JournalJournal10/2510/25 PhotosynPhotosyn

What do you know about What do you know about photosynthesis? What goes through this photosynthesis? What goes through this process? What reactants are needed for this process? What reactants are needed for this process to happen? What is the point of process to happen? What is the point of photosynthesis? What are the products, or photosynthesis? What are the products, or what comes out of photosynthesis?what comes out of photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis & Cellular Photosynthesis & Cellular RespirationRespiration

How does this:

Provide us energy to do this:

http://www.snowlines.co.uk/acatalog/Chicago-2004-Evans-Rutto.jpg

http://posthastetaste.com/wp-content/uploads/2006/06/chard.jpg

BackgroundBackgroundEnergy and Living ThingsEnergy and Living Things

Where does Energy come from?Where does Energy come from? Either directly or indirectly from the sunEither directly or indirectly from the sun

Does Energy Flow?Does Energy Flow? Absolutely.Absolutely. From one organism From one organism (notice this does not say only from one (notice this does not say only from one

animal)animal) to another to another Quick Review: What is Metabolism?Quick Review: What is Metabolism?

New Definition: Using E to build or breakNew Definition: Using E to build or break down moleculesdown molecules

Student to Board: What comes into Student to Board: What comes into and out of plants?and out of plants?

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.homestead-farm.net/art/kidsArt/photosynthesis-color.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.homestead-farm.net/KidsLinks/Photosynthesis.html&h=499&w=814&sz=38&hl=en&start=4&um=1&usg=__c_VKL-6TlFerh3eBtb2FYV3zQVc=&tbnid=M0f3YdE7pH2wYM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=144&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dphotosynthesis%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis Photosynthesis:Photosynthesis: process that converts light E to Chemical E process that converts light E to Chemical E ( turns light into food . . . WOW!)( turns light into food . . . WOW!)

A building part of metabolismA building part of metabolism Light + HLight + H22O + COO + CO22 C C66HH1212OO66 + O + O22 + H + H22OO Occurs in the chloroplastOccurs in the chloroplast

Organisms that use energy from sunlight (or inorganicOrganisms that use energy from sunlight (or inorganic substances) to make organic (specifically sugar)substances) to make organic (specifically sugar) compounds are called: compounds are called:

autotrophsautotrophs (auto = self, troph = feeder) (auto = self, troph = feeder)

Organisms that get their E from food instead of directly fromOrganisms that get their E from food instead of directly from sunlight (or inorganic substances) are called: sunlight (or inorganic substances) are called: heterotrophs (heterotrophs (hetero = different, troph = feederhetero = different, troph = feeder))

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.caribbeanedu.com/images/kewl/photosynthesis.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.caribbeanedu.com/kewl/science/science04d.asp&usg=__z2WrQ1ZQObo3N63QoRoFDbyE4dw=&h=400&w=320&sz=61&hl=en&start=4&sig2=nrXLUsffVfyidKIWDOcd7A&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=7IgIR1uAqvIUvM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=99&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dphotosynthesis%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox%26rlz%3D1I7ADSA_en%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=YYVrTdDEOIjetgeGq5zoAw

Check out Google images

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/photosynthesis3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.biologycorner.com/bio4/notes/photosynthesis.html&h=419&w=605&sz=94&hl=en&start=5&um=1&usg=__55mk6M5H9DIwiCas6LVRVp4Zrf4=&tbnid=KOJwqlNWBJIOjM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlight%2Bdependent%2Band%2Blight%2Bindependent%2Breactions%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/photo-overview1478.JPG&imgrefurl=http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/photo-ligt-indpen.html&h=387&w=500&sz=90&hl=en&start=1&um=1&usg=__kqYF4XDumiVpXXpJP5VvyCuw9rM=&tbnid=NRJbfonTp2xB0M:&tbnh=101&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlight%2Bdependent%2Band%2Blight%2Bindependent%2Breactions%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den

Structure and Function of the LeafStructure and Function of the Leaf

The side view of a leaf:

Up close view of stoma and guard cell (looking up from the bottom):

Answer the following questions in completesentences to have them to study from:

1. What is the cuticle for?2. Where are the stoma generally located?3. Are the stoma open or closed during

the day?4. What process takes place during the day?5. Name two substances (gases) released through the stomata.6. Name one substance taken up through the stomata?7. What do the stomata do at night?8. What is the advantage of the leaf being

broad, flat and thin?

Stoma

We know where the energy originates from.We know where the energy originates from.

We know how the gases get in and out of the We know how the gases get in and out of the plant.plant.

We know what the sun energy gets turned into . . We know what the sun energy gets turned into . . . Sugar. Sugar

So, are plants filled with sugar, or do they get So, are plants filled with sugar, or do they get stored as something else?stored as something else?

- stored as starch- stored as starch

- in cell walls as cellulose- in cell walls as cellulose

(remember large carb, dogs can’t digest)(remember large carb, dogs can’t digest)

Factors that affect Photosysnthesis

-Temperature-Light concentration-Supply of water-Supply or concentration of CO2

-Minerals in soil-Ph levels-Time of day-Species

Light SpectrumLight Spectrum

What colors of light are used by photosynthesis?What colors of light are used by photosynthesis?

- all but green- all but green

What colors are in white light?What colors are in white light?

- ROY G BIV- ROY G BIV

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/cchem/prism_spectrum.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/cchem/color.html&h=309&w=500&sz=16&hl=en&start=14&tbnid=TyUd3uwe0WNuhM:&tbnh=80&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dvisible%2Bspectrum%2Bthrough%2Ba%2Bprism%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.bhphotovideo.com/images/spectrumbig.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.bhphotovideo.com/find/Product_Resources/lighting1.jsp&h=299&w=500&sz=32&hl=en&start=5&tbnid=KWXjk0uRnrEe1M:&tbnh=78&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dvisible%2Bspectrum%2Bthrough%2Ba%2Bprism%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive

See text Page 98

Now that the sugar is made, how do organisms Now that the sugar is made, how do organisms turn it into usable E?turn it into usable E?

Cellular or Aerobic RespirationCellular or Aerobic Respiration – – Aerobic respiration – respiration that requires oxygenAerobic respiration – respiration that requires oxygen

produces produces 38 ATP38 ATP Ex. = cellular respirationEx. = cellular respiration

CR - process that converts chemical energy CR - process that converts chemical energy (specifically glucose) into usable energy (specifically glucose) into usable energy (specifically ATP)(specifically ATP)

A breaking part of metabolismA breaking part of metabolism Occurs in the Occurs in the mitochondriamitochondria CC66HH1212OO66 + O + O22 + H + H22O O H H22O + COO + CO22 + 38ATP + 38ATP

(By the way, CR is much like burning fuel)(By the way, CR is much like burning fuel)

Review: Photosynthesis: light E chemical E Cellular Respiration: chemical E usable E

Draw Mito

Now that the sugar is made, how do Now that the sugar is made, how do organisms turn it into usable E? organisms turn it into usable E?

Student to board: What comes in and out of Student to board: What comes in and out of most living organisms?most living organisms?

http://staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/BCycles_files/cow_oxygencycle.jpg

http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/Cellular%20Respiration/cellul13.gif

Also use text p. 232-234

What step requires O2?

http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/cellresp.jpg

http://www.zunal.com/myaccount/uploads/c9x6cell-respiration.jpg

http://staff.jccc.net/pdecell/cellresp/respoverview.html

Are there organisms that live Are there organisms that live without oxygen?without oxygen? YES (guess what they are?) YES (guess what they are?)

They get E via Anaerobic RespirationThey get E via Anaerobic Respiration Anaerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration – respiration that does not – respiration that does not

require oxygen (produces 2 ATP)require oxygen (produces 2 ATP) Ex.Ex. = lactic acid = lactic acid FERMENTATIONFERMENTATION

alcoholic alcoholic FERMENTATIONSFERMENTATIONS

The process in which The process in which glucose is converted into CO is converted into CO22 and H and H22O in the presence of oxygen, O in the presence of oxygen,

releasing much large amounts of ATP. . . Breathing to exchange Oreleasing much large amounts of ATP. . . Breathing to exchange O22 for CO for CO22..

http://www.everythingbio.com/glos/definition.php?word=aerobic%20respiration

Summary, Writing Both Summary, Writing Both EquationsEquations

Write equations on

Write equations on

board!board!

Chart in packet

Why is Photosynthesis and CR so Why is Photosynthesis and CR so important?important?

Energy is stored in glucose during photosynthesis Energy is stored in glucose during photosynthesis so that it can be torn apart during CR, the E so that it can be torn apart during CR, the E released is used to make ATPreleased is used to make ATP

Is photosynthesis or cellular respiration completed in Is photosynthesis or cellular respiration completed in plants?plants?

BOTHBOTH

http://img.sparknotes.com/figures/1/18b9012870c85fba3a8046a767b52ddf/anaerobicaerobic.gif

ATP ReviewATP Review

ATP = adenosine triphosphateATP = adenosine triphosphate Organisms source of EOrganisms source of E

Quick, usableQuick, usable The “whole” point of Photosynthesis and CR is to The “whole” point of Photosynthesis and CR is to

get ATPget ATP ADP + P + Energy ADP + P + Energy ATP ATP ATP --> ADP + P + EnergyATP --> ADP + P + Energy

(D for di or 2, T for tri or three)(D for di or 2, T for tri or three)

ATP ContinuedATP Continued

ADENOSINETRIPHOSPHATE

PPP

ADENOSINEDIPHOSPHATE

PP

++ EnergyP

This molecule hasLOTS of quick usableENERGY stored in the bonds between the phosphates!!!

We can usethis ENERGYto run, walk,think play, sing, etc

Quiz on Photosynthesis 10/31/07Quiz on Photosynthesis 10/31/071.1. What is the process that converts light energy to chemical What is the process that converts light energy to chemical

energy?energy?2.2. A _________ is an organism that gets its energy directly A _________ is an organism that gets its energy directly

from the sun, so that it can feed itself.from the sun, so that it can feed itself.3.3. What are the two reactions in photosynthesis?What are the two reactions in photosynthesis?4.4. What gas is released during the first stage?What gas is released during the first stage?5.5. What gas is used in the second stage?What gas is used in the second stage?6.6. What organic molecule is made at the end of the second What organic molecule is made at the end of the second

stage?stage?7.7. What color is not absorbed by plants?What color is not absorbed by plants?8.8. What is the name of the hole in the leaf that allows gases in What is the name of the hole in the leaf that allows gases in

and out?and out?9.9. What are two environmental factors that affect the rate of What are two environmental factors that affect the rate of

photosynthesis.photosynthesis.10.10. What is the equation for photosynthesis? (If you are stuck, What is the equation for photosynthesis? (If you are stuck,

remember CR backwards)remember CR backwards)