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KELSEY KORNAUSCBE 555
MARCH 1 , 2010
Cleaning with Clorox
Disinfecting vs. Cleaning
Cleaning General removal of debris
Dirt Dust
The more cleaning done, the easier it is to disinfectDisinfecting
Removing germs and viruses that live on surfaces and lead to infection
Provides extra margin of safety
Cleaning
Soil Types
Organic Fat, grease, protein, carbohydrate, mold, yeast,
bacteria, petroleum soils Best removed by alkaline cleaners or solvents
Inorganic Rust, scale, hard water deposits and minerals such as
sand, silt and clay. Best removed by acidic cleaners
Combination
What’s in these cleaners?
SurfactantsChelating AgentsBuildersSolvents
Surfactants
Wetting agent that lowers surface tension“Surface Active Agent”
Roll-up mechanismEmulsification
Chelating Agents
What are they used for? Water hardness is a big problem
Presence of calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese metal ions
How do they do it? Chelating agents surround ions and alter electronic charge of
metal ions from positive to negative “Chemicals that form soluble, complex molecules with certain
metal ions, inactivating the ions so that they cannot normally react with other elements or ions to produce precipitates or scale.” -ASTM
What are some of the problems? Interfere with cleaning ability of detergents Environmental factor Builders used instead
Most Common Chelating Agent
EDTA Can form 4-6 bonds Useful in cleaning because forms complexes with
calcium and magnesium ions (hard water)
Water
May contain as much as 90% to 95% water! Water can be considered an active ingredient
that actually adds to the detergency of cleaners.
Water acts as a solvent that breaks up soil particles after the surfactants reduce the surface tension and allow the water to penetrate soil
Aids in suspension
Preservatives
Prevents against natural effects of aging such as decay, discoloration, oxidation and bacterial degradation
Prevents agains rancidiity and oxidizing Butylated hydroxdytoluyene (BHT) Stannic Chloride
Prevent bacteria from spoiling product Methyl paraben Propyl paraben
Disinfecting
Why Disinfect?
List of organisms around the house Bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus (Staph.) Salmonella choleraesuisPseudomonas aeruginosaStreptococcus pyogenes (Strep.)Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli)Shigella dysenteriaeMethicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)FungiTrichophyton mentagrophytes (can cause Athlete's Foot)Candida albicans (a yeast)VirusesRhinovirus Type 37 (a type of virus that can cause colds)Influenza A (Flu virus)Hepatitis A virusRotavirusRespiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)*Herpes simplex Type 2
Rubella virusAdenovirus Type 2Cytomegalovirus
Laundry Washing with laundry
detergent alone can leave behind invisible dirt embedded deep in fibers, as well as the cause of the yellow stain-body oil which eventually provides a haven for bacteria and dust mites
BLEACH
Common Household Bleach
Active Ingredient- Sodium hypochlorite at 5.25% strength in water based solution Manufactured by mixing chlorine with sodium
hydroxide and water
NaOCl + H2O ↔ HOCl + Na+ + OH-
Salt + Water
• Sodium Hydroxide
• Hydrogen• Chlorine
Sodium Hypochlorite
Stains + Soils
The Bleach Cycle
Recent News
Environmental groups, mainly Greenpeace, have been encouraging Congress to instate tough chemical plant security legislation
November 2009Clorox announces it will stop making bleach
as they always have out of chlorine and sodium hydroxide
Eliminate risk to more than 13 million Americans who live in range of Clorox facilities
According to the Clorox web site: “Except for quality control improvements, Clorox bleach remains unchanged since its
introduction to American consumers in 1916.”
Good Decision
Bad Decision
Carbon footprint of shipping 15%
16 trucks vs 1 rail car
Someone else is still a target
Less of a target
Safety increases!
How it works?
Whiten Oxygen in bleach breaks up chemical bonds of
chromophores making them incapable of absorbing any visible light Same concept as sunlight fading colors on clothes
Germ-Killer (Microbial killer) Protein coagulation
Same principle in human body which produces hypochlorous acid to kill bacteria in case of any infection
Disruption of cell membrane- allows passage of disinfecting molecules
Removal of free sulphydryl groups- amino acid side groups tied down
Chemical antagonism- Substrate recognition
All Cleaning Products
Why can’t we put all these together in one?!
Bleach + other cleaning agents
Ammonia 2NH3 + NaOCl -----> N2H4 + NaCl + H2O Poisonous 3NaOCl + NH3 --> 3NaOH + NCl3 Volatile and
Explosive 2(parts)NaOCl + 2NH3 --> 2NaONH3 + Cl2. Toxic
Acids HOCl + HCl ↔ H2O + Cl2 ↑ Toxic
“Bad News Bears”
New Bleach Technology
What can be done to make it better?
TODAY, AN ESTIMATED EIGHT OUT OF TEN AMERICAN HOUSEHOLDS USE CLOROX® BRAND BLEACH, AND CLOROX® BRAND
LAUNDRY AND HOME CLEANING PRODUCTS ARE SOLD IN MORE THAN 100 COUNTRIES IN NORTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, EUROPE,
AFRICA AND ASIA.
Clorox Business
Business
History of BleachMarketing
Clorox Brand vs. Generic Brand Building Brand Equity New Approach
Special Events
History of Bleach
1913~1916
1916~1921
1921~1957
1957~1969
1969~1973
Clorox Today
“We had a very good second quarter, especially given the continued challenging economic environment," said Chairman and CEO Don Knauss.
Marketing- Clorox vs. Other Brands
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWBPYwxLx0U&feature=related -----old better
http://www.clorox.com/our_story/media_center/index.php?movie_id=24 ---whiter sock
Marketing- Brand Recognition
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZeQUxSjHwU&fe ---laundry timeline
http://www.clorox.com/our_story/media_center/index.php?movie_id=26 ---from nature
Marketing- NEW IDEA
http://www.clorox.com/our_story/media_center/index.php?movie_id=6 ---rides
What else is there to a business?
Blue Sky Project- Clorox will provide half of the purchase price of “The Blue Sky Project: A Clorox Charity Collection” to benefit Music In Schools Today (MuST).
“Year of the Frog” Sponsor and collaborated with Animal Planet to produce a documentary titled “The Vanishing Frog” (chytrid (KIT-rid) fungus)
References
http://www.factsaboutbleach.com/bleach_public_health.html http://www.clorox.com/our_story/article.php?subsection=understanding_bleach&article_id=miracle_bottle http://www.essind.com/Cleaners/GC-chemistry.htm#Soil http://investors.thecloroxcompany.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=442696 http://www.chemistryquestion.com/English/Questions/ChemistryInDailyLife/3c_bleach_cleaner.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/classic/A795611 http://web.archive.org/web/20020804153426/www.clorox.com/science/rmp/bcycle.html http://www.clorox.com/cleaner_home/article.php?subsection=laundry_room&article_id=beating_icky_stains http://www.clorox.com/products/overview.php?prod_id=clb http://www.anapsid.org/cleaning.html http://www.scienceinthebox.com/en_UK/glossary/surfactants_en.html#six http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelation http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/chelates/chelates.html http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4564328_bleach-work.html http://www.snopes.com/critters/crusader/clorox.asp http://www.buzzle.com/articles/how-does-bleach-work.html http://www.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=question189.htm&url=http://www.parish-supply.com/w
hat_really_kills_those_germs.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/10/opinion/10tue3.html?_r=1 http://pubs.acs.org.ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/isubscribe/journals/cen/87/i45/html/8745notw2.html http://chemical-facility-security-news.blogspot.com/2009/11/clorox-announces-voluntary-ist.html http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Cloroxs-New-CSR-Web-Site-Features-Upgraded-Ingredients-Insid
e-Product-Information-NYSE-CLX-1110217.htm