KLEAR Textbook

Korean 1

Han’gŭl 1

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Korean 1 is

• With heavy focus on communication skills.

• Based on learner-centered language learning: Students' participation plays a key role of learning.

• Learning Korean as a foreign language: It's important to get enough input.

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Where is

Korea?

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한국 ( 韓國 ) Hanguk

Chinese characters

韩国 Hánguó

かん こく

韓国 Kankoku

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한글 Han’gŭl• Korean alphabet Hangŭl. Like Roman

alphabet, the letters of the Hangŭl alphabet represent individual sounds.

ex) ㅎ h ㅏ a

• Even though Hangŭl is a phonemic writing, its letters are uniquely composed in a syllable unit.

ex) ㅎ ㅏ ㄴ -> 한 h a n -> han

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• The separation of spoken language and written language

Before Hangeul is invented, Korean people had to use Chinese letters for enjoying literal life. But it was very hard to dictate our language with Chinese characters because they were made based on Chinese language that was totally different from Korean language. Therefore, this led to the separation of spoken language and written language.

• Hangeul for ordinary people

In 1446, King Sejong invented Hangeul to contribute to a better life for the sake of ordinary people. Sejong correctly predicted that the ruling class would dislike and resisted new letters, so that he progressed it very secretly.

Han’gŭl Invention

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Heaven Earth Human being

3 Basic components

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ㅏ ㅓ ㅣ ㅗ ㅜ ㅡ a ŏ i o u ŭ

ㅐ ㅔ ae e

Simple vowels

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Simple vowels

ㅏ ㅓ ㅗ ㅜ ㅐ ㅔDiphthongs with [y]

ㅑ ㅕ ㅛ ㅠ ㅒ ㅖ

Diphthongs with /y/

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ㅗ + ㅏ = 와ㅗ + ㅐ = 왜ㅗ + ㅣ = 외ㅜ + ㅓ = 워ㅜ + ㅣ = 위ㅜ + ㅔ = 웨ㅡ + ㅣ = 의

‘why’

‘outside’(Sino-Korean)

loan words (e.g., 웨이터 , 하이웨이 )

Bright vowel combination

Dark vowel combination

Diphthongs with /w/

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ㅡ + ㅣ = 의

Other diphthong

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Lip sound /m/

Tongue tip/n/

Tooth (hissing sound) /s/

Tongue back /k, g/

Throat /ng/

5 Basic consonants by shape

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Tongue tip /n/

ㄴ ㄷ

ㄹ

/n/ /t,d/ /r/l/

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Lip sound /m/

ㅁ ㅂ

/m/ /p,b/

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Tooth /s/

ㅅ ㅈ

/s/ /ch,j/

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Tongue back /k, g/

ㄱ ㅋ

/k, g/

ㄲ

/k’/

/kk/

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Tongue tip /n/

ㄴ ㄷ

ㅌ

/n/

ㄸ

/t,d/ /t’/

/tt/

ㄹ

/r/l/

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Tooth /s/

ㅅ ㅈ

ㅊ

/s/

ㅉ

/ch,j/ /ch’/

/tch/

ㅆ

/ss/

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Lip sound /m/

ㅁ ㅂ

ㅍ

/m/

ㅃ

/p,b/ /p’/

/pp/

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Throat /ng/

ㅇ ㅎ

/ng/ /h/

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안녕하세요 ?‘Hello.’

반갑습니다 .

‘Nice to meet

you.’

Greeting

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Teacher: 안녕히 가세요 !

‘Good-bye’

Students: 안녕히 계세요 !

‘Good-bye’

Greeting