JUDAISM BC LOCATION Between PALESTINE Philistines They lived in Palestine --> nomadic people CANAAN ancient home of the Hebrew later called THE JEWS Like the Aryans. Everyone needs a home! By land Palestine connected Egypt and Asia. Mediterranean and Red Seas ACCORDING TO OUR BIBLE Canaan was the land God had promised the HEBREW PEOPLE> THE TORAH Early history of the Hebrews found in THE TORAH (Hebrew Bible) IN OUR BIBLE The Torah is part of the OLD TESTATMENT (THE FIVE BOOKS OF MOSES) Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy SACRED WRITINGS!!!!! ABRAHAM In the Torah, God chose ABRAHAM to be the father of the Hebrew People Shepard in Ur, in Mesopotamia God commanded him to move his people from Ur to Canaan. (1800 BC) God = YAHWEH UNLIKE EVERYONE ELSE HEBREWS WERE MONOTHEISTIC. Mutual Promise between Yahweh and his people = COVENANT (agreement) At this time. The Hebrews were roaming. They went to Egypt drought and famine. Later forced into Slavery LET MY PEOPLE GO!!!! THE EXODUS (Passover) Who lead this exodus?? MOSES!!!! Born in Egypt At the time Egyptian Pharaoh felt threatened by Hebrews Every Hebrew male baby to be killed! Moses mother hid him Found, adopted When God/Yahweh, commanded him to lead the Jews out of Egypt he DID!! (You go Moses!) Hebrews were on the move Moses went to pray on Mt. Sinai (SY-NY) God spoke to him The Ten Commandments God promised to protect the Hebrews. They promised to keep his commandments. Thus we have a: NEW COVENANT WANDERING FOR 40 YEARS!! SO LONG!! Settled finally in Canaan no longer nomadic 12 tribes with judges DEBORAH prominent judge, a woman CODE OF LAWS similar to Hammurabis Code Included ten commandments and other laws AN EYE FOR AN EYE Told to us by the PROPHETS ACT RIGHT & WORSHIP GOD Simple, right? Okay moving on then! THESE 12 TRIBES UNITE WITH AN ARMY. Judah was one of the biggest tribes Thus why Hebrews were called Jews and the religion JUDAISM. United under: King Saul. UNITING in one kingdom called: ISRAEL After Sauls Death Son-in-law DAVID Very popular Established JERUSALEM as the Capital of Israel He dies. Followed by his son: SOLOMON THE MOST POWERFUL OF THE HEBREW KINGS. WHY? Built a trading empire. Built a magnificent temple. TO GLORIFY GOD OF COURSE! THE KINGDOM DIVIDES.. All of this stuff going on COSTS MONEY TAXES People werent happy. After Solomons death the kingdom divides!! 922 BC ISRAEL in the north JUDAH in the south Both end up LOSING!! Israel and Judah lose their independence Israel to the ASSYRIANS Who were the Assyrians? Judah eventually falls to the BABYLONIANS NEBUCHADNEZZAR Babylonian king Jerusalem falls people forced to relocate to Babylon Cyrus the Great Conquers Babylon allows Jews to return to Jerusalem OTHER EMERGING EMPIRES: Persians, Greeks and Romans.