KA R L M A R X , K I E R K E G A A R D

PHILOSOPHER’S INFLUENCE ON CAMUS

KARL MARX (1818-1883)

• -The father of Communism• -Persecuted from country to

country because of his published ideas• -Relied on his friend

Friedrich Engels• -A failed revolutionary

during his lifetime, however his beliefs led to a worldwide social revolution

INFLUENCE ON CAMUS

• Camus grew up fatherless and in a time of political confusion• Directly influenced Camus and he hated the ideas

of Lenin and Stalin• Joined the Algerian Communist Party to work with

other socialists

FRIEDRICH NIETZCHE (1844-1900)

• German Philosopher• Born in small German village• Orthodox Lutheran family

• Studied philology• Teaching

• Ill Health• Anti-religious works(On the Origin

of Moral Feelings 1877, Gay Science 1882)

• Mental breakdown 1889• Died August 25th, 1900 of

pneumonia

PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCE

Atheism•“God is dead” –The Madman• Losing faith of god will lead to more freedom in

development of moral concepts• Moral and spiritual responsibilities

Meaning of life•“Will to power”• Gaining will

•Suffering• “profundity, secret, mask, spirit, cunning, greatness—was

it not granted to it through suffering, through the discipline of great suffering?”

KIEKEGAARD

• Religion (Christianity)His writing: about the value

of sin, guilt, suffering and individual responsibility

Christian faith is not an opposition of church dogma, it is an individual passion

Father of the absurdity : absurdity of certain religious truth prevent people from believing god.

INFLUENCE ON CAMUS

• Influence on Camus:He absorbed Kierkegaard’s thought in collegeHis works emphasize that happiness is fleetingHuman is mortal, death is the ultimate context of

lifeAbsurdity: -human life is meaningless• -conflict between desire for

rationality and the irrationality that plays in our life• -each person have to overcome it

by the leap of faith

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• "Søren Kierkegaard (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kierkegaard/>.

• "Albert Camus - Philosopher - Biography." The European Graduate School - Graduate & Postgraduate Studies Progam - Saas Fee, Switzerland. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://www.egs.edu/library/albert-camus/biography/>.

• "Camus, Albert [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]." Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://www.iep.utm.edu/camus/>.

• "Camus, Albert [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]." Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://www.iep.utm.edu/camus/#SH5a>.

• Denneson, Travis J. "Society and the Individual in Nietzsche's The Will to Power." Secular Web: Atheism, Agnosticism, Naturalism, Skepticism and Secularism. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/travis_denneson/power.html>.

• "Friedrich Nietzsche." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nietzsche/#FinWri188>.

• "God Is Dead: Facts, Discussion Forum, and Encyclopedia Article." AbsoluteAstronomy.com. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/God_is_dead>.

• Hibberd, Dominic. "World Wars: Wilfred Owen Audio Gallery." BBC. Web. 11 Jan. 2011. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/wilfred_owen_gallery.shtml>.

• "Nietzsche." Philosophy Pages. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://www.philosophypages.com/hy/5v.htm>.• Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nietzsche-moral-political/>.• Simkin, John. "Wilfred Owen." Spartacus Educational. Web. 11 Jan. 2011.

<http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jowen.htm>.• Wilde, Robert. "Wilfred Owen - a Biography of Wilfred Owen." European History-The History of Europe. Web. 11 Jan. 2011.

<http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/poetrysongsofww1/a/biowowen.htm>.•