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dl*1 dij :*s!61srlg .,JI.J|O.I Fjj_, ".Sob1;rjyl.ri:rj d;..es& lf s **.'iU oJlj.r*,r .9.r$ J*., o,\d? blto \ l'! 6 ..;'Li-r ,-W .r,-t f )J, tE)L '_-G 1 ..,j),EI u.rr^ _L-t L_:, :\ ;;;; .;r,T ;,-t .c t^,-.;.6rss" jrr."rrrr-,r'rr*,Y;T.f ,frrT;:: g,r ,*41 A),e J t^ jrt Lstt.6r."r+ i.tl2c *.:tSt )t 4_:f t-., ri (cjl_ ef ,s:llt1 tr- e( jl :qtr "^S f :tyt a:-r 3: ;e:t slrL, :, .[i,se j-lr lJ dy-l ,_rt_"" ,;u._l u- *fu,r -_lu s\^ "t ).tt s: | -*, ,*^ "A ".f* 6 6:tr)tt tf-: reu_ )1 .r;tqiF 1: u;>t;,Urrr4-O U) ,,r;;rn G*t - L Gr;t o,t )^.-uF.r, :b G*ra/ c-.L_ J nr"n ),a, S, ':.1-,r. a:;L-i, .9.21-r ![-l 6_r r *u-u __! rLL_t .c_..,; tjlf- -t:, r *!rTJqi? L l^4;LJ .c-t j-u:uJt<t ;>ur orr^ ,r*-r ,, '^"t;; l-.r,rr)ul ,-lr. l:-tFU L a:_U; l i,(-jut 6tsGi>ul dlnyJ.:I l;514*tt [A4jL-J c'L].ril )i J-d, iJaJ 1 csj! .rr>{-l ."lr^ ,b.-l a;11 ,,t s jI u, :1_ j u L-oo:l,3.21;t -lLi.:.t r. ft$t .sldLr c-S;-F L bi.iLr n' i_t ,rst-(,Kt r ,: .-r,"L::Q1lp:r. J: _s: t.s otv 1,V;t.GtFr );ti,,. _r,{ ar._n.r _ut; . ::* ,rrr-: ,K:t. ;.r; .g.dil, ,u_r * '.rC, r, t s.,-{ J';-.e,i, .s.-ri;,. * ,

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Page 1: jrr.rrrr-,r'rr*,Y;T.f ,frrT;: - lawtest · -."llJlix ,i,,-j.r a.3ri' (rti+iro aI'.A JorLj d&Jj.l-, Glr:\ y,-rV :.* + ;uK j.;T .s, Ut .--rr, !i (Jr>t-t u.tr^ :L-.1 ;_: r;L;;tiT; o

dl*1 dij :*s!61srlg .,JI.J|O.I Fjj_,

".Sob1;rjyl.ri:rj d;..es& lf s

**.'iU oJlj.r*,r .9.r$ J*.,

o,\d?blto \ l'! 6 ..;'Li-r ,-W .r,-t f )J, tE)L '_-G 1 ..,j),EI u.rr^_L-t L_:, :\ ;;;; .;r,T ;,-t .ct^,-.;.6rss" jrr."rrrr-,r'rr*,Y;T.f ,frrT;::g,r ,*41 A),e J t^ jrt Lstt.6r."r+ i.tl2c *.:tSt )t 4_:f t-., ri (cjl_ef ,s:llt1 tr- e( jl :qtr

"^S f :tyt a:-r 3: ;e:t slrL, :, .[i,sej-lr lJ dy-l ,_rt_"" ,;u._l u- *fu,r -_lu s\^

"t ).tt s: | -*, ,*^"A ".f* 6 6:tr)tt tf-: reu_ )1 .r;tqiF

1: u;>t;,Urrr4-O U) ,,r;;rnG*t - L Gr;t o,t )^.-uF.r, :b G*ra/ c-.L_ J nr"n ),a, S,':.1-,r. a:;L-i, .9.21-r ![-l 6_r r *u-u __! rLL_t .c_..,; tjlf- -t:,r *!rTJqi? L l^4;LJ .c-t j-u:uJt<t ;>ur orr^ ,r*-r ,, '^"t;;l-.r,rr)ul ,-lr. l:-tFU L a:_U; l i,(-jut 6tsGi>ul dlnyJ.:I l;514*tt[A4jL-J c'L].ril )i J-d, iJaJ 1 csj! .rr>{-l ."lr^ ,b.-l a;11 ,,t s jI u, :1_ j uL-oo:l,3.21;t

-lLi.:.t r. ft$t .sldLr c-S;-F L bi.iLr n' i_t ,rst-(,Kt r ,:.-r,"L::Q1lp:r. J: _s: t.s otv 1,V;t.GtFr );ti,,.

_r,{ ar._n.r _ut;

. ::* ,rrr-: ,K:t. ;.r; .g.dil, ,u_r *'.rC, r, t s.,-{ J';-.e,i, .s.-ri;,. * ,

,.. j, drll)fi,rr rli5a.* Jq., ciri' t:ru.titu- d.b.. A !j!)1"; d&U.t,

36. Hillman, Robert A., Principles of Contract Law, Thomson West, 2004.

37. Roger LeRoy l\.4iller, Gaylord A. Jentz, Business Law Todayr The Essentials,

Cengage Learning, gth edilion,2010.

38.Dobson, Paul and Schmitthoff, Clive M., Business Law, London, Sweet &

Maxwell, 1sth ed., 1991.

39. Gillies, Peter, Concise Contract Law, Federation Press, '1988.

40. Powers, P. J., "Defining the lndefinable: Good Faith and the United Nations

Convenlion on lhe Contracts for the lnternational Sale of Goods" Journal of Law

and Commerce ,1999.

41.Taylor, R., "Expectation, Reliance and l\,4isrepresentation", 45 l\,4odern Law

Review,1982.

42. Treitel, G., An Outline of the Law of Contract, Oxford University press, 6thecl,

2004.

43. Treitei, G., The Law of Contract, London, Sweet & Maxwe , .10 th ed.,1990.

44. Treitel, G., Treitel on the Law of Contract, London, Sweet and Maxwell, 12rh ed.,

2007.

45. Wonnell, C., "The Structure of a GeneraT Theory of Nondisclosure,,, 4i Case

Western Reserve Law Review.1991

46. Comerford, W Thompson, "Property lnsurance: Materiality and Misrepresentation

Defense", Defense Counsel Journal,l 987.

\Y'

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- ,ll",Jtc* [email protected]. n u..,t.i.rr$+r

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to un"+ Jt cb * :1.2' jt ',rit-l 611

uir^Jt .r,hjrs. r-li. ,rt, r,)t tll :v74 t'ls \ y"l- jl .sJt1 -K-rr

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)(;"- .illi ,- j {tJt ., .-i q Jl_ . ., -r_,, .' - i , ..I .-I7 lr"."L1 ,l::.! '

iv' s,''.,i' 't\i + t'* i, iE, ,-s^^=:i

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"91,r>t1.,.* _t cts,tt ;;i .f At1 1 ,rf ;:L :;

I lrJ. r r.!4jt-J : ,tf ,rl:S o-uI >y1 * Gt-& ey Jt- r+ t- r 6L r+;:f UF ;*:f ,br;l .j){-l ,.17 O\F u::! .,t:at u" ;:tt; o7; 6f.-t , ,tU-,Jild .olJl-\,C-L- ,;:tE ,5,*..5ta-:1-p rg:7 rLaCLl * grl;,r" al-, ;l ,rf o:y

- ,tutix orj, ojri. olr.i,!, al,r. A d!,l,i.j da.tDt,

.ts u, )tt ;l"i (Ji}rl 6ty ,e) ,guK !' .r ah \\Y\ Jl- ;: ;a|d ut-r;-Xr j Ue,.j.1l dl.r, G-r,-rd jlrr n rlil il rStF l- J,i (cJl- ,.4t; S(!x; :.rjJl) .r-iJt .rJ >l jtl )l ":-: 3: 4f ,9*-;u ,t | *rrl Gp eL7\(5;)\rl r.lJ,! GeL4lL-,r<."rt., rE.gurjjrl 611 /; 6l*l,K:^ ,5 .5rt;t

,,f 6.nst,f--:6)- jt.rit&F ,u';st' ,lr'-t lrtl Jlll J,-l lJdju, i.l) lJ

G"-P !L. );ic^.:,tL;buar. --nL- 3 L;-e- o. ucL>l & .n^ y f*.s--;TJqJ- ! L6{Lr .c-l ;J;UKI Jy;l .r,lr.6 )l*,-l J) b4.iLr ;r ,A,l

l; j)t-l .,,17 ,:-lfU L- a-l3t J E)e. ,/lt,r;!l .91,4 ,'-T. ;5-ll a.-U, J

fA4jL, ;L"l-$l )5 )4t )J-J 1 .tjU ./)]'l -*lre :L--l ,9l y .*131u, :9-1 *

!^orlJJ JL;l -)L:,:;l 1 fl.r;l (,li,jUJ ,tF o-.F L ta.duj 6 c-l ;l' 1<I ..:--;

',-r,-L;,1-,-l ;:7 J:.1:t.1 u.ly 14|.^bt tilS; n:i..r".r..l ;a.r I +lj,, +"1.:l 1.r j "tf " swl .,r)(-l u.lJ.o ,s.S,F- ,S,f'a, l"til oJG, y-l y.r

,e 3,e , .-tk ;,L.);; ;j. o!t, _.r, .g,jbl.r. ,rrX-l J"lr^ c'\.a t?- s.,)t,i r b* ; ;,-l .rrL; .1: .,-S C tlS J-- ,>.2-y j>{-l ,rlr,r .:1211 ,.5...2.j

2. Cohen, Stanley, Folk Devils and lvloral Panics, 1972 (3rd ed.) , Londonl

Routledge,2002.

3. Kuzma, Cindy, "Rights and Libertiesr Sex, Lies, and Moral Panics" AllerNet,

available at: httpj/www.alternet.org/rights/26131/ (retrieved at 26105/2011).

Howad S. ) ,K ,Ur .L--i )L jji"j (Moral Entrepreneurs) iyrljl.l,.rirlt Cll,l .r

:r;i\? t-r-;i 'J--.' .); )' .' ,* i).-1 bV-u jlK 61 ,3, t-it + ..rLi .)J, rK { (Becker

.rt ) ; r-. c'JU, \l;t/.ru:" lK'r5.lU't I ;t-lUrt..:^

Becker, Howard S., Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance, New York, The

Free Press, 1963, pp. 147-153.

5. Folk Devils.

6. Cohen, op.cit., p.'16.

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12. Welch, Michael, Scapegoats of September 11th: Hate Crime and State Crimes inthe War on Terror, New Brunswick, NJ, Rutgers Unjversjty press, 2006.13. Cohen, op.cit., pp.'t'l-12.

11. Hate Crimes.

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14. Nachman, Ben-Yehuda, The Politics and Morality of Deviancer Moral Panics,

Dtug Abuse, and Reversed Stigmatization, Albany, New York, State Universlty of

New York Press, '1990, pp. 101, 104, 106, 129, 133 - Nachman, Ben-Yehuda, "The

Sociology of Moral Panics. Toward a New Synthesis", The Sociological Quarterly,

27:4, pp.495-513, 1986, available at: http://w\,vw.jstor.org/stable/4106341 (retrieved

at 21103/20'11).

;,i.' !ti:ir,j al* i d!,ta^i .5a."U01_e

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- -il"ilix ,",-jrjris erj+.t al* A d6 |i ,iaevo|-e

19. Brunvand, Jan Harold, The Truth Never Stands in the Way of a Good Story'

UrbanaUniversityollllinoisPress'2000-Brunvand,JanHarold,EncyclopediaofUrban Legends, New York' Norton' 2Oo1 - Fine' Gary Alan' and Turner' Patricia'

Whispers on the Color Line, Rumor and Race in America' Berkeley' University of

California Press. 200'1.

- .ruli,r ,o,-j,, g9+ crulild dl* A d!)L.j crd-Uo!,

L-5; AtS:1i P Ly.:, 6 L.; uc* olj.r, o< J-l r o.i L rD.i-l o,,

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15. Bromley, David G., "Satanism, The New Cult Scare", in: James T. Richardson,

Joel Best, and David G. Bromley (eds), The Satanism Scare, New York, Aldine de

Gruyter, 1991, pp. 49-72-De Young, Mary, The Day Care RitualAbuse lvloral Panic,

Jefferson, NC, McFarland, 2004.

16. Snuff (1976); seei http://www.imdb.com/title/ttoo721 84/.

17. Snuff Films; see: "Snutf films", available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snuff film

(relriev ed al 27 lO5 120 1 1 ).

18. Bronstein, Carolyn, "No More Black and BIue: Women Against Violence Against

Warner and the Warner Communicatioos Boycott", 1976-1979, Violence Against

Women, '14 (April), pp.418-36,2008, available at: http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/

1414/418.fu11. pdf+html (retrieved at 07/06/2011).

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20. Goode, Erich, Drugs in American Society, New York, Mccraw-Hill, 7 th ed., 2008.

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24. lbid., p.438.

25. Hall, Stuart et al., policing the Crisis, Ny'ugging, the State, and Law and Order.London, Macmillan, 1978.

26. Ibid., p. viii.

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23. Goode, op.cit., P. 116.

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Papers, N' 478, August 2008, available at: httpJ/www.bcentral.clleng/stdpub/studies/

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York, Aldine de Gruytet,'1992, p.201.

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41. Howard Becker.

42. Becket, op.cit., pp..l46_163.

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44. Professiona!subculture Model.

45. Me,vin. \,4enche.. News Reportrng andBenchmark. 7th ed.. 1gg7. pp. 34. 51.66_67.

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47. NIDA (National lnstitute on Drug Abuse).

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52. lbid.

53. Amber Alert.

54. Amber Hagerman.

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48. Megan's Law.

49. l\4egan Kanka.

50. Kltzinger, J., "The Ultimate Nighbour from Hell? The Media Representalion of

Paedophilia", in: franklin, B. (ed.), Message Recieived: Glasgow Media croupResearch 1993-1998, London, Longman, 1999, p.209.

51. Sara Payne.

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.lfAi rA\ .9"2L.l c:l:7- c u.1-c J-lJ-.,6a1,., ("(a.:L, c-,rJ".

2. Alvatez, Roberlo and Claro, Sebastidn, "David Versus Goliath: The lmpact of

Chinese Compelition on Developing Countries", Central Bank of Chile, Working

Papers, N" 478, August 2008, available at: httpr/www.bcentral.cl/eng/

stdpub/studies/ workingpaper (retrieved at 2610512011).

3. Becker, Howard S; Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance, New York,

The Free Press, 1963.

4. Bromley, David G., "Satanism, The New Cult Scare", in: James T. Richardson,

Joel Best, and David G. Bromley (eds.), The Satanism Scare, New Yo.k, Aldine

de Gruyter, 1991, pp. 49-72.

5. Bronstein, Carolyn, "No More Black and Bluer Women Against Violence Against

Warner and the Warner Communications Boycott", 1976-1979, Violence Against

Women, 14 (April) 2008, pp. 418-436, available at: htlpj/vaw.sagepub.com/

contenul4i4i 4'18. tull.pdf+html (retrieved at 07/06/201'1).

6. Brunvand, Jan Harold, Encyclopedia of Urban Legends, New York, Norton, 2001 .

7. Brunvand, Jan Harold, The Truth Never Stands in the Way of a Good Stqry,

Urbana University of lllinols Press,2000.

8. Cohen, Stanley, Folk Devils and Moral Panics, 1972 (3rd ed.), London:

Routledge,2002.

9. De Young, Mary, The Day Care Ritual Abuse Moral Panic, Jefferson, NC,

McFarland.2004.

10.Fee\e.!, Ma\c,o\m M. and S\mon, Jona\han, "Fo\k Deli\s and Mora\ panrcs: An

- ,rll"Jlix Cj., l'!ri' oti^i,'i dr- A ljlrL"j d..u!il,

ar.-tn: r'j .rr.l-jr4; .g3,

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1r tau-r. U ,JT oqr j rKlT rUT Ll (.-l .j, -9 :1"r-u {,rq.f i ss* s js..

55. Feeley, Malcolm M. and Simon, Jonalhan, 'Folk Devils and Moral panics: anappreciation from North America", in: David Downes et al, (eds) , Crime, SocialControl and Human Rights: From moral panics to states of denial, Essays in honourof Stanley Cohen, Cullompton, Willan publishing, 2007, pp. 39-52.

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27 tO5t2O11).

21. Waddinglon, p.A.J., .Mugging as a Moral panici A euesiion of proportion,,, British

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590356 (retrieved at 12t16t2}1l1l.

22. Welch, lvichael, Scapegoats bf Septembe.l lth: Hate Crime and State Crimes in

the War on Tenor, New Brunswick, NJ, Rutgers University press, 2006,

\VA

-. ,rll",lix crj.r (J,+ etij,., a,,t A dlrLa.i d..U!r,

appreciation lrom North America", in: David Downes et a/. (eds), Crime, Social

Control and Human Rights: From Moral Panics to States of Denial, Essays in

honour of Stanley Cohe!, Cullompton, Willan Publishing, 2007, pp. 39-52.

11. Fine, Gary Alan and Turner, Patricia, Whispers on the Color Line, Rumor and

Race in America, Berkeley, University of California Press, 2001.

12. Goode, Erich, Drugs in American Society, New York, Mccraw-Hill, 7rh ed,, 2008.

13, Hall, Stuart el al., Policing the Crisis, Mugging, the Slate, and Law and Order,

London, Macmillan, 1978.

14.Jenkins, Philip, lntimate Enemies, Moral Panics in Contemporary Britain, New

York, Aldine de cruyter, 1992.

15. Kitzinger, J., "The Ullimate Nighbour trom Hell? The Media Representation of

Paedophilia", ini Franklin, B. (ed,), Message Flecieived: Glasgow Media Group

Research'1993-1998, London, Longman,'1999.

16.Kuzma, Cindy, "Flights and Liberties: Sex, Lies, and Moral Panics", AlterNet,

available at: http:/iwww.alternet.org/rights/2613'll ltetieved al2610512011l.

'17. Melvin, Mencher, News Reporting and Writing, l\,ladison, W: Brown &

Benchmark, 7th ed., '1997.

18.Nachman, Ben-Yehuda, The Politics and Morality of Deviance: Moral Panics,

Drug Abuse, and Reversed Stigmatization, Albany, New York, State University of

New York Press. '1990.

19. Nachman, Ben-Yehuda, '"fhe Sociology of Moral Panics: Toward a New

Synthesis", The Sociological Quad..etly, 27i4, pp. 495-513, 1986, available at:

http;//wwwjstor.orglstablel4l 06341 (rclrieved at 21 lO3t2O1 1).

20. "Snutf Films', available at: http://en.wikipedia.org^^,iki/Snuff_film (retrieved at