Keith Webster University Librarian & Director of Learning Services Topic 8 第八讲： Virtual and Physical Libraries in the 21st Century: Challenges for Library

Keith WebsterUniversity Librarian & Director of Learning Services

Topic 8 第八讲：

Virtual and Physical Libraries in the 21st Century: Challenges for Library Leaders

Future of Libraries: International Trends

图书馆的未来：全球趋势

Strategic directions 策略性导向

“ A university is defined by the quality of its academic conversations, not by the technologies that service them.” “ 一所大学的价值是建基于其学术对话的素质，而非服务其群体的科技。”

Diana Laurillard

“The university is faced with supercomplexity… it has to become a new kind of organisation and live by the uncertainty principle.” “大学正面对极其复杂的情况……它要成为一种新型的机构并在不明确的原则下生存。”

Ron Barnett

OUTLINE 纲要 Global trends 全球趋势 Learning, teaching and research 学习、教

学和研究 Professional practice and technology 专业

应用与科技 Higher/tertiary education 高等 / 大学教育 Big issues in (research) libraries 图书馆 ( 有

关研究 ) 的重大问题 Planning in practice: UQL’s strategic plan

实际的计划：昆士兰大学图书馆的策略性计划

Mis

sio

n 使

命

Infr

astr

uct

ure

基本

建设

Val

ues

价值

Inte

rnal

m

anag

emen

t

内

部管

理

Specific institutional

Trends特定的院校趋势

Government education policy

政府教育政策

Technology and professional practice

科技与专业应用

Teaching, learning and research

学习、教学和研究

LIBRARY 图书馆

Learning, teaching and research学习、教学和研究 Diverse and changing student population

多元化和不断改变的学生人口 E-learning 电子化学习 Changing patterns of learning and teaching

不断改变的学习和教学模式 Services to business and community 服务

商界与社会 Collaborative and interdisciplinary research

协作和跨学科研究 Research quality assessment 研究素质评核 Scholarly communication 学术沟通

Technology and professional practice: service trends 科技与专业应用：服务趋势Empowering users 授权予读者

Timely, responsive services 适时有回应的服务Full range of services 完备的服务Greater use of self-service 多使用自助服务

Service quality 服务素质Distance services 遥距服务Information literacy 信息素养Reference services 咨询服务

Technology and professional practice: organisation trends 科技与专业应用：服务趋势 Strategic planning 策略性计划 Changing library processes 改变图书馆程序 Outsourcing 外包 Continuous evaluation of service objectives

持续评估服务目标 Consortial activities 馆际联办活动

Technology and professional practice: resource trends 科技与专业应用：资源趋势

Financial pressures 财政压力 Future staffing 未来人员安排 Shape of collections 馆藏情况 Flexible buildings 弹性建筑 Measures of success 衡量成果

Technology and professional practice: technology trends 科技与专业应用：科技趋势

Emerging standards 新兴标准 Integrated and digital library systems 综合数码

化图书馆系统 Need for additional systems support 额外的系统

支援需要 Interconnection with many systems 多系统的互

相连接 Managed/virtual learning environments 管控的

／虚拟学习环境 Wireless networks 无线网络 Social networking 社交连网

Global trends in higher education高等教育的全球趋势

•Academic freedom 学术自由•Research and teaching 研究和教学•Massification 大规模•Higher SSRs 更高的 SSRs•Reduced funding 减少资助•Diverse entry routes 多元化的进入途径

•Credit transfer 学分互换•Flexible enrolment and progress 弹性招生和过程•Online delivery and interaction 线上传送和互动•Partnerships 伙伴•Focus on graduate skills and attributes 着眼于毕业生的技术和特质

Fit with library budgets 配合图书馆预算 Local value budgets; international value

prices 本地币值预算；国际币值价格 Proliferation of electronic resources 电子资

源膨胀 Prioritising content and access

mechanisms 为内容及使用方法排列优次 Demand for print and electronic 要求印刷与

电子资源并重 Licensing issues in collaborative climate

在协作环境中的用户权问题

Supplier Pressure 供应商压力

E + print - volume rising and combination 10% more expensive 印刷与电子资源并增共存涨幅10%

Journal inflation >5% 期刊价涨幅 >5%

On-line products reducing need for physical access 线上产品减少读者使用实物的需要

But continued demand for print – and growing volume of print published 但读者仍需印刷品 — 更多印刷品出版

New & Tougher Competition 新的和更激烈的竞争

New players developing services quickly 新对手快速发展服务

Electronic resources competing 电子资源在竞争

Increasing competition for $ 加剧对 $ 的竞争

More competition for user time 争取更多读者的时间

Changing Customer Needs 读者需要不断改变

Researchers demanding instant ‘e’ access – in many cases 24/7 研究人员需要即时使用电子资源 — 大多是一周七天二十四小时

Students demanding fast response & navigation 学生要求快速回应及导航

All our customers have higher expectations 我们所有读者都期望越来越高

Funding Pressure 拨款压力

Flat-capped funding (i.e. no inflation) 压抑拨款 ( 即不计算通胀 )

Special funding only for non-core activities (with additional cost) 只为非核心活动提供特别拨款 ( 还需额外费用 )

Competing demands for funding across university 大学内不同需求互相竞争

Strategic challenges we face 我馆面对的问题

Library responses: services 图书馆回应：服务 Information literacy for academics and students 学

者和学生的信息素养 Support for e-learning and distance study 支援电子

学习和遥距学习 Support all areas of academic activity 支援所有范畴

的学术活动 Support for e-research 支援电子研究 24 x 7 services 24 x 7 服务 Instant access and customisation 即用和度身订造 Space planning 空间策划

Library responses: collections图书馆回应：馆藏 Dominance of electronic access 电子渠道使

用馆藏的优势 Maintain print collections 维持印刷馆藏 Strong links between different information

formats 不同资讯方式之间的强大联系 Understanding and advising on scholarly

communication trends 了解并建议学术沟通的趋势

Library responses: collaboration图书馆回应：协作 Relationship with other academic services

与其他学院服务的关系 Partnerships with academic departments

与其他学院部门的伙伴关系 Library consortia 图书馆集团 Private sector relationships 与私人企业的关

系

Library responses: technology图书馆回应：科技 Storage 存储 Blogs, RSS etc 播客，间易信息聚合等 E-books 电子书 FRBR and FRAR 书目记录的功能要求和权威档记录的功能要求

WiFi, Broadband and VoIP WiFi 无线科技 , 宽频和互联网上话音协议

Digital Rights Management 管理数码资源使用权

Library responses: management图书馆回应：管理 Strategic planning 策略性计划 Supporting institutional direction 支援机构的

管理方向 Understanding users’ needs 了解读者所需 Staff development to support changing skills

requirements 员工培训以支援不断改变的技能要求

Evidence-based practice 诉诸实証为本 Entrepreneurial culture 企业文化 New performance measures 新的量度表现方

法

Shifting roles 转变中的角色 Pervasiveness of the Internet 互联网的说服力 New service orientation (just-for-you) 新的服务导向

( 为你而设 ) Client relationship management 客户关系管好 Changes in information seeking and use 寻找和使

用资料行为的改变 Increased accessibility 增加使用的便利成度 Information literacy across all sectors 全面提升信

息素养 Remote user services 远程用户服务

Planning process 计划程序 Scenario planning 不同情况的计划 Strategic planning 策略性计划 Project planning 项目计划

Scenario planning 不同情况的计划 E-topia

应变 Privatisation私有化

Vocational职业培训

Holistic Community全面化的社区

The Library Green 环保绿化

EETTOOPPIIAA

Wrong way, Wrong way, guys ! We need guys ! We need

to get to to get to EETOPIATOPIA

Scenario Planning

不同情况的计划2006

“Vocational”职业培训

-of or relation to a vocation or occupation; especially providing or undergoing training in special skills

-来自或关于一种职业或工作；尤其是提供或接受某特殊技能的培训

Global Drivers 世界性因素 “Peak Oil” begins to make an impact 高企的原油价

格开始带来影响 : Increasing concern for environmental issues 更关注环境

问题 Rising cost of petrol and associated products 石油及其相

关产品的价格上涨 Global conflict and terrorist threat 世界性冲突和恐怖活动的威胁 : Reality 现实 Media-driven fear of 传媒带动的忧虑

Continuation of trends 潮流延续 : Technological development 科技发展 High social importance placed on wealth 社会高度重视财富

Power of the corporation 企业的威力

Implications for Universities 对大学的影响 Increased emphasis of government control over higher

education 更着重政府对高等教育的控制 Research 研究 :

Reduction in intellectual freedom and academic integrity with research topics and targets assigned by government departments 削弱学术自由，尊重政府指派的研究课题和目标

Focus shift from undergraduate education to profit-driven research laboratories and think-tanks 把重点由本科生教育转移往利益主导的研究实验室和智庫

Courses 课程 : Reduction in courses offered with the eventual

elimination of many subject areas entirely 减少提供的课程直至完全很多学科都被淘汰

Specialized course streams only offered in desired areas 只为理想的学科提供专门的课程类别

Implications for Universities对大学的影响 Student Response 学生回应

Drastically reduced enrolment levels, especially in undergraduate courses, as affordability drops 因经费所限，收生人数剧减，尤其是本科生

Reduction in overseas enrolments as the global focus becomes more insular and travel costs increase 由于全球倾向聚焦各大洲及旅费上升，海外收生减少

Student focus shift to profit-motivated areas that offer immediate employment and high-level income 学生焦点转移往有利可图的地方以获取即时就业及高工资

Surge in postgraduate/research assistant type roles to support push towards profitable R & D 研究生 / 研究助理增加以支援推展可获利的研究与开发

Implications for University Libraries对大学图书馆的影响 Secure facilities, no longer offering any community

access 保安严密的设施，不再任由公众使用 Branches consolidated into a few main libraries and

maybe some collections disappearing entirely into the schools 分馆合并成几所主要图书馆，或是某些馆藏完全收进学院中

Collection development 馆藏发展 : Very narrow focus, swayed towards R & D needs

and tech-based 非常集中的焦点，偏向研究与开发的需要和科技为主

Purchase of new materials require pre-approval through the schools and labs, who hold the lion’s share of the funding 采购新资料需先获学院和实验室批准

Implications for University Libraries对大学图书馆的影响

Emphasis on online resources not only for surveillance purposes but also as an avenue for accessing latest studies to aid in further research 强调在线资源并非只为监察用途，同时也为提供途径以获取最新研究课题从而帮助进一步研究

Print collection is weeded extensively, especially in regards to materials considered suspect under new laws 印刷馆藏广泛地被剔除，尤其是那些在新法规下受怀疑的资料

Staff 人员 : Increased competition for employment with

fewer positions at all levels due to reduction in branches and subject areas 求职的竞争更大，因分馆和学科的数目减少，各阶层的职位也削减

Implications for University Libraries对大学图书馆的影响

Librarians 专业馆员 ‘Information specialists’ who are outsourced both

commercially and within the university, no longer based within the library itself ‘资讯专家’外包往商业或大学内其他地方服务，不再驻守在图书馆

Working alongside researchers, aiding in formulation of research proposals and grant applications 与研究人员一起工作，协助构思研究建议书和资金申请书

Library Assistants 图书馆助理 Fewer customer-service roles in lieu of fewer dedicated

library buildings 专供图书馆使用的楼房减少，提供顾客服务的职位也减少

Strengthened emphasis on facilitating access to information via scanning and parcelling information packages for researchers, maybe with an associated increase in areas such as Document Delivery 加倍强调透过扫描和事先包装形式送递资讯予研究人员，也许同时增加如送递文件的服务

Values (strategic planning)价值 ( 策略性计划 ) Adapting to change 适应转变 (6) Communication 沟通 (6) Integrity/ethical beh. 诚信 /操守行为 (6) Customer service focus 顾客服务焦点 (6) Innovation/creativity 创新 /创造力 (5) Excellence 卓越 (4) Teamwork/collab. 团队工作 / 合作 (3) Involvement/participation 参加 /参与 (2)

Values (Liaison Librarians)价值 ( 联络馆员 ) Integrity/ethical beh.诚信 /操守行为 (8) Communication 沟通 (7) Teamwork团队工作 (6) Work-life balance 平衡工作和生活 (5) Customer service focus顾客服务焦点 (3) Humour/fun 幽默 /欢乐 (3) Physical/emotional health 体格 / 情绪健康

(3) Innovation创新 (3) Adapting to change 适应转变 (2)

Consolidated 合并结果 Integrity/ethical beh.诚信 /操守行为 (14) Communication 沟通 (13) Teamwork团队工作 (9) Customer service focus顾客服务焦点 (9) Innovation/creativity创新 /创造力 (8) Adapting to change 适应转变 (8) Work life balance平衡工作和生活 (5) Excellence卓越 (4) Humour and fun幽默 /欢乐 (3) Physical and emotional health 体格 / 情绪健

康 (3)

Turned into text…转化为文字We are innovative, proactive and flexible in a changing environment.在转变的环境中，我们是创新、主动和有弹性的。We promote and practise open two way communication for the benefit of all and we respect the opinion of others.我们推广和采用开放双向的沟通让所有人受惠，而且我们互相尊重。We act with integrity and demonstrate fairness and accountability. 我们办事有诚信，表现公正和负责任。We are committed to excellence through reliable quality customer service, recognising diversity and treating all with dignity. 我们透过可靠的优质顾客服务、接纳多元化和尊重每人以求卓越。 We maintain a healthy work/life balance and foster a collaborative working environment. 我们保持健康的工作 / 生活平衡和建立互相合作的工作环境。

[Mission] statement[ 使命 ] 声明The Library is integral to achieving world-class scholarship at the University of Queensland. We work in partnership with the academic community to provide convenient access to quality information, and to manage and provide access to UQ scholarship. We provide information services which are customisable to individual needs and which recognise disciplinary perspectives and their information requirements. We engage with the community to foster scholarship. We strengthen the culture of collaboration and partnership within the University. 图书馆上下一心为昆士兰大学达至世界级的学术水平而劳力。我们与学术同僚并肩工作提供便利的服务以获取优质的资讯，并管理和提供途径以使用昆士兰大学的学术成果。我们提供的信息服务因应个别人士的需要而度身订造，同时也顾及各学科的角度和其要求。我们与校内社群一起培育学术成果。我们在大学里巩固合作文化和伙伴关系。

Enriching world-class scholarship

提高世界级的学术水平

Develop and support our people

发展和支援我们的员工

Practise ethical and accountable governance

实施有操守及负责任的管治

Enhance the student

Experience

丰富学生的体验

Build the digital

research environment

建立数码化的研究环境

Provide convenient and

customised access to

information提供便利和度身订造的资讯渠道

Maintain and develop

community partnerships

维持和发展社群的伙伴关系


提高世界级的学术水平





Enhance the student

Experience


Build the digital

research environment

建立数码化的研究环境

Provide convenient and

customised access to

information

提供便利和度身订造的资讯

渠道







Enhance the studentexperience

Build the digital research

environment

Provide convenient and customised access to

information



- define and promote our role within the University, with the University’s strategic partners, and with the wider community, by clearly describing and publicising our information resources, programs and services. 透过清晰地形容和宣传我们的信息资源、活动和服务，界定及推广我们在大学里、在大学的策略性伙伴之间和更广阔的大学社群中的角色。 - develop and implement a model for closer integration between the Library and the teaching and research units of the University.发展和实行一个能让图书馆与大学各教研单位紧密结合的模式。- market and promote the Library appropriately to diverse client communities. 适当地推广图书馆予多元化的顾客社群。- provide the information infrastructure and services for the University. 为大学提供信息基建和服务。- support research excellence by developing the strength and accessibility of our collections in current and emerging research areas 透过发展我们馆藏在现时和新兴研究领域的优势和渠道，支援卓越的研究。





environment



information



建设数码化的研究环境

- inform the university community of scholarly communication issues such as the open access movement, licensing and copyright compliance and publication impact factors. 为大学社群提供有关学术沟通问题的资讯，例如开放院校研究资讯运动、遵守使用权和版权、量度出版资料影响力的因素。- develop digital tools to enhance access to all collections and other research resources. 开发数码化工具以便利读者查用所有馆藏和其他研究资源。- lead the development of sustainable digital curation strategies in the University. 在大学内带领发展可持续的数码化保存策略。- support the University’s RQF program and other research reporting activities by providing and maintaining a repository for publications and research datasets.提供和维护包揽出版资料和研究数据的机构典藏，以支援大学的研究素质框架计划和其他研究汇报活动。 - extend our digitisation activities, developing a strategy, program and facilities to digitise our collections. 延伸我们的数码化活动，发展策略、计划和设施来把我们的馆藏数码化。






environment


information




- respond to student expectations of flexibility in service delivery by reviewing and refining our current service philosophy, modes and practice. 检讨和改善我们现有服务的哲学、形式和常规，以回应学生对提供弹性服务的期望。 - meet students’needs by developing web-based services integrated with the University’s eLearning environment. 开发与大学电子学习环境融合的网上服务以迎合学生需要。 - target collection development to best meet discipline teaching needs and current and emerging research strengths. 有目标的馆藏发展以满足学科教学需要和现有及冒起中的研究优势。 - foster the development of information literacy through effective information skills programs. 透过有效的资信技巧培训鼓励发展信息素养。 - support the University’s Teaching and Learning Enhancement Plan and Graduate Attributes 支援大学的强化教学计划和培养毕业生所需特质。 - work with the University to implement a plan to renew space for student use which provides a secure and stimulating environment for formal and informal interactions. 与大学合作推行计划重整空间供学生使用，提供一个安全和有启发性的环境予正式和非正式活动。





information



environment



提供便利和度身订造的资讯渠道

- develop integrated services that maximise the Library’s contribution to scholarship. 发展综合服务，尽量为大学的学术水平作出贡献。 - redevelop our virtual spaces to enhance customised and personalised access to information. 重新发展我们的虚拟空间，提供更多度身订造和个人化的服务取用资讯。 - expand information and support services to ensure all client groups have easy access to library expertise and knowledge. 扩充资讯和支援服务，确保客户群可轻易获取图书馆的专业服务和知识。 - redevelop physical spaces in response to emerging trends in the learning environment and the teaching practices of the University　重新发展实体空间，回应大学学习环境和教学工作的新冒起趋势。 - ensure that physical and virtual space supports the needs of diverse user communities and modes of access. 保证实体和虚拟空间能支援多元化的读者社群和取用资讯模式的需要。






environment


information




- collaborate in strategic activities for community benefit with industry, business and professional groups and cultural institutions, and with organisations at city, state, national and international levels. 与工商业、专业团体、文化机构、国际国家省市等组织合作策略性活动为社会谋福祉。 - deepen collaboration with strategic partners such as UQ teaching hospitals and secondary schools, develop service packages targeted at these client communities. 深化与策略性伙伴如大学教学医院和附属中学的和作关系，发展针对客户社群的服务组合。 - contribute to the enhancement of relationships with the University’s alumni through the provision of information services to alumni.　透过对大学校友的资讯服务强化关系。






environment


information





- conduct a review of our services, costs, expenditure and income.　检讨我们的服务、成本、支出和收入。 - refine the financial model for our services based on an understanding of cost drivers, and implementing economies of scale. 按照我们理解影响成本的因素，改良服务的财政模式，并实行规模经营减轻成本。 - deploy best practice to enable optimal delivery of services to clients.　参照实行最佳做法为客户提供最好服务。 -participate in the University’s commitment to best practice in environmental sustainability.　参与实践大学的承诺，维护可持续的环境。

- contribute as appropriate to University governance. 为大学管治作出适当的贡献。






environment


information





- develop our people to deliver our strategy, by providing a range of opportunities for skills training and career development, and by fostering leadership potential. 培训员工执行我们的策略，提供不同机会训练其技能，让他们事业得到发展，并栽培他们的领导潜能。 - recognising future business models, implement sustainable workforce planning. 认识未来的业务模式，推行可持续的人力资源计划。 - strengthen collaboration with professional colleagues and library educators to redefine the roles of library staff. 加强与专业同僚和图书馆教育工作者的合作，改良图书馆员工的角色。 - reinforce our program of cultural renewal and strengthen our organisational values.给文化更新计划更多支持和强化我们机构的价值观。 - raise our profile as an employer, with the objective of becoming an employer of choice in the academic library sector.　提升我们作为一个顾主的知名度，希望成为学术图书馆界中一个获推崇的顾主。

June 2006 六月 – Keith arrived 到任 2008

Changes in external environment

外界因素改变

2007 operating

plan deadline

2007 執行计划期限

2007

New budget model

新的预算模式RQF

研究素质框架New VC

新校长

Strategy development

策略发展Strategy implementation

策略推行


策略发展Strategy implementation

2010 2012

20112009

2008

2007

Strategy review

策略推行策略检讨


策略发展

Operational plan

執行计划Projects list项目表

Action plan (annual) 行动计划 (年度 )Strategy implementation 策略推行Project proposals项目建议书

Budget allocations 分配预算

Review and update strategy based on environmental scanning 按环境检视结果检讨和更新策略

Project Initiation Document 开展项目文件

Project Definition Statement 项目定义声明

Work Breakdown Structure 分工结构

Risk Analysis 危机分析

Monthly report 每月报告

Project Review Document项目检讨文件

开展

定义和计划

執行

完成

Documents

Keith Webster University Librarian & Director of Learning Services Topic 8 第八讲： Virtual and Physical Libraries in the 21st Century: Challenges for Library