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Key Competence in Computer ScienceSchlusselqualifikationen fur Informatiker
Stefan Klinger
Databases and Information SystemsUniversity of Konstanz
Winter 2015
0 · Prelude What this is all about · 0.1
0.1 What this is all about
I Having fun with cool software!
I Show you the UNIX toolbox:• Unix-like environments & the shell.• The usual command-line suspects (e.g., GNU coreutils).• Editors, and text encoding.• Writing papers with LATEX.• Secure Shell, and cryptography.• Shell scripting.• Source code management with Subversion.• ...
I Not in this order!1. Short term: Use LATEX and Subversion to hand in your exercises.2. Long term: Become a proficient (Unix) user. (cf. page 13)
This course is ...
I ...“the same” as last semester.
I ...not an official “Schlusselqualifikation” course.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 2
0 · Prelude Personnel · 0.2
0.2 Personnel
Prof. Marc Scholl Chair for Databases and Information Systems (DBIS)
web http://dbis.uni-konstanz.de/office PZ811
Stefan Klinger I give this Lecture
mail [email protected] PZ804
Claudia Bartholt Tutor
mail [email protected] V304, Do 15:15–17:00
Benjamin Stauss Tutor
mail [email protected] V304, Fr 15:15–17:00
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 3
0 · Prelude Coordinates · 0.3
0.3 Coordinates
material https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/This will be updated on a regular basis.
lecture Monday, 10:00–11:30, M629
tutorials There are no tutorials.
I The tutors attend the pools regularly (cf. previous slide).
I It is not mandatory to see the tutors, only if you need help.
credits One very simple assignment every week.
I Released every Monday, due on the next Monday, 9:45 a.m.
I To pass, you need to achieve 50% of all exercise points, and notmore than 3 assignments may be graded < 10%.
I You will work on the exercises in teams, cf. next slide.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 4
0 · Prelude Coordinates · 0.3
How much work is it? Rule of thumb: Double the lecture times for your homework.
I This course: 3c Unit c for credits.
I ECTS1 says: 1c ≡ 30h Unit h for hours.
I This semester: 15w Unit w for weeks.
3c · 30hc
15w= 6
h
w
I 2 hw for the lecture (actually, it’s only 1.5h), plus
I 4 hw to post process the lecture, get help from the tutors, and solve the
exercise.
1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Credit_Transfer_and_Accumulation_SystemStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 5
0 · Prelude Registration · 0.4
0.4 Registration — Important
This week Form groups of two as described in the 1st assignment2.Deadline: next Monday.
“Prufungsanmeldung” You have to sign up (binding!) for this coursevia StudIS3, during the registration period4. cf. Information by faculty
2https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/assignment01.pdf3https://studis.uni-konstanz.de/4http://www.informatik.uni-konstanz.de/studieren/studium/
pos-pruefungsinformationen/pruefungsanmeldung/Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 6
1Toolbox basis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_Free_or_Die
1 · Toolbox basis Why use Unix? · 1.1
1.1 Why use Unix?
I Unix [pl. Unices] — rather a generic term today, dates back to 1969 atthe AT&T Bell Labs.
I The trademark UNIX is owned by The Open Group. Must be usedsolely for systems certified according to the Single UNIX Specification.
I Similar systems manifest the family of unixoid or unix-like operatingsystems, e.g.,• GNU/Linux• Android• the BSD family• Mac OS X• ...
Standardising documents: POSIX, Linux Standard Base, etc.
⇒ The “Unix Idea” is wide-spread and well-established.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 8
1 · Toolbox basis Why use Unix? · 1.1
Unix history
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013UNICS
september 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
UNICSseptember 1969
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFirst Edition (V1)november 3, 1971
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSecond Edition (V2)
june 12, 1972
Open Systemsjanuary 26, 2013
© Éric Lévénez 1998-2013<http://www.levenez.com/unix/>
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemThird Edition (V3)
february 1973
19721969 19711970 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFourth Edition (V4)
november 1973
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemFifth Edition (V5)
june 1974
MERT1974
PWB/UNIX1974
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSixth Edition (V6)
may 1975
LSX
Mini Unixmay 1977
SRI Eunice
PWB 1.0july 1, 1977
RT 1.01977
TS 1.01977
USG 1.0
UNSW
197619751974 1977
1BSDmarch 9, 1978
CB UNIX 1
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition (V7)
january 1979
TS 2.01978
PWB 2.01978
USG 2.0
PWB 1.2
2BSDmay 10, 1979
UNIX 32Vmay 1979
InteractiveIS/1
USG 3.0
CBUNIX 2
TS 3.01979
3BSDmarch 1980
2.79BSDapril 1980
TS 3.0.11980
CB UNIX 3
4.0BSDoctober 1980
XENIX OSaugust 25, 1980
UCLA Secure Unix1979
UCLA Locally Cooperating Unix Systems
1980
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemSeventh Edition Modified
(V7M)december 1980
V7appendafebruary 12, 1980
UNSW 01january 1978 UNSW 04
november 1979BRL Unix V4.1
july 1979
19801978 1979
The Wollongong GroupEunice (Edition 7)
1980
Note 1 : an arrow indicates an inheritance like a compatibility, it is not only a matter of source code.
Note 2 : this diagram shows complete systems and [micro]kernels like Mach, Linux, the Hurd... This is because sometimes kernel versions are more appropriate to see the evolution of the system.
4.1BSDjune 1981
TS 5.01982
UNIX System IIInovember 1981
4.1aBSDapril 1982
2.8.1BSDjanuary 1982
4.1bBSDaugust 1982
SunOS 1.0february 1982
2.8BSDjuly 1981
Ultrix-11
UNIX System IV1982
TS 4.0.11981
2.8.2BSDseptember 8, 1982
2.9BSDjuly 1983
2.9.1BSDnovember 1983
4.1cBSDdecember 1982
4.2BSDseptember 1983
XENIX 3.0april 1983
UNIX System Vjanuary 1983
TS 5.21983
IS/3
HP-UX 1.0 (S500)H1 1983
PC/IX
QUNIX1981
QNX beta1983
XENIX 2.3
Locus1983
UCLA Locus1981
Venix
UNSW 81april 1981
V7M 2.1october 1981
Coherentjune 1983
Sinix
mt Xinujuly 19, 1983
19831981 1982
SPIX1982
Eunice 21982
Tunis1981
Plurix1982
UniSoftUniPlus
System V1983
UniSoftUniPlus V7
1981
IRISGL2 1.0
1983
HP-UX 2.0 (S200)august 1983
UNIX System VRelease 2april 1984
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemEighth Edition (V8)
february 1985
SunOS 1.1april 1984
Interactive 386/ix1985
Minix
A/UX
Mach1985
Xinu1984
SunOS 1.2january 1985 SunOS 2.0
may 15, 1985
2.9BSD-Seismoaugust 1985
Ultrix 32M 1.01984
IS/5
4.3BSDjune 1986
SunOS 3.0february 17,
1986
UNIX System VRelease 3.0
1986
Chorus1986
HP-UX 1.0 (S800)november 20, 1986
Mach 2.0
SunOS 3.2september 1986
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemNinth Edition (V9)
september 1986
Plan 9
MIPS OSRISC/os
Dynix1984
Unicos 2.0december 19, 1986
Unicos 1.0april 3, 1986
CXOs 0.9sept. 1985
QNX 1.01984
SCO XENIX System V/286
1985SCO XENIX 3.0
february 1984
IBM IX/3701985
Locus1985
AIX/RT 21986
Venix/286
Ultrix 32M 1.21985
Venix 1.01985
Venix 2.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.01986
Ultrix-11 v3.11986
BRL Unix(4.3BSD)
1986
BRL Unix(4.2BSD)
1985
mt Xinu(4.2BSD)
mt Xinu(4.3BSD)
UNIX SystemV/2861985
UNIX SystemV/386 rel 3.0
1984 1985 1986
GNU (Trix)1986
SPIX 32
Eunice 4.21985
Microport Unix SV/ATjanuary 1986
CXOs1984
IRIS GL2 5.0dec. 1986
IRIS GL2 4.0march 1986IRIS GL2 1.5
mid-1984
IRIX1986
HP-UX 2.0 (S500)H1 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S500)september 1984
HP-UX 2.1 (S200)H1 1985
HP-UX 5.0(S200/S300)
H1 1986HP-UX 5.1 (S200/S300)
H1 1986
2.10BSDapril 1987
UNIX System VRelease 3.2
1987
Mach 2.51988
4.3BSD Tahoejune 1988
HP-UX 1.1 (S800)
august 17, 1987
UNIX System VRelease 4
1988
UNIX Interactive 4.11988
NeXTSTEP 0.8october 12, 1988
Xinu 7march 1988
AIX/RT 2.1.2
Chorus/MiX V3.21988
BSD Net/1november 1988
IBM AOS1988
MIPS OSRISC/os 4
2.10.1BSDjanuary 1989
SunOS 4.01989
NeXTSTEP 1.0september 18, 1989
UNIX Time-Sharing SystemTenth Edition (V10)
october 1989
SCO UNIX System V/386release 3, 1989
AIX/6000 v31989
HP-UX 7.0(S300/S800)
H2 1989
SunOS 4.0.3may 1989
SunOS 3.51988
HP-UX 2.0(S800)
march 1988HP-UX 3.1feb. 1989
A/UX 1.0february 1988
AIX/RT 2.2.11987
SCO XENIX System V/386october 1987
Unicos 3.0september 25, 1987
Unicos 4.0july 15, 1988
Unicos 5.0may 15, 1989
Minix 1.01987
QNX 2.0 QNX 2.21
SCO XENIX SystemV/386 release 2.3.4
june 1989
AIX PS/2 1.1march 31, 1989
Venix 3.2.3Venix 3.2
Ultrix 4.2
Sinix 2.01987
Sinix 2.11988
more/BSDdecember 1988
mt Xinumach386
HPBSD1987 HPBSD 1.0
april 1988
UNIX System V/386 Release 3.2 UNIX System V/386
Release 4
CTIX/386 CTIX 3.0 CTIX 3.2 CTIX 4.0
198919881987
Acorn RISC iX1989
Atari Unix1989
Ultrix 32M 2.01987
BOS1989
NonStop-UXapril 10, 1987
NonStop-UX B00august 22, 1989
Eunice 4.31987
Acorn RISC Unix1988
Microport Unix V/386september 1987
IRIX 3.0june 10, 1988
IRIX 2.0november 18, 1987
IRIS GL2 6.01987
Dell Unix SVR1.1november 1, 1989
HP-UX 5.2(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.0(S300)
H2 1987
HP-UX 6.2(S300)
june 1988
HP-UX 6.5(S300)
H1 1989
HP-UX 1.2(S800)
nov. 16, 1987
HP-UX 2.1(S800)
july 1988
HP-UX 3.0(S800)
nov. 11, 1988
HP-UX 7.02(S800)
H2 1989
2.11BSDfebruary 1992
Chorus/MiX SVR41991
AIX 3.11990
Plan 91990
4.3BSD Renojune 1990
BSD Net/2(4.3BSD Lite)
june 1991
386 BSD 0.0february 1992
4.4BSD alphajune 1992
SunOS 4.1.1(Solaris 1)
november 1990
Linux 0.01august 1, 1991
A/UX 3.0april 16, 1992
UnixWare 1Unix System V
Release 4.2november 2, 1992
OSF/11990
SunSoft UNIX Interactive 4.1
1992
NeXTSTEP 2.0sept. 18, 1990
OSF/11992
NeXTSTEP 3.0september 1992
Xinu
NeXTSTEP 2.1march 25, 1991
Linux 0.02october 5, 1991
Minix 1.5december 1992
HP-UX 9.0 (S800)october 7, 1992
SunOS 4.1march 1990
386 BSD 0.1july 14, 1992
AOS Reno1992
SunOS 4.1.3(Solaris 1.1a)august 1992
Solaris 2.0 (sparc)
(SunOS 5.0)july 1992
BSD/386 0.3.2(BSDI)
february 28, 1992
Solaris 2.1(SunOS 5.1)
december 1992
BSD/OS 1.0(BSDI)
SunOS 4.1.2(Solaris 1.0.1)december 1991
HP-UX 8.0 (S300/S800)march 27, 1991
HP-UX 8.02 (S800)august 5, 1991
AIX 3.21990
IRIX 4.0september 1991
A/UX 2.0june 1990
Mach 3
GNU(GNU/Hurd)may 7, 1991
Linux 0.12january 16, 1992
Mach 2.6
Linux 0.95march 8, 1992
Unicos 6.0february 14, 1991
Unicos 7.0october 29, 1992
QNX 4.01990
Trusted XENIX 2.0january 9, 1991
Trusted XENIX 3.0april 8, 1992
Unix System VRelease 4.1ESdecember 1992
Solaris 2.0 (x86)end 1992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2.1
february 22, 1991
AIX PS/2 1.3october 2, 1992
AIX/ESA 2.11992
AIX PS/2 & AIX/3701.2
march 30, 1990
AIX/ESA 11991
Venix 3.2.4
Ultrix 4.2A Ultrix 4.3
Coherent 3.0 Coherent 4.0may 1992
Sinix 5.201990
Sinix 5.401992
mt Xinumach 2.6
1990 1991 1992
RISC iX 1.211991
AMiX 1.1 (Amiga Unix SVR4)1990
AMiX 2.2
ASV (dev release)1991
ASV (final release)august 1992
Microport Unix SVR3.2 Microport Unix SVR4.0 Microport Unix SVR4.1
MIPS OSRISC/os 5
IRIX 4.0.4march 1992
Dell Unix SVR4.01990
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.21992
HP-UX 7.06(S800)
H2 1990
HP-UX 7.08(S800)
H1 1991
HP-UX 8.01 (S700)february 1991
HP-UX 8.05 (S300/700)july 1991
HP-UX 8.07(S300/S700)
november 21, 1991
HP-UX 9,01(S300/S700)
november 2, 1992
HP-UX 8.06 (S800)H2 1991
HP-UX BLS 8.04 (S800)H2 1991
NetBSD 0.8april 20, 1993
FreeBSD 1.1may 1994FreeBSD 1.0
december 1993
NetBSD 0.9august 23, 1993
BSD/OS 1.1(BSDI)
february 14, 1994
4.4BSDjune 1, 1993
NetBSD 1.0october 26, 1994
386 BSD 1.012 november 1994
4.4BSD Lite 1march 1, 1994
4.4BSD Encumberedjune 1993
2.11BSDpatch 100
january 19932.11BSDpatch 200
december 1994
OSF/1.3june 1994
NeXTSTEP 3.1may 25, 1993
NeXTSTEP 3.2october 1993
SunOS 4.1.4(Solaris 1.1.2)
september 1994
UnixWare 1.1.1Unix System V Release 4.2
1994
SCO UNIX 3.2.4(Open Desktop)
1994
Chorus/MiX SVR4
Solaris 2.2 (sparc)(SunOS 5.2)
may 1993
Solaris 2.3 (sparc)(SunOS 5.3)
november 1993
Solaris 2.4(SunOS 5.4)
december 1994
Xinu
UNIX Interactive 4.1ajune 1994
Linux 1.0march 14, 1994
Linux 1.1.0april 6, 1994
AIX 4.1august 12, 1994
Linux 1.0.9april 17, 1994
Linux 1.1.52october 6, 1994
AIX 3.2.5october 15, 1993
HP-UX 9.02august 1993
FreeBSD 1.1.5.1july 1994
HP-UX 9.03december 16, 1993
HP-UX 9.04 (S800)november 17, 1993
HP-UX 9.05april 19, 1994
AIX 3.2.4july 1993
Linux 0.99.11july 18, 1993
IRIX 6.0december 1994
Linux 1.0.6april 3, 1994Linux 0.99.15j
march 2, 1994
Dynix/ptx 2.0.41993
Unicos 8.0march 11, 1994
Unicos-max 1.0november 15, 1993
Unicos-max 1.1june 10, 1994
Unicos-max 1.2november 30, 1994
QNX 4.11994
UnixWare 1.1Unix SVR4.2may 18, 1993
Trusted XENIX 4.0september 17, 1993
HP-UX BLS 9.09+december 1, 1994
SunOS 4.1.3_U1(Solaris 1.1.1)december 1993
Lites
Mach 4UK02
july 20, 1994
Solaris 2.1 (x86)
AIX/ESA 2.21994
Venix 4.2
A/UX 3.0.1 A/UX 3.0.2 A/UX 3.1
ArchBSDnovember 1994
Ultrix 4.4Ultrix 4.3A
SunOS 4.1.3_U1b(Solaris 1.1.1B)february 1994
Coherent 4.2may 1993
Sinix 5.42Sinix 5.411993
HPBSD 2.0april 1993
HPBSD
19941993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP4.3.0march 26, 1993
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.1.0june 24, 1994
MVS/ESA OE SP5.2.0september 13, 1994
IRIX 5.0march 1993
NonStop-UX B22november 22, 1993
NonStop-UX B31november 1, 1994
AIX 4.1.1october 28, 1994
IRIX 5.1september 1993
IRIX 5.2march 1994
IRIX 5.3december 1994
Dell Unix SVR4 Issue 2.2.11993
OpenServer 5.0may 9, 1995
FreeBSD 2.0november 22, 1994
UnixWare 2.0Unix System V Release 4.2MP
january 1995
FreeBSD2.0.5
june 10, 1995
A/UX 3.1.11995
HP-UX 10.0 (S700/S800)february 1995
4.4BSD Lite 2june 1995
OpenBSDoctober 1995
Lites 1.0february 28, 1995
Mk Linux DR11996
Plan 9 r2july 1995
Digital Unix(DEC OSF/1 AXP)
march 1995
FreeBSD2.1
november 19, 1995
NetBSD 1.1november 26, 1995
AOS Lite1995
Solaris 2.5(SunOS 5.5)
november 1995
BSD/OS 2.0.1(BSDI)
august 1995
OPENSTEP 4.0july 22, 1996
FreeBSD 2.1.5july 14, 1996
GNU 0.1 (GNU/Hurd)september 6, 1996
NetBSD 1.2october 4, 1996
OpenBSD 2.0october 1996
BSD/OS 2.1(BSDI)
february 13, 1996
2.11BSDpatch 300
february 1996
Digital Unix4.0A
september 1996
Linux 2.0june 9, 1996
Linux 2.1september30, 1996
HP-UX 10.20june 1996
Minix 1.7.2march 1996
Mk Linux DR2december 1996
Mach 4UK02p21
november 3, 1995
FreeBSD 2.1.6november 16, 1996
HP-UX 10.10december 1995
IRIX 6.3september 1996
IRIX 6.2march 1996
UnixWare 2.1.2october 1996
UnixWare 2.1february 13, 1996
Mach 4UK22
march 29, 1996
NeXTSTEP 3.3february 1995
Linux 1.2march 7, 1995
Linux 1.1.95march 2, 1995
Linux 1.3june 12, 1995
Linux 1.2.13august 2, 1995
Linux 1.3.100may 10, 1996
Linux 2.0.21september20, 1996
Dynix/ptx 4.41996
Unicos 9.0september 21, 1995
Unicos 9.1march 15, 1996
Unicos-max 1.3november 15, 1995
Unicos/mk 1.2.5november 11, 1996
Unicos/mk 1.3december 9, 1996
Solaris 2.5.1(SunOS 5.5.1)
may 1996
QNX 4.2 QNX 4.22 QNX 4.24
QNX/Neutrino 1.01996
HP-UX 10.01may 1995
OpenServer 5.0.2june 1996
Trusted IRIX/B 4.0.5 EPLfebruary 6, 1995
Trusted Unicos 8.0march 9, 1995
Lites 1.1march 24, 1995
Lites 1.1u3march 30, 1996
Ultrix 4.5november 1995
OPENSTEP 4.1december 1996
Coherent 4.2.101995
Sinix ReliantUnix 5.431995
1995 1996
Digital Unix 4.0(DEC OSF/1 V4)
may 1996
Digital Unix4.0B
december 1996
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.1june 20, 1995
MVS/ESA OpenEdition SP5.2.2september 29, 1995
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R1march 29, 1996
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R2september 27, 1996
NonStop-UX Cxxfebruary 1996
NonStop-UX B32june 12, 1995
BSD/OS 2.0(BSDI)
january 1995
AIX 4.2may 17, 1996
AIX 4.1.5november 8, 1996AIX 4.1.4
october 20, 1995AIX 4.1.3
july 7, 1995
IRIX 6.4november 1996
IRIX 6.1july 1995
UnixWare 7Unix System V Release 5
march 3, 1998
Rhapsody DR2may, 1998
NetBSD1.3.2
may 29,1998
AIX 4.3.2october 23, 1998
FreeBSD 3.0october 16, 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.1march 25, 1997
Solaris 2.6(SunOS 5.6)august 1997
Mach 41998
Linux 2.0.36november 15, 1998
UnixWare 7.0.1september 8, 1998
OpenServer 5.0.5august 12, 1998
OpenBSD 2.1june 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.3may 19, 1998
Minix 2.0.2december 1998
Xinu 81998
Mk Linux DR3july 31, 1998
GNU 0.2 (GNU/Hurd)june 12, 1997
Linux 2.1.132december 22, 1998
Minix 2.0.0january 1997
Solaris 7(SunOS 5.7)
october 27, 1998
4.4BSD Lite 2
Digital Unix 4.0Ddecember 1997
Chorus/MiX SVR4
FreeBSD 2.2march 16, 1997
FreeBSD 2.1.7february 20, 1997 FreeBSD 2.2.8
november 29, 1998
NetBSD 1.2.1may 20, 1997
NetBSD 1.3january 4,
1998
OpenBSD 2.2december 1, 1997
OpenBSD 2.4december 1, 1998
BSD/OS 3.0(BSDI)
february 26, 1997
FreeBSD 2.2.5october 22, 1997 2.11BSD
patch 400january 1998
FreeBSD 2.2.7july 22, 1998
AIX 4.3october 31, 1997
BSD/OS 4.0(BSDI)
august 17, 1998
NetBSD 1.3.3december 23, 1998
HP-UX 10.30july 1997
HP-UX 11.0november 1997
IRIX 6.5.2november 17, 1998
IRIX 6.5june 15, 1998
Rhapsody DR1september, 1997
UNIX Interactive 4.1.1july 21, 1998
Linux 2.0.28january 14, 1997
Linux 2.1.32april 5, 1997
Monterey (announced)october 1998
Dynix/ptx 4.4.41998
Unicos 9.2january 13, 1997
Unicos 10.0november 19, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.4.1march 3, 1997
Unicos/mk 1.6july 21, 1997
Unicos/mk 2.0october 13, 1997
Trusted Solaris 2.5.1september 1998
QNX 4.25
QNX/Neutrino 2.01998
NetBSD1.3.1
march 9,1998
OpenServer 5.0.4may 1997
IRIX 6.5.1Maugust 14, 1998
BSD/OS 3.1(BSDI)
december 10, 1997
xMach
Lites
Unicos 10.0.0.2may 1998
Unicos 10.0.0.3october 1998
Unicos/mk 2.0.3may 1998
Unicos 9.3august 1997
2.11BSDpatch 366
february 1997
OPENSTEP 4.2january 1997
ReliantUnix 5.441997
1997 1998
OS/390 OpenEdition V1R3march 28, 1997
OS/390 Unix V2R4september 26, 1997 OS/390 Unix V2R5
march 27, 1998OS/390 Unix V2R6september 25, 1998
NonStop-UX C41november 14, 1997
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0december 27, 1998
NonStop-UX C40august 20, 1997
NonStop-UX C50june 3, 1998
NonStop-UX C51december 8, 1998
AIX 4.3.1april 24, 1998
AIX 4.2.1april 25, 1997
Mk Linux DR2.1
Linux 2.2.0january 26, 1999
Linux 2.2.13october 19, 1999
Tru64 Unix V4.0Ffebruary 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.1february 15, 1999
OpenServer 5.0.5afebruary 1999
UnixWare 7.1february 23, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0march 16, 1999
NetBSD 1.4may 12, 1999
BSD/OS 4.0.1(BSDI)
march 1, 1999
Linux 2.3.0may 11, 1999
Mac OS X (DP1)may 10, 1999
FreeBSD 3.2may 18, 1999
OpenBSD 2.5may 19, 1999
IRIX 6.5.3february 9, 1999
Linux 2.0.37june 14, 1999
Linux 2.0.38august 25, 1999
Mac OS X Server 1.0.2july 22, 1999
Darwin 0.1march 16, 1999
Darwin 0.3august 16, 1999
Tru64 Unix V5.0august 12, 1999
NetBSD 1.4.1august 26, 1999
AIX 4.3.3september 17, 1999
FreeBSD 3.3september 17, 1999
IRIX 6.5.5august 6, 1999
IRIX 6.5.6november 10, 1999
Mac OS X (DP2)november 10, 1999
Linux 2.2.8may 11, 1999
OpenBSD 2.6december 1, 1999
FreeBSD 3.4december 20, 1999
BSD/OS 4.1(BSDI)
december 20, 1999
Linux 2.3.14august 19, 1999
Solaris 8(beta)
nov 2, 1999
UnixWare 7.1.1december 30, 1999
Darwin 0.2may 13, 1999
Dynix/ptx 4.51999
Monterey beta
Unicos/mk 2.0.4january 25, 1999
Unicos/mk 2.0.5october 18, 1999
Trusted Solaris 7november 2, 1999
QNX/Neutrino 2.10(QRTP)
IRIX 6.5.4may 11, 1999
Linux 2.2.12august 26, 1999
2.11BSDpatch 430
december 13, 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.5may 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.6june 1999
Unicos 10.0.0.4february 1999
Solaris 7, 3/99march 1999
Solaris 7, 5/99may 1999
Solaris 7, 8/99august 1999
Solaris 7, 11/99november 1999
1999
OS/390 Unix V2R7march 26, 1999
OS/390 Unix V2R8september 24, 1999
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0aoctober 10, 1999
MkLinux Pre-R11999 MkLinux R1
december 11, 1999
HP-UX 11.0 9905may 1999
NetBSD 1.4.2march 19, 2000
FreeBSD 4.0march 14, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1july 27, 2000
OpenBSD 2.7june 15, 2000
Mac OS X (DP3)february 14, 2000
Darwin 1.0april 5, 2000
Mac OS X (DP4)may 15, 2000
Solaris 8january 26, 2000Mac OS X Server 1.2
january 14, 2000
IRIX 6.5.8may 22, 2000
IRIX 6.5.9august 9, 2000
Plan 9 r3june 7, 2000
UnixWare NSC 7.1.1+IPjune 26, 2000
HP-UX 11.11 aka 11iv1december 2000
Linux 2.2.16june 7, 2000
Linux 2.3.51march 10, 2000
Darwin 1.1may 15, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test8september 8, 2000
IRIX 6.5.7february 10, 2000
Tru64 Unix V5.1august 2000
AIX 5L 5.0october 24, 2000
OpenServer 5.0.6august 21, 2000
Linux 2.2.17september 4, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test 1may 25, 2000
Mac OS X (beta)september 13, 2000
FreeBSD 4.1.1september 27, 2000
Mac OS X Server 1.2v3october 27, 2000
Darwin 1.2.1november 15, 2000
FreeBSD 4.2november 21, 2000
NetBSD 1.4.3november 25, 2000
Solaris 86/00 (su1)june 2000
Solaris 8 10/00 (su2)october 2000
OpenBSD 2.8december 1, 2000
UnixWare 7.1.1 DCFSnovember 27, 2000
Trusted Solaris 8november 20, 2000
BSD/OS 4.2(BSDI)
november 29, 2000
Linux 2.2.18december 11, 2000
Linux 2.4.0 test12december 12, 2000
IRIX 6.5.10november 8, 2000
Security-Enhanced Linux 1.0december 22, 2000
FreeBSD 5.0 betamarch 2000
TrustedBSD (announced)april 9, 2000 TrustedBSD beta
UnixWare 7.1.1+LKPaugust 21, 2000
xMach DR 01august 6, 2000
NetBSD 1.5december 6, 2000
FreeBSD 3.5june 24, 2000
Minix-VMD 1.7.0november 9, 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.7january 2000
Unicos 10.0.0.8november 22, 2000
ReliantUnix 5.452000
Debian GNU/Hurd A1august 2000
2000
Tru64 Unix V4.0Gmay 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R9march 31, 2000
OS/390 Unix V2R10september 29, 2000
2.11BSD patch 433november 5, 2000
NonStop-UX C52april 20, 2000
HP-UX 11.10march 2000
Linux 2.4.0january 4, 2001
Linux 2.0.39january 9, 2001
Linux 2.4.3march 30, 2001
IRIX 6.5.11february 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6january 18, 2001
Solaris 8 1/01 (su3)february 20, 2001
xMach currentmarch 16, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0(Cheetah)
march 24, 2001
Linux 2.2.19march 25, 2001
Darwin 1.3.1april 13, 2001
FreeBSD 4.3april 22, 2001
Linux 2.4.5may 25, 2001
Mac OS X 10.0.4june 22, 2001
AIX 5L v5.1may 4, 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.3
may 21, 2001
OpenBSD 2.9june 1, 2001
Solaris 8 4/01may 2001
Mac OS X Server10.0.4
july 3, 2001
Linux 2.4.7july 20, 2001
Open UNIX 8Release 8.0
june 11, 2001
Solaris 9 alpha
NetBSD 1.5.1july 11, 2001
Solaris 8 7/01july 2001
IRIX 6.5.12may 9, 2001
IRIX 6.5.13august 8, 2001
Tru64 Unix V5.1Aseptember 2001
NetBSD 1.5.2september14, 2001
FreeBSD 4.4september 19, 2001
Linux 2.4.15november 23, 2001
Mac OS XServer 10.1
september 29, 2001
Mac OS X 10.1(Puma)
sept. 29, 2001
Darwin 1.4.1october 1, 2001
S-E Linux 2.0september 26, 2001
Minix 2.0.3may 22, 2001
Solaris 9 EAoctober 2, 2001
QNX RTOS 6.1.0
QNX RTOS 6.1.0patch A
september 28, 2001
Dynix/ptx 4.5.3october 2001
Linux 2.2.20november 2, 2001
Unicos 10.0.1.0june 2001
OpenServer 5.0.6ajune 8, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.1
nov 13, 2001
Mac OS X Server 10.1.1
november21, 2001
Linux 2.5.0november 23, 2001
Linux 2.4.17december21, 2001
OpenBSD 3.0november27, 2001
Mac OS X10.1.2
dec 20, 2001
IRIX 6.5.14november 7, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP1Release 8.0
august 8, 2001
Open UNIX 8 MP2Release 8.0
november 6, 2001
Solaris 8 10/01october 2001
HP-UX 11.20 aka 11iv1.5 (IA)june 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd G1october 10, 2001
Debian GNU/Hurd H2december 4, 2001
GNU-Darwinjanuary 17, 2001
2001
z/OS Unix System Services V1R1march 30, 2001
z/OS Unix V1R2october 26, 2001
Darwin 5.1
NonStop-UX C53october 19, 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0112december 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0109september 2001
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0106june 2001
Linux 2.5.3january 30, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.2
january 17, 2002
FreeBSD 4.5january 29, 2002
Linux 2.5.5february 19, 2002
IRIX 6.5.15february 6, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.3february 19, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP3Release 8.0
february 12, 2002
Linux 2.4.18february 25, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.3
february 20, 2002
BSD/OS 4.3february 14, 2002
Solaris 8 2/02february 2002
BSD/OS 5.0beta
FreeBSD 5.0Developer Preview 1
april 8, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.4
april 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.1.4april 17, 2002
Linux 2.5.10april 24, 2002
Linux 2.5.44october 19, 2002
Plan 9 r4april 28, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6june 15, 2002
OpenBSD 3.1may 19, 2002
Solaris 9 OEmay 22, 2002
Linux 2.2.21may 20, 2002
IRIX 6.5.16may 8, 2002
NetBSD 1.6 betamay 28, 2002
GNU (GNU/Hurd,GNU Mach 1.3)
may 27, 2002
Mac OS X10.1.5
june 4, 2002
QNX 6.2(Momentics)june 4, 2002
HP-UX 11.22 aka 11iv1.6 (IA)august 2002
Yamit (alpha)may 5, 2002
NetBSD 1.5.3july 22, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.1.5
july 1, 2002
Linux 2.4.19august 3, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2(Jaguar)
august 13, 2002
Linux 2.5.18may 25, 2002
FreeBSD 4.6.2august 15, 2002
MicroBSD 0.1july 14, 2002
MicroBSD 0.5august 14, 2002
Open UNIX 8 MP4Release 8.0july 3, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2
august 13, 2002
IRIX 6.5.17august 7, 2002
Mac OS X10.2.1
sept. 18, 2002
Mac OS XServer 10.2.1sept. 18, 2002
Linux 2.5.30august 1, 2002
Linux 2.2.22sept. 16, 2002
NetBSD 1.6sept. 14, 2002
Darwin 6.0.1sept. 23, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd H3february 26, 2002 Debian GNU/Hurd J1
august 5, 2002
AIX 5L v5.2october 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 9/02sept. 2002
FreeBSD 4.7october 10, 2002
QNX 6.2 (patch A)october 18, 2002
MicroBSD 0.6october 12, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3(announced)
august 26, 2002
OpenServer 5.0.7 (announced)august 26, 2002
Debian GNU/Hurd J2october 10, 2002
GNU-Darwin (beta 2.5)march 12, 2002
2002
MirBSD #0october 11, 2002
MirBSDaugust 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R3march 29, 2002
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R4september 27, 2002
Darwin5.2 Darwin 5.3 Darwin 5.4 Darwin 5.5
NonStop-UX C60may 3, 2002
NonStop-UX C61october 2, 2002
MkLinux Pre-R2august 5, 2002
Unicos/mp 1.0august 23, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.1may 2002
Unicos/mk 2.0.6january 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0209september 2002
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0206june 2002HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0203
march 2002
OpenBSD 3.2november 1, 2002
Darwin 6.0.2oct. 28, 2002
Linux 2.5.52december 15, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.2november 11, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.2
november 11, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0 DP 2november 18, 2002
IRIX 6.5.18november 8, 2002
Linux 2.4.20november 28, 2002
Linux 2.2.23november 29, 2002
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3december 4, 2002
Mac OS X 10.2.3december 19, 2002
Mac OS X Server10.2.3
december 19, 2002
FreeBSD 5.0january 19, 2003
Linux 2.5.48november 18, 2002
Solaris 9 OE 12/02december 2002
GNU-Darwin 1.0january 10, 2003
Solaris 9 x86 PEfebruary 6, 2003
Mac OS X 10.2.4february 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.62february 17, 2003
2003
OpenDarwin-20030212february 17, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1Bjanuary 20, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.4
february 24, 2003
QNX 6.2.1 (Momentics)february 18, 2003
Linux 2.2.24march 5, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7february 24, 2003
Linux 2.2.25march 17, 2003
Linux 2.5.70may 26, 2003
FreeBSD 4.8april 3, 2003
IRIX 6.5.19february 5, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.5
april 10, 2003
Debian GNU/HurdK1-Unstable
december 12, 2002Debian GNU/Hurd K2
march 3, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.5
april 14, 2003
Darwin 6.5april 15, 2003
NetBSD 1.6.1april 14, 2003
OpenBSD 3.3may 1, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 4/03april 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K3april 30, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.6
may 6, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.6
may 8, 2003
Solaris 8 12/02december 2002
IRIX 6.5.20may 7, 2003
Darwin 6.6may 14, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3Update Pack 1may 8, 2003
Linux 2.5.65march 17, 2003
OpenDarwin6.6.1
may 27, 2003
Linux 2.5.68april 19, 2003
BSD/OS 4.3.1december 21, 2002
BSD/OS 5.0may 2, 2003
MirBSD #2january 28, 2003
MirBSD #3march 2, 2003
MirBSD #4april 16, 2003
MirBSD #1november 31, 2002
Darwin6.1 Darwin 6.2 Darwin 6.3 Darwin 6.4
2.11BSD patch 444february 10, 2003
NonStop-UX C62january 17, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.0december 20, 2002
Unicos/mp 2.1march 17, 2003
GNU/Hurd-L4(announced)
november 18, 2002
Unicos 10.0.1.2may 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0303march 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0212december 2002
AIX 5L v5.2Maintenance Level 1
may 2003AIX 4.3.3 Maintenance Level 11
february 2003
FreeBSD 5.1june 9, 2003
Linux 2.4.21june 13, 2003
Linux 2.5.75july 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0 Previewjune 25, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Mac OS X Server 10.3 beta (Panther)june 23, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test1july 13, 2003
DragonFly BSDjuly 16, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 8/03july 29, 2003
Solaris 10 Previewjuly 29, 2003
SCO UnixWare 7.1.3 /OKPjuly 31, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.7
august 18, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4 betaaugust 11, 2003
IRIX 6.5.21august 6, 2003
Linux 2.4.22august 25, 2003
Linux 2.6.0-test11november 26, 2003
Mac OS X10.2.8
september 22, 2003
Mac OS X Server10.2.8
september 22, 2003
FreeBSD 4.9october 28, 2003
Darwin 6.7sept. 22, 2003
Darwin 6.8sept. 22, 2003
MirBSD #5june 11, 2003
MirBSD #6july 8, 2003
MirBSD #7semelseptember 28, 2003
OpenBSD 3.4november 1, 2003
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-1october 20, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1november 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3Server
october 24, 2003
Darwin 7.0october 24, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K4july 29, 2003
GNU-Darwin 1.1october 8, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3october 24, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.1Server
november 10, 2003
Darwin 7.0.1november 14, 2003
MirBSD #7bisoctober 4, 2003
IRIX 6.5.22november 5, 2003
ekkoBSDaugust 6, 2003
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA1Bnovember 25, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-BETAnovember 26, 2003
MirBSD #7ternovember 22, 2003
Linux 2.4.23november 28, 2003
Darwin7.1
Minix 2.0.4november 23, 2003
Debian GNU/Hurd K5november 24, 2003
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 1july 31, 2003
MicroBSD 0.7 betaoctober 27, 2003
Unicos/mp 2.2july 2003
Unicos/mp 2.3october 2003
HP-UX 11.23 aka 11iv2 (IA)september 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0309septembre 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv10306
june 2003
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 2october 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2december 17, 2003
Linux 2.6.0december 17, 2003
Solaris 9 OE 12/03december 2003
FreeBSD 5.2-RC1december 10, 2003
Mac OS X 10.3.2 Serverdecember 19, 2003
Darwin 7.2december 19, 2003
FreeBSD 5.2january 12, 2004
Linux 2.6.1january 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.24january 5, 2004
2004
Linux 2.6.4march 10, 2004
IRIX 6.5.23february 4, 2004
Linux 2.0.40february 8, 2004
Linux 2.4.25february 18, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 2february 18, 2004
ekkoBSD BETA 2february 18, 2004
Linux 2.2.26february 24, 2004
FreeBSD 5.2.1february 25, 2004
NetBSD 1.6.2february 29, 2004
DragonFly BSD (beta)march 5, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3march 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.3 Servermarch 15, 2004
Darwin 7.3march 15, 2004
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0bdecember 7, 2003
4.3BSD-Quasijarus0cfebruary 15, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 4/04april 1, 2004
Linux 2.6.6may 9, 2004
z/OS, z/OS.e Unix V1R5march 26, 2004
NonStop-UX C63february 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.26april 14, 2004
OpenBSD 3.5may 1, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4may 26, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.4Server
may 26, 2004
Darwin 7.4may 26, 2004
FreeBSD 4.10may 27, 2004
IRIX 6.5.24may 5, 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K6may 9, 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4june 15, 2004
Linux 2.6.7june 15, 2004
DragonFly BSD 1.0-RC1june 28, 2004
QNX 6.3june 3, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta)june 28, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 Server(Tiger beta)
june 28, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0
july 12, 2004
ekkoBSD 1.0 BETA 2july 7, 2004
AIX 5L v5.3(announced)july 13, 2004
OpenDarwin 7.2.1july 16, 2004
DragonFlyBSD 1.0A
july 15, 2004
OpenServer 5.0.7 Update Pack 3july 9, 2004
Linux 2.4.27august 7, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5august 9, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.5Server
august 9, 2004
Linux 2.6.8august 13, 2004
Diamond SVR6 (announced)august 3, 2004
Silver OSjuly 10, 2004
MirBSD #7quaterjune 14, 2004
IRIX 6.5.25august 4, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.4march 2004
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-2may 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0403march 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0312december 2003
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0406june 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 1
july 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 3may 2004
Linux 2.6.8.1august 14, 2004
Darwin 7.5august 10, 2004
GNU-Darwin1.1 rc1
august 17, 2004
Solaris 9 OE 9/04august 16, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3-BETA1august 22, 2004
FreeBSD 5.3november 6, 2004
OpenBSD 3.6october 29, 2004
Triance OS1.0-BETA
august 23, 2004
Darwin 8.0b1september 2004
FireFly BSD 1.0september 2004
Debian GNU/Hurd K7september 22, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC1september 27, 2004
z/OS Unix V1R6september 24, 2004
Linux 2.6.9october 18, 2004
MirBSD #8-betaoctober 16, 2004
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger beta 2)october 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.6november 5, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.6 Server
november 5, 2004
Darwin 7.6november 6, 2004
Linux 2.4.28november 17, 2004
Solaris 10(announced)
november 15, 2004
IRIX 6.5.26november 3, 2004
NetBSD 2.0december 9, 2004
NetBSD 2.0 RC5november 12, 2004
Darwin 7.7december 15, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.7december 15, 2004Mac OS X 10.3.7
Serverdecember 15, 2004
FreeBSD 4.11january 25, 2005
Linux 2.6.10december 24, 2004
Linux 2.4.29january 19, 2005
GNU-Darwin 1.1 rc2september 29, 2004
Solaris 10january 31, 2005
AIX 5L v5.3.0august 30, 2004
Mac OS X 10.3.8february 9, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.8Server
february 9, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K8december 30, 2004
Unicos/mp 2.5november 2004
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0409 (IA/PA)september 2004
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0412december 2004
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 2
february 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 4december 2004
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 5january 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Maintenance Level 1
january 2005
Darwin 7.8february 9, 2005
2005
Linux 2.6.11march 2, 2005
OpenServer 6(Legend beta)
february 23, 2005
FreeBSD 5.4may 9, 2005
Linux 2.4.30april 3, 2005
DragonFly BSD 1.2.0march 8, 2005
Darwin 7.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.3.9 Serverapril 15, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.2april 15, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4 Serverapril 29, 2005
Unicos/mp 3.0march 2005
Gnuppix GNU/Hurd-L40503
march 1, 2005
Darwin 8.0.1april 29, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1may 16, 2005
Darwin 8.1may 16, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.1 Servermay 19, 2005
OpenBSD 3.7may 19, 2005
Debian GNU/Hurd K9may 13, 2005
Linux 2.4.31may 31, 2005
Linux 2.6.12june 17, 2005
OpenSolaris(announced)june 14, 2005
OpenServer 6june 22, 2005
IRIX 6.5.27february 2, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.2Server
july 12, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.2
july 12, 2005
Darwin 8.2july 12, 2005
FreeBSD 6(announced)july 2, 2005
FreeBSD 6BETA 3
august 29, 2005
Linux 2.6.13august 28, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7may 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.7.8july 18, 2005
IRIX 6.5.28august 3, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC1july 25, 2005
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-3
june 2, 2005
OpenSolaris(build 21)
july 26, 2005
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 1
august 4, 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0505may 2005
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 6may 2005
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 2may 2005
z/OS Unix V1R7september 30, 2005
NetBSD 2.1november 2, 2005
Solaris 9 OE 9/05september 3, 2005
Solaris 11 beta Nevada build 23october 18, 2005
PC-BSD 0.8.3october 23, 2005
Linux 2.6.14october 27, 2005
FreeBSD 6.0november 4, 2005
NetBSD 2.0.3october 31, 2005
OpenBSD 3.8november 1, 2005
Mac OS X10.4.3
october 31, 2005
Darwin 8.3october 31, 2005
Mac OS X 10.4.3Server
october 31, 2005
Linux 2.4.32november 16, 2005
Minix 3V3.0, V3.1, V3.1.1october 24, 2005
NetBSD 3.0december 23, 2005
MirBSD #8december 23, 2005
PC-BSD 1.0rc1november 10, 2005
Linux 2.6.15january 2, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.4january 8, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.4
january 10, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.4Server
january 10, 2006
Darwin 8.4jan. 10, 2006
FreeBSD 6.1may 8, 2006
FreeBSD 5.5may 25, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.5Server
february 15, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.5
february 15, 2006
Darwin 8.5february 15, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0rc2january 20, 2006
Linux 2.6.16march 20, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K10october 26, 2005
Minix 3 V3.1.2amay 29, 2006
Mac OS X10.4.6
april 3, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.6Server
april 3, 2006
Darwin 8.6april 10, 2006
Solaris 10 1/06january 25, 2006
PC-BSD 1.0april 28, 2006
OpenBSD 3.9may 1, 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0509september 2005
PC-BSD1.1may 28,
2006DragonFly BSD 1.4.4
april 23, 2006
Plan 920060522
may 21, 2006
GNU-Darwin 1.1 Opteronmay 26, 2006
FreeDarwin PR1march 16, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC2october 8, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0-RC3november 26, 2005
DesktopBSD 1.0march 28, 2006
IRIX 6.5.29february 8, 2006
2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0512december 2005
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0603march 2006
OpenSolaris (build 38)march 28, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K11april 26, 2006
Unicos/mp 3.1april 2006
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 2
march 7, 2006
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 3
january 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 ML 7september 2005
AIX 5L v5.2Technology Level 8
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 ML 3september 2005
AIX 5L v5.3Technology Level 4
february 2006
AIX 5L v5.1 ML 9september 2005
PC-BSD 1.11june 19, 2006
Solaris 10 6/06june 26, 2006
Linux 2.6.17june 18, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.1july 24, 2006
PC-BSD 1.2july 12, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.6.0july 24, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7june 27, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.7Server
june 27, 2006
Plan 920060628
june 28, 2006
Linux 2.4.33august 11, 2006
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard, beta)august 7, 2006
Darwin 8.7august 16, 2006
NetBSD 3.1november 4, 2006
IRIX 6.5.30august 16, 2006
Linux 2.6.18september 20, 2006
AIX 5L v5.3 TL5august 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8september 30, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.8Server
september 30, 2006
FreeBSD 6.2january 15, 2007
Darwin 8.8november 8, 2006
OpenBSD 4.0november 1, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3december 31, 2006
NetBSD 3.0.2november 4, 2006
Linux 2.6.19november 29, 2006
Solaris 10 11/06december 12, 2006
PC-BSD 1.3.01january 6, 2007
Linux 2.6.20february 4, 2007
Linux 2.4.34december 23, 2006
DragonFly BSD 1.8.0january 30, 2007
z/OS Unix V1R8september 29, 2006
Mac OS X 10.4.9march 13, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.9Server
march 13, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.8.1
march 27, 2007
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0606june2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0606june 2006
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0609september 2006
HP-UX 11.31 aka 11iv3february 2007
AppleTV 1.0march 21, 2007
OpenSolaris (build 52)october 19, 2006
Debian GNU/Hurd K14november 27, 2006
MirBSD #9june 25, 2006
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-4december 2006
HP-UX 11.11/11iv1/0612december 2006
AIX 5L v5.2 TL9august 2006
2.11BSD patch 445december 26, 2006
DesktopBSD 1.6-RC3july 25, 2007
Darwin 8.9april 17, 2007
Linux 2.6.22july 8, 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3april 13, 2007
2007
OpenBSD 4.1may 1, 2007
Linux 2.4.35july 26, 2007
Linux 2.6.21april 26, 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0706june 2007
Minix 3 V3.1.3ajune 8, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10Server
june 20, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.10june 20, 2007
PC-BSD 1.4september 24, 2007
Linux 2.6.23october 9, 2007
AIX 6 open betajuly 11, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.0
august 6, 2007
AppleTV 1.1june 20, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0june 29, 2007
iPhone OS 1.0.2august 21, 2007
Linux 2.4.35.2september 8, 2007
DragonFly BSD1.10.1
august 21, 2007
iPhone OS 1.1.1sept. 27, 2007
iPod OS 1.1sept. 13, 2007
NetBSD 4.0 RC3october 19, 2007
Solaris 10 update 4 8/07september 4, 2007
Solaris 11 betaNevada build 74october 9, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5(Leopard)
october 26, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5Server
october 26, 2007
Darwin 8.10october 30, 2007
Darwin 9.0october 30, 2007
OpenSolaris(build 78)
october 29, 2007
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 1 (0709)september 2007
Linux 2.4.35.3september 23, 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL6june 2007
z/OS Unix V1R9august 7, 2007
PureDarwin2007
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10june 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1august 5, 2007
OpenBSD 4.2november 1, 2007iPhone OS 1.1.2
november 1, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11Server
november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.4.11november 14, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1november 15, 2007
Mac OS X 10.5.1Server
november 15, 2007
Linux 2.6.24january 24, 2008
PC-BSD 1.4.1november 16, 2007
FreeBSD 7.0february 27, 2008
OpenSolaris(build 86)
march 4, 2008
Linux 2.4.36january 1, 2008
NetBSD 4.0december 19, 2007
FreeBSD 6.3january 18, 2008
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 3november 2, 2007
DesktopBSD 1.6january 9, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.3january 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2february 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.2Server
february 11, 2008
Darwin 9.2february 13, 2008
AppleTV 2.0feb. 12, 2008
Linux 2.6.25april 17, 2008
Darwin 8.11november 14, 2008
Darwin 9.1november 15, 2007
PC-BSD 1.5march 12, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12february 26, 2008
iPhone OS 1.1.4february 26, 2008
MirBSD #10march 16, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.1march 28, 2008
AppleTV 2.0.2april 14, 2008
Linux 2.6.26july 13, 2008
OpenBSD 4.3may 1, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.05(Indiana)
may 5, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3may 28, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.3Server
may 29, 2008
Darwin 9.3june 19, 2008
AIX 6.1november 9, 2007
AIX 6.1 TL1may 30, 2008
PC-BSD 1.5.1april 23, 2008
DragonFly BSD 1.12.2april 20, 2008
AppleTV 2.1july 10, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0july 11, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4june 30, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.4Server
june 30, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 2 (0803)march 2008
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0712december 2007
HP-UX 11.23/11iv2/0806june 2008
Solaris 10 update 5 05/08april 17, 2008
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4Maintenance Pack 4
june 11,2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL7november 2007
AIX 5L v5.3 TL8april 2008
Debian GNU/Hurd K15november 19, 2007
Debian GNU/Hurd K16december 21, 2007
Android betanovember 5, 2007
MidnightBSD 0.1.1november 4, 2007
2008
DragonFly BSD 2.0july 20, 2008
iPhone OS 2.0.1august 4, 2008
Darwin 9.4july 18, 2008
Linux 2.6.27october 9, 2008
Linux 2.4.37december 2, 2008
iPhone OS 2.1september 12, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5september 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.5Server
september 15, 2008
Darwin 9.5september 17, 2008
PC-BSD 7september 16, 2008
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3 Update 3 (0809)september 2008
AppleTV 2.2october 2, 2008
Linux 2.6.28december 24, 2008
OpenBSD 4.4october 31, 2008
Solaris 10 update 6 10/08october 31, 2008
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0october 30, 2008
iPhone OS 2.2november 21, 2008
AppleTV 2.3november 20, 2008
FreeBSD 6.4november 28, 2008
OpenSolaris 2008.11december 1, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6december 15, 2008
Mac OS X 10.5.6Server
december 15, 2008
Darwin 9.6december 18, 2008
PureDarwin Xmasdecember 25, 2008
FreeBSD 7.1january 5, 2009
iPhone OS 2.2.1january 27, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2february 17, 2009
OpenServer 6Maintenance Pack 4
february 9, 2009
AppleTV 2.3.1february 25, 2009
NetBSD 4.0.1october 14, 2008
AIX 5L v5.3 TL9november 2008
AIX 6.1 TL2november 2008
z/OS Unix V1R10september 26, 2008
Android 1.0september 23, 2008
Android 1.1february 9, 2009
MidnightBSD 0.2.1august 30, 2008
2.11BSD patch 446december 27, 2008
2.11BSD patch 447december 31, 2008
Linux 2.6.29march 23, 2009
FreeBSD 7.2may 4, 2009
Linux 2.6.30june 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1april 11, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 4 (0903)
april 9, 2009
2009NetBSD 5.0
april 29, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.2.1april 26, 2009
OpenBSD 4.5may 1, 2009
Solaris 10 update 7 05/09april 30, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7may 12, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.7Server
may 12, 2009
Darwin 9.7may 14, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL10may 2009
AIX 6.1 TL3may 2009
OpenSolaris 2009.06june 1, 2009
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-5march 2009
iPhone OS 3.0june 17, 2009
AppleTV 2.4june 24, 2009
Linux 2.6.31september 9, 2009
PC-BSD 7.1.1july 6, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 beta 1july 7, 2009
iPhone OS 3.0.1july 31, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8august 5, 2009
Mac OS X 10.5.8Server
august 5, 2009
Darwin 9.8august 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6(Snow Leopard)august 28, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6Server
august 28, 2009
Darwin 10.0august 28, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1september 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1september 10, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.1Server
september 10, 2009
DragonFly BSD 2.4september 16, 2009
Darwin 10.1september 15, 2009
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 5 (0909)september 2009
FreeBSD 8.0 RC1september 21, 2009
NetBSD 5.0.1august 2, 2009
iPhone OS 3.1.2october 8, 2009
Solaris 10update 8 10/09october 8, 2009
OpenBSD 4.6october 18, 2009
AppleTV 3.0october 29, 2009
DesktopBSD 1.7september 7, 2009
Debian GNU/Hurd L1october 19, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.4 (4203)march 26, 2009
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.1may 2009
z/OS Unix V1R11september 25, 2009
Android 1.5Cupcake
april 30, 2009
Android 1.6Donut
september 15, 2009
Android 2.0Eclair
october 26, 2009
AIX 5L v5.3 TL11october 2009
AIX 5L v5.2 TL10 SP8july 1, 2009
AppleTV 3.0.1november 7, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2november 9, 2009
Mac OS X 10.6.2Server
november 9, 2009
Linux 2.6.32december 2, 2009
FreeBSD 8.0november 26, 2009
Darwin 10.2november 13, 2009
Linux 2.6.33february 24, 2010
PC-BSD 8.0february 22, 2010
iPhone OS 3.1.3february 2, 2010
AppleTV 3.0.2february 10, 2010
FreeBSD 7.3march 23, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3march 29, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.3Server
march 29, 2010
DragonFly BSD 2.6.1april 6, 2010
Darwin 10.3april 1, 2010
Linux 2.6.34may 16, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 6 (1003)
march 2010
NetBSD 5.0.2february 12, 2010
OpenBSD 4.7may 19, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1 beta 1may 29, 2010
iPhone OS 3.2april 3, 2010
OpenSolaris 2010.03march 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4june 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server
june 15, 2010
Darwin 10.4june 17, 2010
2010
PC-BSD 8.1july 20, 2010
iOS 4.0june 21, 2010
iOS 3.2.1july 15, 2010
iOS 4.0.1july 15, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.4Server Update 1.1
july 22, 2010
Linux 2.6.35august 1, 2010
AIX 7 open betajuly 14, 2010
FreeBSD 8.1july 23, 2010
iOS 4.0.2august 11, 2010
iOS 3.2.2august 11, 2010
Linux 2.6.36october 20, 2010
Solaris 10 update 9 09/10september 8, 2010
iOS 4.1sept. 8, 2010
OpenIndianabuild 147
september 14, 2010
OpenBSD 4.8november 1, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5november 10, 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server
november 10, 2010
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 7 (1009)september 2010
Tru64 Unix V5.1B-6october 2010
AIX 7.1september 10, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.5november 5, 2009
Minix 3 V3.1.6february 8, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.7june 16, 2010
Minix 3 V3.1.8october 4, 2010
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5.0july 2010
z/OS Unix V1R12september 24, 2010
Android 2.1january 12, 2010
Android 2.2Froyo
may 20, 2010
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL4november 2009
AIX 6.1 TL5april 2010
AIX 6.1 TL6september 2010
Mac OS X 10.6.5Server Update 1.1
november 15, 2010
Darwin 10.5november 17, 2010
NetBSD 5.1november 19, 2010
Solaris 11Express 2010.11
november 15, 2010
iOS 4.2.1november 22, 2010
Linux 2.4.37.11december 18, 2010
Linux 2.6.37january 4, 2011
2011
Darwin 10.6january 9, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6january 6, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.6Server
january 6, 2011
Linux 2.6.38march 15, 2011
Mac OS X 10.7 beta (Lion)february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 8.2february 24, 2011
PC-BSD 8.2february 24, 2011
FreeBSD 7.4february 24, 2011
iOS 4.3march 9,
2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7march 21, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.7Server
march 21, 2011
Darwin 10.7march 28, 2011
Linux 2.6.39may 18, 2011
iOS 4.3.1march 25,
2011
iOS 4.3.2april 14,
2011
DragonFly BSD 2.10.1april 26, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 8 (1103)
march 2011
iOS 4.3.3may 4,2011
OpenBSD 4.9may 1, 2011
iOS 4.3.4july 15, 2011
OS X Lion10.7
july 20, 2011
Darwin 10.8june 27, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8june 23, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server
june 23, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0 betajuly 18, 2011
Darwin 11.0july 20,
2011
GNU/Hurd 0.401april 1, 2011
Linux 3.0july 22, 2011
OpenIndianabuild 148
december 17, 2010
Android 2.3Gingerbread
december 6, 2010
Android 3.0Honeycomb
february 22, 2011Android 3.1
may 10, 2011Android 3.2july 15, 2011
MidnightBSD 0.3january 28, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8v1.1
july 25, 2011
Mac OS X 10.6.8Server v1.1
july 25, 2011
iOS 4.3.5july 25, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.1
august 20, 2011
Darwin 11.1august 25,
2011
Linux 2.6.39.4august 3, 2011
Linux 3.1october 24, 2011
iOS 5october 12, 2011
OS X Lion10.7.2
october 12, 2011
Darwin 11.2october 12, 2011
Oracle Solaris 10 8/11september 15, 2011
BlackBerry BBX(announced)
october 18, 2011
OpenBSD 5.0november 1, 2011
Oracle Solaris 11november 9, 2011
Linux 3.2january 4, 2012
2012
PC-BSD 9.0january 13, 2012
FreeBSD 9.0january 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.1
february 22, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.3
february 1, 2012
Darwin 11.3february 6, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8 beta
february 16, 2012
Minix 3 V3.2.0february 29, 2012
NetBSD 5.1.2february 11, 2012
Linux 3.3march 18, 2012
OpenIndianabuild 151a
september 14, 2011
Android 4.0.1Ice Cream Sandwich
october 19, 2011Android 4.0.3
december 16, 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 9
september 2011
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 10
march 2012
z/OS Unix V1R13september 30, 2011
iOS 5.1march 7, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL7october 2011AIX 7.1 TL1october 2011
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP5october 21, 2011
FreeBSD 8.3avril 18, 2012
OpenBSD 5.1may 1, 2012
BlackBerry 10(announced)may 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.4
may 9, 2012
Darwin 11.4may 18, 2012
iOS 5.1.1may 7, 2012
Android 4.0.4march 29, 2012
Linux 3.4may 20, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.2
march 26, 2012
iOS 6.0 betajune 11, 2012
Linux 3.5july 21, 2012
Android 4.1.1Jelly Bean
july 9, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8
july 21, 2012
AIX 5L v5.3 TL12 SP6june 27, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.1
august 23, 2012
Linux 3.6september 30, 2012
Darwin 12august 1, 2012
QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.5 SP1july 11, 2012
iOS 6.0september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2
september 19, 2012
Darwin 12.1august 28, 2012
Darwin 12.2october 1, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5
september 19, 2012
OS X Mountain Lion10.8.2 update 1.0october 4, 2012
OS X Lion10.7.5 update 1.0october 4, 2012
Oracle Solaris 11.1october 4, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.0.3
august 22, 2012
NetBSD 6.0october 17, 2012
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1november 2, 2012
OpenBSD 5.2november 1, 2012
iOS 6.0.1november 1, 2012
Android4.1.2
oct. 9, 2012
Android4.2
oct. 29, 2012
Linux 3.7december 10, 2012
HP-UX 11.31/11iv3Update 11
september 2012
Android 4.2.1november 27, 2012
iOS 6.0.2december 18, 2012
FreeBSD 9.1november 12, 2012
DragonFly BSD3.2.2
december 16, 2012
PC-BSD 9.1december 18, 2012
AIX 7.1 TL2november 9, 2012
AIX 6.1 TL8november 9, 2012
NetBSD 6.0.1december 27, 2012
Linux 3.7.4january 21, 2013
2013
July 2013 from http://www.levenez.com/unix/
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 9
1 · Toolbox basis Why use Unix? · 1.1
Why GNU/Linux
I It’s for free. Imagine you’d have to pay for the software you use...
I It’s free. Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) ⇒ allows for a lookunder the hood, and even distribution of your own modifications.
I It gives you freedom. If there’s only FOSS on your device, you’re incontrol of what it does. Otherwise, you’re not!
Getting GNU/Linux
Debian http://www.debian.org/Arch Linux http://www.archlinux.org/
Ubuntu http://www.ubuntu.com/Linux Mint http://linuxmint.com/
Fedora http://fedoraproject.org/many more http://distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resource=major
“Live systems” are not an appropriate substitute: Poor performance, nopersistence, not extensible, ...
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 10
1 · Toolbox basis Why use Unix? · 1.1
Without Linux you’re pretty much doomed
Workstations are available in the pools:
V304 a few Linux boxes, some Macs, and some empty space to work withyour own machines.
Y326 about 4 PCs (rear left), the rest of the lot belongs to theeconomists (FB WiWi).
Log in with your RZ-Account5.
For those with an Apple
I Mac OS X seems to be suitable for this lecture.
I You will encounter subtle deviations, i.e., some commands will notbehave as shown in this lecture.
I All the software we use should be availabe for you, too.
Remote login to one of our compute servers (cf. page 15).
5i.e., user.name as in your email address @uni..., and the according passwordStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 11
1 · Toolbox basis What the shell... · 1.2
1.2 What the shell...
What is the shell?
I A command interpreter, it reads the commands you type in, andexecutes them. (...um, yes, it does look somewhat like MS-DOS)
Why use this arcane style of user interaction?
I It’s a flexible, versatile, and powerful tool,
I it’s available on all unices,
I it can be combined easily with other tools,
I it can be used to easily combine other tools,
I and works locally as well as remote.
Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) abstract from fundamental concepts,making the most common tasks easy, and everything else impossible.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 12
1 · Toolbox basis What the shell... · 1.2
Showroom
Try this using your OS’s standard GUI tools:
I Find the top ten words in a file:
1 grep -o -E '\w+' bigFile.txt | sort -f | uniq -ci | sort -rn | head -10
I For all files in this folder, change the suffix from jpg to jpeg.
1 ls | sed -n 's/^\(.*\)jpg$/mv & \1jpeg/p' | sh
Basically, in the shell you organise the way in which a bunch of small toolscooperate to get the job done.
The aim of this course is to give you
I an introduction to some of these small tools,
I the knowledge how to combine them, and
I an idea about where to find tools yet unknown to you.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 13
1 · Toolbox basis What the shell... · 1.2
Getting a shell
Linux & Mac There are various terminal emulators available. On Linux,xterm is most commonly installed. On Mac OS X, look for the “Terminal”application.
What you see inside the window isthe shell. The window itself is aterminal emulator. More on thatlater.
sk@phobos90:~$
Windows Users For the long term, you need toI toss Windows, and install Linux. Seriously!
• But better don’t fry your only running system during the semester.
I Until then, you may try to• establish a remote session with our compute servers (cf. page 15),• or install a virtual machine6 running Linux.• Emulations (e.g., CygWin) are not recommended.
6e.g., Virtual Box, http://www.virtualbox.org/Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 14
1 · Toolbox basis Remote login to titan07 · 1.3
1.3 Remote login to titan07
If you suffer from having Windows installed, there’s help:
I Use the compute server titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de,
I log in via Secure Shell (SSH)
user name the pop number7 associated with your RZ-accountpassword the password you use for email.
PuTTY8 is a free SSH client forWindows. A series of screenshotsdemonstrating how to log in is inthe lecture’s public repository9.
7https://www.rz.uni-konstanz.de/angebote/e-mail/usermanager/8http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/9https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/putty.zipStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 15
1 · Toolbox basis Remote login to titan07 · 1.3
Secure Shell from the Command Line
Of course, you can also use SSH from Linux & Mac OS.
ssh user@host z Log in to host as user, and run the default shell.
1 sk@verne:~$ ssh [email protected] # on my machine2 The authenticity of host 'titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de (134.34.224.26)'3 can't be established.
4 ECDSA key fingerprint is 16:7e:fc:e6:bb:9d:f7:e8:bd:4c:4b:f6:66:bc:27:9d.
5 Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes # only once6 Warning: Permanently added 'titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de' (ECDSA) to the
7 list of known hosts.
8 Password: #RZ-password that came with your mail acount9 Last login: Thu Jan 24 13:57:37 2013 from verne.inf.uni-konstanz.de
10 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ # now I’m working on titan07
I You should check that the shown key fingerprint appears in theprovided10 listing.
I We will return to SSH later in this course.
10https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/titan07-fingerprintsStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 16
2First steps
$
2 · First steps Anatomy of a shell · 2.1
2.1 Anatomy of a shell
There are many shells. We use the GNU Bourne-Again SHell: bash.
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $
I You should see a cursor , its appearance may vary, sometimes it evenblinks.
I The text to the left of the cursor ist the shell prompt.• May vary between hosts, it may be as modest as a plain $.• On titan07 it is: user@host ~ $.
I Type in a command. You’ll learn a lot of commands this term...
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ echo hello shell
2 hello shell
3 pop09951@titan07 ~ $
Basic work cycle The shell prompts you → You type in something →The shell runs it → You see the results, and another prompt.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 18
2 · First steps Anatomy of a shell · 2.1
What is a command?
The shell needs to interpret your input to find out what to do.For simple commands11, the procedure is:
1. The shell splits your input into words.
2. The first word specifies the command to be executed.
3. The remaining words are passed as arguments to the invoked command.
Review the example:
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ echo hello shell
2 hello shell
3 pop09951@titan07 ~ $
I What is the command being run?
I What are the arguments?
I What does the command do withits arguments?
Note The splitting into words can be quite tricky. Avoid whitespace infile names! (more on that later)
11we will discuss not so simple commands later in this courseStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 19
2 · First steps What’s around us? · 2.2
2.2 What’s around us?
I Unix-principle: Everything is a file.
I Files are organized in directories,which form a hierarchical structure.
I The root directory is denoted by aslash: /.
I A file is uniquely identified by its pathfrom the root, e.g., /usr/bin/ssh.
I The shell has a current workingdirectory, the command pwd prints itsname.
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ pwd
2 /home/pop09951
Initial location: your home directory.
/
bin/
nano
bash
ls
cpboot/
dev/
etc/
init.d/
skel/
passwd
nanorchome/
tmp/
sbin/
usr/
bin/
ssh
rsync
sortlocal/
lib/
man/
share/var/
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 20
2 · First steps Looking and moving around · 2.3
Looking around
ls [-l] [-a] [name...] z List the current directory, or names if given.Use -l to get the long listing, -a to see all files.
I Arguments are passed to a command by typing them right behind thecommand name, separated by spaces.
I It is common style in Unix documentation to mark optional argumentswith brackets [·], and an ellipses ... indicates optional repetition.
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ ls #No output ⇒ nothing here?2 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ ls -a
3 . .. .bash_history .bash_logout .k5login .mateconf .profile .ssh
I By convention, a file whose name starts with a dot is not listed.⇒ dot-file is Unix jargon for “hidden file”.
Which of the listed items are files, which are directories?
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 21
2 · First steps Looking and moving around · 2.3
Getting more details
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ ls -a -l # short options may be combined, e.g., ls -la
2 total 32 # 1k-blocks allocated in this dierectory by listed items3 drwx------ 4 pop09951 domain_users 4096 Feb 11 11:31 .
4 drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Jan 31 09:38 ..
5 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 993 Feb 11 11:32 .bash_history
6 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 220 Apr 3 2012 .bash_logout
7 -rw-r--r-- 1 pop09951 domain_users 54 Feb 11 11:31 .k5login
8 drwx------ 2 pop09951 domain_users 4096 Feb 11 12:29 .mateconf
9 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 675 Apr 3 2012 .profile
10 drwxr-xr-x 2 pop09951 domain_users 4096 Feb 11 11:32 .ssh
d rwxr-xr-x 2 pop09951 domain_users 4096 Feb 11 11:32 .ssh
-=re
gular
file,
d=dire
ctor
y
size
inby
tes
time
ofla
st
modifi
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filenam
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Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 22
2 · First steps Looking and moving around · 2.3
Moving around
Why move at all?
I Unless told otherwise, the commands you issue always work on thecurrent working directory, e.g., ls lists only the current directory.
pwd z Print working directory.
cd [dir] z Change directory to dir, or to home directory if dir is omitted.
I If you change the directory, you’ll see the prompt change as well:The tilde ~ is a common abbreviation for your home directory.
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ cd /etc # switch to another directory2 pop09951@titan07 /etc $ pwd # you run pwd in the directory /etc
3 /etc # response printed by pwd
4 pop09951@titan07 /etc $ cd schluargl # it’s an error if the directory does not exist...5 -bash: cd: schluargl: No such file or directory # ...and we do not move6 pop09951@titan07 /etc $ cd # no argument, so go back home7 pop09951@titan07 ~ $
⇒ The default prompt shows the shell’s working directory.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 23
2 · First steps Looking and moving around · 2.3
I Paths can be absolute (leading slash /), or relative to the currentdirectory (without leading slash).
1 pop09951@titan07 whatever $ cd /usr # an absolute path2 pop09951@titan07 /usr $ cd local/bin # from /usr go to local/bin
3 pop09951@titan07 /usr/local/bin $
I Every directory contains two extra entries:
. refers to the directory it appears in, and.. refers to the respective parent directory.
4 pop09951@titan07 /usr/local/bin $ cd .. # go to parent directory5 pop09951@titan07 /usr/local $ cd ../share # go to sibling named share
6 pop09951@titan07 /usr/share $ cd . # stay in the current directory7 pop09951@titan07 /usr/share $ cd ../lib/../bin # intermediate dirs must exist8 pop09951@titan07 /usr/bin $
I Two more commands:
mkdir dir z Make directory dir.
rmdir dir z Remove directory dir, fails if dir is not empty.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 24
2 · First steps Editing files · 2.4
2.4 Editing files
I There are a lot of text editors available.I You may choose any editor you like if it is suitable for plain text.
Microsoft Word is not! We’ll discuss later what plain text actually means.
I I’ll show you nano for a quick start, and more complex editors later inthe lecture.
nano [file] z Run nano and open file, or an empty buffer if omitted.
I The prompt disappears, you’re inside nano now. Type some text...
I At the bottom, some key bindings are shown. Type ˆO (i.e., Ctrl-O) tosave the file, name it “greeting”. Type ˆX to end nano.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 25
2 · First steps Managing files · 2.5
2.5 Managing files
rm [-r] file... z Remove files.
I Recursively remove all subdirectories, if -r is given.
cp [-r] source dest z Copy source to dest.
I If dest is a directory, copy into it.I If source is not a directory, and a file dest exists, overwrite it.
mv source dest z Move source to dest.
I If dest is a directory, move into it.I If dest does not exist, rename source to dest.I If source is not a directory, and a file dest exists, replace it.
Watch out Use all these commands with extreme care. There’s no safetynet, i.e., no “trashbin”, and no “undo”. The shell is a pretty good place toloose data.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 26
2 · First steps Looking into files · 2.6
2.6 Looking into files
So here’s our new file:1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ ls -l greeting
2 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 12 Jan 31 21:03 greeting
file file... z What kind of data is in the file?
cat file... z Concatenate files and print their contents.
less file z Show file and allow scrolling and searching. Press h for help.(about the name: less is more, improved. more is the traditional Unix file browser)
3 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ file greeting
4 greeting: ASCII text
5 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ cat greeting
6 hello world
7 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ less /usr/share/games/fortunes/literature
Exercise Play with these commands.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 27
2 · First steps Getting help · 2.7
2.7 Getting help Most important section!
There are various help systems around on a Unix system:
man The standard means of documentation on Unix: manual pages.
help Documentation of shell builtins.
info Arcane hypertext format, commonly used by GNU projects.
And there’s the web, of course.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 28
2 · First steps Getting help · 2.7
Unix manual pages
I Manual pages (aka. man-pages) are organized in sections.
I Different pages with the same name may exist in different sections.
I Common notation to reference a manual page: name(section).
man [section] name z Show the man-page about name (i.e., program,utility, or function). Limit search to a section, or show first match.
whatis name z Shows header of named manual pages across sections.
apropos keyword z Search manual page descriptions for keyword.
A list of sections is available in man(1), the man-page about man.
I Usually the cursor keys and page keys should work for scrolling.Otherwise, use f (b) to scroll forward (backward).
I Press h for help, and q to quit.
Exercise Check out nano(1), and the pages of other commands you haveseen so far. (No need to read’em all — for now.)
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 29
2 · First steps Getting help · 2.7
Help from the shell
1 $ man cd #There might be no man-page for the cd command.2 No manual entry for cd
The command cd is a shell builtin, i.e., part of the shell. So it may nothave its own manual page (on some systems it has).
type [name...] z For each name show whether it’s a shell builtin.
help [builtin...] z Display information about builtin commands.
3 $ type cd nano
4 cd is a shell builtin # so this is part of the shell5 nano is /usr/bin/nano # path to program to be run6 $ help cd
7 cd: cd [-L|[-P [-e]]] [dir]
8 Change the shell working directory. # i have pruned the output a little
Being part of the shell, cd (and all other builtins) are also documented inbash(1).
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 30
2 · First steps Getting help · 2.7
The info system
The info system is accessed through an interactive hypertext browser12.
info [item...] z Run the info reader, and display item from the menu, orstart at the directory node, which gives a menu of major topics.
Again, info is controlled with keystrokes. Most important:
h displays a list of key bindings.
H brings up the info manual.
Tab Jump to the next link.
Return Follow the link under the cursor.
q Quit.
Exercise There’s an item on “nano”. Go, have a look.
12The roots of this system predate the success of HTML.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 31
2 · First steps Useful keystrokes · 2.8
2.8 Useful keystrokes
You’ll be typing a lot on the shell. Here’s how you can be even faster:
Up/Down Scroll backward/forward in the history of commands that youhave used recently.
C-r Start a reverse incremental search in the history.Type ahead for searching, or type
C-r to search for the same pattern further backwards,Return to run the line displayed, or
Left/Right to edit the line.
Tab Word completion tries to complete a command if in the firstword, or a filename thereafter. Type Tab twice to see a list ofpossible completeions.
C-c Cancel the current line without executing it, or interrupt therunning process.
C-s/C-q Flow control used to stop/resume terminal output. If yourterminal “hangs”, try C-q first.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 32
3Subversion
3 · Subversion Subversion... as in coup d’etat? · 3.1
3.1 Subversion... as in coup d’etat?
I Subversion (SVN) is a version control system. As such it providesmeans• to keep track of changes between versions of a project,• to allow people to concurrently edit the project,• to resolve conflicting edits, and• to revert to earlier versions of a project.⇒ SVN keeps a log of all changes!
I We consider this lecture a project. I do the slides, you solve theexercises, and the tutors revise them.
I SVN offers sufficient access control to isolate parts of the project.• Everybody can read the public directory. That’s where the lecture slides and
assignments are published.• Each group of students has read & write access to their subdirectory.• The tutors have read & write access to all group’s directories, and probably
some other rights.• My boss and I have global access to read & write.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 34
3 · Subversion Subversion... as in coup d’etat? · 3.1
Basic SVN work cycle
1. Check out a working copy from the central repository.
2. Edit as you like, maybe add further files to the project.• If you screwed up, revert to the version you have checked out.
3. Update your working copy to reflect changes others have committed inthe meantime.• SVN tries to merge new changes into your working copy.• You need to resolve conflicts where SVN fails to guess right.
4. Commit your changes to the central repository.
5. goto 2 (no need to check out again)
Note SVN can only merge edits in plain text data. It cannot trace changesin binaries (images, PDF or “office” documents, compiled programs)
I So do not add binaries to the repository if not absolutely necessary.(Although SVN does have space-efficient binary-diff storage)
I It is better to add the source that generates the binaries.⇒ C sources instead of compiled programs!
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 35
3 · Subversion Subversion... as in coup d’etat? · 3.1
� Important advice �
I Do not add files unrelated to this course.
I Only add the files asked for in the assignment.
I Do not add generated or downloaded data13.
It is extremely difficult to remove data from therepository history, once it has been added.
13Better add information about how to generate, or where to find the data.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 36
3 · Subversion Subversion... as in coup d’etat? · 3.1
SVN’s command line interface
SVN’s understanding of arguments differs from traditional Unix tools:
I SVN can perform a bunch of different tasks.
I Instead of providing a separate program for each of them, there’s onlyone svn program. (well, on the client side)
I Its first argument decides what task to perform.
svn subcommand [argument...] z Execute one of svn’s manysubcommands with the appropriate arguments.
svn help [subcommand] z Display a list of subcommands, or help for theone specified.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 37
3 · Subversion Checkout — svn co · 3.2
3.2 Checkout — svn co
svn co url z Get a working copy from the repository at url.14
To check out the “public”15 part of the lecture’s repository:
I Due to magic, it is the same URL as on page 6.
I I’d suggest doing all this in a dedicated subdir, e.g., ~/sq_15w.
1 sq_15w $ svn co --username your.name https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/
2 Authentication realm: <https://svn.uni-konstanz.de:443> Uni Konstanz Subversion
3 Repository
4 Password for 'your.name': **** # the password for [email protected]
5 # ... a warning message about storing passwords unencrypted ...6 Store password unencrypted (yes/no)? yes # your choice7 # ... list of what's being checked out, may be empty ...8 Checked out revision 73. # number may differ9 sq_15w $ ls
10 pub
11 sq_15w $ ls pub/
12 # ... you should see lecture slides here
14http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.initial.html15due to the current setup, authentification is requiredStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 38
3 · Subversion Checkout — svn co · 3.2
I To check out your group’s (say foobar) private directory16:
13 sq_15w $ svn co --username your.name \
14 > https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/group/foobar
15 #You will not be asked for credentials, if you have stored them in the previous step16 # ... list of what’s being checked out, may be empty ...17 $ ls
18 foobar pub
19
I You now have working copies of two different subdirectories of therepository https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w:
pub is a copy of ^/pub/foobar is a copy of ^/group/foobar/
(Where ^ is an abbreviation for the repository’s location.)
16You’ll learn your group’s name from assignment 1, cf. page 6.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 39
3 · Subversion Query status / Add files — svn st / svn add · 3.3
3.3 Query status / Add files — svn st / svn add
svn st z List files with changes, and new files not yet under SVN’scontrol. No output ⇒ nothing to report.17
svn add file... z Schedule files for addition to the repository.18
I SVN does not automatically take care of files you create in a workingcopy. You need to tell SVN which files to add to the repository.
20 sq_15w $ cd foobar # in your group's directory21 sq_15w/foobar $ nano newfile # create a new file22 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
23 ? newfile # huh? — SVN does not yet handle this file24 sq_15w/foobar $ svn add newfile
25 A newfile # scheduling this file for Addition26 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
27 A newfile #SVN is planning to Add this file to the repository
17http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.examine18http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.editStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 40
3 · Subversion Commit changes — svn ci · 3.4
3.4 Commit changes — svn ci
svn ci -m 'message' [path...] z Commit (aka., check in) all changes,providing a log message. The commit can be limited to certain paths.19
I When satisfied with your changes (e.g., adding a file), you need tocommit them to the repository.
I You have to provide a log message.Without -m, an editor (probably nano) will be launched where you can enter a message.
28 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
29 A newfile #SVN is planning to Add this file to the repository30 sq_15w/foobar $ svn ci -m 'blah blah blah' # use concise messages31 Adding newfile # actually adding this file32 Transmitting file data .
33 Committed revision 14.
34 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st # no output
19http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.commitStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 41
3 · Subversion Updating your working copy — svn up · 3.5
3.5 Updating your working copy — svn up
I You should regularly update your working copies to receive any changescommitted by your fellow students, tutors, or lecturers.
svn up [path...] z update the working copies in each path, or the currentworking directory if no path is given.20
35 sq_15w $ svn up pub
36 At revision 16. # no new lecture slides in pub.37 sq_15w $ svn up foobar
38 A foobar/greeting # greeting has been Added.39 Updated to revision 16.
40 sq_15w $ ls foobar
41 greeting newfile
I How did greeting get there? Probably someone in your group was a bitfaster with the homework.
20http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.updateStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 42
3 · Subversion Show modifications — svn di · 3.6
3.6 Show modifications — svn di
svn di [file...] z Show the differences in the given files, or all files.21
I When editing, svn st tells you which files are new, or have changes, svndi lists the differences. In a format known as unified diff.
42 sq_15w/foobar $ nano greeting # change the file your fellow has checked in43 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
44 M greeting # this file has local Modifications45 sq_15w/foobar $ svn di greeting
46 Index: greeting
47 ===================================================================
48 --- greeting (revision 95) #working copy was last updated to rev 9549 +++ greeting (working copy)
50 @@ -1 +1 @@
51 -hello # this line has been removed52 +hello world # this line has been added
I You may commit modifications with svn ci, cf. page 41.
21http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.examineStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 43
3 · Subversion Undo your changes — svn revert · 3.7
3.7 Undo your changes — svn revert
svn revert file... z Revert changes on file made since the last updateor checkout.22
I If you are unhappy with your modifications, ou may revert to the versionof your last update.
53 sq_15w/foobar $ svn revert greeting
54 Reverted 'greeting'55 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st # no output
I The svn merge command23 even allows to “undo” previously committedrevisions. See the manual, this is rather advanced!
22http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.revert23http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.branchmerge.basicmerging.htmlStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 44
3 · Subversion When things go awry · 3.8
3.8 When things go awry
I There are many possibilities where conflicts can arise.• Two people edit the same region of a file in different ways, so that SVN
cannot merge the edits.• You try to add a file that someone has added after your last checkout.• ...
I If your working copy of modified files is out of date, then svn ci willfail. You need to update first.
I The update may fail, leaving you enough information to sort out themess.
Note Resolution of tree conflicts (cf. page 49) has changed significantlysince Subversion 1.5. A rather complex example24 can be found in themanual.
24http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.treeconflicts.htmlStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 45
3 · Subversion When things go awry · 3.8
A text conflict
Text conflicts arise, when SVN cannot merge concurrent edits thathappened to the same region of a file.I Assume you have edited a file data which is already part of the
repository:
1 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
2 M data #There are local Modifications, waiting to be committed
I But when you try to commit, something strange may happen:
3 sq_15w/foobar $ svn ci -m 'better now'4 Sending data
5 svn: E155011: Commit failed (details follow):
6 svn: E155011: File '/home/sk/sq_15w/foobar/data' is out of date # local path7 svn: E160028: File '/group/foobar/data' is out of date # path in repos
• The local working copy of data is out of date, i.e., someone else hascommitted changes of data after your last update.
• SVN has failed to automatically merge your edits with those alreadycommitted.
I So you first have to update your working copy.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 46
3 · Subversion When things go awry · 3.8
I Let’s do so:8 sq_15w/foobar $ svn up
9 Updating '.':10 C data # this file contains the conflict11 Updated to revision 3.
12 Conflict discovered in file 'data'.13 Select: (p) postpone, (df) show diff, (e) edit file, (m) merge,
14 (mc) my side of conflict, (tc) their side of conflict,
15 (s) show all options: p # see the manual for the other options16 Summary of conflicts:
17 Text conflicts: 1 # there is one text conflict
I The update creates a bunch of new files:18 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
19 C data #merged version of data, contains conflict markers20 ? data.mine # backup of your version of data
21 ? data.r2 # copy of revision 2 of data, i.e., before your edits22 ? data.r3 # copy of revision 3 of data, i.e., the one up to date23 Summary of conflicts:
24 Text conflicts: 1
I Use an editor to fix data, using the other files for reference:1 $ nano data
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 47
3 · Subversion When things go awry · 3.8
Resolving conflicts — svn resolve
svn resolve --accept=working file... z Use the current version offiles to resolve conflicts. See the manual for other values than working
to use with --accept.25
I You cannot commit the working copy until the conflict is resolved:
1 sq_15w/foobar $ svn ci -m 'better now'2 svn: E155015: Commit failed (details follow):
3 svn: E155015: Aborting commit: 'sq_15w/foobar/data' remains in conflict
I You need to tell SVN that you are done with resolving the conflict:
4 sq_15w/foobar $ svn resolve --accept=working data # tell SVN: conflict is resolved5 Resolved conflicted state of 'data'6 sq_15w/foobar$ svn st
7 M data # no conflict any more, but uncommitted modifications8 sq_15w/foobar$ svn ci -m 'merged my edits' # try to commit again, may fail again9 Sending data
10 Transmitting file data .
11 Committed revision 4.
25http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.resolveStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 48
3 · Subversion When things go awry · 3.8
A tree conflict
Tree conflicts arise, when SVN cannot merge concurrent changes in thedirectory structure.
I Assume you have created file1, but not (yet?) scheduled it for additionto the repository.
1 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
2 ? file1 #SVN does not care about this file
I But when you try to update, something strange may happen again:
1 sq_15w/foobar $ svn up
2 Updating '.':3 C file1
4 At revision 4.
5 Tree conflict on 'file1'6 > local file unversioned, incoming file add upon update
7 Select: (r) mark resolved, (p) postpone, (q) quit resolution, (h) help: p
8 Summary of conflicts: # again, we have typed p here9 Tree conflicts: 1
• Someone else has added a file1 after your last update.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 49
3 · Subversion When things go awry · 3.8
Here we can choose one of two options:I Option 1: revert file1 will toss your version of the file, and replace it
with the one already committed.• You revert to the version where file1 did not exist, then it’s added by the
update.
1 sq_15w/foobar $ svn revert file1
2 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st #No output, conflict disappeared3 sq_15w/foobar $ ls
4 file1 # this is the file that came from the repository
I Option 2: Resolve by accepting the state of the working copy. This willschedule file1 for deletion.• Note, that this is consistent: In your working copy, file1 is not part of the
repository.
1 sq_15w/foobar $ svn resolve --accept=working file1
2 Resolved conflicted state of 'file1'3 sq_15w/foobar $ svn st
4 D file1 #Note the D: scheduled for deletion.5 sq_15w/foobar $ svn ci -m'file1 should not be checked in'6 Deleting file1
7 Committed revision 9.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 50
3 · Subversion Tree changes — svn rm/mv/cp · 3.9
3.9 Tree changes — svn rm/mv/cp
You must not (re)move files under SVN’s control using rm or mv.
I SVN will report moved files as missing, since it cannot trace the OS’sown mv command.
I Use SVN’s subcommands to (re)move or copy files26:
svn rm file... z Mark files for removal from the repository.
svn mv src dst z Rename/move files under svn’s control.
svn cp src dst z Copy files under svn’s control.
I Conflicting operations on the directory structure may also lead toconflicts on update.
26http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.tour.cycle.html#svn.tour.cycle.editStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 51
4Scientific text processing with LATEX
{\LaTeX}LATEX
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Background · 4.1
4.1 Background
You might come across the following soon:
Mathe-Ubungsblatt: Die Abgabe der Losung als aus LATEX erzeugtePDF-Datei ist bis Freitag...
I LATEX is the document preparation system in the natural sciences,mathemetics, and computer science.• Scientific publications are likely to be prepared using LATEX. You may even
have to use it (publisher, co-authors).• You’ll be asked to prepare your thesis using LATEX.• We use LATEX a lot ourselves.• Sometimes, it is quite a nuisance.
I Being a plain text format (some say: programming language), the sourcecode is accessible to the Unix toolbox you’re here for.
I It producdes high quality output, especially when it comes to math.n∑
i=1
i =n · (n+ 1)
21 \sum_{i=1}^ni = \frac{n\cdot(n+1)}2
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 53
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Getting LATEX · 4.2
4.2 Getting LATEX
TEX Live is a TEX distribution, likely to contain all packages and add-onsyou’ll ever need.
I Most GNU/Linux distributions should offer TEX Live through theirpackage management system.
I TEX Live is installed ready-to-use on titan07.
I Downloading the TEX Live distribution27 is probably the next easiest wayto use LATEX on almost any platform.
Is it TEX or LATEX?
I TEX is the core language and the engine of the text processing system.LATEX is a macro package for TEX.
I Since plain TEX sucks, everybody uses LATEX, which sucks less.
I You can ignore the fact that there’s TEX, until you encounter a problemthat must be solved in TEX...
27http://www.tug.org/texlive/Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 54
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX LATEX basics · 4.3
4.3 LATEX basics
1 % first.tex - A LaTeX example!
2 \documentclass{article}3 \begin{document}4 Hello world, hello \LaTeX.
5 \end{document}
Use nano to create a filefirst.tex as shown. Good idea:Do this in a new directory.
line 1 A comment, from % till end of line. This is ignored.
2 The \documentclass sets a couple of defaults, and providescommands, e.g., to form sections, specify paper size, ...
3,5 The body of the document goes into the document environment.This defines the visible contents of the document.
I Commands are introduced by a backslash \, arguments are often passedin curly braces {·}.
I Everything before \begin{document} is called the preamble. That’swhere extensions are loaded and commands can be defined.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 55
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX LATEX basics · 4.3
Compiling your first LATEX document
pdflatex file.tex z Compile PDF document file.pdf fromfile.tex.
1 ~/foo $ pdflatex first.tex
2 This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-1.40.10 (TeX Live 2009/Debian)
3 entering extended mode
4 # skipping some of the rather lengthy output5 Output written on first.pdf (1 page, 21210 bytes).
6 Transcript written on first.log.
7 ~/foo $ ls
8 first.aux first.log first.pdf first.tex
Have a look at your PDF document:
Hello world, hello LATEX.
I One of the very few occasions we make use of a graphics display.I If you have compiled on your local machine, use any PDF viewer you like.
(xpdf, acroread, evince, gv, ...)I If you have compiled on titan07, you need to get the file first...
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 56
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Copying files from titan07 to a Windows host · 4.4
4.4 Copying files from titan07 to a Windows host
I With ssh, you can log in to a remote machine, and work there. However,the data stays on that machine.
I To transfer files between two machines, you need a different tool: SecureCopy (scp) Actually, you can get away with just ssh...
I ssh and scp both use the SSH protocol: To authenticate yourself, usethe same credentials as for ssh.
WinSCP28 is a free SCP client forWindows. A series of screenshots is in thelecture’s public repository29.
28http://winscp.net/29https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/winscp.zipStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 57
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Copying files from titan07 to a Windows host · 4.4
Secure Copy from the Command Line (Linux & Mac OS)
scp user@host:file dest z Copies file to destination, just like cp does.The prefix user@host: indicates a remote filename or directory.
1 $ scp [email protected]:first.pdf . # note the dot2 Password: #RZ-password3 first.pdf 100% 21KB 20.7KB/s 00:00
4 #Now the file first.pdf has been copied to my computer.
And this also works in the other direction:1 $ scp first.pdf [email protected]: # note the colon!2 Password: #RZ-password3 first.pdf 100% 21KB 20.7KB/s 00:00
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 58
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Umlauts · 4.5
4.5 Umlauts
By default, LATEX does not understand umlauts.
Bse berraschung?
1 \documentclass{article}2 \begin{document}3 Bose Uberraschung?
4 \end{document}
Bose Uberraschung?a o u, A O U, ß
1 \documentclass{article}2 \begin{document}3 B\"ose \"Uberraschung?\\
4 \"a \"o \"u, \"A \"O \"U, \ss
5 \end{document}
Bose Uberraschung?a o u, A O U, ß
1 \documentclass{article}2 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Note
3 \begin{document}4 Bose Uberraschung?\\
5 a o u, A O U, ß
6 \end{document}
For the latter to work, make sure to save your files with UTF-8 encoding.We’ll cover text encodings later on in this course.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 59
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Sections · 4.6
4.6 Sections
The article class provides commands to stucture your document into\sections, \subsections, \subsubsections, and \paragraphs.
1 \documentclass[a4paper]{article} % Note the setting of the paper size
2 \begin{document}3
4 \section{First Section}5 Lines of text are wrapped as necessary. Newlines are ignored, but an empty
6 line (i.e., two or more newlines) starts a new paragraph.
7
8 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
9 incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
10
11 \subsection{Subsection One}12 Note, that section numbering happens automatically.
13
14 \subsubsection{Sub-Sub-Section} Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis
15 nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
16
17 \paragraph{Paragraphs}18 Further division into paragraphs is possible, so in total you have five
19 levels to structure your content.
20
21 \end{document}Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 60
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Sections · 4.6
The previous code renders into this:
1 First Section
Lines of text are wrapped as necessary. Newlines are ignored, but an empty line(i.e., two or more newlines) starts a new paragraph.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmodtempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
1.1 Subsection One
Note, that section numbering happens automatically.
1.1.1 Sub-Sub-Section
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi utaliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
Paragraphs Further division into paragraphs is possible, so in total you havefive levels to structure your content.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 61
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX List-like environments · 4.7
4.7 List-like environments
You can use the environments itemize and enumerate to generate lists.
1. item one
2. item two
(a) aaa
(b) bbb
• This is an item,
• one with children
– a
– b
1 \begin{enumerate}2 \item item one
3 \item item two
4 \begin{enumerate}5 \item aaa
6 \item bbb
7 \end{enumerate}8 \end{enumerate}9
10 \begin{itemize}11 \item This is an item,
12 \item one with children
13 \begin{itemize}\item a\item b\end{itemize}14 \end{itemize}
(Here, I have only shown the document body, not the preamble. If you’re formatting text,
it goes into the body. Everything else goes into the preamble.)
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 62
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Math environments · 4.8
4.8 Math environments
I LATEX offers a rich language to describe math formulae.
I To use that language, you need to switch LATEX into math mode.
Math mode?
I All text is considered to be variables, operators, or commands, andtypeset according to the structure of the formula, rather than the sourcecode.
I Spaces do not appear in the output. You’ll need special commands forspacing, but LATEX is doing a good job already.
I Also, line breaks are sort of non-significant. But you are not allowed tohave empty lines in math mode.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 63
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Math environments · 4.8
Show, that a2−b2
a−b = a+ b holds for real numbers a, b.
For inline formulae, use the math environment:
1 Show, that
2 \begin{math}3 \frac{a^2-b^2}{a-b} = a+b % \frac{a}{b} renders a/b
4 \end{math}5 holds for real numbers \begin{math}a, b\end{math}.
this can be abbreviated with \(·\),
1 Show, that \(\frac{a^2-b^2}{a-b} = a+b\) holds for real numbers \(a, b\).
or even $·$1 Show, that $\frac{a^2-b^2}{a-b} = a+b$ holds for real numbers $a, b$.
Also on this slide: Superscript a^b, fraction \frac{a}{b}.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 64
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Math environments · 4.8
...non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
n∑i=0
aibn−i = a0bn + a1bn−1 + . . . + an−1b1 + anb0
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod...
Use displaymath to set larger formulae in their own paragraph.
1 ...non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
2 \begin{displaymath}3 \sum_{i=0}^n a_i b_{n-i} = a_0 b_n + a_1 b_{n-1} + \dots + a_{n-1}b_1+ a_nb_0
4 \end{displaymath}5 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod...
which, again, can be abbreviated with \[·\] — You may come across thealternative $$·$$, but it might confuse the compiler. Do not use.
Also on this slide: Subscript a_b, grouping with {·}, big sum \sum.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 65
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Math environments · 4.8
Equation 1 is known as the Law of sines.
a
sinα=
b
sinβ=
c
sin γ(1)
The equation environment is just like displaymath, but displays arunning number on the right. Use \label and \ref for references.
1 Equation \ref{los} is known as the \emph{Law of sines}.2 \begin{equation}3 \frac{a}{\sin\alpha} = \frac b{\sin\beta} = \frac c{\sin\gamma}4 \label{los}5 \end{equation}
Note that you have to run LATEX twice for references to work!
Also on this slide: Trigonometric function \sin, greek letters \alpha..., emphasis \emph.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 66
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Math environments · 4.8
sinα =opposite
hypotenuse(1)
cosα =adjacent
hypotenuse(2)
tanα =opposite
adjacent(3)
Using 1 and 2 in 3 yields tanα = sinαcosα .
The eqnarray environment allows you to align multiple formulae at anoperator surrounded by ampersands &. The lines are separated by \\.
1 \begin{eqnarray}2 \sin\alpha &=& \frac{\textrm{opposite}}{\textrm{hypotenuse}} \label{sin} \\
3 \cos\alpha &=& \frac{\textrm{adjacent}}{\textrm{hypotenuse}} \label{cos} \\
4 \tan\alpha &=& \frac{\textrm{opposite}}{\textrm{adjacent}} \label{tan}5 \end{eqnarray}6 Using \ref{sin} and \ref{cos} in \ref{tan} yields \(\tan\alpha=\frac{\sin7 \alpha}{\cos\alpha}\).
Also on this slide: \cos, \tan, font style \textrm to distinguish variables from text.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 67
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Parenthesis · 4.9
4.9 Parenthesis
With \left(·\right), you can build parenthesis that adapt to theircontents:
f(a2 + ε
x) = f
(a2 + ε
x
){xy|x ≤ y} =
{x
y
∣∣∣∣x ≤ y}1 f(\frac{a^2+\epsilon}{x})2 = f \left( \frac{a^2+\epsilon}{x} \right)
3 \qquad % make a larger gap between them.
4 \{ \frac xy | x\le y \} % note: \{ instead of {5 = \left\{ \frac xy \middle| x\le y \right\}
\left and \right...
I ...work with a number of characters, e.g., ()[]{} and |.
I ...must be balanced. To hide one, specify a . dot (cf. page 70).
I With \middle, you can add punctuation without leaving the group.
Also on this slide: Create brace with \{, a gap with \qquad.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 68
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Arrays · 4.10
4.10 Arrays
You can use the array environment to create matrices. The argument,here {cccc}, specifies number and alignment of the columns (right, left,or centered).
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n...
.... . .
...am1 am2 · · · amn
T
1 \left[
2 \begin{array}{cccc}3 a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\
4 a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n} \\
5 \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
6 a_{m1} & a_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn} \\
7 \end{array}8 \right]^T
Again, columns are separated by ampersands &, and lines by \\.
Also on this slide: Create ellipses using \vdots, \ddots, and \cdots.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 69
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Arrays · 4.10
But you can also use array to align arbitrary formulae. Note the {rcl}.
42x = 2a+ by = 3a+ 2b− 42x
= 3a+ 2b− (2a+ b)= a+ b
1 \begin{array}{rcl}2 42x &=& 2a + b \\
3 y &=& 3a + 2b - 42x \\
4 &=& 3a + 2b - (2a + b) \\
5 &=& a + b
6 \end{array}
Particularly useful: Writing down cases.
cn+1 =
{12cn if cn is even3cn + 1 otherwise
1 c_{n+1} = \left\{2 \begin{array}{ll}3 \frac{1}{2} c_n & \textrm{if \(c_n\) is even} \\
4 3 c_n + 1 & \textrm{otherwise}5 \end{array}6 \right.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 70
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX More math symbols · 4.11
4.11 More math symbols
I Set theory stuff
x ∈ A, x 6∈ ∅A ∪B ∩ C ×D \ E
1 x \in A, x \not\in \emptyset
2 A \cup B \cap C \times D \setminus E
I Character decorations
~x, x, x, 6=
1 \vec{x}, \dot{x}, \bar{x}, \not=
I Logics & Arrows
∀x.∃y.x 7→ y¬A ∨B ∧ C⇒⇐⇔→←↔
1 \forall x. \exists y. x \mapsto y
2 \neg A\vee B\wedge C
3 \Rightarrow \Leftarrow \Leftrightarrow
4 \rightarrow \leftarrow \leftrightarrow
I Comparing things
6<,≤,≥,≡,∼, 6∼
1 \not<, \le, \ge, \equiv, \sim, \not\sim
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 71
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX More math symbols · 4.11
AMS-LATEX
For more advanced math, you maywant to use the AMS-LATEXpackages provided by the AmericanMathematical Society.
C,N0,Q+
1 \documentclass{article}2 \usepackage{amssymb} % Note this!
3 \begin{document}4 \[
5 \mathbb C, \mathbb{N}_0, \mathbb{Q}^+6 \]
7 \end{document}
I AMS mathematical facilities for LATEX. http://ctan.org/pkg/amsmathI Scott Pakin. The Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List.
http://ctan.org/pkg/comprehensive
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 72
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX A stub for exercises · 4.12
4.12 A stub for exercises
Basic Math Summer 1932
Solution of Exercise 1Chestnut Barrow, Elizabeth Parker
Assignment 1 Let r ≡ mmodn. With the assumptions given in the assignment, we have
∃x, y, z. n = t · x ∧ r = t · y ∧ m = z · n+ r
With these, we conclude m = z · t · x + t · y by using the equations for n and r, and thenm = t · (z · x+ y)⇒ t|m. �
Let us define a stub that you can use to prepare your exercises. It shouldrender the above output for a fictional Basic Math lecture held in thethirties.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 73
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX A stub for exercises · 4.12
1 \documentclass[a4paper]{article}2
3 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}4 \usepackage{amssymb}5 \usepackage{a4wide}6
7 \begin{document}8 % filled in on the next slides
9 \end{document}
Option a4paper sets the paper sizeto DIN A4 instead of US letter.Package a4wide redefines themargins to utilize more of theavailable space.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 74
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX A stub for exercises · 4.12
Basic Math Summer 1932
Solution of Exercise 1Chestnut Barrow, Elizabeth Parker
1 \begin{center}2 \textbf{Basic Math \hfill Summer 1932}\\3 \bigskip
4 \textbf{\LARGE Solution of Exercise 1}\\5 \emph{Chestnut Barrow, Elizabeth Parker}6 \end{center}
The header is set in a center
environment. Note, how \hfill
adds rubber space in the firstline, and \bigskip introducesextra vertical space.
I \textbf sets its argument in bold face.
I The available font sizes are \tiny, \scriptsize, \footnotesize,\small, \normalsize (the default), \large, \Large, \LARGE, \huge,and \Huge. Their use extends until the end of the group.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 75
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX A stub for exercises · 4.12
Assignment 1 Let r ≡ m mod n. With the assumptions given in the assignment, we have
∃x, y, z. n = t · x ∧ r = t · y ∧m = z · n+ r
With these, we conclude m = z · t · x + t · y by using the equations for n and r, and thenm = t · (z · x+ y)⇒ t|m. �
1 \paragraph{Assignment 1}2
3 Let \(r \equiv m~\textrm{mod}~n\). With the assumptions given in the
4 assignment, we have
5
6 \[ \exists x, y, z.~ n = t\cdot x
7 \wedge r = t\cdot y
8 \wedge m = z\cdot n + r
9 \]
10
11 With these, we conclude \(m = z\cdot t\cdot x + t\cdot y\) by using the
12 equations for \(n\) and \(r\), and then \(m = t\cdot (z\cdot x + y)
13 \Rightarrow t|m\). \hfill\(\square\)
Also on this slide: Use ~ to introduce spaces, e.g., around mod. The \square needs to beset in math mode.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 76
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Formatting hints · 4.13
4.13 Formatting hints More on spaces
Since dot . marks the end of a sentence, a slightly larger space is addedthan between words. Sometimes, this is not intended.
end. Mr. Jackend. Mr. Jackend. Mr. Jackend. Mr, Jack
1 end. Mr. Jack \\ % second space too large
2 end. Mr.\ Jack \\ % better, allow line break
3 end. Mr.~Jack \\ % correct form
4 end. Mr, Jack \\ % comma for reference
Use backslash-space \ to insert a normal-width space which allows linebreaks, and a tilde ~ for a non-breaking space.
In math mode you can choose from the following spaces:
q..a..b. .c. .d. .e. .f. .g. .h. .i
1 q. \! .a. .b. \, .c. \: .d. \; .e. ~ .f. \ .g. \quad .h. \qquad .i
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 77
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Formatting hints · 4.13
Typesetting of function names
Use clear formatting30 hints to convey a message!
ax+ fx a x+ f y ax(y + 1) ax(y + 1) ax(y + 1)logy log y log(y + 1) log y log ybary bar y bar(y + 1) bar y bar ymaint main t main(t) main t main(t)
1 \begin{array}{lllll}2 ax + fx & a~x+f~y & ax(y+1) & \textsf{ax}(y+1) & \textrm{ax}(y+1) \\
3 log y & log~y & log(y+1) & \textsf{log}~y & \textrm{log}~y \\
4 bar y & bar~y & bar(y+1) & \textsf{bar}~y & \textrm{bar}~y \\
5 main t & main~t & main(t) & \texttt{main}~t & \texttt{main}(t)6 \end{array}
I When do you see a function name, when a product or application?
I Explicitly add space to separate variables.
I Use \textrm or \textsf for math function names.
I Use \texttt to refer to an implementation.
30Most of these function names are predefined in the amsmath packages.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 78
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Defining Commands · 4.14
4.14 Defining Commands
In the document preamble you can define your own commands.
I \newcommand{\name}{definition} creates a new command \nameusing the definition.
• Useful as a shorthand for frequentlyused symbols.
• Use suggestive names that describeconcepts.
• If you later want to change the symbolconsistently in your document, it’smuch simpler to change a definition.
1 \documentclass{article}2 \usepackage{amssymb}3 \newcommand{\Nat}{\mathbb{N}}4 \newcommand{\union}{\cup}5 \begin{document}6 \[ x\in \Nat\union M \]
7 \end{document}
x ∈ N ∪M
I \newcommand does not allow you to redefine existing commands. Youmay do this with \renewcommand{...}{...} insted.
(A bad idea unless you really know what you are doing!)
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 79
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Defining Commands · 4.14
Sometimes you will want to pass arguments to a command to getsomething more flexible.
I \newcommand{\name}[num]{definition} defines a command thatconsumes a number of arguments. (also works with \renewcommand)
I Within the definition, you can refer to these arguments by their positionas #1 trough #9 — so num must be ≤ 9.
1 \newcommand{\set}[2]{ \left\{ #1 \,\middle|\, #2 \right\} }2
3 \begin{document}4 \[ \set{x}{x\in A,\, \exists y.~ y\in A \,\wedge\, y \ge x} \]
5 \[ \set{\frac{2x+1}{y}}{x+y=33,\, y>0} \]
6 \end{document}
{x |x ∈ A, ∃y. y ∈ A ∧ y ≥ x}{2x+ 1
y
∣∣∣∣x+ y = 33, y > 0
}
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 80
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Defining Commands · 4.14
Environments
With \newenvironment{name}[num]{begin}{end} you can even defineyour own environments. (there also is \renewenvironment)
I begin is used before, end is used after the environment’s content.
I The arguments #1 trough #9 can only be used for the definition in begin.
Text for Reference.
⇒ Left margins are aligned.⇒ Items are pretty dense.
1 \newenvironment{mylist}{2 \begin{list}{\(\Rightarrow\)}{3 \itemsep -1ex \leftmargin 0ex}4 }{5 \end{list}6 }7
8 \begin{document}9 Text for Reference.
10 \begin{mylist}11 \item Left margins are aligned.
12 \item Items are pretty dense.
13 \end{mylist}14 \end{document}
Also on this slide: The generic list environment.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 81
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Maintaining a Bibliography · 4.15
4.15 Maintaining a Bibliography
With BibTEX, you can maintain adatabase of bibliographicreferences.
I \bibliographystyle sets howreferences should be represented.• Try plain instead of alpha.• Publishers frequently require you
to use a given style.
I \cite{key} generates a referenceto an item in the database,identified by a key.
I \bibliography{file} creates thebibliography, based on thedatabase in file.bib.cf. page 83
Here [Knu68] you should see a reference to the item below. If there is aquestionmark, the reference was not resolved!
References
[Knu68] Donald E. Knuth. The Art of Computer Programming, Volume I:Fundamental Algorithms. Addison-Wesley, 1968.
1 \bibliographystyle{alpha}2
3 \begin{document}4 Here \cite{knuth} you should see
5 a reference to the item below.
6 If there is a questionmark, the
7 reference was not resolved!
8
9 \bibliography{database1}10 \end{document}
I Note: The key is “knuth” here.
I Only cited references will beadded to the document.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 82
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Maintaining a Bibliography · 4.15
The BibTEX database
BibTEX uses it’s own format tospecify bibliographic data sets.Togeter with a style specification,these are rendered into the referencesthat appear at the end of yourdocument.
1 @book{knuth,2 author = {Donald E. Knuth},3 title = {The Art of Computer
4 Programming, Volume I: Fundamental
5 Algorithms},6 publisher = {Addison-Wesley},7 year = {1968},8 }
I For this example, I’ve used a small BibTEX database31 with only oneentry. Note the key “knuth” in the first line, identifying this entry.
I When reading papers, you will probably aggregate your own collectionof bilbliographic references.
I Some web sites32 list publications with their BibTEX entries. You’dreather cut’n’paste these, than create your own.
31https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/latex-examples/database1.bib32e.g., http://www.dblp.org, or http://www.citeseer.com/, ...Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 83
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Maintaining a Bibliography · 4.15
Making it
I In general you will need multiple runs of pdflatex and bibtex in theorder given below (biblio.tex33 is the document to be TEXed):
1 $ pdflatex biblio.tex #Among others, creates the biblio.aux file.2 # ... there is way more output here. Look out for this one:3 LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references.
4 $ bibtex biblio.aux #Creates biblio.bbl, containing the bibliography.5 $ pdflatex biblio.tex #Adds the bibliography to the document.6 LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references.
7 $ pdflatex biblio.tex #Finally, this gets the references right.
I To see the effect, have a look at the generated biblio.pdf documentafter each run of pdflatex.
I To ease the pain, there’s the script latexmk, automating this process:
1 $ latexmk -pdf biblio.tex #Repeatedly run bibtex and pdflatex as needed.
You’ll find more documentation in the man page latexmk(1L).
33https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/latex-examples/biblio.texStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 84
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Document classes · 4.16
4.16 Document classes
I Up to now, we have only used the article document class for examplesand for the stub for exercises (cf. page 73).
I Other commonly used document classes are report and book.
I Less mainstream but feature-rich document classes are• KOMA-Script provides alternatives of the standard classes like scrartcl,scrreprt, and scrbook.They implement European (in particular German) typography conventions.
• memoir — Can be used for books as well as for theses. Its manual has morethan 600 pages.
• beamer — Used to create slides (like this document).
I Sometimes a publisher will provide you with a document class that youhave to use.
I There are lots of specialized classes like exam, minutes, moderncv, ...34
34http://texcatalogue.ctan.org/bytopic.html#classes, ...#theses, ...#presentStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 85
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Document classes · 4.16
Differences
These document classes mainly differ in two aspects35:I Available commands and environments (hard to change):
• book and report feature the \chapter, but article does not.• book and report start a new page for a \part, while article does not.• Only article and report offer the abstract environment.
I Default settings (easy to change):• book uses the twoside option (different margins for even and odd pages,
etc.), article and report default to oneside.• book and report enumerate figures, tables, etc. per chapter, while article
does it continously.
Which class? Select the document class accoring to your needs, use
I article for a short paper, report for a longer document and book forvery large documents.
I These standard classes only provide the bare minimum. Have a look atthe alternatives (cf. previous slide) for more features.
35A nice overview is here: http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/36988/Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 86
4 · Scientific text processing with LATEX Further reading · 4.17
4.17 Further reading
Packages and extensions (CTAN is the Comprehensive TEX Archive Network)
I beamer – A LATEX class for producing presentations and slides.http://www.ctan.org/pkg/beamer
I pgf – Create PostScript and PDF graphics in TEX.http://www.ctan.org/pkg/pgf
Getting help (also cf. page 72)
I Tobias Oetiker. The not so Short Introduction to LATEX.http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/english/
I Helmut Kopka. LATEX: Eine Einfuhrung. ISBN 3-89319-434-7.
I Hypertext Help with LATEX @ Goddard Institute for Space Studies.http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/latex/
I StackExchange on TEX. http://tex.stackexchange.com/I Examples of sophisticated diagrams made with PGF and TikZ.
http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 87
5Some more shell basics
5 · Some more shell basics Globbing · 5.1
5.1 Globbing
The shell expands wildcard characters when they appear on the commandline. This is called globbing in Unix jargon.
1 $ ls
2 first.aux first.pdf second.aux second.pdf
3 first.log first.tex second.log second.tex
4 $ ls first*
5 first.aux first.log first.pdf first.tex
6 $ ls *tex
7 first.tex second.tex
8 $ ls *[ca]*[ax]*
9 first.aux second.aux second.tex
* Matches any sequence of characters.
? Matches any single character.
[list] Matches any single character in the list.
I You may specify ranges as in [0-9] instead of [0123456789].I If the first character after [ is a ^, the matching is inverse.
(For an in-depth description cf. bash(1), Pattern Matching)
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 89
5 · Some more shell basics Globbing · 5.1
1 $ ls *t
2 test
3 $ ls .*t
4 .bash_logout .lesshst
I Dotfiles are omitted from expansion,unless the dot is explicitly given in thepattern.
I Note that the expansion is performed by the shell, not by ls (or anyother command), so the command should not see the pattern.
I However, if no matching files are found, the pattern is handed to thecommand unchanged.
1 $ ls *tex miss*
2 ls: cannot access miss*: No such file or directory
3 first.tex second.tex
I You can force bash to print an error message instead of running thecommand by setting the shell’s failglob option.
shopt [-s | -u] name z Set, unset, or print shell option name.
4 $ shopt -s failglob
5 $ ls *tex miss*
6 bash: no match: miss* # bash complains, ls is not even executed
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 90
5 · Some more shell basics Permanent settings · 5.2
5.2 Permanent settings
I Settings like shopt -s failglob are lost when the shell terminates.
I You can make changes permanent by creating a file ~/.bashrc, whichis read and executed during shell startup. (cf. bash(1), Invocation)
I Unfortunately, due to long-standing bugs in the bash-completion
package, it is necessary to also disable “Programmable Completion”:
1 shopt -u progcomp # disable buggy programmable completion
Later we will see another shell option that also triggers this bug.(Even better: If the box is under your control, uninstall bash-completion)
I You may also want to disable History Expansion which makes ! behave funny
1 set +H # disable history expansion
(or read bash(1), History Expansion)
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5 · Some more shell basics Quoting · 5.3
5.3 Quoting
I want to delete the empty files, the other two are important:
1 $ ls -l
2 total 8
3 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 0 Feb 20 18:57 *
4 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 29 Feb 20 18:57 hello
5 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 0 Feb 20 18:57 hello world
6 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 29 Feb 20 18:57 world
7 $ rm * ˆC #Plan I: What would happen here?8 $ rm hello world ˆC #Plan II: Is this any better?
I How can we tell the shell that a space is part of an argument (e.g., afilename), instead of an argument delimiter?
I How can we avoid expansion of wildcard characters?
⇒ Quoting is a mechanism to give some text a different meaning.
1 $ rm \* 'hello world' # the asterisk and the space appear quoted2 $ ls -l
3 total 8
4 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 29 Feb 20 18:57 hello
5 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 29 Feb 20 18:57 world
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 92
5 · Some more shell basics Quoting · 5.3
The shell knows three quoting mechanisms: (cf. bash(1), Quoting)
I An unquoted backslash \ serves as the escape character, i.e., itpreserves the literal value of the following character36.
I Single quotes '·' preserve the literal values of the enclosed characters.⇒ The backslash does not work here ⇒ You cannot put a ' inside singlequotes!
I Double quotes "·" preserve the literal values of most of the enclosedcharacters. Exceptions are the double quote ", dollar $, backtick ‘, andbackslash \, all of which can be escaped with a (now quoted) backslash.
1 $ echo \* \n \\
2 * n \
3 $ echo '* said "hello"\n'4 * said "hello"\n
5 $ echo "* said \"hello\"\n"
6 * said "hello"\n
7 $ echo single\'quote8 single'quote9 $ echo "single'quote"
10 single'quote11 $ echo 'single'\''quote'12 single'quote
36Exception: \newline is removed completely instead of being replaced with a newline.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 93
5 · Some more shell basics Quoting · 5.3
I Think of ' and " as a quoting-toggles.
1 $ ls -l hel'lo wor'ld # unusual, but works2 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 0 Feb 20 13:49 hello world
• The first ' switches strong quoting on, the second one switches it off.
I Some metacharacters have a special meaning for the shell, andtherefore must be quoted to get their literal value:
! " # $ & ' ( ) * ; < > ? [ \ ] ` { | } ~
Some of them do not always have a special meaning, but it’s save to always quote them.
I Double quotes " are also known as weak quotes, since ! $ \ ` retaintheir special meaning. Single quotes ' are known as strong quotes.
I Do not confuse the single quote ' (ASCII 0x27) with the backtick ` (ASCII 0x60, aka. backwards quote).
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 94
5 · Some more shell basics Links, hard and soft · 5.4
5.4 Links, hard and soft
A link is like a copy, but stays in sync with the original.
I Soft links, aka. symbolic links, aka. symlinks, refer to a target specifiedby its path, which may be relative or absolute.• Symlinks can span different file systems.• A dangling symlink refers to a non-existing file.
I A hard link is just a(nother) name in the file system for a file on disk.• You cannot distinguish the “original” from the link.• Removing the last hard link to a file removes the file.
(That’s why deleting a file is frequently referred to as unlinking it)
• You cannot hard-link directories, nor files on different file systems.
ln [-s] source [dest] z Link file source to destination.
I If dest is a directory, create link under it.I If dest is omitted, create link in current directory.I With -s, create symlink instead of hard link.
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5 · Some more shell basics Links, hard and soft · 5.4
Symlink example
1 $ cat foo # assume we have only this file2 hello
3 $ ln -s foo bar # create symlink bar
4 $ ls -l
5 total 4.1k
6 lrwxrwxrwx 1 sk users 3 Oct 1 22:24 bar -> foo # note link flag, and arrow7 -rw------- 1 sk users 6 Oct 1 22:24 foo
8 $ cat bar
9 hello # so bar is dereferenced to foo
10 $ nano bar #Edits to the symlink...11 $ cat foo # ...are applied to the target12 hello world
13 $ rm foo # if you remove the source...14 $ cat bar
15 cat: bar: No such file or directory # ...the symlink dangles16 $ ls -l
17 total 0
18 lrwxrwxrwx 1 sk users 3 Oct 1 22:24 bar -> foo
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 96
5 · Some more shell basics Links, hard and soft · 5.4
Hard link example
1 $ cat foo # assume we have only this file2 hello
3 $ ln foo bar # create hard link bar
4 $ ls -l
5 total 8.2k
6 -rw------- 2 sk users 6 Oct 2 23:19 bar # note the link count7 -rw------- 2 sk users 6 Oct 2 23:19 foo
8 $ cat bar
9 hello # foo and bar are links to the same file10 $ nano foo
11 $ cat bar
12 hello world
13 $ rm foo # you can remove any one you like...14 $ cat bar # ...the other one is still there15 hello world
16 $ ls -l
17 total 4.1k
18 -rw------- 1 sk users 12 Oct 2 23:20 bar # but the link count has changed
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 97
5 · Some more shell basics Aliases · 5.5
5.5 Aliases
Tired of typing ls -l all the time?
alias [name[=value]...] z Shell builtin to define or display aliases.
I If the first word of a command is an alias, it is replaced with thecorresponding definition.
1 ~/foo $ alias ..='cd ..' #There are no spaces allowed around the equal sign.2 ~/foo $ .. # replaced by cd ..
3 ~ $
I Alias lookup is recursive, and automatically omits cycles:
1 $ type ls # cf. page 302 ls is aliased to ‘ls --color=auto'
1 $ alias l='ls -l'2 $ l
3 # colored output here
I Try set -x to see how the shell expands a command.
I Functions are even more versatile, e.g., you may pass arguments.
I To make aliases permanent, cf. page 91.
I For more on aliases, and functions, cf. bash(1), as usual.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 98
6 · Text Editors
A painter’s brush
computer scientist
text editor=
painter
brush
Editing text is probably the most common interactive task:I programmingI writing papersI building presentationsI writing email, letters, web pages, ...I controlling computations (shell scripting, R, ...)I querying databases (hacking XQuery, SQL, Prolog,...)
Choose your editor well...I ...a separate editor for each task?I ...or one to rule them all?
E.g., the nano editor emerged from pico, which was originally part of thepine mail user agent.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 100
6 · Text Editors
Features a text editor typically provides
I Modifying plain text• load & save files• cut & paste• search & replace• different text encodings (e.g., ASCII, UTF-8, Latin-1, ...)
I Assisting with programming tasks• syntax highlighting• integration with developement tools (compiler, debugger)
I Opportunities for configuration and extension• rebind keys• scriptable/programmable
Features typically not available in a text editor:
I Formatting, as in “make selected text bold, underlined, red, ...”
I Page layout, including graphics, diagrams, ...
I Everything you’d expect from WYSIWYG DTP tools.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 101
6 · Text Editors
The two wizards
The term editor war refers to the rivalrybetween the emacs and vi families of
editors, sometimes assuming features of areligious dispute.
⇒ amlost only a matter of personal choice.Disclosure: I am non-ideologically biased towards GNU emacs!
ConsiderationsI Where will I be editing? Is my editor likely to be available there?
• There’s probably no Eclipse on a dedicated network switch.
I What’s my mode of connection? Is a GUI interface feasible at all?I What will I be editing? Is there any support from the editor?
• text encoding, eol-convention, available fonts (for Unicode)• syntax highlighting, spell checking, ...• integration with developement tools (compiler, debugger, linter, ...)
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 102
6 · Text Editors vim, 1991 by Bram Moolenaar · 6.1
6.1 vim, 1991 by Bram Moolenaar
I On the web: http://www.vim.org/.
I Documentation: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/.I Designed as an extension of vi (1976 by Bill Joy37), but with a different
code base.• which started as a visual mode for ex, a line editor• vi is standardised in Unix specifications.• There are many re-implemenations of vi.• vim is often referred to as vi, on some platforms vi is an alias for vim.
(On titan07 it is a symlink! — This is quite usual)
I Scriptable with vimscript.
I Plethora of extensions and scripts available.
I Baffling concept: Different Modes.
37Co-founder of Sun MicrosystemsStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 103
6 · Text Editors vim, 1991 by Bram Moolenaar · 6.1
vim [file] z Run the vim editor (opening file if given). Depending on theinstallation, typing vi may launch vim instead.
vimtutor z Runs vim with a tutorial loaded. Try this, and work through aguided tour of basic commands.
I Leave vim or vimtutor, not saving anything:
1. Hit Esc (maybe repeatedly) to enter Normal Mode.2. Type :qa! Return.
I Getting help: Hit F1, or type :help Return.
Exercise(vi)
1. Spend some time with the tutorial. Do not try to find out by trial anderror how vi works.
2. For at least one month, try to use only vi for all text editing tasks. Tryhard (i.e., read the manual, search the web) to solve all problems youencounter.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 104
6 · Text Editors GNU emacs, 1976 by Richard Stallman · 6.2
6.2 GNU emacs, 1976 by Richard Stallman38
I On the web: http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs.html.I Initially implemented in TECO macros
• Later versions were written in Lisp,• and today a combination of C and Emacs Lisp.• Many reimplementations and forks, most notably XEmacs.
Where the X does not stand for X11 graphics.
I Scriptable with Emacs Lisp.A dialect that differs a lot from other Lisps.
I Plethora of extensions and scripts available.
I Baffling concept: Key Sequences.
38Founder of the Free Software Foundation and the GNU Project, started its Ccompiler and debugger, ...
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 105
6 · Text Editors GNU emacs, 1976 by Richard Stallman · 6.2
emacs [file] z Run the GNU emacs editor (opening file if given).
emacsclient [options] file z Tries to connect a running GNU emacsserver process, and make it open a file. With -a '', launches a server ifnone is running. cf. emacsclient(1).
I Leave emacs, not saving anything:
1. Hit C-g (maybe repeatedly) to cancel any incomplete operation.2. Hit C-x C-c or type M-x kill-emacs.
(Depending on your terminal, M-x may be Esc x)
I Getting help: Hit F1 r for the the manual, or F1 t to run the tutorial.
Exercise(emacs)
1. Spend some time with the tutorial. Do not try to find out by trial anderror how emacs works.
2. For at least one month, try to use only emacs for all text editing tasks.Try hard (i.e., read the manual, search the web) to solve all problems youencounter.
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 106
7Pipelines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pipes_various.jpg
7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
7.1 Standard streams
Each Unix process initially is connected to three data streams:
stdin standard input to read data.This is used to get your input, just like the shell does.
stdout standard output to write data.This is where a program prints its output, like ls does.
stderr standard error to write error messages.Also shows up in your terminal, interleaved with stderr.
E.g., cat(1) copies stdin to stdout if noarguments are given. Pressing C-d signalsend of input39.
1 $ cat
2 hello # user input → stdin3 hello # printed by cat → stdout4 #Press C-d on an empty line to exit
Redirection allows you to reassign source or target of a stream.
I Input can originate from files, or the output of other processes.
I Output can be saved to a file, or fed to the input of another process.
39http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/110240/why-does-ctrl-d-eof-exit-the-shellStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 108
7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
Redirecting output
1 $ ls # no files here2 $ date
3 Mon Sep 30 23:10:16 CEST 2013
4 $ date > output
5 $ ls
6 output # new file7 $ cat output # contains output8 Mon Sep 30 23:10:21 CEST 2013
date z just prints the current time anddate, cf. date(1).
I The greater-than > redirects stdout ofthe command date to the file output.
9 $ echo gone > output
10 $ cat output
11 gone # overwritten12 $ echo append >> output
13 $ cat output
14 gone # still there15 append
I If you redirect to an existing file, it istruncated40 first.
I Use >> instead of > to append to afile.
40i.e., its content is deleted, subtly different from deleting the file and creating a new one.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 109
7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
I To avoid overwriting of an existing file with >, you may set the shell’snoclobber option.
1 $ echo hello > output # (over)write file output
2 $ set -C # set the noclobber option3 $ echo world > output # try overwriting...4 -bash: output: cannot overwrite existing file # ... fails5 $ echo world >> output # appending is fine6 $ echo bye >| output # force overwriting with >|...7 $ cat output # ... works8 bye
You can make this permanent by adding set -C to your ~/.bashrc.
I You may redirect to the null device /dev/null, to efficiently get rid ofunwanted data.“Talk to /dev/null” is a nerd’s insult.
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7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
Redirect stderr
9 $ ls missing exists > output # only the file exists does exist10 ls: cannot access missing: No such file or directory
11 $ cat output
12 exists
I The error message is not written to file output, because stderr is notredirected.
I The three streams are associated with file descriptors: cf. open(2)
0← stdin 1→ stdout 2→ stderr
The >file is an abbreviation for 1>file, which simply changes theassociation to 1→ file.
I Using this, redirecting stderr to a file is easy.
1 $ ls missing exists 2> output
2 exists
3 $ cat output
4 ls: cannot access missing: No such file or directory
I As usual, 2>> appends to file, 2>| forces overwriting (if set -C).
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 111
7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
Multiple redirects
1 $ ls missing exists 1> out 2> err
2 $ cat err
3 ls: cannot access missing: No # ...4 $ cat out
5 exists
6 $ ls missing exists 1> out 2> out
7 $ cat out
8 exists
9 t access missing: No such file # ...
10 $ ls missing exists 1> out 2>&1
11 $ cat out
12 ls: cannot access missing: No # ...13 exists
I Straight forward: Redirecting thetwo output streams to differentfiles.
I Associating both file descriptorswith the same file does not work.⇒ Data loss!
I m>&n redirects file descriptor m tothe target of fd n.Note: There must be no space before
the ampersand, i.e., not 2> &1
So 2>&1 means: What’s written to fd 2 goes to where fd 1 is currentlydirected, which is file out in this case.
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7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
Order of redirections
1 $ ls miss exists >file 2>&1
2 $ cat file
3 ls: cannot access miss: No such file# ...4 exists
First1
1>file, then2
2>&1.
fd 1
fd 2
stdout
stderr
file
1
2
1 $ ls miss exists 2>&1 >file
2 ls: cannot access miss: No such file# ...3 $ cat file
4 exists
First1
2>&1, then2
1>file.
fd 1
fd 2
stdout
stderr
file
2
1
I Note: Redirections are applied in the order they are specified!
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7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
Sources for stdin
Ummm..., how many LATEX-files do I have in this directory?
1 $ ls *.tex >out
2 $ wc -l out
3 12 out # for each file
4 $ wc -l < out
5 12 # no filename6 $ rm out # do not forget
7 $ ls *.tex | wc -l
8 12 # no filename
wc [-l | -w | -c] [file...] z count words (-w),lines (-l), or bytes (-c) for each file, or forstdin if no files given.
I <file sends file’s contents to stdin of thecommand.
I The | builds a pipeline of commands: stdoutof the command on the left is connected tostdin of the command on the right.
I You can connect multiple commands to a long pipeline.
I Note that each command in a pipeline can have its own redirections!
1 $ foo 2>foo.log | bar 2>&1 1>/dev/null | wc -l #what would that do?
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7 · Pipelines Standard streams · 7.1
1 $ wc <<< 'hello world'2 1 2 12
I A string can be fed to a command viastdin by the <<< operator. This isknown as here string.
3 $ wc <<stop
4 > Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
5 > consectetur adipisicing elit,
6 > stop
7 2 8 58
I A similar concept, here documents,uses a key (here: stop) to delimit thedata to pass:• <<delim passes the following lines to
stdin of the command,• up to a line conatining only the
delimiter (no leading spaces).
I There are many more ways of redirection, we’ll see some of them later inthis course.
I For an in-depth discussion, cf. bash(1) Redirections.
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7 · Pipelines The usual suspects in a pipe · 7.2
7.2 The usual suspects in a pipe
cat [file...] z Concatenate all files and print to stdout.
head [-n n] [file...] z Print the first 10 lines of of each file. With -n,print n lines, with a negative argument, print all but the last n lines.
tail [-n n] [file...] z Like head, prints the last 10 (or n) lines. Use +n
to print lines starting with the nth.
tee [-a] file... z Copy stdin to all files, and to stdout. With -a, appendto, instead of overwrite files.
less [file] z Browse stdin if no file is given.
I Where applicable, these programs accept a single hyphen - as “filename”to read from stdin.(e.g., to use ls -l | cat header.txt - footer.txt)
I The same tools read from stdin, if no input files are given.
I These conventions are quite handy, and many other tools follow them.
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
7.3 Sorting
Task What are the five biggest files/directories in /etc/?
du -s [-h] file... z Summarise disk usage for each file (or directory).Adding -h prints “human readable” numbers.
sort [options] [file...] z Write a (line-wise) lexicographically sortedconcatenation of all files to stdout. With options:
-n compare number at start of line-h compare human-readable number at start of line-M compare month name abbreviation (e.g., Jan) at start of line-r reverse sort order-s stable sort, i.e., keep lines in order if they compare equal.
I Main memory limits length of longest line, disk space limits size of filesto sort. ⇒ Suitable for very large files.
(cf. du(1) and info sort)
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
8 $ du -s -h /etc/* 2>/dev/null | sort -h -r | head -n 5
9 17M /etc/skel
10 6.5M /etc/mateconf
11 3.7M /etc/brltty
12 1.2M /etc/bash_completion.d
13 980K /etc/ssl
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
Remark on options and arguments
I A program sees its command-line arguments as a list of words. It is atits own discretion how to interpret them! Always refer to the manual.
I POSIX convention suggests the following:
• Options consist of a hyphen plus one additional character, like ls -l.• If the option takes an argument, the space in between may be omitted:head -n 5 ≡ head -n5
• Options that do not take arguments may be combined:du -s -h ≡ du -sh
• A single hyphen refers to the according standard I/O stream.• There are only operands after a double hyphen --.
E.g., to create, list, and remove a file named -l.
I Most GNU tools additionally recognise long options of the form--long-name[=value].
(cf. http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argument-Syntax.html)
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
14 $ du -sh /etc/* 2>/dev/null | sort -hr | head -n5
15 17M /etc/skel
16 6.5M /etc/mateconf
17 3.7M /etc/brltty
18 1.2M /etc/bash_completion.d
19 980K /etc/ssl
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
Task What’s the file system with the most free space?
df [-h] z Report used and free disk space for each file system.Report sizes in human-readable form with -h. (cf. df(1))
sort can extract sort keys from sections of the input lines.
I By default, fields are separated by the empty string between a non-blankcharacter and a blank character.
I Option -k start[,end][arg] uses the indicated area as sort key.
• start and end refer to field numbers. If omitted, end is end of line.• Fields are counted from 1.• The arg specifies how to interpret the field, e.g., one of n numeric,h human-readable numeric, M month abbreviation, maybe r reverse, andothers.
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
1 $ df -h | tail -n+2 | sort -k4hr | head -n1
2 /dev/sda1 434G 21G 391G 6% /
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
Task Look at the Marathon year rankings file41. Cut off the header, andsort it by year.
1 $ head marathon
2 #title: Marathon year rankings
3 #source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathon_Year_Rankings
4 #date retrieved: Wed 2013-Apr-03 14:26:41 CEST
5 #key: sex, time, athlete, athlete's nationality, date, city, country
6
7 M, 2:30:57.6, Harry Payne, GBR, 1929-07-05, Stamford Bridge, England
8 M, 2:5:42, Khalid Khannouchi, MAR, 1999-10-24, Chicago, USA
9 M, 2:5:37.8, Khalid Khannouchi, USA, 2002-04-14, London, UK
10 M, 2:4:48, Patrick Makau Musyoki, KEN, 2010-04-11, Rotterdam, Netherlands
11 M, 2:10:47.8, Bill Adcocks, ENG, 1968-12-08, Fukuoka, Japan
I Patrick Makau Musyoki ⇒ varying number of white spaces beforeinteresting field!
I You may chose any other delimiting character c with the -tc option.
I For testing, use the --debug option of sort.
41https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/marathonStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 123
7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
Testing:
1 $ tail -n+6 marathon | head -n20
2 $ tail -n+6 marathon | sort --debug -k6n | head -n20 # fails
3 $ tail -n+6 marathon | sort --debug -k7n | head -n20 # fails
4 $ tail -n+6 marathon | sort --debug -t, -k5n | head -n20
Solution:5 $ tail -n+6 marathon | sort -t, -k5n
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
Further remarks
I There’s nothing wrong using multiple sort commands in one pipeline.
I A stable sort (-s) does not reorder lines that compare equal wrt. thespecified keys.
I The option -u (unique) only lists the first (incoming) result for all linesthat compare equal wrt. the specified keys.
More commands
uniq [input [output]] z Filter adjacent matching lines from input (orstdin) to output (or stdout).
I The whole line is compared, in contrast to sort -u, which comparesonly the key.
I uniq can count the number of matching lines.
shuf [-n n] [file] z Write a random permutation of the input lines tostdout. If specified, only print the first n lines.
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7 · Pipelines Sorting · 7.3
Question What is happening here?
1 $ ls *.jpeg
2 christchurch.jpeg lake_te_anau.jpeg tama_lakes.jpeg wool.jpeg
3 clearstream.jpeg lava_desert.jpeg the_gap.jpeg
4 farewell_spit.jpeg snowy_creek.jpeg whale.jpeg
5 $ ls *.jpeg | shuf -n1
6 tama_lakes.jpeg
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7 · Pipelines Filtering · 7.4
7.4 Filtering
Another very common task is to find all lines containing a certain string:
grep -F [-v] [-i] 'string' [file] z Print all lines from file (or stdin)that contain the string. With -i, ignore case. With -v, invert thematching, i.e., print non-matching lines.
To show all entries about Patrick:1 $ grep -F -i patrick marathon
2 M, 2:4:48, Patrick Makau Musyoki, KEN, 2010-04-11, Rotterdam, Netherlands
3 M, 2:3:38, Patrick Makau Musyoki, KEN, 2011-09-11, Berlin, Germany
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8Regular Expressions
8 · Regular Expressions Regular Expression basics · 8.1
8.1 Regular Expression basics
I Searching for fixed strings is boring, i.e., not versatile enough.I Find strings that feature a certain pattern:
• Integral numbers (e.g., 123, not hello)• Times (e.g., 6:45pm, not 123)• Dates (e.g., 2012/Dec/21, not 6:45pm)
Regular Expressions describe strings. (Commonly abbreviated RE, rex, or regex)
I If a string s satisfies the description by a regular expression e, we say thats matches e, more formally, s ∼ e. (Or the other way round?)
• 2012/Dec/21 ∼ “description of a date”• 2012/Dec/21 6∼ “description of an integer”
I The strings we want to describe are made of characters, drawn from afinite Alphabet A. For simplicity, instead of all possible characters,assume
A = {a, ..., z, A, ..., Z, 0, ..., 9, /, :, ,, -}
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8 · Regular Expressions Regular Expression basics · 8.1
I Any single character a ∈ A forms a Regular Expression, that is matchedby exactly the string a. These are the simplest REs.
I If e1 and e2 are REs, then so is their concatenation e1e2. It is matchedby exactly the strings that are a concatenation of strings s1 and s2, withs1 ∼ e1, and s2 ∼ e2.
a, n, s ∈ A ⇒ a, n, s are REs ⇒ an, ana, ..., ananas are REs
ananas ∼ ananas
anna 6∼ ananas
I (Up to now, we can only describe fixed strings, like ananas.)
I If e1 and e2 are REs, then so is their alternative e1|e2. It is matched byexactly the strings that match e1 or e2.
plum, cherry are REs ⇒ plum|cherry is a RE
plum ∼ plum|cherrycherry ∼ plum|cherryplerry 6∼ plum|cherry
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8 · Regular Expressions Regular Expression basics · 8.1
I Concatenation binds tighter (aka. has higher precedence) thanalternative.
2011 6∼ 2010|1|2|32 ∼ 2010|1|2|3
I If e is a RE, then so is (e). Use this for grouping expressions, i.e., tooverride precedence:
2011 ∼ 201(0|1|2|3)2 6∼ 201(0|1|2|3)
I If e is a RE, then so is its repetition e∗. It is matched by exactly thestrings that are a concatenation of any number of strings all matching e.
0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9 is a RE ⇒ (0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)∗ is a RE
23 ∼ (0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)∗
0x17 6∼ (0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)∗
027 ∼ (0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)∗
∼ (0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)∗
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8 · Regular Expressions Regular Expression basics · 8.1
I It is less confusing to give the empty string a name: ε, or null string.The RE matched by exactly the empty string is (), i.e., empty, andfrequently also called ε, or null.
ε ∼ ()x 6∼ ()ε 6∼ x
ε ∼ (0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)∗
I Note: ε is not whitespace!• The space character is not even in our toy alphabet: 6∈ A.• If it was, i.e., ∈ A, then still 6∼ (), because a string that contains a
whitespace is not empty.
Exercise Describe the Integers Z, disallow leading 0 if the value is notzero, and disallow empty strings.
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8 · Regular Expressions Regular Expression basics · 8.1
0∣∣(-|)(1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)(0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9)∗
I At this point, you know all the building blocks of Regular Expressions.
I You will come across Regular Expressions quite often during your studies,and notation may vary. The basics are the same, though.
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8 · Regular Expressions Syntactical sugar · 8.2
8.2 Syntactical sugar
There is a lot of syntax sugar that makes writing easier, but does notextend the power of REs: (Let e be a RE, n ∈ N, and c1, ..., cn ∈ A)
I e? := e|() — matching e is optional.
I e+ := ee∗ — requires at least one match of e.
I en,m — e is matched at least n times, at most m times.
I . — the period (wildcard) is matched exactly by any single character.
I [c1c2...] ≡ c1|c2|... — matched exactly by any single character in thecharacter set {c1, c2, ...}.
Exactly single lower-case vowels match [aeiou].
I [c1 − c2] ≡ c1|...|c2 — matched exactly by any single character in thecharacter range c1...c2. (A must be ordered with c1 < c2 to make any sense)
Exactly single upper-case letters match [A− Z].
I [ˆ...] — matched by any character not in the described set, or range.
Exercise Describe the Integers Z, as before.
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8 · Regular Expressions Syntactical sugar · 8.2
0|-?[1− 9][0− 9]∗
I There’s a lot more syntax sugar and notation to learn. But let’s get usedto Regular Expressions first...
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8 · Regular Expressions grep — a regex filter · 8.3
8.3 grep — a regex filter
grep -E [-x] 'regex' [file] z Print all lines from file (or stdin) thatcontain a string matching regular expression regex. With -x, only printlines that match in their entirety. (cf. info grep, and regex(7))
I Print all lines in the file conatining ARG, BRA, or NZL.1 $ grep -E 'ARG|BRA|NZL' marathon # cf. page 123 for the marathon file2 F, 2:26:47, Allison Roe, NZL, 1981-04-20, Boston, USA
3 M, 2:33:19, Juan Zabala, ARG, 1931-10-28, Kosice, SVK
4 M, 2:14:4.8, Michael Ryan, NZL, 1966-11-27, Fukuoka, Japan
5 M, 2:6:5, Ronaldo da Costa, BRA, 1998-09-20, Berlin, Germany
I Any word with two b characters in it?1 $ grep -E 'b[^ ]*b' marathon
2 M, 2:12:11.2, Abebe Bikila, ETH, 1964-10-21, Tokyo, Japan
3 M, 2:40:48.6, Charles Robbins, USA, 1944-11-12, Yonkers, New York, USA
4 M, 2:15:16.2, Abebe Bikila, ETH, 1960-09-10, Rome, Italy
I Print only female runners. Are these correct?
1 $ grep -E 'F' marathon 1 $ grep -E 'F,' marathon
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8 · Regular Expressions grep — a regex filter · 8.3
Anchoring
grep returns all lines that contain a matching string somewhere.
I Option -x returns only lines that match in their entirety.
I ^ matches the empty string at the beginning of a line.
I $ matches the empty string at the end of a line.
I \< matches the empty string at the beginning of a word.
I \> matches the empty string at the end of a word.
All female runners:1 $ grep -E '^F' marathon
1 $ cat food
2 baked apple
3 applepie
4 apple turnover
5 pineapple
6 $ grep -E 'apple\>' food
7 #What do you expect here?8 $ grep -E 'apple$' food
9 #And here?
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8 · Regular Expressions grep — a regex filter · 8.3
Syntax
You may have noticed that the characters we use for the alphabet in thetheory section, are disjoint from the operators:
A ∩ {|, ∗, (, ), ...} = ∅
I In reality, the alphabet does contain characters like |, *, (, ), ...
I What if we need to search for parenthesis?
⇒ We need to distinguish alphabet and operators:
{|, *, (, ), ...}︸ ︷︷ ︸alphabet
∩ {|, ∗, (, ), ...}︸ ︷︷ ︸operators
= ∅
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8 · Regular Expressions grep — a regex filter · 8.3
Characters and Metacharacters
Characters that represent an operation are called metacharacters. Theymay be escaped with a backslash \ to get the literal character.
RE grep -E
operator meta literal
. \.∗ * \*+ + \+? ? \?
| | \|
(e) (e) \(e\)n,m {n,m} [{]n,m}, \{n,m}
[c1...cn] \[c1...cn]^, $, \ \^, \$, \\
I To look for the literal string“[foo*]”
1 $ grep -E '\[foo\*]'
I Note that the backslashneeds to be escaped if usedliterally.
1 $ grep -E -x "\\\\"
What does this match?
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8 · Regular Expressions grep — a regex filter · 8.3
grep’s argument -E stands for extended REs, as distinct from basic REs(without -E). -P switches to Perl Compatible Regular Expressions42.
RE grep -E grep (i.e., basic RE)
operator meta literal meta literal
. \. . \.∗ * \* * \*+ + \+ \+ +? ? \? \? ?
| | \| \| |
(e) (e) \(e\) \(e\) (e)n,m {n,m} \{n,m} \{n,m} {n,m}
[c1...cn] \[c1...cn] [c1...cn] \[c1...cn]^, $, \ \^, \$, \\ ^, $, \ \^, \$, \\
I Option -F makes grep scan for a fixed string instead of a regularexpression.
42For more on PCREs, cf. pcrepattern(3)Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 140
8 · Regular Expressions grep — a regex filter · 8.3
Interesting fact There is no way to check for the correct usage ofparenthesis in general (i.e., unlimited but finite depth of nesting):
I Regular Expressions cannot count.(You’ll learn this in your theoretical CS lectures)
I Hence it is not possible to count the number of opening parenthesis.
I So if we see a ), we cannot know whether there have been enough (sbefore that.
I This applies to all kinds of nesting (e.g., XML tags).
Further RE syntax sugar (may not be available on all platforms, e.g. on Mac)
I \w matches a word constituent, \W matches a non-word constituent.
I \s matches a whitespace, \S matches a non-whitespace.
Exercise Look at the first example on page 13, and find out how it works.You probably have to look at some man pages as well.
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9sed
$ ls | sed -rn '/ /{h;s/ +/_/g;x
> s/.*/mv -n "&"/;G;s/\n/ "/;s/$/"/;p}' | sh
“If it was hard to write, it should be hard to read”
— unknown
9 · sed What is sed? · 9.1
9.1 What is sed?
sed [-r] [-n] [-i] script [file...] z Perform scripted edits on the linesread from input files, or stdin. With -r, use extended regular expressions.Unless -n is given, print every line to stdout.
Sed is a stream editor (typically used in pipes).I A sed script specifies which operations to perform on each line.
• Special script language to specify edit operations.
I It makes one pass over the input data (stdin or from a file).1. Read one line (into what’s called the pattern space).2. Run the sed-script on the pattern space.3. Print the result (unless -n is given).4. goto 1.
I The most common use case: Search and replace a regular expression.A lot of people only know sed’s substitute comand.
Detailed documentation: sed(1), and info sed
Good tutorial: http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html
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9 · sed Substitute — s · 9.2
9.2 Substitute — s
I The substitute command s/regex/replacement/flags replaces thefirst match of regex in each line with the replacement text.
I The separator / may be uniformly replaced by any other character.Whatever you choose, it must be escaped with a \ to appear inside theregex or replacement.
I With flag g, sed replaces every occurrence in a line43.
1 $ sed -r 's/, */;/g' marathon # change field delimiters to ;
If you give a number n instead, only the nth match is replaced.
I With flag p, sed will print a line right after the substitution occured.Useful with -n, and with multiple commands in the sed-script, cf. page 145.
Tasks
1. Delete everything before the name of a runner.
2. Only print the names of the runners.
43To omit writing tail -n+6, we assume the header has been removed, cf. page 149.Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 144
9 · sed Substitute — s · 9.2
1. Remove 2 ,-separated fields.
1 $ sed -r 's/([^,]*, *){2}//' marathon
2. Use the previous solution, and strip everything after the next ,
1 $ sed -r 's/([^,]*, ){2}//' marathon | sed 's/,.*//'
You may specify multiple commands to be applied to each line of input.
I Separate them with a newline, or a semicolon ;
I The commands are applied in the order given.
1 $ sed -r 's/([^,]*, ){2}//;s/,.*//' marathon
1 $ sed -r 's/([^,]*, ){2}// # press Return here2 > s/,.*//' marathon
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9 · sed Substitute — s · 9.2
Reusing matched text
I Within the replacement text, you may use \n to refer to the portion ofthe match which is contained in the nth pair44 of parenthesis.• Another solution of the previous task thus is:
1 $ sed -r 's/([^,]*, ){2}([^,]*),.*/\2/' marathon
I The special character & in the replacement text inserts the portion of theinput line matched by the whole regular expression.• What does the following command do?
1 $ sed -r 's/[0-9]+/(&)/5' marathon
Of course, & may be escaped, as in \&.
44counted by the opening parenthesisStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 146
9 · sed Substitute — s · 9.2
Real world example
1 $ ls
2 Abstract_Colors_Twirls.jpg Forest_Landscape.jpeg
3 Clown_Fish.JPG hupfer.jpeg
4 Dark_Sunset.jpeg Quiet_Fields.jpg
5 White_owl.jpg Wild_ducks.JPG
For all files in the current directory, change the suffix from .jpg to .jpeg.
Technique: First generate the commands to get the job done...
6 $ ls | sed -rn 's/(.*)\.jpg$/mv -n & \1.jpeg/p'7 $ ls | sed -rn 's/(.*)\.jpg$/mv -n & \1.jpeg/pi' # i-flag: ignore case
...then execute these commands! Idea: Pipe them into a shell:
8 $ ls | sed -rn 's/(.*)\.jpg$/mv -n & \1.jpeg/pi' | sh
sh z is the standard command language interpreter. On many systems,this may be just bash itself, or a leaner (faster, less comfortable) yetcompatible (POSIX conformant) interpreter, e.g., dash.
(We’ll see more shell scripting later in this course...)Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 147
9 · sed Substitute — s · 9.2
Addressing lines
I s is just one of the many commands known to sed. Most of the othercommands only make sense when restricted to few lines.• d — “Delete a line”, when applied to all lines leaves nothing.
I You can prefix each command with an address, which limits thecommand to act on addressed lines only.• Without address, all lines are affected.
I Addresses can be:
n A line number n, or $ for the last line./regex/ A regex selects only lines containing a matching string.
start,end A range selects all lines from start to end inclusively. Thelimits can be line numbers, or REs.
addr! Select all but the addressed lines.
Task Delete lines 1–5 of the marathon file.
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9 · sed Substitute — s · 9.2
1 $ sed 1,5d marathon
Inplace edit With command line argument -i[suffix], it is possible tomodify the input file, i.e., sed will replace the original with the result. If asuffix is given, a backup will be made — overwriting any existing backup!Use carefully!
1 $ sed -i 1,5d marathon
2 $ head marathon # check out the result
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9 · sed How sed digests its input · 9.3
9.3 How sed digests its input
a simplifiedpicture!
inputpatternspace
holdspace
output1
read
2 exchange
3
2run script
1 Read one line into the pattern space (replacing its contents).2 Apply the whole script to the pattern space (restarted each cycle):
• Modify the pattern space contents (e.g., s).• Maybe exchange data with the hold space.• ...
3 Flush pattern space to stdout, unless suppressed with the -n option.
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9 · sed Command overview · 9.4
9.4 Command overview
d z delete pattern space, skip following commands, start next cycle.
p z print current contents of the pattern space. May occur multiple times,each printing current state.
n z print pattern space (unless -n is given), then replace it with next lineof input. Do not restart script, rather continue with next command.
{commands} z Group of ;-separated commands (useful: addressing).
s/regex/replacement/flags z substitution, cf. page 144.
h / H z save pattern space to hold space / append to the hold space (witha newline in between) instead of overwriting.
g / G z get hold space into pattern space / append instead, as above.
x z exchange pattern space and hold space.
q z print pattern space (unless -n is given), then quit.
Many more commands, e.g., case conversion, file access, flow control, ...
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9 · sed Command overview · 9.4
Complex example
In all filenames in the current directory, replace sequences of spaces with anunderscore _.
1 $ ls
2 Abstract Colors Twirls.jpg Forest Landscape.jpeg White owl.jpg
3 Clown Fish.JPG hupfer.jpeg Wild ducks.JPG
4 Dark Sunset.jpeg Quiet Fields.jpg
5 $ ls | sed -rn "/ /{h;s/ +/_/g;x;s/.*/mv '&'/;G;s/\n/ /;p}" | sh
6 $ ls
7 Abstract_Colors_Twirls.jpg Forest_Landscape.jpeg White_owl.jpg
8 Clown_Fish.JPG hupfer.jpeg Wild_ducks.JPG
9 Dark_Sunset.jpeg Quiet_Fields.jpg
Using the hold space is required here, since we need to maintain a copy ofthe original filename.
Note for Apple-Users Your version of sed uses -E instead of -r forextended REs. Also, it does not understand \w, \W, \s, nor \S. See themanual if in doubt.
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10Shell Scripting
#!
10 · Shell Scripting Script files · 10.1
10.1 Script files
I Sooner or later you’ll find yourself typing the same commands over andover again45.
1 $ cd ~/studium/sq_15w
2 $ svn up pub
3 $ svn up foobar
I Of course, this can be automated.• Any sequence of commands can be put in a script file.• Running the script executes the commands therein.• You can pass arguments to the script, just like to any other command.• The shell offers control structures like conditionals (if/then) or loops
(for, while).• You can assign to, and use variables.
45This only works if you use a directory structure where your working copy of the SQ publicrepository is in ~/studium/sq_15w/pub, and the working copy of your group’s privaterepository is in ~/studium/sq_15w/foobar.
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10 · Shell Scripting Script files · 10.1
I A script starts with the shebang #! on the first line, directly followed bythe path to the interpreter.
I The rest of the script contains the commands to execute.Although not required, it is good practice to end each command with asemicolon ;
I You may also put multiple commands on the same line, separating themwith semicolon.
I Save this in a file called squp:
1 #!/bin/bash
2 echo 'Updating the SVN repositories for sq_15w';3
4 cd ~/studium/sq_15w; #Adapt this as appropriate5 svn up pub; # update the public repository6 svn up foobar; # update my group's stuff
I An unquoted hash # introduces an eol-style comment, i.e., a commentwhich extends to the end of the line.
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10 · Shell Scripting Script files · 10.1
I To run the script, you have to make it executable first:
1 $ chmod 700 squp # chmod 700? — cf. page 157
I Now you can run the script.
1 $ ./squp # ./ — cf. page 1662 Updating the SVN repositories for sq_15w
3 Updating 'pub':4 At revision 149.
5 Updating 'foobar':6 At revision 149.
I Remark: Although you used cd in the script, you’ll still be in thedirectory where you launched squp.• The running squp process changed its working directory, and then
terminated. This has nothing to do with your interactive shell!• You cannot write shell scripts that “just bring you to another directory”.
(cf.bash(1), Functions.)
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10 · Shell Scripting Permissions · 10.2
10.2 Permissions
So what was this “make executable”-stuff?
I Maybe you have tried ls -l before and after running chmod:
1 $ ls -l squp
2 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 234 Apr 7 18:30 squp
3 $ chmod 700 squp
4 $ ls -l squp
5 -rwx------ 1 pop09951 domain_users 234 Apr 7 18:30 squp
I Remember the output of ls -l (cf. page 22)?
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10 · Shell Scripting Permissions · 10.2
- rwx --- --- 1 pop09951 domain_users 675 Apr 3 18:30 squp
owner
grou
p
other
s
owner
grou
p
file mode
I Every file or directory belongs to one owner and one group.
I A group is a set of users.
groups z List which groups you are a member of.
chgrp group file... z Make files belong to group.
I The mode of the file, aka. access rights, specifies who may read (r),write (w), or execute (x) the file.
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10 · Shell Scripting Permissions · 10.2
Understanding permissions
file directory
read read contents list contentswrite change contents add/rm/mv filesexec run program access contents
I If a file contains a runnable program, it must have the x-bit set to beexecuted.
I It is possible to have an executable program that you cannot read.But not so for shell scripts!
I The difference between read and exec for directories is rather subtle. Youprobably want to set both, or none.
There is no concept like “fallback to lesser permissions”:I If you own a file, the user bits alone determine your access rights.I If you are not the owner but a member of the file’s group, then exactly
the group bits are significant.I If you are neither owner nor member, then the other’s rights apply.
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10 · Shell Scripting Permissions · 10.2
The mode of a file
I In fact, there are twelve flags in a file’s mode.
I Most often, you’ll only deal with the lower nine(3 user classes× 3 permission flags).
A set of individual switches can be modeled as a binary value:
bits
bin
dec
oct
owning user group members others
suid
100000000000
2048
4000
sgid
010000000000
1024
2000
sticky
001000000000
512
1000
read
000100000000
256
400
write
000010000000
128
200
exec
000001000000
64
100
read
000000100000
32
40
write
000000010000
16
20
exec
000000001000
8
10
read
000000000100
4
4
write
000000000010
2
2
exec
000000000001
1
1
The mode of a file is the sum of the flags set.
rwxr-x--- = 400 + 200 + 100 + 40 + 10 = 750 — octal!
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10 · Shell Scripting Permissions · 10.2
Changing the mode
chmod mode file... z For the given files, change the mode to mode.You need to own the file to change its mode.
I The coolest & fastest way certainly is to specify the mode in octal!
1 $ chmod 750 squp
2 $ ls -l squp
3 -rwxr-x--- 1 pop09951 domain_users 234 Apr 7 18:30 squp
I There’s also a symbolic notation for changing modes:
1 $ chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o= squp
2 $ ls -l squp
3 -rwxr-x--- 1 pop09951 domain_users 234 Apr 7 18:30 squp
• Note that there are no spaces in the mode specification! (Why?)• Symbolic mode notation is a surprisingly expressive language. Read the
manual...
I For an exhaustive description, cf. info 'File permissions'.
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10 · Shell Scripting Permissions · 10.2
umask — where the mode comes from
When you create a new file or directory, probably only the w-bits aremissing for group and others. — Why’s that?
1 $ touch foo # assuming a new file2 $ ls -l foo
3 -rw-r--r-- 1 sk users 0 Apr 3 2012 foo
4 $ umask
5 0022
6 $ umask 077
7 $ umask
8 0077
9 $ touch bar # assuming a new file10 $ ls -l bar
11 -rw------- 1 sk users 0 Apr 3 2012 bar
I The umask says which bits mustnot be set (i.e., masked) whencreating. (cf. umask(2))
I By default, the umask is022 = ----w--w-.
umask [mask] z Builtin to set theumask to mask, or print currentvalue if omitted.
To set a more secure default mask, edit the file ~/.profile, and add aline like this: (cf. bash(1) about ~/.profile)
1 umask 077 # safer default mode
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10 · Shell Scripting Environment Variables · 10.3
10.3 Environment Variables
variable=value z Set variable to string value.No spaces are allowed around the equal sign. Spaces in the value mustbe quoted. (For now, all values are strings.)
${variable} z Expand the variable. If unambiguous, this may beabbreviated as $variable. And there are other forms, cf. page 172.
I Variable names must not start with a digit, and are composed of
a, ..., z, A, ..., Z, 0, ..., 9,
(Some shells may not allow lower case characters.)
I Variables are expanded when unquoted, or within double quotes.
1 $ foo=bar
2 $ echo $foo3 bar
4 $ echo "$foo"5 bar
6 $ echo \$foo7 $foo8 $ echo '$foo'9 $foo
10 $ echo "\$foo"11 $foo
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10 · Shell Scripting Environment Variables · 10.3
Special variables
I Every running program has as a set of variables, called the environment.
I Some variables are predefined in (almost) every environment, e.g.:
$HOME Your home directory.
$SHELL What shell you are running.
$USER Your user name.
$PATH cf. page 166
1 $ echo "$USER lives at $HOME, and uses $SHELL"2 pop09951 lives at /home/pop09951, and uses /bin/bash
I The special Variables $1, $2, ... refer to the arguments you passed onthe command line. Use ${n} for n > 9.
Prompting the user
read [-p prompt] var... z This shell builtin reads variables from stdin,optionally showing a prompt.
1 $ read -p 'Who are you? ' name
2 Who are you? I am Bob
3 $ echo "Hello ${name}!"4 Hello I am Bob!
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10 · Shell Scripting Environment Variables · 10.3
An improved version of the squp script:
1 #!/bin/bash
2
3 #Config section4 dir="${HOME}/studium";5
6 # you need to pass the lecture name as argument!7 echo "Updating the SVN repositories for ${1}";8
9 cd "${dir}/${1}"; #Adapt this as appropriate10 svn up pub; # update the public repository11 svn up foobar; # update my group's stuff
gives
1 $ ./squp sq_15w
2 Updating the SVN repositories for sq_15w
3 At revision 149.
4 At revision 149.
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10 · Shell Scripting The right $PATH · 10.4
10.4 The right $PATH
I We still need to prefix our shell script with ./, but why?
I When you type in a command, the shell checks whether it knows what todo. This is the case, e.g., for aliases (cf. page 98) or builtin commands.
I If not, it searches the path for a program to run:• The variable $PATH contains a colon-separated list of directories.• Only these are searched (in order), for a matching file.
1 $ pwd
2 /home/pop09951
3 $ ls squp
4 squp
5 $ echo $PATH6 /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/s
7 bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games
8 $ squp
9 squp: command not found
I You can override the search, by specifying a path to the program.
1 $ /home/pop09951/squp # an absolute path2 $ ./squp # a relative path also works.
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10 · Shell Scripting The right $PATH · 10.4
A home for your scripts
I Create a directory where you store your frequently used scripts:1 $ mkdir ~/scripts
2 $ mv squp ~/scripts/
I Add the new directory to $PATH, be sure to keep the existing path:3 $ echo $PATH4 /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games
5 $ PATH+=":$HOME/scripts" # you may add this to your ~/.bashrc
6 $ echo $PATH7 /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home
8 /likewise-open/ADS/pop09951/scripts
Note, that += appends to the variable’s value.
I Enjoy!9 $ type squp
10 squp is /home/pop09951/scripts/squp
11 $ squp sq_15w # no './' anymore!12 Updating the SVN repositories for sq_15w
13 At revision 153.
14 At revision 153.
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10 · Shell Scripting The right $PATH · 10.4
Caveats
I The order in $PATH is significant. If you put ~/scripts in the beginning,you may shadow existing programs!
1 $ ls -l ~/scripts/ls
2 -rwx------ 1 sk users 31 Sep 29 14:24 /home/sk/scripts/ls
3 $ cat ~/scripts/ls
4 #!/bin/bash
5 echo 'hello world'6 $ echo $PATH7 /home/pop09951/scripts:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local# ...8 $ ls
9 hello world # probably not what you want
I This is a useful feature if you want to shadow an installed but buggytool with a bleeding-edge version. (You cannot shadow builtins, though)
I If you do a lot of testing with self-made programs, you may want to runexecutables in your current working directory more easily.⇒ Append . to the end of $PATH.
Now, why is this “the end”-bit so very, very important?
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10 · Shell Scripting The right $PATH · 10.4
1 $ ls -l /tmp
2 ...3 -rwxr-xr-x 1 evil users 29 Jun 18 10:31 /tmp/ls
4 ...5 $ cat /tmp/ls
6 #!/bin/bash
7 cd ~
8 rm -rf * .*
I Never add directories to $PATH that are writable by untrusted users.
I Be careful when adding relative paths to the $PATH. They may refer topublicly writable directories.
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10 · Shell Scripting More on expansion · 10.5
10.5 More on expansion
I Expansion is the process of replacing parts of your input, performed bythe shell.
I There are seven ways how your input can get expanded by the shell:
1. Brace expansion (cf. page 176),2. tilde expansion (which gives a home directory, cf. page 23),3. variable expansion (replaces variable with its value, cf. page 163),4. arithmetic expansion (i.e., evaluation of arithmetic expressions),5. command substitution (cf. page 173),6. word splitting (cf. page 19), and7. globbing (aka. pathname expansion, cf. page 89).
I They are performed in the given order. In most cases, this is exactly whatyou’d expect.⇒ cf. bash(1), Expansion.
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10 · Shell Scripting More on expansion · 10.5
Variables, again
I The squp script fails subtly if you do not pass an argument:
1 $ squp
2 Updating the SVN repositories for # something's missing here3 Skipped 'pub' # svn is being run on the wrong dir4 Skipped 'foobar'
I Unknown variables expand to the empty string! This is bad! (Why?)
1 $ rm -rf *${suffix} # Idea: remove all files with a certain suffix
I The shell option -u makes bash complain instead:
2 $ echo "bla $qux bla"
3 bla bla
4 $ set -u # fail on unset variable5 $ echo "bla $qux bla"
6 -bash: qux: unbound variable
Improve squp as follows
1 #!/bin/bash
2 set -u; # add this line
I Good advice: Better fail catastrophically than subtly!⇒ Maybe make set -u permanent (cf. page 91) for interactive use?
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10 · Shell Scripting More on expansion · 10.5
Forms of variable expansion
In the bash manual, this is called parameter expansion.
I The following forms expand to the value of $name if it isset and not empty. Otherwise,• ${name:-default} — expands to default, and• ${name:?message} — Prints an error message and ends the script.
1 $ echo ${foo:?"what's foo, dude?"}2 -bash: foo: what's foo, dude?
3 $ foo=42
4 $ echo ${foo:?"what's foo, dude?"}5 42
I If the colon : is omitted, these forms accept the empty string, but stillfail/default if the variable is unset.
I Other forms allow extraction of substrings, determining the length of astring, etc.
(cf. bash(1), Parameter Expansion)Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 172
10 · Shell Scripting More on expansion · 10.5
Command substitution
$(command) z this is replaced by with the output of command on stdout.You might as well use backticks (i.e., ASCII 0x60) as in ‘command‘, butthis behaves less graceful when nesting and quoting.
(cf. bash(1), Command Substitution)
I Like variables, this works in unquoted, and weak-quoted contexts:
1 $ echo The date is $(date)2 The date is Thu Jun 20 08:27:37 CEST 2013
I Useful as a quick way to make a backup:
1 $ cp foo "foo.$(date -u +"%Y%m%d-%H%M%S")" # see date(1) for the time format2 $ ls -l foo*
3 -rw------- 1 sk users 0 Apr 24 12:38 foo
4 -rw------- 1 sk users 0 Apr 24 12:41 foo.20130424-104101
Note the nesting: The first " inside $(·) starts quoting wrt. the innercommand.
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10 · Shell Scripting More on expansion · 10.5
Typical use case: Temporary data
Frequently, one creates intermediate data that needs to be stored in a file.(e.g., the HTML document in this week’s exercise)
I Put intermediate results in a temporary place. ⇒ Store below /tmp.I Avoid conflicts with other users, or when running multiple instances of
the same script. ⇒ Invent a unique name.(For security: It should be hard to guess!)
mktemp [-t] [-d] template z Create a temporary file, and print itsname to stdout.
I The name is calculated from the template by replacing the last sequenceof Xs (min. three) with random characters.
I With -t, create in a temporary location, usually /tmp.I With -d, create a directory instead of a file.
1 $ file="$(mktemp -t foo-XXXXXX)"
2 $ ls $file3 /tmp/foo-BdJLPE
4 $ date >| "$file" # file already exists5 $ cat "$file"6 Mon Jun 4 17:27:59 CET 2013
7 $ rm "$file" # important!
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10 · Shell Scripting More on expansion · 10.5
Other typical use cases for command substitution are:
dirname path z Strip last component from a path.
basename file [suffix] z Strip directory (and suffix) from filename.
readlink symlink z Print target of symlink.
I These are all part of the GNU Coreutils, cf. info coreutils.
I Individual man pages are also available, as usual: basename(1),dirname(1), and readlink(1).
1 $ file=/lecture/slides.tex
2 $ echo "$(basename ${file} .tex).pdf"
3 slides.pdf
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10 · Shell Scripting More on expansion · 10.5
Brace expansion
prefix{string1,string2[,...]}suffix z is replaced with a list of stringsof the form prefix stringN suffix, iterating over the strings.
1 $ echo x{foo,bar,qux}y2 xfooy xbary xquxy
1 $ echo 'a '{b,'c d'} e
2 a b a c d e
I Note that spaces in a brace expression must be quoted!
prefix{first..last[..increment]}suffix z is replaced with a list ofstrings of the form prefix num suffix, iterating over the range.
3 $ echo x{7..12}y4 x7y x8y x9y x10y x11y x12y
5 $ echo x{07..120..50}y6 x007y x057y x107y
I A leading 0 in a range generates equal width numbers.
Example Useful when producing LATEX documents.
1 $ rm *.{aux,log,pdf} #what does this do?
Note, that brace expansion takes place before globbing is expanded!Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 176
10 · Shell Scripting What’s in a command? · 10.6
10.6 What’s in a command? Definition of shell commands
I A simple command is a blank-separated sequence of words, optionallyfollowed by redirections (i.e., <file, 2>&1, etc.).• The first word indicates the command to run (e.g., a builtin, a program, ...).• The remaining words are passed as arguments to the callee.
I A pipeline is a |-separated sequence of one or more commands.• So each command in a pipeline can have its own redirections.• The commands may just as well be compound commands, see below.
I A list is a sequence of one or more pipelines, separated by one of:
; z Sequentially runs one pipeline after the other.Note: A sequence of newlines is equivalent to a ;
& z Runs the former pipeline in the background. (cf. page 186)
&& z and: Run latter pipeline, iff the former was successful,
|| z or: Run latter pipeline, iff the former has failed. (cf. page 179)
I Various compound comands exist (next slide), a full list is in bash(1),Compound Commands.
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10 · Shell Scripting What’s in a command? · 10.6
Compound commands
{ list; } z A group command, the list is simply executed.
1 $ { echo ’listing of /etc’; ls /etc/; cat footer.txt; } > output
if list; then list; [elif list; then list;]... [else list;] fi z
Conditional — The if-lists are tried in sequence, until one of themsucceeds. Then the corresponding then-list is run. An optional else-listis run iff all the if-lists fail.
1 $ if cd path/to/dir; then ls; else echo 'no such thing'; fi
for variable in word...; do list; done z Iteration — Execute thelist once for each of the words, binding it to variable.
1 $ for x in Joe William Jack Averell; do echo $x Dalton; done
while/until list1; do list2; done z Loop — While/untilexecution of list1 is successful, repeat execution of list2.
1 $ while read -p 'name:' x; do echo "hello $x"; done # cf. help read
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10 · Shell Scripting What’s in a command? · 10.6
What is success?
I When a command terminates, it returns an exit code.• An exit code of zero indicates success, while• a non-zero exit code indicates failure, and why.• The most recent exit code is stored in the variable $?
I There are some primitive builtin commands:
true z always succeeds, i.e., returns 0.
false z always fails, i.e., returns non-0.
test expr z evaluates a conditional expression, and returns result.• test "string" — string is not empty.• test -d path — path is a directory.• test -f path — path is a regular file.• ...many more, cf. help test for a list.
I List separators && and || have the same precedence, and associate tothe left!
1 $ test -d "$d" && cd "$d" || echo 'Not a directory, man!'
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10 · Shell Scripting What’s in a command? · 10.6
squp final version
1 #!/bin/bash
2
3 dir="${HOME}/studium"; # config here4 lect="${1:?lecture name unknown}"; # check argument5
6 if cd "${dir}/${lect}" 2>/dev/null; then # hide error message7 echo "Updating the SVN repositories for ${lect}";8 for i in *; do # update all directories9 test -d "$i/.svn" && svn up "$i";
10 done;
11 else
12 echo "Cannot change to ${dir}/${lect}!" >&2; # cool: stderr13 fi;
gives
1 $ squp schwurbel
2 Cannot change to /home/sk/studium/schwurbel!
3 $ squp sq_15w
4 Updating the SVN repositories for sq_15w
5 At revision 269.
6 At revision 269.
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11Processes & Job Control
11 · Processes & Job Control Programs and Processes · 11.1
11.1 Programs and Processes
I A running program is called a process.I Launching a program roughly means:
1. Copy the (passive) program code into memory.2. Tell the CPU to execute the program’s instructions.
These tasks are organised by the operating system kernel.
ps [-A | -u user[,...] | -C command[,...]] z Report processes associated46
with current terminal. The filtering may be changed in various ways, e.g.,to show all (-A), by users or by commands. cf. ps(1)
top z An interactive live display of running processes. cf. top(1)
I A process is identified by itsprocess ID (PID), as listed by ps
or top.
1 $ ps
2 PID TTY TIME CMD
3 4730 pts/5 00:00:00 bash
4 4916 pts/5 00:00:00 ps
46This “association” is rather intricate!Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 182
11 · Processes & Job Control Programs and Processes · 11.1
Multitasking
On a typical system, many processes are running in parallel.
I The OS’s scheduler decides which process is running when, on whichCPU, and for how long.
I Frequent task switching gives the illusion of parallel execution, even onsingle-core machines.
I Most programs idle most of the time, e.g., are waiting for input.
1 $ ps -o cmd,etime,time -C emacs,firefox # cf. ps(1)2 CMD ELAPSED TIME
3 emacs --daemon 8-23:29:51 00:08:23 #my text editor4 firefox 2-23:52:52 00:40:03 #my web browser
• All my editing (using emacs) during the last 9 days has required only 8minutes of CPU time.
• The firefox is way more CPU-hungry.
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11 · Processes & Job Control Signals · 11.2
11.2 Signals
I Signals are one means of inter process comunication: Processes cansend signals to other processes. (You’ll see this again in the OS lecture)
I A receiving process may react on a signal, mostly they do so by dying.
kill [-signal] pid... z Shell builtin to send a signal to the process(es)identified by pids. There’s also a separate /bin/kill, cf. kill(1).
Available signals (an excerpt only — cf. signal(7) for a complete list)
SIGTERM (15) Ask the process to terminate. The default sent by kill.
SIGINT (2) Interrupt signal from keyboard (e.g., pressed C-c).*SIGKILL (9) Tell the OS to end the process. No prisoners taken.*SIGSTOP (19) Tell the OS to stop the process.
SIGCONT (18) Tell the OS to continue the process, if it was stopped.
*not even delivered to the process, but handled by the OS alone ⇒ No chance to react!Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 184
11 · Processes & Job Control Signals · 11.2
Have fun, kill some processes =)
1. Open two terminals, run nano in one of them.
2. In the other terminal:1 $ ps -u $USER # show all your processes2 PID TTY TIME CMD
3 3297 ? 00:00:00 sshd
4 3298 pts/1 00:00:00 bash
5 3466 pts/3 00:00:00 bash
6 3518 pts/3 00:00:00 nano # the victim7 3525 pts/1 00:00:00 ps
8 $ kill 3518 # send SIGTERM to the nano process
3. Observe how nano terminates in the first terminal. Probably with amessage like “Received SIGHUP or SIGTERM”.• If you have edited nano’s buffer, the message will be something like “Bufferwritten to nano.save”. So nano can catch the signal and react.
• If you want to avoid this, send SIGKILL instead:
1 $ kill -9 3518 # send SIGKILL to the nano process
You may see a message “Killed”, which is written by the shell, not nano.
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11 · Processes & Job Control Background jobs · 11.3
11.3 Background jobs
I A running pipeline is called a job.I The shell assigns a job ID to every job under its control.
jobs [-l] z List jobs controlled by this shell. -l gives more detail.
I So far, we have only seenforeground jobs, blocking theshell until their termination.
I You may launch a job in thebackground by appending anampersand & (cf. page 177).
I When launching a backgroundjob, the shell prints a line of theform “[jobid] pid” where pidis the PID of the last process inthe pipeline.
1 $ sleep 30 | wc &
2 [1] 29380
3 $ # the new prompt shows up immediately!
You could run anything now, but wetry the jobs command...
3 $ jobs
4 [1]+ Running sleep 30 | wc &
Check out the process listing as well
5 $ ps
6 PID TTY TIME CMD
7 29362 pts/15 00:00:00 bash
8 29379 pts/15 00:00:00 sleep
9 29380 pts/15 00:00:00 wc
10 29383 pts/15 00:00:00 ps
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11 · Processes & Job Control Background jobs · 11.3
I stdout and stderr of the job simply show up somewhere on theterminal.• This may be confusing.• Some interactive tools (e.g., nano) redraw the screen when you hit C-l.
I When a background jobterminates, the shell is informed,and it prints a message justbefore showing the next prompt.
11 $ # hit return to get new prompt12 [1]+ Terminated sleep 30 | wc
13 $
kill [-signal] %jobid... z Send signal to all processes of job jobid.
I You can send a signal to allprocesses in a pipline, via theirjob ID prefixed with %.
1 $ sleep 30 | wc &
2 [1] 31870
3 $ kill %1 # the % indicates a job ID4 [1]+ Terminated sleep 30 | wc
5 $ jobs
6 $
Note Killing jobs must be done with the shell’s builtin kill — why?Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 187
11 · Processes & Job Control Foreground jobs · 11.4
11.4 Foreground jobs
I Hit C-c to interrupt a foreground job.• The signal SIGINT is sent to all processes in the pipeline.• Ususally, the job should terminate.
I Hitting C-z stops a foreground job, and returns control to the shell.• The signal SIGTSTP (not SIGSTOP) is sent to all processes in the pipeline.• The job should become a stopped background job.
Note Both signals may be caught and handled by a process (try nano(1)
for an example), so the program may ignore them, or react in other ways.
Why is that good? — You hit C-c, the terminal sends SIGINT to its children. You want
the shell’s foreground job to terminate, not the shell itself!
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 188
11 · Processes & Job Control Resuming jobs · 11.5
11.5 Resuming jobs
fg [jobid] z Place the job with jobid in the foreground, making it thecurrent job. SIGCONT is sent if it was stopped.
bg [jobid...] z Resume (SIGCONT) each suspended job jobid in thebackground, as if it had been started in the background with &.
I Without jobid, both commandsuse the current job, i.e., the lastone stopped, or started in thebackground. It is flagged with +
in jobs’ output.
1 $ sleep 90
2 ^Z # here I have typed C-z3 [1]+ Stopped sleep 90
4 $ bg # resume process in background5 [1]+ sleep 90 &
6 $ jobs
7 [1]+ Running sleep 90 &
Final remarks
I A background process is stopped automatically, if it tries to read stdin.
I Further reading: info bash 'Job Control', and section Job Control inbash(1).
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 189
12(Lehrevaluation)
I A volunteer student collects the questionnaires and delivers them to theinhouse mail (Poststelle, A 531).• They will be centrally processed, “anonymised47”, and aggregated.• The results are forwarded to the lecturer (i.e., me) and to the Studiendekan.
I When answering, do not refer to other questions. We cannot follow thelink, since all correlation between the answers is lost!
47we will see your handwriting, though
13Secure Shell
Meeting Alice, Bob, and Eve.
13 · Secure Shell What is Secure Shell? · 13.1
13.1 What is Secure Shell?
A client/server protocol48 providing strong cryptography for remote shellsessions.
I Execute commands (e.g., bash) on a remote machine.
I Copy files, port fowarding, display forwarding, and other cool stuff...I Public key authentication...
• ...against man-in-the-middle attacks.• ...for login without password.
I SSH intends to replace insecure products, like telnet(1), rsh(1), etc.
Requirements
I You’ll need access credentials (e.g., username/password) for the remotemachine,
I an SSH server must be running there, and
I an SSH client mut be available on your local machine.
48A free implementation is OpenSSH: http://www.openssh.orgStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 192
13 · Secure Shell What is Secure Shell? · 13.1
Typical ssh usage
ssh [user@]host [command] z Run command as user on a remot host.
I Without user, your local username is used.I Without command, the default shell is launched.I The standard streams (stdin, stdout, stderr) of the local ssh process
are redirected to the remote process.
Demo1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07 # start a remote shell2 Last login: Mon Sep 16 14:51:43 2013 from p57a2fefe.dip0.t-ipconnect.de
3 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ ls -l # this happens on titan07
4 total 196
5 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 198268 Jun 26 22:01 bigFile.txt
6 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ logout # end remote session7 Shared connection to titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de closed.
8 sk@phobos90:~$
I This won’t work out of the box!The following slides will show you how to get there...
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
13.2 Cryptography Buzzword Overview
I In literature, the legitimate partners in a communication are oftenreferred to as Alice, Bob, and Charlie.
I The bad guys are often referred to as Eve, or Mallory.
I An encryped plaintext or message is referred to as ciphertext.
I The algorithms used are generally assumed to be known to the public.(Otherwise: Security by obscurity, a concept considered flawed by crypto experts)
I A key is a piece of data used by the algorithm to encrypt a message, orto decrypt a ciphertext. Most often, a key must be kept secret.
Notation In the following, I’ll use symbol ⊕ () to represent encryption(decryption) in a very handwaving way:
message⊕ key = ciphertext ciphertext key = message
If you’re interested in the Real Magic behind cryptography, digest any book on NumberTheory. For an easy read about the history of cryptography, and some ideas behind it,try: Simon Singh. The Code Book. 4th Estate Limited, 1999. ISBN 1-85702-879-1.
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Symmetric Encryption
Goal Alice sends a message m to Bob, that nobody else can read.
I Alice and Bob both have knowledge of a key k, which must be keptsecret from everyone else: A shared secret.
Alice transfer Bob
knows k knows kwrites m
c := m ⊕ k→ c
c k = mNotes
I The one-time pad encryption scheme uses each key only once. It usespurely random keys, and provably provides perfect secrecy.
I How can Alice and Bob share a secret key?
• Personal meeting,• trusted alternative channel (e.g., snail mail, courier),• ...?
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
The problem of key distribution
I Efficiently and securely exchanging a shared secret over an unsecurechannel was deemed impossible before 1976.
I Then, the Diffie-Hellman key exchange algorithm was published49.
Imagine this
1. You meet with Alice and Bob. They do not know each other, and theyhave never met before.
2. They start talking — you listen carefully.
3. After a few minutes, they share a secret number. And you have nochance to know what it is.
I It is non-trivial mathematics, but there’s a nice explanation with ananalogy in colours50.
49Whitfield Diffie, Martin Hellman. New directions in cryptography. IEEE Transacti-ons on Information Theory 22 (6): 644–654, 1976. https://ee.stanford.edu/~hellman/publications/24.pdf
50https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie_hellmanStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 196
13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Public Key Encryption
Goal Different approach to solve the key distribution problem51.I Bob creates a key pair (bpub, bsec).
• The public key bpub is visible to the public (Alice, Eve, ...), while• the secret key bsec is known only to Bob — not even to Alice!
I Encryption is done with bpub, decryption is feasible only with bsec.
Alice transfer Bob
writes m generates (bpub, bsec)→ request
pub. key
bpub ←c := m ⊕ bpub → c
c bsec = mNotesI It is infeasible to reconstruct bsec, or m, from the public knowledge.
I Everyone can send encrypted messages to Bob, by looking up Bob’s pulickey bpub in a phonebook. All senders use the same key!
51Diffie-Hellman has the drawback to require Alice and Bob to talk to each other beforethey can share a secret. One would like to avoid this.
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Message Digest
A cryptographic hash function calculates a hash value of a message.
hash :: message → [0, constant]Nm 7→ h
The following properties are required for a cryptographic hash function:
I h is within a (large!) known range, i.e., we know how much memory itwill take, not depending on the length of m.
I hash has an efficient implementation (fast, little memory used).I Given only h, is infeasible to find message m so that hash m = h.
• Thus, one cannot generate messages m1 6= m2 so that hash m1 = hash m2,• nor alter a message without changing the hash value.
Notes
I The MD5 algorithm (128bit, v ∈ [0, 2128]) is assumed to be insecure.
I SHA-n (up to 512 bit) refers to a group of algorithms, some of themdeveloped by the NSA. Design choices are not always published.
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Using hash functions
I Checking file integrity.• When you make a backup, store checksum for each file.• When restoring, recalculate checksums to test whether backup was damaged.
I Identification of data.• Checksum of contents is robust against renaming of files.• Identifies data without revealing the data (tricky).• Is the remote 6TB file the same as the local one? (e.g., rsync)
I Encrypted storage of passwords.• If Eve steals the password database, she still needs to find passwords that
create the stored hash values (tricky).
I Non-cryptographic hash functions (smaller image, collisions more likely)are used in some data structures, like hash tables. They are important,e.g., in database systems.
Tools Some of these tools should be installed: Look for the man pagesmd5sum(1), sha512sum(1), and openssl(1).
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Signing a message
Goal Alice signs a message m, so that everyone can verify her authorship.
I Alice creates a key pair (apub, asec), as before (cf. page 197).
I The signature is hash m encrypted with Alice’s secret key asec.
Alice transfer Bob
generates (asec, apub)writes m
s := hash m ⊕ asec → (m, s)reads mrequest
pub. key ←→ apub
s apub?= hash m
Notes
I It is infeasible to construct (m′, s ′) so that s ′ apub = hash m′.
I Everyone can verify messages from Alice, by looking up apub in aphonebook. Only Alice can sign messages with asec.
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Man-in-the-middle attack The problem of authentication
I Eve may hijack a connection (e.g., by setting up a faked WiFi hotspot).
I Alice thinks she’s talking to Bob, and vice versa, but both are talkingonly to Eve!
Alice transfer Eve transfer Bob
writes m gen (bpub, bsec)
→requestpub. key →request
pub. keygen (b′pub, b
′sec)
b′pub ← bpub ←c := m ⊕ b′pub c →
c b′sec = mc ′ := m′ ⊕ bpub
c ′ →c ′ bsec = m′
Notes
I All previously shown schemes are prone to this attack!
I Only signing a message is no solution: Bob needs to have a valid publickey of Alice! ⇒ The same problem again.
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Solution 1: Certificates
I Bob gets his public key + name signed by a trustworthy third party,say Charly.
(bpub, "Bob") 7→ (bpub, "Bob", s)
This is called a certificate.• Charly verifies that Bob is Bob before issuing the certificate.• Since Eve cannot prove being Bob, she won’t get (b′pub, "Bob") signed.
I When Alice receives a public key for Bob, she needs to verify that• the key actually mentions Bob as the owner, and• there is a valid signature from Charly.
Problems
I How does Alice get Charly’s public key safely?
I Why trust Charly, in the first place?
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Public Key Infrastructure How does Alice get Charly’s key safely?
I Certificates from trusted centralized Certification Authorities (CAs)are pre-installed with your operating system.
I Their business model is to earn money by issuing certificates.More certificates sold ⇒ more money earned.
I A compromised CA allows man-in-the-middle attacks.• 2001: VeriSign issued invalid certificates52 for Microsoft software updates.• 2011: DigiNotar issued invalid certificates53.• ... (many more in recent history)
52https://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2001-04.html53http://arstechnica.com/security/2011/08/earlier-this-year-an-iranian/Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 203
13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Web of Trust Why trust Charly (or the CA)?
I On a key signing party, you sign the keys of everyone you trust...(Do not sign the key of that unknown girl, claiming she’s Bob!)
I ...and you have every one knowing you sign your key.
I The more signatures a certificate has from trustworthy people, the moretrustworthy it becomes.
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13 · Secure Shell Cryptography Buzzword Overview · 13.2
Solution 2: Verification over alternative channel
I Distribute the key over a separate channel, which must be trustworthy.
I The more different channels are used to verify a key, the better.
Examples
I The owner publishes his keys for email contact on an SSL-protectedwebsite, hosted by a trustworthy third party.
I Alice calls Bob on the phone (recognising his voice!) to verify the key.
I Your bank sends to you a new TAN block via snail mail.
Fingerprints Keys are too long to read them loud on the phone.
I A key fingerprint is a hash value of a key.
I It is infeasible to construct a key with the same fingerprint.
I It is sufficient to verify the fingerprint of a key.
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13 · Secure Shell Your first ssh login · 13.3
13.3 Your first ssh login
I The ssh(1) command establishes an SSH connection, cf. page 193.
I Each SSH server has a host-specific key pair: The host key.• These are the files /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*.• There’s two files for each algorithm (e.g., RSA, DSA, ECDSA, ...)
I The fingerprint of the host’s public key should be verified by the user.
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh [email protected] # on my machine2 The authenticity of host 'titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de (134.34.224.26)'3 can't be established.
4 ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:Ya1Jft69XxwE8ZO8vuid4ArcltKUV6mGGz0/NjlXXfg.
5 Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
• ECDSA is the asymmetric algorithm used to secure this connection.• SHA256 is the hash function used to verify the public key.
⇒ Find the corresponding line in the file54 published over a securealternative channel (Webbrowser, HTTPS secured connection):
7 256 SHA256:Ya1Jft69XxwE8ZO8vuid4ArcltKUV6mGGz0/NjlXXfg root@titan07 (ECDSA)
54https://svn.uni-konstanz.de/dbis/sq_15w/pub/titan07-fingerprintsStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 206
13 · Secure Shell Your first ssh login · 13.3
I Having verified the public key’s fingerprint, you can be sure that there isno man in the middle. Type yes:
5 Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
6 Warning: Permanently added 'titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de' (ECDSA) to the
7 list of known hosts.
The server’s public key will be remembered in ~/.ssh/known_hosts.
I Now it is safe to enter your password, it will be encrypted for transfer,and it is guaranteed to be sent to titan07.
8 Password: #RZ-password that came with your mail acount9 Last login: Thu Jan 24 13:57:37 2013 from verne.inf.uni-konstanz.de
10 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ # now I’m working on titan07
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13 · Secure Shell Your first ssh login · 13.3
Your second ssh login
I The next time you connect to titan07, its public key is recognised.
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh [email protected]
2 Password: # type your password3 Last login: Fri Jan 10 14:49:42 2014 from phobos90.inf.uni-konstanz.de
4 pop09951@titan07 ~ $
I It may be cumbersome to write username and fully qualified hostnameagain and again.
• You can define per-hostdefaults in ~/.ssh/config
1 Host titan07
2 HostName titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de
3 User pop09951 # your user name
• Then it’s enough to give theunqualified hostname:
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07
2 Password: # type your password3 Last login: Fri Nov 1 16:24:21 2013 # ...4 pop09951@titan07 ~ $
(cf. ssh_config(5) for more.)
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13 · Secure Shell Your first ssh login · 13.3
Your nth ssh login
I Sometimes the host key of the server changes.
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07
2 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
3 @ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @
4 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
5 # ...6 The fingerprint for the ECDSA key sent by the remote host is
7 SHA256:Ya1Jft69XxwE8ZO8vuid4ArcltKUV6mGGz0/NjlXXfg.
8 Please contact your system administrator.
9 Add correct host key in /home/sk/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
10 Offending ECDSA key in /home/sk/.ssh/known_hosts:7 # so here is the invalid key11 # ...12 Host key verification failed.
13 sk@phobos90:~$
I Verify that this happens for a valid reason, maybe reinstallation of theserver. Check via alternative channel, e.g., call the admin.
I then remove line 7 from ~/.ssh/known_hosts,
I and log in again, verifying the new fingerprint as on page 206.
Question How to delete line 7 from a file?Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 209
13 · Secure Shell Your first ssh login · 13.3
14 sk@phobos90:~$ sed -i 7d /home/sk/.ssh/known_hosts
15 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07
16 The authenticity of host 'titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de (134.34.224.27)' can't b
17 e established.
18 ECDSA key fingerprint is HA256:Ya1Jft69XxwE8ZO8vuid4ArcltKUV6mGGz0/NjlXXfg.
19 Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
20 Warning: Permanently added 'titan07.inf.uni-konstanz.de,134.34.224.27' (ECDSA)
21 to the list of known hosts.
22 Password: # ...*sigh*...23 Welcome to Linux Mint 17.1 Rebecca (GNU/Linux 3.13.0-37-generic x86_64)
24 # ...25 pop09951@titan07 ~ $
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13 · Secure Shell Channel multiplexing · 13.4
13.4 Channel multiplexing
I ssh can multiplex multiple connections over one secure channel.
I You only need to authenticate when the channel is established.• This makes subsequent connections much faster.• You do not need to type your password again and again.
I Put the following lines at the top of your ~/.ssh/config:
1 ControlMaster auto
2 ControlPath ~/.cache/ssh-%C
3 ControlPersist 180
Make sure that the directory ~/.cache exists. ssh willcreate files matching ssh-* there. An alternative wouldbe to use /tmp instead. (cf. ssh_config(5))
I Now you can have multiple terminals connected to a remote host, butyour password is required only once.
I After closing the last session, the connection persists for 3 minutes(180s). Do not use longer times, this binds resources on the server!
I Read ssh_config(5) for more information.
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13 · Secure Shell Applications of ssh · 13.5
13.5 Applications of ssh
I Without further arguments, ssh gives you a remote shell.• The shell is the default command to run, if nothing else is specified.
I You may instead specify the command to be run remotely:
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07 ls -l
2 total 8
3 drwx------ 2 pop09951 domain_users 4096 Dec 9 12:15 scripts
4 drwx------ 4 pop09951 domain_users 4096 Dec 9 10:50 studium
5 sk@phobos90:~$ #Note: local host
I You may pass compound commands to be run in the remote shell:
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07 'ls -la | wc -l' # wc and ls are run remotely2 29
3 sk@phobos90:~$ #Note: local host
Note ls and wc are run by a remote shell, which manages the pipeline.
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13 · Secure Shell Applications of ssh · 13.5
Stream redirection
I ssh forwards the standard streams stdin, stdout, and stderr.
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07 ls -la | wc -l
2 29
3 sk@phobos90:~$
Note The output of ls is piped into a local wc process.
I This also works for stdin:
1 sk@phobos90:~$ date | ssh titan07 'cat >foo'2 sk@phobos90:~$ # exercise: how can we test this worked?
Magic ssh does not get the password from stdin!
Question What would this do, assuming all used commands existed:
1 sk@phobos90:~$ genData | ssh titan07 analyze > result
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13 · Secure Shell Public key authentication · 13.6
13.6 Public key authentication
I You still have to enter your password to establish a connection. It timesout quite fast (we have set this to 180s).
I You have to memorize different passwords for different hosts.
Solution Public key authentication
1. Generate your own pair of keys. Keep the private key secret!
2. Append the public key to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on each machineyou want to log in to, e.g., titan07.
3. When establishing a connection,• the SSH server on titan07 will generate a challenge using your public key,
and send it to you.• You use your private key to calculate a valid response, and send it back,
thus proving your authenticity.
�
Everyone with your private key can log in to the server!⇒ Protect it with a password (better: passphrase).
Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 214
13 · Secure Shell Public key authentication · 13.6
Step 1 — Generate a key pair
ssh-keygen [-t type] [-f file] z Generate key pair of desired type.The secret key goes to file, the public key goes to file.pub. Default is tocreate an RSA key in ~/.ssh/id_rsa(.pub).
ssh-keygen -l [-E hash] [-f keyfile] z Show fingerprint of the givenkeyfile, calculated with the given hash function.
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh-keygen
2 Generating public/private rsa key pair.
3 Enter file in which to save the key (/home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa): # just press return4 Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): # use a strong passphrase...5 Enter same passphrase again: # ...type it again6 Your identification has been saved in /home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa.
7 Your public key has been saved in /home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
8 The key fingerprint is:
9 SHA256:2D4A8nPPoIv4QKY3Ym1O8Zr156BJvF+uNPkdyz0IO1E sk@phobos90
10 # ...
Keep your private key secret!
For an in-depth description, cf. ssh-keygen(1).Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 215
13 · Secure Shell Public key authentication · 13.6
Step 2 — Install the public key on the target machine
I On titan07, create a directory ~/.ssh, and set its permissions to 700.I Append the public key to the file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys.I You may append more keys to allow login from other machines as well.
1 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ mkdir -p ~/.ssh
2 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ chmod 700 ~/.ssh # ssh refuses to work otherwise3 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ cat >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys <<.
4 > # copy the public key here5 > .
Alternatively, one could also do this with one pretty cool pipeline:
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07 'mkdir -p ~/.ssh; chmod 700 ~/.ssh; cat >>~/.ssh/au
2 thorized_keys' <~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
If there is no shared connection available (cf. page 211), ssh needs to authenticate youfirst. In that case, it will ask you for the passphrase to unlock the private key. This isuseless, because the public key is not yet installed on titan07:
2 Enter passphrase for key '/home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa': # useless, press return3 Password: # type your password
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13 · Secure Shell Public key authentication · 13.6
Step 3 — Log in using public key authentication
If a private key is locally available, then ssh will always try to use that forauthentication, and ask you for the passphrase to unlock it.
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07
2 Enter passphrase for key '/home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa': # type the passphrase3 Last login: Fri Jan 10 13:32:16 2014 from phobos90.inf.uni-konstanz.de
4 pop09951@titan07 ~ $ # enjoy
I If that fails, it will fall back to asking for your password. We have justseen this on the previous slide, bottom.
I You can connect to any host that has your public key.
Problem You always have to type in your passphrase.
One might use the empty passphrase, storing the private key unencrypted. If Eve gainsaccess to the private key (maybe by stealing your laptop), she can impersonate you onthe respective target machines. ⇒ Bad idea.
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13 · Secure Shell The SSH Agent · 13.7
13.7 The SSH Agent
A safer place to store an unencrypted private key is in volatile systemmemory, aka. RAM.
I The ssh-agent(1) is a local background process that can hold yourdecrypted private keys, and provide authentication for your ssh client.• It is typically started when you log in, and terminates when you log out.
I You can add decrypted private keys to the agent using ssh-add(1).
I All your ssh clients can ask the ssh-agent to perform theauthentication.
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13 · Secure Shell The SSH Agent · 13.7
Step 4 — Running the SSH agent
ssh-agent [-c] [command] z Launches the agent. If a command is given,it is executed with information on how to find the agent. Withoutcommand, the required information is printed to stdout. This should beevaluated by the caller: eval "$(ssh-agent)".
I The ssh client tries to contact a running agent through a socket, whosepath is expected in the environment variable on $SSH_AUTH_SOCK.
I On a modern desktop Linux, an SSH agent is probably running.
1 $ ps -opid,user,cmd -C ssh-agent
2 PID USER CMD
3 6164 sk ssh-agent
4 $ ls -l $SSH_AUTH_SOCK # verify the permissions5 srw------- 1 sk users 0 Jan 15 16:59 /tmp/ssh-JpGflXpdrx0Y/agent.6554
I Otherwise, you may launch a new ssh-agent(1) by hand.
Read ssh-agent(1), and how to use it on your distro!
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13 · Secure Shell The SSH Agent · 13.7
Step 5 — Passing public keys to the SSH agent
ssh-add [-l] [-D] [-t timeout] [file] z Decrypt private key from file,and add it the to the agent. With -t, drop the key after timeout seconds.With -l, list the keys known to the agent, with -d delete the key.
I If no file is specified, ssh-add tries to unlock all keys it finds under~/.ssh with the same passphrase.
I When not run from a trminal, or stdin comes from /dev/null, thenssh-add tries to run a graphical interface to ask the user for thepassphrase, cf. ssh-askpass(1).
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh-add
2 Enter passphrase for /home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa: # type the passphrase3 Identity added: /home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa (/home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa)
4 sk@phobos90$ ssh-add -l # list known identities5 2048 b0:0f:fc:84:88:25:b8:52:da:93:9c:94:70:a6:fb:cb /home/sk/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)
For more information, cf. ssh-add(1).
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13 · Secure Shell The SSH Agent · 13.7
Step 6 — use it
You can log in on any host that has your public key, without password:
1 sk@phobos90:~$ ssh titan07
2 Last login: Fri Jan 10 14:12:35 2014 from phobos90.inf.uni-konstanz.de
3 titan07:~$
SummaryI On each machine you want to log in from:
• Make sure the ssh-agent(1) is running when your session starts, and that$SSH_AUTH_SOCK is set properly.
• Create a key pair with ssh-keygen(1).• Add the private key to the agent with ssh-add(1).
I On each machine you want to log in to:• Create a file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys, and• append the public keys of all machines you want to log in from.
Some servers may accept only certain algorithms, maybe ECDSA but not RSA. In thatcase, you’ll need a key pair for that particular algorithm. It is completely valid to have keypairs for different algorithms. See ssh-keygen(1), option -t.
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14 · Other tools File archives · 14.1
14.1 File archives
I Sometimes, one wants to archive a bunch of files or directories into asingle file. E.g., distribution of software packages.
I The tape archiver tar was intended to archive files onto tape.• Appeared in Unix 7, 1979. Many tar implementations followed.• There are other archivers, e.g. ar(1), cpio(1), ...
I A tar archive is often referred to as tarball, and usually has a .tar
filename suffix.
Note By default, tar applies no compression (like all pure archivers).
I We can choose any compressor, independent of the archiver.I Good example of Unix Philosophy:
• Small is beautiful (i.e., write small programs).• Make each program do one thing well.• Build programs that cooperate.
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14 · Other tools File archives · 14.1
Create an archive
tar -c [-f archive] [-v] [-C dir] (file|dir)... z Create archive,containing files and directories, and their metadata.
I Without -f archive, use stdout to write an archive.I Option -v makes tar verbose, i.e., list the files it processes.I With -C change to other directory, and do extraction/archiving there.I It is bad style to create archives that contain multiple top-level entries.
• Create archive of a single top-level directory, say foo.• Name the archive foo.tar, i.e., like the top-level directory.
1 $ ls -lh
2 drwx------ 2 pop09951 domain_users 4.0K Jan 15 11:39 scripts
3 drwx------ 4 pop09951 domain_users 4.0K Jan 12 17:44 studium
4 $ tar -cf studium.tar studium #mnemonic: create file5 $ ls -lh
6 drwx------ 2 pop09951 domain_users 4.0K Jan 15 11:39 scripts
7 drwx------ 4 pop09951 domain_users 4.0K Jan 12 17:44 studium
8 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 160M Jan 20 10:45 studium.tar
9 $ du -sh studium
10 162M studium
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14 · Other tools File archives · 14.1
Inspect an archive
tar -t [-f archive] [-v] z List archive contents to stdout.
I It is a good idea to inspect the contents of an unknown archive:• Unless -k is given, tar may overwrite existing files.• An archive with many top-level entries will litter your working directory.• You do not know which files are generated by unpacking!
I Option -v makes tar give a listing in long format, like ls -l.
1 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 160M Jan 12 09:57 studium.tar
2 $ tar -tf studium.tar #mnemonic: type file3 studium/
4 studium/sq_15w/
5 studium/sq_15w/pub/
6 studium/sq_15w/pub/lecture08.pdf
7 studium/sq_15w/pub/lecture04.pdf
8 studium/sq_15w/pub/lecture07.pdf
9 studium/sq_15w/pub/putty.zip
10 # ...
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14 · Other tools File archives · 14.1
Extract an archive
tar -x [-f archive] [-k] [-v] [-C dir] z Extract contents fromarchive, or from stdin. With -k do not overwrite existing files.
I You can extract into your working directory...
11 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 160M Jan 20 09:57 studium.tar
12 $ tar -xf studium.tar #mnemonic: x-tract file13 $ ls -lh
14 total 160M
15 drwx------ 4 pop09951 domain_users 4.0K Jan 12 17:44 studium
16 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 160M Jan 20 09:57 studium.tar
17 $ du -sh studium
18 162M studium
I ...or somewhere else:
1 $ mkdir container #make new directory2 $ tar -C container -xf studium.tar # extract below container
• The tar program opens studium.tar in the current working directory...• ...but it changes to directory container before extracting.
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The tar pipe
A nice way to copy a whole directory tree:
1 $ ls -l ~/studium/
2 total 8
3 drwx------ 4 pop09951 domain_users 4096 Dec 1 18:48 sq_15w
4 $ mkdir /tmp/demo
5 $ tar -C ~/studium/ -c sq_15w | tar -C /tmp/demo/ -x
I Without -f, the archive is read/written via the standard streams.I The reading tar (on the left)
• changes to directory ~/studium,• reading the directoy sq_15w there,• writing the archive to stdout,
I while the writing tar (on the right)• changes to directory /tmp/demo,• reading the archive from stdin,• and reconstructing the directory tree.
You could also achieve something similar with cp -r, so why bother?
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14 · Other tools File archives · 14.1
Even more fun with tar
Of course, this works across the network via ssh:
1 $ tar -C ~/studium/ -c sq_15w | ssh titan07 tar -C studium/ -x
I The local tar process archives,
I while the remote tar process extracts.
I This way, you may even benefit from tar’s other options, e.g., morecontrol over metadata, file selection, etc....
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14 · Other tools Compressing files · 14.2
14.2 Compressing files
Data compression: The art of storing the same data using less space.
Compression algorithms can be grouped in two classes:
I Lossless: The original data can be reproduced exactly.I Lossy: Non-essential data is removed (irrevocably) to save space.
• Often used for audio, still and motion pictures ⇒ lower quality.
For compression of file archives, we’re interested in lossless schemes.
I Examples of famous lossless compression algorithms:• Huffman encoding (1952) uses variable number of bits per character,
depending on its frequency.• Lempel–Ziv (1977) replaces repeated occurrences of data by a single copy.• Burrows-Wheeler (1994) rearranges data into sequences of similar data.
I Current tools use combinations and variations of these, and otheralgorithms.
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14 · Other tools Compressing files · 14.2
The most popular compressors under Linux are probably gzip(1),bzip2(1), and xz(1).
I They vary in (de)compression speed, and compression ratio.
I They share a very similar command line interface.
I None of them provides archiving functionality.⇒ Suitable for singleton files only.
I Some implementations of tar can even use these tools to directly(de)compress the tar stream, cf. tar(1).
Others
I The traditional compress(1) was disliked for patent issues, and is nowsurpassed by the above.
I There is also zip(1), which can do its own archiving (so does not dependon tar). This may not be available on Unix systems.
I There are many more...
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14 · Other tools Compressing files · 14.2
gzip and gunzip
gzip [-k] [-n] [file...] z Compress each file into file.gz, and removethe original. Compression level n (min. 1, max. 9) defaults to 6.
gunzip [-k] [file.gz...] z Decompress each file.gz into file, andremove the original.
I Typical Unix compressors come in pairs, one for compression, one fordecompression.• bzip2(1), and bunzip2(1).• xz(1), and unxz(1).
I With option -k, keep the original files. Not available in all versions!
I Without files, (de)compress stdin to stdout.⇒ They work great in a pipeline.
(See the manuals for many more options)
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14 · Other tools Compressing files · 14.2
The other compressors
I gzip(1), bzip2(1), and xz(1) share a very similar CLI, so you may usethem as a drop-in replacement, using different filename suffixes...
I Typically, compressed files have a suffix added to their name.• This identifies the compression to expect in the file.
I A typical compressed tarball looks like this:
archive_name-version.tar.gz
I Some operating systems do not like stacked suffixes!⇒ The following short forms are accepted as well:
renaming uncompressed gzip bzip2 xz
general n n.gz n.bz2 n.xz
alternative n = m.tar m.tgz m.tbz2, m.tbz m.txz
Question Why not simply choose the best compressor?
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14 · Other tools Compressing files · 14.2
A rough comparison of the compression tools
I The tool time(1) can measure the resource usage of a process.
1 $ alias time="/usr/bin/time -f 'took %Us, used %MkB'" # cf. time(1)
• Make sure not to use bash’s builtin command time.• %U prints the CPU time used by process, %M the required memory.
I Measure compression times, and RAM usage.
1 $ time gzip <sq_15w.tar >sq_15w.tar.gz
2 took 2.12s, used 3552kB
3 $ time bzip2 <sq_15w.tar >sq_15w.tar.bz2
4 took 12.55s, used 27840kB
5 $ time xz <sq_15w.tar >sq_15w.tar.xz
6 took 21.38s, used 385168kB
I Compare compression ratios.
1 $ ls -hl sq_15w*
2 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 40M Jan 17 23:38 sq_15w.tar
3 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 37M Jan 18 15:30 sq_15w.tar.bz2
4 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 38M Jan 18 15:29 sq_15w.tar.gz
5 -rw------- 1 pop09951 domain_users 29M Jan 18 15:30 sq_15w.tar.xz
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14 · Other tools Compressing files · 14.2
I Measure decompression times, and RAM usage.
1 $ time gunzip <sq_15w.tar.gz >/dev/null
2 took 0.33s, used 4768kB
3 $ time bunzip2 <sq_15w.tar.bz2 >/dev/null
4 took 4.46s, used 16224kB
5 $ time unxz <sq_15w.tar.xz >/dev/null
6 took 1.35s, used 36608kB
I Summary
tool compression decompression ratio
gzip 2.12s 4MB 0.33s 5MB 95.0%bzip2 12.55s 28MB 4.46s 16MB 92.5%xz 21.38s 385MB 1.35s 37MB 72.5%
Note This survey is incomplete, inaccurate, and biased!
I Why?
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14 · Other tools Compressing files · 14.2
I Different kinds of data allow for different compression ratios:• Plain text can be compressed very well, whereas• compressed data (movies, pictures) may even grow in size.
I For a proper survey, different sizes and kinds of data, and use casesmust be considered.
Example The sources for these lecture slides...
I ...including all the embedded images...
1 -r-------- 1 sk users 2.6M Jan 18 16:35 lect.tar
2 -rw------- 1 sk users 1.9M lect.tar.bz2 # 1.61s, 7348kB3 -rw------- 1 sk users 1.9M lect.tar.gz # 0.18s, 788kB4 -rw------- 1 sk users 1.8M lect.tar.xz # 1.33s, 42256kB
I ...and the plaintext sources alone.
1 -r-------- 1 sk users 350K Jan 18 16:36 lect-noimg.tar
2 -rw------- 1 sk users 75K lect-noimg.tar.bz2 # 0.06s, 4248kB3 -rw------- 1 sk users 91K lect-noimg.tar.gz # 0.02s, 792kB4 -rw------- 1 sk users 77K lect-noimg.tar.xz # 0.25s, 21356kB
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14 · Other tools The rsync tool · 14.3
14.3 The rsync tool
I Recall the tar pipeline? cf. page 228
1 $ tar -C ~/studium/ -c sq_w13 | ssh titan07 tar -C studium/ -x
I What if most files already exist at the destination,
I or only some of them need update?
I How to resume the tar pipeline if it was interrupted? (Not possible)
Solution
I rsync(1) provides an optimised algorithm that only transfers themissing/updated files to the destination.
I Works locally, or via any transparent remote shell (e.g., ssh).• Modern rsync defaults to using ssh.
Note rsync must be installed on the remote machine as well.
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14 · Other tools The rsync tool · 14.3
rsync [-a] [-v] source... dest z Copy sources to destination. With -a
use archive mode. With -v be more verbose.
I Either source, or dest may indicate a remote location:
path z Usual local path, if there is no colon : before the first slash /.
[[user@]host:]path z Remote location (a relative path is relative to theremote user’s $HOME).
I A trailing slash / on the source directory will copy its contents, insteadof the directory itself.
I In archive mode (-a), rsync recurses into directories, and tries to keepsymlinks (not hard links), permissions, file ownership, timestamps, etc.
I You can easily use rsync to build incremental backups, see the--link-dest option.
cf. rsync(1), as usual
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14 · Other tools The rsync tool · 14.3
Example
I For the initial copy, all data has to be transferred:1 $ rsync -av lect titan07: # cool: SSH figures out host and user name!2 sending incremental file list
3 lect/
4 lect/README
5 lect/advert-qm.tex
6 # ... list of all files being transferred...7
8 sent 9,027,975 bytes received 6,995 bytes 286,824.44 bytes/sec
9 total size is 9,004,586 speedup is 1.00
I After some editing and recompilation of the slides:
1 $ rsync -av lect titan07:
2 sending incremental file list
3 lect/
4 lect/other-tools.tex
5 lect/slides.pdf
6 # ... fewer files being transferred...7
8 sent 72,233 bytes received 3,430 bytes 50,442.00 bytes/sec
9 total size is 9,008,764 speedup is 119.06
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14 · Other tools Finding files · 14.4
14.4 Finding files
find [option...] [path...] [expression] z Search the paths (or currentdirectory) for files satisfying the expression.
locate [option...] pattern... z Find files matching any of the patterns.
I find(1) crawls the paths in file system.• For each file encountered, the expression is evaluated.
I locate(1) uses a database covering the whole system instead.• This is much faster!• The database must be updated regularly by the admin, cf. updatedb(8).• It will not find files added since the last update.• Modern versions will only list files you have permission to see.
Comparison find is much slower than locate, but provides more up todate information, and offers more control using an expressive syntax.⇒ We focus on find.
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14 · Other tools Finding files · 14.4
Simple expressions
-name pat z The file’s name matches the globbing pattern (cf. page 89).
-type t z File is of the following type:
f z regular file,d z directory,l z symbolic link.
-user name z File is owned by user name.
-size n z File size is n. A prefix of + finds greater files, - finds smallerfiles. Note: n is in 512B blocks, unless a suffix (k = 210B, M = 220B,G = 230B) is used.
Example
1 $ find studium -size +10k
2 studium/inf3_w13/pub/pk_assignment02/texts/mark-twain.txt
3 studium/inf3_w13/pub/pk_lecture01.pdf
4 studium/inf3_w13/pub/.svn/pristine/f3/f379b24c7192a6f8da9f2f3acf779# ...5 studium/inf3_w13/pub/.svn/pristine/bf/bf55e06ef0379b33e8aaa59ccd99e# ...
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14 · Other tools Finding files · 14.4
Combining expressions
I Expressions are evaluated following operator precedence, from left toright:
Operators, listed in order of decreasing precedence:
\( expr \) z For grouping of expressions.
\! expr z “Not”, i.e., the outcome of expr is inverted.
expr1 expr2 z “And”, expr2 is evaluated only if expr1 is true.
expr1 -o expr2 z “Or”, expr2 is not evaluated if expr1 is true.
Example
1 $ find studium/sq_w13 -size +10k \! -name '*pdf'2 studium/sq_w13/pub/putty.zip
3 studium/sq_w13/pub/winscp.zip
4 studium/sq_w13/pub/.svn/wc.db
5 studium/sq_w13/pub/.svn/pristine/c1/c1ed62f0c0f7740aecb9dc88228# ...6 studium/sq_w13/pub/.svn/pristine/0f/0f4bb1c42aa86f0168a212cccc6# ...7 studium/sq_w13/pub/.svn/pristine/ac/ace54b9a541863e9d48a3e4f84f# ...
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14 · Other tools Finding files · 14.4
Actions
I Actions are expressions that perform an operation on a file.
-prune z If file is a directory, do not descend into it (but list it). Evaluatesto true.
-print z Print the file’s name, and a newline. Evaluates to true.Note Filenames might contain newlines! cf. -print0
-delete z Remove the file. Evaluates to success of deletion.
Example
1 $ find studium/sq_w13 -name .svn -prune -type f -o -size +10k \! -name \*pdf
2 studium/sq_w13/pub/putty.zip
3 studium/sq_w13/pub/winscp.zip
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14 · Other tools Finding files · 14.4
Running commands
I Some actions may run commands.
-exec command [arg...] \; z Run command with the given arguments.Evaluates to success of command.The string {} in an argument is replaced with the filename.
Note There are security risks when operating on unknown file systems!
I See the info manual55 for a discussion.
I Consider using -execdir instead of -exec, which rus in the file’sdirectory.
I Make sure $PATH contains no relative directories.
55$ info 'finding files' 'Security Considerations'Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 243
15 · Text Encoding What is plain text? · 15.1
15.1 What is plain text?
Various definitions exist, and the notion of plain text is changing in thecourse of history...
Plain text is a linear sequence of characters, independent of font, style,layout, coloring, ... — myself, 2013
Some weak points about thisdefinition:
I What are characters?
I Are paragraphs layout?
I Is the banana plain text?
1 //\ From: Shimrod <[email protected]>
2 V \ Newsgroups: alt.ascii-art
3 \ \_ Date: Mon, 25 Aug 1997 16:53:13 +0200
4 \,’.‘-.
5 |\ ‘. ‘.
6 ( \ ‘. ‘-. _,.-:\
7 \ \ ‘. ‘-._ __..--’ ,-’;/
8 \ ‘. ‘-. ‘-..___..---’ _.--’ ,’/
9 ‘. ‘. ‘-._ __..--’ ,’ /
10 ‘. ‘-_ ‘‘--..’’ _.-’ ,’
11 ‘-_ ‘-.___ __,--’ ,’
12 ‘-.__ ‘----""" __.-’
13 hh ‘--..____..--’
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15 · Text Encoding The old days: 7-bit ASCII · 15.2
15.2 The old days: 7-bit ASCII
I Memory is physically made up of bits.
I More efficient to handle chunks (aka. bytes) of bits. Let’s say 7.This is a tradeoff between cost of memory/transmission, and expressiveness!
I 7 bits can represent 27 = 128 values.
I Associate a character with each of these values.
⇒ American Standard Code for Information Interchange — ASCII56
There’s a man page as well: ascii(7)
I First 32 bytes (0..1F) represent various control characters (new line,carriage return, ...). Byte 7F (i.e., the last one) is Delete.
I The remaining 95 bytes represent digits 0..9, characters a..z, A..Z, andbasic punctuation.
56Some nice history reading at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCIIStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 246
15 · Text Encoding The old days: 7-bit ASCII · 15.2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
00 NUL SOH STX ETX EOT ENQ ACK BEL BS HT LF VT FF CR SO SI
10 DLE DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 NAK SYN ETB CAN EM SUB ESC FS GS RS US
20 ! " # $ % & ‘ ( ) * + , - . /
30 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ?
40 @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O
50 P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _
60 ‘ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o
70 p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~ DEL
Sum up the row and column headers to find the hex code of a byte, e.g., m is at 6D.
Problems with 7-bit ASCII
I No characters for non-american languages: L, a, e, ε, ...
I No support for symbols: N, ⇒, ∂, 6=, ∈, ...
I Inconsistent convention to denote end-of-line: Still inconsistent today!
LF Unix/Linux traditionally uses line feed,CR some versions of Mac OS use carriage return,
CR+LF Microsoft Windows even needs two bytes to denote EOL.
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15 · Text Encoding Extended ASCII · 15.3
15.3 Extended ASCII
I Most computers used an 8th bit for parity checking.
I 8 bits can represent 28 = 256 different bytes.⇒ Use the 8th bit to distinguish bytes, extending the character set.
I ASCII-compatible extensions only redefine the “upper” bytes 80..FF.I Unfortunately various different extensions appeared.
• The word code page (coined by IBM) refers to different mappings of thebyte values to characters.
• Popular in Western Europe: Code page 28591, aka. ISO Latin-1, aka.ISO 8859-1.
• Code page 437 contains box-drawing characters.
Problems
I Many different, competing, incompatible mappings.
I By looking at a sequence of bytes, it is difficult to determine whatcharacter set is being used.
I Working on multilingual text requires handling of different code pages.
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15 · Text Encoding Today: Unicode · 15.4
15.4 Today: Unicode
I Initially57 (1988) designed as a 16 bit encoding, allowing for 65 536different values (aka. code points in Unicode parlance).
I Today, Unicode offers 1 114 112 code points (range U+0..U+10FFFF)• Notation: Unicode code point n is referred to as U+nhex
• Not all of the code points are being used (yet).• The codespace is organised in 17 planes of 216 characters each.• The basic multilingual plane, range U+0..U+FFFF, contains the most
important characters for everyday use.
I The Unicode Standard58 also defines:• How to store Unicode text: Text encoding, cf. next slides.• Character properties (is it a whitespace, digit, diacritic, ...?)• How to handle characters like the German umlauts:
As character ‘a’ (U+E4), or as composition of basic ‘a’ (U+61) with diaeresis ‘¨’ (U+308).
• ...
57Joe Becker. Unicode 88. http://www.unicode.org/history/unicode88.pdf58The Unicode Consortium. http://www.unicode.org/Stefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 249
15 · Text Encoding Today: Unicode · 15.4
Encoding Unicode Text
How can one serialize a sequence of Unicode code points into a stream ofbytes?
I This process is called text encoding.I There is a variety of encodings, each with its own (dis)advantages.
• UTF-8, the most commonly used one in the western world.• UTF-16, UTF-32, and variations of these.• UCS-1, UCS-2, and UCS-4 are outdated names of similar encodings.• Punycode (used for domain names with umlauts).
I We will only cover UTF-32 and UTF-8.
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15 · Text Encoding The UTF-32 encoding · 15.5
15.5 The UTF-32 encoding
This fixed width encoding uses 4 bytes for each Unicode code point.
� Easy to find the nth code point in a text: At byte position 4 · n.Unfotunately, this is not necessarily the nth character. Think of combining characters.
� Main usage is for processing (internal to programs), not for storage.
! At least 11 bits unused per code point (Unicode only uses 21).Space blowup, 4-times for ASCII data, 2-times for most other cases.
! Not self-synchronizing, i.e., looking at somewhere in the stream ofbytes, it is not possible to tell whether this is the start of a code point!
! Byte ordering (aka. endianness59) becomes relevant.A byte-order-mark (BOM) stored at the beginning of a text file is necessary.
glyph A λ ⇒ BOM
ASCII 41 - - -code point U+41 U+3BB U+21D2 U+FEFF
UTF-32 BE60 00 00 00 41 00 00 03 BB 00 00 21 D2 00 00 FE FF
UTF-32 LE 41 00 00 00 BB 03 00 00 D2 21 00 00 FF FE 00 00
59cf. Jonathan Swift. Gulliver’s Travels. (Dispute about at which end to open an egg)60BE = big endian, most significant byte first / LE = little endianStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 251
15 · Text Encoding The UTF-8 encoding · 15.6
15.6 The UTF-8 encoding
This variable width encoding uses 1..4 bytes for each code point.
� ASCII-compatible: Plain ASCII data looks the same when encoded asUTF-8 (unless a BOM is added).
� Lexicographic sorting yields the same order for strings of code points,and the UTF-8 encoded strings of bytes.
� UTF-8 is likely to be detected correctly, i.e., arbitrary data is unlikelyto form correct UTF-8.
� UTF-8 is self-synchronizing.
� Space efficient for most European languages.
� No BOM required. BOM is discouraged in the UTF-8 definition, as itspresence destroys some nice properties (think about #!).
! Some software refuses to work correctly without BOM.
# Potential space blowup when encoding mainly Asian text, but stillefficient when encoding HTML, which contains a lot of non-Asian code.
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15 · Text Encoding The UTF-8 encoding · 15.6
So how does UTF-8 work?
I Charactes in the ASCII-range U+0..U+7F are encoded as themselves.• Each valid ASCII text also represents the same text when read as UTF-8.• Only the 7 lower bits are required for each of the ASCII characters, so the
first bit is always 0.I Larger code points are represented by multi-byte sequences.
• All their bytes start with 1.• Exactly the leading byte in a sequence starts with 11,• while the followup bytes all start with 10.• The number of 1s at the beginnig of the leading byte indicates the length of
the byte sequence.
range byte 1 byte 2 byte 3 byte 4 bits
U+0..U+7F 0 7U+80..U+7FF 110 10 11U+800..U+FFFF 1110 10 10 16U+10000..U+1FFFFF 11110 10 10 10 21
I It would be possible to extend this scheme to even longer byte sequences,covering an even greater range of code points.
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15 · Text Encoding The UTF-8 encoding · 15.6
Examples
glyph L π ⇒ASCII 4C - -
code point U+4C U+3C0 U+21D2
code point binary 1001100 11 11000000 100001 11010010
UTF-8 binary 01001100 11001111 10000000 11100010 10000111 10010010
UTF-8 bytes 4C CF 80 E2 87 92
glyph BOM
ASCII - -code point U+FEFF U+10083
code point binary 11111110 11111111 1 00000000 10000011
UTF-8 binary 11101111 10111011 10111111 11110000 10010000 10000010 10000011
UTF-8 bytes EF BB BF F0 90 82 83
I An editor expecting Latin-1 will mis-interpret the UTF-8 encoded BOMas the three-character sequence “ı�¿”.
I The Linear B ideograph (horse) uses four bytes in UTF-8, but theleading byte contains only 0-bits as payload.Question: Would 3 bytes be sufficient to encode in UTF-8?
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15.7 General problems with Unicode
I Unicode defines 8 different character sequences61 for end-of-line.• Includes LF, CR, and CR+LF.
I Some characters appear twice with different semantics, e.g., the unit62
of length A (U+212B), and the Swedisch letter A (U+C5).
I Some characters have different representations. E.g., the Germanumlaut a, and most other accented letters:• As single composed character a (U+E4), or• decomposed into character a (U+61) and combining diaeresis ¨ (U+308).
I Character handling is difficult (and has security implications).⇒ Use libraries, don’t do this yourself.
61http://www.unicode.org/standard/reports/tr13/tr13-5.html62angstrom, named after Anders Jonas Angstrom: 1A = 10−10mStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 255
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I Unicode63 blurs the line between representing text and typesetting:• Numbers in the range 1–20 with various decorations:
E.g., encircled U+246C — in parenthesis U+2477 — with a period U+2477.
• Many ligatures, e.g., Latin Small Ligature Fi: U+1F43C.
⇒ This makes it difficult e.g., to search for text.
I Unicode even blurs the line between text and graphics:
Panda Face U+FB01. Chipmunk U+1F43F.Pile Of Poo U+1F4A9. High-heeled shoe U+1F460.Money Bag U+1F4B0. Fax machine U+1F4E0.Man in business suit levitating (right).
Raised hand with part between middle and ring fingers U+1F596.
U+1F574
Note Don’t like Unicode? See the comic strip on page 244.
63all sample renderings taken as SVG from the Unicode websiteStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 256
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15.8 Text encoding in the wild
I Most software will handle text encoding automatically for you.
I You should stick to the EOL-convention native to your system.
I Checklist for data that leaves your box:• Encoding?• BOM?• EOL-convention?
I A good text editor should offer means to handle different encodings, andEOL-conventions.
I Some tools need help in determining where conversion is applicable.
I If a file mentions its own encoding, make sure that’s true.• LATEX: \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}• XML: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>• Python: # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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File System Trouble
1 $ ls -l
2 total 33k
3 -rw------- 1 sk users 20k Aug 12 12:24 bose
4 -rw------- 1 sk users 8.6k Aug 13 11:08 bose
Whassup?
I What is the problem?
I How can we solve it?
I We have actually seen this in 2013, when a Subversion checkout failedon MacOS, but worked well on Linux and Windows machines. Turned outthat some student had committed two such files.
I MacOS assumed both names to refer to the same file, telling Subversionthat the file it wanted to write already exists...
I Files whose names only differ in case cause the same trouble onMacOS. You can switch this off, making software fail which relies on that bug.
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I Failed approach: Cut’n’paste with the mouse in the terminal window doesnot work for at least one of the files. Question: Why?
I Dirty-hack approach: Try to rename one random file, then usetab-completion to rename the other one.
I Enlightening approach: Figure out which bytes are being used:
1 $ ls | file -b --mime - # cf. file(1)2 text/plain; charset=utf-8 # so ls prints its output in UTF-83 $ ls | hexdump -e '16/1 "%02X " "\n"' -e '16/1 "%2_p " "\n"' # cf. hexdump(1)4 62 6F CC 88 73 65 0A 62 C3 B6 73 65 0A # these are the hex values...5 b o . . s e . b . . s e . # ...of those bytes (. unless printable ASCII)
UTF-8 byte sequence 0A CC 88 C3 B6
encodes code point U+0A U+308 U+F6
which is line feed combining diaeresis o
We can address these files from the shell:1 $ ls -l $'b\xC3\xB6se'2 -rw------- 1 sk users 8.6k Aug 13 11:08 bose
3 $ ls -l $'bo\xCC\x88se'4 -rw------- 1 sk users 20k Aug 12 12:24 bose
I When quoting with $'...' one may useC escape sequences.
I Then, \xHH represents the byte with2-digit hex code HH.
I cf. section ANSI C Quoting in thebash manual.
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Subversion
I SVN can adapt files to your OSs native EOL convention.
1 $ svn ps svn:eol-style native solution.lhs
2 property 'svn:eol-style' set on 'solution.lhs'
• Always do this for collaboratively edited plain text files,• never do this for files in a format with a fixed EOL style.
I You may have to tell subversion about the MIME type64, if this is notdetected correctly. Also useful for HTTP access.
1 $ svn ps svn:mime-type application/pdf lecture.pdf
2 property 'svn:mime-type' set on 'lecture.pdf'3 $ svn ps svn:mime-type 'text/plain; charset=us-ascii' file.txt
4 property 'svn:mime-type' set on 'file.txt'
I See the Subversion manual on properties65, and portability of files66.
64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME_type65http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.8/svn.advanced.props.html66http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.8/svn.advanced.props.file-portability.htmlStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 260
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Shell scripting
I A shell script is identified by the shebang #! character sequence as thefirst two bytes, cf. page 155.
I This is not compatible with the presence of a BOM.
I Use an encoding (like UTF-8) that does not require a BOM.Windows users: Tell your editor not to store a BOM on such files.
I In principle, all plain text formats with a magic number as first bytessuffer this limitation.
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LATEX
I The package inputenc supports quite a bunch of encodings.
I Only few Unicode characters are supported by default.
I See the manual67 for more information.
Bose Uberraschung?a o u, A O U, ß
1 \documentclass{article}2 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Note
3 \begin{document}4 Bose Uberraschung?\\
5 a o u, A O U, ß
6 \end{document}
67http://www.tug.org/texmf-dist/doc/latex/base/inputenc.pdfStefan Klinger · DBIS Key Competence in Computer Science · Winter 2015 262
http://www.gnu.org/graphics/meditate.htmlImage ©2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Available under GNU GPL and GNU FDL
I The End
