Kandahar Logic Model Development

8/14/2019 Kandahar Logic Model Development

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Inayet Hadi and Doug McBee

Professor Deserai Crow

Pad 5005 Sec.001The Policy Process and Democracy

Logic Model Development

Problem Definition

The reconstruction of the economic infrastructure in Kandahar Province,

Afghanistan has decreased significantly since 2005. This has created many problems such

as historically high unemployment, decreased living standard, and increased public moral

issues. The foreign aid that is available, is not being spent to address these problemsbecause of the over reliance of foreign contractors who are price gouging, and not using

local resources or labor. Government corruption is also hampering the delivery of

government services and rebuilding efforts.

.Community Needs

Without improved economic infrastructure in key areas of the Province a humancrisis is inevitable. Currently, Kandahars labor force is minimally trained due to thirty

years of instability caused by the Russian invasion, the subsequent civil war, and the

Taliban rule. Eighty percent of the population is predominately tied to the agriculture

sector. Because of the lack of access to alternative viable income, some of the citizens ofKandahar are turning to growing, harvesting, and transforming the poppy plant into a

tradeable commodity used in exchanging for consumable products and services from the

international community.A major incentive to grow poppies is based on the existing poor infrastructure of

dams, water canals and pumping stations. They lack capacity to supply licit crops withenough water to grow. On the other hand, the poppy plant requires less water to growand become harvestable with little effort as compared with most food crops such as corn,

wheat, rice, and etc... Financing for growing poppies is plentiful from the private sector

while financial assistance to the average farmer to grow licit crop is nonexistent either inthe private or public sector.

The foreign aid that is available for the reconstruction of Kandahar Province has

been given to foreign contractors or stolen by corrupt officials. The work projects that are

taking place have little oversight or accountability either by the Kandahar government orthe local citizens. In most cases, local contractors are not aware that a contract is been

awarded and what the stipulations of the contract are. Furthermore, there are no job

training programs to address and fill the gaps that are hindering the reconstruction ofKandahar. As a consequence, the lack of skilled labor has had a negative impact on the

local economy. Most foodstuff items and other nonperishable goods are imported and

supplied from outside the Province.

Desired Results

The desired result for the citizens of Kandahar Provinces is to create sustainable

employment opportunities that rebuild the publics infrastructure to encourage the private

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sector to rehabilitate existing factories, and build new ones with a trained local

workforce. While keeping in mind the Kandahar tradition of farming and agriculture, the

infrastructure to support this sector needs to be revived, repaired and improved. Thiswould maximize licit crop output, and allow for growth and distribution of fruits such as

grapes, pomegranates and nuts like pistachios which are local favorites.

To limit the over dependence on importing foods that can be grown locally willhelp Kandahar have the ability necessary to have a sustainable economy. The improved

agriculture infrastructure must be dedicated to accomplishing this goal. To keep farmers

from continuing to plant poppies, local and international law enforcement agenciesshould use a variety of policy tools available that have been successful in other regions.

These should include inducements and penalties that would limit and prohibit the

cultivation of poppies in Kandahar.

Influential factors

The reasons that infrastructure reconstruction has stalled are easy to state but

difficult to overcome. Growing poppies brings in greater profit than food crops.

Insurgents still threaten local citizens who are friendly to the Allied forces. The Americantroops are still fighting the Taliban, AlQuida and chase rumors of Osama Bin Ladin

through out the country. Both the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), andthe U.S. led Operations Enduring Freedom have both refrained from being directly

involved in the eradication of poppy fields.

With the arrival of foreign contractors and humanitarian aid workers, greed and

corruption of the local government has become an accepted way of doing business. .The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) for the next fiscal

year will provide direct funding to the central government of Afghanistan in order to

distribute to local governments. The opening of the European Union and United Statesmarkets for Afghanistan agriculture products will help in the successes of creating a

sustainable economy in Kandahar Province.

Strategies

Kandahar citizens need to be employed and could easily be utilized to rebuild the

infrastructure. The best way to encourage economic growth is to let the communitydevelopment councils (CDCs) already established throughout the Kandahar Province

decide how to allocate the funding to meet their needs for a strong economy. They could

decide what is important for their economic growth, and then provide financial assistance

directly from the CDCs while ensuring that funds are allocated in a transparent andaccountable manner. Support the Afghan National Police coordinated with CDCs to

eradicate the poppy fields in Kandahar.

Assumptions

The average citizen is more invested in his country than foreign labors. Skill

based training could be implemented at a minimal cost to address many of the labor tradeissues. Existing factories when repaired will produce basic goods manufactured in local

factories thus creating jobs for the citizens of Kandahar. Once the agriculture

infrastructure is repaired the dams and canals could again have water flow sufficient to

contribute to increased agriculture output and trade. There is recognition by the

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international community in Afghanistan that reconstruction efforts must be expedited in

order to win hearts and minds of the local citizens. This program can become effective in

addressing the need because of the Afghan value of, "work like a slave, but eat like aKing." It means it is better to earn a living through work then it is to earn a living by

begging.

Strategies Assumptions

* Working with the newly

formed community

development councils (CDC)established in the various

districts of Kandahar province

to regenerate licit economicactivity.

-Funding should be

given to realizable and non-corrupt CDC that can be held

accountable in a transparent

manner.- Minimize the number

of government bureaucratic

channels or middlemen that

can influence the distributionof financial aid.

* Support police units in

consultation with CDC toeradicate poppy fields.

* Fixing local infrastructure in Kandahar province will allow trade to

increase.

* The average citizen would be more invested in their country than foreign

labor.

* Unemployment will decrease when the average Kandahar citizen is

giving the opportunity to work.

* Afghan value, "work like a slave, but eat like a King." It means it is

better to earn a living through work then it is to earn a living by begging.

*Recognition by international community that reconstruction efforts must

be expedited.

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Influential Factors

*Fighting amongst

he various actors

continue in Kandaharprovince.

*International

ecurity forces are not

nvolved with

eradicating poppyfields.

*U.S./E.U. havegiven special

preference to Afghan

goods, and providesfinancial support to

export Afghan

agriculture products

o foreign markets.

*USAID will give

direct financial aid tohe Afghan

government, instead

of internationalcontractors.

Problem or Issue*Reconstruction has decreased

significantly in the KandaharProvince of Afghanistan since

2005.

- Unemployment remainshistorically high.

- Foreign aid is not being

spent on reconstruction project.

- Corruption of governmentofficial is rampant on all levels.

- Foreign contractors are

price gouging, and not usinglocal resources or labor.

Community Needs/Assets

*Kandahar citizens are living inpoverty, and subsisting on

products and services purchased

and produced outside ofKandahar.

*Agriculture infrastructure isseverely damaged as a result of

the Russian invasion and thecivil war.

* The lack of information by

Kandahars business

community of contracts beingawarded and implemented.

Desired Results (out uts,*Kandahar citizens need to be

employed, and could be utilized torebuilt the public infrastructure.

*Existing factories need to berepaired and expanded.

*Agriculture infrastructure needs

be cleaned and repaired to maximoutput.

* Local food crops should be growand dependence on importation

limited.

*Poppy cultivation should be

discouraged by economic incentiv

and law enforcements.

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Kandahar Logic Model Development