KMRP Chapter 1documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/5360414687707017… · Web view2016-07-17 · The results and findings of the socio-economic and willingness to pay surveys are

KARNATAKA URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND FINANCE CORPORATION

Silver Jubilee Block, 2nd Floor, Unity Building Annexe,3rd Cross, Mission Road, Bangalore - 560 027

KARNATAKA MUNICIPAL REFORMS PROJECT(KMRP)

Social and Environmental Assessment and Management Framework

(Part 1, Part 2 (Section A & Section B) and Part 3)

Final ReportJune 2004

Samaj Vikas Development Support Organisation307, Sri Laxmi Plaza, Jafar Ali Bagh, Somajiguda, Hyderabad - 500082

[email protected]

E1075v. 3

Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance CorporationKarnataka Municipal Reforms Project – Profile of ULBs

PREFACE

The Social and Environmental Management Framework is prepared by KUIDFC with support from Samaj Vikas Development Support Organization.

The preparation team in KUIDFC was headed by Mr. Ashok Jain, Project Manager (KMRP). The team members included Mr. Ram Kumar, Assistant General Manager (Environment and Solid Waste Management), Mr. Bathan Lal Sharma, Advisor (Urban Planning), Ms. Shambhavi Kamat, Manager (Environment) and Mr. Joseph, Manager (Social communications).

KUIDFC was assisted by a support team from Samaj Vikas. This support team was led by Mr. B.K.D. Raja. The team included Mr. Pannirselvam, Environmental Specialist, Mr. Narayan Bhat, Institutional and Communications Specialist, Mr. Seetharamaiah, Urban Infrastructure Specialist and Mr. Md.M. Shakeel, Research Database Expert and Dr. S. Srinivas, Field Research Expert.

Dr. K.P. Krishnan, IASManaging Director, KUIDFC

June 2004

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mailto:[email protected]


PART A

SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE OF ULBsTABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................iv

1 Executive Summary......................................................................................1-1

1.1 Project Introduction........................................................................................1-1

1.2 About The Study.............................................................................................1-1

1.3 Institutional Background.................................................................................1-1

1.4 Laws and regulations......................................................................................1-2

1.5 Major Issues and Proposals.............................................................................1-2

1.6 Likely Sub-Projects Under KMRP.................................................................1-3

1.7 Potential Impacts.............................................................................................1-31.7.1 Positive Impacts..........................................................................................1-31.7.2 Negative Impacts........................................................................................1-4A. Social Impacts.................................................................................................1-4B. Environmental Impacts...................................................................................1-4

1.8 Mitigation Measures.......................................................................................1-51.8.1 Social Mitigation.........................................................................................1-51.8.2 Environmental.............................................................................................1-5

1.9 Capacity Building...........................................................................................1-61.9.1 Communicating...........................................................................................1-61.9.2 Involvement of Women and Other Vulnerables.........................................1-6

2 General Description of Urban Sector..........................................................2-7

2.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................2-7

2.2 Urban Institutional Framework in Karnataka.................................................2-72.2.1 Directorate of Municipal Administration....................................................2-82.2.2 Department of Town Planning (DTP)........................................................2-82.2.3 Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board (KUWS&DB)...........2-82.2.4 Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC)...................................................................................................................2-9

2.3 Social and Environment Related Institutions..................................................2-92.3.1 Government of India (GoI) Institutions......................................................2-92.3.2 Government of Karnataka (GoK) Institutions..........................................2-10

3 Laws and regulations related to Social and Environment......................3-12

3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................3-12

3.2 Operational Policies and Directives of The World Bank..............................3-12

3.3 Policy and Regulatory Framework of GoI....................................................3-12

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3.4 Approvals / Clearances Required..................................................................3-13

3.5 Environmental Policy and Regulations of GoK............................................3-13

3.6 Planning and Management of ULBs.............................................................3-13

3.7 74th Constitutional Amendment....................................................................3-14

4 Proposed Project.........................................................................................4-15

4.1 Project background.......................................................................................4-15

4.2 Project Components......................................................................................4-15A. Institutional Development & TA Component...............................................4-15B. Investment Support Component...................................................................4-15C. Bangalore Development Component............................................................4-16D. Incremental Operating Costs to KUIDFC.....................................................4-16

4.3 Project Activities...........................................................................................4-16

4.4 Objectives of Assignment.............................................................................4-17

4.5 Methodology.................................................................................................4-17

5 Social and Environmental Impacts...........................................................5-19

5.1 Prediction of Impacts....................................................................................5-19

5.2 Social Impacts...............................................................................................5-19

5.3 Environmental Impacts.................................................................................5-205.3.1 Impacts on Topography............................................................................5-205.3.2 Impacts on Climate...................................................................................5-205.3.3 Impact on Surface Water..........................................................................5-205.3.4 Impact on Ground Water..........................................................................5-215.3.5 Impacts on Air Quality.............................................................................5-215.3.6 Impact on Noise Levels............................................................................5-225.3.7 Impact on soils..........................................................................................5-225.3.8 Impact on Ecological Resources...............................................................5-225.3.9 Impact on cultural resources.....................................................................5-235.3.10 Other Issues...............................................................................................5-23

5.4 Water and Soil Testing..................................................................................5-24

5.5 Lessons learnt from study for SEMF............................................................5-24

6 Profiles of ULBs..........................................................................................6-28

6.1 Athni.............................................................................................................6-286.1.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-286.1.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-286.1.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-296.1.4 Results of Socio-Economic Survey..........................................................6-296.1.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-316.1.6 Issues specific to the ULB........................................................................6-316.1.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-31

6.2 Bhadravathi...................................................................................................6-336.2.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-33

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6.2.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-346.2.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-346.2.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-356.2.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-366.2.6 Issues specific to the ULB........................................................................6-366.2.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-37

6.3 Chickaballapur..............................................................................................6-386.3.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-386.3.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-386.3.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-386.3.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-396.3.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-416.3.6 Issues specific to the ULB........................................................................6-416.3.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-41

6.4 Chikkamagalur..............................................................................................6-426.4.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-426.4.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-426.4.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-436.4.4 Results of Socio-Economic Surveys.........................................................6-446.4.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-456.4.6 Issues specific to the ULB........................................................................6-466.4.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-46

6.5 Chintamani....................................................................................................6-476.5.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-476.5.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-476.5.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-486.5.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-486.5.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-506.5.6 Issues Specific to ULB.............................................................................6-506.5.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-51

6.6 Chitradurga...................................................................................................6-526.6.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-526.6.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-526.6.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-536.6.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-546.6.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-556.6.6 Issues Specific to ULB.............................................................................6-566.6.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-56

6.7 Chittapur.......................................................................................................6-576.7.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-576.7.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-576.7.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-586.7.4 Results of Socio-economic Surveys..........................................................6-586.7.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-606.7.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs....................................6-606.7.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-60

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6.8 Dodballapur..................................................................................................6-626.8.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-626.8.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-626.8.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-626.8.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-636.8.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-656.8.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs....................................6-656.8.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-65

6.9 Hassan...........................................................................................................6-666.9.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-666.9.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-676.9.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-676.9.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-686.9.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-706.9.6 Issues Specific to the ULB........................................................................6-706.9.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-70

6.10 Kolar.............................................................................................................6-726.10.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-726.10.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-726.10.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-736.10.4 Results of Socio-economic Surveys..........................................................6-746.10.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-756.10.6 Issues Specific to the ULB........................................................................6-756.10.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-75

6.11 Madikeri........................................................................................................6-776.11.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-776.11.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-776.11.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-786.11.4 Results of Socio-economic Surveys..........................................................6-786.11.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-806.11.6 Issues Specific to the ULB........................................................................6-806.11.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-80

6.12 Robertsonpet.................................................................................................6-816.12.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-816.12.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-816.12.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-826.12.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-826.12.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-846.12.6 Issues Specific to the ULB........................................................................6-846.12.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-84

6.13 Savanoor.......................................................................................................6-856.13.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-856.13.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-856.13.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-866.13.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-866.13.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-886.13.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs....................................6-88

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6.13.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-88

6.14 Sakleshpur.....................................................................................................6-906.14.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-906.14.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-906.14.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-916.14.4 Results of Socio-economic Surveys..........................................................6-916.14.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-936.14.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs....................................6-936.14.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-93

6.15 Shimoga........................................................................................................6-956.15.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-956.15.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-956.15.3 Utilities......................................................................................................6-966.15.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey...........................................................6-966.15.5 Wish List of Projects.................................................................................6-986.15.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs....................................6-986.15.7 Assessment of Impacts..............................................................................6-98

6.16 Shringeri........................................................................................................6-996.16.1 Introduction...............................................................................................6-996.16.2 Environmental Profile...............................................................................6-996.16.3 Utilities....................................................................................................6-1006.16.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey.........................................................6-1006.16.5 Wish List of Projects...............................................................................6-1026.16.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs..................................6-1026.16.7 Assessment of Impacts............................................................................6-102

6.17 Tiptur..........................................................................................................6-1036.17.1 Introduction.............................................................................................6-1036.17.2 Environmental Profile.............................................................................6-1036.17.3 Utilities....................................................................................................6-1046.17.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey.........................................................6-1046.17.5 Wish List of Projects...............................................................................6-1066.17.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs..................................6-1066.17.7 Assessment of Impacts............................................................................6-106

7 Water and Soil Testing Results................................................................7-108

7.1 Water Testing Results.................................................................................7-108

7.2 Soil Testing Results....................................................................................7-112

7.3 Dodballapur...........................................................................................7-113

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

ADB Asian Development BankBMP Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (Bangalore City Corporation)CAP Community Awareness and ParticipationCIP Capital Investment PlanDMA Department of Municipal AdministrationDPR Detailed Project ReportDTP Department of Town PlanningEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEMP Environmental Management PlanGoK Government of KarnatakaHR Human Resources HUDCO Housing and Urban Development CorporationKMRP Karnataka Municipal Reform ProjectKUIDFC Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance CorporationGUIS General Urban Infrastructure SupportPDAF Project Development Assistance FacilityPHIS Public Health Infrastructure SupportPIU Project Implementation UnitR & R Resettlement and RehabilitationRAP Resettlement Action PlanSA Social AssessmentSEMF Social and Environmental Management FrameworkSEMU Social and Environmental Management UnitSFC State Finance CorporationSMP Social Management PlanTA Technical AssistanceTNA Training Needs AssessmentTFA Training Feedback AssessmentUDD Urban Development DepartmentWB World Bank

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1 Executive Summary

1.1 Project IntroductionIn terms of urbanization, Karnataka is the fourth largest in India. This status puts a lot pressure on the GoK and ULBs in terms of providing urban services. As part of its initiatives to meet the huge unmet demand Karnataka Municipal Reforms Project is being prepared by KUIDFC and proposed for funding to the World Bank. This forms part of the initiatives taken by the UDD in implementing urban reforms. KMRP has following four different components.

A. Institutional Development & Technical AssistanceB. Investment Support (General Urban Investment and Public

Health Investment)C. Bangalore Development (Capacity Building and Investment

Support)D. Incremental Operating Costs to KUIDFC

KUIDFC has developed criteria for selection and inclusion of ULBs for funding under KMRP. The first batch of ULBs selected for investments consist of 17 ULBs and Bangalore.

1.2 About The StudyAs a part of this project preparation, a Social and Environmental Assessment was undertaken to identify the social and environmental issues related to the project and develop a framework for mitigation measures. During study one-to-one meetings, Focus Group Discussions and extensive Public Consultations with the stakeholders were held at the ULBs/ state level. This study has produced the following out puts: 1. Combined Sectoral Social and Environmental Assessment (SSEA)2. Combined Social and Environmental Management Framework

(SEMF)3. Capacity Building Plan on Social and Environmental Issues4. Communication and Consultation Strategy

1.3 Institutional BackgroundIn Karnataka, as in other places in India, the urban infrastructure is planned and implemented by a variety of institutions. The UDD is the administrative head of most of these institutions. The institutions which are directly under the administrative control of UDD are: Directorate of Municipal Administration (DMA) Department of Town Planning (DTP) Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board (KUWS&DB)

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Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC)

There other agencies, viz., Bangalore Mahanagara Palike, Bangalore Development Authority, Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board, etc. which mainly focus on Bangalore, which contribute to the urban development.

With regard to Social and Environmental requirements of projects, the following are the focus agencies at Central and State level. Government of India (GoI) Institutions

o Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF)o Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

Government of Karnataka (GoK) Institutionso Department of Ecology, Environment & Forests (DoEEF)o Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB)

1.4 Laws and regulations The following are the laws and regulation that are applicable with regard to social and environmental aspects of sub-projects under KMRP. Operational Policies and Directives of The World Bank Policy and Regulatory Framework of GoI Environmental Policy and Regulations of GoK Planning and Management of ULBs

1.5 Major Issues and ProposalsThe following are the major issues identified during the field work and public consultations. Some of the ULBs suffer from lack of proper and sustainable

water sources for improving the present water supply. The citizens feel that the water sources around the ULB need to be strengthened by way of protecting the catchment area

The citizenry wants rain water harvesting to be made compulsory and that the ULB office and Councilors set an example by having rain water harvesting structures before everybody in the ULB starts construction.

Some ULBs have solid waste management projects underway, while some have land purchased/ acquired for this purpose. In some ULBs, door to door collection of the solid waste is in practice with the involvement of this Residents Welfare Associations, and local NGOs. This experiment can be supported under KMRP.

Most of the ULBs lack Under Ground Sewerage system or have systems that are partially functioning which need improvements and remodeling.

In most of the ULBs, the Storm Water Drainage needs improvements and remodeling.




Citizens and peoples representatives want facilities like slaughter houses with modern waste treatment facilities; and mutton and fish markets outside the ULBs.

Citizens of some ULBs propose public private partnerships in developing commercial civic amenities, where private persons could provide the land and ULB could build the facilities under an agreement

Many of the citizens and elected representatives feel that local organizations like Mahila Mandals and youth clubs should be provided opportunities in the project.

Most of the citizens in the ULBs feel that the presently encroached areas parks, gardens and roads should be freed from the land sharks and encroachers.

1.6 Likely Sub-Projects Under KMRPThe following are the likely sub-projects proposed by ULBs for funding under KMRP. Water Supply: Improvements to source, treatment and

distribution and extensions to newly built areas and areas inhabited by weaker sections.

Under Ground Sewerage: New sewerage with Sewage Treatment Plant to remodeling and improvements to existing sewerage network and extensions to newly built areas and weaker sections localities.

Storm Water Drainage: Improvements to existing drainage, new drainage, extension to new areas, remodeling etc.

Solid Waste Management: Various facilities under SWM including scientific landfills

Transportation: Improvements to Roads, new CC roads and extensions to newly built areas and weaker sections localities

Street Lights: Additional Street lights Commercial Amenities: Shopping Complexes, Vegetable / Fish /

Mutton Markets, Slaughter Houses, parking lots, marriage halls, community halls

Common Amenities: Schools, Compound Walls, playgrounds, Construction of Parks and Gardens, improvements to water bodies, Hospital, Burial Ground and Crematorium

1.7 Potential ImpactsThe project as a whole is aimed at improving quality of living of the citizens of the concerned ULBs. As the sub-projects are yet to be proposed specific impacts (both positive and negative) have not been identified. However an assessment has been made on likely impacts. The significance of these impacts depends on the individual sub-project, its size and location. In general, the sub-projects are small in size, hence, the adverse impacts, if any, would be minimum.




1.7.1 Positive Impacts

These possible positive project impacts are listed below:

Productive use of time Improvements in income patterns Health and Environmental improvements Improvements in quality of life and human dignity Reduced nuisance of open defecation due to Low Cost Sanitation Less suffering during monsoons and adverse climatic conditions Improved public safety Better infrastructure and transportation facilities Improved access to services Opportunities for social interaction Improved community participation and sense of ownership

1.7.2 Negative Impacts

A. Social Impacts

Land Deprivation and Displacement Inconvenience and nuisance to Public during construction Social issues due to migration, social conflict, etc. Safety hazards Health Hazards

B. Environmental Impacts

Topography: these include erosion, disruption of drainage patterns, loss of top soils, etc.

Surface Water: These include reduced downstream flows, surface water pollution, degradation of riverbanks, etc.

Ground Water: These include groundwater pollution, dwindling groundwater table, etc.

Air Quality: These include temporary impacts during construction due to use of hot mix plants, generators, transportation equipment, etc. This category also includes dust generated due to earthwork excavation process.

Noise Levels: These include noise generated by use of equipment during construction and operation.




Ecological Resources: These include impacts due to cutting of trees, impacts on flora and fauna, organic waste problems, etc.

Other Impacts: These include other impacts like visual, damages to existing infrastructure, hazards, contamination, nuisance, disease, etc.

1.8 Mitigation MeasuresThe above identified negative impacts that could possibly arise during construction and/ or operation are addressed through procedures listed under the Social and Environmental Management Framework (SEMF). This Framework has a social and environmental categorization of sub-projects and Social and Environmental Mitigation measures. As the sub-projects are yet to be identified and Capital Investment Plans are yet to be prepared no ULB specific mitigation measures are identified and planned.

1.8.1 Social Mitigation

The negative social impacts could be mitigated by implementing the Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) policy and entitlement framework given in the SEMF based on the category of the sub-project. The sub-projects are categorized as below:Sa – having more than 200 Project Affected Persons (PAPs)Sb – having between 1- 200 PAPsSc – having no PAPs

For Sa category projects an independent Social Assessment and Resettlement Action Plan will be prepared during the preparation and appraised along with the Detailed Project Report (DPR).

The Sb category will make use of the Entitlement Framework and a Social Management Plan will be prepared as a part of the DPR.

Sc category sub-project does not need any of these as there are no PAPs involved.

1.8.2 Environmental

The negative environmental impacts could be mitigated by the SEMF developed during the study and later adopted by the GoK. This SEMF categorizes the subprojects as below: Ea: Significant adverse environmental impacts Eb: Moderate adverse environmental impacts Ec: Minimal or no adverse environmental impacts




The Ea category sub-projects require conducting and preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) / Environment Management Plan (EMP) as the project may have diverse and significant environmental impacts.

The Eb category sub-projects require an EMP, which is to be prepared using the Guidance given in the Borrower’s Guidebook. This EMP becomes a part of the DPR, which is appraised by KUIDFC.

The Ec category sub-projects do not require preparation of any EIA or EMP, as these sub-projects have minimal or no environmental impacts.

1.9 Capacity BuildingIn order to build the social and environmental capacity of the ULBs, DUDCs, local Consultants, Resource persons, KUIDFC, etc. a Capacity Building plan for a period of 4 years with a budget of Rs. 20 Millions.

1.9.1 Communicating

As part of the Social and Environmental Assessment, a communication strategy has been developed, which will be followed to ensure informed participation of the local people in planning, implementing and monitoring sub-projects covered under KMRP.

1.9.2 Involvement of Women and Other Vulnerables

Based on the findings of the Social and Environmental Assessment, a strategy for involvement of Women and other Vulnerables has been developed so as to ensure that they are not adversely affected by the project interventions and to ensure access to projects benefits at par with other communities.




2 General Description of Urban Sector

2.1 IntroductionAs per Census of India, 2001 approximately 34% of Karnataka’s population (53 million) live in urban areas. In terms of urbanization, Karnataka is the fourth largest in India. Urban population growth in Karnataka is primarily due to natural population increase and migration from rural areas and other urban centres. Reclassification of urban centres has also contributed to increase in urban population to some extent. In Karnataka, the number of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) have increased from 176 in 1991 to 222 in 2003. The type and number of ULBs as per the Directorate of Municipal Administration (DMA) is given below:

ULB Type NumberCity Corporations 6City Municipal Councils 40Town Municipal Councils 82Town Panchayats 89Notified Areas 5TOTAL 222

The high and rapid growth of urban centres has translated into greater pressure on the ULBs in terms of provision of basic civic amenities. When the ULBs could not cope up with the situation it resulted in gaping gaps in demand and supply.

2.2 Urban Institutional Framework in KarnatakaThe urban related activities are planned and implemented by a variety of institutions. The most important among them is the Urban Development Department (UDD), which has administrative control and oversees the urban related activities in the state. The UDD’s annual report includes the following among its responsibilities. Provision of urban infrastructure to ensure good services to the

citizens Provision of water supply and underground drainage systems to

ULBs Preparation of appropriate plans for balanced development of

ULBs Provision of residential sites and services to the weaker sections Maintenance of infrastructure in the ULBs Implementation of central, state and other plans in the ULBs Be responsible for the implementation of relevant legislations in

the sector




UDD has the following institutions directly under its administrative control. Directorate of Municipal Administration (DMA) Department of Town Planning (DTP) Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board (KUWS&DB) Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance

Corporation (KUIDFC)The other agencies, which contribute to the urban development, are listed below: Bangalore Agenda Task Force (BATF) Bangalore Development Authority (BDA) Bangalore International Airport Area Planning Authority (BIAAPA) Bangalore Mass Rapid Transport Limited (BMRTL) Bangalore Metropolitan Regional Development Authority

(BMRDA) Bangalore Metropolitan Task Force (BMTF) Bangalore Mysore Infrastructure Corridor Area Planning Authority

(BMIC) Bangalore Water Supply & Sewerage Board (BWSSB) Karnataka Town Planning Board

2.2.1 Directorate of Municipal Administration

The DMA is the authority that regulates and monitors the functions of the ULBs in the state. DMA is headed by a Director and is supported by joint and assistant directors. It exercises administrative control at the state level, on the following matters:

Exercising control over the functioning of the municipal corporations and local bodies

Preparing and sanctioning town planning schemes and development plans

Financing local bodies to enable them to meet civic requirements like water supply, sewerage, sanitation and transport

Development of new towns

2.2.2 Department of Town Planning (DTP)

The DTP is the authority that regulates the urban planning activities in the state. It deals with urban planning and urban development activities in the state.

2.2.3 Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board (KUWS&DB)




KUWS&DB is a corporate body constituted under Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Drainage Board Act, 1973. Its responsibilities are to develop and in some cases maintain drinking water and sewerage facilities in the ULBs in the state. The functions of the board include the following:

Plan, design and execute water supply and sewerage projects for ULBs

Operate water works (and sewerage works) for ULBs

KUWS&DB generally develops and implement projects and transfers the function of operation and maintenance to the ULBs. It will do the operations of head works and the transmission of bulk water to ULBs where asked for. KUWS&DB collects charges for these services from the respective ULBs.

2.2.4 Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC)

KUIDFC was set up in 1993 under the Companies Act 1956. It was set up with the objective of assisting the ULBs by financing and providing expertise to develop urban infrastructure. More specifically KUIDFC assumes the role of a catalyst for urban development while playing the role of a development finance institution. More specifically, the functions of KUIDFC include the following:

Mobilize finances from internal (national) and external (Bilateral Funding Agencies (BFA) and Multilateral Lending Agencies (MLA)) for on lending to ULBs for Urban Infrastructure Development

Formulate and appraise urban infrastructure development projects

Monitor project/ programme performance Provide technical assistance and build capacity of ULBs/ other

agencies enabling efficient implementation and operations

Currently, KUIDFC is implementing/ processing projects supported by Government of India (GoI), MLAs like the World Bank (WB), Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Japanese Bank for International Co-operation (JBIC) and BFAs like FIRE-USAID.

2.3 Social and Environment Related InstitutionsThere are other institutions at central and state level dealing with the social and environmental aspects of projects. They are:




2.3.1 Government of India (GoI) Institutions The following are the GoI institutions.

Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF)MoEF is a GoI level institution. MoEF is the nodal agency for all activities related to environment and forests sector. It plans, promotes, co-ordinates and oversees the implementation of sector related programmes. Within the framework of existing legislation, MoEF takes up conservation & survey of flora, fauna, forests and wildlife, prevention & control of pollution, afforestation & regeneration of degraded areas and protection of environment. It also appraises projects for approval while enforcing the environmental regulations and acts.

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)CPCB is a GoI level institution. CPCB was constituted in 1974 as a statutory organisation. This is the operational arm of MoEF providing field information and technical services. The functions of CPCB include the following:

Plan and cause to be executed a nation-wide program for the prevention, control or abatement of water and air pollution

Prepare manuals, codes and guidelines relating to treatment and disposal of sewage and trade effluents, as well as for stack gas cleaning devices, stacks and ducts

Advise the GoI on any matter concerning prevention and control of water and air pollution and improvement of quality of air

Provide technical assistance and guidance to State Pollution Control Boards (PCB), carry out and sponsor investigations and research relating to problems of water and air pollution, and their prevention, control or abatement

Co-ordinate activities of the State PCBs and resolve disputes among them

Perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the GoI

The role of the above institutions in the proposed project is not foreseen. However, this will be clear after identification of sub-projects. The MoEF will come into picture, if there is nay land appropriation in forest areas. The mention of these is to avoid any chance finds later.

2.3.2 Government of Karnataka (GoK) Institutions The following are the GoK institutions.

Department of Ecology, Environment & Forests (DoEEF)DoEEF is a state level body of GoK. The administrative control of the environment management in the state of Karnataka is vested with the DoEEF. This department works through the KSPCB. It enforces




various laws and regulations of GoI and GoK. DoEEF formulates environmental management and policy guidelines for Karnataka and grants clearances for projects under its purview.

Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB)KSPCB is a state level body of GoK. KSPCB is the regulatory body in the state of Karnataka to enforce various environmental legislations of the GoI and GoK. The administrative control of the KSPCB rests with DoEEF. CPCB has delegated regulatory powers to KSPCB. The functions of the KSPCB are as below:

Implementing the provisions of Environment Protection, Water, Air, Noise, Solid Waste, etc. Acts

Advise state government in respect to suitability of particular area for industrial development

Assess the quality of environment in terms of ambient air and water quality through monitoring

Issue and enforce consent orders for industrial pollution control Oversee, supervise and regulate water, air, solid, bio-medical and

hazardous waste management in urban areas




3 Laws and regulations related to Social and Environment

3.1 IntroductionThis section describes some of the general laws and regulations related to social and environmental aspects of urban infrastructure as applicable to Externally Aided Projects (EIP). The laws, regulations and rules that are applicable to the sub-projects under KMRP are given in Section B.

3.2 Operational Policies and Directives of The World BankThe operational policies and directives of the World Bank with regard to social and environment aspects of projects are enumerated below:

1. OP 4.01, Environment Assessment 2. OP 4.04, Natural Habitats 3. OP 4.10, Indigenous peoples4. OP 4.12, Involuntary resettlement5. OP 4.36, Forestry6. OP 4.09, Pest Management7. OPN 11.03, Cultural Property 8. OP 4.37, Safety of Dams 9. OP 7.50, Projects on International Waterways10. OP 7.60, Projects in Disputed Areas

For details reference may be made to the World Bank’s website (www.worldbank.org).

3.3 Policy and Regulatory Framework of GoIThe following are the key policy provisions, acts and regulations applicable in India.

Constitutional Provisions The Land Acquisition Act 1894 (amended 1984) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 - as

amended in 1978 &1988 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 - as amended in 1988 Wildlife Protection Act, 1972; and Notification on Coastal Regulation Zone, 1991. Hazardous Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 The Environmental Guidelines for Rail/Road/Highway Projects,

Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, 1989 Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1999

(& 2000)




All the above mentioned policies, regulations and acts are available in the market for further reading. Any law book store would be able to supply these. Some of these are available on the websites of the MoEF and Government of India and State Governments.

3.4 Approvals / Clearances RequiredThe following are the various legal approvals and clearances on social and environmental aspects that the GoK may require before initiating site work. Approvals from MoEF in case of land appropriation of forest land Setting up of hot mix or concrete plants for urban roads would require permission

from KPCB Permissions from KPCB for setting up slaughter houses Permissions from KPCB for STPs and Landfill sites Permissions from Railways for crossing railway lines Permissions from PWD for road cutting Permissions from Irrigation department for drawing water from

irrigation canals for water supply

3.5 Environmental Policy and Regulations of GoKThe DoEEF and KSPCB enforce environmental regulations and policies of GoI and GoK. The GoK has no exclusive policy or regulation on social and environmental issues related to development projects. GoK and its authorities follow the standards and regulations prescribed by CPCB and MoEF of GoI. The UDD has come out with an urban drinking water policy and the GoK is compiling a report on the state of the environment in the state. The following two are applicable for urban development projects.

State of Environment Study Urban Drinking Water and Sanitation Policy

3.6 Planning and Management of ULBsThe other relevant legislations governing the planning and management of urban sector in Karnataka include the following: Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961 Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board Act, 1964 Karnataka Municipalities Act, 1964 Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Drainage Board Act, 1973 Bangalore Development Authority Act, 1976 Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act, 1976 Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority Act, 1985 The Bangalore City Planning Area Zonal Regulations (Amendment

and Validation) Act, 1996




3.7 74th Constitutional AmendmentThe Constitutional 74th Amendment Act, 1992 is an initiative to decentralize power and strengthen democracy at the local level. This Amendment to the Constitution of India has brought in some radical changes in the way ULBs manage their business. This amendment has provided for regular conduction of free and fair elections to the ULBs by the State Election Commission. The provision of urban municipal services is covered under the Twelfth Schedule of the 74th Amendment to the Constitution of India. The concept of local-self government provides a framework for effective functioning of the ULBs to ensure provision of urban services and infrastructure. Besides the traditional core functions of municipalities, it also includes development functions like planning for economic development and social justice, urban poverty alleviation programmes and promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects. The municipalities are now involved in the preparation and implementation of local development plans and social justice programmes. To improve the financial health of the municipalities, the State Finance Commission has been set up and transfers are effected on an annual basis to the municipalities. In order to ensure people’s participation in the affairs of the municipalities, the Act provides for constitution of District and Metro Planning Committees. In line with this, the GoK is setting up District Urban Development Cells (DUDC) to support the ULBs. The Twelfth Schedule suggests the following functions and responsibilities to ULBs.

1. Urban planning including town planning2. Regulation of land use and construction of buildings3. Planning for economic and social development4. Roads and bridges5. Water supply for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes6. Public health, sanitation, conservancy, and solid waste

management7. Fire services8. Urban forestry, protection of the environment, and promotion of

ecological aspects9. Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society,

including the handicapped and mentally retarded10. Slum improvement and Upgradation11. Urban poverty alleviation12. Provision of urban amenities and facilities such as parks,

gardens and playgrounds13. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects14. Burials and burial grounds, cremation grounds, electric

crematorium15. Cattle pounds and prevention of cruelty to animals16. Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths




17. Public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bus-stops and public conveniences

18. Regulation of slaughterhouses and tanneries




4 Proposed Project

4.1 Project backgroundPresently, the GoK is implementing many reforms programmes in the state. Prominent among these are the urban sector reforms efforts initiated by UDD. These reform measures are implemented through KUIDFC, DMA and DTP. In general, the EIPs under implementation by KUIDFC have many reforms components. At present, KUIDFC has initiated the preparation Karnataka Municipal Reforms Project (KMRP) with financial assistance from the World Bank (WB). The preparation is underway and appraisal should take place soon. Deficiency in urban infrastructure provision due to lack of financial resources and technical capacity and huge unmet urban public health and sanitation needs are the primary drivers for the initiation of the KMRP. Implementing 74th Constitutional Amendment in true letter and spirit is the context in which the KMRP is being undertaken. However, municipal financial capacity, municipal effort towards resource mobilization and ULBs commitment to implement reforms will be the primary drivers for investment under various project components.

4.2 Project ComponentsThe project components under the KMRP are grouped under four categories – two reforms and two investment components:A. Institutional Development & TA Component This component consists of the following Technical Assistance (TA) studies. A1. Computerization of Municipal function A2. TA to Town Planning Department A3. Implementation of new Accounting systems in ULBs A4. Project Development Advisory Facility A5. Capacity Building of ULBs including BMP A6. IEC and costs of experts to advice to KUIDFC and State

Departments

B. Investment Support Component B1. General Urban Investment Component: The sub-projects in this category include: Water Supply (improvements) Transportation Street Lighting Lakes and Water Bodies Development Commercial Civic Amenities Common Civic Amenities




B2. Public Health Investment Support: The sub-projects in this category include: Storm Water Drainage Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Plants (using appropriate

technology (low energy intensive and low-cost O&M) for small ULBs)

Municipal Solid Waste Management Low Cost Sanitation Public Conveniences

C. Bangalore Development Component C1. Capacity Building SupportC2. Investment Support: This include the following: Roads (improvements) Grade Separators Footpaths Storm Water Drainage

D. Incremental Operating Costs to KUIDFC

The project investments are to be performance based and demand driven. However, KUIDFC assumes the responsibility of financing all ULBs (committing to implement reforms) for tackling public health related sanitation investments. The first batch of ULBs selected for investments consist 17 ULBs and Bangalore. The list of first batch of 17 ULBs is as follows:

AthniBhadravathiChikkaballapurChikkamagalurChintamaniChitradurga

ChittapurDoddaballapur HassanKolarMadikeriRobertsonpet

SakleshpurSavanoorShimogaSringeriTiptur

4.3 Project ActivitiesThe ULBs would propose various sub-projects to KUIDFC for funding. Most of the sub-projects proposed would be either improvements to the existing systems or new systems. The sub-projects would be in the following sectors.

Water Sewage, Drainage and Sanitation Solid Waste Management Transportation (Roads and road related) Lighting and Signage Commercial Civic Amenities




Public Civic Amenities Urban Planning and Development4.4 Objectives of AssignmentIn order to mitigate adverse social and environmental impacts during planning and implementation of sub-projects under KMRP, KUIDFC has been designated by UDD to engage a social and environment consultant to undertake a combined social and environmental assessment and to prepare a framework for screening of sub-projects proposed by ULBs for funding under KMRP. Samaj Vikas has been sole sourced by KUIDFC for this assignment based on their performance in the earlier project Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Improvements Programme (KUWASSIP). During implementation, KUIDFC and participating ULBs will enhance their capacities to understand, coordinate and ensure effective implementation of Social and Environmental Management Framework. The specific objectives of the study are listed under.1. Conduct a combined Sectoral Social and Environmental Analyses

(SSEA);2. Develop a combined Social and Environmental Management

Framework (SEMF) for the projects that are likely to be proposed as part of this project;

3. Formulate a training and capacity building plan on social and environmental issues; and,

4. Develop a communication and consultation strategy.

4.5 MethodologyThe methodology used for the assignment is described below:

Secondary data collection and literature review Reconnaissance of first batch of ULBs Information collection at ULBs on Social and Environmental

issues Transects of ULBs and Direct Observations Sample socio-economic surveys of households Semi-structured to Partly-structured, Focus Group Discussions

and One to One meetings Water and Soil Sample collection and testing Discussions with local Environmentalists, NGOs, Professionals,

Consultants, Academicians, etc. Public Consultations

The socio-economic study conducted included a willingness to pay survey for various categories of services. Apart from the property tax and water tariff, a new category, viz.: Infrastructure Cess has been included to obtain the feelings of the citizens of the ULBs. Households’ willingness to pay solid waste collection fee has also been noted. The results and findings of the socio-economic and




willingness to pay surveys are presented for individual ULBs in chapter 6.

The impacts listed in the subsequent chapters are a result of the study. The SEMF is based on these observations and survey results.




5 Social and Environmental Impacts

5.1 Prediction of ImpactsAll the sub-projects aim to improve quality of living of the citizens of the ULBs. The significance of these listed impacts depends on the individual project, its size and location. The size of the projects would be small both physically and financially. Due to the likely small size of the sub-projects, adverse impacts, if any, would be at its minimum for the following reasons. The sub-projects are yet to be proposed Likely inclusion of new ULBs Significantly low social and environmental impacts Time lag between sub-project identification and implementation Socially and Environmentally relevant policies of KUIDFC

The following social and environmental impacts are predicted based on the assessment. The impacts could occur during the construction phase and/or operation phase. These possible positive impacts are listed below:

Productive use of time Improvements in income patterns Health and Environmental improvements Improvements in quality of life and human dignity Reduced nuisance of open defecation due to Low Cost Sanitation Less suffering during monsoons and adverse climatic conditions Improved public safety Better infrastructure and transportation facilities Improved access to services Opportunities for social interaction Improved community participation and sense of ownership

The adverse social and environmental impacts are listed below:

5.2 Social ImpactsThe proposed works may not have significant social impacts due to the nature, type and size of the works. However, the following social impacts could possibly arise out of the proposed projects: Deprivation and Displacement

o Due to acquisition of private residential or agricultural or commercial land

Inconvenience and nuisance to Publico Due to accumulation of excavated eartho Disturbance to traffic and resulting congestiono Disruption of utilities such as water, sewerage,

electricity, telephone, cable, etc.




Social issues o Social disruption in the area of constructiono Social unrest issues on construction siteso Regional labour issues

Safety hazardso To the households in the neighborhood during

constructiono Due to storage of chemicals, inundation of roadso Due to impact of vehicles on land outside RoWo Due to risk of accidents

Health Hazards o Due to stagnation of water leading to mosquito breeding

and public health problemso Due to spread of AIDS at construction siteso Due to surface water pollutiono Due to groundwater pollution

The above negative social impacts could be mitigated by implementing an appropriate R&R policy and entitlement framework along with proper implementation of the Environmental Management Framework.

5.3 Environmental Impacts

5.3.1 Impacts on Topography

There will not be major adverse impacts on the topography due to the sub-projects to be proposed except for the following temporary impacts, which could be mitigated using the specified mitigation measures. Erosion and sedimentation Temporary disruption of natural drainage pattern Loss of fertile top soil of the agriculture lands Accumulation of excess excavated earth in the area of

construction and operation Excess earth and debris blockage and change in drainage pattern Changes to hydrological regime, increased flooding, siltation

hampering stream flows, etc.

5.3.2 Impacts on Climate

No changes in climatic conditions or impacts on climate are anticipated due to the sub-projects to be proposed as part of the KMRP.

5.3.3 Impact on Surface Water




No Sub-project activities during construction or operations are expected to interfere with the surface water characteristic of the respective ULBs. Hence, impacts on surface water are not anticipated. The following temporary impacts are identified.

Reduced flow to the down stream users Surface water pollution due to discharge of sludge and effluent Degradation of river banks due to excavation and construction

activities Overflow of sewage causing pollution in channels and water

bodies

5.3.4 Impact on Ground Water

No Sub-project activities during construction or operations are expected to interfere with the ground water characteristic of the respective ULBs. Hence, impacts on ground water are not anticipated. The following temporary impacts are identified.

Groundwater pollution due to discharge of sludge and effluent Lowering of groundwater table due to pumping of water during

excavation Groundwater pollution due to leachates from solid waste

5.3.5 Impacts on Air Quality

During the construction phase excavation process, suspended particulate matter and dust are major sources of pollution impairing air quality. However, on construction sites the impact on air quality due to the sub-project is likely to be higher. During construction and sometimes during operation, use of hot mix plants, generators, transportation and lifting machinery will be unavoidable. Emissions from the exhaust of these are likely to cause localized and temporary air quality impacts.

Adequate dust suppression measures and protective measures to the work force will significantly reduce impacts. As the sub-projects to be proposed would be small by nature, the impact of air pollution will not be very significant. Since these impacts are temporary, adequate precautions during the construction period will mitigate them.

There will not be any significant air quality impacts during the operation phase of the sub-projects.

However, the following possible impacts are listed. Increased dust levels due to earth work excavation and

construction activities




Increased air pollution and smell Air pollution through ventilating shafts of machinery, plant and

equipment

5.3.6 Impact on Noise Levels

Movement of vehicles transporting construction material and noise generating activities at the construction site, are major sources of noise pollution during construction. Material movement and associated work are the primary noise generating activities on site. These will be distributed over the entire construction period. Construction activities are expected to produce noise levels that can affect the personnel working on site. Activities involving vehicles, plant and equipment in the close proximity of households will have an adverse impact due to noise pollution. These impacts are temporary and limited to the construction phase.

Except during regular maintenance activities, no noise generating activities are envisaged during the sub-projects operation phase. Hence, no noise impacts are predicted.

However, the following possible impacts are listed. Increased Noise Levels during Construction Noise due to movement of vehicles Increased Noise Levels during operation Noise impact due to operation of DG sets

5.3.7 Impact on soils

No impact on soils is envisaged at the moment. However, there could be some impact on soil and shallow groundwater characteristics due to the leachates from the landfills. This could be mitigated using the methods suggested in the SEMF.

5.3.8 Impact on Ecological Resources

The sub-project activities do not involve encroachment of sensitive environmental features or cutting of trees or removal of vegetation. The proposed ULBs are not in an eco-sensitive zone or coastal zone. Hence, there will not be any adverse ecological impacts due to the project as the project activities are confined to the ULBs. However, the following impacts are enumerated to be taken care of in the SEMF. Ecological impacts due to cutting of trees Bird menace and littering of meat pieces and animal organs Increased organic waste problem Increased pest problem (rats and birds)




5.3.9 Impact on cultural resources

No adverse impacts are foreseen to the cultural resources or relics in the ULBs due the sub-projects to be proposed.

5.3.10 Other Issues

Visual Disruption to visual resources Standing out as Eyesore in the surroundings Ugly and unsightly conditions

Damage Damage to road surface /other utilities

Hazards Hazards due to storage of chemicals Handling of hazardous waste Health hazards from bio-medical waste Projection/depression of manhole covers on the road surface

causing inconvenience to public and leading to accidents

Contamination Contamination by human waste/ excreta Contamination by organic waste Cross contamination of water supply pipeline

Nuisance Stagnation of sewage, odor problem Storage of materials causing disturbance to public and traffic Leakage causing nuisance Waste degradation and odour nuisance due to long accumulation

/storage Accumulation of inorganic wastes Odour and fly nuisance

Disease Disease transmission and Public Health issues Spills of solid waste enroute disposal sites/ landfills Health hazards from non-bio degradable waste

Other Plying vehicles on unpaved roads Stagnation of water inside facilities and on roads Tree branches obstructing the vision of the drivers of vehicles Oil spillages




5.4 Water and Soil TestingWater and soil samples from the 17 ULBs are tested for various parameters. These are one-off sample picked to give an indication of type of water and soil. The samples are picked from all parts of the town, i.e., centre, north, east, west and south. To get a good understanding of the water and soils in the town, regular monitoring of quality is necessary. The town wise results are summarized and given in chapter 7.

5.5 Lessons learnt from study for SEMFThe study has thrown up certain general types of social and environmental impacts that could possibly arise during construction and/ or operation. The Capital Investment Programmes (CIP) are yet to be prepared by the ULBs, for the reason that the project is taking a final shape. As this situation was envisaged beforehand, KUIDFC went for preparation of SEMF for KMRP. This SEMF has a social and environmental categorization of sub-projects and Social and Environmental Mitigation measures in Section B. As the sub-projects are yet to be identified and CIPs are yet to be prepared no ULB specific mitigation measures could be identified. A summary of likely impacts table is given below for reference.




Social and Environmental Impacts on Projects Impacts: S – Significant M – MediumL - Low

Project Type Social Category Envi. Category A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U1. Water1A. Head Works/ Intake works1A1. Head works/ Intake works not involving river diversions/ impounding storages/ barrages

Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L

1A2. Head works/ Intake works involving river diversions/ impounding storage/ barrages

Sa Eb S S S M M M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L

1B. Water Treatment Plants Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L L L M L L L L L L L L L1C. Rising Mains/ Gravity Mains Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L1D. Overhead/ Ground level Reservoirs Sb Ec M M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L1E. Feeder Mains/ Distribution Mains Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L1F. Extension of Services to Vulnerable Sections Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L1G. Water Tankers Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L2. Sewage/ Drainage/ Sanitation2A. Sewage Treatment Plants Sb Ea M M M L L M L L M L L S L L L L L S L L S2B. Public Conveniences Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L T2C. Storm Water Drainage2C1.Improving Existing SWD Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L2C2. New SWD Sa Eb S S S M L M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L2D. Under Ground Sewerage2D1. Improvements to Existing UGS Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L2D2. New UGS Sa Ea S S S M L S L L M L L L L L L L L S L L L2E. Sewage Pumping Stations Sb Eb M M M M L M L L M L L L L L L L L M L L M3. Solid Waste Management3A. Primary Collection of Solid Waste Sc Eb L L L L L L L L M L L L L L L L L L L L L3B. Dumping/ Composting Yards/ Land Fills Sb Ea M M M L L L L L S L S S L S L L L L L L L3C. Transportation of Solid Waste (Vehicles) Sc Eb L L L L L L L L L L L M L M L L M L L L L4. Transportation4A. Road Widening and Resurfacing Sb Eb M M M M M M L L L L L L L L L L M L L L L4B. Road Resurfacing without Widening Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4C. New Roads/ Ring Roads Sa Ea S S S S S S L L L L L L L L L L M L L L L4D. Foot Paths Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4E. Traffic Islands Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4F. Dividers Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4G. Bus Terminals Sb Ec M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




4H. Truck Terminals Sb Ec M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4I. Car Parkings Sb Ec M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4J. Workshops Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L M L L L L4K. Bridges/ Culvers Sb Eb M M M M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4L. RuBs/ Pedestrian Subways Sb Ea M M M S S L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L4M. RoBs Sb Eb M M L L L L L L L L M L L L L L L L L L L4N. Traffic Signals Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L5. Lighting and Signage L5A. Street Lighting Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L5B. Sign Boards Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L6. Commercial Civic Amenities6A. Shopping/ Office Complexes Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L M L L L L L M M L L M L6B. Cinema Theatres Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L M L L L L L M M L L M L6C. Dormitories/ Hostels/ Lodges Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L M L L L L L L L L L M L6D. Marriage Halls Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L M L L L L L L M L L M L6E. Community Halls Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L M L L L L L L L L L M L6F. Slaughter Houses Sb Ea M M M L L M L L S L L L L L L L L S L M S6G. Vegetable/ Fish/ Meat Markets Sb Eb M M M L L M L L M L L L L L L L M M L M M7. Public Civic Amenities7A. Parks Sb Ec M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L7B. Lakes/ Water bodies Improvements Sc Ec L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L7C. Playgrounds Sb Eb M M M M L L L L L L L L L L L L M L L L L7D. Schools/ Libraries Sb Ec M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L7E. Shelters for Homeless/ Old age Homes Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L7F. Disaster Relief Centres Sb Eb M M M L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L7G. Hospitals Sb Ea M M M L L L L L M L M L L L S L L M M M M7H. Burial Grounds and Crematoriums Sb Ea M M M M M M S L L L M L L L L L L M M L M8. Urban Planning and Development8A. Housing Colonies (only sites and services) Sa Ea S S S S S S S M L S L L L L L L L L L L L8B. Housing Schemes Sa Ea S S S S S S S M L S L L L L L L L L L L L8C. Land Development Sa Ea S S S S S S S M L S L L L L L L L L L L L

Code Impact Code Impact Code ImpactA Land acquisition H Destruction of Habitat/Flora Fauna O Bio-medical WasteB Involuntary Resettlement I Insect and Pest Menace P Fire hazardC Land Use J Urban Congestion Q NoiseD Hydrology and drainage Pattern K Aesthetic and Tranquility R Smell




E Water logging L Public Health S SmokeF Surface Water Quality M Safety T Disturbance to Other ServicesG Ground Water Quality N Solid Waste U Air Quality




6 Profiles of ULBs

6.1 Athni

6.1.1 Introduction

Athni town is located in North Karnataka in Belgaum district at 180 km from Belgaum, the head quarters. It is 700 km from Bangalore City. Athni town is situated at a longitude of 750 0.4 E and latitude of 160 44’ N and located at an altitude of 563.58 meter above mean sea level. The main agricultural activities around Athni are jowar, wheat, cotton and sugarcane. There are 18 schools, 2 colleges and 2 professional colleges in the ULB. The Athni is famous for the leather footwear (Kolhapuri Chappals) manufacturing. This leather footwear is exported to several parts of India. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 32,036Population, 2001 39,200Annual Population Growth Rate 2.24Total ULB Area, Sq. Km 8.70No. Wards 23No. Of Households 6784Religions 80% Hindu, 10%Muslims,

2%Christians and other 8% SCs and STs 16% SC and ST- NilNo. of Slums 4Slum Population 7265

Land value: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB.Area Rate Range in Rs. Per

SFt.Buduvar Peth Rs.166Gandhi Market, Habbu Galli, Apray galli

Rs.72

Agsar Galli, Mothgi mat, Dowri Galli

Rs.55

6.1.2 Environmental Profile

General climate of the city is dry with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer are 360 and 250 degrees and in winter280 and 160 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 270.6 mm inches. Topography of Athni is generally plain. The soils are red, sandy and sometimes clayey.




The ground water level is at a depth of about 100 to 300 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.

There is no reserve forest or eco sensitive zone in the immediate vicinity of Athni.

There are two old temples in Athni town namely, Siddeswara Temple and Murgendra Temple.

6.1.3 Utilities

A. Water supply

Krishna River which is about 11 km from the town is the source of water supply. The water is treated before supply. Generally, water is supplied daily except in summer during which the frequency is once in a week.

B. Sewerage

There is no UGD facility in this town.

C. Solid waste

Presently solid waste in the town is dumped in the dust bins for collection. The city generates about 8 TPD of solid waste and disposes all of it. There are 2 tractors and 1 tipper with the municipality. There are no Resident Welfare Associations involved in the solid waste collection. The collected waste is disposed behind Idga Mahal.

D. Roads

The details of roads in the city is as belowType of road Length in Km

BT Road 5.58 KmCC Road 2.85 kmMetal Road 9.52 kmMud Road 23.87 km

E. Municipal Amenities

There is one vegetable market in the city centre and a mutton market is in Bijapur Road. There is a slaughterhouse in the city. The city also has a Rangamandira a cultural centre. The city also has a garden.




6.1.4 Results of Socio-Economic Survey

Sample size: 150 Households

A. Income and Expenditure PatternsMonthly Household Income and Expenditure

Range in Rs. Income Expenditure No Percent No PercentLess than Rs1500 21 14 21 14Rs1500 – 5000 59 39.33 79 52.67Above Rs5000 70 46.67 50 33.33Total 150 100 150 100

B. Level of Satisfaction with Present ServicesLevel of Satisfaction for the services provided

ServiceGood

Satisfactory

Same as Before Bad

Can't Say

Water Supply 2 4.67 290.67 0.66

Sewerage / UGD 0.67 0 066.67 32.66

Sewerage treatment 1.33 14 3.3368.67 12.67

Strom Water Drainage 1.33 16 2.67

67.33 12.67

Roads 12 20.67 4.6760.67 2

Street lighting12.6

7 40 243.33 2

Solid Waste Collection 3.33 14.67 2.67

62.67 16.67

Solid Waste Disposal 2 14.67 2 70 11.33

Markets 2.67 12.67 36.6746.67 1.33

Parks & Gardens 0 1.33 7.33 40 51.33

Burial Ground 2.67 7.33 5032.67 7.33

Ease in remitting Payments 0 42.67 14.67

28.67 14

Response to Complaints 0 28 12.67

35.33 24

Grievance Redressal 0 25.33 12 46 16.67

Public relations 0 30 11.3334.67 24

C. Willingness to Pay (over and above present tax)

Property TaxWillingness to pay more property Tax / Year

Percentage Range No Percent




0 – 5 21 17.55 – 10 24 2010 – 20 53 44.1720 – 30 15 12.530 & above 7 5.83Total 120 100

Infrastructure Cess (new concept)Willingness to pay Infrastructure cess / Year

Range in Rs. No PercentLess than Rs 100 46 32.17Rs 100- 200 30 20.98Rs 200- 300 51 35.66Rs 300- 400 3 2.10Rs 400 & above 13 9.09Total 143 100

Water TariffWillingness to pay more Water Tax / month

Range in Rs. No PercentRs 25 12 8.70Rs 25 -50 68 49.28Rs 50 – 75 51 36.96Rs 75 – 100 7 5.07Total 138 100

Solid Waste Collection Tax (payment to private collector) Willingness to pay for SW facility / month

Range in Rs. No PercentRs 5 45 36.59Rs 5- 10 23 18.70Rs 10 – 15 46 37.40Rs 15 & above 9 7.32Total 123 100

6.1.5 Wish List of Projects

A public consultation was conducted on 10 January 2004. This wish list of projects was collected during the surveys and public consultation.

Water Supply Storm Water Drainage/ Sewage/ Sanitation Solid Waste Management Schools/Library/ Marriage hall/ Vegetable Market/ Slaughter

house Play ground/ Park and Garden Street lights i.e., Mercury lamps Roads and Footpath




6.1.6 Issues specific to the ULB

Water is stagnant in the storm water drainage in the town. The inhabitants of the town use this to throw garbage. The citizen would like to see this cleaned.

The waste from the vegetable market is presently thrown on the road side. Many citizens feel that the town should a vegetable market with proper solid waste collection system.

6.1.7 Assessment of Impacts

The likely impacts due to the sub-projects to be proposed are given below:

A. Social Moderate land appropriation Low Displacement

B. Environmental Low impacts on surface water Low impacts on ground water Low impacts on air quality Low impacts on noise




6.2 Bhadravathi

6.2.1Introduction

The Bhadravati is located in South East part of Karnataka on the banks of Bhadra River in Shimoga district at about 18 km from Shimoga. Bhadravati is about 260 km away from Bangalore. It is the biggest town in the Shimoga District. It is situated at a longitude of 76 27’ E and Latitude of 13 50’N. The town is located at an attitude of 578.89 meter above Mean Sea Level. Bhadravathi is accessible both by road and rail. The town is directly linked to the state capital by broad gauge railway. Bhadravathi is well connected to many parts of the state by bus service.

There are mainly two industries located in this town; they are Visweswaraiah Iron and Steel Limited and Mysore Paper Mills Limited. VISL started in the year 1918. Iron ore is available at Kemmanagundi Hills near Bhadravati. The MPM limited started its operations in the year 1936. Later during 1938 Bhadra Cement factory was started. These industries were the main reason for the development of the town. Presently VISL is in a critical condition and stopped its production. Similarly, MPM also closed operations. This is the main reason for the migration of the population to other places.The main agricultural activity around Bhadravati is Ragi, Coconut, Areca Nut and other vegetables. There are a good number of educational institutions in and around the town about 109 primary, 30 higher secondary schools and 12 colleges. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 163781Population, 2001 160000Annual Population Growth Rate -0.23% (out migration)Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 67.08No. Wards 23No. Of Households 12843Religions 78% Hindu, 20% MuslimSCs and STs 14% & 2% No. of Slums 34Slum Population 39,639


SFt.Channagiri Road to Madhachari Circle

Rs. 600/-




Basaveswara circle to Police Station

Rs. 270/-

JD Katte and Bandanalli Rs. 50-59/-


General climate of the city is moderate. The maximum and minimum temperatures recorded are 400 C and 90C. The average annual rainfall is 1559.20 mm. Topography of Bhadravati is plain. The soils are black cotton and sandy.

Ground water level is at a depth of about 400 to 500 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.

Narasimha Temple is in Bhadravati town is popular. Apart from this, there are several small temples, churches and mosques in the town.

6.2.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyBhadra River is the source of water supply to Bhadravathi town. This River Bhadra passes through the town and is mostly perennial. The water is treated before supply with alum and bleaching powder. Water is supplied almost daily.

B. SewerageBhadravathi town has no Under Ground Drainage. There are about 30 public conveniences in Bhadravati. Among these 26 are in working condition.

C. Solid wastePresent solid waste is collected through dust bins at street level. This town generates about 52 tons/day of solid wastes and disposes 45 tons/day. There are no resident welfare associations actively working in the solid waste collection. The municipality has 5 Lorries for transport of solid waste.

D. RoadsThe details of roads in the town are below:

Type of road Length in Km

BT Road 58.79 KmMetal Toad 144.07 kmKutcha Road 24.91 km





There are two vegetable markets in Bhadravati, one is situated at BH Road and other is at Basaveswara Circle. There is one fish market located at Golagirikere. There are 5 Parks and Gardens in the town. They are located at Gandhinagar, Siddagoudanagar, BH Road, Upparutta and MPM Park in New Town.

6.2.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey

Sample Size: 185 Households

A. In come and Expenditure PatternsMonthly Household Income and Expenditure

Range in Rs. Income Expenditure No Percent No PercentLess than Rs1500 33 17.84 45 24.32Rs1500 – 5000 102 55.14 111 60Above Rs5000 50 27.03 29 15.68Total 185 100 185 100


Services GoodSatisfactory

Same as Before Bad

Can't Say

Water Supply 11.89 51.35 14.05 21.62 1.08Sewerage / UGD 3.24 10.81 24.86 18.38 42.70Sewerage treatment 1.08 24.86 17.84 40.54 15.68Strom Water Drainage 2.16 31.35 10.27 18.92 37.30Roads 10.27 43.78 11.89 31.35 2.70Street lighting 11.89 50.81 10.27 24.32 2.70Solid Waste Collection 1.08 16.76 25.41 22.70 34.05Solid Waste Disposal 0.54 16.76 25.41 41.08 16.22Markets 2.16 17.30 45.95 31.89 2.70Parks & Gardens 1.08 17.30 17.84 33.51 30.27Burial Ground 0.98 32.98 20.53 28.61 16.90Ease in remitting Payments 60.54 11.35 7.03 20 1.08Response to Complaints 4.32 31.89 20 21.08 22.70Grievance Redressal 3.78 29.73 19.46 22.70 24.32Public relations 3.78 30.27 18.38 25.41 22.16

C. Willingness To Pay Tax (over and above present tax)


Percentage Range No Percent0 – 5 3 2.705 – 10 29 26.13




10 – 20 53 47.7520 – 30 18 16.2230 & above 8 7.21Total 111 100

Infrastructure Cess (new concept)Willingness to pay more Infrastructure cess / Year



Range in Rs. No PercentRs 25 14 8.05Rs 25 -50 80 45.98Rs 50 – 75 63 36.21Rs 75 – 100 10 5.75Rs 100 & above 7 4.02Total 174 100

Solid Waste Collection Tax (payment to private collector) Willingness to pay for SW facility / month



A public consultation was conducted on 03 February 2004. This wish list of projects was collected during the surveys and public consultation. UGD Roads Street lights Water supply


Due to the closure of important industries in the town, there is an out migration from the town. This resulted in a negative population growth. This migration has affected municipality’s resources and revenue.




The street lighting is rather poor in the town and makes it difficult to walk through these streets after dark.

Many areas are facing the problem of solid waste. Solid waste like plastic bags, papers and other such materials are flying around these areas and are entering the houses in these areas.The citizens would like to improve the old public conveniences, which are not in working condition.



A. Social Migration Moderate land appropriation Low Displacement

B. Environmental Low impacts on surface water Low impacts on ground water Low impacts on air quality




6.3 Chickaballapur

6.3.1 Introduction

Chickaballapur is located in Southern part of Karnataka in Kolar district. It is about 63 Km from Kolar and about 140 km from Bangalore. It is located on the National Highway 7 from Bangalore to Bellary. The town has railway connection.

The main agricultural activity around Chickaballapur is Ragi and Onion. There are16 educational institutions in the town. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 47,197Population, 2001 54,938Annual Population Growth Rate 1.64%Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 20No. Wards 31No. of Households 8500Religions 80% Hindu, 15%Muslims,

5%ChristiansSCs and STs 15% and 3%No. of Slums 7Slum Population 6914

Land value: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB.Area Rate Range in Rs. Per Sft.BB Road Rs. 1000Bazar Road (Sir M.V.Road) Rs.500-600Kanduar Rs.85


General climate of the city is cool with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 310 and 260 degrees and in winter about 260 and 160 degrees Celsius. Topography of Chickaballapur is plain. The soils are black cotton and red.

Ground water is available at a depth of about 400 to 800 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.

6.3.3 Utilities

A. Water supply




Chickaballapur source of water supply is bore wells. In most cases the bore well water is not fit for drinking. The frequency of water supply in this town is daily.

B. Sewerage

There is no sewage System in the town.

C. Solid waste

This town generates about 12-15 tons/day of solid waste and disposes 12 tons/day. The present arrangements for the collection are through sweepers and push carts. There are 3 tractors with the municipality. There is no particular place for dumping.

D. Roads

The details of roads in the town are below:Type of road Length in Km

BT Road 30 KmMetal road 17 kmMud road 10 km


There are 2 vegetable markets; one is located at APMC (Goruri bindi Road) and the other at Santhe Market (BB Road) in the town. There is one civil bus stop, one community hall (Jubilee Hall) located beside the CMC and two bus terminals at Shidlighatta.




Range in Rs. Income Expenditure No Percent No PercentLess than Rs1500 21 12.96 31 19.14Rs1500 – 5000 83 51.23 100 61.73Above Rs5000 58 35.80 31 19.14Total 162 100 162 100


ServiceGood

Satisfactory

Same as Before Bad

Can't Say




Water Supply 0.62 51.23 12.9635.19 0

Sewerage / UGD 2.47 25.31 29.6342.59 0

Sewerage treatment 0 50.62 25.9323.46 0

Strom Water Drainage 0.62 63.58 15.43

20.37 0.00

Roads 1.23 64.81 20.3713.58 0

Street lighting 0.62 84.57 9.884.9

4 0Solid Waste Collection 0.00 25.31 48.15

26.54 0.00

Solid Waste Disposal 0 30.25 41.36

28.40 0.00

Markets 0.00 10.49 77.7811.73 0.00

Parks & Gardens 0 4.32 75.9313.58 6.17

Burial Ground 0.00 11.11 69.1416.67 3.09


12.35 10.49

Response to Complaints 0 43.21 37.65

19.14 0

Grievance Redressal 0.62 20.99 37.6540.74 0.00

Public relations 0 41.36 37.6520.99 0

C. Willingness To Pay (over and above present tax)


Percentage Range No Percent5 – 10 11 10.6810 – 20 71 68.9320 – 30 14 13.5930 & above 7 6.80Total 103 100







Range in Rs. No PercentRs 25 17 10.63Rs 25 -50 48 30Rs 50 – 75 48 30Rs 75 – 100 25 15.63Rs 100 & above 22 13.75Total 160 100

Solid Waste Collection Tax (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW facility / month

Range in Rs. No PercentRs 5 7 4.43Rs 5- 10 64 40.51Rs 10 - 15 69 43.67Rs 15 & above 18 11.39Total 158 100


A public consultation was conducted on 28 January 2004. This wish list of projects was collected during the surveys and public consultation.

Water Treatment Plant Street Lightning Vegetable/Meat Market UGD Shopping/Office complexes Layout improvement Parks and Gardens Resurfacing of roads Solid Waste Collection Parking


The municipality is facing the problem of lack of manpower to handle the solid waste it generates.

There is a parking problem in the town, in particular at the bus station.

The present space used for vegetable market in front of the CMC is creating traffic problems.




There are no community toilets in the private bus stations in the town.




B. Environmental Low impacts on ground water Low impacts on air quality




6.4 Chikkamagalur

6.4.1 Introduction

The Chikkamagalur is located in Southern Western part of Karnataka. Chikkamagalur is the district head quarters of Chikkamagalur district. It is 225 kms away from Bangalore. It is connected with state highways (SH47).

The main agricultural activity around Chikkamagalur is Coffee. There are good number of educational institutions in the ULB; that is 56 schools and 7 colleges.

The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population, 1991 90,522Population, 2001 101,022Annual Population Growth Rate 1.15Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 27No. of Wards 31No. of Households 17000Religions 84% Hindu, 13%Muslims,

3%ChristiansSCs and STs SCs – 28%, STs – 1%No. of Slums 11Slum Population 4000


SFt.Mahatma Gandhi Road, IG Road Rs 1500sftBasavanahlli Main Road Rs 500-1500sftMarket Road, Mallandu Road, Vijayawada Road, Tippu Nagar, Tamil colony

Rs 100


General climate of the city is salubrious with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer at about 33 and 22 degrees Celsius and in winter about 27 and 20 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall is about 1500 mm. The topography of Chikkamagalur is hilly. The soils are black cotton soils.




There are two rivers near Chikkamagalur; one is Yagachi River, which is about 27 kms away, and the other is Honnammanahalla River, which is about 15 Km away. Generally, ground water is available at a depth of about 200 to 600 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.

The Muthodi Reserved Forest is about, 50 Km away from Chikkamagalur city. There is also a bird sanctuary in Mattavara Forest, which is about 9 Km from the city.

6.4.3 Utilities

A. Water supply

There are different types of water supplies in operation in the ULB. They are PWS, MWS, and Hand pumps. The source of water supply is surface water from rivers and ground water from bore wells. Frequency of water supply is daily in most localities. The water supply system covers about 6765 households with about 1605 household connections. During normal days, the supply is about 74.1 MLD.

B. Sewerage

There is under ground drainage system in the ULB. The total sewerage network in Chikkamagalur is about 42.6 Km. The system has a sewage treatment plant, which is not functioning. The sewerage is disposed in a place called Crannapuri, which is about 10 km away from the ULB. There are four public toilets in the city.

C. Solid waste

The town generates about 45MTs of soils wastes and disposes 42MT. The present arrangements for the collection are through door-to-door collection. There are two tractors and one mini lorry. The waste is dumped at a 5 acre site behind the ZP office.

D. Roads

The details of roads in the ULB are as below


BT Road 26kmMetal road 18 kmCC Road 2.5km





There are six markets in the city; 2 vegetables markets located at Santhe Maidan, KM Road and APMC Yard, Dantaramakki. One meat market and slaughter house is at Market Road. There are 3 fish markets located at Market Road, Barline Road and Malandur Road.

There is one civil bus stop behind KSRTC bus stop and 5 community halls in Gandhinagar, Tamil colony, Ramanahalli, Uppahalli and Shettys street. A truck terminal has been sanctioned near Santhe Maidan and the work is yet to start.

6.4.4 Results of Socio-Economic Surveys

The results of the socio-economic surveys are presented below:

Sample Size: 148

A. Income and Expenditure PattersMonthly household Income and expenditure details

Range in Rs. Income ExpenditureNo Percent No Percent

Less than Rs 1500 11 7.43 13 8.78Rs1500 - 5000 77 52.03 99 66.89Rs5000 & above 60 40.54 36 24.32Total 148 100 148 100

B. Level of Satisfaction with Present ServicesLevel of satisfaction for the services provided

ServiceGoo

dSatisfact

orySame as before Bad

Can't say

Water supply 6.76 52.70 9.4631.08 0.00

Sewerage19.5

9 49.32 10.8118.24 2.03

Sewage Treatment 4.73 45.95 13.5135.14 0.68

Strom water drainage 3.38 46.62 14.86

34.46 0.68

Roads12.8

4 42.57 7.4336.49 0.68

Street lighting 4.05 75.68 7.4312.84 0.00

Solid waste collection 2.70 72.30 9.46

15.54 0.00

Solid waste disposal 2.03 68.24 14.8614.86 0.00

Markets12.8

4 22.97 41.2219.59 3.38

Parks & Gardens 0 10.81 29.7333.11 26.35




Burial Ground 0.68 8.11 44.5939.19 7.43

Ease in remitting Payments 9.46 60.14 5.41

7.43 17.57

Response to complaints 0 57.43 6.08

24.32 12.16

Grievance Redressal 0 49.32 6.0837.16 7.43

Public relations 0 55.41 6.0824.32 14.19


Property TaxWillingness to pay more property tax/year

Percentage Range No Percent0 – 5 14 15.915 – 10 13 14.7710 – 20 43 48.8620 – 30 13 14.7730 & above 5 5.68Total 88 100

Infrastructure Cess (new concept)Willingness to pay infrastructure cess/year


Water TariffWillingness to pay more water tax/month


Solid Waste Collection Tariff (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW facility/month

Range in Rs. No Percent




Rs 5 40 33.06Rs 5- 10 42 34.71Rs 10 – 15 39 32.23Total 121 100


The public consultation was held on 21 January 2004. This wish list of projects was collected during the surveys and public consultation.

UGD to uncovered areas and improvements Improvements to Roads and new CC roads Improvements to Water Supply Additional Street lights Construction of a Shopping Complex and Vegetable / Fish / Mutton Markets at

the outskirts of the city. Construction of a Slaughter House Construction of Parks and Gardens Construction of School Compounds Construction of a Parking lot in the city centre


There is a solid waste management project underway with the assistance of NORAD. A local NGO Swatchcha has been implementing this project. The door to door collection of the solid waste is in practice with the involvement of this NGO and local leaders. This experiment can be supported under KMRP.

The Municipal Council members feel that the mutton and fish markets are to be outside the city.








6.5 Chintamani

6.5.1 Introduction

Chintamani is located in south east of Karnataka. Chintamani is in Kolar district and is 31 km away from district headquarters. It is 72 kms away from Bangalore. State highway SH48 passes through Chintamani. The main agricultural activity around Chintamani is Ragi, Reshmi and Mulberry plants. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 50,376Population, 2001 65,456Annual Population Growth Rate

2.99%

Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 12No. Wards 31No. Of Households 11,770Religions 80% Hindu, 19% Muslims & 1%

Christians and othersSCs and STs SCs – 28%, STs – 1%No. of Slums 14Slum Population 13000

Land value: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB.Area Rate Range in Rs.

Per SFt.MG Road, Chevulur Road, Bala Road Rs. 2900Venkateswara Totu, N R Extension, Polytechnic Area, Ramakunte, Brabu Road

Rs. 100 – 200

Suntur Road, Gadwal pet, Shanthinagar, Agrahar, Mahaminagar

Rs. 30 – 50


General climate of the ULB is cool with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer are 32 and 28 degrees Celsius and in winter 23 and 20 degrees Celsius. Topography of Chintamani is plain surrounded by small hillocks and tanks. The soils are red soils. Ground water is available at depths of about 300 to 350 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.

There are 3 main temples; one is Naganateswara Temple is at NNT road, Achara Katte near Agrahara and Hari Lareshwara temple at




Azad chowk. There is a Jamia masjid in the town. Azad chowk is another historical monument in this ULB.

6.5.3 Utilities

A. Water supply

There are different types of water supply in operation in the town. They are PWS, MWS, and Hand pumps. The source of water supply is water from Kannumpally reservoir and ground water from bore wells. Frequency of water supply is about once in two days. There is a pump station 4 km away from the town and the water is treated by filtration. The distribution is through 3 major overhead tanks.

B. Sewerage

The ULB has partial under ground sewerage system. It covers a distance of 10 Km of ULB. There are no pumping stations. The sewage is disposed into the nearby tanks without treatment.

C. Solid waste

The ULB generates about 35 TPD of solid waste and disposes 15 TPD through collection and disposal. The present arrangements for the collection are through sweeping and dustbins. There are 3 tractors for transport of solid waste among which 2 are in working condition. There is scarcity of vehicles for solid waste collection.

D. Roads

The details of roads in the city is as belowType of road Length in KmBT Road 20kmMetal road 25 kmCC Road 7kmMud road 40 km


There are 2 municipal vegetable markets in the ULB. There is one civil bus stop and 3 community halls located at Taputeswara colony, Jagajeevanram colony and Venkatagiri kote.


The salient findings of the survey are enumerated below:





A. Income and Expenditure PatternsMonthly household Income and expenditure details


Less than Rs 1500 17 13.18 37 28.68Rs1500 – 5000 87 67.44 80 62.02Rs5000 & above 25 19.38 12 9.30Total 129 100 129 100


ServiceGoo

dSatisfact

orySame as before Bad

Can't say

Water supply16.2

8 48.84 16.2815.50 3.10

Sewerage 3.10 17.05 26.3627.91 25.58


26.36 24.03

Roads10.0

8 50.39 9.3029.46 0.78

Street lighting14.7

3 60.47 7.7515.50 1.55

Solid waste collection 0 18.60 34.11

25.58 21.71

Solid waste disposal 0 21.71 28.6837.98 11.63

Markets 1.55 10.08 63.5722.48 2.33

Parks & Gardens 0 6.20 51.1624.81 17.83

Burial Ground 0 22.48 47.2922.48 6.98

Ease in remitting payments 2.33 58.91 13.18

12.40 13.18

Response to complaints 3.10 36.43 20.93

21.71 17.83

Grievance Redressal 3.88 22.48 19.3839.53 14.73

Public relations 3.10 37.98 19.3825.58 13.95

C. Willingness To Pay (over and above present tax)Property Tax

Willingness to pay more property tax/year Percentage range No Percent0 – 5 1 1.105 – 10 12 13.1910 – 20 48 52.7520 – 30 26 28.5730 & above 4 4.40




Total 91 100





Solid Waste Collection Tariff (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW facility/month



The Public Consultation meeting at Chintamani was held on 16 Jan 2004. The following are the sub-projects proposed by the participants during the meeting and during surveys. Water supply improvement Water treatment plant Roads (Improvement and extension) Street Lighting Gardens and parks improvement Under Ground Sewerage with STP Solid waste management with scientific landfill




Improvements of water sources in the city (Ponds)

6.5.6 Issues Specific to ULB

The citizens feel that the water sources around the ULB need to be strengthened by way of protecting the catchment area

The citizenry also wants rain water harvesting to b made compulsory. They feel that the CMC office and Councilors houses should have rain water harvesting structures before everybody in the ULB starts construction. Should create awareness regarding

As there is considerable floating population to the ULB, they need to be made aware of the implications of littering, open defecation, open urination, etc.

The present practice of dumping the solid waste in the Kannampalli and Gopasandra ponds should be discontinued.

Citizens want the illegal sand quarrying from the ponds and tanks around city has to be stopped.

The citizens feel that the encroached areas like proposed places for parks and gardens and roads are to be freed from the land sharks and encroachers.



A. Social Moderate land appropriation Low Displacement Low impacts on health

B. Environmental Low impacts on surface water Moderate impacts on ground water Low impacts on air quality Low impacts on noise Moderate impacts on solid waste




6.6 Chitradurga

6.6.1Introduction

Chitradurga is located in South East of Karnataka at about 200 Km from Bangalore. Chitradurga is the district head quarters. It is connected with National Highway 4 and National Highway 7. The city is situated at latitude 14 degrees 15’ North and longitude 76 degrees and 25’ East. The main agricultural activity around Chitradurga is cotton, coconut and vegetables. There are a number of educational institutions under the jurisdiction of the city. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 104345Population, 2001 122545Annual Population Growth Rate 1.74%Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 15.75No. Wards 35No. Of Households 18589Religions 85% Hindu, 10%Muslims,

5%ChristiansSCs and STs 15.37 & 7.76No. of Slums 13Slum Population 21000

Land value: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB.Area Rate Range in Rs. Per Sft.Bangalore-Davanagere Road 1200/-Santehonda Road 500/-Kawadagarahatti 30/-


The climate of the city is marked by hot in summer, low rainfall and moderate winter. The winter season lasts from December to February, while the summer starts in March and lasts upto June. The Monsoon season from June to September is characterised by the South West Monsoons.

Temperature Maximum 30. 70 C

Minimum 20.00 CRainfall 867.1 mmHumidity (%) 12.8%

Topography of Chitradurga is plain. The soils are black cotton.





The Chitradurga has its own historical importance. The fort called “Yelusuttina Kote” is a major historical place and tourist centre. The fort is located almost at the heart of the city. There are other small old temples like Ekanteswari and Uchingilamma Temple. 6.6.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThere are different types of water supplies in operation in the town. They are PWS, MWS, and Hand pumps. The seasonal source of water supply is from Cehinironda, Chadravallikere (3km), Sulayakere and Vani Vilas Sagar. Vani Vilas Sagar is the biggest Lake/Reservoir in the state, which is yet to be complete. The other water supply source in Chitradurga is from Manikarvi is about 40 km from city.

B. Sewerage

There is no sewerage system in the town. There are 9 public conveniences. They are located at different places in the city namely, Opposite to Hospital, opposite to court, Municipality office, Rangainbagulu, Gandhi market, Sehinirona, urginihatti circle and in private bus stand.

C. Solid wasteThe present arrangement of collection is through dustbin and door-to-door collection. The town generates about 50 tons/day of solid wastes and disposes 45 tons/day. There are two resident welfare associations which are actively working in the solid waste collection. There are 2 mini lorries, 2 hydraulic lorries and 2 tractors for transport. This waste is dumped at old Bangalore Road and there is no treatment.

D. Roads:The details of roads in the city is as belowType of road Length in

KmBT Road 7.2 KmCC Road 1.08 kmMetal Road 13.08 km

E. Municipal AmenitiesThere are three vegetable markets in the town situated at Gandhi Market, Santhegunda and Tyagaraj Market. One mutton market located at Prasanna Talkies Road and one fish market is at New Sante Maidan. One slaughterhouse is at the beside the mutton




market. There are 9 community halls in the Chitradurga town. These halls are located at 1. Nehru Nagar, 2. C.K.Puram Extension, 3. Beside Ambedkar Kalyan Mantap, 4. New Santhe Maidan, 5. Chelgudda, 6. Jatpat Nagar, 7. Kabira Nagar, 8. Painting Mahal, and 9. Mahatma Gandhi Nagar. There is a private bus stand in the town.

There are 9 Parks and Gardens in Chitradurga. They are situated at 1. Govt. Hospital, 2. Library Park, 3. D.C. Office, 4. Union Park, near bus stand, 5. JCR Extension, 6. Housing Board (2Nos.), 8. Ambedkar Kalyan and 9. Joginmetti.



A. Income and Expenditure PatternsHousehold income and expenditure

Income Expenditure

Range in Rs. Frequen

cyPerce

ntFrequen

cyPerce

ntLess than Rs1500 12 9.68 10 8.06Rs1500 - 5000 53 42.74 77 62.10Above Rs5000 59 47.58 37 29.84Total 124 100 124 100


Service Goo

dSatisfacto

rySame as Before Bad

Can't Say

Water Supply 4.03 20.97 13.7157.2

6 4.03

Sewerage / UGD10.4

8 20.16 10.4836.2

9 22.58

Sewerage treatment 4.03 16.13 13.7154.0

3 12.10

Strom Water Drainage 3.23 24.19 12.1046.7

7 13.71

Roads10.4

8 25.81 27.4230.6

5 5.65

Street lighting23.3

9 36.29 13.7122.5

8 4.03

Solid Waste Collection 0.81 26.61 23.3936.2

9 12.90

Solid Waste Disposal 1.61 25.00 24.1945.1

6 4.03

Markets12.9

0 20.16 42.7411.2

9 12.10

Parks & Gardens 0.81 22.58 23.3916.1

3 37.10

Burial Ground 4.84 28.23 27.4216.1

3 22.58




Ease in remitting Payments 2.42 40.32 15.32 8.06 33.87Response to Complaints 3.23 16.94 18.55

25.00 35.48

Grievance Redressal 4.03 25.81 15.3237.9

0 16.94

Public relations 4.03 25.00 16.1320.1

6 34.68



Percentage Range Frequency Percent0 – 5 9 11.545 – 10 14 17.9510 – 20 32 41.0320 – 30 18 23.0830 & above 5 6.41Total 78 100

Infrastructure Cess (new concept)Willingness to pay for infrastructure cess/year

Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent

Less than Rs 100 5 4.39Rs 100- 200 57 50.00Rs 200- 300 29 25.44Rs 300- 400 15 13.16Rs 400 & above 8 7.02Total 114 100


Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent

Rs 25 11 10.19Rs 25 -50 49 45.37Rs 50 – 75 16 14.81Rs 75 – 100 24 22.22Rs 100 & above 8 7.41Total 108 100

Solid Waste Collection Tax (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW facility/month

Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent

Rs 5 5 4.20Rs 5- 10 32 26.89




Rs 10 – 15 57 47.90Rs 15 & above 25 21.01Total 119 100


The Public Consultation meeting was held on 16 Jan 2004. The following are the sub-projects proposed by the participants during the meeting and during surveys. Water Supply Under Ground Drainage Roads Museum and Library Shopping/official complexes Marriage Hall Park and Garden Vegetable/Fist/Meat Market

6.6.6 Issues Specific to ULB

The present practice of dumping the solid waste around the town should be discontinued.

The citizens feel that the fort can generate tourist revenue for the town.



A. Social Moderate land appropriation Low Displacement Low impacts on health

B. Environmental Low impacts on surface water Moderate impacts on ground water Low impacts on air quality Low impacts on noise Moderate impacts on solid waste




6.7 Chittapur

6.7.1 Introduction

Chittapur is located in the northern part of Karnataka in Gulbarga district. Chittapur is 45 Km away from Gulbarga and is about 620 Km from Bangalore. The main agricultural activities around the Chittapur are Jowar, Bengal gram, Green gram and other crops including vegetables, etc. The main industries in Chittapur are Dal processing industries and Shahabad Stone Polishing industries. There are 5 schools and 2 colleges in the ULB. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population, 1991 22,350Population, 2001 26,974Annual Population Growth Rate 2.06Total ULB Area, Sq. Km 17.40No. Of wards 21No. Of Households Approx. 5,000Religions 63% Hindus, 35% Muslim. 2% ChristianSCs and STs SCs – 14% (and almost no STs) No. Of slums 11Slum Population 7,990

Land Values: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB.Area Rate Range in Rs. Per Sft,Talkies Road, Cloth Market. 40/-Nagavi Tanda, Kelgeri Area, Gadwal Masjid Area

25/-

Shahabad Road, Darga Area 15/-


The general climate of the Chittapur is hot with maximum and minimum temperature during summer being 46 and 38 degrees Celsius and during winter 27 and 18 degrees Celsius. The Topography of Chittapur plain surrounded by plain area. The major mineral resource found in this area is Shahabad stone. The soils are black cotton soils.

Ground water is available at a depth of about 150 to 250 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking. Kagina River, which is seasonal, passes through at about 7 km from the ULB.

There is no reserve forest or any eco-sensitive zone in the immediate vicinity of Chittapur.

Nagavi Yellamma Temple is the major temple in the town. Also there are some small temples and mosques catering to the religious needs of different communities.




6.7.3 Utilities

A. Water Supply

There are different types of water supply systems in operation in the ULB. They are PWS and handpumps. The main source of supply is surface water from Kagina River. Frequency of water supply is daily. There are four overhead tanks catering to the distribution needs. The water supplied is not treated. The total quantity of water supplied to the public is about 5.50 MLD.

B. Sewerage

There is no sewerage system in the ULB.

C. Solid Waste Management

The town generates about 3 TPD of solid waste, out of this about 1.50 TPD of waste is collected and disposed. Present arrangement of the collection through dustbins and dumping away the collected waste away from the town. There are no motorized tractors for the collection and transport. This necessitates hiring tractors for collection.

D. Roads

The detail of roads in the city is as below

Type of Roads Length in kmBT Road 11Metal Road 6.50Mud Road 3CC Road 11.50


There are 3 municipal markets in the city, viz. 1 vegetable market and 2 meat markets. The ULB has one slaughterhouse with no waste treatment facility.

6.7.4 Results of Socio-economic Surveys

The results and findings of the socio-economic surveys are enumerated below:




Less than Rs 1500 32 24.43 45 34.35




Rs1500 – 5000 75 57.25 79 60.31Rs5000 & above 24 18.32 7 5.34Total 131 100 131 100


ServiceGoo

dSatisfact

orySame as before Bad Can't say

water supply29.0

1 46.56 3.0520.61 0.76


82.44 13.74

Roads14.5

0 12.21 2.2970.23 0.76

Street lighting16.0

3 33.59 049.62 0.76

Solid waste collection 2.29 0.76

83.21 13.74

Solid waste disposal 0.76 0.7696.18 2.29

Markets 0 1.53 48.0948.09 2.29

Parks & Gardens 0 0 9.1636.64 54.20

Burial Ground 0.76 6.11 40.4645.04 7.63


31.30 28.24

Response to complaints 0 25.95 14.50

40.46 19.08





Percentage Range No Percent0 – 5 37 38.545 – 10 30 31.2510 – 20 22 22.9220 – 30 5 5.2130 & above 2 2.08

Total 96 100


Range in Rs. No Percent






Range in Rs. No PercentRs 25 43 42.16Rs 25 -50 42 41.18Rs 50 – 75 17 16.67Total 102 100

Solid Waste Collection Tariff (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW/month



The wish list was generated during the public consultation and surveys. The public consultation was conducted on 08 January 2004.

Water Supply improvements Solid Waste Management including landfills Improvements to Roads Schools, Libraries and Playground Hospital Burial Ground and Crematorium Park and Garden Street light Under Ground Sewerage Marriage hall/Community hall Commercial/Office complexes with Vegetable / Fish / Meat Markets

6.7.6 Social, Environmental and Other Issues in ULBs

The prominent persons would like the old bridge connecting two parts of the ULB be repaired

The citizens want a rail over bridge for pedestrian to cross the railway station. The councilors want to make use of the land belonging to Mahila Mandal and

provide them with opportunities for earning.




The citizens propose public private partnerships in developing markets. The private persons could provide the land and ULB could build the facilities under an agreement



A. Social Moderate land appropriation Low Displacement Low loss of livelihoods





6.8 Dodballapur

6.8.1 Introduction

Dodballapur is located in South Karnataka in Bangalore Rural district at about 42 km away from Bangalore. The main agricultural activity around Dodballapur is Ragi, Jowar, Sugarcane and other vegetables. There are 13 schools and 3 colleges in the city. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 71,509Population, 2001 75,000Annual Population Growth Rate 0.48%Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 18 Sq. kmNo. Wards 31No. Of Households 14,410Religions 75% Hindu, 20%Muslims,

5%ChristiansSCs and STs SC 30% and ST – NilNo. of Slums 9Slum Population 10,650


SFt.Market Area Res: 250/-, Commercial:

400/-Car street, Kuchappa pet Res: 150/-, Commercial:

250/-Vidya Nagar Res: 50/-, Commercial: 100/-


General climate of the city is cool with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 35 and 28 degrees and in winter 28 and 23 degrees Celsius. Topography of Dodballapur is plain. The soils are red.

Ground water is available at depths of about 500 to 750 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.

There are two historical places nearby the town. One is Nandi Hills, which is about 16 km and the other is Subramanya Temple which is about 14 km.




6.8.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThe source of water supply is bore wells. The frequency of water supply in the town is once in two days for a duration of about one hour.

B. Sewerage

There is no sewage facility in the town.

C. Solid waste

The town generates about 40 tons/day of soils wastes and disposes 40 tons. The present arrangements for the collection are through dustbins and Door to Door to collection. There are 4 tractors with the municipality. This waste is dumped in an open space at about 6 kms from the city.

D. Roads

The details of roads in the city is as below


BT Road 26.2KmMetal road 8.68 kmCC Road 1.96 kmMud road 10.44 km


There are 2 vegetable markets near old bus stand and at Hemavathipet. There are four community halls located at Kumberpet, Kachiripalya, Veerabadrapalya and Mutturu.



A. Income and Expenditure PatternsHousehold income and expenditure

Range in Rs. Income Expenditure

Frequen

cyPerce

ntFrequen

cyPerce

ntLess than Rs1500 21 13.64 36 23.38Rs1500 - 5000 86 55.84 86 55.84Above Rs5000 47 30.52 32 20.78




Total 154 100 154 100


Services Goo

dSatisfacto


Can't Say

Water Supply14.9

4 39.61 12.9930.5

2 1.95

Sewerage / UGD 0.00 2.60 14.2964.9

4 18.18


7 9.09


2 8.44

Roads14.9

4 55.84 14.2914.9

4 0.00

Street lighting11.6

9 70.78 5.1911.6

9 0.65


6 2.60


6 1.95

Markets 3.90 12.99 53.2527.2

7 2.60

Parks & Gardens 0.00 1.95 42.2124.6

8 31.17

Burial Ground 8.44 10.39 54.5518.8

3 7.79Ease in remitting Payments 3.25 68.18 9.09 8.44 11.04Response to Complaints 0.65 51.30 20.13

18.18 9.74


6 8.44


3 9.74





Range in Rs. Frequency Percent






Range in Rs. Frequency PercentRs 25 17 12.32Rs 25 -50 70 50.72Rs 50 – 75 36 26.09Rs 75 – 100 11 7.97Rs 100 & above 4 2.90Total 138 100


Range in Rs. Frequency PercentRs 5 17 12.32Rs 5- 10 66 47.83Rs 10 – 15 46 33.33Rs 15 & above 9 6.52Total 138 100



Water Supply improvements Solid Waste Management including landfills Improvements to Roads Under Ground Sewerage Community hall


The citizens want the water to be treated before supply. They wish they had surface water source.

The demand for shopping complexes has decreased due to the proximity to Bangalore.






A. Social Moderate land appropriation Low Displacement Low loss of livelihoods





6.9 Hassan

6.9.1 Introduction

The city of Hassan is located in south central Karnataka; midway between Bangalore and Mangalore. Hassan is the district headquarters of Hassan district. It is about 183 Km from Bangalore city. It is well connected by both national (NH48) and state highways. Hassan city has a railway station connecting Bangalore and Mangalore.

The main agricultural activity around Hassan is Coffee and Potato. Other crops include vegetables like cucumber, etc. Hassan is the main business centre for the whole district. It has a vibrant economy with city being busy with trading activities.

There are a good number of educational institutions in and around the city with about 15 colleges within Hassan city. Apart from this, there are some key central government installations like satellite tracking centre of the Indian Space Research Organisation.


Population, 1991 90,522Population, 2001 121,908Annual Population Growth Rate

3.46

Total ULB Area, Sq. Km. 26.59No. of Wards 35No. of Households 27602Religions 65% Hindu, 25% Muslim, 10%

Christian and OthersSCs and STs SCs – 13%; STs – 12%No. of Slums 35Slum Population 37,942

Land Values: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB.Area Rate Range in Rs. Per SFt.City Centre 1000 - 1500 (Residential)

1500 - 2500 (Commercial)Housing Board Colony 200 – 500Kayampur Nagar 200-600KR Puram 250-600Pension Mohalla 90-100Hemavathy Nagar 90 – 100





The environmental profile of the ULB is given in below sub-sections.

The general climate of the city is salubrious with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer being 30 and 26 degrees Celsius and in winter being 25 and 18 degrees Celsius. The annual average rainfall is about 900 mm. Topography of Hassan is plain surrounded by plain area. There are no major mineral resources in the area. The soils are gravelly soils.

There are two rivers near Hassan; one is Hemavathy river which is about 27 Km away and the other is Yegachi river which is about 7 Km away. Groundwater table has gone done to a depth of about 350 to 600 feet. In most cases, groundwater is fit for drinking.

There is no reserve forest or any eco-sensitive zone in the immediate vicinity of Hassan city.

Hassanamba temple is the major temple in the city. Apart from this, there are other temples, mosques, churches, etc. in the city catering to the religious needs of the community. Belur (25 Km), Halebeed (30 Km) and Sravanabelagola (70 Km) are places of historical importance near by the city.

6.9.3 Utilities

A. Water Supply

There are different types of water supply systems in operation in the city. They are PWS, MWS and hand pumps. The source of supply is surface water from Hemavathy and Yegachi rivers and borewells. Frequency of water supply is daily to most localities. There are about 12 overhead tanks and a distribution system for a length of 155 Km for redistribution to various localities. Total number of households covered is about 15,350. Surface water is treated before supply. During normal days about 10.6 MLD is supplied to the city and during dry season (summer) about 6 MLD is supplied to the city.

B. Sewerage

There is a total sewerage net work of 52.9 Km in the city with two pumping stations. There is a sewage treatment system involving oxidation. The treated sewage is disposed at a distance of 5 Km from Hassan at Bittigodanahalli village.

C. Solid Waste




The city generates about 50.7 TPD of solid waste. Out of this about 36 TPD of waste is collected. Present arrangement for collection is through door-to-door collection. There are 7 motorized tractors for collection transport. There are about 20 Resident Welfare Associations presently active. These associations help supervising the door-to-door collection process. The collected solid waste is disposed at the existing disposal site. An alternate site is proposed for landfill, which is under process.

D. Roads

The details of roads in the city are as below:Type of Road Length in KmBT Road 40.81Metal Road 39.27Mud Road 57.00CC Road 0.45


There are 4 municipal markets in the city; 2 vegetable markets, 1 mutton market and 1 fish market. All these markets need improvements.

There is 1 slaughterhouse in the city. Presently there is no waste treatment facility at this facility. This facility needs improvements in terms of modern equipment for processing and waste treatment.

There are 3 major parks in the city called Maharaja park, Shankaripuram park and Swathantra park. Apart from these, there is a swimming pool and a yoga mandira too in the city.


The salient features of the survey and findings are presented below:


A. Income and expenditure patternsMonthly household Income and expenditure details







ServicesGoo

dSatisfact

orySame as before Bad Can’t say

Water supply14.3

4 43.43 17.9321.91 2.39

Sewerage/UGD18.3

3 45.82 5.9817.53 12.35

Sewage treatment 8.37 24.7 16.3337.85 12.75


29.48 24.70

Roads19.1

2 26.69 22.3131.08 0.80

Street lighting33.8

6 49.40 3.9811.16 1.59

Solid waste collection

16.73 28.29 13.15

29.48 12.35

Solid waste disposal15.9

4 28.69 13.5531.08 10.76

Markets 3.59 22.31 64.148.76 1.2

Parks & Gardens 2.39 9.96 33.4721.12 33.07

Burial Grounds 8.37 36.65 21.9112.35 20.72

Ease in remitting Payments

13.15 43.43 16.33

3.59 23.51

Response to Complaints

11.16 33.07 7.97

12.75 35.06

Grievance Redressal14.3

4 33.47 7.1713.55 31.47

Public Relations13.5

5 31.08 8.3710.36 36.65





Range in Rs. No PercentLess than Rs 100 8 3.29Rs 100- 200 73 30.04Rs 200- 300 134 55.14Rs 300- 400 21 8.64




Rs 400 & above 7 2.88Total 243 100



Solid Waste Collection Tariff (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW /month




Water Supply improvements to extension areas Solid Waste Management including landfills Slaughter House Improvements to Roads Improvements and extension to Sewerage including STP Improvements to Storm Water Drainage Commercial/Office complexes with Vegetable / Fish / Meat Markets

6.9.6 Issues Specific to the ULB

Hassan is a city with most of the infrastructure in place. It requires only improvements and extension to peripheral areas.

Solid Waste Management through resident welfare associations is already in practice in Hassan. This system can be strengthened in the present project.

The ULBs markets are in a low lying area in the heart of the city. This part gets inundated during rains. Remodeling and improvements to storm water drainage is required in these areas.

Hassan requires a modern slaughter house. The ULB has land allocated for this purpose.






A. Social Moderate land appropriation Low Displacement Low impacts on livelihoods

B. Environmental Low impacts on surface water Low impacts on ground water Low impacts on air quality Low impacts on noise Low impacts on solid waste




6.10 Kolar

6.10.1 Introduction

Kolar is located in South Karnataka at about 70 Km from Bangalore. Kolar is the district head quarters. It is located on National Highway 4 connecting Bangalore and Chennai. Kolar has a railway station and the nearby airport is at Bangalore. The main agricultural activities around Kolar are Paddy, Ragi and vegetables. There are 25 educational institutions which includes schools and colleges. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 83,219Population, 2001 1,13,299Annual Population Growth Rate 3.64Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 12No. Wards 31No. Of Households 17,270Religions 70% Hindu, 15%Muslims,

15%ChristiansSCs and STs 15% and 5%No. of Slums 9Slum Population 20,323

Land value: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB.Area Rate Range in Rs. Per Sft.Dodpet, Ganeshabnagudi, MG Road, MB Road and Ammavarpet

Commercial: 1200/- Residential: 390/-

Chickaballapur Road, Kolar Kasaba

Commercial:120/-Residential: 75-95/-

Kadripura Commercial: 225/-Residential: 46/-


General climate of the city is dry with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 250 and 170degrees and in winter 230 and 150 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 800 mm. Topography of Kolar is plain. The soils are black cotton, red and sandy.

Ground water is available at a depth of about 550 to 800 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking and nearly 25% of the borewells have fluoride content.




There are two old temples in Kolar city, viz. Kolaramma Temple and Someshwara Temple. 6.10.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThere are different types of water supply in operation in the town. They are PWS, MWS, and Hand pumps. The source of water supply is from surface tanks and borewells. There are two surface tanks located at Amerahalli and Madiarhalli are 4km and 5 km respectively. The frequency of water supply varies by location in the town.

B. SewerageKolar has UGD facility. The total network of UGD covers about 20% of the town and UGD work is in progress in remaining 80% of the area.

C. Solid wasteThe present arrangement for collection of solid waste is through dustbins at street level. The town generates about 60 tons/day of solid waste and disposes 25 tons/day. There are no resident welfare associations actively working in the solid waste collection. There are 4 tractors and 1 tipper with the municipality. There is no particular place for dumping.

D. Roads

The details of roads in the city is as below


BT Road 60 KmCC Road 5 kmMetal Road 71 kmMud Road 30 km


There are 2 vegetable markets and 4 meat markets. The vegetable markets are situated at Dodpeta Main Road and Ammavari pet. The 4 meat markets are located at Ammavari pet, Phulshah Mohalla, Near Clock Tower and Arlapeta Main Road. There is a slaughterhouse at Phulshah Mohalla.

There is a Municipal Bus Stand and a Ranga Mandira. One Ambedkar Bhavana is under construction. There are three community halls located at Gandhi Nagar, Jayanagar, and Tamka area.






A. Income and Expenditure PatternsMonthly Household Income and ExpenditureRange in Rs. Income Expenditure

No Percent No PercentLess than Rs1500 22 12.09 51 28.02Rs1500 – 5000 108 59.34 110 60.44Above Rs5000 52 28.57 21 11.54Total 182 100 182 100.00


ServicesGood

Satisfactory

Same as Before Bad

Can't Say

Water Supply 1.10 54.40 15.3828.57 0.55

Sewerage / UGD 1.10 15.38 42.3141.21 0

Sewerage treatment 0 21.98 40.1137.91 0


36.26 0.00

Roads 1.65 56.59 24.1817.58 0


9 0Solid Waste Collection 0.00 15.38 39.56

45.05 0.00

Solid Waste Disposal 0 19.78 35.71

44.51 0.00

Markets 0.00 17.03 47.2535.71 0.00

Parks & Gardens 0 20.88 43.4132.97 2.75

Burial Grounds 0.00 23.08 37.3630.77 8.79


22.53 11.54

Response to Complaints 0 37.91 29.67

28.02 4.40




Property Tax




Willingness to pay more property Tax / Year Percentage Range No Percent0 – 5 2 1.65 – 10 33 26.410 – 20 49 39.220 – 30 30 2430 & above 11 8.8Total 125 100






Range in Rs. No PercentRs 5 2 1.14Rs 5- 10 98 56Rs 10 – 15 52 29.71Rs 15 & above 23 13.14Total 175 100


The wish list was generated during the public consultation and surveys. The public consultation was conducted on 29 January 2004. Water Supply (Water Tankers) Resurfacing of Roads




Solid Waste Management UGD Street lights Road Over Bridge Parks and Garden


Kolar has a water supply problem as the surface tanks gets dry during summer and are dependent on monsoons. The citizens suggest that the municipality should procure water tankers for supply of water.

The municipality has no sufficient manpower and vehicles to manage the solid waste. There is no one identified official site for dumping solid waste.




B. Environmental Low impacts on surface water Low impacts on ground water Low impacts on air quality Low impacts on noise Low impacts on solid waste




6.11 Madikeri

6.11.1 Introduction

Madikeri is located in South Karnataka at about 285 km from Bangalore. Madikeri is the district head quarters of Kodagu district. Kodagu district boarders Kerala state. The main agricultural activity around Madikeri is coffee and spices. There are 9 schools and 2 Junior Colleges and 1 First Grade colleges in the town. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 28,286Population, 2001 32,286Annual Population Growth Rate 1.41%Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 17.01No. Wards 23No. Of Households 5471Religions 70% Hindu,

28%Muslims, 2%Christians

SCs and STs 10No. of Slums 6Slum Population 5298


Sft.Chowk to SBI Rs 50,000 – 1,50,000/centSubramanya Nagar, Bhagavati Nagar, Mangakladevinagar

Rs 20,000 – 45,000/cent

Hanumanth Nagar Rs 100/- cent


General climate of the city is cool with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 320 C and 180 C degrees and in winter 180 and 100 degrees Celsius. The maximum rainfall in the town is 200 mm inches and minimum is 90 mm inches. Topography of Medikeri is a hilly. The soils are red. There is a reserve forest near Madikere. Wild life could found in this forest.

The ground water is available at a depth of about 100 to 250 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.

There are some historical places in and around the town, like Museum, Gaddigay Tomb, Omkareswara Temple, water falls, etc.




6.11.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThe source of water supply is from Talakaveri River. The frequency of water supply in Madikeri town is 7 hours per day.

B. SewerageThere is no sewage system in the town.

C. Solid wasteThe present arrangement of collection of solid waste is through dustbins at street level. The town generates about 5-6 tons/day of solid waste and disposes 4-5 tons/day. There are two tractors for transportation. This waste is dumped at Kannagiri which is about 2.5 km from the town.

D. RoadsThe details of roads in the city is as belowType of road Length in

KmBT Road 40 KmCC Road 0.75 kmMud road 4 kmMetal Road 2.5 km

E. Municipal AmenitiesThere is one vegetable market, one meat market and one fish market in market area. There is one slaughterhouse in the town. There are eleven Parks and Gardens in the town located at Rajaseat, G.T.Circle (2Nos), Town Hall (3Nos), Gowlibeedhi, Ranipet, and Mai Road (2Nos.). There are two community halls, one is located beside TMC and other is at Chamundeswara Nagar. There is one parking lot near bus stand, one civil bus stop near KSRTC and one bus terminal.



A. Income and Expenditure PatternsHousehold Monthly Income and Expenditure


Frequen

cyPerce

ntFrequen

cyPerce

ntLess than Rs 1500 0 0.00 4 2.86Rs1500 - 5000 90 64.29 118 84.29Above Rs5000 50 35.71 18 12.86




Total 140 100 140 100


Service Goo

dSatisfacto


Can't Say

Water Supply12.1

4 40.71 22.8623.5

7 0.71

Sewerage / UGD 2.86 3.57 22.8658.5

7 12.14


6 5.00


0 5.00

Roads13.5

7 54.29 10.0022.1

4 0.00


3 17.86


6 3.57


7 3.57

Markets 0.00 10.00 65.0025.0

0 0.00

Parks & Gardens 3.57 8.57 55.7118.5

7 13.57

Burial Grounds 3.57 10.71 57.1426.4

3 2.14Ease in remitting Payments 7.86 43.57 25.71

13.57 9.29

Response to Complaints 0.71 35.71 27.86

26.43 9.29


3 6.43


3 9.29





Range in Frequency Percent




Rs. Less than Rs 100 5 3.65Rs 100- 200 27 19.71Rs 200- 300 74 54.01Rs 300- 400 16 11.68Rs 400 & above 15 10.95Total 137 100


Range in Rs. Frequency PercentRs 25 11 8.46Rs 25 -50 53 40.77Rs 50 – 75 49 37.69Rs 75 – 100 10 7.69Rs 100 & above 7 5.38Total 130 100


Range in Rs. Frequency PercentRs 5 10 7.75Rs 5- 10 64 49.61Rs 10 – 15 43 33.33Rs 15 & above 12 9.30Total 129 100


The wish list was generated during the public consultation and surveys. The public consultation was conducted on 24 January 2004. Water Supply Resurfacing of Roads Solid Waste Management UGD Street lights


The town has reserve forest nearby. Wild animals could be found in the forest.

The town is a tourist centre There is tribal population in the area.











6.12 Robertsonpet

6.12.1 Introduction

Robertsonpet is located in Southern part of Karnataka in Kolar district and is about 33 km away from district head quarters. It is 100 kms away from Bangalore. The main agricultural activity around Robertsonpet is Ragi and Groundnut. There are 15 educational institutions, which includes schools and colleges. The main industry in this town is mining in the Kolar Gold Fields, Bharath Earth Movers Limited and associate industries. The mining activity is almost coming to a close. Therefore, people are migrating to other places. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:Population 1991 1,51,794Population, 2001 1,41,294Annual Population Growth Rate -0.69%Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 58.12 Sq kmNo. Wards 35No. Of Households 12,000Religions 80% Hindu, 10%Muslims,

10%ChristiansSCs and STs 80% and No STNo. of Slums 12Slum Population 7100


SFt.Surajmal circle to Gandhi circle Commercial-Rs 660

Residential-Rs 457Surajmal Circle to King George Rd, BM Road,

Rs 268

Gold Field Area Rs 11Geetha Road, King George hall to Sri Lord Venkatramanna Temple

Rs 275

Andersonpet Main Road Rs 220


General climate of the city is cool with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 310 and 200degrees and in winter 160 and 140 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 800 mm. Topography of Robertsonpet is plain. The soils are red and clayey.

Ground water is available at a depth of about 200 to 500 feet. In most cases, ground water is rarely fit for drinking.




6.12.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThere are different types of water supply in operation in the town. They are PWS, MWS, and Hand pumps. The source of water supply is Bettamangala Reservoir, which is 13 km away from Robertsonpet, and ground water from bore wells.

B. SewerageThere is no sewage facility in the town.

C. Solid wasteThe town generates about 34 tons/day of solid waste and disposes 28 tons. The present arrangements for the collection are through dustbins and Door to Door to collection. There are two tractors and one truck.


KmBT Road 58KmMetal road 56 kmCC Road 18.6 kmMud road 32 km

E. Municipal AmenitiesThere are two municipal markets in the city with vegetable markets. There is one civil bus stop and a parking lot. Four parks and gardens are there in this ULB namely Ambedkar Park, Subhash Chandra Bose Park, Nehru Park and fourth one is in the municipal Office.

6.12.4 Results of Socio-economic Survey Sample Size: 133 Households

A. Income and Expenditure PatternsMonthly Household Income and

Expenditure

Range in Rs. Income Expenditur

e No Percent No PercentLess than Rs1500 18 13.53 32 24.06Rs1500 - 5000 88 66.17 88 66.17Above Rs5000 27 20.30 13 9.77Total 133 100 133 100.00

B. Level of Satisfaction with Present Services




Level of Satisfaction for the services provided

ServiceGood

Satisfactory

Same as Before Bad

Can't Say

Water Supply11.2

8 28.57 18.8040.60 0.75

Sewerage / UGD 0 3.76 50.3845.86 0

Sewerage treatment 1.50 28.57 35.34

34.59 0


33.08 0.75

Roads 9.77 43.61 26.3220.30 0

Street lighting12.7

8 66.17 9.7711.28 0

Solid Waste Collection 3.76 20.30 43.61

32.33 0.00

Solid Waste Disposal 3.76 19.55 45.11

31.58 0.00

Markets 0.75 7.52 63.9126.32 1.50

Parks & Gardens 0 6.02 60.9027.07 6.02

Burial Grounds 1.50 11.28 54.1429.32 3.76

Ease in making Payments 63.91 9.77

14.29 12.03


26.32 3.01

Grievance Redressal 2.26 23.31 27.07

46.62 0.75

Public relations 2.26 40.60 27.0729.32 0.75


Property TaxWillingness to pay more property Tax /

Year Percentage Range No Percent5 – 10 6 6.1910 – 20 55 56.7020 – 30 30 30.9330 & above 6 6.19Total 97 100

Infrastructure Cess (new concept)Willingness to pay more Infrastructure

cess / Year Range in Rs. No PercentRs 100- 200 26 20Rs 200- 300 83 63.85Rs 300- 400 19 14.62




Rs 400 & above 2 1.54Total 130 100

Water TariffWillingness to pay more Water Tax /

month Range in Rs. No PercentRs 25 16 12.21Rs 25 -50 47 35.88Rs 50 – 75 19 14.50Rs 75 – 100 38 29.01Rs 100 & above 11 8.40Total 131 100

Solid Waste Collection Tax (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW facility /

month Range in Rs. No PercentRs 5 6 4.55Rs 5- 10 67 50.76Rs 10 - 15 49 37.12Rs 15 & above 10 7.58Total 132 100


The wish list was generated during the public consultation and surveys. The public consultation was conducted on 31 January 2004. UGD Roads Water Supply Ring Road Parking /Shopping complex Park and Garden


The mining industry in the area is on the verge of closing down and the same is the case with other industries in the town. This has resulted in out migration.

Due to the presence of industries there are several languages and cultures in the town.



A. Social Migration




Low Displacement Low impacts on livelihoods





6.13 Savanoor

6.13.1 Introduction

Savanur is located in Haveri district of Karnataka and is around 12 km from NH4 on the right while traveling from Bangalore to Pune. Savanur is about 32 km from Haveri and 360 km from Bangalore City.

The main agricultural activity around the Savanur is Chillies, Groundnut, Cotton and other crops including vegetables. The majority of the Savanur people especially the women are engaged in Beedi making. There are about 10 schools and 2 colleges in the ULB.


Population, 1991 29,699Population, 2001 35,561Annual Population Growth Rate 1.97Total ULB Area, Sq. Km 5.49No. Of wards 23No. Of Households 6,630Religions 40% Hindus, 58% Muslim. 2%

ChristianSCs and STs SCs – 12% and STsNo. Of slums 4Slum Population 9,000

Land Values: The following are the prevailing rate ranges for various localities in the ULB

Area Rate Range in Rs. Per Sft,Market Rd., APMC Yard., Lalshangatti 106/-Govt. Hospital Area, Zumma Bazar, Buduwar Pet

50/-

Waddar Oni, Joshi Oni, Khadar Bagh 16-17/-


The general climate of the Savanur Town is dry with maximum and minimum temperature during the summer being 35 and 20 degree Celsius and in winter 25 and 15 degrees Celsius. Topography of Savanur Town is plain. There are no major mineral resources around Savanur. The soils are black cotton and red soils.

Ground water is available at a depth of about 300 - 500 feet. In most cases, ground water is not fit for drinking due to brackishness. The seasonal Varada River passes through at about 10 km away from the ULB.




There is no reserve forest or any Eco-sensitive zone in the immediate vicinity of Savanur Town.

The cultural monument in Savanur was Satyambodh math. There is dilapidated fort wall around the ULB. There are trees at Savanoor which have historical importance and are known as Mbaobob trees and these type of trees are found in the Africa. Apart from these, there are other small temples and mosques in the town catering to the religious needs of different communities.

6.13.3 Utilities

A. Water Supply

There are different types of water supply systems in operation in the town. They are PWS, MWS and handpumps. The source of supply is surface water from Varada River and borewells. Frequency of water supply in this town is once in 20 days. There is one overhead tank. There water is not treated.

B. Sewerage

There is no Under Ground Sewerage facility in the town.

C. Solid Waste Management

The town generates about 4.5 TPD of solid waste, out of this about 1.4 TPD of waste is collected and disposed. Present arrangement of collection is through the dustbins and dumping at Chillur is 3 km away from the ULB. There are 2 motorized tractors for the collection and transport. There are no resident welfare associations presently active.

D. Roads

Roads: The detail of roads in the city is as below:

Type of Road Length in kmBT Road 7.90 Metal Road 7.20Mud Road 8.00

E. Municipality’s Amenities

There are 4 municipal markets in the ULB, viz. 1 vegetable market, 2 meat markets and 1 fish market. The ULB has two slaughterhouses with no waste treatment facility.


The results of socio-economic and willingness to pay surveys are presented below:









Service GoodSatisfacto

rySame as before Bad

Can't say

Water supply 0 2.17 5.07 91.3 1.45Strom water drainage 0 2.17 3.62 80.43 13.77Roads 4.35 13.77 12.32 68.84 0.72Street lighting 9.42 50.00 10.14 29.71 0.72Solid waste collection 0 1.45 5.07 63.04 30.43Solid waste disposal 0 1.45 5.07 73.19 20.29Markets 0 3.62 59.42 33.33 2.90Burial Grounds 2.17 18.12 29.71 32.61 17.39Ease in remitting Payments 1.45 42.75 6.52 9.42 39.86Response to complaints 0 3.62 23.19 23.19 50.00Grievance Redressal 0 3.62 23.91 33.33 39.13Public relations 0.72 5.80 23.19 21.74 48.55

C. Willingness to pay (over and above present tax)


Percentage Range No Percent0 – 5 16 15.385 – 10 43 41.3510 – 20 35 33.6520 – 30 8 7.6930 & above 2 1.92Total 104 100.00

Infrastructure Cess (new concept) Willingness to pay infrastructure cess/year

Range in Rs. No PercentLess than Rs 100 20 15.38Rs 100- 200 38 29.23Rs 200- 300 18 13.85Rs 300- 400 54 41.54Total 130 100






Solid Waste Collection Tariff (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW/month



Public Consultation meeting at Savanoor was held on 30th Jan 2004. The following are the projects proposed by the participants during the meeting and during surveys.

Under Ground Sewerage Improvements to Roads Water Supply Improvements Street Lighting


Savanoor has no surface water sources nearby for improving the present water supply. The nearest river is Varada which is seasonal. A totally new water supply scheme combining surface and ground water might be of help to tide over the water scarcity.

The storm water drainage in Savanoor can be improved using the old drain which runs through the town.











6.14 Sakleshpur

6.14.1 Introduction

Sakleshpur is located in South Central Karnataka in Hasan district on Hasan - Mangalore road at about 40 km from Hasan. It is 225km away from Bangalore. It is located on National Highway 48, i.e., Bangalore-Mangalore Road. The main agricultural activity in and around Sakleshpur is coffee, paddy and vegetables. There are 12 schools and 3 colleges this town. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 22,000Population, 2001 28,201Annual Population Growth Rate 2.82 %Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 24No. Wards 23No. Of Households 3,484Religions 80% Hindu, 15%Muslims,

5%ChristiansSCs and STs 15% and 5%No. of Slums 2Slum Population 15,000


SFt.Adjacent to National Highway Rs 500Laxmipuram Rs.200Malikarjuna nagar, Hanumanth Nagar

Rs.150

Azad Road Rs.150


The General climate of the city is cool with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 220 and 180 degrees and in winter 150 and 120 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 2340 mm. Topography of Sakleshpur is hilly. The soils are black cotton and red.





There is reserve forest at about 25 km from the town which is known as Kempolair forest. There are also Chamidi and Shirdgatta forests nearby. Wild life could be found these forests.

The historical places in and around the town are Manjurabad fort and Sakleswara Temple.

6.14.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThere are different types of water supply in operation in the town. They are PWS, MWS, and Hand pumps. The source of water supply is from River Hemavathi that passes through the town and is nearly perennial. The frequency of supply is daily.


C. Solid wasteThe present arrangement of collection is through dustbin and door-to-door collection. The town generates about 4000 kg/day solid waste and the same quantity is disposed. There are two tractors for transportation. This waste is dumped at near Azad road.


KmBT Road 10 KmMetal Road 50 km

E. Municipal AmenitiesThere is one vegetable market, one meat market and one fish market in the town. There is one town hall and one bus stand. There is one parking lot near bus stand, one civil bus stop near KSRTC and one bus terminal.




Range in Rs. Income Expenditure No Percent No PercentLess than Rs1500 16 14.55 31 28.18Rs1500 – 60 54.55 60 54.55




5000Above Rs5000 34 30.91 19 17.27Total 110 100


ServiceGood

Satisfactory

Same as Before Bad

Can't Say

Water Supply 6.36 65.45 202.7

3 5.45Sewerage / UGD 6.36 20.91 28.18 10 34.55

Sewerage treatment 5.45 27.27 25.4520.91 20.91

Strom Water Drainage 10 34.55 13.64

19.09 22.73

Roads19.0

9 28.18 23.6428.18 0.91

Street lighting 40 52.73 2.733.6

4 0.91Solid Waste Collection 6.36 50 10

13.64 20

Solid Waste Disposal 4.55 50.91 9.09 20 15.45

Markets 0.91 12.73 78.183.6

4 4.55

Parks & Gardens 0.91 6.36 404.5

5 48.18

Burial Grounds 3.64 40 46.362.7


5.45 11.82

Response to Complaints

12.73 27.27 16.36

10.91 32.73

Grievance Redressal12.7

3 29.09 16.3612.73 29.09

Public relations16.3

6 29.09 12.7311.82 30




Infrastructure Cess (new concept)




Willingness to pay more Infrastructure cess / Year Range in Rs. No PercentLess than Rs 100 4 3.81Rs 100- 200 30 28.57Rs 200- 300 58 55.24Rs 300- 400 10 9.52Rs 400 & above 3 2.86Total 105 100






Public Consultation meeting was held on 15 January 2004. The following are the projects proposed by the participants during the meeting and during surveys.

Improvements to Water Supply Sewage/Sanitation Improvement in the Solid Waste Management Schools/ Library/ Playground Park and Garden Roads and Foot path Storm Water Drains Marriage hall/ Community hall Car Parking/ Commercial/Office complexes Vegetable Market, Slaughter house and stalls





The town is surrounded by forests. There are tribals living around the area. 6.14.7 Assessment of Impacts







6.15 Shimoga

6.15.1 Introduction

Shimoga is located in central Karnataka at about 274 km from Bangalore. Shimoga is the district head quarters. This town is spread in an area of about 50 Sq.km. with 35 wards and 30 slums. Shimoga is situated on the banks of river Tunga at a longitude of 760

27E and latitude of 130 50’ N and located at an altitude of 578.89 meter above mean sea level. The main agricultural activity around Shimoga is nut, Ragi, coconut and vegetables. There are 237 educational institutions in the city includes schools and colleges. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population, 1991 221860Population, 2001 274102Annual Population Growth Rate 2.35Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 50No. of Wards 35No. of Households 42267Religions 75% Hindu, 20%Muslims,

5%ChristiansSCs and STs SCs 10.18%, STs 2.22%No. of Slums 30Slum Population 27450


SFt.Devaraj Urs Layout Rs 75BH Road (Bus Stand to A Circle) Rs 1200Lal Bondukere Street Rs 50Sivamurthy Circle Rs 605


General climate of the city is moderate. The recorded maximum and minimum temperatures are 400C and 90C. The annual rainfall is 1556 mm. Topography of Shimoga is plain. The soils are black cotton and sandy.

The ground water is available at a depth of about 400 to 450 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking. River Tunga is near the town at about 10 km.




Tavarikappa Lion reserve forest is at distance of about 8 km from the town.

There are Shivappa Nayak palace, Museum, Scared Heart Church, Bhumeshwar Temple and Anjaneya Temple in the town.

6.15.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThere are different sources of water in the town; from Tunga River and from Borewells. There is a Treatment Plant at Tirtahalli. A total of 450 MLD of water is supplied every day. There are 24 overhead tanks. There are 1300 public tap connections and 16818 household connections.

B. SewageThere is under ground drainage facility in this town. There is a pumping station behind Shankarmatt, which is at a distance of 3kms.

C. Solid wasteThe mode of collection of solid waste is from door to door. For this 10 pushcarts and a private tractor are used. All this waste is dumped at Topinagatta. 84 tonnes per day of total waste is generated and 95% is collected. There are 75 active residential welfare associations working.

D. RoadsThe details of roads in the city is as belowType of road Length in KmBT Road 280kmMetal road 234.10 kmMud Road 40km

E. Municipal AmenitiesThere is a mutton market and two vegetable markets in the wards 21 and 29. There is a fish market in Gandhi Bazar. There are 21 parks in this town.





Frequency

Percent

Frequency

Percent




Less than Rs1500 27 10.11 37 13.86Rs1500 – 5000 119 44.57 141 52.81Above Rs5000 121 45.32 89 33.33Total 267 100 267 100


Services GoodSatisfacto


Can't Say

Water Supply 8.61 59.18 10.1119.8

5 2.25

Sewerage / UGD 9.36 52.06 11.6116.4

8 10.49


4 11.61


4 4.49

Roads10.8

6 54.31 11.6123.2

2 0

Street lighting14.2

3 74.16 6.74 4.87 0


3 6.74Solid Waste Disposal 5.25 65.17 8.24 16.1 5.24

Markets 2.25 31.45 49.4413.8

6 3Parks & Gardens 1.12 35.96 29.21 13.1 20.61

Burial Grounds 1.12 48.69 19.8510.1

2 20.22Ease in remitting Payments 2.25 69.66 4.87 2.62 20.6

Response to Complaints 3.37 40.82 11.2416.4

8 28.09


5 19.1


6 26.59



Percentage Range

Frequency Percent

0 – 5 8 4.945 – 10 38 23.4610 – 20 68 41.9820 – 30 35 21.6030 & above 13 8.02Total 162 100

Infrastructure Cess (new concept)




Willingness to pay for infrastructure cess/year

Range in Rs.Frequen

cy PercentLess than Rs 100 1.00 0.39Rs 100- 200 95 36.68Rs 200- 300 143 55.21Rs 300- 400 5 1.93Rs 400 & above 15 5.79Total 259 100


Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent


Solid Waste Collection Tax (payment to private collector)Willingness to pay for SW/month

Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent

Rs 5 1 0.40Rs 5- 10 50 19.92Rs 10 – 15 130 51.79Rs 15 & above 70 27.89Total 251 100



Improvements to Under Ground Sewerage Improvements to Roads Street Lighting Markets Solid Waste Collection





There is a shortage of staff and vehicles for solid waste collection.








6.16 Shringeri

6.16.1 Introduction

Shringeri is located in Southern Part of Karnataka in Chickmagalore district and is 90 km away from district head quarters. It is 330 km away from Bangalore. The main cultivation in and around Shringeri is Areca Nut, Paddy, Cardamom, and Coffee. There are 2 government schools and 2 private schools in the town. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population 1991 4146Population, 2001 4253Annual Population Growth Rate 0.25%Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 1.5 No. Wards 11No. Of Households 685Religions 65% Hindu, 25%Muslims,

10%ChristiansSCs and STs 20% and 10%No. of Slums 1Slum Population 500


SFt.Bharati beedhi Rs 350Subhash street, Mallikarjun Beedhi, Saradha nagar, Oni keri

Rs 200

Hanumanth Nagar Rs 100


General climate of the city is cold with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 300 and 210degrees and in winter 220 and 120 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 3170 mm. Topography of Shringeri is hilly. The soils are red.


There is a reserve forest near Shringeri at about 10 km. The Kudremukh National Park and Muttodi Wild Sanctuary are about 60 km from the town. There is also a Bird Sanctuary at about 5 km.




Shringeri is a historical place in Karnataka and the Sharada temple in the town is of great importance. There are other small temples in Shringeri namely Kigga temple (10km), Durga temple ( 5km), Ganapathi temple (6km), Ramadevara temple (6km), Kalikamba temple (6km).

6.16.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThe source of water supply is Tunga River that passes through the town. There are 575 number of domestic water connections and 21 are commercial. The frequency of water supply in Shringeri town is daily.


C. Solid wasteThe town generates about one ton/day of solid waste and disposes 0.7 tons. The present arrangements for the collection are through dustbins. There is one tractor for transportation. This waste is dumped at open space at Hanumanthnagar which is about 3 kms away from the town.


KmBT Road 9.61KmCC Road 0.3 kmMud road 1.20 km

E. Municipal AmenitiesThere is one vegetable market at Sharada nagar. There are 2 community halls; one is at bus stand and the other is at Gandhi maidan. There is one parking lot at Gandhi Maidan. There are two Parks and Gardens located at Gandhi Maidan and Sharada Nagar.





Frequency

Percent

Frequency

Percent

Less than 25 33.33 39 52.00




Rs1500Rs1500 - 5000 43 57.33 32 42.67Above Rs5000 7 9.33 4 5.33Total 75 100 75 100


Services Goo

dSatisfacto


Can't Say

Water Supply 5.33 22.67 21.3349.3

3 1.33

Sewerage / UGD 0.00 1.33 30.6756.0

0 12.00


3 4.00


3 2.67

Roads 4.00 45.33 16.0034.6

7 0.00

Street lighting 2.67 61.33 21.3313.3

3 1.33


0 2.67


3 0.00

Markets 1.33 5.33 52.0040.0

0 1.33

Parks & Gardens 8.00 5.33 41.3333.3

3 12.00

Burial Grounds 0.00 17.33 36.0041.3


37.33 9.33


50.67 5.33


7 5.33


0 5.33



Percentage Range

Frequency Percent

0 - 5 2 4.085 - 10 13 26.5310 - 20 22 44.9020 - 30 6 12.2430 & above 6 12.24Total 49 100





Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent



Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent



Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent



Public Consultation meeting was held on 19 January 2004. The following are the projects proposed by the participants during the meeting and during surveys. Water Tankers Shopping and Official Complexes Museum, Library Indoor Stadium Vehicles for Solid Waste Management Widening and Resurfacing Roads Park and Garden Under Ground Drainage





The public park in the town is used for gambling and drunkards are inhabiting the park. Due to this people will not enter to the parks.

This town is of historical and religious importance and tourist centre.








6.17 Tiptur

6.17.1 Introduction

Tiptur is located in South of Karnataka in Tumkur District at about 70 kms from Tumkur. It is 140 kms away from Bangalore. It is connected with state highways by State Highway 47. This town is spread in an area of about 10.5 sq. km with 27 wards and 13 slums. The town is situated at Longitude of 760 79 E and Latitude of 130 16 N and located at an altitude of 938.20 meter above mean sea level. The main agricultural activity around Tiptur is Ragi and Coconut. There are good number of educational institutions; about 31 schools and 16 colleges around the town. There are several silk power loom factories in the town. The general demographic data related to the ULB is as below:

Population, 1991 46,924Population, 2001 53.043Annual Population Growth Rate 1.3Total ULB Area, Sq.Km 10.5No. of Wards 27No. of Households 13,548Religions 70% Hindu, 25%Muslims,

5%ChristiansTotal Population of SCs and STs as per 2001

SCs 5,339, STs 962

No. of Slums 13Slum Population 8,500


SFt.Near Vinod Chitramandira 1130-500K.R. Badavane 250/-Dastigir Katte, Indira Nagar 17-18/-


General climate of the city is hot with the maximum and minimum temperatures during summer about 380 and 230 degrees and in winter 320 and 180 degrees Celsius respectively. The annual rainfall is 578 mm. Topography of Tiptur is plain. The soils are black and red.

The ground water is available at a depth of about 400 to 800 feet. In most cases, ground water is fit for drinking.




There is a reserved forest near this town; Karaya Kruchi Forest.

6.17.3 Utilities

A. Water supplyThe source of water supply for Tiptur town is Hemavathi River which is 90 km from town. There is an impounding reservoir about 6km away from the town. The water is treated by filtration. The borewell water in the town is potable and is tested once in two months. 3.35 MLD of water is supplied to the public. And only half of it supplied during summer. A total of 6263 domestic connections are there and 20 non-domestic connections are there. There are eight overhead tanks and the length of distribution is 196 kms.

B. SewageThere is no Under Ground Drainage in the town.

C. Solid WasteThe town generates about 7 TPD of solid waste and disposes 7 TPD. The present arrangements for the collection are through dustbins. There are 2 tractors. There is no particular place for dumping.D. RoadsThe details of roads in the city is as belowType of road Length in KmBT Road 36kmMetal road 106 kmCC Road 0.1km

E. Municipal AmenitiesThere is a vegetable market at Dodpeta Road and three mutton markets at old post office Road and at Kopra market near YT Road. There is one civil bus stop beside B H Road and two community halls in Ambedkar Bhavan and Bayaluranga Bhavan.





Frequen

cyPerce

ntFrequen

cyPerce

ntLess than Rs1500 23 19.49 46 38.98

Rs1500 - 5000 79 66.95 64 54.24Above Rs5000 16 13.56 8 6.78




Total 118 100 118 100


Services Goo

dSatisfacto


Can't Say

Water Supply 1.69 73.73 11.02 3.39 10.17

Sewerage / UGD 0.00 13.56 30.5110.1

7 45.76


6 23.73


1 33.90

Roads25.4

2 34.75 27.1212.7

1 0.00

Street lighting28.8

1 66.10 3.39 1.69 0.00


6 28.81


8 13.56Markets 0.00 11.02 84.75 3.39 0.85Parks & Gardens 0.00 10.17 41.53 5.08 43.22Burial Grounds 0.85 25.42 55.08 5.08 13.56Ease in remitting Payments 0.00 69.49 16.95 2.54 11.02Response to Complaints 2.54 30.51 22.03

10.17 34.75


7 33.90


1 32.20



Percentage Range

Frequency Percent

0 - 5 6 7.595 - 10 9 11.3910 - 20 37 46.8420 - 30 22 27.8530 & above 5 6.33Total 79 100

Infrastructure CessWillingness to pay for infrastructure cess/year

Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent

Less than Rs 100 2 1.71Rs 100- 200 36 30.77




Rs 200- 300 47 40.17Rs 300- 400 29 24.79Rs 400 & above 3 2.56Total 117 100


Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent



Range in Rs.

Frequency Percent




Storm Water Drainage Water Supply Ring Road Vehicles for Solid Waste Management Car Parking Roads, Footpath and Dividers Street lights Park and Garden Vehicle for solid waste Shopping/ Office complex/ Marriage hall


There is no space provided for solid waste dumping. The citizens feel that a landfill is necessary.




The citizens feel that the roads should be provided with dividers for enhanced safety.








7 Water and Soil Testing Results

7.1 Water Testing Results

ChittapurS No. Locatio

nType Tur Col pH TDS TH Cl SO4 F NO3 Ca Mg Fe Alk P / NP

NTU HU mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l 1 East - A RW BDL BDL 7.8 509 224 46.0 3.0 0.7 6.1 69.3 12.3 BDL 308

2 East - B RW BDL BDL 7.9 520 226 46.0 3.0 0.7 6.2 69.5 12.3 BDL 310 P 3 West - A RW BDL BDL 8.0 520 214 48.0 4.0 1.1 3.0 61.2 14.8 BDL 304 P 4 West - B RW BDL BDL 8.0 528 212 49.0 4.1 1.1 3.0 61.3 14.9 BDL 304 P 5 Center -

ADW BDL BDL 7.6 670 191 65.0 5.7 0.5 0.5 57.1 11.9 BDL 331 P

6 Center - B

DW BDL BDL 7.6 658 191 67.0 5.5 0.5 0.5 57.3 11.8 BDL 333 P

7 North - A BW BDL BDL 7.6 881 291 193.0 15.3 1.5 5.3 110.0 3.8 BDL 279 P 8 North - B BW BDL BDL 7.6 876 289 193.0 15.2 1.5 5.5 110.0 3.8 BDL 279 P 9 South - A RW BDL BDL 8.1 504 204 40.0 3.0 1.4 8.6 70.9 6.5 BDL 300 P

10 South - B RW BDL BDL 8.0 515 204 40.0 3.2 1.4 8.4 70.6 6.3 BDL 300 P

Athani 11 East - A BW BDL BDL 7.7 1149 505 360.0 115.0 0.3 13.8 142.0 35.9 BDL 123 P 12 East - B BW BDL BDL 7.7 1179 505 360.0 115.0 0.3 13.8 140.0 35.9 BDL 123 P 13 South - A BW BDL BDL 7.6 978 459 195.0 124.0 0.3 9.2 159.0 15.0 BDL 235 P 14 South - B BW BDL BDL 7.5 985 454 198.0 121.0 0.3 9.1 160.0 15.0 BDL 236 P 15 North - A BW BDL BDL 8.9 1034 193 358.0 111.0 2.7 2.6 65.2 47.3 BDL 58 NP 16 North - B BW BDL BDL 8.9 1056 190 360.0 111.0 2.7 2.6 65.5 47.8 BDL 60 NP 17 West - A BW BDL BDL 7.7 3410 1846 1130.

0192.0 0.6 77.0 652.0 52.0 BDL 310 NP

18 West - B BW BDL BDL 7.8 3421 1850 1132.0

192.0 0.5 74.0 650.0 52.8 BDL 312 NP

19 Centre - A

BW BDL BDL 7.8 1238 654 242.0 38.0 0.6 21.5 217.0 27.2 BDL 407 P

20 Centre - B

BW BDL BDL 7.9 1249 654 240.0 38.0 0.6 21.0 215.0 27.0 BDL 410 P

Savanoor21 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 1229 436 218.0 7.6 0.4 6.1 126.0 29.1 BDL 506 P22 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.8 1233 437 220.0 7.5 0.4 6.3 126.0 29.4 BDL 506 P23 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.7 1179 734 286.0 5.7 0.4 14.0 244.0 29.6 BDL 445 P24 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.7 1191 734 295.0 5.7 0.4 14.2 244.0 29.6 BDL 444 P25 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.3 879 438 140.0 4.0 0.7 6.1 150.0 12.4 BDL 415 P26 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.2 891 440 140.0 4.1 0.6 6.1 147.0 12.4 BDL 415 P27 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.2 507 354 94.0 3.0 0.4 7.7 122.0 11.6 BDL 304 P28 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.2 512 353 89.0 3.0 0.4 7.7 125.0 11.6 BDL 305 P29 Centre -

ANA 9.5 BDL 7.0 2728 1346 880.0 7.6 0.4 10.0 505.0 19.9 BDL 480 NP

30 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 7.0 2749 1350 886.0 7.6 0.4 10.0 510.0 19.7 BDL 490 NP

Chitradurga31 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 8.6 508 124 97.0 2.9 0.8 2.3 43.2 3.9 BDL 270 P

32 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 8.4 521 128 92.0 1.7 0.7 2.3 45.6 3.6 BDL 259 P

33 South - A NA BDL BDL 8.6 539 138 98.0 2.9 0.8 3.1 37.6 10.7 BDL 262 P34 South - B NA BDL BDL 8.4 512 135 91.0 2.7 0.7 3.1 39.2 10.9 BDL 258 P35 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.2 1178 534 289.0 3.8 1.3 0.9 156.0 35.0 BDL 378 P36 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 1161 526 275.0 3.5 1.2 1.1 145.0 38.6 BDL 389 P37 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.2 917 444 175.0 15.4 1.4 0.9 168.8 5.3 BDL 340 P38 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 932 435 179.0 15.1 1.3 1.2 175.5 5.6 BDL 356 P




39 North - A NA BDL BDL 8.0 508 242 95.0 2.9 0.7 1.7 52.0 27.2 BDL 284 P40 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 499 231 90.0 2.6 0.7 1.7 49.0 27.6 BDL 278 P

Shimoga41 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 8.3 176 54 24.0 1.0 0.1 4.6 20.0 1.0 BDL 86 P

42 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 8.8 186 56 26.0 1.0 0.1 4.7 22.0 1.1 BDL 89 P

43 North - A NA BDL BDL 8.1 789 270 84.0 30.7 1.4 0.3 89.6 11.2 BDL 310 P44 North - B NA BDL BDL 8.6 768 279 88.0 28.4 1.4 0.3 94.5 12.1 BDL 290 P45 West - A NA BDL BDL 8.3 212 60 26.0 1.0 0.1 2.6 18.4 3.4 BDL 88 P46 West - B NA BDL BDL 8.8 201 63 28.0 1.2 0.1 2.5 21.2 3.6 BDL 82 P47 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.9 269 136 38.0 1.9 0.2 3.1 48.8 3.4 BDL 148 P48 South - B NA BDL BDL 8.4 280 141 41.0 2.1 0.1 3.2 51.3 3.7 BDL 156 P49 East - A NA BDL BDL 8.3 189 62 27.0 1.9 0.1 3.4 19.2 3.4 BDL 94 P50 East - B NA BDL BDL 8.6 178 65 29.0 2.2 0.1 3.5 21.0 3.6 BDL 89 P

Bhadravati51 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 8.0 189 82 31.0 2.9 0.1 3.7 24.0 5.3 BDL 90 P

52 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 7.8 196 78 28.0 2.2 0.1 3.5 21.0 5.1 BDL 85 P

53 North - A NA 15.0 BDL 7.8 712 286 132.0 5.8 0.2 15.4 103.2 6.8 BDL 208 P54 North - B NA 13.0 BDL 7.5 699 275 125.0 5.0 0.2 13.2 98.8 6.2 BDL 201 P55 West - A NA BDL BDL 8.0 212 82 29.0 1.9 0.1 5.4 24.0 5.3 BDL 86 P56 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 223 75 24.0 1.6 0.1 4.9 21.0 5.1 BDL 82 P57 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.7 746 288 126.0 3.8 1.4 10.0 96.0 11.7 BDL 256 P58 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.2 723 265 116.0 3.2 1.4 8.5 88.0 11.1 BDL 246 P59 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.9 189 86 30.0 2.9 1.4 5.7 20.8 8.3 BDL 60 P60 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.4 176 79 25.0 2.2 1.3 5.1 19.8 7.9 BDL 57 P

Shringeri61 East - A NA BDL BDL 6.8 92 28 25.0 1.0 0.3 2.6 8.0 1.9 BDL 36 P62 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.0 89 25 23.0 1.0 0.3 2.1 7.0 1.4 BDL 34 P63 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 7.4 96 30 23.0 1.0 BDL 2.3 13.6 1.0 BDL 32 P

64 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 7.5 84 31 25.0 1.1 BDL 2.5 13.1 1.0 BDL 34 P

65 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.9 214 96 27.0 1.9 BDL 3.4 32.0 3.9 BDL 108 P66 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.8 189 98 24.0 1.9 BDL 3.2 31.0 3.5 BDL 103 P67 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.9 95 32 21.0 1.0 BDL 2.3 8.8 2.4 BDL 38 P68 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 86 30 19.0 1.0 BDL 2.2 8.4 2.2 BDL 35 P69 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.0 115 48 27.0 1.9 BDL 2.8 12.0 4.4 BDL 40 P70 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.1 106 44 24.0 1.9 BDL 2.6 11.0 4.2 BDL 38 P

Chickamagalur

71 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 201 80 27.0 1.9 BDL 4.9 24.0 4.9 BDL 120 P72 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 194 76 25.0 1.9 BDL 4.6 22.0 4.6 BDL 115 P73 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.4 992 424 245.0 5.8 BDL 7.7 140.8 17.5 BDL 320 P74 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.1 975 412 231.0 5.4 BDL 7.3 135.2 14.3 BDL 310 P75 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 213 168 35.0 1.9 BDL 4.2 32.0 21.4 BDL 160 P76 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 201 162 33.0 1.8 BDL 4.0 31.1 20.2 BDL 148 P77 Centre -


78 Centre - B


79 East - A NA BDL BDL 6.8 409 134 74.0 3.8 0.3 6.5 47.2 3.9 BDL 142 P80 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.1 401 128 69.0 3.2 0.3 6.1 41.2 6.3 BDL 138 P

Sakleshpur81 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.6 260 136 31.0 2.9 BDL 11.1 37.6 10.2 BDL 130 P82 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.1 253 129 27.0 2.2 BDL 10.5 35.1 9.6 BDL 124 P




83 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 158 44 28.0 1.9 BDL 6.2 15.2 1.5 BDL 90 P84 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 149 41 25.0 1.6 BDL 6.0 14.5 1.2 BDL 85 P85 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.0 149 44 32.0 1.0 BDL 6.8 13.6 2.4 BDL 82 P86 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.2 135 40 31.0 1.0 BDL 6.1 12.6 2.1 BDL 79 P87 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.3 112 40 26.0 1.9 BDL 2.8 13.6 1.5 BDL 50 P88 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.1 101 38 24.0 1.8 BDL 2.6 12.9 1.2 BDL 47 P89 Centre -


90 Centre - B


Hassan91 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.7 583 310 85.0 4.8 BDL 14.6 96.0 17.0 BDL 240 P92 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.4 564 294 81.0 4.6 BDL 13.3 94.2 16.9 BDL 262 P93 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 156 46 30.0 3.8 BDL 3.1 12.0 3.9 BDL 85 P94 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 162 43 28.0 3.3 BDL 3.1 11.6 3.6 BDL 76 P95 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.4 121 44 31.0 1.9 BDL 5.4 12.0 3.4 BDL 52 P96 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 132 48 35.0 2.1 BDL 5.5 12.5 3.6 BDL 61 P97 Centre -


98 Centre - B


99 East - A NA BDL BDL 6.5 512 194 96.0 2.9 BDL 15.4 66.4 6.8 BDL 132 P00 East - B NA BDL BDL 6.8 489 185 91.0 2.6 BDL 14.8 61.5 6.2 BDL 128 P

Tiptur101 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.6 1798 840 536.0 33.6 BDL 11.1 291.2 27.2 BDL 404 NP102 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.4 1764 831 526.0 31.5 BDL 10.8 285.1 25.5 BDL 391 NP103 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.6 1080 444 207.0 9.6 BDL 12.3 122.4 33.5 BDL 386 P104 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.4 1045 437 198.0 9.1 BDL 12.0 118.1 31.3 BDL 368 P105 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.6 1465 504 342.0 9.6 0.3 5.5 180.0 12.6 BDL 444 P106 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.7 1451 487 334.0 9.1 0.3 5.1 168.0 12.1 BDL 431 P107 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 201 48 34.0 1.9 BDL 3.9 16.0 1.9 BDL 130 P108 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 222 44 31.0 2.1 BDL 3.5 15.7 2.1 BDL 127 P109 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 7.5 1464 680 326.0 5.8 BDL 9.5 326.4 33.0 BDL 374 NP

110 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 7.7 1468 691 334.0 5.9 BDL 9.9 334.6 35.2 BDL 384 NP

Robertsonpet111 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.5 720 340 100.0 2.9 0.2 4.9 123.2 7.8 BDL 376 P112 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.7 735 354 109.0 2.9 0.2 5.1 128.1 8.0 BDL 387 P113 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 7.6 1278 760 283.0 11.5 BDL 9.2 248.8 33.5 BDL 208 NP

114 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 7.9 1286 771 291.0 11.9 BDL 9.5 264.1 35.2 BDL 215 NP

115 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.2 1464 960 368.0 11.5 0.7 6.5 304.0 48.6 BDL 576 NP116 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 1481 971 378.0 11.9 0.7 6.8 311.2 49.9 BDL 589 NP117 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.2 1464 960 340.0 38.4 BDL 2.8 294.4 54.4 BDL 360 NP118 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 1489 974 351.0 39.7 BDL 3.0 298.6 56.5 BDL 369 NP119 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.5 1072 618 113.0 3.8 BDL 4.2 184.0 38.4 BDL 372 NP120 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.7 1086 625 118.0 4.0 BDL 4.5 191.2 39.3 BDL 385 NP

Kolar121 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.6 1142 544 266.0 3.8 0.8 3.4 147.2 42.8 BDL 41 P

122 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.7 1164 558 274.0 3.9 0.8 3.5 154.6 46.9 BDL 45 P123 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.7 1712 880 410.0 4.8 0.8 12.0 304.0 29.2 BDL 248 NP124 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 1701 867 402.0 4.6 0.8 11.6 297.1 27.2 BDL 237 NP125 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.3 1526 768 420.0 9.6 0.7 4.9 280.0 16.5 BDL 428 NP126 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 1535 776 429.0 9.8 0.7 5.1 289.4 17.1 BDL 438 NP127 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.9 695 316 100.0 1.9 2.0 8.6 88.0 23.3 BDL 30 NP128 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.8 681 308 92.0 1.6 1.8 8.4 86.0 21.5 BDL 28 NP129 Centre - NA BDL BDL 7.3 1340 376 224.0 38.4 0.7 15.4 126.4 14.6 BDL 436 P




A130 Centre -

BNA BDL BDL 7.5 1356 385 231.0 39.3 0.7 16.0 128.4 15.0 BDL 442 P

Chintamani131 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 8.2 844 376 132.0 3.8 1.4 7.7 104.8 27.7 BDL 304 P

132 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 8.5 854 385 142.0 3.9 1.3 8.0 106.1 29.5 BDL 313 P

133 West - A NA BDL BDL 6.9 1340 780 336.0 13.4 0.6 11.6 262.4 30.1 BDL 326 NP134 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.2 1331 771 330.0 13.1 0.6 11.2 258.3 29.6 BDL 321 NP135 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.9 612 230 80.0 2.9 0.8 9.5 80.0 7.3 BDL 302 P136 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.7 624 224 76.0 2.5 0.7 9.1 76.1 7.2 BDL 297 P137 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.9 720 252 160.0 3.8 0.9 15.4 80.0 12.6 BDL 180 P138 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 707 242 154.0 3.5 0.8 15.1 77.1 12.2 BDL 171 P139 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 501 192 28.0 2.9 0.7 9.5 52.0 15.1 BDL 264 P140 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 486 184 26.0 2.6 0.7 9.2 51.0 15.0 BDL 257 P

Chikkaballapur

141 South - A NA BDL BDL 7.2 528 212 53.0 3.8 1.2 4.6 56.8 17.0 BDL 260 P142 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.1 521 208 51.0 3.6 1.2 4.2 54.3 16.9 BDL 254 P143 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.2 701 136 29.0 3.8 0.7 5.2 41.6 7.8 BDL 470 P144 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.4 689 132 27.0 3.6 0.7 5.1 38.1 7.2 BDL 464 P145 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 7.8 838 240 126.0 4.8 1.0 7.7 73.6 13.6 BDL 444 P

146 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 7.6 826 243 123.0 4.6 1.1 7.5 71.5 13.2 BDL 435 P

147 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.3 664 280 134.0 5.8 0.4 9.2 92.0 12.2 BDL 210 P148 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.2 654 268 128.0 5.6 0.4 9.1 91.5 12.2 BDL 207 P149 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.0 1290 530 366.0 38.4 0.7 15.4 188.2 16.1 BDL 230 P150 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.4 1305 537 371.0 39.1 0.8 15.9 174.6 24.4 BDL 237 P

Dodballapur151 Centre -

ANA BDL BDL 7.0 1650 800 464.0 9.6 0.4 9.2 264.0 34.0 BDL 430 NP

152 Centre - B

NA BDL BDL 7.2 1664 808 471.0 9.9 0.3 9.5 271.2 34.5 BDL 437 NP

153 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.7 546 230 83.0 3.8 0.4 4.9 77.6 8.7 BDL 252 P154 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 538 224 81.0 3.6 0.4 4.8 75.1 8.5 BDL 248 P155 East - A NA BDL BDL 7.8 610 280 75.0 4.8 0.4 6.8 79.2 19.9 BDL 308 P156 East - B NA BDL BDL 7.9 599 276 71.0 4.6 0.4 6.2 75.5 19.7 BDL 304 P157 South - A NA BDL BDL 8.0 580 234 90.0 5.8 0.5 5.4 64.0 18.0 BDL 286 P158 South - B NA BDL BDL 7.8 574 231 87.0 5.5 0.5 5.1 61.5 17.2 BDL 282 P159 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.7 1712 832 466.0 19.2 0.8 13.1 292.8 24.3 BDL 380 NP160 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.5 1700 825 460.0 18.9 1.1 13.0 288.4 24.1 BDL 375 NP

Madikere161 West - A NA BDL BDL 7.5 105 38 21.0 1.0 BDL 2.5 13.6 1.0 BDL 32 P162 West - B NA BDL BDL 7.6 118 41 23.0 1.0 BDL 2.5 13.7 1.0 BDL 34 P163 North - A NA BDL BDL 7.3 170 72 21.0 1.9 0.4 2.6 11.2 10.7 BDL 80 P164 North - B NA BDL BDL 7.4 175 73 22.0 2.0 0.3 2.7 11.3 10.7 BDL 82 P165 East - A NA BDL BDL 6.3 170 60 30.0 1.9 0.2 7.7 31.2 4.4 BDL 80 P166 East - B NA BDL BDL 6.5 188 62 31.0 2.1 0.3 7.7 31.8 4.5 BDL 82 P167 South - A NA BDL 1.0 6.2 325 140 55.0 1.9 BDL 10.8 25.6 18.5 BDL 96 P168 South - B NA BDL 1.0 6.4 331 141 56.0 2.0 BDL 10.9 25.7 18.5 BDL 97 P169 Centre -


170 Centre - B


DESIRABLE LIMITS ( Acceptable) Max

5.0 5.0 6.5 -8.5

500 300 250.0 200.0

1.0 45.0 75.0 None

0.3 200




PERMISSIBLE LIMITS(for rejection)Max

10.0 25.0 6.5 -8.5

2000 600 ### 400.0

1.5 100.0

200.0 None

1.0 600

Limits as per IS 10500 : 1991

NP= Non Potable Under Permissible Limits

BDL: Below Detectable Limit

BW: Borewell water DW - Dug Well

NA: Info Not Available

P = Potable under permissible limits for parameters tested

RW: River Water

7.2 Soil Testing Results

ChittapurAthani

S No. Location

pH Extraction ( 1:2)

TDS mg/l (Water

Soluble - Inorgani

c) Extraction ( 1:2)

TOC %

Porosity %

Nitrate

mg/gm

S No. Location

pH Extraction ( 1:2)

TDS mg/l (Water

Soluble - Inorgani

c) Extraction ( 1:2)

TOC %

Porosity %

Nitrate mg/gm

1 East - A 8 552 1.021 45.48 0.43 11 East - A

8 3162 0.73 30.68 2.41

2 East - B 8 548 1.025 45.46 0.43 12 East - B

8 3165 0.74 30.68 2.41

3 West - A 9.7 3410 0.302 31.16 1.56 13 South - A

8.2 260 0.68 18.28 0.18

4 West - B 9.6 3414 0.305 31.13 1.56 14 South - B

8.2 260 0.68 18.28 0.18

5 Center - A

8.5 831 0.642 48.32 1.14 15 North - A

8.7 595 0.4 37.24 0.32

6 Center - B

8.5 825 0.646 47.32 1.14 16 North - B

8.7 596 0.4 37.28 0.32

7 North - A

8.6 236 0.995 36.34 0.36 17 West - A 8.2 1221 0.33 25.06 1.63

8 North - B

8.6 235 0.997 36.34 0.36 18 West - B 8.2 1219 0.33 25.06 1.63

9 South - A

8.1 130 0.276 25.82 0.28 19 Centre - A

8.1 1426 0.4 22.25 1.85

10 South - B

8.1 129 0.275 25.81 0.28 20 Centre - B

8.1 1422 0.41 22.27 1.85

Savanoor Chitradurga21 South -

A8.2 2232 0.79 25.53 1.31 31 Centre -

A7.5 1017 0.55 23.58 0.36

22 South - B

8.2 2229 0.79 25.51 1.31 32 Centre - B

7.8 1034 0.58 23.8 0.36

23 West - A 8.2 347 0.13 15.92 0.21 33 South - A

7.5 5456 0.46 24.83 1.56

24 West - B 8.2 347 0.14 15.95 0.21 34 South - B

7.6 5469 0.49 25.1 1.73

25 North - A

9 260 0.04 22.29 0.25 35 East - A 7.4 4278 1.01 28.07 1.24

26 North - B

9 260 0.05 22.29 0.25 36 East - B 7.6 4291 1.25 28.9 1.34

27 East - A 8.5 1203 0.59 27.72 0.43 37 West - A 7.3 3906 0.4 36.32 0.628 East - B 8.5 1202 0.6 27.75 0.43 38 West - B 7.4 3921 0.43 36.8 0.6129 Centre -

A8 1612 1.78 23.36 2.84 39 North -

A7.5 707 0.26 32.51 1.07

30 Centre - B

8.1 1610 0.18 23.35 2.84 40 North - B

7.5 717 0.28 33.1 1.13

Shimoga Bhadravati41 Centre -

A7.4 1054 0.09 35.26 0.39 51 Centre -

A7.5 750 0.14 28.77 ND

42 Centre - 7.5 1086 0.12 36.5 0.41 52 Centre - 7.6 765 0.15 28.54 ND




B B43 North -

A5.4 136 0.38 30.05 ND 53 North -

A7.5 527 0.29 26.29 0.18

44 North - B

5.5 151 0.41 32.51 ND 54 North - B

7.5 535 0.3 26.54 0.17

45 West - A 6.7 217 0.49 30.64 ND 55 West - A 6.6 217 0.2 26.28 ND46 West - B 6.8 221 0.51 32.81 ND 56 West - B 6.8 224 0.2 26.56 ND47 South -

A5.8 272 0.14 39.44 ND 57 East - A 6.6 967 0.63 32.41 ND

48 South - B

6.2 281 0.16 42.21 ND 58 East - B 6.8 978 0.65 32.65 ND

49 East - A 7.2 1159 0.29 31.58 ND 59 South - A

7.5 1178 0.4 21.06 1.24

50 East - B 7.5 1182 0.32 32.8 ND 60 South - B

7.7 1198 0.4 20.87 1.27

Shringeri Chikkamagalur61 East - A 4.9 732 0.29 26.06 0.5 71 West - A 6.9 645 1.24 37.2 ND62 East - B 5 728 0.3 26.58 0.48 72 West - B 7.1 654 1.31 38.12 ND63 Centre -

A8.7 756 0.75 35.31 0.57 73 South -

A7.2 818 0.78 23.48 ND

64 Centre - B

8.8 765 0.77 35.87 0.57 74 South - B

7.4 821 0.81 23.64 ND

65 North - A

6.8 236 0.52 40.57 ND 75 North - A

7.3 1011 1.21 27.55 ND

66 North - B

7 238 0.52 40.87 ND 76 North - B

7.5 1019 1.28 28.12 ND

67 West - A 4.8 285 1.07 38.39 ND 77 Centre - A

6.6 2170 0.66 31.26 1.85

68 West - B 4.8 288 1.12 38.48 ND 78 Centre - B

6.8 2187 0.61 31.86 1.64

69 South - A

6.1 217 0.84 41.76 ND 79 East - A 6.4 484 1.01 37.01 ND

70 South - B

6.3 220 0.86 41.88 ND 80 East - B 6.5 475 1.12 37.15 ND

Sakleshpur Hassan81 South -

A5 130 0.43 30.08 ND 91 North -

A6.2 242 0.49 36.16 0.21

82 South - B

5.2 135 0.41 29.12 ND 92 North - B

6.4 248 0.44 36.01 0.22

83 West - A 5.5 663 0.35 34.65 0.99 93 West - A 7.2 769 0.06 32.98 0.9284 West - B 5.6 675 0.31 34.04 1.04 94 West - B 7.5 776 0.05 32.51 0.9585 East - A 5.5 267 1.04 40.04 0 95 South -

A7.2 422 0.55 30.51 0.53

86 East - B 5.7 261 1.14 40.13 0 96 South - B

7.4 428 0.51 30.15 0.51

87 North - A

6.2 1128 0.66 35.64 0.36 97 Centre - A

6.3 155 1.47 26.98 0.39

88 North - B

6.4 1135 0.61 35.15 0.39 98 Centre - B

6.4 164 1.42 26.24 0.42

89 Centre - A

5.3 279 0.43 40.88 0.21 99 East - A 6.1 304 0.32 23.43 1.07

90 Centre - B

5.5 281 0.41 40.18 0.23 100 East - B 6.4 312 0.28 23.15 1.11

Tiptur Robertsonpet101 South - A 7.7 663 0.46 36.04 1.78 111 East - A 7.1 285 0.17 26.61 0.82102 South - B 7.5 675 0.41 35.87 1.87 112 East - B 7.4 267 0.24 27.15 0.86103 East - A 5.8 626 0.29 35.33 1.07 113 Centre -

A7.7 905 0.32 33.71 0.32

104 East - B 5.6 215 0.34 35.64 1.12 114 Centre - B

7.4 897 0.37 33.97 0.34

105 North - A

7.7 583 0.4 24.31 0.18 115 South - A

6.7 577 0.69 33.42 0.25

106 North - B

7.9 575 0.44 24.86 0.21 116 South - B

6.5 565 0.71 33.84 0.23

107 West - A 6.2 155 0.38 35.92 0.5 117 North - A

6 446 0.35 26.88 0.21




108 West - B 6.5 174 0.35 35.24 0.55 118 North - B

6.2 465 0.31 26.17 0.26

109 Centre - A

7.2 360 0.78 33.39 0.18 119 West - A 8.7 471 0.23 39.6 0.32

110 Centre - B

7.5 375 0.71 33.15 0.15 120 West - B 8.4 465 0.28 39.98 0.34

Kolar Chintamani121 North -

A6.9 285 0.23 32.98 0.18 131 Centre -

A7.5 546 0.14 33.65 0.39

122 North - B

7.1 277 0.28 33.15 0.19 132 Centre - B

7.7 565 0.09 32.84 0.41

123 East - A 7.3 347 0.06 28.29 0.21 133 West - A 7.1 552 0.49 37.99 0.39124 East - B 7.5 354 0.04 27.97 0.18 134 West - B 7.4 548 0.51 38.24 0.41125 South -

A7.2 254 0.29 36.69 0.18 135 North -

A7.8 806 0.78 41.66 2.66

126 South - B

7.4 245 0.34 37.12 0.21 136 North - B

7.5 798 0.87 42.12 2.79

127 West - A 5.1 74 0.29 30.08 0.64 137 East - A 7.2 1488 0.52 29.69 0.21128 West - B 5.4 65 0.32 30.42 0.71 138 East - B 7.5 1454 0.65 30.15 0.22129 Centre -

A7.5 663 0.29 28.59 0.5 139 South -

A7.2 3509 0.29 32.21 1.35

130 Centre - B

7.8 675 0.22 27.15 0.45 140 South - B

7.4 3484 0.35 32.97 1.24

Chikkaballapur 7.3 Dodballapur141 South -

A7.6 459 0.35 33.98 1.1 151 Centre -

A8.1 2046 0.61 31.05 ND

142 South - B

7.8 475 0.31 32.54 1.15 152 Centre - B

7.8 2038 0.66 31.51 ND

143 West - A 7.8 564 0.2 34.6 0.53 153 North - A

7.5 415 0.35 30.39 0.11

144 West - B 7.9 548 0.25 35.15 0.52 154 North - B

7.6 423 0.32 30.15 0.12

145 Centre - A

7.9 732 0.14 30.28 0.39 155 East - A 6.8 502 0.43 43.92 0.11

146 Centre - B

7.6 724 0.18 30.54 0.42 156 East - B 6.7 515 0.41 43.24 0.14

147 North - A

6.4 298 0.2 41.13 0.18 157 South - A

7.4 701 0.35 35.32 0.04

148 North - B

6.6 264 0.27 42.11 0.15 158 South - B

7.2 712 0.41 35.87 0.04

149 East - A 6.2 1023 0.29 34.1 0.36 159 West - A 5.5 936 0.92 12.07 0.07150 East - B 6.5 1035 0.26 33.84 0.31 160 West - B 5.9 921 1.05 12.87 0.06

Madikeri161 West - A 4.3 143 0.52 27.28 ND162 West - B 4.1 138 0.56 27.75 ND163 North -

A4.5 87 0.69 32.18 3.02

164 North - B

4.8 74 0.75 32.85 3.18

165 East - A 4.2 1984 0.38 31.33 0.07166 East - B 4.5 1965 0.45 31.64 0.05167 South -

A6.5 211 0.84 32.11 0.11

168 South - B

6.6 202 0.95 32.87 0.15

169 Centre - A

6.8 136 0.32 32.39 0.36

170 Centre - B

6.7 128 0.36 33.01 0.38



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KMRP Chapter 1documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/5360414687707017… · Web view2016-07-17 · The results and findings of the socio-economic and willingness to pay surveys are