Keeping Europe’s Lights On – European Perspective on Nuclear · Nuclear Nuclear Supporters Opponents Countries currently considering their nuclear future 1. Fragile balance of

Keeping Europe’s Lights On – European Perspective on Nuclear

Yves Desbazeille FORATOM Director General

Warsaw, 20.11.2018

www.foratom.org | [email protected] |

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NUCLEAR IN THE EU


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Nuclear energy in the EU

26% ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION

50% LOW-CARBON ELECTRICITY

Presenter

Presentation Notes


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New build in the EU – construction & plans

Countries preparing or considering new build*:

Bulgaria Czech Republic Finland France Hungary Poland Romania Slovenia UK

*Source: European Commission’s PINC, May 2017

- nuclear power plants under construction

- nuclear projects being developed or planned

Nuclear power plants under construction

Countries preparing or considering new build


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Current EU landscape

Nuclear Opponents

Nuclear Supporters

Countries currently considering their nuclear future

1. Fragile balance of power (pro-nuclear countries vs. anti-nuclear)

2. Many EU states have recently announced their plans to invest in or continue using nuclear energy:

3. Each MS has the right to choose nuclear as part of

its energy mix in line with the objectives of the Euratom Treaty.

4. Brexit

• Bulgaria • Czech Republic • Finland • Hungary • Poland

• Romania (as the next Presidency of the EU announced that it will focus on nuclear energy)

• UK


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KEY BENEFITS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY


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Security of energy supply Reliable, dispatchable & cost-effective Economic growth

Knowledge & education EU energy & climate goals

Key benefits of nuclear


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Current state of play

*Source: European Commission, EU Energy Security Strategy, 2014

Import of energy: • EU imports 54% of energy

• oil - 90%, gas - 69%, solid fuels - 42%

Key challenges: • External suppliers - mostly gas • New projects - Nord Stream II

Costs: • €1 billion per day

– EU external energy bill • €300 billion – import of

crude oil & oil products to EU

Affected countries: • Every Member State -

in particular the Baltics &

Eastern Europe

Examples: • 6 MSs depend from Russia (gas supply)

• Russia & Norway supply: +50% of gas & +40% of oil

• Algeria is the EU’s third-largest energy supplier

Additional challenges: • Energy demand

worldwide - increase by 27% by 2030

Presenter

Presentation Notes


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Security of energy supply

“The aggregate stock level at the end of 2016 could fuel EU utilities’ nuclear power reactors – on average –

for 3 years” Euratom Supply Agency, 2016

EU external energy bill represents more than

€1 billion per day

Total value of imported uranium to the EU

€2 billion per year

Quantity of fuel necessary to produce a given amount of electricity


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Nuclear = reliable, dispatchable & cost-effective

Reliable • Only low-carbon source of energy which is reliable, working

24/7, 365 days per year.

Dispatchable • Nuclear energy can be used on demand and dispatched at the

request of grid operators based on their needs

Cost-effective • Operate at a high capacity for up to 60 years, keeping overall lifetime costs low. • Price for electricity covers the whole lifecycle • All environmentally-related costs are factored into the price of plants


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Boosting economy

The European nuclear industry has a turnover of around €70

billion per year.

According to the OECD NEA, some 200,000 job-years of employment are created by

each 1 GW of nuclear capacity constructed.

It equals around 500 jobs per 1TWh (whole lifecycle)

• Nuclear energy already generates hundreds jobs in Poland (PGE EJ1, NCBJ, subcontractors, etc.).

• Based on estimations, there are 300 companies in Poland which have potential to get involved in the Polish project.

• Polish companies have extensive experience: • Olkiluoto 3 – up to 2 000

Polish workers from 25 companies.

• Polish companies also recently involved in projects in Belarus, France, Russia & Ukraine.


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Knowledge & innovation EU energy & climate goals



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Knowledge & innovation • Post-Graduate & Master’s degrees at the best

Spanish universities in cooperation with the industry.

•Exemplary courses: •European Master of Science in Nuclear Fusion and Engineering Physics (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)

•Master Course in Nuclear Engineering and Applications (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid)

•Master's Degree in Nuclear Technology and Instrumentation (Universidad de Huelva)

•Master's Degree in Sustainable Energy Engineering (Universidad Politécnica del País Vasco)

Knowledge Example: Spain

• Developing and implementing technologically advanced projects & accelerating the transfer of technologies.

• Examples: •British government invests in a £250 million nuclear R&D programme.

•It also works on an SMR Delivery Roadmap •EU funds to support research in nuclear (Horizon & Euratom).

•Activities by the National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL) & The Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (Nuclear AMRC)

•JET project Innovation

Example: UK


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Knowledge & innovation EU energy & climate goals



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EU Energy Policy Focus

Cutting GHG

emissions

Limiting the number

of fossil fuel power

plants

Contribution to the Paris Agreement

Robust EU-ETS system

Affordable energy for consumers

New opportunities

for growth and jobs

Security of energy supply

Reducing dependence on energy imports

Increasing the share of RES

Helping RES integrate into the system (network stability & flexibility)

EU Energy Policy & COP24

ROLE FOR NUCLEAR


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Two energy pathways

CO2 per capita electricitymap.org Sweden (nuclear share 40%)

on track to meet its 2020 EU climate goals

Germany (nuclear share 12%)

will miss its 2020 EU climate goals by a wide margin


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EUROPEAN NUCLEAR INDUSTRY VISION


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FORATOM foresees the need to increase the total installed capacity from 120 GW today to around 140-150 GW by 2050.

FORATOM’s “Pathways to 2050” study

Low and High scenario generation outlook

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Low High Low High Low High Low High Low High Low High Low High

2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Gen

erat

ion

(TW

h)

Other Coal Gas CCGT OCGT

Oil Nuclear Other RES Hydro Solar

Wind DSR PS P2G Batteries

+10%

5%

3%

79%

13%

+8%

24%

2%

60%

14%

Nuclear

Thermal

vRES

Storage

cRES

Presenter

Presentation Notes

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Study: new nuclear capacity needed

114 GW reduction in nuclear power capacity = additional 535 GW capacity needed in 2050, including 415 GW of renewables

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Study: nuclear helps meet climate goals

Nuclear energy has one of the lowest climate impacts of any energy

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Study: energy prices decrease thanks to nuclear

• Limited nuclear investments would increase power prices. • The volatility of power prices may significantly increase driven by increasing renewables penetration.

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Study: nuclear energy = jobs

Lifecycle of nuclear power plants is much longer than the lifecycle of other low-carbon energy sources (wind turbines usually last around 20 years).


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POLAND AS PART OF THE EU NUCLEAR FAMILY


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Nuclear = security of energy supply

Nuclear = reliable, dispatchable & cost-effective source of energy

Nuclear = economic growth at national & local level

Nuclear = transfer of knowledge, innovation & education

Nuclear helps meet EU climate & energy targets

Making the case for nuclear in Poland


Thank you

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Keeping Europe’s Lights On – European Perspective on Nuclear · Nuclear Nuclear Supporters Opponents Countries currently considering their nuclear future 1. Fragile balance of