Joint Injuries

Common Sport Injury Terms

Strains, Pulls & Tears• Strains (associated with ligaments & tendon)• Pulls & Tears (associated with muscle)• Categorized based on severity– First, second & third degree– Mild (ice) Moderate Severe (surgery)

Tendonitis• “itis” = inflammation• Inflammation of tendon• Cause: irritation due to prolonged use or

abnormal use

Dislocations & Separations• Dislocation – displaced from original location• Separation – ligaments tear & separate (varies in severity)

Cartilage Damage• Commonly known as “torn cartilage”

• Avascular (no blood supply) injuries take time to heal

• Treatment: arthroscopy

• Hyaline cartilage – found in bones• Fibro cartilage – found in vertebrae• Elastic cartilage – found in ear

Arthroscopyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-jIyvIVLYZM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJGJJOA1Me0&feature=related

Q angle

• Quadriceps angle• Formed in the frontal plane by a line drawn

from the centre of the patella to the anterior superior iliac spine and another from the centre of the tibial tuberosity to the centre of the patella

• If angle is greater than 20 degrees; more chance for injury

Shin Splints• Cause: Overuse, improper foot wear & not

enough time for recovery• Occurs on medial or lateral shaft of tibia

Osgood-Schlatter Syndrome• Ossification centres in bones of children• Affects epiphyseal plate of tibial tuberosity• “growing pains”

Patellofemoral Syndrome (PFS)• Anterior knee pain or pain around patella• Causes: sports like running, volleyball &

basketball

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Inversion Sprains• “twisted ankle” or “rolling your ankle”• Ankle most unstable in plantar flexion

Eversion Sprains• Rare – strength of deltoid ligament• Severe causes – medial malleolus & fibula

breaks

Treatment of Injuries

Signs an injury has occurred:• Swelling • Heat (increase temperature)• Altered (tissue not functioning properly)• Red• Painful (to touch or move)

P.I.E.R. Principle

Treatment of injury when it happens:

PressureIceElevateRestriction