John Quincy Adams• Son of John Adams• Ambassador to Russia• Secretary of State, 1816-1824• President, 1824-1828• Democratic Republican, but a

Federalist at heart• Rush-Bagot Agreement

– Demilitarizes Great Lakes

• Convention of 1818• Adams-Onis Treaty• Monroe Doctrine

Convention of 1818• Fixes northern border with Canada at 49N.• Gets Great Britain to agree to joint occupation of the

Oregon Territory.– Gets a “foot in the door” for the US

Adams-Onis Treaty

• Jackson invades Florida, seizes the capital, expels the governor, claims Florida for the United States, executes 2 British citizens, and asks for boats to invade Cuba.

•Spain was losing grip on Latin American colonies, and send most of their Florida garrison to fight the revolutionaries in South America.

•President Monroe sends Gen. Andrew Jackson to protect the Florida Border from Seminole raids.

Adams-Onis Treaty

• Whole cabinet, except Adams, wants to remove and discipline Jackson and apologize to Great Britain

• Instead Adams refuses to apologize to Great Britain or Spain.

• Recalls Jacskon, but threatens Spain that the United States will have to occupy Florida in the future if the Spanish can’t control the border.

• Spanish give in and agree to sell Florida to the United States.

Adams-Onis Treaty• US gets Florida.• US has to pay $5

million to its own citizens for damages by the Seminoles.

• US gives up claim to Texas.

• Spain gives up claim to Oregon.

• Western boundary is fixed.

Monroe Doctrine, 1823

• Great Britain asks the United States to join them in an alliance to pledge themselves to the defense of the new Latin American Republics.

• Cabinet, except Adams, agrees.

• Says that we should:1. Not make ourselves look subservient to Great Britain.

2. Not tie our hands in a permanent alliance.

3. Let Great Britain do the fighting themselves while we reap the benefits.

Monroe Doctrine, 1823

1. No new European colonies.

2. Europe may not meddle in the internal affairs of American republics.

3. US will not meddle in the affairs of Europe.