John Wilson

11

Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of

Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. (CUAHSI)Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. (CUAHSI)

Predicting, Detecting, and ManagingWATER IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT

A Science Plan for Community-Based A Science Plan for Community-Based Infrastructure and ProgramsInfrastructure and Programs

Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of

Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. (CUAHSI)Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. (CUAHSI)

Predicting, Detecting, and ManagingWATER IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT

A Science Plan for Community-Based A Science Plan for Community-Based Infrastructure and ProgramsInfrastructure and Programs

John WilsonJohn WilsonJohn WilsonJohn Wilson

Presentation to CUAHSI Board of DirectorsJanuary 10, 2006

Presentation to CUAHSI Board of DirectorsJanuary 10, 2006

22

Community-Based Infrastructure and Community-Based Infrastructure and ProgramsPrograms

in Previous Hydrologic Science Planning in Previous Hydrologic Science Planning EffortsEfforts


in Previous Hydrologic Science Planning in Previous Hydrologic Science Planning EffortsEffortsOpportunities in Hydrologic Science Opportunities in Hydrologic Science (NRC, 1991)(NRC, 1991)

Recommends field studies (campaigns, long-term Recommends field studies (campaigns, long-term field experiments) involving multiple disciplines field experiments) involving multiple disciplines coordinating observations around a common, coordinating observations around a common, multidisciplinary objective.multidisciplinary objective.

Water Energy and Biota Water Energy and Biota (WEB, 2000)(WEB, 2000) Recommends a ‘network of "natural laboratories" Recommends a ‘network of "natural laboratories"

in key geographic areas eventually linked by a in key geographic areas eventually linked by a "National Hydrologic Facility." Such a system "National Hydrologic Facility." Such a system would design and facilitate deployment of would design and facilitate deployment of cutting-edge instrumentation, support field cutting-edge instrumentation, support field observations, and support the organization, observations, and support the organization, analysis and management of community data analysis and management of community data sets and models.’sets and models.’

Opportunities in Hydrologic Science Opportunities in Hydrologic Science (NRC, 1991)(NRC, 1991) Recommends field studies (campaigns, long-term Recommends field studies (campaigns, long-term

field experiments) involving multiple disciplines field experiments) involving multiple disciplines coordinating observations around a common, coordinating observations around a common, multidisciplinary objective.multidisciplinary objective.

Water Energy and Biota Water Energy and Biota (WEB, 2000)(WEB, 2000) Recommends a ‘network of "natural laboratories" Recommends a ‘network of "natural laboratories"

in key geographic areas eventually linked by a in key geographic areas eventually linked by a "National Hydrologic Facility." Such a system "National Hydrologic Facility." Such a system would design and facilitate deployment of would design and facilitate deployment of cutting-edge instrumentation, support field cutting-edge instrumentation, support field observations, and support the organization, observations, and support the organization, analysis and management of community data analysis and management of community data sets and models.’sets and models.’

33

adaptationadaptation





CUAHSI Technical Report #1 CUAHSI Technical Report #1 (CUAHSI, 2002)(CUAHSI, 2002) If we want to adapt to changes and uncertainty in our If we want to adapt to changes and uncertainty in our

freshwater resources, we need to improve our freshwater resources, we need to improve our understanding of and ability to characterize and understanding of and ability to characterize and predict the storage, movement and transformations predict the storage, movement and transformations of water in natural and impacted environments.of water in natural and impacted environments.

CUAHSI Technical Report #1 CUAHSI Technical Report #1 (CUAHSI, 2002)(CUAHSI, 2002) If we want to adapt to changes and uncertainty in our If we want to adapt to changes and uncertainty in our

freshwater resources, we need to improve our freshwater resources, we need to improve our understanding of and ability to characterize and understanding of and ability to characterize and predict the storage, movement and transformations predict the storage, movement and transformations of water in natural and impacted environments.of water in natural and impacted environments.

HYDROVIEW

interfacesinterfacesthresholdsthresholds

scalingscaling

heterogeneityheterogeneitycouplingcoupling

predictionprediction

patternspatterns

evolutionevolution

44





CUASHSI, 2005CUASHSI, 2005 CouplingCoupling

How do environmental perturbations propagate across How do environmental perturbations propagate across interfaces and through the earth surface system, and interfaces and through the earth surface system, and how does the system respond to multiple how does the system respond to multiple perturbations.perturbations.

ScalingScaling How do the dominant processes controlling hydrologic How do the dominant processes controlling hydrologic

and biogeochemical cycles change across scales?and biogeochemical cycles change across scales? Adaptation and EvolutionAdaptation and Evolution

How do natural and human systems interact, adapt How do natural and human systems interact, adapt and evolve to determine the response of a basin to and evolve to determine the response of a basin to external forcings?external forcings?

CUASHSI, 2005CUASHSI, 2005 CouplingCoupling

How do environmental perturbations propagate across How do environmental perturbations propagate across interfaces and through the earth surface system, and interfaces and through the earth surface system, and how does the system respond to multiple how does the system respond to multiple perturbations.perturbations.

ScalingScaling How do the dominant processes controlling hydrologic How do the dominant processes controlling hydrologic

and biogeochemical cycles change across scales?and biogeochemical cycles change across scales? Adaptation and EvolutionAdaptation and Evolution

How do natural and human systems interact, adapt How do natural and human systems interact, adapt and evolve to determine the response of a basin to and evolve to determine the response of a basin to external forcings?external forcings?

55

June 2005 BoD MeetingJune 2005 BoD MeetingJune 2005 BoD MeetingJune 2005 BoD Meeting

Identified a major stumbling block to be the Identified a major stumbling block to be the lack of a comprehensive Science Plan that sets lack of a comprehensive Science Plan that sets out the community vision out the community vision Independent of funding opportunities. Independent of funding opportunities. Independent of current CUAHSI plans & activities.Independent of current CUAHSI plans & activities. Leads from the science & focuses on community Leads from the science & focuses on community

level needs.level needs. Addresses implementation.Addresses implementation.

Appointed the CUAHSI Science Advisory Team Appointed the CUAHSI Science Advisory Team

Identified a major stumbling block to be the Identified a major stumbling block to be the lack of a comprehensive Science Plan that sets lack of a comprehensive Science Plan that sets out the community vision out the community vision Independent of funding opportunities. Independent of funding opportunities. Independent of current CUAHSI plans & activities.Independent of current CUAHSI plans & activities. Leads from the science & focuses on community Leads from the science & focuses on community

level needs.level needs. Addresses implementation.Addresses implementation.

Appointed the CUAHSI Science Advisory Team Appointed the CUAHSI Science Advisory Team

66

Why Revisit CUAHSI Plan Why Revisit CUAHSI Plan Now?Now?

Why Revisit CUAHSI Plan Why Revisit CUAHSI Plan Now?Now?

We need a mature, defensible, and We need a mature, defensible, and sound science plan that sound science plan that makes it clear why community based makes it clear why community based

efforts are necessary to advance efforts are necessary to advance hydrologic science,hydrologic science,

provides a description and justification for provides a description and justification for those efforts, andthose efforts, and

provides guidance to prioritize activities provides guidance to prioritize activities and support decisionsand support decisions

We need a mature, defensible, and We need a mature, defensible, and sound science plan that sound science plan that makes it clear why community based makes it clear why community based

efforts are necessary to advance efforts are necessary to advance hydrologic science,hydrologic science,

provides a description and justification for provides a description and justification for those efforts, andthose efforts, and

provides guidance to prioritize activities provides guidance to prioritize activities and support decisionsand support decisions

77

CUAHSI Science Advisory TeamCUAHSI Science Advisory TeamCUAHSI Science Advisory TeamCUAHSI Science Advisory Team Lead: Lead: John WilsonJohn Wilson Project Manager: Project Manager: Kevin DresslerKevin Dressler Members: Members:

Ana Barros, Rafael Bras, David Gochis, Ana Barros, Rafael Bras, David Gochis, George Hornberger, Venkat Lakshmi, Upmanu Lall, George Hornberger, Venkat Lakshmi, Upmanu Lall, David Maidment, Murugesu Sivapalan, Bridget ScanlonDavid Maidment, Murugesu Sivapalan, Bridget Scanlon

Consultants: Consultants: Roger Bales, Steve Burges, Chris Duffy, John Selker, Roger Bales, Steve Burges, Chris Duffy, John Selker,

Soroosh SorooshianSoroosh Sorooshian

Charge: To develop a “next generation” science planCharge: To develop a “next generation” science plan

Deliverable: Deliverable: ““Science Plan” for review Winter (February) 2006Science Plan” for review Winter (February) 2006

Lead: Lead: John WilsonJohn Wilson Project Manager: Project Manager: Kevin DresslerKevin Dressler Members: Members:

Ana Barros, Rafael Bras, David Gochis, Ana Barros, Rafael Bras, David Gochis, George Hornberger, Venkat Lakshmi, Upmanu Lall, George Hornberger, Venkat Lakshmi, Upmanu Lall, David Maidment, Murugesu Sivapalan, Bridget ScanlonDavid Maidment, Murugesu Sivapalan, Bridget Scanlon

Consultants: Consultants: Roger Bales, Steve Burges, Chris Duffy, John Selker, Roger Bales, Steve Burges, Chris Duffy, John Selker,

Soroosh SorooshianSoroosh Sorooshian

Charge: To develop a “next generation” science planCharge: To develop a “next generation” science plan

Deliverable: Deliverable: ““Science Plan” for review Winter (February) 2006Science Plan” for review Winter (February) 2006

88

Predicting, Detecting, and ManagingWATER IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT Preface Executive Summary

Chapter 1. Vision: Water in a Changing Environment Chapter 2. Approach and its Elements

Chapter 3. Environmental Change and Water Chapter 4. The Water Cycle and the Biosphere Chapter 5. Human Interactions with the Natural Environment Chapter 6. Opportunities for Education, Outreach and Applications Chapter 7. Links and Partnerships Chapter 8. Implementation Concluding Remarks Appendices




99

Chapter 1. Water in a Changing Chapter 1. Water in a Changing EnvironmentEnvironment


Preamble (an example)Preamble (an example) Hydrologic ScienceHydrologic Science Changing Natural and Human EnvironmentChanging Natural and Human Environment Science ChallengesScience Challenges Limitations of Current Science and Limitations of Current Science and

of current Science Programsof current Science Programs Goal and BenefitsGoal and Benefits Why Now?Why Now?



1010

Concerns the “… occurrence, distribution, Concerns the “… occurrence, distribution, circulation and properties of water on the circulation and properties of water on the earth … affected by physical, chemical, earth … affected by physical, chemical, biological processes within all … biological processes within all … components of the Earth system.” components of the Earth system.” (NRC, 1991)(NRC, 1991)

That Earth system, and the role of water That Earth system, and the role of water within it, is dynamic and changing.within it, is dynamic and changing.

Concerns the “… occurrence, distribution, Concerns the “… occurrence, distribution, circulation and properties of water on the circulation and properties of water on the earth … affected by physical, chemical, earth … affected by physical, chemical, biological processes within all … biological processes within all … components of the Earth system.” components of the Earth system.” (NRC, 1991)(NRC, 1991)

That Earth system, and the role of water That Earth system, and the role of water within it, is dynamic and changing.within it, is dynamic and changing.

Hydrologic ScienceHydrologic ScienceHydrologic ScienceHydrologic Science

1111



Preamble (with an example)Preamble (with an example) Hydrologic ScienceHydrologic Science Changing Natural and Human EnvironmentChanging Natural and Human Environment Science ChallengesScience Challenges Limitations of Current Science and Limitations of Current Science and




1212

Changing Natural and Human Changing Natural and Human EnvironmentEnvironment

(Scientific Context)(Scientific Context)

Changing Natural and Human Changing Natural and Human EnvironmentEnvironment

(Scientific Context)(Scientific Context) The Earth system, and the role of water within it, is The Earth system, and the role of water within it, is

dynamic and changing.dynamic and changing.

““Dynamic” because the quantity and quality of water Dynamic” because the quantity and quality of water respond to and influence natural and human-induced respond to and influence natural and human-induced environmental changes. environmental changes. Geomorphology, geology, vegetation, climate, built Geomorphology, geology, vegetation, climate, built

environment, agriculture, …environment, agriculture, …

There is dynamism in the surrounding environment (human There is dynamism in the surrounding environment (human and natural systems) and dynamism in hydrologic processes and natural systems) and dynamism in hydrologic processes and conditions. and conditions.

““Changing” because climate, population, land use, Changing” because climate, population, land use, etc., are changing.etc., are changing.

The Earth system, and the role of water within it, is The Earth system, and the role of water within it, is dynamic and changing.dynamic and changing.

““Dynamic” because the quantity and quality of water Dynamic” because the quantity and quality of water respond to and influence natural and human-induced respond to and influence natural and human-induced environmental changes. environmental changes. Geomorphology, geology, vegetation, climate, built Geomorphology, geology, vegetation, climate, built

environment, agriculture, …environment, agriculture, …

There is dynamism in the surrounding environment (human There is dynamism in the surrounding environment (human and natural systems) and dynamism in hydrologic processes and natural systems) and dynamism in hydrologic processes and conditions. and conditions.

““Changing” because climate, population, land use, Changing” because climate, population, land use, etc., are changing.etc., are changing.

1313







1414

Science ChallengesScience ChallengesScience ChallengesScience Challenges

How do linkages and feedbacks How do linkages and feedbacks within the water cycle respond to within the water cycle respond to environmental change?environmental change?

How does the biosphere interact with How does the biosphere interact with the water cycle? the water cycle?

How do human interactions with the How do human interactions with the natural environment affect the natural environment affect the availability of water?availability of water?

How do linkages and feedbacks How do linkages and feedbacks within the water cycle respond to within the water cycle respond to environmental change?environmental change?

How does the biosphere interact with How does the biosphere interact with the water cycle? the water cycle?

How do human interactions with the How do human interactions with the natural environment affect the natural environment affect the availability of water?availability of water?

within the context of water in a changing environmentwithin the context of water in a changing environment

1515

Chapters 3-5, the three Chapters 3-5, the three challenges:challenges:

Chapters 3-5, the three Chapters 3-5, the three challenges:challenges:

Each chapter begins with introductory paragraphs that Each chapter begins with introductory paragraphs that emphasize context, including emphasize context, including

The importance of this general area and its science challengesThe importance of this general area and its science challenges

The limitations of current science in this general area and of The limitations of current science in this general area and of current science programs to address these challengescurrent science programs to address these challenges

The role and benefits of a community-based approachThe role and benefits of a community-based approach

Then presents several Then presents several Example Key Research Example Key Research QuestionsQuestions,,

Each with a similar outline, where for each question we Each with a similar outline, where for each question we emphasize only one or perhaps two of the different aspects of emphasize only one or perhaps two of the different aspects of the approach.the approach.

Each chapter begins with introductory paragraphs that Each chapter begins with introductory paragraphs that emphasize context, including emphasize context, including

The importance of this general area and its science challengesThe importance of this general area and its science challenges

The limitations of current science in this general area and of The limitations of current science in this general area and of current science programs to address these challengescurrent science programs to address these challenges

The role and benefits of a community-based approachThe role and benefits of a community-based approach

Then presents several Then presents several Example Key Research Example Key Research QuestionsQuestions,,

Each with a similar outline, where for each question we Each with a similar outline, where for each question we emphasize only one or perhaps two of the different aspects of emphasize only one or perhaps two of the different aspects of the approach.the approach.

1616




of Current Science Programsof Current Science Programs Goal and BenefitsGoal and Benefits Why Now?Why Now?


of Current Science Programsof Current Science Programs Goal and BenefitsGoal and Benefits Why Now?Why Now?

1717

Limitations of Current Limitations of Current ScienceScience

An example from watershed scienceAn example from watershed science


An example from watershed scienceAn example from watershed science Hydrology has fixated on hydrographsHydrology has fixated on hydrographs

i.e. on the smoothing power of landscapesi.e. on the smoothing power of landscapes What happens when rain falls on the ground?What happens when rain falls on the ground?

the classical surface hydrology problem the classical surface hydrology problem

We have always operated on the assumption that We have always operated on the assumption that there are at least three mechanisms, and they there are at least three mechanisms, and they happen all the timehappen all the time infiltration excess, saturation excess, shallow subsurface infiltration excess, saturation excess, shallow subsurface

flow, groundwater flow etc, flow, groundwater flow etc,

Hydrology has fixated on hydrographsHydrology has fixated on hydrographs i.e. on the smoothing power of landscapesi.e. on the smoothing power of landscapes

What happens when rain falls on the ground?What happens when rain falls on the ground? the classical surface hydrology problem the classical surface hydrology problem

We have always operated on the assumption that We have always operated on the assumption that there are at least three mechanisms, and they there are at least three mechanisms, and they happen all the timehappen all the time infiltration excess, saturation excess, shallow subsurface infiltration excess, saturation excess, shallow subsurface

flow, groundwater flow etc, flow, groundwater flow etc,

1818




An example from watershed scienceAn example from watershed science In fact, they do not happen all the time, In fact, they do not happen all the time,

if there are 100 events in a year, data shows if there are 100 events in a year, data shows that there are different levels of filtering. that there are different levels of filtering.

Only a few events trigger infiltration excess Only a few events trigger infiltration excess runoff, more trigger saturation excess runoff, runoff, more trigger saturation excess runoff, and yet more subsurface flow, and yet more subsurface flow,

yet we have not bothered and succeeded to yet we have not bothered and succeeded to separate these events in the "frequency separate these events in the "frequency domain". domain".

In fact, they do not happen all the time, In fact, they do not happen all the time, if there are 100 events in a year, data shows if there are 100 events in a year, data shows

that there are different levels of filtering. that there are different levels of filtering. Only a few events trigger infiltration excess Only a few events trigger infiltration excess

runoff, more trigger saturation excess runoff, runoff, more trigger saturation excess runoff, and yet more subsurface flow, and yet more subsurface flow,

yet we have not bothered and succeeded to yet we have not bothered and succeeded to separate these events in the "frequency separate these events in the "frequency domain". domain".

1919




An example from watershed scienceAn example from watershed science Given that this happens,Given that this happens,

and may impact on floods etc, and and may impact on floods etc, and may differentially change with may differentially change with

environmental change and human impacts,environmental change and human impacts, What sort of measurements can What sort of measurements can

we envisage so that we can track, understand, we envisage so that we can track, understand, separate and model these mechanisms? separate and model these mechanisms? (one answer lies in being strategic and opportunistic (one answer lies in being strategic and opportunistic

in the way we use instruments and measurement in the way we use instruments and measurement techniques.)techniques.)

Given that this happens,Given that this happens, and may impact on floods etc, and and may impact on floods etc, and may differentially change with may differentially change with

environmental change and human impacts,environmental change and human impacts, What sort of measurements can What sort of measurements can

we envisage so that we can track, understand, we envisage so that we can track, understand, separate and model these mechanisms? separate and model these mechanisms? (one answer lies in being strategic and opportunistic (one answer lies in being strategic and opportunistic

in the way we use instruments and measurement in the way we use instruments and measurement techniques.)techniques.)

2020







2121

Chapter 2. Approach and its Chapter 2. Approach and its ElementsElements


IntroductionIntroduction Observing StrategyObserving Strategy

Seasonal to Century to Millennia Reconstructions Seasonal to Century to Millennia Reconstructions Reference SitesReference Sites CampaignsCampaigns

Engineering ElementsEngineering Elements Cyberinfrastructure and Communications FrameworkCyberinfrastructure and Communications Framework Instrumentation and Sensor PackagesInstrumentation and Sensor Packages

SynthesisSynthesis Relationship to Hydroview Relationship to Hydroview (make an appendix?)(make an appendix?)





2222

Approach acknowledges that Approach acknowledges that CUAHSI plays different roles:CUAHSI plays different roles:Approach acknowledges that Approach acknowledges that CUAHSI plays different roles:CUAHSI plays different roles:

Advances science byAdvances science by Facilitating research by individual PIs and collaborationsFacilitating research by individual PIs and collaborations

between PIs, and between PIs, and among PIs and agenciesamong PIs and agencies

and even among agencies.and even among agencies. Coordinating and synthesizing data, theory and modelingCoordinating and synthesizing data, theory and modeling

Especially new observations in hydrologic science.Especially new observations in hydrologic science. Identifying and addressing important gaps in knowledgeIdentifying and addressing important gaps in knowledge

Serves society byServes society by Bringing scientific advances to the attention of the applied Bringing scientific advances to the attention of the applied

community, decision makers, and the public.community, decision makers, and the public. Coordinating education and outreach in the hydrologic Coordinating education and outreach in the hydrologic

sciences.sciences.

Advances science byAdvances science by Facilitating research by individual PIs and collaborationsFacilitating research by individual PIs and collaborations

between PIs, and between PIs, and among PIs and agenciesamong PIs and agencies

and even among agencies.and even among agencies. Coordinating and synthesizing data, theory and modelingCoordinating and synthesizing data, theory and modeling

Especially new observations in hydrologic science.Especially new observations in hydrologic science. Identifying and addressing important gaps in knowledgeIdentifying and addressing important gaps in knowledge

Serves society byServes society by Bringing scientific advances to the attention of the applied Bringing scientific advances to the attention of the applied

community, decision makers, and the public.community, decision makers, and the public. Coordinating education and outreach in the hydrologic Coordinating education and outreach in the hydrologic

sciences.sciences.

2323

Approach acknowledges thatApproach acknowledges thathydrologic science can be hydrologic science can be

separated:separated:

Approach acknowledges thatApproach acknowledges thathydrologic science can be hydrologic science can be

separated:separated: Hydrologic Process Science Hydrologic Process Science

Theory and ModelsTheory and Models

Hydrologic Information (Place-Based) Hydrologic Information (Place-Based) Science Science Observations and DataObservations and Data

Hydrologic Process Science Hydrologic Process Science Theory and ModelsTheory and Models

Hydrologic Information (Place-Based) Hydrologic Information (Place-Based) Science Science Observations and DataObservations and Data

2424

Hydrologic Process ScienceHydrologic Process ScienceHydrologic Process ScienceHydrologic Process Science

The description of water flow and chemical & The description of water flow and chemical & sediment transport, and biogeochemical sediment transport, and biogeochemical transformation processes, through theory and transformation processes, through theory and models, including process integration, for models, including process integration, for hydrologic understanding and prediction;hydrologic understanding and prediction;

Processes themselves don’t change, but process Processes themselves don’t change, but process science changes by advancing scientific science changes by advancing scientific understanding, theory and models.understanding, theory and models.

The description of water flow and chemical & The description of water flow and chemical & sediment transport, and biogeochemical sediment transport, and biogeochemical transformation processes, through theory and transformation processes, through theory and models, including process integration, for models, including process integration, for hydrologic understanding and prediction;hydrologic understanding and prediction;

Processes themselves don’t change, but process Processes themselves don’t change, but process science changes by advancing scientific science changes by advancing scientific understanding, theory and models.understanding, theory and models.

2525

Hydrologic Information Hydrologic Information (Place-Based)(Place-Based)

ScienceScience Hydrologic Information Hydrologic Information (Place-Based)(Place-Based)

ScienceScience The description of hydrologic environments by The description of hydrologic environments by

observations, using data models for information observations, using data models for information integration and hydrologic visualization.integration and hydrologic visualization.

Place-based science does change, because what Place-based science does change, because what is happening to or at the place is changing. is happening to or at the place is changing. While processes themselves don’t change, which While processes themselves don’t change, which

processes are important at that place may be changing, processes are important at that place may be changing, smoothly in time, or dramatically as when a threshold is smoothly in time, or dramatically as when a threshold is exceeded. exceeded.

The description of hydrologic environments by The description of hydrologic environments by observations, using data models for information observations, using data models for information integration and hydrologic visualization.integration and hydrologic visualization.

Place-based science does change, because what Place-based science does change, because what is happening to or at the place is changing. is happening to or at the place is changing. While processes themselves don’t change, which While processes themselves don’t change, which

processes are important at that place may be changing, processes are important at that place may be changing, smoothly in time, or dramatically as when a threshold is smoothly in time, or dramatically as when a threshold is exceeded. exceeded.

2626











2727

Observing Strategy: Observing Strategy: Season to Century to Millennia Season to Century to Millennia

ReconstructionsReconstructions

Observing Strategy: Observing Strategy: Season to Century to Millennia Season to Century to Millennia

ReconstructionsReconstructions Reconstructions Reconstructions

To observe (detect) and understand change in To observe (detect) and understand change in the pastthe past

Vegetation, Climate, Biogeochemistry, Humans,Vegetation, Climate, Biogeochemistry, Humans,& feedbacks between them& feedbacks between them

To populate and test integrated models with To populate and test integrated models with data setsdata sets

To target processes, variables and locations for To target processes, variables and locations for future observationsfuture observations

To target processes for theory and model To target processes for theory and model developmentdevelopment

Employs CyberinfrastructureEmploys Cyberinfrastructure

Reconstructions Reconstructions To observe (detect) and understand change in To observe (detect) and understand change in

the pastthe past Vegetation, Climate, Biogeochemistry, Humans,Vegetation, Climate, Biogeochemistry, Humans,

& feedbacks between them& feedbacks between them To populate and test integrated models with To populate and test integrated models with

data setsdata sets To target processes, variables and locations for To target processes, variables and locations for

future observationsfuture observations To target processes for theory and model To target processes for theory and model

developmentdevelopment Employs CyberinfrastructureEmploys Cyberinfrastructure

2828

Observing Strategy:Observing Strategy: Reference Sites Reference Sites

Observing Strategy:Observing Strategy: Reference Sites Reference Sites

Long term observations capable of detecting Long term observations capable of detecting and observing change at a fixed place.and observing change at a fixed place.

Existing (including agency) and new locations.Existing (including agency) and new locations. Multi-scale, multidisciplinary observations Multi-scale, multidisciplinary observations

Point, hillslope, reach, basin, …Point, hillslope, reach, basin, … Physical, chemical, biological, social and economic Physical, chemical, biological, social and economic

Adaptive design Adaptive design Using non-static observation locationsUsing non-static observation locations

Long term observations capable of detecting Long term observations capable of detecting and observing change at a fixed place.and observing change at a fixed place.

Existing (including agency) and new locations.Existing (including agency) and new locations. Multi-scale, multidisciplinary observations Multi-scale, multidisciplinary observations

Point, hillslope, reach, basin, …Point, hillslope, reach, basin, … Physical, chemical, biological, social and economic Physical, chemical, biological, social and economic

Adaptive design Adaptive design Using non-static observation locationsUsing non-static observation locations

2929

Observing Strategy:Observing Strategy:CampaignsCampaigns

Observing Strategy:Observing Strategy:CampaignsCampaigns

Short and Long Term CampaignsShort and Long Term Campaigns Go to where the action is: focused observations Go to where the action is: focused observations

in a dynamic and changing environment.in a dynamic and changing environment. Short (weeks); Long (several years)Short (weeks); Long (several years) With or without association to a With or without association to a

reference site.reference site. Opportunistic Campaigns in response to Opportunistic Campaigns in response to

rare eventsrare events Especially when and where they dominate Especially when and where they dominate

fluxes fluxes Water, nutrients, sediments, energy, biotaWater, nutrients, sediments, energy, biota

Short and Long Term CampaignsShort and Long Term Campaigns Go to where the action is: focused observations Go to where the action is: focused observations

in a dynamic and changing environment.in a dynamic and changing environment. Short (weeks); Long (several years)Short (weeks); Long (several years) With or without association to a With or without association to a

reference site.reference site. Opportunistic Campaigns in response to Opportunistic Campaigns in response to

rare eventsrare events Especially when and where they dominate Especially when and where they dominate

fluxes fluxes Water, nutrients, sediments, energy, biotaWater, nutrients, sediments, energy, biota

3030











3131

CyberinfrastructureCyberinfrastructureCyberinfrastructureCyberinfrastructureA digital framework for models and data that A digital framework for models and data that integrates hydrologic science knowledge in a integrates hydrologic science knowledge in a consistent fashionconsistent fashion Ultimate deliverable, some decades in the future, Ultimate deliverable, some decades in the future,

is an operational modeling framework, is an operational modeling framework, capable of ingesting information and making predictions capable of ingesting information and making predictions of all processes at all time and space scales.of all processes at all time and space scales.

Mobilizes scientific knowledge Mobilizes scientific knowledge in an operational framework that allows anyone to view in an operational framework that allows anyone to view and understand hydrologic phenomena and and understand hydrologic phenomena and environments,environments,and decision makers & the public to have confidence in and decision makers & the public to have confidence in the use of scientific understanding for decision making. the use of scientific understanding for decision making.

A digital framework for models and data that A digital framework for models and data that integrates hydrologic science knowledge in a integrates hydrologic science knowledge in a consistent fashionconsistent fashion Ultimate deliverable, some decades in the future, Ultimate deliverable, some decades in the future,

is an operational modeling framework, is an operational modeling framework, capable of ingesting information and making predictions capable of ingesting information and making predictions of all processes at all time and space scales.of all processes at all time and space scales.

Mobilizes scientific knowledge Mobilizes scientific knowledge in an operational framework that allows anyone to view in an operational framework that allows anyone to view and understand hydrologic phenomena and and understand hydrologic phenomena and environments,environments,and decision makers & the public to have confidence in and decision makers & the public to have confidence in the use of scientific understanding for decision making. the use of scientific understanding for decision making.

3232

Something like what a telescope Something like what a telescope does for an astronomer. does for an astronomer.

““Instead of standing on the earth and Instead of standing on the earth and viewing the heavens through a physical viewing the heavens through a physical telescope, we are, so to speak, in the telescope, we are, so to speak, in the heavens looking back at a virtual earth heavens looking back at a virtual earth into any part of which we can zoom, into any part of which we can zoom, probe, observe, and investigate probe, observe, and investigate hydrologic science.”hydrologic science.”

Something like what a telescope Something like what a telescope does for an astronomer. does for an astronomer.

““Instead of standing on the earth and Instead of standing on the earth and viewing the heavens through a physical viewing the heavens through a physical telescope, we are, so to speak, in the telescope, we are, so to speak, in the heavens looking back at a virtual earth heavens looking back at a virtual earth into any part of which we can zoom, into any part of which we can zoom, probe, observe, and investigate probe, observe, and investigate hydrologic science.”hydrologic science.”

3333

Instrumentation & Sensor Instrumentation & Sensor PackagesPackages

Instrumentation & Sensor Instrumentation & Sensor PackagesPackages

Reference-site base packagesReference-site base packages Standard deployable packagesStandard deployable packages

e.g. compact hydrologic stations, fiber optic high spatially-e.g. compact hydrologic stations, fiber optic high spatially-resolved temperature, 2D ERT array, ETR+S arrays, etcresolved temperature, 2D ERT array, ETR+S arrays, etc

Modeling, methods and training for the strategic Modeling, methods and training for the strategic and opportunistic use of sensors, instruments and and opportunistic use of sensors, instruments and measurementsmeasurements

FacilityFacility Develop new technology for high resolution observations, Develop new technology for high resolution observations,

especially for states and fluxes along interfaces.especially for states and fluxes along interfaces. Support reference sites, campaigns, and individual Support reference sites, campaigns, and individual

investigatorsinvestigators

Reference-site base packagesReference-site base packages Standard deployable packagesStandard deployable packages

e.g. compact hydrologic stations, fiber optic high spatially-e.g. compact hydrologic stations, fiber optic high spatially-resolved temperature, 2D ERT array, ETR+S arrays, etcresolved temperature, 2D ERT array, ETR+S arrays, etc

Modeling, methods and training for the strategic Modeling, methods and training for the strategic and opportunistic use of sensors, instruments and and opportunistic use of sensors, instruments and measurementsmeasurements

FacilityFacility Develop new technology for high resolution observations, Develop new technology for high resolution observations,

especially for states and fluxes along interfaces.especially for states and fluxes along interfaces. Support reference sites, campaigns, and individual Support reference sites, campaigns, and individual

investigatorsinvestigators

3434






Synthesis ActivitiesSynthesis Activities Relationship to Hydroview Relationship to Hydroview (make an appendix?)(make an appendix?)




Synthesis ActivitiesSynthesis Activities Relationship to Hydroview Relationship to Hydroview (make an appendix?)(make an appendix?)

3535

Synthesis ActivitiesSynthesis ActivitiesSynthesis ActivitiesSynthesis Activities Provide vehicle toProvide vehicle to

organize planned & opportunistic observational organize planned & opportunistic observational campaignscampaigns

coordinate the activities, and assess and blend the coordinate the activities, and assess and blend the products, from the other elements of CUAHSIproducts, from the other elements of CUAHSI

foster formulation of new hydrologic science foster formulation of new hydrologic science questions and research initiatives through a questions and research initiatives through a synthesis (or cross-cutting analysis) of existing synthesis (or cross-cutting analysis) of existing information and theoriesinformation and theories

Provide direction for future science programs and Provide direction for future science programs and infrastructure needsinfrastructure needs

Provide vehicle toProvide vehicle to organize planned & opportunistic observational organize planned & opportunistic observational

campaignscampaigns coordinate the activities, and assess and blend the coordinate the activities, and assess and blend the

products, from the other elements of CUAHSIproducts, from the other elements of CUAHSI foster formulation of new hydrologic science foster formulation of new hydrologic science

questions and research initiatives through a questions and research initiatives through a synthesis (or cross-cutting analysis) of existing synthesis (or cross-cutting analysis) of existing information and theoriesinformation and theories

Provide direction for future science programs and Provide direction for future science programs and infrastructure needsinfrastructure needs

3636

Synthesis ActivitiesSynthesis ActivitiesSynthesis ActivitiesSynthesis Activities

How? Two aspects: How? Two aspects: Physical facility Physical facility (work in progress)(work in progress)

Centralized at CUAHSI or at a single Centralized at CUAHSI or at a single institution, institution, oror

Various tasks distributed among different Various tasks distributed among different institutionsinstitutions

Virtual facility integrated with the Virtual facility integrated with the CyberinfrastructureCyberinfrastructure

i.e., cybercollaboratoryi.e., cybercollaboratory

How? Two aspects: How? Two aspects: Physical facility Physical facility (work in progress)(work in progress)

Centralized at CUAHSI or at a single Centralized at CUAHSI or at a single institution, institution, oror

Various tasks distributed among different Various tasks distributed among different institutionsinstitutions

Virtual facility integrated with the Virtual facility integrated with the CyberinfrastructureCyberinfrastructure

i.e., cybercollaboratoryi.e., cybercollaboratory

3737











3838

Relationship to HYDROVIEWRelationship to HYDROVIEWRelationship to HYDROVIEWRelationship to HYDROVIEW

3939

Relationship to HYDROVIEWRelationship to HYDROVIEWRelationship to HYDROVIEWRelationship to HYDROVIEW

HIS and HMF have similar roles to play in this HIS and HMF have similar roles to play in this next generation science plannext generation science plan HIS HIS Cyberinfrastructure Cyberinfrastructure HMF HMF Instrumentation and Sensor Packages Instrumentation and Sensor Packages Who does communication?Who does communication?

While there is a need for “synthesis” activities, While there is a need for “synthesis” activities, we are still exploring what form that should take.we are still exploring what form that should take.

While the observing strategy includes fixed-place While the observing strategy includes fixed-place observing facilities, there are only part of a more observing facilities, there are only part of a more flexible and scalable approach.flexible and scalable approach.

HIS and HMF have similar roles to play in this HIS and HMF have similar roles to play in this next generation science plannext generation science plan HIS HIS Cyberinfrastructure Cyberinfrastructure HMF HMF Instrumentation and Sensor Packages Instrumentation and Sensor Packages Who does communication?Who does communication?

While there is a need for “synthesis” activities, While there is a need for “synthesis” activities, we are still exploring what form that should take.we are still exploring what form that should take.

While the observing strategy includes fixed-place While the observing strategy includes fixed-place observing facilities, there are only part of a more observing facilities, there are only part of a more flexible and scalable approach.flexible and scalable approach.

4040

Chapter 6. Opportunities for Chapter 6. Opportunities for Education, Outreach and Education, Outreach and

ApplicationsApplications

Chapter 6. Opportunities for Chapter 6. Opportunities for Education, Outreach and Education, Outreach and

ApplicationsApplications AudiencesAudiences

Higher Education, K-12, Public, Applications Higher Education, K-12, Public, Applications CommunityCommunity

Primary MeansPrimary Means Through Cyberinfrastructure, Through Cyberinfrastructure,

Instrumentation, Reference Sites and Instrumentation, Reference Sites and Synthesis ActivitiesSynthesis Activities

Also targeted activities and informal Also targeted activities and informal educationeducation

Need to partnerNeed to partner

AudiencesAudiences Higher Education, K-12, Public, Applications Higher Education, K-12, Public, Applications

CommunityCommunity Primary MeansPrimary Means

Through Cyberinfrastructure, Through Cyberinfrastructure, Instrumentation, Reference Sites and Instrumentation, Reference Sites and Synthesis ActivitiesSynthesis Activities

Also targeted activities and informal Also targeted activities and informal educationeducation

Need to partnerNeed to partner

4141

Chapter 7. Links and Partnerships

Chapter 7. Links and Partnerships

FromFrom projects formulated to projects formulated to achieve specific goals achieve specific goals

From From disciplines working disciplines working independently independently

From From organizations gathering & organizations gathering & organizing data to fit their own organizing data to fit their own needs needs

From From models formed to simulate models formed to simulate individual processesindividual processes

FromFrom field stations positioned in field stations positioned in relatively homogeneous areas. relatively homogeneous areas.

FromFrom projects formulated to projects formulated to achieve specific goals achieve specific goals

From From disciplines working disciplines working independently independently

From From organizations gathering & organizations gathering & organizing data to fit their own organizing data to fit their own needs needs

From From models formed to simulate models formed to simulate individual processesindividual processes

FromFrom field stations positioned in field stations positioned in relatively homogeneous areas. relatively homogeneous areas.

ToTo projects formulated to contribute projects formulated to contribute to a portfolioto a portfolio

ToTo disciplines merging to address disciplines merging to address higher-ordered problems.higher-ordered problems.

ToTo setting standards and protocols setting standards and protocols so data can be freely exchanged so data can be freely exchanged and readily used by all.and readily used by all.

ToTo a community modeling a community modeling framework that simulates framework that simulates interactions among diverse interactions among diverse processesprocesses

ToTo observations across a network observations across a network where multiple disciplines work where multiple disciplines work from a common data base among a from a common data base among a network of heterogeneous sites network of heterogeneous sites

ToTo projects formulated to contribute projects formulated to contribute to a portfolioto a portfolio

ToTo disciplines merging to address disciplines merging to address higher-ordered problems.higher-ordered problems.

ToTo setting standards and protocols setting standards and protocols so data can be freely exchanged so data can be freely exchanged and readily used by all.and readily used by all.

ToTo a community modeling a community modeling framework that simulates framework that simulates interactions among diverse interactions among diverse processesprocesses

ToTo observations across a network observations across a network where multiple disciplines work where multiple disciplines work from a common data base among a from a common data base among a network of heterogeneous sites network of heterogeneous sites

Within NSF, with other federal and state agencies, and with NGOs, transforming hydrologic science:

Within NSF, with other federal and state agencies, and with NGOs, transforming hydrologic science:

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Chapter 8. ImplementationChapter 8. ImplementationChapter 8. ImplementationChapter 8. Implementation

AspectsAspects Step-wiseStep-wise

Learn from each stepLearn from each step Adaptable and FlexibleAdaptable and Flexible

As science changesAs science changes not heavily indebted to existing paradigmsnot heavily indebted to existing paradigms

As the community changesAs the community changes As funding opportunities changeAs funding opportunities change

ScalableScalable Actionable ItemsActionable Items Priorities and DecisionsPriorities and Decisions

AspectsAspects Step-wiseStep-wise

Learn from each stepLearn from each step Adaptable and FlexibleAdaptable and Flexible

As science changesAs science changes not heavily indebted to existing paradigmsnot heavily indebted to existing paradigms

As the community changesAs the community changes As funding opportunities changeAs funding opportunities change

ScalableScalable Actionable ItemsActionable Items Priorities and DecisionsPriorities and Decisions

4343

Priorities and DecisionsPriorities and DecisionsPriorities and DecisionsPriorities and Decisions Criteria for setting priorities and making decisions Criteria for setting priorities and making decisions

aboutabout Selecting and balancingSelecting and balancing

Reconstruction targetsReconstruction targets Reference site locations and designsReference site locations and designs Campaigns choices and elementsCampaigns choices and elements

Cyberinfrastructure, Data and Modeling (Framework) Cyberinfrastructure, Data and Modeling (Framework) emphasis and protocolsemphasis and protocols

Instrumentation & sensor packagesInstrumentation & sensor packages Shelf-lifeShelf-life MobilityMobility VersatilityVersatility Transparently UsefulTransparently Useful

And other design and operational issuesAnd other design and operational issues

Criteria for setting priorities and making decisions Criteria for setting priorities and making decisions aboutabout Selecting and balancingSelecting and balancing

Reconstruction targetsReconstruction targets Reference site locations and designsReference site locations and designs Campaigns choices and elementsCampaigns choices and elements

Cyberinfrastructure, Data and Modeling (Framework) Cyberinfrastructure, Data and Modeling (Framework) emphasis and protocolsemphasis and protocols

Instrumentation & sensor packagesInstrumentation & sensor packages Shelf-lifeShelf-life MobilityMobility VersatilityVersatility Transparently UsefulTransparently Useful

And other design and operational issuesAnd other design and operational issues

4444







4545

What next?What next?What next?What next? PastPast

MeetingsMeetings The SAT has been meeting weekly (phone conference) since late August. The SAT has been meeting weekly (phone conference) since late August. Face-to-face meeting in mid-NovemberFace-to-face meeting in mid-November

Presentations Presentations at AGU in Decemberat AGU in December this presentation is the first to the BoDthis presentation is the first to the BoD

WritingWriting First cut draft of entire report First cut draft of entire report The key has been to focus on substance, especially concept, logic and importance, and The key has been to focus on substance, especially concept, logic and importance, and

to not worry about wordsmithing. to not worry about wordsmithing. If there is an exception to this, its words that help convey the excitement and importance of If there is an exception to this, its words that help convey the excitement and importance of

what we are trying to do.what we are trying to do. FutureFuture

Draft reportDraft report Complete and polish draftComplete and polish draft The committee will review and revised draft in JanuaryThe committee will review and revised draft in January

Improving the concepts and their organization, etcImproving the concepts and their organization, etc There will then be an opportunity for BoD and other interested parties to comment on There will then be an opportunity for BoD and other interested parties to comment on

the plan before it is finalized.the plan before it is finalized. The report will then be revised again and submitted to CUAHSI for an independent The report will then be revised again and submitted to CUAHSI for an independent

reviewreview

PastPast MeetingsMeetings

The SAT has been meeting weekly (phone conference) since late August. The SAT has been meeting weekly (phone conference) since late August. Face-to-face meeting in mid-NovemberFace-to-face meeting in mid-November

Presentations Presentations at AGU in Decemberat AGU in December this presentation is the first to the BoDthis presentation is the first to the BoD

WritingWriting First cut draft of entire report First cut draft of entire report The key has been to focus on substance, especially concept, logic and importance, and The key has been to focus on substance, especially concept, logic and importance, and

to not worry about wordsmithing. to not worry about wordsmithing. If there is an exception to this, its words that help convey the excitement and importance of If there is an exception to this, its words that help convey the excitement and importance of

what we are trying to do.what we are trying to do. FutureFuture

Draft reportDraft report Complete and polish draftComplete and polish draft The committee will review and revised draft in JanuaryThe committee will review and revised draft in January

Improving the concepts and their organization, etcImproving the concepts and their organization, etc There will then be an opportunity for BoD and other interested parties to comment on There will then be an opportunity for BoD and other interested parties to comment on

the plan before it is finalized.the plan before it is finalized. The report will then be revised again and submitted to CUAHSI for an independent The report will then be revised again and submitted to CUAHSI for an independent

reviewreview

4646

A few extra iterations …A few extra iterations …A few extra iterations …A few extra iterations … Our deadlines are artificial, though Our deadlines are artificial, though

real.real. If we take a couple of extra iterations If we take a couple of extra iterations

to get it right, we should do so.to get it right, we should do so.

Our deadlines are artificial, though Our deadlines are artificial, though real.real.

If we take a couple of extra iterations If we take a couple of extra iterations to get it right, we should do so.to get it right, we should do so. ““We need a mature, defensible, and sound We need a mature, defensible, and sound

science plan that science plan that makes it clear why community based efforts makes it clear why community based efforts

are necessary to advance hydrologic science,are necessary to advance hydrologic science, provides a description and justification for provides a description and justification for

those efforts, andthose efforts, and provides guidance to prioritize activities and provides guidance to prioritize activities and

support decisions.”support decisions.”

““We need a mature, defensible, and sound We need a mature, defensible, and sound science plan that science plan that makes it clear why community based efforts makes it clear why community based efforts

are necessary to advance hydrologic science,are necessary to advance hydrologic science, provides a description and justification for provides a description and justification for

those efforts, andthose efforts, and provides guidance to prioritize activities and provides guidance to prioritize activities and

support decisions.”support decisions.”

Documents

John Wilson