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TYPES OF VEGETABLE GARDENS
1.HOME OR KITCHEN GARDEN:
2.MARKET GARDEN:
3.TRUCK GARDEN:
4.VEGETABLE GARDEN FOR PROCESSING:
5.VEGETABLE FORCING:
6.VEGETABLES FOR SEED PRODUCTION:
7.FLOATING GARDENS:
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1.HOME OR KITCHEN GARDEN
The main purpose of a kitchen garden
is to provide for the family, daily with
fresh vegetables rich in nutrients and energy.
There will be continuous supply of
vegetables throughout the year
and for each of the season .
The vegetables are grown according to
the taste of the family members.
The size of the garden depends on
the size of the family and
on the availability of land.
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ADVANTAGES OF A KITCHEN GARDEN ARE
1.It is a best means of recreation and exercise to family members.
2.An excellent hobby and healthy occupation for the young and
old during their leisure time.
3.Outs down the expenditure on purchase of vegetables.
4.An ideal medium for training children in duty and order.
5.Vegetables grown in one's own home with one's own labour
have special appeal to his or her palate and the dividends
paid by these in the form of pleasure and satisfaction or priceless.
6.Vegetables grown in kitchen garden are fresh and
are free from market infection.
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DIMENSIONS
37.5 X28.0 M
AREA
1050 Sq. m
f
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Points to the con s idered for rais ing crop s
in a kitchen garden:
1.The perennial plants should located on north side of the garden
so that they may not shade other crops and compete for nutrients
with annual crops. Once the perennial crops are established,they will supply vegetables regularly without any additional cost
and also with less care.
2.Around the boarder. on the fence, reapers can be raised
i.e. lab ,cucurbits etc.
3.The land should not kept vacant. A continuous pattern
in the form of successive or companion cropping is to be followed
4.Root crops can be raised on ridges.
5.One side of footpath a single staked tomato and on the other sideleafy vegetables may be planted.
6.A proper rotation of crops is to be followed i.e. deep rooted followed by
shallow rooted crops, a leguminous crop followed a non-legume etc.
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CROPPING PATTERN
It is always better to make a plan before planting. The location of plots,
crops to be grown, season of sowing variation of crops to be used and
succession of planting is to produce crops which ensure continuous supply
of fresh vegetables and to avoid glut of any one crop or season.
GROWING PERIOD : NAME OF THE CROP :
plot-1:
may-oct Brinjal (round)
nov-feb cauliflower
mar-April coriander
plot-2 :
aug-dec Brinjal (long) with Palak as intercrop
jan-april lady's finger
may-July cluster bean
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plot-3
Sept-March chillies
April-August ladys finger
Plot-4:
Oct-Jan Potato
Feb.-may Cowpea
June-august Menthi
Plot-5:
June September Lady's finger
oct-january Cabbage
feb-may Onion
Plot-6:
May-august Tomato
sept-December Cauliflower (early)
jan-may Onion
GROWING PERIOD: NAME OF THE CROP:
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GROWING PERIOD: NAME OF THE CROP:
jun-may Onion
dec-may Tomato
Plot-7:
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On Ridges:
Colocasia-beetroot
Radish-carrot
Elephant foot yam-Khol-Khol
Crops along the fence:
Rainy Season:Bottle gourd,Pumpkin,lab lab,bitter gourd
Summer Season:Ridge gourd,Bottle gourd
Crops on the pandal: Sanke gourd,Cocoinia
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2.Market gardenGenerally these gardens are
larger in size which produce vegetables
for commercial purpose nearer to
local market.Most of the market gardens are
located with in a radius of 15 to 20 km
of a town or city.
The cropping pattern of those
gardens will depend on the demand of
local market.There cost of land is high and
intensive methods of cultivation
are adopted.
A market gardener has to grow
varieties to catch the early market
so that he go to better price.He can utilize organic manures
like municipal compost which are available
at cheaper rate.
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3.Truck garden:
This is the type of garden which produces special crops
in which in which relatively large quantities for distinct market.More extensive area is taken for gardening and
the method of cultivation is less intensive compared to
market garden.
The location of this type of garden is determined by
the soil and climate factors suitable for raising a particular type
of crops. Very few crops lie. one or two crops only are grown.
E.g.: In summer season, tomato is grown in madanapally
area of chittor district and they are marketed in bangalore, tirupati,
vellore etc.
Cabbage, Cauliflower potato raised in summer at
Nilagiri hills are sold in madras and bangalore etc.The produce are generally sold through the
middlemen. The cost of land and labour are comparatively cheaper.
Hence the cost of production is less and usually the net returns
are also less as larger amounts are incurred on transport
and commission to middlemen.
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4.Vegetable garden for processing
This is the type of garden which comes up around vegetableprocessing factories. These gardens are responsible for regular
supply of vegetables to the factories.
Due to lack of processing industries, this type of gardens are
not well developed in India. Few existing factories purchasefrom local market and the products produced from them are
not up to the standard.
These gardens specialize in growing only few vegetables
in bulk which are suitable for processing like canning ,dehydration,
paste making or freezing .
The prices are paid on contract basis on weight and
quality of the product.
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5.Vegetable forcing:
This type of garden is concerned with the production of
vegetables out of their normal season. vegetables like tomato,
cucumber etc. can't be grown in winter in temperature regions.Therefore these vegetables are grown under special structures
like glass houses in foreign countries.
Asparagus, mushrooms hectare also grown in glass house
or other special structures.
Special varieties are developed for this purposes and
the cost of produce is very high.
In India this type of gardening has not been developed
since we have varied climatic regions where it is possible to
grow in the open all types of vegetables in one region or other.
The cost of production of vegetables in special structures
will be high.
Thus they get crop earlier and fetch higher price in the market.
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6.Vegetables for seed production
Good seed is essential for successful growing of any crop.
Seed production is rather a specialized operation.
Soil climate and disease free conditions are factors
influencing the location of seed producing areas .
A knowledge of the crop , its growth habit and mode ofpollination are essential .
A proper isolation distance have to be maintained for each crop.
The grower should also know the method of rouging , threshing ,
cleaning ,grading, packing and storing .
Generally the growth, flowering and fruit development
should be during rainy or humid season and harvesting
in dry period .
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There are different kinds of seed production:
1.Nucleus or breeder seed
It is the initial seed which is produced by the
organization which releases a variety.
Seed is 100% pure.
2.Foundation seed
It is seed multiplied from the nucleus seed in the
Government farms or of NSC farms.
The 3rd and 4th stages of multiplication are
registered and certified seed respectively which
are multiplied by grocers.
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7.Floating gardens:
This is a special type of garden which
is seen on the dal lake of the Kashmir valley.The water in the lake is stagnant.
A floating base is made from the roots
of Typha grass which grows wild in the lake.
Seedlings are transplanted in summer
on leaf compost made from weeds in the lake.
All operations are done i.e. weeding,
sprinkling of water and harvesting using boats.
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Prepared by :R.V.Sagar Kumar Reddy
C. Ravindra Reddy