts itself to an inigeinuous

Taii' CAsc. o1r Yot'ac 'EI.~-Froma high ofliciail son ree, at. IIavaina, welemini that tour Cocnsul (as wuellI as allicither fpersonhs) has benl deiedpclter-mlissioni to visit, Mr1. lFelix in pirisuin.'he othoir prisolner, Laicstte, is coiifined

iii a cell descri bed as a " hiorrid deii,"anmd is to he tried Ihv a military com-liion~i--resulIt, d'th moist Ii kcl y.-

Mtr. Felix wtiuld have beena as severelytreated buit ir thle initeres t. mnifestedlby~our governmenht anid iluient ial ill.dividumals. H~e is bectter treated as itis, anid the Consul hopecs yet Li) obitainCcimmlunienationi with imii. Tlhe iEnig-1ish and Scotch tradens at Hlavania,considering Mr. Felix's ease, are saidto sneerl not a litt-le at PresidentPierce's Inaugural, whi ch promised somuch p~roteet~lon to Americans. They.

keep the documinut posted up inl theircounting rooms. Our Consul holds,and rightly, that Felix and Lacosteshould have their trial tinder the treatv,oipen and fhir, and not before a secret.military iinisition. Ile has, ere this.addressed the Captain General on the*suhject-with what result we are anx-ious to hear. Our govei mient per.iits Arnericans and the Americanmnane to suflelr, by not efliciently inter-;'osing in such cases as thiss -N JMirror.

A CoMaINirr.-The MontgomeryMfail, speaking of South Carolina andof the selection f--C her public men,pays her the following compliment:No State in the Union has been so

uniformly jeaIlous of her character inthis particular. Virginia has beenlfiined for her regard fir mien of' stand-inig and ability, and Massachusetts hasbeen always disposed to put. her besttalent ihrward. 13ut of late years theyhave illilen below their old standard.whIiile *ouith Car'linia has continued tiouse her linest mind, so for as it wasavailable for her service. We iniagine that in i, State has demagogueisinless sway aind genuine ability a readierchalce forsiciess. Polities still re.tail some dignity in South Carolina;but in iost ()f the Statcs a iman's ad.vainceient inl piblic life depends on agoiridly number of outside accompani.mn ts.The nIatiral resul t. is beginnir.g to be

snlliciently apparent. Our best men,i iany seeLions of the Union, areseeking other fields and other harvests,A oI erfuli change has cei tainly tak.C! place already; anid henee the mark-ed decline ill oir statesmanship, andin Congressional and Ex-entive talent.Timeimay bring about a reform. Theold patriarch hi:ts done iany goodthings in his day, and lie is not yettoo old to right uip matters in) this por-rion of his doilniion. Without anysort of doubt, the American people seethe error of allowing their best mento fly from public life, and dedicatetheir intellectual worth- to. other ursuits. It gelius coeld ience mnreimrare our' Leg'slative Halls, and thepower of mat.ore years, proIhund stu.dv and liberal culture, reach thelipubbmeheart of tie land. we should enter on

Inew eira in oill r history.lEsPIisEn IlIOUS1iIoLD .uriEs.-

From a varie!y of Cases, nothing isIlkme 44iiiion than to find A mericaiwolen wh*Io, have init. the slightest ideaof household (liltv. A writer thusall ules to this suIject:

"In this neglect of household caresAmerican imales stand alontie. AGerinaii lady, no matter how hiigh herrank, never forgets that d 'rnest ic li-hors coiduice to the health of' od yand mind alike. An English lad,whether she he (lil a gentleian'swife, Ir a diiuke's, does not ..espise thehousehold; ad, even thigh she has ahousekeeper, devotes a portion ofLiherlimtie to this, her happi'est splhere. It.is reserved fior our republican line la-dies to be io.re choice than even thi. imotnarchical and- ariocatie ,isters.-he resuilt i a lassitude oiif mind tfteii

as fatal to the hualth as iegect ofbodily exercise. The wife who leavesher hiousehild ca.-es 14 the servants,Ii yS the penalty which has beeni aflix-ed to idiIlness silien thle fotiiidationi iflie wIold, a .d ei ther wilts away frolin

clnllni, oir is dIriveni to) all sorts ofi fash-inabile fo llies to hjid empiloiy menit for

tile liiid.'

NARI.AaiE orFN E~sO~s.IPersons. abuat to at airry, who wh-h tokinow the fprmoper age, mire refei red tolie fbllow ing precedt'li s. Adami andEve, 0; Shi:u kespeare, I 8; Dcin Johinso n,21; Wailer, 22; hraniktin, 2-1; Mlozai t,25; Dainte, K epleri, FullIeIr. Johinson,Iiiirke, S'co tt, 2ti; Tycho~Brahe, l~ iron,Washington , Wehlihgtcoi, Iounapar te,27; P'eiii. Steriie, Qg; Linimeus, N el -

sioni. 21), lurins 30: Chaucer, I logar tlh,IPeel, 32; Wo rdswiortli, Dlavy, 33,A risto'.le ;io, Sir WAilllim J ones, 37;W ii hefrie, 38; anthler, 42; Addiso1n,I-f; W esley, Yong, 47; Swi It, .19);hufilbn. 55, Oldl Parr, (last time) 15t0.II A damu and Eve got. mairried hefibrethey were a y ear old, and the veteranParr buckled with a widow at 120,bacihelra(15.nd spinisters may we I atany age they Ii ke, and find shelterunider great naines for either earlymiarria ges or late.

Pava.ENcE~OF DAihim ss.-F1romlsonie cause or oither, baldness seemusto laceial much younger men~i thian it,did thirty or forty years ago. A veiyobservat, hatter iiinred us a shorttime smece, that lie imnagiined mnuch ofit wais owing to lie coinnuon use ofwearing silk hats, which fromn theirim perimeability to the aiir, keep thehe-ad iat a much higher temp1jeratunrethai the old beaver structures which,lie also informed us, went ount prinici.pally because of' the scarcity 'of' thebeavers in the lludson flay. This feetaffords a sinrular instance of the influ.

ence of liishion upon the anainals of aremote continent. It would be moreaingular still if the silk hat theory ofbaldness hs any truth in it as it wotldthen turn out that we were sacrificingour own natural nap in order that thebeaver inay recover his. Withoutendorsing the speculative opinion ofour hatter, we nay, we believe, stateit as a well ascertained circumstance,that soldiers in hicmnelted regimentsare oftCner hald thantany other of ourlieroic def'enders.-Quarterly Review.

Suom.: DEATHI OF A IBJIERTINE.-The following strange tale appears inthe Paris Droi:-A young man agedabout thirty, dressed with extremee!eganace, arrived at the station of theRouaen railway about ten days ago.-Ile was accormpanied by a youngfemale, who was also most elegantlyatt ired. Almost immediately after healighted from the train ho was takenill, and in a short timno manifested allthe symptons of poisoning. lie wasco1n veyed into the nearest hotel, aidthere, though medical hs-istance waspromptly procured, he (lied inl greatagony. On his being taken ill, thefenale by whomi he was accompanieddisappeared, and all attempts to di!-cover he, were vain. It being stronglysuspected that he had died (if poison,informn'ation was given to the o agVis.trates. On exanining his pockets, anu 11ber of portraits of feinales, ofrinags, locks of hair, innumerable loveletters, aid other trophies ofa favoriteof' the ladies, were iound. Only oneof the letters contained the address ofthe writer. The Mayor of Roien gaveiii'ormation of the death to the Prefectof Police, at Pat is; and from inquirieswhich the police, by the prefect'sorders, instituted, it became ratherwidely known. The consequence was,that the Mayor of Rouen received agreat number of letters from femalesin different positions in society, claiminir the deceased, but though all agreedIn describing'him as remarkably goodlooking. and.all expressed profoundsorrowy at his de.ith, no two'.of :thenmgaves hima th samevuimqe,.The lady-who put her'a!dress to the love letterfoind on him, was souht ont aidqiestioned; and she gave him a namedifferent from that of all her rivals.--The real name of this Don Juan haisnot yet been discovered, and the more

inquiries are made, the more dillicultit becomnes to know who he was.-Fr'ii an examination inade of thebily, it appears that he died, not ofpoisonl, but of a sudden attack of chol.era.

Ni-vwiwuatit BANK.-Vill some oneb% kind enough to infbridi us as to theeuaue of cerim apprehensions whichhave been expressed in this District,and, we believe, acted upon in the city1)f Augusta, in regard to the coinditionof this moneyed corporation? Untiltwo weeks since, it was generallythoight, fiumi the character of itsstockholders and the well knownability of' its financial head, that theNewberry Flank would at least standits hand, through thick and thin, withany or all of our moure youthful bankslut to our surprise, a clamor has beenraised against it. first of all. UntilsomIetniir more condemnatory, thanis at present known, shall appear, wemAst insist that this clamr is as unjustas it is un ibunded. Anad we trust oureditorial brethren of Newberry will ateneae mnake its absurdity apparent.-WVe should take plleasure in givingcirculation to anmy de(fenace of' thisInstitution they maay think proper tomamke.

P. S.-Since the above was ini theprinte's drawer, we have been showna full statemnent, direct fromr the handsof' Mr. IBoyd (President of the Newberr'y Ban ks) to the effect that his Bankha~s nout. heena in a better condition sinceits estalishmaent than at present.-II is exhibit, whieth now lies be'for'e us,minakes a clearm showing. His language,in reference to the supposed imrplica.tioni of the Bank in Charlestn failures.is empailatic. " By the failures inChaarleston," says lae, " we expc't tolose but little if anay thing; and did weto the extent of (our holdings, it wouldntot, effect our operations and shouldno0t our credit."- Edgejield Advertiser.

SUROIcAL OPEnA'TION O~'rETilEs-DiPI.icaso 'IrE IJEART IN A LIVINoBlonv.-Ona the 3d of the presentmonth, Mr'. Alphonso Bickford, ofP'ahaayra, Me., land his chest tapped,anad the ahanost itncredible amaounat ofinme punts of fluid, in all its character-istics resemblinamg pus, taken therefrom.T1he P'ortlanad Advertiser' says:

"I'The operationi was performied byDr. J. C. Manson, of ittsfiel d, ad.vised and assisted by Dr. Benson, ofNewport. T1he fluid was situated inthe left, side of thme chest, and conlse.quently the heart wias very much displaced ; so much so that it was dis-ticty felt beating two inches uponthe right of the sternum or mediumline of the body. It ho~over gradu.

ally receded during the operation, andafter the entire evacuation, was foundbeating in nearly its natural position.Ilie patient immediately began toamnend, and is at present doing well.His case has for some tine past beenconsidered hopeless, but tMere is nowa prospect of his recovery."

OR iN OF NEwSPAPEiis.-D'fIsraeli,in the~first volume ofhis ' Curiosities ofLiterature," gives a very interestinmand minute account of the origin ofnewspapers with historical facts con-corning their introduction in the vari.Ous European nations. Ile statesthat we are indebted to the Italiansfor the idea of newspapers. The firstpaper was a Venetian one, and only amonthly; but it was merely the news.paper of the government. The title ofthe Gazedus, was perhaps derived fromGazzera. a magpie, or chatter, or moreprobably from a farthing coin peculiarto the city of Venice called gazetta,which was the common price of thenewspapers. These early newspaperswere not allowed by ajealous govern-ment to be circulated in Printed form,but the Venetian Gazeite con'inued'long after the invention of printing, tobe distributed in manuscript. In a

library at Florence are thirty volumesof the Venetian gazettes al. in manu-script. Mr. George Chalmers statesthat mankind are indepted to thewisdom of Queen Elizabeth, and theprudence of Biurleigh, for the firstgenuine newpaper. In the BritishMuseum are several newspapers whichwere in the English Channel, duiingthe year 1588. Popplar zeal againaLthe Spanish Armada was inflamed inthese early newspapers. Burleigh, inorder to rouse the national feeling,published extracts of a letter fromMadrid which speaks of putting theEnglish Queen to death, and theinstrumentof torture on-the Spanishfleet l These early copies of newspapers are in Roman,,not blank letter.They are entitled " .English Iferedrie.Periodical papers were fir. generallyused in England durina the tOhvil Warat-the period ot.the fornnweth.Do Saint Foix, in his curious histori.cal essays, gives the origin of newspa.pers in France. lenaudor, a physi-cian of Paris, to amuse his patients,was a great collector of rews, ad hefound by these mieans that lie wasmore sought after than his morelearned brethren. But as he had muchleisure and was quite fond of collectingnews, ho obtained a privilege from tieGovernment in 163), to publish a

summary of the news of the variouscountries to distribute among hispatients. It is almost needless to addthat his patrons were soon found inall ranks, and his written sheets werein grenter demand than his writtenprescriptions

Tim NVORLi TO CoMs.-Th1e following were the mneditatiions of the Cele-brated John Foster on the death ofhis wife."Can it be-how is it-what is it-that we are now not inhabitants of thesame world-that each have to thinkof the other as in a perfectly differenteconomy of existence?. Whither isshe gone-in what manner does sheconsciously realize to her-elf theastonishing change-how does shelook at herselfC as no longer inhabitinga mortal tabernase-in what mannerdoes she recollect her state as only afew weeks since-in what manner doesshe think, and feel, and act, and coni-mnunicate wvithi other spiritumal beings-what nmnner of vision has she ofGsod and the Sav'iour of the world-how does she review and estimate thecourse of discipline through which shehad beeni preparc:l for the happy statewhere she find.- hersel f-in what an-ner does she look back on deaft, whichshe has so recently passed through-and does she plainly understand thenature of a '.henomenon so awfullymysterious to the view of mortals ?-How does she remember and feelrespecting us, respcctmng me ? Is sheassociated with the spirits of her de.parted son and our two children whodied in inftnmey ? Does she indulgewith delight a confident anticipatmonthait we shall, after awhile, be addedto her society ? If she should thinkof it as (with respect to some of us)many years, possibly, before such anevent, does that appear a long timein prospect, or hats she begun to ac-count of duration according Jo thegreat laws of eternity ? Earnestimraginngs and questioninags like thesearise without end; and still,.there isno answer, no revelation. The mindcomes again and 'again up close to thethiek black veil; but there is no perforationi, no glimpse. She that lovedme, and I trust loves me still, willnot, cannot, answer me. I can onlyimagine her to say, "Come and see,serve our God so that you shall comeand bhare, at no distant time."

Lime-water is said to be an iiiinIttblo pure f'or diair io

." LITTL CLoUD."-LlOyd's cly. paper-one of the oldest ofihio-English publications, and associ"tedessentially with the cominercial interests of Great Brittaiin-gives express Iion to sentiments respecting. this codfI-try, which, we imagine, are Lhose'of-._j_large part of the enlightened clasis-fur which it speaks. We make the -

fullowing selection from one of its;articles, as germane to the times.

South6 Carolihian."Tho little cloud is growing. Da

by day we see the two great AilgiSaxon States stand further aparandcauses of complaint are being m'ultiplied-we grieve to say-on thii sideof the Atlantic with the great republic -

Is this the fruit of our Austrian 'ahdFrench alliance? American hatred:and distrust ofAustria are as fierce asa passion; and whenever we concludea definite allianre which shall give usa new friend . at Vienna, Nvd maitreckon on finding a new enemy at;Washington, This is l thecour' otthings. Our Austrian leanings allalong have turned from us the-heartsof our cousins. But now we are -osiffer fur the quarrels of tll-Fiienc1hEmperor. Three or four weeks'ag,oficial papers began to abuse theAmericans. Within the last fe'days .jMr. Soule, an Armericin ambassador.in Paris, is about to demand his -:passpoits and withdraw; and rumordesignates t I duty of the Btie fleet as a cruise across the Atlah -

tic! Where are we driting? .Jona4;than, like John, is high and mettsome. If the fleet go out, blood wilbe shed, and in a cause not ouis th&blood of men who. speak our tfmguagqapd ob.ey ourtlaws, the blooil otbrothers. Are the stories false. Or oour ministers gone mad? Hit tqnot enough oih their hands?them, Eugland will tell themn, thatfirst -wish of all hearts is pea'e, frchddIiness..concorditj our.own- inno alliance,.howev r-splendib b:welcome to us that inv.e" toleation of the nitd

lers.We extract the following'fron the

Evening News ofThursdayOur money market' continues topresent no new features of interestwhich may be considered capable ofbenefiting our business men at. thepresent. Our hanks are making many;changes in their business, with theview of conforming to the pressure ofthe times. If, in doing this, they shallhit upon a general course, and whichis capable of being carried out at al:times, we think they will greatlybencit themselves and tihe comnilty'also. One of their changes, we understand, is the reduction of their dis-counts, as regards each amount. Wehave always considered the discounj.ing or large aiiounts, for one' inaihone tine, a bad policy. It withdrasfronm the batik a large-amount of its -

means at one draw, which is not aigahireturned until it all comes back; thuscripling the resources of the bank for4along period, to be only removed atlong intervalk, and then again renewedimmediately, with the view of keepinig.its funds active.When a bank manages 'ts business

so as to have its discounts coming dnin equal proportions every day, it~isalways able to discount paper for itscustomers as they may want it, insteadof requiring them to await its slo,~action. It is also better able to maktouse of its deposits, because this cotiniued incoming of its funds is alwaya...supplying it with ths means to nieeffany ordinmary demnat...s. But theseaj~not all thie benenits which a %inkreceives. When a banik mnakes saijnlloans it gets a greater numberj f~j~.Lsecurities, and runs less riskoflos.a !;It will also create a large numbd~.~ddepositors, whose business, by reason~:V-~of this regularity on the partof- the~bank discounts, are in a healthy condition, and thus become profitable toth~bank. These large loans nra not onl: iinjurious to the bank, but also to the .

people-for where they. are -being &- -

raised, the absorption necesary Nwthis purpose imparts to the markea~Qstringency unknowns to small lohan's.~B3esides these, they increasesictltion and false credits, greatly to. tinjury of all. One of the oldpst *t~#

in the Union, havin.g a .capitai$1,00.000, whilst its'depositsreached above that, and yet'dtirit~existence, possessing thiisilait has never loaned ateiottf$2,000, and then oin fir#>I'as}Trhis bank has pontied-.DrI~g'times of plenty aindt presstgre~~dividends every your offtse~i~whilst- its losses, iave -benominal.~Thufierofhidhi

don~~~,roseceI9ed bmthio9ter, inlordtis is Engmjlshthe late NegeYrk oe o'test fo~r ihtdtoierna