Kingdom Animalia

Evolutionary tree of major animal phyla:

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Study figure from textbook.Also, study table 22-1

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Kingdom Animalia

Evolution of the coelom (body cavity):

Kingdom Animalia – Phylum Annelida

Phylum Annelida – segmented worms (~12,000 species) - general characteristics:

Bilaterally symmetrical, segmented worms

Digestive tract complete, usually with regional specializaiton

Closed circulatory system

Nervous system well developed

Marine, terrestrial, and freshwater species exist

Include earthworms, marine polychaetes, and leaches

Kingdom Animalia – Phylum Annelida

Generally speaking, annelids are a verydiverse group, particularly the marinepolychaetes which may have highly developed appendages.

Kingdom Animalia – Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda – Insects, spiders, crustaceans, etc. (>1,000,000 species – maybeup to 10,000,000??) General characteristics:

Body segmented, both internally and externally

Most groups have a strong tendency toward regional body specialization

Cuticle made up of chitin makes up a well developed exoskeleton. In somegroups, the chitinous cuticle is calcified

Most have very efficient and well developed gas exchange, circulatory,sensory, and nervous systems.

Kingdom Animalia –Arthropod Growth

Kingdom Animalia – Arthropod Diversity

Insects: The most common of all groups in the animal kingdom, insects havethree pairs of legs, and typically two pairs of wings.

Arachnids: include spiders, ticks, mites, and scorpions. Have four pairs of legs,most carnivorous, they feed on blood or a liquid diet of predigested prey.They paralyze prey using their sting, then inject them with digestive juices.

Crustaceans: include crabs, lobsters, shrimp, and barnacles. This is a very diversegroup of mostly marine organisms.

Kingdom Animalia – Insect Diversity

Kingdom Animalia – Arachnid Diversity

Kingdom Animalia – Crustacean Diversity