Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society [preview]

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Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo BunkoReview by: A. C. MouleJournal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, No. 1 (Jan., 1930), pp. 207-209

Published by: Cambridge University PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25194101 .

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2/4

research department

of the toyo

bunko

207

of

all

the

most

important

surviving

codes

of

Mongol

law.

As that law is

an

admirable specimen of the traditional law

of

a

people

living

in

a

purely

nomadic

state,

it

is

easy

to

realize

that the

account

is full

of

interest.

It

is

not

difficult

to

see

that the author

is

more

at

home

in

law

than

in

Mongol,

for

instance,

in his

translation

of

the

famous

Minussinsk

pai-tz?

on

p.

20,

he

has

accepted

a

transla

tion,

the

inaccuracy

of which

was

demonstrated

over

sixty

years

ago.

In details of translation,

therefore,

the book

should

not

be

accepted

as

one

requiring

no

further

verification,

but

as

a

general

introduction

to

the

subject

it

can

be

recom

mended

without

reserve.

G.

L.

M.

Clauson.

Memoirs

of the

Research Department

of the

Toyo

Bunko.

No.

2.

10J

x

7-J-,

146

pp.

Tokyo,

1928.

This

number

consists

of

the

first

part

of

an

article

Of

P'u

Shou-keng

by

Dr. Jitsuz? Kuwabara

and A

Study

of

Su-te

or

Sogdiana

by

Dr. Kurakichi

Shiratori.

The

first

is

buried

in

an

overwhelming

mass

of

notes

which,

however,

contain

an

extremely interesting series of quotations from

Chinese

authors.

P'u,

whom

Chinese

biographers

call

a

native

of

Ch'iiau-chou,

was

in

fact,

it

seems,

a

foreigner

and

superintendent

of

foreign

trade

at

Ch'?an-chou at

the end

of

the

Sung

dynasty.

And

so

Dr.

Kuwabara is able

to

attack

at

great

length

the

old

familiar

questions

of

the date of

foreign

trade

at

Ch'?an-chou,

the

equivalence

of

Zaitun,

and of

Kinsay, etc. Zaitun, he concludes, is of course

Tz'u-t'ung

;

but

he

produces

only

two

examples

of

Tz'?-t'ung

ch'?ng,

both

from

poets,

and

one

of them

not

a

case

of the

name

of

the

place

at

all,

but

a

playful

remark that

at

Ch'?an-chou

they

make

their

city

walls of trees

and

their

bamboo

sprouts

of

stone.

What

the

Ch'iian

chou

fu

chih

says

is

that the

place

might

be

called

(as

indeed it

sometimes

was

called)

T'ung

eh'eng.

As

far

as

1

can

see

neither

T'ung

ch'eng

nor

Tz'u-t'ung


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3/4

208

NOTICES

OF

BOOKS

ch'?ng

is in the

P'ei

wen

yiinfu

or

in

Giles,

and

Tz'?

yiian

has only T'ung ch'eng. It seems to be quite possible that

Znitun

was,

as

Andrew

of

Perugia

says,

the

Persian

name,

and

not

a

Chinese

word

at

all.

So

Ibn

Batuta

was

prepared

to

accept

Khans?

(Hang-chou)

as a

Persian

word,

just

like

the

name

of

the

poetess,

but

had not

troubled

to

find

out

what

it

really

was.

Dr. K.

is

sure

that

Khans?,

Kinsay,

or

the

like,

is the

Chinese

Hsing-tsai,

unconscious

that

he

has been

anticipated

in this

suggestion

by

Professor

Vissi?re

and

Mr.

Waley.

Here

again

he

produces

no

evidence

that

Hsing-tsai

was

ever

a

popular

name

which

foreigners

would

be

likely

to

pick

up,

nor

does he

give

even

as

much

evidence

as was

given

in

this

Journal

in

1917,

to

show

what

Hang

chou

was

actually

called

in

the thirteenth

and

fourteenth

centuries.

By

correcting

the

translation

of

tp

fy

chia

ling

from

Kling

?

to

According

to

the

regulations

,

Dr.

K.

transfers

the

priority

in

the

use

of

the mariners'

compass

from the

Arabs,

to

whom

Hirth

had

assigned

it

(Ghau

Ju

kua,

p.

30),

to

the Chinese.

Hirth,

who

is

very

diffident

about

his

Kling,

remarks, however,

that

the

ships

were

certainly not Chinese.

Other

subjects

upon

which

very

interesting

quotations

will

be

found

in

these learned

notes

are

the

export

of

coin

and

precious

metals,

medieval

extraterritoriality,

the

inter

marriage

of

foreigners

with

Chinese,

black

slaves

in

China,

paddle-wheel

boats

(omitting

their

use

at

the

siege

of

Hsiang

yang),

and

many

more.

The

printing

both

of

English

and

Chinese

might

be more accurate.

The

second

paper

is

in

form

just

the

opposite

of

the

first.

That is

to

say

that Chinese

texts

are

not

quoted

in

the

original,

and that

notes

are

reduced

to

the

briefest

possible

remarks

or

generally

references

to books.

It

is

impossible

here

to

deal

in

any

detail

with the writer's

closely

reasoned

and

very

important

argument

for

the

identification

of

Sogdiana

(either

the

whole

district

or one

particular

part

of

it)

with

various




4/4

s?nica franciscana

20?

Chinese

names

which

appear

in the

histories from

the Shih

chi

to the

T'ang

shit,

but it

must be

obvious

at

once

that

we

have

here

a

very

important

contribution

to

the

subject

with

which

all

future students

must make

themselves

familiar.

This

whole

number

brings

home

to

us

the extent

and

value

of

the research

work

which

is

being

done

in

the

Far

East

and

of

which

we

in

England

are

too

often

unaware.

A.

C.

Moule.

S?nica

Franciscana,

Vol. I. Itinera

et

Relationes

Fratrum

Minorum

saeculi

XIII

ct

XIV

collegit,

ad fidem

codicum

redegit

et adnota

vit

P.

Anastasi

us

Van

den

Wyncaert

O.F.M.

10x7,

vii

exviii+3-G37

pp.,

with

map.

Quaracchi,

apud

Collegium

S.

Bonaventurae,

1929.

The

travels, stories,

and

letters

of

the

Franciscans

in

the

thirteenth and fourteenth centuries form, as is well known,

not

merely

a

history

of wonderful

missionary

enterprise,

but

the

principal

medieval

source

of information next

to

(and

sometimes

superior

to)

Marco

Polo

about

Central

Asia

and

China,

and

so

this volume

which

gives

all

the

most

important

texts

in the

best critical form

which has

yet

appeared

will

be

of

the

utmost

interest

and

service

to

students.

S?nica

is

not

limited

to

China

Proper,

for the

complete

texts

of

Carpi

ni

and

Rubruquis

who

never

reached China

are

included,

but

it

is

interpreted

to

exclude

authors

who deal

solely

with the

Near

East, Persia,

and

India. Each

text

is

printed

from

the

best

available

manuscript,

with

the

variants

of

other

important

MSS. and

brief

explanatory

notes

at

the

foot

of

the

page,

and

with

Prolegomena

which

deal

with

the

writer,

the

source,

and

so

forth. For

Odoric the

author

records

ninety-four

MSS.

as

against

Cordier's

seventy-six,

but

he

does

not

profess

to

have

examined,

far

less

to

have

collated,

this

large

number.

His

dependence

(always

acknowledged)

on

his

predecessors

is

sometimes

too

great.

Thus in

his

first

Latin

MS.

at

Berlin

he

repeats

Yule-Cordier's

number

131,

for 141 ; and he has naturally misunderstood the obscurely

JUAS.

JANUAItY

1930.

14


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