KNOW YOUR

PHYSICSFORMULAS

FORCE NET = (MASS)

(ACCELERATION) SUM OF FORCES UP

+ SUM OF FORCES DOWNWARD

SUM OF FORCES TO THE RIGHT + SUM OF FORCES TO THE LEFT

ACCELERATION

LinearAcceleration

(vf – vi)______ time

CentripetalAcceleration

V2/R

Average Velocity

Total Distance Divided by Total Time

(Vf + Vi)/2

Velocity of an object moving in a circle.

(2*pi*Radius)/TT is the periodPeriod is the time for one

complete revolution

Force due to Gravity (mass)(acceleration due to

gravity) (Gm1m2)/d2

G is universal law of gravitation constant

G= 6.67 X 10 -11

Distance traveled (constant velocity)

Velocity times Time

Distance traveled (if accelerating)

½ at2 + vitAverage Velocity times time

A Handy Formula to Know

Vf2=Vi

2 + 2ad

WorkForce times DistanceForce and distance must be parallel

Energy

Power The rate at which work is accomplished Work divided by time (Force times Distance) /Time Force times velocity

TORQUE FORCE TIMES DISTANCE FORCE AND DISTANCE MUST BE

PERPENDICULAR If the net torque about any axis is equal

then the system is in equilibrium If the net torque about any axis is unequal

then the system will rotate

Normal Force Equals the weight of the object if the object

is on a flat surface

Nor mal

Weight

Normal Force for an object on an incline. NORMAL FORCE EQUALS THE FORCE

PERPENDICULAR FORCE PERPENDICULAR EQUALS THE

WEIGHT TIMES THE COSINE OF THE INCLINE ANGLE

NORMAL

WEIGHT

FORCEPERPENDICULAR

NORMAL FORCE FOR AN ANGLE TO WHICH A FORCE AT AN ANGLE IS APPLIED.

Normal force equals the WEIGHT MINUS THE (Applied Force)(Sin of the Angle )

Applied ForceForce times sin Of thetaTheta

Normal

WEIGHT

Force due to FRICTIONFf = (mu) NORMAL mu is the Coefficient of Friction Coefficients of friction are commonly

less than oneStatic Coefficients are less than

Kinetic Coefficients of Friction

Kinetic Energy Energy of Motion ½ (Mass) (Velocity)2

Kinetic Energy is directly proportional to mass

Kinetic Energy is directly proportional to the velocity SQUARED

Gravitational Potential Energy GPE Equals work done on object in moving it to

that height above some arbitrary point of reference

Equals (Mass)(Acceleration of gravity)(Height to which it is lifted)

Carry Energy Can do Work Can exert a force and move an object a

distance

Velocity=Frequency*Wavelength

WAVES

Electromagnetic Waves R R M I V U X G Radio waves longest wavelength and

lowest frequency in spectrum Gamma waves shortest wavelength and

highest frequency in spectrum ROYGBIV – Visible Spectrum 3 x 10 8 meters per second in a vacuum

or pretty close to that in air

Electromagnetic Waves Velocity in a specific medium = the speed

of light in a vacuum divided by the index of refraction in that medium

Sound Waves Not electromagnetic waves Mechanical Waves Need a medium to transmit Will not travel through a vacuum Travel at approximately 330 meters per

second Use D=VT

STANDING WAVES

THREE NODES&TWO ANTINODES

Snell’s Law

n1Sin Angle 1= n2Sin Angle 2

Convex Lens-converging lens 1/f = 1/si + 1/so (f is the focal length) Si is the distance from the lens to the image So is the distance from the lens to the

object The image formed is real if the object is

outside the focal point of the lens

Charge Fundamental or

elementary unit of charge

Charge on one electron 1.6 x 10-19 Coulombs

Charge on one proton + 1.6 x 1-19 Coulombs

Coulomb’s Law

F=(kq1q2)/d2

k= 9 x 109

According to Coulomb’s Law… If you double the charge on either of the

charges then the force would?

Double If you double the charge on both of the

charges then the force would?

Quadruple

According to Coulomb’s Law… If you double the distance between any

two charges then the force will?

Be ¼ of what it was

If you halve the distance between any two charges then the force will?

Quadruple

Electric Field Strength Measured in Newtons per Coulomb

E= F/qField points away from + charges and towards - charges

Gas Laws Ideal Gas Law PV=nRT Constant temperature

then P1V1=P2V2

Constant Pressure then V1/T1=V2/T2

IDEAL GAS LAW This is an important

diagram The curved line is

called an isotherm That means that the

temperature is constant along the curve!!!