JSS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPYjssphysiotherapy.edu.in/assets/documents/iqac/2nd_year_lesson_plan.pdfJSS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY . 2017. JSSCPT Page 3 . SCOPE OF BPT GRADUATES A graduate

JSS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2017

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J.S.S.MAHAVIDYAPEETHA J.S.S. COLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

RAMANUJA ROAD MYSORE 570004

B.P.T. II YEAR LESSON PLAN

2017 – 2018

SUBJECTS COORDINATORS

MICROBIOLOGY SHARVANI BELLE PATHALOGY PHARMACOLOGY THERAPEUTICS ELECTROTHERAPY


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FOREWORD

The purpose of this Lesson Plan is to guide the students on resources that are recommended to master the syllabus of each subject. This document consists of the

detailed topic wise plan, along with the Time table, Assignment list for the entire year, recommended books, Sample questions and Practical manual.

Each subject syllabus is divided into modules and each module is divided into units.

Every unit is provided with prescribed book, reference books and supplementary material. It is intended to help the students to refer the appropriate book. Students

are directed to go through the supplementary material wherever it is required in the form of videos or web links.

Each subject lesson plan is followed by sample questions; it helps students to understand the format of questions in university examinations.

Practical manual contains practical components which are required in assessment, interpretation and physiotherapy intervention. Students must have this practical

manual during practical classes and perform the procedure in presence of subject teacher. They must get each skill signed by the subject teacher. This is a pre-requisite

before using these skills on the patients. A companion book “SCALB” will be used during clinical rotation to assess clinical competency.

This is a general guideline and the subject teachers will provide additional instructions during the course of the year.

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL The purpose of this Lesson Plan is to guide the students on resources that are recommended to master the syllabus of each subject. This document consists of the detailed topic wise plan, along with the Time table, Assignment list for the entire year, recommended books, Sample questions and Practical manual. Each subject syllabus is divided into modules and each module is divided into units. Every unit is provided with prescribed book, reference books and supplementary material. It is intended to help the students to refer the appropriate book. Students are directed to go through the supplementary material wherever it is required in the form of videos or web links. Each subject lesson plan is followed by sample questions; it helps students to understand the format of questions in university examinations.


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SCOPE OF BPT GRADUATES

A graduate physiotherapist is qualified to work as an

Autonomous practice in an interdisciplinary team in hospital, rehabilitation centres, rehab project undertaken by Govt and NGOs.

Autonomous reflective practitioner in a variety of practice settings like private practice, rural health, sports and fitness centre , special schools , Govt. projects, NGOs,

corporate health centres.

BPT COURSE OBJECTIVE

At the end of the course a physiotherapy graduate will be able to-

Apply knowledge learnt in basic science and clinical science to arrive at a PT diagnosis and reasoning based treatment decision.

Use appropriate methods of evaluation to asses a patient/client to identify PT needs and set SMART goals.

Identify situation where referral to other professionals is needed and to comply.

Apply principles of management to accurately treat and manage the patient in timely and effective manner.

Communicate health information adequately and appropriately to patient, other health care professionals and public.

Employ and use research to practice with current recommendation in an ethical and effective manner with patient preference and available resources


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TABLE OF CONTENTS Sl No Name of content

1. . Academic Calendar 2016-17

2. Time table

3. Instructions to students

4. Lesson Plan - Therapeutics

5. Lesson Plan - Electrotherapy

6. Lesson Plan – Microbiology

7. Lesson Plan – Pathology

8. Lesson Plan – Pharmacology

9. Clinical competency log book Therapeutics & Electrotherapy


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ACADEMIC CALENDAR

Date Day Event Working days (279) 2017 Sep-18 Monday MPT – Orientation

September ( 12)

Sep-19 Tuesday Mahalaya amavasya Sep-29 Friday Mahanavami / AyudhaPooja Sep-30 Saturday Vijayadashami Oct – 2 Monday Gandhi Jayanthi

October (24) Oct – 3

BPT 1st Induction Oct-18 Wednesday Narakachaturdasi Oct-20 Friday Balipadyami Nov-01 Wednesday Kannada Rajyothsava

November (25) Nov-02

Observe Kannada Rajyothsava

Nov-06 Monday Kanakadas jayanthi Dec–3&4

PGCON Conference

December(20) Dec 13 to 17

Cultural week – holiday for participants ONLY

Dec-25 Friday Christmas 2018 January, 15 2018 Monday Sankranti

January (22)

January 16-21 Sports week Classes except external classes suspended January last week

Suttur jathra

Jan-26 Friday Republic Day

February Tuesday MahaShivratri February (23)

March 13 to 19

NSS Camp – Participants only March (26) March 29 Thursday Ugadi

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/india/makar_sankranti.php

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/india/india_republic_day.php

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/india/maha_shivarati.php

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/global/good_friday.php


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Cultural events

Date Day Event Program

26-08-17 Saturday Ganesh Chaturthi, Bakrid and Onam Ganesh Pooja, pookalam and Mehendhi. Ethnic day

05-09-17 Tuesday Teacher’s Day Program by students- Talk on Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Lunch for Staff

08-09-17 Friday World Physiotherapy Day Camp-“ Physical activity for life- Healthy aging”

28-09-17 Thursday Ayudha pooja Ayudha Pooja at college and hospital

21-10-17 or 28-10-17

Saturday Diwali Diya decoration

01-11-17 Wednesday Kannada Rajyotsava Combined celebration with sister institutions

Mar-31 Thursday Last date for submission of Synopsis to RGUHS April 5 Thursday Ram Navami

April (23) Apr-14 Saturday DrAmbedkarJayanti

Friday Good Friday

April 19 Thursday MahavirJayanti

May 1 Tuesday May Day

May(26) JUNE,2018

JUNE June(26)

July 22 Saturday Graduation day Aug-15 Independence day August (26)

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/india/ugadi.php

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/india/ambedkar_jayanti.php

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/india/mahavir_jayanti.php

http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/global/labour_day.php


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03-11-17 Sunday IDPD PGCON-3

04-12-17 Monday Utthari festival Dance program

13 to 16-12-17 Wednesday to Saturday

Cultural week Cultural competitions

1-1-18 Monday Christmas and new year celebration Crib making and potluck lunch

22 to 25-1-18 Monday to Thursday

Republic day Intercollege- Quiz, debate and essay writing competition

03-03-18 Saturday Holi Holi celebration

08-03-18 Thursday Women’s day Awareness program on women’s health

05-05-18 Saturday College day Cultural program

Library calendar Month Activity October Library Induction (Fresher) October Helinet workshop December Power Point Computer Skill March Mendeley & SPSS software June How to search Journal Research – calendar Date Activities


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7/11/2017 BPT 4th Year Project title selection

5,6 /12/2017 BPT 4th Year Project protocol presentation to IRB

5,6/ 03/2018 BPT 4th Year Project Progress presentation

16/07/2018 BPT 4th Year Project submission

30/10/2017 MPT 1 selection of topic for thesis

13/11/2017 MPT 1Submission of Literature review

20/11/2017 MPT 1Title finalization

4,5/12/2017 MPT 1Protocol presentation to IRB

3rd week Dec/2017 MPT 1Submission to ethical committee

30/12/2017 MPT 1Procedure standardization

31/03/2018 MPT 1 Last date for submission of Synopsis to RGUHS. 9/10/2017 MPT 2 Thesis progress presentation 31/10/2017 MPT 2 Completion of data collection 20/11/2017 MPT2 Thesis Completion data analysis 18/12/2017 MPT 2 Thesis Draft submission 30/05 2018 Last date to submit MPT 2 Thesis to RGUHS 28,29 /12 /2017 Final presentation 30 / 09/ 2017 Bi Annual report of Research activities 30/03/ 2018 Bi Annual report of Research activities


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RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES SPORTS CALENDER 2017-18 EVENT Organizing team Dates Zone Kabbadi(Men) Kempegowda Institute of medical

Sciences, Bangalore September 1st to 2nd Bangalore Zone

Table Tennis (Men & Women)

Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Medical college , Bangalore

September 8th and 9th Bangalore Zone

Volley Ball (Men & Women)

Dayanandsagar college of Dental sciences , Bangalore

September 20th and 21st Bangalore Zone

Kabbadi (Men)

Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan

September 6th and 7th Mysore Zone

Table Tennis (Men & Women)

Fr. Muller’s Medical college , Mangalore September 20th and 21st Mysore Zone

Volley ball (Men & Women)

A J Institute of Medical sciences, Mangalore

September 29th and 30th Mysore Zone

Throw ball (Men & Women)

Fr. Muller’s Medical college ,Mangalore October 10th & 11th Mysore Zone

Tennikoit (Men & Women)

Fr. Muller’s Medical college ,Mangalore October 10th & 11th Mysore Zone

Basket ball (Men) J J M Medical college, Davangere October 10th to 12th InterZonal Selection Badminton Men SDM college of Dental Sciences,Dharwad October 23rd to 25th InterZonal Selection Cricket (MEN) Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences,

Mandya November 14th to 17th InterZonal Selection

Football (Men) Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya

November 28th to 30th InterZonal Selection

Athletic (Men & Women) Alvas E F, MOODBODRI, November 2nd week InterZonal Selection Kho Kho (Men & Women) BNM Rural ayurvedic college, Bijapur November 8th & 9th InterZonal Selection Ball Badminton (men & CODS Davanagere November 2nd & 3rd InterZonal Selection


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Women) Wrestling TMAES, Badravathi December 3rd & 4th InterZonal Selection

Throwball & Tennikoit (Men & Women)

SDMCDS, Darwad January 18th to 20th 2017 InterZonal Selection

Sports week JSS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY January 2018

Table Tennis (men & Women

JSSCPT February 2018 Monthly

Chess (Men % Women) JSSCPT March 2018 Monthly

Cricket (men) JSSCPT April 2018 Monthly

RGUHS STATE LEVEL SPORTS & GAMES 2017-18 S.N EVENT Name of the Organizing College Dates of Tournament

1 Cricket (M) MIMS, Mandya January 2018

2 Basketball (M & W) JJMMC, Davangere February 2018

3 Shuttle badminton (M&F) BCDS, Davangere March 2018

4 Chess (M&W) BMC&H,Chitradurga January 2018

5 Football(M) MIMS, Mandya February 2018


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6 Kabaddi (M) SDMBNYS, Ujire March 2018

7 Table tennis (M&F) SDMCDS, Dharwad January 2018

8 Volleyball (M&F) TMAES, Badravathi February 2018

9 Throw ball (M&F) SDMCDS, Dharwad March 2018

10 Kho Kho (M&F) MMC & RI, Mysore January 2018

11 Shuttle badminton (M&F) & Staff CODS, Davangere February 2018

NSS Calendar Month Activities October 2017 Enrolment of new members BPT & MPT November 2017 Meet with college principal and staff to assign the theme of regular camp and place for special camp November 2017 Regular Camp-I January 2018 Regular camp-II February 2018 Special camp –one week Academic Presentations calendar for 2017-2018 Date Topic 07/10/2017 Lever system and its application in physiotherapy

21/10/2017 Nerve conduction

04/11/2017 Proprioception


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18/11/2017 Balance

16/12/2017 Pain

30/12/2017 Muscle strength

06/01/2018 Reflexes

20/01/2018 Posture

03/02/2018 Obesity

17/02/2018 Peripheral venous disease

03/03/2018 Gait

17/03/2018 Cerebral palsy

31/03/2018 Aging

07/04/2018 Peripheral arterial disease

21/04/2018 Patella femoral dysfunction

05/05/2018 Components of fitness

19/05/2018 Plyometric

02/06/2018 Anterior cruciate ligament

16/06/2018 Edema

30/06/2018 Ischemic heart disease


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07/07/2018 Shoulder dysfunction

21/07/2018 Upper cross and lower cross

04/08/2018 Pelvic floor muscle

18/08/2018 Respiration

Academic celebration week – March 3rd week


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TIME TABLE- SECOND YEAR B.P.T Note: 1st Saturday afternoon will be remedial classes, and Third Saturday afternoon will be for academic activities. Regulars will do self study of pre determined topics, advanced learners will do advance works. Constitution of India will be done as one or two day seminar - guest faculty from law college. Staff in charge – Exercise therapy - Jakson, Kavya, Alagarasan, Nityal Electrotherapy - Sharvani, Prashanth, Vijay, Nagina Problem based learning -kavya and sandeep INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS All assignments must follow the following format Title should be underlined and written in capitals Name of the student Introduction Body Summary Take home message References in Vancouver referencing style Seminars – Seminars must be in PowerPoint format Must have the following slides Title of topic with name of presenters Objective or aim of the presentation Body of presentation Summary and references Ending slide should contain thank you Video or pictures where necessary


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Font of all the main heading should be Arial, times new roman, or Calibri – font size 38 Text should be font size 32, font style should be uniform throughout, bold or italicised important points Background must be professional, avoid too much animation Avoid PLAGIARISM in all assignment and seminars Self-Study Be present in library at the appointed class time. Give attendance to librarian. Read the allotted topic from multiple references book and digital sources (ask your subject supervisor).

II YEAR B.P.T

SUBJECT: THERAPEUTICS

SCHEME OF CURRICULUM DELIVERY 2018 – 2019


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MODE OF DELIVERY

Didactic 34%

directed independent

learning 8%

practical54%

PBL4%

Mode of Delivery : Total 240 hrs


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Method of assessment Didactic: Written exams, quiz , IA exams Directed independent learning: Assignments Practical: IA Practical exam, Practical manual completion PBL: Group discussion, Seminars

Objectives of the subject At the end of the second year the students will be able to Apply basic principles of physics to exercise therapy in human body. To incorporate biomechanical principles in to exercise therapy. Apply the techniques in the restoration of physical functions. Apply anatomy, physiology and biochemistry knowledge to plan and execute exercise regimens


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Table of contents Sl No Topics

10. Prescribed RGUHS syllabus 11. List of recommended text books 12. Objectives of modules 13. Module I 14. Module II 15. Module III 16. Module IV (A) PNF 17. Module IV (B) Suspension therapy 18. Module IV (C) Functional re-education 19. Module IV (D) Stretching 20. Module IV (E) Manual therapy, mobilization & manipulation 21. Module IV (F) Balance 22. Module IV (G) Co-ordination 23. Module IV (H) Posture 24. Module IV (I) Massage 25. Module IV (J) Hydrotherapy 26. Module IV (K) Group & individual exercises 27. Module IV (L) Miscellaneous 28. Sample questions


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29. List of assignments Prescribed syllabus, RGUHS Theory 1. Introduction to Exercise Therapy [3 Hours] The aims of Exercise Therapy, The techniques of Exercise Therapy, Approach to patient’s problems, Assessment of patient’s condition – Measurements of Vital parameters, Starting Positions – Fundamental positions & derived Positions, Planning of Treatment 2. Methods of Testing [15 Hours] a) Functional tests b) Measurement of Joint range: ROM-Definition, Normal ROM for all peripheral joints & spine, Goniometer-parts, types, principles, uses., Limitations of goniometry, Techniques for measurement of ROM for all peripheral joints- revision c) Tests for neuromuscular efficiency Manual Muscle Testing: Introduction to MMT, Principles & Aims, Indications & Limitations, Techniques of MMT for group & individual muscles : Techniques of MMT for upper limb / Techniques of MMT for lower limb / Techniques of MMT for spine Anthropometric Measurements: Muscle girth – biceps, triceps, forearm, quadriceps, calf Static power Test Dynamic power Test Endurance test Speed test Measurement of Limb Length: true limb length, apparent limb length, segmental limb length. Measurement of the angle of Pelvic Inclination. d) Tests for Co-ordination 3. Relaxation [4 Hours] Definitions: Muscle Tone, Postural tone, Voluntary Movement, Degrees of relaxation, Pathological tension in muscle, Stress mechanics, types of stresses, Effects of stress on the body mechanism, Indications of relaxation, Methods & techniques of relaxation-Principles & uses: General, Local, Jacobson’s, Mitchel’s, additional methods. 4. Passive Movements [ 4 Hours] Causes of immobility, Classification of Passive movements, Specific definitions related to passive movements,


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Principles of giving passive movements, Indications, contraindications, effects of uses , Techniques of giving passive movements. 5. Active Movements [ 6 hours] Definition of strength, power & work, endurance, muscle actions. Physiology of muscle performance: structure of skeletal muscle, chemical & mechanical events during contraction &relaxation, muscle fiber type, motor unit, force gradation. Causes of decreased muscle performance Physiologic adaptation to training: Strength & Power, Endurance. Types of active movements Free exercise: Classification, principles, techniques, indications, contraindications, effects and uses Active Assisted Exercise: principles, techniques, indications, contraindications, effects and uses Assisted-Resisted Exercise: principles, techniques, indications, contraindications, effects and uses Resisted Exercise: Definition, principles, indications, contraindications, precautions & techniques, effects and uses Types of resisted exercises: Manual and Mechanical resistance exercise, Isometric exercise, Dynamic exercise: Concentric and Eccentric, Dynamic exercise: Constant versus variable resistance, Isokinetic exercise, Open-Chain and Closed-Chain exercise. 6. Specific exercise regimens Isotonic: de Lormes, Oxford, MacQueen, Circiut weight training Isometric: BRIME (Brief Resisted Isometric Exercise), Multiple Angle Isometrics Isokinetic regimens 7. Physiology of muscle performance: [2 hours] Structure of skeletal muscle, chemical & mechanical events during contraction &relaxation, muscle fibre type, motor unit, force gradation. Causes of decreased muscle performance Physiologic adaptation to training: Strength & Power, Endurance. 8. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation [6 Hours] Definitions & goals Basic neurophysiologic principles of PNF: Muscular activity, Diagonals patterns of movement: upper limb, lower limb Procedure: components of PNF Techniques of facilitation Mobility: Contract relax, Hold relax, Rhythmic initiation Strengthening: Slow reversals, repeated contractions, timing for emphasis, rhythmic stabilization Stability: Alternating isometric, rhythmic stabilization Skill: timing for emphasis, resisted progression Endurance: slow reversals, agonist reversal 9. Suspension Therapy [6 Hours] Definition, principles, equipments & accessories, Indications & contraindications, Benefits of suspension therapy Types of suspension therapy: axial, vertical, pendular Techniques of suspension therapy for upper limb Techniques of suspension therapy for lower limb 10. Functional Re-education [4 hours] Lying to sitting: Activities on the Mat/Bed, Movement and stability at floor level; Sitting activities and gait; Lowerlimb and Upperlimb activities.


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11. Aerobic Exercise [4 Hours] Definition and key terms; Physiological response to aerobic exercise, Examination and evaluation of aerobic capacity – Exercise Testing, Determinants of an Exercise Program, The Exercise Program, Normal and abnormal response to acute aerobic exercise, Physiological changes that occur with training, Application of Principles of an Aerobic conditioning program for patients – types and phases of aerobic training. 12. Stretching [3 Hours] Definition of terms related to stretching; Tissue response towards immobilization and elongation, Determinants of stretching exercise, Effects of stretching, Inhibition and relaxation procedures, Precautions and contraindications of stretching, Techniques of stretching. 13. Manual Therapy & Peripheral Joint Mobilization [5 Hours] Schools of Manual Therapy, Principles, Grades, Indications and Contraindications, Effects and Uses – Maitland, Kaltenborn, Mulligan Biomechanical basis for mobilization, Effects of joint mobilisation, Indications and contraindications, Grades of mobilization, Principles of mobilization, Techniques of mobilization for upper limb, lower limb, Precautions. 14. Balance [ 4 Hours] Physiology of balance: contributions of sensory systems, processing sensory information, generating motor output Components of balance (sensory, musculoskeletal, biomechanical) Causes of impaired balance, Examination & evaluation of impaired balance, Activities for treating impaired balance: mode, posture, movement, Precautions & contraindications, Types Balance retraining 15. Co-ordination Exercise [ 4 Hours] Anatomy & Physiology of cerebellum with its pathways Definitions: Co-ordination, Inco-ordination Causes for Inco-ordination, Test for co-ordination: equilibrium test, non equilibrium test Principles of co-ordination exercise Frenkel’s Exercise: uses of Frenkel’s exercise, technique of Frenkel’s exercise, progression, home exercise. 16. Posture [3 Hours] Definition, Active and Inactive Postures, Postural Mechanism, Patterns of Posture, Principles of re-education: corrective methods and techniques, Patient education. 15. Walking Aids [3 hours] Walking aids Revision. Application : Pre crutch Training and crutch gaits. 16. Massage [ 4 Hours] History and Classification of Massage Technique Principles, Indications and Contraindications Technique of Massage Manipulations Physiological and Therapeutic Uses of Specific Manipulations 17. Hydrotherapy [ 3 Hours] Definitions, Goals and Indications, Precautions and Contraindications, Properties of water, Use of special equipments, techniques, Effects and uses, merits and demerits


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18. Individual and Group Exercises [ 3 Hours] Advantages and Disadvantages, Organisation of Group exercises, Recreational Activities and Sports 19. Introduction to Yoga [ 5 Hours] Asanas – Principles and elements; Pranayamas – Principles, Methods and Techniques List of recommended textbooks Sl No Name of textbook

30. Therapeutic exercise by Carolyn Kisner, 6th edition.

31. Therapeutic exercise- by-Carrie Hall, LorriThenn Brody, 3rd edition.

32. Dena Gardiner - Principles to exercise therapy, 4th edition.

33. Margret Hollis-practical exercise therapy, 4tg edition.

34. Text book on relaxation –by Rosemary, 1st edition.

35. Yoga and rehabilitation by Neelima Patel, 1st edition.

36. Yogic exercises By Dutta Ray, 1st edition.

37. Therapeutic exercise for musculoskeletal injuries- Peggy A. Houglum, 2nd edition.

38. Principles of Assessment and Outcome Measurement for Occupational Therapists and Physiotherapists - Alison J. Laver Fawcett.

39. Muscle testing and function- Florence Peterson Kendall, 2nd edition.

40. Therapeutic exercises – Michael Higgins Therapeutic exercise treatment & planning Frances.E.Huber, Chris.L.Wells.

41. Daniel’s &Worthingham’s muscle testing, 7th eidtion.


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42. Exercise therapy- John Gormley& Hussey.

43. Facilitated stretching Robert E Mc Atee/ Jeff Charland, 2nd edition.

44. Therapeutic massage- Elizabeth Holey, 1st edition.

45. Massage for therapists 2ndedition Margaret Hollis.

46. Water exercise Martha White.

OBJECTIVES OF MODULES MODULE I- Basics of exercise therapy Objectives – The student will be able to discuss the indication and precautions for performing exercises, position of choice, types of muscle work and specific exercises and the use of mechanical aids to aid in movement and their indications and precautions. Moreover, the student would be able to identify terminology associated with positions muscle work and specific exercises MODULE II- Tests and measures Objectives – The student will be able to perform basic tests and measures in standard manner and be able to discuss the properties of measurement, threats to internal validity and measures to control such threats MODULE III- Exercise Physiology Objectives – The student will be able to discuss and articulate exercise physiology principles including training adaptations, principles of strength and endurance training, principles of aerobic training. He / she will also will able to discuss physiology of human movement (balance, posture, mobility and coordination)


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Module I – Basics of Exercise Therapy

Basics Of Exercise Therapy Exercise –Tests and Measurements Exercise Physiology

Introduction to Exercise Therapy, starting positions ;Type of exercises and muscle work and recognition to constraints of movement

Tests & Measures

Aerobics Exercise Active Exercise

LEARNING OBJECTIVES The student will be able to identify positions that the body adopts as fundamental and derived positions They will be able to choose the appropriate position for a specific movement They will be able to identify the muscle work constraints of movement in those positions

The student will be able to perform basic tests and measures in standard manner and be able to discuss the properties of measurement, threats to internal validity and measures to control such threats

By the end of this class the students will be able to articulate the physiology of skeletal muscles and their role in aerobic exercise

The portions are classified into must know, coded- Good to know, which is coded – and desirable to know, which is coded- SAMPLE QUESTIONS


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What are the passive movements? Classify and mention the principles? Explain the standing positions and muscle work from kneeling to standing? Describe and types of walking aids? Mention the muscles involved for gait training using walking aids Mention the various methods crutch measurements are taken. Describe the gait training patterns with crutches and frames. Describe the various stages involved for progression with walking aids. Describe Jacobson’s relaxations techniques? Describe the importance of yoga. How can we utilise the essence of yoga in physiotherapy. Mention 2 asanas for general body relaxation. What is pranayama? Mention the different stages of prananyama. What is anuloam&viloum?Describe ideal muscle work? Describe Mitchell’s relaxation techniques? What are different crutch gaits? Explain the technique and uses of any two in detail. MODULE I ASSIGNMENT Sl No Assignment Topic 1 Importance of different types of passive movements with principles, effects and indications in exercise

therapy. 2 Different fundamental and derived positions with its applications in exercise therapy. 3 Importance of Yoga in physiotherapy practice. 4 Parts of walking aids, principles of prescription & different types of gaits in walking aids. MODULE II: TESTS AND MEASURES Tests and measures are divided into three categories Introduction to tests and measurements. Vitals Length measurements Sensory mapping & Arousal, attention, orientation &cognition


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Angular measurements Performance measurements Functional measurements Autonomic Nervous system testing.

Unit No

Topics covered

Learning objective-At the end of the lecturer students will be able to

Recommended books

Reference books Duration Practical preparation-students have to come prepared with

Assignments

Unit 1

Introduction to Tests & Measurements

*Need for test and measurement *List the various instrument, test and Measurement&properties. *Purpose of measurement, testing & Evaluation.

Measurement & Evaluation in Human Performance-JAMES .R.MORROW ,page no 2-13

Therapeutic exercise –Carolyn Kisner Measurement of joint motion- Cynthia C Norkin

Th p Demonstrate and practice minimum twice individually under supervision of M.P.T student or staff

Unit 2

Vitals *BP *PR *RR *Temperature *BMI

Describe the physiology, need of evaluation & procedure for measurement

Physical Rehabilitation O’Sullivan,chapter 3 page no :109-116 page no:94-97 page no 103-108 page no 83-92 Exercise Physiology –Katch&Katch (2nd edition)page no:518,519

Demonstrate vitals like PR,RR,BP, Temp with proper positioning, measurement, reading and recording. Demonstrate and calculate BMI, skin fold with proper technique The student should record the values in practical record book and signed from the concerned staff.

Unit 3

Anthropometric

Describe about Anthropometry&

Demonstrate various


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measurement or Linear measurements *limb length *chest expansion

components. List the various methods for anthropometry measurement *skin fold, *stadiometer, *weighting *scale calliper *girth measurements Describe about limb length Discrepancy. need for measurements of limb length and methods for measuring limb Length. Describe about the chest expansion, methods of measuring chest expansion

Exercise therapy- JohnPractical annual page Gormley&no 21, 39.40 Hussey-pg 88 ,89,90 Principles of exercise therapy Dena Gardiner pg 28-31 Cardio pulmonary physical therapy-Hillegass & Sadowsky (2nd edition)631-635

Physiological Assessment of Human Fittnes-Peter J Maud Carl Foster 174-185

method of anthropometric Measurements, limb length measurements. The student should record the limb length,chest measurement in tabular column of thepractical record book and signed from concerned staff.

Unit 4

Sensory mapping & Arousal, attention, orientation &cognition

Describe about sensory distribution of myotome and dermatome levels

Physical Rehabilitation O’Sullivan, Page no: 123-126. Page no:127-132

The student should mark the Myotome and dermatome level in body chart of thepractical record book and signed from


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concerned staff.

Unit 5

Angular measurements *Goniometry *Inclinometry

Describe ROM, active &passive ROM, types of Goniometer, parts, properties & uses.Describe various axis, plane of motion, muscles .Apply Proper technique positioning of subject,therapist & instrument, its application, measurement recording

Measurement of joint motion – Cynthia C Norkin- entire book to be Referred. Therapeutic exercises –Michael Higgin Pg 57-60 Therapeutic exercise treatment & planning Frances.E.Huber

Occupational therapy for physical Dysfunction (4th edition) Catherine A trombly,page no:73-106 Chris.L.Wells-pg 68 – pg 74 Practical manual page no 8-9

Demonstrate ROM for all the joints; UL, LL and spine, with proper positioning, measurement, Reading and recording. The student should record the ROM for all joints in tabular column of thepractical record book and signed from concerned staff.

Unit 6

Performance measurements *Flexibility *Strength –MMT(Manual muscle testing)

Describe the types of performance measurements. Methods of measuring the flexibility Describe about the strength and manual muscle testing.Interpret the grade of various muscle, Describe the

Manual of Sports Medicine –Marc.R.Safran&Dougali Page no:84-88 Daniel’s &Worthingham ’s muscle testing (Hislop)

Practical manual page no 10-20

Demonstrate various muscle and group of muscles forevaluations, testingaccording to MRC grades and record it. Apply Proper technique including positioning of subject and therapist, testing according to grades -readings


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*Endurance *Power Aerobic Anaerobic sprinting *Agility

grade of muscle testing according to MRC, Worthingham and Kendall standard measures along with adequate Explanation for each. Asses endurance level for different activity ,prescribe endurance training Describe about Aerobic power, Anaerobic power, power training programme, assessment and prescription of training programme. Describe agility, asses and prescribe training programme for agility

Muscle testing and function- Florence Peterson Kendall Therapeutic exercise –Carolyn Kisner ,page no-87,232,891 Physiology of sports & exercise –Jack H Wilmore (4th edition)pg no:190-197,223-245,393 Exercise Physiology –Katch&Katch (2nd edition)

Physiological Assessment of Human Fittnes-Peter J Maud Carl Foster 115-133 Physiology of sports & exercise –Jack H Wilmore , pg no39,222,285,286 Exercise Physiology –Katch&Katch (2nd edition) Pg no:181-195

and recording The student should grade & record the MMT ,flexibility , endurance, power, agility for all muscles in tabular columns of the practical record book and signed from theconcerned staff Evaluation, assessment and calculation of aerobic capacity, static and Dynamic power test, power performance should be done and recorded in tabular column. Should evaluate and able to prescribe training programme for different activity and record it.


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Pg no:311-312,376

Unit 7

Functional measurements *FIM *Energy expenditure index *Gait Evaluation *Posture *Co-ordination

Describe the uses of FIM, test to measure ,principles Should know about MET value, test to measure EE. Describe about various types of gait, Assessment of gait Describe about posture, its types Significance of good posture and its assessment. Evaluation of posture in all planes. Describe about co ordination& inco-ordination; List various methods to evaluation . Describe & Demonstrate Frenkel’sexercise Method of testing, different lung volumes, difference

FIM Manual (standardized test ) Sports and exercise Science chapter-energy balance pg no:150-160 Physical Rehabilitation O’Sullivan. Physical Rehabilitation O’Sullivan. Physical Rehabilitation O’Sullivan.

Sports Medicine –chart pg no:146 Therapeutic exercise for musculoskeletal injuries- Peggy A.Houglum- Pg 326- 336 Therapeutic exercise for musculoskeletalinjuries- PeggyA.Houglum- Pg 264, 266

Asses and score the Functional activity of daily living .should knows the score in different conditions. Asses & examine gait, posture, anatomical markers of good posture &biomechanics. List various methods of assessing posture, document and correlate observed structural asymmetry with functional asymmetry. List various types of co-ordinated and in coordination exercise and practice the procedure. Student should note down reading & methods in practical record & signed from concerned staff


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*PFT *RPE

between normal and abnormal graph. Assessment of subjective Excertion during physical activity

Cardio pulmonary P.T-Hillegass & Sadowsky, pg no:432-439 Physical Rehabilitation O’Sullivan.

Therapeutic exercise Frances E Huber, Pages177-196 Manual Sports Medicine –Douglas 74

Demonstrate and record the graph of different functional volumes Demonstrate and evaluate level of RPE in different activity and record it.

Unit 7

Autonomic Nervous System testing

Merits Neurology(12th edition ) Pg no:93-96

Adams & Victors principle of neurology, Page no:505-535

Mandatory outfit for practical Boys- shorts & sleeveless t-shirts Girls-3/4 shorts, half/sleeveless t-shirts. SAMPLE QUESTIONS Name different instruments used for testing and measuring joints and muscles. Add a note on their properties? Define goniometry. Mention parts of Goniometer.What is the importance of using Goniometry?


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Describe thegrade of muscletesting accordingto MRC? Mention different methods of anthropometry.What is limb length discrepancy? How do you calculate BMI? Calculate the BMI for at least 4 female and 4 male individuals within the age group of 18 to 24 years. What is an anthropometric measurement? Mention the various sites in the body for anthropometric assessment. What is MMT? List the various methods of assessing muscle strength? Principles of MMT? Explain merits and demerits of MMT? Mention the common errors that are possible while measuring ROM. Mention the two different methods of measuring ROM. What are the principles and aims of MMT? Enumerate MMT for shoulder flexors and elbow extensors? Enumerate MMT for hip abductors and extensors? What is inclinometer? Explain ROM for spine? LIST OF ASSIGNMENTS MODULE II Sl No

Assignment Topic

1 Mention different axes and planes of goniometry measurement for shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle with propertechnique, principles and recording

2 Principles and methods of grading MMT for – Biceps, triceps, deltoid, quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius-soleus 3 Apparent and true limb length measurement. Limb length discrepancy, girth measurement 4 Measurement principles of skin fold caliper and stadiometer; BMI calculation for males and females


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MODULE III: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY Unit No

Topics covered Learning objective-At the end of the lecturer students will be able to

Recommended books Reference books

Duration ThPrct

Practical preparation-students have to come prepared with

Assignments

Unit 1 A) B) C)

Physiology of muscle performance Structure of skeletal muscle Chemical and mechanical events Types of muscle fibre

Text book of medical physiology. 8th edition. A.C. Guyton (67-68) Text book of medical physiology. 8th edition. A.C. Guyton (68-73). Text book of medical physiology. 8th edition. A.C. Guyton (74-76)

Physiology of sports and exercise. 4th edition. Jack Wilmore. (24-45) Physiology of sports and exercise. 4th edition. Jack Wilmore. (35)

T p ____________ seminars


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D) E) F) G)

Motor unit Force gradiation Forces for decreased muscle performance Physiological

Text book of medical physiology. 8th edition. A.C. Guyton (76) Text book of medical physiology. 8th edition. A.C. Guyton. (74) Physiology of sports and exercise. 4th edition. Jack Wilmore. (202-250). Therapeutic exercise from theory to practical -Carolyn Kisner ,page no-149

Exercise Physiology –Katch&Katch2nd edition. (308)


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H)

adaptations Strength ,power and endurance

Unit 2 A) B)

Aerobic Exercise Field method Lab method

Describe about aerobic exercises and its physiological effects. Demonstrate how to perform field test to assess aerobic capacity of individual person. Describe and define

Exercise Physiology McArdleKatch&Katch

ACSM- guidelines Practical manual page no 30-31

Demonstrates competency inmotor skills and movementpatterns needed to perform avariety of physical activities. Demonstrate the ability to use competency in various methods of aerobic conditioning and weighttraining, and proficiency in at least one methodof aerobic conditioning. Demonstrate exercise testing, various methods of exercise training and exercise


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principles of weight training: overload, Progression, specificity, aerobic, and anaerobic. Describe &distinguish among circuit weight training, high intense Weight training, multi set weight training. Demonstrate competency in the ability to compute target heart rate. Demonstrate proficiency in at least

prescription for individual.


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one aerobic exercise methods

SAMPLE QUESTIONS Methods of aerobics training? What are its advantages and disadvantages? Definition and classification of active exercises? Physiological responses to aerobics exercises? What is resistance exercises ? Enumerate the principles of resistance training. What is plyometrics? Mention the various plyometric regimes 1RM? How to test 10 RM? What is PRE? What is Delorm’s technique? BRIME principles? SAID principles? LIST OF ASSIGNMENT MODULE III Sl No Assignment Topic 1 Assessment of aerobic capacity in healthy persons. 2 Principles of weight training 3 Practical demonstrate 1RM, 5 RM and 10RM on 5 male and 5 female individuals

with the same age group 18 to 24 years. 4 Explain various method of exercise testing in COPD patients. Explain in detail about Mc Queensland principles


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MODULE IV: INTERVENTION TECHNIQUES Unit No

Topics covered Learning objective-At the end of the lecturer students will be able to

Recommended books

Reference books Duration ThPrct

Practical preparation-students have to come prepared with

Assignments

1. Relaxation

Demonstrate various relaxation techniques.

Principles of exercise therapy. Dena gardener (62-68)

Practical exercise therapy. Margaret Hollis (58-62)

2.

Strengthening techniques a)Free exercise b)Active assisted exercise c)Types of resisted exercise d)Specificexercise regimens

Describe and demonstrate various types of strengthening exercise with and without mechanical aids.

Demonstrate and practice minimum twice individually under supervision of M.P.T student or staff


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e)Core strengthening f)Exercise appliances/ mechanical aids g)Exercise for balance h)Functional training

3.

Manual therapy & peripheral joint mobilization I )passive manual mobilization ii)Soft tissue mobilization iii)passive mechanical mobilization iv)active manual mobilization{free exercise, pendular

Describe about manual therapy, different schools of manual therapy, its principles , grades, indication contraindication effect and uses. Describe and demonstrate mobilization and various school of manual therapy with proper

Therapeutic exercise- Carolyn Kisner- pg 120- pg 155. Peripheral Manipulation- GD Maitlandpg 9, 20,47,129-221- 297

Therapeutic exercise for musculoskeletal injuries- Peggy A.Houglumpg- 154 –pg 196 Practical manual page no 22-23

Demonstrate and practice minimum twice individually under supervision of M.P.T student or staff Demonstrate the various methods and school of manual therapy with proper implication of


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exercise, functional activities, Swiss ball}

implication of techniques and grades with clinical implication.

technique position and grades Advisable outfit for practical Boys- shorts & sleeveless t shirts Girls-3/4 shorts, half/ sleeveless t- shirts Demonstrate proper evaluation and implication of various grades for various conditions in clinical practice.

4.

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

Demonstrate various techniques in PNF

PNFin practice. An illustrated guide. 2nd

Therapeutic exercise technique for intervention.


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edition. Susan S. Adler. Practical exercise therapy. Margaret Hollis. (202-247).

William D Bandy. (145-178). Therapeutic exercise moving towards function. Carrie M Hall. (309-329)

5.

Suspension Practical exercise therapy. Margaret Hollis. (96-108)

Text book of therapeutic exercises. S. Lakshmi narayanan. (195-204)

6.

Functional re-education

Text book of therapeutic exercises. S. Lakshmi narayanan. (182-194)

Susan O’ Sullivan. (523-560)

7.

Massage Practical exercise therapy. Margret Hollis Massage therapy.

Therapeutic massage. Elizabeth Holey. Principles and practices of therapeutic


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Richard Jackson.

massage. Akhoury gowrang Sinha.

8.

Hydrotherapy Therapeutic exercise foundation and techniques. Carolyn Kisner. ( Therapeutic exercise moving towards function. Carrie M Hall (330-348)

Therapeutic exercise technique for intervention. William D Bandy (295-332) Therapeutic exercise from to practical. Michael Higgins. (251-272)

9.

Individual and group exercise

Principles of exercise therapy. Dena gardener. (263-267)

Practical exercise therapy. Margret Hollis. (165-177)

10.

yoga Yoga and rehabilitation. Nilimapatel.

Yogic exercises physiologic and psychic process. S. Dutta ray.


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SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Biomechanical basis of mobilization. Explain the principles and techniques of mobilization. Principles and types of suspension therapy. Explain technique for shoulder internal and external rotation. What is massage? Classify and explain different techniques of massage. Physiological and therapeutic effects of massage. Progression of Frenkel’s exercises from sitting to walking. Exercise programme to strengthen hamstrings from grade 1 to 5. What are gait deviations? Discuss any 3. Grades, indications, contra indications, effects and uses of mobilization. Exercise programme to strengthen quadriceps from grade 1 to 5. FITT principle. What is the difference between tightness and contracture? Mention the principles and techniques for stretching. Mention the indications and contraindications for stretching Equilibrium and non equilibrium tests of co ordination. Enumerate the various equipments used for hydrotherapy. Mention the Significance of hydrotherapy for joint pain, how is it beneficial. Principles of balance. Mention the Importance of PNF techniques –slow reversal, rhythmic stabilisation Physiological adaptations to strength training in skeletal muscle. Open and closed chain exercises for quadriceps. What is Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness? List of assignments Sl No. Assignment Topic 1.

Importance of different types of passive movements with principles, effects and indications in exercise therapy.

2.

Different fundamental and derived positions with its applications in exercise therapy.


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3.

Importance of Yoga in physiotherapy practice.

4.

Parts of walking aids, principles of prescription & different types of gaits in walking aids.

5.

Mention different axes and planes of goniometry measurement for shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle with proper technique, principles and recording.

6.

Principles and methods of grading MMT for – Biceps, triceps, deltoid, quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius-soleus

7.

Apparent and true limb length measurement. Limb length discrepancy, girth measurement.

8.

Measurement principles of skin fold caliper and stadiometer; BMI calculation for males and females

9.

Assessment of aerobic capacity in healthy persons.

10.

Principles of weight training

11.

Principles of PNF & techniques for UL & LL with diagonal patterns.

12.

Principles of suspension therapy and types of suspension therapy with its application for shoulder abduction and hip flexion.

Mandatory outfit for practical Boys- shorts & sleeveless T-shirts Girls-3/4 shorts, half/ sleeveless T-shirts.


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II YEAR B.P.T

SUBJECT: ELECTROTHERAPY

SCHEME OF CURRICULUM DELIVERY

2017 - 2018


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MODE OF DELIVERY

Method of assessment Didactic: Written exams, quiz , IA Exams

Didactic39%

Direct independend

learning9%

Practical43%

PBL9%

Mode of Delivery: Total 240 hrs


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Directed independent learning: Assignments Practical: IA Practical exam, Practical manual completion PBL: Group discussion, Seminars

Objectives of the subject At the end of the second year the students will be able to- Identify the best possible electro modalities for given condition. Use the optimum method, dosage for the modality. Be cognizant of safety and guidelines of the modalities. Be able to read and understand current recommendations.


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47. Prescribed RGUHS syllabus 48. List of recommended books 49. Module I 50. Module II 51. Module III 52. Module IV 53. Module V 54. Module VI 55. Module VII 56. Module VIII

ELECTROTHERAPY PRECRIBED R.G.U.H.S SYLLABUS Theory Section I - Introductory Physics. 1. Electricity definition, types [1 Hour] 2. Static electricity [2 Hour] a. Production of electrical charges. b. Characteristics of charged body.


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c. Characteristics of lines of forces. d. Potential difference and EMG. 3. Current Electricity [5 Hour] a. Units of Electricity, faraday, volt, ampere, coulomb, watt. b. Resistance in series and parallel. c. Ohms law and its application to DC/AC. d. Fuse. e. Shock: Micro/ Macro shocks, safety precaution and management, e. Earthing techniques & precautions. f. Burns: electrical & chemical burns, prevention and management. g. Condensors: definition, principles, types construction, working and uses. 4. Magnetism: Definition, properties, electro-magnetic induction, electromagnetic spectrum. [1 Hour] 5. Valves, transformers, types, principles, construction and working. [1 Hour] 6. Ionization: Principles, effects of various technique of medical ionization. [1 Hour] Section II - Therapeutic Electricity Section II A - Low frequency Currents 1. Basic types of current [1 Hour] a. Direct Current: types, physiological &therapeutic effects. b. Alternating Current 2. Types of Current used in Therapeutics [1 Hour] Modified D.C • Faradic Current • Galvanic Current Modified A.C • Sinusoidal Current • Diadynamic Current. 3. Faradic Current: Definition, Modifications, Techniques of Application of Individual, Muscle and Group Muscle stimulation, Physiological & Therapeutic effects of Faradic Current, Precautions, Indications & Contra-Indications, Dangers. [2 Hours] 4. Galvanic Current: Definition, Modifications, Physiological & Therapeutic effects of Galvanic Current, Indications & Contra-Indications, Dangers, Effect of interrupted galvanic current on normally innervated and denervated muscles and partially denervated muscles. [2 Hours] 5. Sinusoidal Current &Diadynamic Current in Brief. [1 Hour] 6. HVPGS – Parameters & its uses [1 Hour] 7. Ionization / Iontophoresis : Techniques of Application of Iontophoresis, Indications, Selection of Current, Commonly used Ions (Drugs) for pain, hyperhydrosis, would healing. [1 Hour]


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8. Cathodal / Anodal galvanism. [1 Hour] 9. Micro Current & Macro Current [1 Hour] 10. Types of Electrical Stimulators [1 Hour] • NMES- Construction component. • Neuro muscular diagnostic stimulator- construction component. • Components and working Principles 11. Principles of Application: Electrode tissue interface, Tissue Impedance, Types of Electrode, Size & Placement of Electrode – Water bath, Unipolar, Bi-polar, Electrode coupling, Current flow in tissues, Lowering of Skin Resistance. [2 Hours] 12. Nerve Muscle Physiology: Action Potential, Resting membrane potential, Propagation of Action Potential, Motor unit, synapse, Accommodation, Stimulation of Healthy Muscle, Stimulation of Denervated Muscle, Stimulation for Tissue Repair. [2 Hours] 13. TENS: Define TENS, Types of TENS, Conventional TENS, Acupuncture TENS, Burst TENS, Brief & Intense TENS, Modulated TENS. Types of Electrodes & Placement of Electrodes, Dosage parameters, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications. [3 Hours] 14. Pain: Define Pain, Theories of Pain (Outline only), Pain Gate Control theory in detail. [2 Hours] Section II B - Electro-diagnosis 1. FG Test 2. SD Curve: Methods of Plotting SD Curve, Apparatus selection, Characters of Normally innervated Muscle, Characters of Partially DenervatedMuscle, Characters of Completely denervated Muscle, Chronaxie&Rheobase. [2 Hours] 3. Nerve conduction velocity studies [1 Hour] 4. EMG: Construction of EMG equipment.[1 Hour] 5. Bio-feedback.[1 Hour] Section II C Medium Frequency 1. Interferential Therapy: Define IFT, Principle of Production of IFT, Static Interference System, Dynamic Interference system, Dosage Parameters for IFT, Electrode placement in IFT, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications. [2 Hour] 2. Russian Current 3. Rebox type Current [1 Hour] Section III – Thermo&Actinotherapy (High Frequency Currents) 1. Electro Magnetic Spectrum. [1 Hour] 2. SWD: Define short wave, Frequency & Wavelength of SWD, Principle of Production of SWD, Circuit diagram & Production of SWD, Methods of Heat Production by SWD treatment, Types of SWD Electrode, Placement & Spacing of Electrodes, Tuning, Testing of SWD Apparatus, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers, Dosage parameters [8 Hours] 3. Pulsed Electro Magnetic Energy: Principles, Production & Parameters of PEME, Uses of PEME. [1 Hour] 4. Micro Wave Diathermy: Define Microwave, Wave length & Frequency, Production of MW, Applicators, Dosage Parameters, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers of MWD. [2 Hours]


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5. Ultrasound: Define Ultrasound, Frequency, Piezzo Electric effects: Direct, Reverse, Production of US, Treatment Dosage parameters: Continuous & Pulsed mode, Intensity, US Fields: Near field, Far field, Half value distance, Attenuation, Coupling Media, Thermal effects, Non thermal effects, Principles & Application of US: Direct contact, Water bag, Water bath, Solid sterile gel pack method for wound. Uses of US, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers of Ultrasound.Phonophoresis: Define Phonophoresis, Methods of application, Commonly used drugs, Uses. Dosages of US. [8 Hours] 6. IRR: Define IRR, wavelength & parameters, Types of IR generators, Production of IR, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Duration & frequency of treatment, Indication & Contraindication. [2 Hours] 7. UVR: Define UVR, Types of UVR, UVR generators: High pressure mercury vapour lamp, Water cooled mercury vapour lamp, Kromayer lamp, Fluorescent tube, Theraktin tunnel, PUVA apparatus. Physiological & Therapeutic effects. Sensitizers& Filters. Test dosage calculation. Calculation of E1, E2, E3, E4 doses. Indications, contraindications. Dangers. Dosages for different therapeutic effects, Distance in UVR lamp [8 Hours] 8. LASER: Define LASER. Types of LASER.Principles of production. Production of LASER by various methods. Methods of application of LASER. Dosage of LASER. Physiological & Therapeutic effects of LASER. Safety precautions of LASER. Classifications of LASER. Energy density & power density [8 Hours] Section IV - Superficial heating Modalities 1. Wax Therapy: Principle of Wax Therapy application – latent Heat, Composition of Wax Bath Therapy unit, Methods of application of Wax, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindication, Dangers. [2 Hours] 2. Contrast Bath: Methods of application, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications.[1 Hour] 3. Moist Heat Therapy: Hydro collator packs – in brief, Methods of applications, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications.[1hour]. 4. Cyclotherm: Principles of production, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications. [1 Hour]. 5. Fluidotherapy: Construction, Method of application, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications. [ 1 Hour] 6. Whirl Pool Bath: Construction, Method of Application, Therapeutic Uses, Indications& Contraindications. [1 Hour] 7. Magnetic Stimulation, Principles, Therapeutic uses, Indications & contraindication. [1 Hour]. 8. Cryotherapy: Define- Cryotherapy, Principle- Latent heat of fusion, Physiological & Therapeutics effects, Techniques of Applications, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers, Methods of application with dosages. [4 Hours] Practicals:-The student of Electrotherapy must be able to demonstrate the use of electrotherapy modalities applying the principles of electrotherapy with proper techniques, choice of dosage parameters and safety precautions. 1. Demonstrate the technique for patient evaluation – receiving the patient and positioning the patient for treatment using electrotherapy. 2. Collection of materials required for treatment using electrotherapy modalities and testing of the apparatus.


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3. Demonstrate placement of electrodes for various electrotherapy modalities 4. Electrical stimulation for the muscles supplied by the peripheral nerves 5. Faradism under Pressure for UL and LL 6. Plotting of SD curve with Chronaxie and Rheobase 7. Demonstrate FG test 8. Application of Ultrasound for different regions-various methods of application 9. Demonstrate treatment techniques using SWD, IRR and Microwave diathermy 10. Demonstrate the technique of UVR exposure for various conditions – calculation of test dose. 11. Demonstrate treatment method using IFT for various regions 12. Calculation of dosage and technique of application of LASER 13. Technique of treatment and application of Hydro collator packs, Cryotherapy, contrast bath, wax therapy 14. Demonstrate the treatment method using whirl pool bath 15. Winding up procedure after any electrotherapy treatment method The syllabus is divided into the following modules and further subdivided into unit plans. Each unit plan of theory is of one hour duration and practical is of two hours duration. Module I- Basics of Physics and Introduction to Electrotherapy. Module II- Low Frequency currents. Module III- Superficial electrotherapy modalities Module IV- Medium Frequency currents. Module V- High Frequency currents. Module VI- Use of electrical modalities for re-education & Electro diagnosis(NCV,EMG) Module VII- Electrotherapy modalities for tissue healing (UST, LASER, UVR); Module VIII- Working of CPM, Traction, treadmill, tilt table, body weight, vibrator, magnetic stimulation& bio feedback. The portions are classified into must know, coded- Good to know, which is coded – and desirable to know, which is coded-


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List of recommended textbooks Sl No Name of textbooks

57. Clayton’s electrotherapy by Angela Foster, 10th edition

58. Principles and practice of electro therapy explained by Low Reed, 2nd edition.

59. Electrotherapy Evidence based practice by Sheila Kitchen, 12th edition

60. Clinical electrotherapy by Roger M. Nelson, 3rd edition.

61. Electrotherapy in rehabilitation by Meryl Roth Gersh, 1st edition.

62. Clinical electrophysiology by Andrew J. Robinson, 3rd edition.

63. Experiments and Demonstrations in Physiotherapy by Stephen E Dicarlo, 4th edition.

64. Electrotherapy simplified- Basant Kumar Nanda, 2nd edition.

65. Basics of electrotherapy- Subhash Khatri, 1st edition.


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66. Principles and practices of electrotherapy, Sayed Ahmed.

67. Therapeutic Physical Modalities, Kamala Shankar.

68. Textbook of electrotherapy, Jagmohan Singh.

69. Physical agents in rehabilitation, M Cameron, 3rd edition.

ELECTROTHERAPY LESSON PLAN MODULE I- Syllabus Basics of Physics &Introduction to electrotherapy Introduction to Physics & Electricity. Types of currents.

Unit TOPIC

Type of instruction

PRE-REQUISITE

LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOME

Prescribed Reference REFERENCE Assessment

Electricity

Students Seminar

Student should be familiar with different forms of energy, basics of matter and structure of an atom

Students should be able to Define and explain the types Relate the flow of electrons to current Explain the static electricity Describe the Production of electrical charges Name the charges and its properties Identify the connection between the type of charge

Electrotherapy Explained, Principles and practice, John Low, Reed 4th ed, pg 535-6,72-87 Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 1-3,

Electrotherapy Evidence based practice – Sheila Kitchen 11th ed Pg 9-11 Applied Electronics , R.S Sedha – pg 19-24

Oral


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on an object and the type of interaction (attraction and repulsion) Explain the potential difference (voltage) and its relationship with EMF

Principles of Electronics V.K Mehta. Pg 1- 4

2.

Static electricity Production of electrical charges. Characteristics of charged body. Characteristics of lines of forces. Potential difference and EMF.

Students Seminar demo

Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 7-12 Electrotherapy Explained, Principles and practice, John Low , Reed 4th ed, pg 39-41

Principles of Electronics V.K Mehta. Pg 4- 6 Applied Electronics , R.S Sedha – pg 8-18

MCQs

Conductors, semiconductors and Insulators (NICE to Know)

Students Seminar

Atoms and how they are placed in a material

Students will be able to - know what are conductors, SC and Insulators - how electrons differ in these components - what are the materials classified under these - differentiate the applications in electrotherapy treatment. - describe the uses in treatment

Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 4-5

Principles of Electronics V.K Mehta. Pg 113 -132 Applied Electronics , R.S Sedha – pg 142- 146

QUIZ


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Current Electricity a. Units of Electricity, faraday, volt, ampere, coulomb, watt.

Students Seminar

Units of Electricity and its parameters

Students will be able to define and correlate all the units of electricity


ORAL question and answers

b. Resistance .

Students Seminar

Electrical Resistance

Students will be able to - Define resistance - Explain the resistance through a conductor - describe the electrical circuit with resistance connected in different routes - explain and diffentiate resistance in series and parallel


Applied Electronics , R.S Sedha – pg 30-31

Assignments

c. Ohms law

Students Seminar

DC and AC Ohms law

Students will able to Define Ohms law Correlate current/voltage and resistance State the application of ohms’ law in treatment with respect to DC /AC

Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 12 Electrotherapy Explained, Principles and practice, John Low , Reed 4th ed, pg 58-59, 214

Applied Electronics , R.S Sedha – pg 35- 37 Electrotherapy in rehabilitation , Meryl Roth Gersh 16- 19 Electrotherapy Evidence based

Assignments


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practice – Sheila Kitchen 11th ed Pg 11-12

d. Fuse.

Didactic Resistance

/current State importance of fuse


Applied Electronics , R.S Sedha – pg 119

MCQs

Earthing

Didactic Electrical

supply Circuit

Students will be able to - understand Earthing techniques - precautions. - importance and uses

Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 41-43,47

Electric Shock:

Didactic

Currents / dangers of electricity

Students will be able to Define Electric shock, Define Micro, Macro currents Classify shock Relate with EMF & Resistance Describe preventive measures Understand assessment and management procedures after shock

Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 50-54. Electrotherapy Explained, Principles and practice, John Low, Reed 4th ed, pg 209 - 218

Electrotherapy in rehabilitation , Meryl Roth Gersh 87-99

Quiz

f. Burns: Didactic

Electrolyte/ Resistance

electrical & chemical burns prevention and management.

Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 63,153,109,160,140,1

Electrotherapy in rehabilitation , Meryl Roth Gersh 183-184 Electrotherapy


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74 Electrotherapy Explained, Principles and practice, John Low , Reed 4th ed, pg 49

Evidence based practice – Sheila Kitchen 11th ed Pg 395, 227, 264, 160, 375-376.

g. Condensers (capacitor):

Students Seminar Insulator,

dielectric

Definition Principles Types construction, working and uses. Student will be able to understand Principle of Capacitor types and working principle uses


Electrotherapy in rehabilitation , Meryl Roth Gersh 4-7 Electrotherapy Evidence based practice – Sheila Kitchen 11th ed Pg 12-13

MCQs

Magnetism:

Students seminar Magnet

Molecular theory of magnetism

Students will be able to Define State the properties Explain the process of production of electricity from magnetism Explain electromagnetic induction


Electrotherapy Evidence based practice – Sheila Kitchen 11th ed Pg 16-20

MCQs

Electro- Magnetic

Terms: Wavelength,

Describe EMS with its properties

Claytons Electro therapy, Angela


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Spectrum Students Seminar

Frequency, reflection and refraction.

Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 22-28 Therapeutic modalities for physical therapist, William A Prentice, 2nd ed, pg 3-13

diagrammatic representation of EMS in Chart

Valves

Students Seminar

Electrons Anode and cathode Semiconductors

Types of valves, its structure and function


Assignments

Transformers

Students Seminar

EMF Earthing Electro magnetism

types, principles, construction and working


Ionization:

Didactic

Electrolytes Electrolysis Cathode and anode

Principles Application Effects of various technique of medical ionization. Iontophoresis

Electrotherapy Explained, Principles and practice, John Low , Reed 4th ed, 193-95,536-537 Claytons Electro therapy, Angela Forster, Nigel 9th ed, pg 85-86

Physical agents in rehabilitaion – from research to Practice . 3rd ed – Michelle H.Camerron, pages 16, 211,223-225

Group presentation on “benefits of ionization in the field of physiotherapy


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Sample Questions Define Electricity. What are the different types of electricity? Name the common types of current used in physiotherapy? What is static electricity? Explain the Characteristics of charged body and the lines of forces? What is potential difference and EMF? What are conductors, semiconductors and insulators, explain its application in electrotherapy treatment? Define faraday, volt, ampere, coulomb and watt Unit? Define Resistance. Correlate resistance with treatment application using low frequency currents? Describe the application of Ohm law in treatment? What is fuse? Explain its application and uses. Explain the Importance of Earthing? Define Electric shock? Describe the preventive measures of electric shock? Guidelines for evaluation of safety of devices (NTK) What are the possible causes of burns in electrotherapy department? Write a note on importance of evaluation and checking apparatus in prevention of burns. Explain the application of capacitor. How does body act as a capacitor to low frequency currents? Describe the electromagnetic spectrum? Which of the therapeutic modalities produce electromagnetic radiation? What is electromagnetic induction? What are the applications of valves in equipment’s? Explain the type of transformers. Uses of transformers? Explain the principle of ionization used in the treatment using DC current? NICE to Know: Topics Reference Physical agents – history and role in

physiotherapy Physical agents in rehabilitaion – from research to Practice . 3rd ed – Michelle H.Camerron

Skin battery Electrotherapy Explained, Principles and practice, John Low , Reed 3rd ed, Pg.14 Guidelines for evaluation of safety

of devices Electrotherapy in rehabilitation , Meryl Roth Gersh , Pg 87-99

Application of ohms law in electrotherapy Electrotherapy in rehabilitation , Meryl Roth Gersh ,Pg. 16- 19 Electrotherapy Evidence based practice – Sheila Kitchen 11th ed, Pg 11-12


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ELECTROTHERAPY LESSON PLAN MODULE II- Syllabus Types of Electrical Stimulators [1 Hour]

• NMES- Construction component. • Neuro muscular diagnostic stimulator- construction component.

• Components and working Principles.

Principles of Application: Electrode tissue interface, Tissue Impedance,

Types of Electrode, Size & Placement of Electrode – Water bath, Unipolar, Bi-polar, Electrode coupling, Current flow in tissues, Lowering of Skin Resistance. [2 Hours]

FG Test

SD Curve: Methods of Plotting SD Curve, Apparatus selection, Characters of Normally innervated Muscle, Characters of Partially Denervated Muscle,

Characters of Completely denervated Muscle, Chronaxie &Rheobase. [2 Hours]

Nerve conduction velocity studies [1 Hour] 4. EMG: Construction of EMG equipment.[1 Hour] 5. Bio-feedback.[1 Hour].


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Unit No

Lesson name

Type of instruction

Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to

Prescribed Reference

Reference

Practical reference

Method of assessment

1

Types of stimulators

Didactic Tp

differentiate different types of ES

Clinical electro physiology - Andrew Robinson Pages 27-50

Assignment

2 NMES component

Didactic Tp

identify different parts of NMES

Clinical electro physiology -Andrew Robinson Pages 51-61

Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy -Stephen Dicarlo Pages 74 to 77

MCQ

3 Principles of application

Practicals identify types of electrodes, size of electrodes


Practical demonstration

4 Positioning of electrodes

Practicals Demonstrate positioning of electrodes Lowering skin resistance



5 Demonstration of Faradic stimulation- motor points

Practicals Identify different motor points for UL & Face

Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 70-78

Practical Manual page no 33



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6 Demonstration of Faradic stimulation- motor points

Practicals Identify different motor points for LL & upper back




7 Demonstration of Galvanic stimulation- motor points

Practicals Identify different motor points for UL & Face




8 Demonstration of Galvanic stimulation- motor points

Practicals Identify different motor points for LL & upper back




9 Faradic stimulation- motor points

Practicals (revision)

Identify different motor points for UL, LL, face and upper back


Practical Manual page no 33-34

Practical revision

10 Galvanic stimulation- motor points





Practical revision

11 Faradic stimulation- motor points





Practical revision

12 Galvanic stimulation- motor points





Practical revision

13 Faradic foot bath

Practicals

Perform faradic foot bath on model


Practical manual page no 19,20



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Sample q Mention di Name dif Describe th Mention What is r Types of

Differentiate different types of curves?

14 Faradism under pressure Practicals Demonstrate FUP for UL & LL Practical manual page no 21


15 types of stimulators

Seminar Clinical electro physiology - Andrew Robinson Pages 27-50

16 Components of NMES Seminar Clinical electro physiology - Andrew Robinson Pages 27-50

17 FG test & SD Curve didactic interpret results of FG test, SD curve and differentiate normal & abnormal curves

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 124-129


Practical manual page no 19,20

Assignment

18 SD Curve practicals perform SD curve, with differentiation of normal and abnormal SD curves


Practical manual page no 40

19 Faradic & Galvanic stimulation Practicals (revision)

Demonstration

20 SD Curve practicals Interpret different types of curves

Demonstration on patients


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MODULE III- Syllabus Superficial heating Modalities 1. Wax Therapy: Principle of Wax Therapy application – latent Heat, Composition of Wax Bath Therapy unit, Methods of application of Wax, Physiologica Hours] 2. Contrast Bath: Methods of application, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications.[1 Hour] 3. Moist Heat Therapy: Hydro collator packs – in brief, Methods of applications, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications.[1hour]. 4. Cyclotherm: Principles of production, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications. [1 Hour]. 5. Fluidotherapy: Construction, Method of application, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications. [ 1 Hour] 6. Whirl Pool Bath: Construction, Method of Application, Therapeutic Uses, Indications& Contraindications. [1 Hour] 7. Magnetic Stimulation, Principles, Therapeutic uses, Indications & contraindication. [1 Hour]. 8. Cryotherapy: Define- Cryotherapy, Principle- Latent heat of fusion, Physiological & Therapeutics effects, Techniques of Applications, Indications & Cont

Unit No

Lesson name Type of instruction



Reference

Practical reference



JSSCPT Page 66

1

Physiological& therapeutic effects of heat

Theory Tp

Explain effects of application of heat on tissues


Assignment

2 Paraffin Wax Bath & Hydro collator packs

Theory Tp

Explain different methods of application of PWB and hydro collator packs

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 209-211,


MCQ


Practicals (demonstration)

Demonstrate different methods of application of PWB and HCP

Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy- Stephen Dicarlo Pages 51, 53, 54.



Practicals (supervised)





JSSCPT Page 67


Practicals (supervisedpractice)





6 Contrast bath

Theory Tp

Explain the principles of application of contrast bath

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Page 212



Cyclotherm & fluidotherapy

Theory Tp

Explain the principles of functioning of Cyclotherm and fluidotherapy

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 215



Whirlpool bath Theory Tp

Explain the principles of functioning of whirlpool bath

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Page 213



Cryotherapy- definition & principles of application

Theory Tp

Explain the principles of application of

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 219-224; 229-


Practical revision


JSSCPT Page 68

cryotherapy 233 Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 199-206

Cryotherapy- effects of application & C/I

Theory Tp

Explain the physiological & therapeutic effects of cryotherapy; identify dangers & contra indications

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 225-229, 233-236 Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy- Stephen Dicarlo Pages 55, 56.


Practical revision

Cryotherapy- methods of applicatioin


Demonstrate methods of application of cryotherapy

Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy- Stephen Dicarlo Pages 55, 56


Practical revision

Cryotherapy- methods of applicatioin


Demonstrate methods of application of cryotherapy

Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy- Stephen Dicarlo Pages 55, 56


Practical revision

Physiological & Revision/ Seminar Explain the

Practical manual



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Sample questions Mention effects of heat on body? Effects and uses of wax bath and hydro collator packs? Methods of application of wax bath and hydro collator packs? Principles of use of cryotherapy? Principles of cyclotherm and fluidotherapy? Effects and contra indications of cryotherapy? Methods of application of cryotherapy? Explain the different methods of cold applications? Add a note on its precautions? What are the indications of whirlpool therapy? What is contrast bath? Mention any two uses of hot collateral packs? What is cyclotherm? What are the benefits of fluidotherapy? What are the different Methods of wax applications in post traumatic stiffness and its benefits? LIST OF ASSIGNMENT MODULE III

SR. NO. ASSIGNMENT TOPIC 1 Physiological effects of rise in temperature on tissues 2 Therapeutic effects of contrast bath, cyclotherm and fluidotherapy 3 Principles of application and methods of application of cryotherapy 4 Rationale of use of superficial heating modalities to relieve pain

therapeutic effects of heat & cold

effects and uses of heat & cold

page no 19,20


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MODULE IV- Syllabus

Interferential Therapy: Define IFT, Principle of Production of IFT, Static Interference System, Dynamic Interference system, Dosage Parameters for IFT, Electrode placement in IFT, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications. [2 Hour] TENS: Define TENS, Types of TENS, Conventional TENS, Acupuncture TENS, Burst TENS, Brief & Intense TENS, Modulated TENS. Types of Electrodes & Placement of Electrodes, Dosage parameters, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications. [3 Hours] Pain: Define Pain, Theories of Pain (Outline only), Pain Gate Control theory in detail. [2 Ho


JSSCPT Page 71

Unit No

Lesson name

Type of instruction



Reference

Practical reference


1

Pain gate theory

Didactic Tp

Explain the mechanism of pain relief by pain gate theory

*Clinical electro therapy Roger M Nelson Pages 210-214; * Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 78-80

Assignment

2 TENS- Definition Types effects Uses Dangers C/I

Didactic Tp

Describe the principles of application of TENS Types of TENS Uses

*Clinical electrotherapy Nelson Pages 209-210 * Electrotherapy explained Low


MCQ


JSSCPT Page 72

Dangers

and Reid Pages 46-48, 80-84, 96-97

3 TENS- methods of application


Application of TENS for different case scenarios

*Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 92-96; *Clinical electrotherapy Nelson Pages 216-226





Apply TENS for different case scenarios





Practicals (supervised practise)

Apply TENS for different case scenarios





JSSCPT Page 73

6 IFT- Definition Principles of production Interference system

Theory & Seminar

Describe the principles of production of IFT

*Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 101-104 * Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 107-108


7 IFT- Dosage Effects &uses Contraindications

Theory

Explain the effects and uses & dosage of IFT on tissues

*Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 105-109; * Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 109-110


8 IFT- Methods of application Placement of electrodes


Demonstrate the application of IFT



9 IFT Methods of application Placement of electrodes

Practicals- (supervised)

Demonstrate methods of IFT application



JSSCPT Page 74

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Principle of pain relief by pain gate theory? Different types of TENS and uses? Method of application of TENS for pain relief? Define IFT and principles of production? Dosage of IFT. Contra-indications and uses of IFT? Method of application of IFT? Describes uses of IFT in stress incontinences? How TENS does help in management of back pain? Describe pain modulation by TENS? What is beat frequency in IFT? What is stereo dynamic interference field? What is conventional TENS? What are the indication and contraindication of IFT and describe about its application on shoulder? Name different parts of NMES? Mention different types of electric stimulators?

10 IFT Methods of application Placement of electrodes

Practicals- (supervised practise)

Demonstrate methods of IFT application



JSSCPT Page 75

LIST OF ASSIGNMENT

SR.NO ASSIGNMENT TOPIC 1 Principles of IFT production, dosage parameters in acute, sub-acute and chronic conditions 2 Pain relief by pain gate theory 3 Rationale and dosage of TENS in different painful syndromes

MODULE V - SWD - PEME - MWD - IRR Detailed Lesson Plan

Unit No

Lesson name Type of instruction


References Test question

Unit 1 SWD- definition & principles of production

Theory explain the principles of production of SWD

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 240-245; Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 114-117

Production of SWD


JSSCPT Page 76

Unit 2 Methods of Heat Production by SWD, Types of SWD Electrode and effects

Theory explain physiological &therapeutic effects of SWD on tissues, types of SWD electrodes


Types of electrodes in SWD. Effects and uses of SWD

Unit 3 Methods of application of SWD, spacing & types of electrodes, Tuning, testing and dosage

Practicals describe the methods of application of SWD; must know how to test apparatus

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 249-252; Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster pages 134-137 Practical manual page no39.

Methods of application of SWD Dosage of SWD

Unit 4 Methods of application of SWD, spacing & types of electrodes, Tuning, testing



Unit 5 Methods of application of SWD, spacing & types of electrodes, Tuning, testing




JSSCPT Page 77

Unit 6 Effects & uses of SWD, dangers & C/I

Theory explain the physiological and therapeutic effects, dangers and C/I of SWD

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 247-249; 261-265; Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster pages 137-144

Unit 7 PEME Theory highlight the principles of application of PEME on tissues

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 265-272; Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster pages 145-146

What is PEME?

Unit 8 MWD- definition, production, effects & uses, types of emitters, dangers & C/I, dosage

Theory highlight the principles of production of MWD, with its physiological and therapeutic effects and uses, C/I


Effects and uses of MWD. What is magnetron? Dosage of MWD.

Unit 9 IRR- definition, types of generators & production

Theory explain the principles of production of IRR, differentiate types of IRR generators


Production of IRR. Types of IRR generators.

Unit 10 IRR- methods of application, dosage & C/I, effects & uses

Theory elaborate the methods of application, with dosage & C/I of IRR

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 308-310; Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 149-150, 152-154.

Effects and uses and contra indications of IRR.

Unit 11 IRR- method of Practicals demonstrate the Electrotherapy explained Dosage of IRR


JSSCPT Page 78

application & dosage application of IRR Low and Reid Pages 310-312; Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 150-152, Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy- Stephen Dicarlo Pages 43-45, 52.

Unit 12 IRR- method of application & dosage

Practicals demonstrate the application of IRR

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 310-312; Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 150-152, Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy- Stephen Dicarlo Pages 43-45, 52.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Explain the production of SWD with circuit diagram? Mention about its therapeutics effects? Mention the dangers and contraindication of MWD? What are the physiological and therapeutic effects of MWD? Describe the methods of SWD application in Pelvic inflammatory diseases? What is the role of diode value in SWD? Describe contraindication of IRR? Classify visible and IR radiations? Describes PEME?


JSSCPT Page 79

What is the importance of spacing in SWD? LIST OF ASSIGNMENT MODULE V

SR. NO. ASSIGNMENT TOPIC 1 Dosage parameter of SWD in subacute and chronic conditions 2 Types of IRR generators, Dosage parameters of IRR application 3 various methods of application of SWD for shoulder joint

MODULE VI Bio-feedback NCV EMG Detailed lesson plan

Unit No

Lesson name Instructor Type of instruction


Reference Test question

Unit 1

Bio feedback- applications and uses

Theory explain the concept of bio-feedback, with its uses


Principles of bio feedback and uses.

Unit 2

Biofeedback- effectiveness

Theory elaborate the effects of application of bio feedback

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 144-


JSSCPT Page 80

146; Clinical electrophysiology Andrew Robinson Pages 394-397

Unit 3

Biofeedback- Practicals Demonstrate working of biofeedback equipment

Clinical electrophysiology Andrew Robinson Pages 394-397

Unit 4

Biofeedback- Practicals Demonstrate working of biofeedback equipment

Clinical electrophysiology Andrew Robinson Pages 394-397

Unit 5

NCV- components Theory identify the components of NCV apparatus

Electrophysiology Andrew Robinson Pages 410-422

Components of NCV

Unit 6

NCV- procedure and interpretation of results

Theory perform the procedure of NCV; differentiate between normal and abnormal findings


Procedure of NCV and interpretation of results

Unit 7


Practicals perform the procedure of NCV; differentiate between normal and abnormal findings


Unit 8


Practicals perform the procedure of NCV; differentiate between normal and abnormal findings



JSSCPT Page 81

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is EMG? What is its effect in physiotherapy? Describe NCV? and explain the procedure of NCV for median nerve? Describe biofeedback? What is the role of EMG biofeedback? LIST OF ASSIGNMENTS

SR. NO. ASSIGNMENT TOPIC 1 NCV procedure and interpretation of results 2 Principles and uses of biofeedback 3 EMG and application of EMG in therapeutics

Unit 9

EMG Theory explain the principles of EMG, with interpretation of results

Electrotherapy in Rehabilitation Meryl Roth Gersh Pages 292-304; Clinical electrophysiology Andrew Robinson Pages 390-395, Experiments & demonstrations in Physiotherapy - Stephen Dicarlo Pages 59-62.


JSSCPT Page 82

MODULE VII- Syllabus Ultrasound: Define Ultrasound, Frequency, Piezzo Electric effects: Direct, Reverse, Production of US, Treatment Dosage par Near field, Far field, Half value distance, Attenuation, Coupling Media. Thermal effects, Non thermal effects, principles & application of US: direct contact, water bag, water bath, solid sterile gel Uses of US, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers of Ultrasound. Phonophoresis: Define Phonophoresis, Methods of application, Commonly used drugs, Uses. Dosages of US. [8 Hours] UVR: Define UVR, Types of UVR, UVR generators: High pressure mercury vapour lamp, Water cooled mercury vapour lamp Fluorescent lamp. Physiological & Therapeutic effects. Sensitizers& Filters. Test dosage calculation. Calculation of E1, E2, E3, E4 doses. Indications, contraindications. Dangers. Dosages for different th Distance in UVR lamp [8 Hours] LASER: Define LASER. Types of LASER.Principles of production. Production of LASER by various methods. Methods of application of LASER. Dosage of LASER. Physiological & Therapeutic effects of LASER. Safety precautions of LASER. Classifications of LASER. Energy density & power density [8 Hours]


JSSCPT Page 83

Unit No

Lesson name

Type of instruction



Reference Practical reference

UVR- definition, principles of production

Didactic Tp

state the principles of production of UVR

Electrotherapy explained -Low &Reid Pages 331-332

Clayton’s electrotherapy -Angela Foster Pgs 180-182

UVR- types of generators, PUVA apparatus

Didactic Tp

Differentiate different types of UV generators

Electrotherapy explained -Low &Reid Pages 361-361

Clayton’s electrotherapy -Angela Foster Pgs 183-185

UVR- test dose

Practicals perform test dose of UVR Electrotherapy explained -Low &Reid Pages 355-359

Clayton’s electrotherapy -Angela Foster Pgs 191-193.

Practical manual pg no 35.

Physiological and therapeutic Effects, dangers, contra indications of UVR

Didactic Tp

State uses, uses, dangers and C/L of UVR

Electrotherapy explained -Low &Reid Pages 341-354; 361-364, 367-369

Clayton’s electrotherapy -Angela Foster Pgs 185-191.

UVR- sensitizers & filters Didactic state what are sensitizers & filters in UVR Electrotherapy


JSSCPT Page 84

Tp

explained -Low and Reid Pages 365-366.

UVR test dose calculation


Demonstrate UVR test dose & E1 calculation

UVR revision Seminar

UST- definition & principles of production

Didactic Tp

explain principles of production of UST

Electrotherapy explained -Low and Reid Pages 149-153;

Clayton’s electrotherapy -Angela Foster Pages 165-168.

UST- fields, attenuation, Coupling media

Didactic Tp

State what are the different fields of US, What is attenuation & importance of coupling media

Electrotherapy explained -Low and Reid Pages 154-158

Clayton’s electrotherapy - Angela Foster Pages 168-172.

UST- methods of application, Dosage parameters

Practicals Demonstrate different methods of application of US with dosage

Electrotherapy explained -Low and Reid Pages 166-175

Clayton’s electrotherapy Pages 177-179.

Practical manual page no 38

Physiological & therapeutic effects, uses of US Dangers & contra indications

Didactic Tp

State effects & uses, dangers, contra indications of UST


Clayton’s electrotherapy Angela Foster Pages 172-176.


JSSCPT Page 85

Phonophoresis in UST

Didactic state the principles and

procedure of Phonophoresis Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 163-164.

Common drugs used in Phonophoresis and method of application

Didactic identify different drugs used in Phonophoresis and their effects

Electrotherapy explained Low and Reid Pages 164-166.

LASER- introduction, principles & types of LASER

Didactic State principles of production & types of LASER

Electrotherapy explained Low & Reid Pages 316-322

Therapeutic uses, principles of application & Contra indications of LASER

Didactic State principles of application, uses & contra indications of LASER

Electrotherapy explained Low & Reid Pages 323- 328

LASER- dosage calculation

Practicals Calculate dosage of LASER for different conditions

Practical manual page 34

Sample question Mention principles of production of UVR? Mention different types of UV generators? Explain effects & C/I of UVR? What are sensitizers and filters in UVR? What is Piezzo electric effect? Explain production of UST? What are near and far fields in US. Importance of using coupling media? What is standing wave? Explain dosage calculation of UST? What are the effects and uses of UST? Explain principles of Phonophoresis?


JSSCPT Page 86

Name drugs used in phonophoresis? Explain principles of production of LASER? Mention different types of LASER? Mention effects and uses of LASER? Mention contra-indications of LASER? LIST OF ASSIGNMENT MODULE VII SR. NO. ASSIGNMENTS TOPICS 1 Test dose of UVR 2 Physiological and therapeutic effects of UVR on skin conditions with appropriate dosage 3 Dosage rationale of US for different conditions 4 Methods of application of US 5 Properties of LASER; Principles of LASER production 6 LASER dosage calculation MODULE VIII CPM TRACTION TREADMILL TILT TABLE BODY WEIGHT SUPPORT VIBRARTOR MAGNETIC STIMULATION BIO FEEDBACK The following units are of one hour duration Unit no

Name of lesson Instructor Type of instruction Learning objective- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to

Test question Mechanism of working of

Unit 1 Principles of working of CPM Practical Demonstration

Must be able to demonstrate the working of CPM with its benefits

CPM


JSSCPT Page 87

Unit 2 Principles of working of Traction

Practical Demonstration

Must be able to demonstrate the working of traction, types and uses

Traction

Unit 3 Principles of working of Treadmill


Must be able to demonstrate the working of treadmill

Treadmill

Unit 4 Principles of working of Tilt table


Must be able to demonstrate the working of tilt table

Tilt table

Unit 5 Principles of working of body weight support


Must be able to demonstrate the working of weight support

Body weight support

Unit 6 Principles of working of Vibrator


Must be able to demonstrate the working of vibrator

Vibrator

Unit 7 Principles of working of Magnetic stimulator


Must be able to demonstrate the working of magnetic stimulation

Magnetic stimulator

Unit 8 Principles of working of Bio feedback


Must be able to demonstrate working of bio feedback

Bio feedback

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Principles of working of Bio feedback? Principles of working of magnetic stimulator? Principles of working of vibrator? Principles of working of traction? Principles of working of CPM?


JSSCPT Page 88

LIST OF ASSIGNMENTS MODULE VIII SR. NO. ASSIGNMENT TOPIC 1 Biofeedback and various methods of biofeedback with its importance’s 2 Traction and physiological and mechanical mechanism behind given traction 3 Types of traction and its applicability on various joints 4 CPM and its importance with application to various conditions and joints


JSSCPT Page 89

II YEAR B.P.T

SUBJECT: MICROBIOLOGY


2015 - 2016


JSSCPT Page 90


70. Prescribed RGUHS syllabus 71. Recommended text books 72. Module I- General Microbiology 73. Module II- Immunology 74. Module III- Bacteriology 75. Module IV- General Virology 76. Module V- Mycology 77. Module VI- Clinical/ Applied Microbiology


JSSCPT Page 91

Prescribed Syllabus, RGUHS 1.General Microbiology [5 Hours] Definitions: infections, parasite, host, vector, fomite, contagious disease, infectious disease,epidemic, endemic, pandemic, Zoonosis, Epizootic, Attack rate. Normal flora of the human body. Routes of infection and spread; endogenous and exogenous infections; Source at reservoir of infections. Bacterial cell. Morphology limited to recognizing bacteria in clinical samples Shape, motility andarrangement. Structures, which are virulence, associated. Physiology: Essentials of bacterial growth requirements. Sterilization, disinfection and universal precautions in relation to patient care and diseaseprevention. Definition of asepsis, sterilization and disinfection. Antimicrobials: Mode of action, interpretation of susceptibility tests, resistance spectrum of activity. 2. Immunology [5 Hours] Basic principles of immunity immunobiology : Lymphoid organs and tissues. Antigen, Antibodies, antigen and antibody reactions with relevance to pathogenesis and serological diagnosis. Humoral immunity and its role in immunity Cell mediated immunity and its role in immunity. Imunology of hypersensitivity.Measuring immune functions. 3. Bacteriology [12 Hours] Introduction to bacteriology: Morphology, classification according to pathogenicity, mode of transmission, methods of prevention, collection and transport of samples for laboratory diagnosis and interpretation of laboratory reports.


JSSCPT Page 92

Staphylococci, Streptococci and Pneumococci, Mycobacteria: Tuberculosis, M.leprae, atypical mycobacteria Enterobacteriaceae,Vibrois : V. cholerae and other medically important vibrios, Campylobacters and Helicobacters,Pseudomonas,Bacillus anthracis,Sporing and non-sporing anaerobes: Clostridia, Bacteroides and Fusobacteria. 4. General Virology [8 Hours] General properties: Basic structure and broad classification of viruses. Pathogenesis and pathology of viral infections. Immunity and prophylaxis of viral diseases. Principles of laboratory diagnosisof viral diseases. List of commonly used antiviral agents. 5. Mycology [3 Hours] General properties of fungi. Classification based on disease: superficial, subcutaneous and deep mycosel opportunistic infections including Mycotoxins, systemic mycoses. General principles of fungal diagnosis and Rapid diagnosis. Method of collection of samples. Antifungal agents. 6. Clinical / Applied Microbiology [12 Hours] Streptococcal infections: Rheumatic fever and Rheumatic heart disease, Meningitis. Tuberculosis, Pyrexia of unknown origin, leprosy, Sexually transmitted diseases,


JSSCPT Page 93

Poliomyelitis, Hepatitis, Acute-respiratory infections, Central nervous System infections, Urinary tract infections, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Wound infection, Opportunistic infections,HlV infection,Malaria,Filariasis,Zoonotic diseases. List of Recommended Textbooks Sl No Name of textbook

78. Short text book of Medical Microbiology by Sathish Gupta, 7th edition. 79. Text book of Microbiology by Anantha Narayanan & Jayaram Panicker, 8th edition.

80. Microbiology & Parasitology by Rajeshwar Reddy, 5th edition.

81. Microbiology by Baveja, 4th edition.

82. Text book of microbiology by Chakraborthy, 3rd edition.


JSSCPT Page 94

DETAILED LESSON PLAN MODULE I: General Microbiology Short text book of Medical Microbiology, Sathish Gupta, 7th Edition pages 3-74 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the

student must be able to Test question

Unit 1 Introduction to microbiology

Explain about general essential terms like Infections, parasite, host, vector, fomite, contagious disease, infectious disease, epidemic, endemic, pandemic, Zoonosis, Epizootic, and Attack rate

Define infection, parasite, host, vector, fomite, epidemic, endemic, Zoonosis.

Unit 2 Routes and source of infection

Explain about the Normal flora of the human body and various routes of infection and spread like endogenous and exogenous infections and also source at reservoir of infections.

Different routes of infection and spread of infections.

Unit 3 Bacterial cell Describe about bacterial cell morphology limited to recognizing bacteria in clinical samples shape, motility and Arrangement and also structures which are virulence and associated.

Describe about bacterial cell morphology.

Unit 4 Physiology Describe about the Essentials of bacterial growth requirements

What are the essential factors for growth of bacteria?

Unit 5 Sterilization and disinfection

Explain about Sterilization, disinfection and universal precautions in relation to patient care and disease

What is sterilization, disinfection and universal precautions to patient care?


JSSCPT Page 95

Prevention and also definition of asepsis, sterilization, disinfection.

Unit 6 Antimicrobials Explain about antimicrobials, its Mode of action, interpretation of susceptibility tests and resistance spectrum of activity.

What is antimicrobial? Mention mode of action of them.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What are the chemical methods of sterilization? What is a bacterial capsule? Define a bacterial spore? What is Autoclave? Explain Zoonosis diseases? Explain Hot air oven. What is selection of enrich medium? What are Gaseous disinfectants? MODULE II IMMUNOLOGY Short text book of Medical Microbiology, Sathish Gupta, 7th Edition, pages 91-158 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be

able to Test question

Unit 1 principles of immunity immunobiology

Describe about basic principles about immunity and immunobiology including lymphoid organs and tissues.

What are the principles of immunity?

Unit 2 Antigen and Antibodies

Explain about antigen, antibodies, antigen and antibody reactions with relevance to pathogenesis and serological diagnosis

What are antigens, antibodies and their reactions?

Unit 3 Humoral immunity Describe about humoral immunity and its role in immunity Cell mediated immunity and also its role in immunity

Unit 4 Immunology of hypersensitivity

Explain about hypersensitivity immunology What is hypersensitivity immunology?

Unit 5 Immune functions Describe about immune function measurement.


JSSCPT Page 96

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Acquired immunity? What are the Properties of antigens? What is Hypersensitivity? Describe the immune function assessment. MODULE III Bacteriology Short text book of Medical Microbiology, Sathish Gupta, 7th Edition pages 159-292

Unit No

Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to Test question

Unit 1 Introduction to Bacteriology

Explain about the Morphology, classification according to pathogenicity, mode of transmission, methods of prevention, collection and transport of samples for laboratory diagnosis, interpretation of laboratory reports.

Give the classification of pathogenicity and mode of transmission of bacteria.

Unit 2 Staphylococci Describe about staphylococcus, its morphology, classification, pathogenicity, modes of transmissions, methods of preventions, collection and laboratory diagnosis and also its interpretations

Describe staphylococcus, morphology, classification and mode of transmission of it.

Unit 3 Streptococci Describe about streptococcus , its morphology, classification, pathogenicity, modes of transmissions, methods of preventions, collection and laboratory diagnosis and also its interpretations

Describe streptococcus, morphology, classification and mode of transmission of it.

Unit 4 Pneumococcal Describe about pneumococcal , its morphology, classification, pathogenicity, modes of transmissions, methods of preventions, collection and laboratory diagnosis and also its interpretations

Describe pneumococcus, morphology, classification and mode of transmission of it.

Unit 5 Mycobacterium Describe about mycobacterium including Tuberculosis, M.leprae, atypical mycobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae , its morphology, classification, pathogenicity, modes of transmissions, methods of preventions, collection and

What are mycobacterium tuberculosis, leprae and entero bacteria.


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SAMP

LE QUESTIONS: What are Gram positive bacteria? Explain the diagnosis of streptococous pneumonia. Explain the Lab diagnosis of tetanus. Describe the morphology pathogenecity and lab diagnosis of cornybacterium? What are Koch’s postulates? Mention the Prophylaxis against tetanus? What is Pasteurization? MODULE IV General Virology Short text book of Medical Microbiology, Sathish Gupta, 7th Edition, pages 293-360 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the


Unit 1 General properties of Describe about the basic structure and broad Mention structure and

laboratory diagnosis and also its interpretations Unit 6 Vibrois Describe about vibrois including V. Cholera, Campylobacters and Helicobacters,

Pseudomonas , its morphology, classification, pathogenicity, modes of transmissions, methods of preventions, collection and laboratory diagnosis and also its interpretations

What is Vibrois?

Unit 7 Sporing and non-sporing anaerobes

Describe about sporing and non sporing including Clostridia, Bacteroides and Fusobacteria , its morphology, classification, pathogenicity, modes of transmissions, methods of preventions, collection and laboratory diagnosis and also its interpretations

What are sporing and non sporing anaerobes?


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virology classification of viruses classification of viruses. Unit 2 Pathogenesis and

pathology Explain about the pathogenesis and pathology of viral infections

Unit 3 Immunity and prophylaxis

Explain about the immunity and prophylaxis of viral diseases

Explain immunity and prophylaxis for viral diseases.

Unit 4 Laboratory diagnosis Describe about the principles of laboratory diagnosis of viral diseases

Unit 5 Common antiviral agents

Describe about the list of commonly used antiviral agents

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is HIV? Describe the morphology, modes of transmission, and lab diagnosis of HIV? Add note on universal precaution? Enumerate virus causing hepatitis? Describe the pathogenesis and lab diagnosis of hepatitis B virus? Describe Hepatitis A virus? Mention the Prophylaxis of hepatitis of B? MODULE V MYCOLOGY Short text book of Medical Microbiology, Sathish Gupta, 7th Edition, pages 361-378


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Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to Test question Unit 1 General

properties Explain about the properties of fungi Mention properties of fungi

Unit 2 Classification Describe about the classification on the basis of diseases involving superficial, subcutaneous, deep mycosel opportunistic infections like Mycotoxins, systemic mycoses.

Unit 3 Diagnosis Describe about the general principles of fungal diagnosis and rapid diagnosis

Describe general principles of fungal diagnosis and rapid diagnosis.

Unit 4 Sample collection Describe about the method of collection of samples Unit 5 Antifungal agents Explain about the common antifungal agents

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Mention the classification of fungi based on disease caused. What do you mean by Candidiatis? Describe the antifungal agents? MODULE VI CLINICAL/APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Short text book of Medical Microbiology, Sathish Gupta, 7th Edition, pages 443-492 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able

to Test questions

Unit 1 Streptococcal infections

Explain about the streptococcal infections including Rheumatic fever and Rheumatic heart disease

What are streptococcal infections?

Unit 2 Meningitis Describe about Meningitis What is meningitis? Unit 3 Tuberculosis Describe about Tuberculosis Unit 4 Pyrexia Describe about Pyrexia of unknown origin Unit 5 Leprosy Describe about Leprosy Mention causes and

management of leprosy.


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Unit 6 Sexually transmitted diseases

Describe about Sexually transmitted diseases What are sexually transmitted diseases?

Unit 7 Poliomyelitis Describe about Poliomyelitis Describe poliomyelitis. Unit 8 Hepatitis Describe about Hepatitis What are different types of

hepatitis? Unit 9 Acute-respiratory

infections Describe about Acute-respiratory infections What are acute respiratory

infections? Unit 10 CNS infections Describe about Central nervous System infections Unit 11 Urinary tract

infections Describe about Urinary tract infections What are UT infections?

Unit 12 Pelvic inflammatory disease

Describe about Pelvic inflammatory disease What is pelvic inflammatory disease?

Unit 13 Wound infection Describe about Wound infection Unit 14 Opportunistic

infections Describe about Opportunistic infections

Unit 15 HlV infection Describe about HlV infection Unit 16 Malaria Describe about Malaria Mention treatment of

malaria. Unit 17 Filariasis Describe about Filariasis Unit 18 Zoonotic diseases Describe about Zoonotic diseases


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SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Name the organisms causing UTI? Define nosoccomial infections? Discuss th common infections encountered in the hospital? Add a note on their prevention and control? Mention the etiology of RTI? What is anaphylaxis? Define pyrexia or fever with unknowm origin? Discuss the lab diagnosis of typhoid fever. What is Microfilaria? What are E.coli? Name the organism causing meningitis. What is the Prophylaxis of DPT?


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II YEAR B.P.T

SUBJECT: PATHOLOGY


2017 – 2018


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl No Topics 83. Prescribed RGUHS syllabus 84. Recommended text books 85. Module I 86. Module II 87. Module III 88. Module IV 89. Module V 90. Module VI 91. Module VII 92. Module VIII 93. Module IX 94. Module X 95. Module XI 96. Module XII 97. Module XIII 98. Module XIV 99. Module XV 100 Module XVI 101 Module XVII


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Prescribed Syllabus, RGUHS General Pathology 1.Introduction to Pathology [1 Hour] 2. Cell injuries: [3 Hours] Aetiology and Pathogenesis with a brief recall of important aspects of normal cell structure. Reversible cell injury : Types, Sequential changes, Cellular swellings, vacuolation, Hyaline changes, Mucoid changes. Irreversible cell injury: Types of Necrosis, types of Gangrene and Autolysis. Pathologic calcification: Dystrophic and Metastatic. Intracellular Accumulations – Fatty changes, Protein accumulations and Glycogen accumulations, Pigments – Melanin / Hemosiderin. Extra cellular accumulations: Amyloidosis – Classification, Pathogenesis, Pathology including special stains. 3. Inflammation and Repair [3 Hours] Acute inflammation: features, causes, vascular and cellular events. Inflammatory cells and Mediators. Chronic inflammation: Causes, Types, Classification nonspecific and granulomatous with examples. Repair, Wound healing by primary and secondary union, factors promoting and delaying the process. Healing in specific site including bone healing. 4. Immunopathology [2 Hours] Immune system: General concepts. Hypersensitivity: type and examples, antibody and cell mediated tissue injury with examples. Secondary immunodeficiency including HIV infection. Auto-immune disorders: Basic concepts and classification, SLE.


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AIDS-Aetiology, Modes of transmission, Diagnostic procedures, handling of infected material and health education. 5. Infectious diseases [3 Hours] Mycobacterial diseases: Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Syphilis. Bacterial disease: Pyogenic, Diphtheria, Gram negative infection and Bacillary dysentery. Viral diseases: Poliomyelitis, Herpes, Rabies, Measles, Rickttsia, Chlamydial infection and HIV infection. Fungal disease and opportunistic infections. Parasitic diseases: Malaria, Filaria, Amoebiasis, Kala-azar, Cysticercosis, Hydatid cyst. 6. Circulatory Distrurbances [3 Hours] Hyperemia/Ischemia and Haemorrhage Edema: Pathogenesis and types. Chronic venous congestion: Lung, Liver, Spleen, Systemic Pathology Thrombosis and Embolism: Formation, Fate and Effects. Infarction: Types, Common sites. Shock: Pathogenesis, types, morphologic changes. 7. Growth Disturbances and Neoplasia [3 Hours] Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Aplasia, Hypoplasia, Metaplasia, Malformation, agenesis, dysplasia. Precancerous lesions. Neoplasia: Definition, classification, Biological behaviour : Benign and Malignant, Carcinoma and Sarcoma. Malignant Neoplasia: Grades and Stages, Local & Distant spread. Carcinogenesis: Environmental carcinogens, chemical, viral, occupational. Heredity and cellular oncogenes and prevention of cancer. Benign & Malignant epithelial tumoursEg. Squamous papilloma, Squamous cell carcinoma and Malignant melanoma. Benign & Malignant mesenchymal tumoursEg: Fibroma, Lipoma, Neurofibroma, Fibrosarcoma, Liposarcoma, Rhabdo-myosarcoma, Teratoma. 8. Nutritional Disorders [1 Hour] - Protein energy malnutrition: Marasmus, Kwashiorkor, and Vitamin deficiency disorders,classification with specific examples.


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9. Genetic Disorders [1 Hour] Basic concepts of genetic disorders and some common examples and congenital malformation. Systemic pathology 10. Hematology [4 Hours] Constituents of blood and bone marrow, Regulation of hematopoiesis. Anemia: Classification, clinical features & lab diagnosis. Nutritional anemias: Iron deficiency anemia, Folic acid,Vit. B 12 deficiency anemia including pernicious anemia. Hemolytic Anaemias: Classification and Investigations. Hereditary haemolyticanaemias: Thalessemia, Sickle cell anemia, Spherocytosis and Enzyme deficiencies. Acquired hemolytic anaemias i. Alloimmune, Autoimmune ii. Drug induced, Microangiopathic Pancytopenia - Aplastic anemia. Hemostatic disorders, Vascular and Platelet disorders & lab diagnosis. Coagulopathies - (i) Inherited (ii) Acquired with lab diagnosis. Leukocytic disorders: Leukocytosis, Leukopenis, Leukemoid reaction. Leukemia: Classification, clinical manifestation, pathology and Diagnosis. Multiple myeloma and disproteinemias. Blood transfusion; Grouping and cross matching, untoward reactions, transmissible infections including HIV & hepatitis, Blood-components & plasma-pheresis. 11. Respiratory System [2 Hours] Pneumonia, Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Asthma, Tuberculosis, Carcinoma of lungs, Occupational lung diseases. 12. Cardiovascular Pathology [2 Hours] Congenital Heart disease: Atrial septal defect, Ventricular septal defect, Fallot's tetralogy, Patent ductus arteriosus. Endocarditis.


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Rheumatic Heart disease. Vascular diseases: Atherosclerosis, monckeberg's medial calcification, Aneurysm and Arteritis Tumours of Blood vessels. Ischemic heart Disease: Myocardial infarction. Hypertension and hypertensive heart Disease. 13. Alimentary tract [3 Hours] Oral Pathology: Ulcers, leukoplakia, Carcinoma, oral cavity diseases and tumour of salivary gland, esophagus and precancerous lesions, Esophagus inflammatory, functional disorders and tumours. Stomach: Gastritis, Ulcer &Tumours. Tumours and tumour like condition of the small and large Intestine: Polyps, carcinoid, carcinoma, Lymphoma. Pancreatitis and pancreatic tumours :i) Exocrine, ii) Endocrine Salivary gland tumours : Mixed, Warthin's 14. Hepato – biliary pathology [ 2 Hours] Jaundice: Types, aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis. Hepatitis: Acute, Chronic, neonatal. Alcoholic liver diseaseCirrhosis: Postnecrotic, Alcoholic, Metabolic and Portal hypertension Liver abscesses; Pyogenic, parasitic and Amoebic.Tumours of Liver 15. Lymphatic System [ 2 Hours] Diseases of the gall bladder: Cholecystitis, Cholelithiasis, Carcinoma. Lymphadenitis - Non specific and granulomatous Causes of Lymph Node enlargements. Reactive Hyperplasia, Primary Tumours - Hodgkin's and Non hodgkin's Lymphomas, Metastatic Tumours, Causes of Splenic Enlargements. 16. Musculoskeletal System [3 Hours] Osteomyelitis, acute, chronic, tuberculous, mycetoma Metabolic diseases: Rickets/Osteomalacia, osteoporosis, Hyperparathyroidism, Paget's disease. Tumours Classification: Benign, Malignant, Metastatic and synovial sarcoma. Arthritis: Suppurative, Rheumatoid, Osteoarthritis, Gout and Tuberculous.


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17. Endocrine pathology [ 3 Hours] Diabetes Mellitus: Types, Pathogenesis, Pathology, Laboratory diagnosis Non-neoplastic lesions of Thyroid: Iodine deficiency goiter, autoimmune Thyroiditis, Thyrotoxicosis, myxedema, Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Tumours of Thyroid: Adenoma, Carcinoma: Papillary, Follicular, Medullary and Anaplastic. Adrenal diseases: cortical hyperplasia, atrophy, tuberculosis, tumours of cortex and medulla. 18. Neuropathology [3 Hours] Inflammations and Infections : TB Meningitis, Pyogenic Meningitis, viral meningitis and Brain Abscess Tuberculosis, Cysticercosis CNS Tumors, Astrocytoma, Neuroblastoma, Meningioma and Medulloblastoma 19. Dermatopathology [1 Hour] Skin tumors :Squamos cell carcinoma, Basal cell carcinoma and Melanoma List of recommended textbooks

DETAILED LESSON PLAN MODULE I: Introduction to Pathology and Cell Injury Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan, 6th Edition, Pages 1-8, 21-60 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be


Sl No Name of textbooks 1. Textbook of pathology: Harshmohan, 6th edition 2. Textbook of General systemic pathology, Underwoods, 4thedition. 3. Text book of Pathology: Robbins, 9thedition.


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Unit 1 Introduction to Pathology

Define of pathology; Differentiate between health and disease; Terminology in pathology; Evolution of pathology.

What is the difference between health and disease?

Unit 2 Cell injury etiology and pathogenesis

Explain different etiology of cell injury; pathogenesis of cell injury; reversible and irreversible types of cell injury.

What is cell injury?

Unit 3 Dystrophic and metastatic calcification

Explain about dystrophic and metastatic calcification; differences between dystrophic and metastatic calcification.

What is dystrophic and metastatic calcification?

Unit 4 Intracellular accumulation And pigments

Describe about intracellular accumulation; protein accumulation; glycogen accumulation and fatty changes; pigments and its types: melanin and haemosiderin.

Describe about intracellular accumulation.

Unit 5 Extracellular accumulation

Explain extracellular accumulation; amyloidosis its classification and pathogenesis.

SAMPLE QUESTION: What is pathological calcification? Define cell injury. Discuss the etiology and pathogenesis for the same. Explain the morphology of reversible cell injury. Describe the intracellular and extracellular accumulation. MODULE II: Inflammation and repair Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6thdition pages 130-173 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be


Unit 1 Inflammation and repair acute inflammation and inflammatory cells and

Explain acute inflammation; its features and causes; cellular and vascular events; what are the inflammatory cells and its mediators.

What is inflammation? What are mediators of inflammation?


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mediators Unit 2 Chronic inflammation Explain about chronic inflammation its cause; types; and

classification with examples

Unit 3 Healing and repair Explain about healing, repair; wound healing and special tissue healing.

Explain about healing and repair

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Mention the factors affecting healing. What are the chemical mediators of inflammation? Write about the process of wound healing. Describe the phases of bone healing. Describe the different inflammatory mediators. MODULE III: Immunopathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 61-92 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student

must be able to Test question

Unit 1 Immunity system and hypersensitivity reactions

Explain about immunity system in brief; hypersensitivity reactions and its types with examples

What are hypersensitivity reactions?

Unit 2 Immunodeficiency disorders and autoimmune disorders

Explain about immunodeficiency disorders with an example AIDS; autoimmune disorders with example SLE.

What are immunodeficiency disorders?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Syphillis? What is Opportunistic infection of HIV? What is hypersensitivity type one reaction?


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What are hypersensitivity reactions? MODULE IV: Infectious Diseases Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition, 174-193 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the

lesson, the student must be able to Test question

Unit 1 Mycobacterial diseases

Explain about mycobacterial diseases like tuberculosis, leprosy and syphilis.

What are mycobacterial diseases?

Unit 2 Bacterial diseases Explain about bacterial diseases like Pyogenic, Diphtheria, Gram negative infection and Bacillary dysentery.

Unit 3 Viral diseases Explain about viral diseases like Poliomyelitis, Herpes, Rabies, Measles, Rickttsia, Chlamydial infection and HIV Infection.

Mention about viral diseases.

Unit 4 Fungal diseases and opportunistic infection

Explain about fungal diseases and opportunistic infection.

What are opportunistic infections?

Unit 5 Parasite diseases Explain about parasite diseases like Malaria, Filaria, Amoebiasis, Kala-azar, Cysticercosis and Hydatid cyst.

What are parasitic diseases?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Tuberculosis? Mention the pathology of development of Leprosy? What is Malaria? What is Filaria?


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What is Kala-azar? ODULE V: Circulatory Disturbances Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition, pages 93-129 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be


Unit 1 Hyperemia, ischemia and hemorrhage

Describe about hyperaemia, ischemia and haemorrhage Describe about hyperaemia, ischemia and haemorrhage

Unit 2 Edema Describe about oedema, its pathogenesis and types of oedema What is oedema? Unit 3 Chronic

Venous Congestion

Explain about chronic venous congestion in lung, liver and spleen. What is chronic venous congestion?

Unit 4 Thrombosis and embolism

Explain about thrombosis and embolism, its formation, fate and its effects.

What are thrombosis and embolism?

Unit 5 Infraction Describe about infraction and common sites of infraction. What is infarction? Unit 6 Shock Explain about shock, it’s Pathogenesis, types and morphological

changes occurring during shock. Describe about shock, types and morphological changes.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is oedema? Classify add a note on cardiac oedema? What is shock? Give example? What is air embolism?Describe Embolism and types of embolism. MODULE VI Growth Disturbances and Neoplasm Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 192-235


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Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be


Unit 1 Introduction to growth disturbances

Describe about atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, aplasia, hypoplasia, malformations, agenesis, and dysplasia.

What is aplasia and hypoplsia?

Unit 2 Precancerous lesions

Explain about precancerous lesions. What are precancerous lesions?

Unit 3 Neoplasm Explain about neoplasm and classification of neoplasm Classify neoplasm. Unit 4 Biological behaviour Explain about biological behaviour of benign and malignant and

carcinoma and sarcoma.

Unit 5 Malignant neoplasm

Describe about malignant neoplasm, about its stages and grades, and also local and distant spread of malignant neoplasm.

What is malignant neoplasm?

Unit 6 Carcinogenesis Describe about carcinogens and list different types like environmental, chemical and viral carcinogens.

What are carcinogens and name types of carcinogens?

Unit 7 Heredity and cellular oncogens and prevention of cancer.

Explain about heredity oncogens and cellular oncogens; also about prevention of cancer.

Unit 8 Benign and malignant epithelial tumors

Explain about squamous papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.

Unit 9 Benign and malignant mesenchymal tumors

Describe about benign and malignant mesenchymal tumours like fibroma, lipoma, neurofibroma, fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, teratoma and rhabdo-myosarcoma.

What is lipoma?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What are the differences between benign and malignanttumours?


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What is neoplasm? Give the classification of neoplasm. What is Dysplasia? What are Carcinogens? MODULE VII Nutritional Disorders and Genetic disorders Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 236-265 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must

be able to Test question

Unit 1 Protein deficiency disorders

Explain about proficiency disorders like Marasmus and Kwashiorkor.

What are protein deficiency disorders?

Unit 2 Vitamin deficiency disorders

Describe about vitamin deficiency disorders with examples. What are Vitamin deficiency disorders?

Unit 3 Basic concept on genetic disorders

Describe about genetic disorders with examples and also about congenital malformations

What are congenital malformations?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Protein energy malnutrition? What are Vitamin A deficiency disorders? What are Marasmus andKwashiorkor? What are the genetic disorders with congenital malformation? MODULE VIII Hematology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 284-391 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student


Unit 1 Bone and bone List the constituents of bone and bone marrow; and also What is haematopoiesis?


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marrow constituents and haematopoiesis

describe the regulation of haematopoiesis

Unit 2 Anaemia Explain about anaemia; its classifications, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.

What is anaemia?

Unit 3 Nutritional anemias Explain about nutritional anemia like iron deficiency anemia, folic acid anemia and vitamin B12 including pernicious anemia

What is iron deficiency anaemia?

Unit 4 Hemolytic anemias Explain about hemolytic anemia; its classification and laboratory investigation

Unit 5 Hereditary hemolytic anemias

Describe about hereditary hemolytic anemias like Thalessemia, Sickle cell anemia, Spherocytosis and enzymes deficiency anemia.

Unit 6 Acquired hemolytic anemias and Pancytopenia

Describe about the acquired type of hemolytic anemia; and different types like alloimmune, autoimmune, drug induced and microangiopathic; about pancytopenia and aplastic anemia.

Unit 7 Hemostatic disorders

Explain about hemostatic disorders and its lab investigations

Unit 8 Vascular and Platelets disorders

Explain about vascular and platelets disorders and its lab diagnosis; and also about coagulopathies and its laboratory findings

Unit 9 Leukocytic disorders

Describe about leukocytic disorders like leukocytosis, leucopenis and leukomoid reactions.

Unit 10 Leukemeia Explain about leukemia, its classifications, clinical manifestation, pathology and laboratory diagnosis.

Unit 11 Multiple myeloma and Disproteinemias

Explain about multiple myeloma and disproteinemias.


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Unit 12 Blood transfusion Explain about blood transfusion, Grouping and cross matching, untoward reactions, transmissible infections including HIV & hepatitis, Blood-components and plasma-pheresis.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Iron deficiency anaemia? What is Pancytopenia? Describe about Sickle cell anaemia. What are the investigations in haemolytic anaemia? Mention the diagnosis and screening for bleeding disorders. MODULE IX Respiratory System Pathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 461-506 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must


Unit 1 Pneumonia Explain about pneumonia with its pathology and laboratory findings

What are the lab findings in pneumonia?

Unit 2 Bronchitis Explain about bronchitis with its pathology and laboratory findings

What is bronchitis?


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Unit 3 Bronchiectasis Explain about bronchietasis with its pathology and laboratory findings

Unit 4 Asthma Explain about asthma with its pathology and laboratory findings

What is pathology and lab findings in asthma?

Unit 5 Tuberculosis Explain about tuberculosis with its pathology and laboratory findings

Unit 6 Carcinoma of lungs Explain about carcinoma of lungs with its pathology and laboratory findings

What is Ca lungs?

Unit 7 Occupational lung diseases

Explain about occupational lung diseases and different occupational lung diseases with its pathology and laboratory findings

What are occupational lung diseases?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Lobar pneumonia? Explain pathophysiology and clinical features of Tuberculosis. What is COPD? Mention its clinical features and management. What is treatment of Bronchial asthma? Mention clinical features and treatment of Lung cancer? Mention various occupational lung diseases?


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MODULE X Cardiovascular system pathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 417-460 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must


Unit 1 Congenital Heart disease

Describe about congenital heart disease like Atrial septal defect, Ventricular septal defect, Fallot's tetralogy, Patent ductus arteriosus

What are congenital heart diseases?

Unit 2 Endocarditis Describe about endocarditis, its pathology and laboratory diagnosis

What is endocarditis?

Unit 3 Rheumatic Heart disease

Describe about Rheumatic Heart disease , its pathology and laboratory diagnosis

What is RHD?

Unit 4 Vascular diseases Explain about vascular diseases like Atherosclerosis, monckeberg's medial calcification, Aneurysm and Arteritis and tumours of Blood vessels

What is atherosclerosis?

Unit 5 Ischemic heart Disease

Describe about Ischemic heart disease , its pathology and laboratory diagnosis and Myocardial infarction

What is IHD?

Unit 6 Hypertension and hypertensive heart Disease

Describe about hypertension and hypertensive heart diseases What i hypertension?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Mention about investigations and management of Arteriosclerosis. What is Septal defect? Mention clinical features of PDA? What is Rheumatic heart disease?


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Describe pathology of Endocarditis? What is IHD? What is Aneurysm? Mention clinical features and complications of MI? What is Hypertension?Mention the types of HTN. MODULE XI Alimentary System pathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 507-648 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be


Unit 1 Oral Pathology Explain about oral pathology like Ulcers, leukoplakia, Carcinoma, oral cavity diseases and tumour of salivary gland and esophagus and precancerous lesions

What are leukoplakia, Carcinoma of oesophagus and precancerous lesions?

Unit 2 Esophagus pathology

Explain about esophagus pathology like Esophagus inflammatory, functional disorders and tumours.

Unit 3 Stomach pathology Describe about stomach pathology including Gastritis, Ulcer and Tumours.

What are gastritis, ulcer and tumours of stomach?

Unit 4 Small and Large Intestine pathology

Describe about tumours of small and large intestine like Polyps, carcinoid, carcinoma and Lymphoma

What are polyps?

Unit 5 Pancreatitis and pancreatic tumours

Explain about pancreatitis and pancreatic tumours including Exocrine and Endocrine type

What is pancreatitis?

Unit 6 Salivary gland tumours

Explain about salivary gland tumors including Mixed and Warthin's

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Gastritis? Mention what is treatment of Warthin tumours?


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What is Oesophagal carcinoma? Mention clinical features of GERD. What is the management of Peptic ulcer? What is lymphoma? MODULE XII Hepato- Bilary Pathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 592-648 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student


Unit 1 Jaundice Describe about jaundice, its Types, aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis

Mention types an ddiagnosis of Jaundice.

Unit 2 Hepatitis Describe about hepatitis and also Acute, Chronic and neonatal hepatitis

What is acute, chronic and neonatal hepatitis?

Unit 3 Alcoholic liver disease

Describe about alcoholic liver disease its aetio-pathgenesis and diagnosis

What is alcoholic liver disease?

Unit 4 Cirrhosis Explain about cirrhosis, Postnecrotic, Alcoholic, Metabolic and Portal hypertension

What is cirrhosis of liver?

Unit 5 Liver abscesses Explain about liver abscesses including Pyogenic, parasitic and Amoebic liver abscess

What is pyogenic liver bscess?

Unit 6 Liver tumours Explain about tumors of liver and its pathogenesis and diagnosis.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Jaundice? Mention its treatment.


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What is Alcoholic liver disease? What is fatty liver? What is the difference between Hepatitis A andHepatitis B? What is Cirrhosis of liver? Mention the tumors of liver. MODULE XIII Lymphatic system pathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 592-647 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student


Unit 1 Diseases of the gall bladder

Explain about diseases of gall bladder with etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis like Cholecystitis, Cholelithiasis and Carcinoma

Mention diseases of gall bladder.

Unit 2 Lymphadenitis Explain about lymphadenitis and also about Non specific and granulomatous lymphadenitis

What is lymphadenitis?

Unit 3 Lymph Node enlargements

Describe about Lymph Node enlargements and its causes.

Unit 4 Reactive Hyperplasia Describe about Reactive Hyperplasia What is reactive hyperplasia? Unit 5 Lymphatic Tumours Describe about lymphatic tumours including primary

tumours like Hodgkin's and Non hodgkin's Lymphomas and also Metastatic Tumours.

What is Hodkin’s lymphoma?

Unit 6 Splenic Enlargements Describe about Splenic Enlargements and its causes. SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Cholecystitis?What is Reactive hyperplasia? Write the treatment of Cholelithiasis?


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What is Hodgkin lymphoma? Explain about Spleenic enlargement and its etiology? MODULE XIV Musculoskeletal system pathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 830-859

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Osteomyelitis?What is Septic arthritis? Mention about Osteomalacia andPagets disease. What are Bone tumours? Name some of them with their treatment. What are Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid arthtitis? What is osteoporosis? MODULE XV Endocrine pathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 791-829 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be


Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to

Test question

Unit 1 Osteomyelitis Explain about osteomyelitis and also about types including acute, chronic, tuberculous and mycetoma.

What is osteomyelitis?

Unit 2 Metabolic diseases

Explain about metabolic disorders like Osteomalacia, osteoporosis, Hyperparathyroidism and Paget's disease.

What is osteomalacia?

Unit 3 Tumours Explain about classification of tumours including Benign, Malignant, Metastatic and synovial sarcoma.

What are benign and malignant tumours?

Unit 4 Arthritis Describe about arthritis and different types including Suppurative, Rheumatoid. Osteoarthritis, Gout and Tuberculous

Describe arthritis and mention its types.


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Unit 1 Diabetes Mellitus Describe about diabetes mellitus also about its types, Pathogenesis, Pathology and Laboratory diagnosis

Mention types and pathogenesis of DM.

Unit 2 Non-neoplastic lesions of Thyroid

Explain about thyroid non neoplastic lesion including Iodine deficiency goiter, autoimmune Thyroiditis, Thyrotoxicosis, myxedema and Hashimoto's thyroiditis

What is iron deficiency goiter?

Unit 3 Tumours of Thyroid Describe about thyroid tumours including primary type like Adenoma and Carcinoma like Papillary, Follicular, Medullary and Anaplastic.

Describe thyroid tumours.

Unit 4 Adrenal diseases Explain us about adrenal diseases like cortical hyperplasia, atrophy, tuberculosis, tumours of cortex and medulla

What is cortical hyperplasia?

SAMPLE QUESTION: What is Diabetes mellitus? Mention the Lab diagnosis and complications. What is Hashimoto thyroiditis?Explain about Myxedema? What is Iodine deficiency goiter? Describe Adrenal atrophy?Mention about Cortical hyperplasia. MODULE XVI Neuropathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 871-895 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the


Unit 1 Inflammations and Infections

Describe about TB Meningitis, Pyogenic Meningitis, viral meningitis. and

What is TB meningitis?

Unit 2 Brain Abscess Explain about brain abscess including Tuberculosis and Cysticercosis

What is brain abscess?

Unit 3 CNS Tumours Describe about CNS tumours like Astrocytoma, Neuroblastoma, Meningioma and Medulloblastoma

What are CNS tumours?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS:


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Define Neuritis and Meningitis. Explain about Meningioma? What is Neuroblastoma? Explain about Astrocytoma? Mention clinical features of Viral meningitis? MODULE XVII Dermatopathology Reference: Text book of pathology: Harshmohan 6th Edition pages 768-790 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to Unit 1 Skin tumors Explain about skin tumours including Squamos cell carcinoma, Basal cell carcinoma and

Melanoma. SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is Melanoma? Explain about Squamous cell carcinoma. What is Basal cell carcinoma?


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II YEAR B.P.T SUBJECT: PHARMACOLOGY


2017 - 2018


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prescribed syllabus, RGUHS 1. General Pharmacology [5 Hours] Introduction, Definitions, Classification of drugs, Sources of drugs, Routes of drug administration,Distribution of drugs, Metabolism and Excretion of drugs Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Factors modifying drug response, Adverse effects. 2. Autonomic Nervous system [5 hours] General considerations – The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems, Receptors, Somatic Nervous System Cholinergic and Anti-Cholinergic drugs, Adrenergic and Adrenergic blocking drugs, Peripheral muscle relaxants.

Sl No Topics Page no Prescribed RGUHS syllabus 157-158 Recommended text books 159 Module I 160-161 Module II 162 Module III 163-164 Module IV 165 Module V 166 Module VI 167-168 Module VII 169 Module VIII 170


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3. Cardiovascular Pharmacology [10 Hours] Drugs Used in the Treatment of Heart Failure: Digitalis, Diuretics, Vasodilators, ACE inhibitors Antihypertensive Drugs: Diuretics, Beta Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, ACE Inhibitors, Central Acting Alpha Agonists, Peripheral Alpha Antagonists, Direct acting Vasodilators Antiarrhythmic Drugs Drugs Used in the Tratment of Vascular Disease and Tissue Ischemia : Vascular Disease, Hemostasis Lipid-Lowering agents, Antithrombotics, Anticoagulants and Thrombolytics Ischemic Heart Disease – Nitrates, Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel BlockersCerebral Ischemia, Peripheral Vscular Disease 4. Neuropharmacology [8 Hours] Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs: Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines Antianxiety Drugs: Benzodiazepines, Other Anxiolytics Drugs Used in Treatment of Mood Disorders: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, Tricyclic Antidepressants, Atypical Antidepressants, Lithium Antipsychotic drugs 5. Disorders of Movement [6 Hours] Drugs used in Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Antiepileptic Drugs Spasticity and Skeletal Muscle Relaxants 6. Inflammatory/Immune Diseases [14 Hours] Non-narcotic Analgesics and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Aspirin, Nonaspirin NSAIDs, drug Interactins with NSAIDsGlucocorticoids: Pharmacological Uses of Glucocorticoids, adverse effects, Physiologic Use of Glucocorticoids Drugs Used in Treatment of Arthritic Diseases: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Gout Drugs Used in the Treatment of Neuromuscular Immune/Inflmmatory Diseases: Myasthena gravis, Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies, systemic lupus Erythmatosus, Scleroderma, Demyelinating Disease Respiratory Pharmacology: Obstructive Airway Diseases, Drugs used in Treatment of Obstructive airway Diseases, Allergic Rhinitis


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7. Digestion and Metabolism [6 Hours] Gastrointestinal Pharmacology: Peptic Ulcer Disease, Constipation, Diarrhea Drugs Used in Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin, Oral Hypoglycemics 8. Geriatrics [ 6 Hours] Pharmacology and the geriatric Population: Adverse effects of special concern in the Elderly, Dementia, Postural hypotension. List of Recommended Textbooks Sl No Name of textbooks Lippicott’s Pharmacology, 5thedition. Essential of Medical Phramacology, KD Tripathi, 5th edition Text book of Medical Pharmacology, PadmajaUdaykumar, 4thedition. Pharmacology, N.Murugesh, 7thedition. Pharmacolgy&Pharmacotherapeutics, Satoskar, 21stedition.


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DETAILED LESSON PLAN MODULE I: General Pharmacology Essential of Medical Phramacology, K.D Tripathi, 5thedition, page no. 3-70 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the

student must be able to Test questions

Unit 1 Introduction Explain about the definitions, classification of drugs and sources of drugs.

Mention classification of drugs.

Unit 2 Route and distribution List the routes of drug administration and its distribution.

Name routes of drug administration.

Unit 3 Metabolism and Excretion Describe about the metabolism and excretion of drugs

Mention metabolism of drugs.

Unit 4 Pharmacokinetics Explain about the Pharmacokinetics Unit 5 Pharmacodynamics Explain about the Pharmacodynamics Unit 6 Factors modifying drug response List the factors involving drug response Unit 7 Adverse effects Describe about the adverse effects of the drugs. Mention adverse drug

reactions. SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Mention the sublingual route of administration of drugs. What are the merits and demerits of intra muscular route of drug administration? What is pharmacodynamics? Mention adverse effects of drugs. Enumerate routes of drug administration with examples. Write the advantages and disadvantages of oral, IV and SC routes of administration.


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MODULE II Autonomic Nervous System Essential of Medical Phramacology, KD Tripathi, 5th edition, page no.71-134, 309-332 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the

lesson, the student must be able to Test question

Unit 1 General considerations Describe about the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, its receptors and somatic nervous system

Mention receptors of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.

Unit 2 Cholinergic and Anti Cholinergic drugs Explain about the cholinergic and Anti-cholinergic drugs

What are cholinergic and anti cholinergic drugs?

Unit 3 Adrenergic and Adrenergic blocking drugs

Explain about the adrenergic and adrenergic blocking drugs

What are adrenergic drugs?

Unit 4 Peripheral muscle relaxants Explain about the peripheral muscle relaxants

Mention the mechanism of action of muscle relaxants.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What are anti-cholinergic drugs? Mention about adrenergic blocking drugs. Mention the peripheral muscle relaxants. MODULE III Cardiovascular Pharmacology Essential of Medical Phramacology, KD Tripathi, 5th edition, page no: 442-520 Unit No

Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to

Test question

Unit 1 Drugs Used in the Treatment of Heart Failure

Explain us about the drugs used for heart failure like digitalis, diuretics, vasodilators and also ACE inhibitors

Mention drugs used in heart failure.


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Unit 2 Antihypertensive Drugs

Describe about the antihypertensive drugs like diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE Inhibitors, central acting alpha agonists, peripheral alpha antagonists and also direct acting vasodilators

What are anti hypertensive drugs?

Unit 3 Anti-rhythmic Drugs Explain about the Anti-rhythmic Drugs Unit 4 Drugs Used in the

Treatment of Vascular Disease

Explain about the drugs used for vascular diseases like hemostasis lipid-lowering agents, anti-thrombotics, anticoagulants and thrombolytics

Name drugs used in treatment of vascular disease.

Unit 5 Drugs used for Tissue Ischemia

Explain about the ischemic heart disease drugs like Nitrates, Beta-Blockers and Calcium Channel Blockers and also about the Cerebral Ischemia drugs

What are the drugs used in treating IHD?

Unit 6 Peripheral Vascular Disease

Explain about the Peripheral Vascular Disease drugs. Mention drugs used in treatment of PVD.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Mention drugs used in treatment of peripheral vascular diseases. Write the mechanism of action of any two of them? Explain the drugs used in treatment of heart failure and the mechanism of action? What is the action of ACE inhibitors and beta blockers? What are the uses and adverse effects of Metformine? Mention the mechanism of action of Nitrates and calcium channel blockers in treatment of ischemic heart disease? Classify antihypertensive drugs administration. Discuss mechanism of action, pharmacological action and adverse effects of angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors? MODULE IV Neuropharmacology Essential of Medical Phramacology, KD Tripathi, 5TH edition, page no: 333-368,391-441


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Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to

Test questions

Unit 1 Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

Explain about the sedative –hypnotic drugs like Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines

What are the drugs used for sedation? Mention their mode of action.

Unit 2 Antianxiety Drugs

Explain about the antianxiety drugs like Benzodiazepines and other Anxiolytics

What are the anti anxiety drugs?

Unit 3 Drugs Used in Treatment of Mood Disorders

Explain about the drugs used for mood disorders like Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, Tricyclic Antidepressants, Atypical Antidepressants and Lithium

Name drugs used in treatment of mood disorders.

Unit 4 Antipsychotic drugs

describe about antipsychotic drugs

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Mention the drugs used in the treatment of anxiety.Explain the drugs used in treating mood disorders. Describe the antipsychotic drugs. Describe the mechanism of action of Barbiturates. MODULE V Movement Disorders Essential of Medical Phramacology, KD Tripathi, 5TH edition, page no: 369-390 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student


Unit 1 Drugs used in Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

Explain about the drugs used for Parkinson’s disease Mention mechanism of action of drugs used in treating Parkinsonism.

Unit 2 Antiepileptic Drugs

Explain about the antiepileptic drugs What are anti epileptic drugs?


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Unit 3 Spasticity and Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Describe about the anti-spastic and skeletal muscle relaxants

What are anti spastic and skeletal muscle relaxants?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: What is the action of L-Dopa? Classify skeletal muscle relaxants. Discuss mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of pancuronium. Mention the uses and adverse effects of anti epileptic drugs. Describe the anti-spastic muscle relaxants. MODULE VI Inflammatory/ Immune diseases Essential of Medical Phramacology, KD Tripathi, 5TH edition, page no: 167-184, 256-265, 185-212, 71-134 Unit No

Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be able to

Test question

Unit 1 Non-narcotic Analgesics and Non steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Explain about the Non-narcotic Analgesics and Non steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs such as Acetaminophen( NSAIDs), Aspirin, Non aspirin (NSAIDs) and also the drug interactions with NSAIDs

What are the NSAIDs? Mention their mechanism of action.

Unit 2 Gluco-corticoids Explain about the Gluco corticoids and also Pharmacological Uses of Gluco corticoids, its adverse effects and Physiologic Use of Gluco corticoids

Unit 3 Drugs Used for Arthritic Diseases

Explain about the Drugs Used for Arthritic Diseases like Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis and Gout.

Mention drugs used in treating arthritic diseases.

Unit 4 Drugs used for N M Immune/Inflammatory Diseases

Explain about the Drugs Used for Neuromuscular Immune/Inflmmatory Diseases like MyastheniaGravis, Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies, systemic lupus Erythmatosus, Scleroderma and Demyelinating Disease.

Unit 5 Respiratory Pharmacology

Explain about the drugs used for Obstructive Airway Diseases and Allergic Rhinitis.

Mention drugs used in treating obstructive airway diseases.


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SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Explain about Gluco-corticoids, its pharmacological uses and adverse effects. Explain the mechanism of action of NSAIDs and their uses and adverse reactions. Mention the drug reactions of aspirin and its adverse reactions. Uses and adverse effects of Salmeterol and Hydrocortisone. Nasal decongestants and their adverse effects. MODULE VII Digestion and metabolism Essential of Medical Phramacology, KD Tripathi, 5th edition 587-626 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must

be able to Test questions

Unit 1 Gastrointestinal Pharmacology

Explain about the drugs used in Gastrointestinal diseases like peptic ulcers disease, constipation and diarrhoea.

Unit 2 Drugs Used in Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Explain about the drugs Used for Diabetes Mellitus such as insulin and oral hypoglycaemic drugs

What are the drugs used in treating DM? Mention their mechanism of action.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Mention the drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, their uses and adverse reactions. What are the drugs used in the treatment of constipation? Mention their mechanism of action. Explain the drugs used in treatment of DM, mechanism of action and adverse reactions. Write a note on insulin preparation. Uses and adverse effects of Rantidine.


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MODULE VIII Geriatrics Essential of Medical Pharmacology, KD Tripathi, 5TH edition, page no: 435-440 Unit No Lesson name Learning objectives- at the end of the lesson, the student must be


Unit 1 Pharmacology and the geriatric Population

Explain about the pharmacology and the geriatric Population and also about the adverse effects with concern of elderly population, dementia and postural hypotension.

What are the adverse effects of drugs used in treatment of elderly, dementia and hypotension?

SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Briefly mention pharmacokinetic changes in geriatric population. Mention the drugs to be avoided in the elderly. Mention the reason for the same. What are the adverse effects of drugs used in the treatment of postural hypotension? Describe the drugs used in the treatment of dementia, mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects.


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Documents

JSS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPYjssphysiotherapy.edu.in/assets/documents/iqac/2nd_year_lesson_plan.pdfJSS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY . 2017. JSSCPT Page 3 . SCOPE OF BPT GRADUATES A graduate