Kajovic.E Brze Železnice

8/19/2019 Kajovic.E Brze Železnice

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DRZAVNI UNIVERZITET STATE UNIVERSITY OFU NOVOM PAZARU NOVI PAZAR

UL.VUKA KARADZIĆA BB, 36000 NOVI PAZAR, SRBIJArektr!t"#$.!%.r& '#()*#$"+!.%-

e/ !re&&1 .#$.!%.r&Br2 tee4#!1 537 80 379 9:;

SEMINARSKI RAD

OSNOVI SAOBRAĆAJNICA

BRZE ŽELEZNICE

DEPARTMAN ZA TEHNIČKE NAUKE

ODSEK: GRAĐEVINARSTVO

STUDENTI 1 MENTOR:

ERSAN KAJOVIĆ Dr.Sc NAZIM

MANIĆ

000!"#!0$"

NOVI PAZAR

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mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.np.ac.rs/http://www.np.ac.rs/mailto:[email protected]://www.np.ac.rs/mailto:[email protected]


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Sadržaj:7 U)....................................................................................................................................3

8 K!&(#(%e...............................................................................................................;

3 I&tr(&k( r!>)2....................................................................................................................:

3.7 R!#! (&tr!=()!#2!..........................................................................................................:

3.7.7 R!#! (&tr!=()!#2! ' Ne-!(#!-!...........................................................................6

3.8 J!$!#&k! (&tr!=()!#2! ( r!>)2.......................................................................................9

3.3 E)'%(2! ' E)r$(........................................................................................................

3.3.7 Fr!#%'&k( T?V......................................................................................................

3.; R!>)2 ' K(#(...............................................................................................................@

; Mre=e /r>( =ee>#(%!.......................................................................................................70

: Pr'e >! /r>e )>)e........................................................................................................70

:.7 K#&tr'k%(2! (#!........................................................................................................70

:.8 N!-e#&ke &t!>e..........................................................................................................77

:.3 Pre#&t( /r>( $r'! ' #&' #! &t!#!r#e1..........................................................78

:.; S(&te- e)(t!%(2e.........................................................................................................73

:.: ?!/!r(t $r'e..............................................................................................................7;

6 L(ter!t'r!...........................................................................................................................76

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1 Uvod

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2 Klasične železnice

U E#e&k2, $&e St()e#&#) (>'-! %-t()e 70;. (#e, 89. Se$te-/r! 78:.

(#e 2e $'te#! ' &er)(& $r'! (>-e' Stkt#! ( D!r(#t#!. V'( &' !# k&ek!.

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'#'tr!#2e $)e>()!#2e >#!!# k&ek! &' &$re#e.

N! )> e'2' &eeCe &$2#e &(e1• )'!'&t!)# $'t!.

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tere# ( $&t!)( #()eet! #!k k!k 2e $r2ekt)!#!.

U r#2( &tr2 $r'e &$!!2' k&e%(, &kret#(%e, kret#(%e ( $re#(%e. Pt 2e k&ek

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( k&e!&tr &$!!2', t!ke ' r#2( &tr2.

S/#( $r4( $r'e $re&t!)2! $r&tr (>#! k&ek! ' k-e #e &-e ! &e #!!>( #(k!k)!

$re$rek! k2! /( -et!! kret!#2e )>! k-t()! ( )!#!.

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3 Istoriski razvoj

ee>#(%e &' $r)( /(k /r> >e-2(# tr!#&$rt! ( (-!! 2e e4(k!&!# -#$ #!

$'t#()2! -tr# )>(! ( !)(#! &re(#- )!e&et )ek!. Br>(#! 2e

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)re-e $'t)!#2!. ee>#((

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k 700 k-G.

3.1 Rana istraživanja

3.1.1 Rana istraživanja u Nemačkoj

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2e !er(#!-(e, kr(&t( J!k/& $kret#e $!t4r-e #ek(

;9 (#! $re $2!)e T?V!.

Slika 2. Nemački Fliegenfer Hamburger

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' 2'#' 7@36. Z! '&'' (> Ber(#! Dre>e#!, &! -!k&(-!#- /r>(#- 760 k-G.

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&)et&k r!t!.

3.1.2 Rana istraživanja u Americi

D!#! 86. M!2! 7@3;., (#' !#! #!k# ')e#2! F(ee#er !-/'rer, B'r(#t#

=ee>#(%! $&t!)2! rekr ' $r&e(#( #! )e(ke '!2e#&t( &! #2()(- #)(-

'#!$ree#(- )>- Ze$+r #! 78; k-G &! -!k&(-!#- /r>(#- 7:k-G. Ze$+r 2e

#!$r!)2e# #er!2'Ce (#( &! $r&e H(%! M(##e!$(&, &! $r&e(#- 707 k-G.

Slika 3. o! "e#$%r

3.1.3 Prvi rekordi u velikim rzinama

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Brze železnice

$'t $re)!>(e# 2e 300 k-G, -'C!)!2'C( (e2' re)#( '&'! )e-! )e(ke /r>(#e ! &e

r!>)(2!.

Slika &. Lokomoti'a CC (1))

3.2 !a"anska istraživanja i razvoj

S! k ;: -((#! 2'( k2( =()e ' '&t #!&e2e#- Tk(2' >!'e#2! #! $'t' (

=ee>#(%!-! $&t!! &' >/(2!# $r/e- $&e Dr' &)et&k r!t!, ! 2!$!#&k! )!! $/(2# ! r!>-(2! #)(- /r>(- $r'!-!.

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Brze železnice

Br>(#! 2e /(! &!- e S(#k!#&e# re)'%(2e. N!k# tr( (#e )(e 700 -((#! $'t#(k!

2e &kr(&t( )e )>)e, ! $rekret#(%! $r)( -((2!r' $'t#(k! 2e $&t(#'t 7@96.

3.3 #volucija u #vro"i

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Slika (. / Class 1)3

7@99 (#e Ne-!!2#(r!#! >! 8:0 k-G &! )>)(-! FS E;;;.

3.3.1 $rancuski %&'

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>!/ee=e#( &-rt#( &'


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T?V kr(&t( $&e/#e (#e k2( &' #!-e#&k( r!e#e. Z! r!>(k' /((#e,

$'te#! /r>(#! #! /(( #! /! t($! (#!, ! $r( $re!&k'

kr('2e /r>(#'. O)e (#e &' ' kr()(#!-! 'r!e#e $ #!k#-, ! &-!#2e e4ek!t r!(2!#e&(e.

Slika 0. Francuski

3.( Razvoj u Kini

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'=(#( @6 k- .

8: e%e-/r! 8078. (#e, K(#! 2e t)r(! #!2'=' (#(2' /r>( $r'! #! &)et' 880 k-

Pek(#! Se#>e#!.

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( )reže rzi* železnica

370Q380 k-G 890Q300 k-G 8:0 k-G800Q830 k-G U (>r!#2( Dr'e $r'e

Slika . /r!e lini+e u 4'ro#i

+ Pru,e za rze vozove

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Or((#!# L?V (#e& r!#e )(te&&e Q (#(2e >! )e(ke /r>(#e &' >!-(2e#e k! $r'e &!

>)2e#- /r>(#- )eC- 800 k-G.

+.1 Konstrukcija -ina

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K#&tr'k%(2! L?V 2e &()( $re( $rek #2( )eC- /r>(#- /e> $)eC!)!#2!

%e#tr(4'!#e &(e #! $'t#(ke. R!(2'& L?V! 2e /( )eC( ; k-, k #)e (#e (-!2'

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P!r(&S'E&t L?V (-! '&$# ( 3.:. Pre%(>#&t (#! 2e )eC! #e #! /('.

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S(#k!#&e# )>)e. U&e(e &' Fr!#%'&k!, >!t(- Ne-!! $rk'

#)(- /r>(- )>)(-!.

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&e eektr(e, J!$!# ( K(#! /(e (#(2e #!

$)(e#(- )(2!'kt(-!. K )( /r>( (#(2! (>/e!)!2' &e $!e kr()(#e k2e &-!#2'2'

/r>(#'.

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Slika 1). /r!a lini+a na 'i+a-uktu

Slika 11. Nemačka 5ele!nica 'elike br!ine sa sta!om na betonskim #ločama

U Fr!#%'&k2, /r>e $r'e kr(&te &t!#!r#( k&ek $$'t &t!tk! -re=e.

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! $r'e k2e r!e #! /r>(#!-! 300 k-G &!- >! $re)> $'t#(k!.

+.3 Prednosti rzi* "ru,a u odnosu na standardne

• /r=(,

• e4(k!(2(,

• r-#e 'tee e#er(2e,

• &-!#2'2e tet' $ =()t#' &re(#',

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• #'( $r!kt( -'ke (( k!#2e#2!,

• &$!!)! =()te ;3000A-er(k!#!%! '-re &)!ke (#e ' &!/r!C!2#(- #e&reC!-!.

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R!>(k! (>-e' #!( $r'! ( /r>( $r'! ' &)et' &(k! 78 ( 73.

Slika12./r!a #ruga u 6ini Slika 13.Pruga u Srbi+i Ni78"a+ečar

+.( /istem levitacije

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e)(t!%(2' &e $'#2'2'.

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Slika 1&. Polo5a+ magneta

Slika 1*. Presek 'o!a sa #olo5a+em magneta !a 'o9en+e i #ot#oru

+.+ &aarit "ru,e

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k&2ek- /e> &-et#2(.

Slika1,. Presek br!e #ruge

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Slika1(. Presek br!e #ruge

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0 iteratura

7. Aek&!#!r H)et!#)(%, O)( &!/r!C!2#(%!, Ber!.8.Ae#, ?e44re+ Free-!#, Te r& F!&te&t Tr!(#&1 Fr- te Ae 4 Ste!- t te

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