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Knowledge Based Artificial
Intelligence Technology: The Next
Step In Academic Instructional
Tools
Dale Crowe, JD, Ph.D., University of Phoenix<[email protected]>Martin La Pierre, MA, University of PhoenixMansureh Kebritchi, Ph.D., University of Phoenix [email protected]
Knowledge Based Artificial
Augmentation\ Intelligence Technology:
The Next Step In Academic Instructional
Tools
“The traceability of the machine
recommendations (i.e., why a
recommendation was made) will be
important in fostering confidence
and trust.”
Dr. Francesca Rossi, Professor of Computer
Science,
University of Padova and Harvard University
“Even big brains can have a blip.
And IBM's supercomputer Watson is
no exception, despite its bank of 90
IBM Power 750 servers that can
process the equivalent of 1 million
books of information a second.”
There will be two opposing forces at
work.
“One will push toward Augmented
Intelligence, as the demand for more
and more intelligent machines
increases over time”. An opposing
force looking to slow adoption as
broader understanding and enablement
of cognitive (AI) computing occurs.”Source: IBM White Paper
“There is already a strong belief among
subject-matter experts [Instructional
Designers] that current computer
architectures and programming
paradigms must advance to take
cognitive computing to the next level.
Technology advances, including natural
language processing…”.Source: IBM White Paper
“The value proposition of cognitive
computing is compelling, and many
pioneering organizations are already
realizing economic value. However,
perceptions need to be well managed
and grounded in reality. Otherwise, the
disparity between vastly different views
combined with misinformation could
lead to another “AI Winter”…”.Source: IBM White Paper
“IDC [International Data Corporation]
projects that the digital universe will
reach 40 zettabytes (ZB) by 2020. To put
this number into perspective, consider
that 40 ZB is equal to 57 times the
amount of all the grains of sand on all
the beaches on earth. It is now nearly
humanly impossible across vocations
to keep pace with the growing volume
and velocity of information available
today. “Source: IBM White Paper
“Wider adoption of cognitive computing
[Augmented Intelligence] across domains
will likely require that policies advance
(e.g., data sharing, data security and
privacy). There may be requirements for
entirely new policies in response to
advancements in cognitive capabilities.”Source: IBM White Paper
“A key challenge for the advancement
of cognitive computing [Augmented
Intelligence will be the availability of
skilled humans. Advancing cognitive
computing capabilities and
implementing cognitive
systems require unique skill sets, such
as those of machine learning experts
and natural
language processing scientists. These
skills are currently in high demand and
limited supply.”Source: IBM White Paper
“It [a cognitive system] cannot ingest
information on its own. We need
humans to train it on a particular
domain.”Grady Booch, IBM Fellow and Chief Scientist for Software Engineering, IBM Research
“There are concerns over another
‘AI winter.’ Education programs will
be key to grow cognitive systems
capability, and IBM is doing a
significant amount of work in this
area.”Dr. Jim Spohrer, Director Global University Programs,IBM Research
UOPXInstitution Management
Server (IMS) Cloud
Sever Cluster
Identity Management Services
APA, MLP and Chicago styleKnowledge bases
Formatting Knowledge base
Reference Library AccessService
Accounting Services
AI Processing Management Services
User Portal Interface
User Portal
Institution Management
Servers
Commercial AI Processing Engine
Cloud
Technical Aspects of Developing
an Augmented Intelligence
(Cognition) Based Scholarly
Writing System (SWS) Including
a Development Plan
Beyond SWS Other AI Cognition
Applications. Problems Facing
Instructional Designers.
Technical Aspects of Developing
an Augmented Intelligence
(Cognition) Based Scholarly
Writing System (SWS) Including
a Development Plan
Beyond SWS Other AI Cognition
Applications. Problems Facing
Instructional Designers.
Text Input
Questions Asked Concerning Intent
SWS:Is This a Work of Fiction or Humor? Do You Intend This Work To Be Considered For Scholarly Peer Review?
“However, promoting interpersonal conflict between IT team
mates has been proven to be a good method of increasing
quality and efficiency of IT work (Adams, 2010).”
Knowledge Domain Identification and Evaluation
This text falls into the domain of information technology and team interaction. Is that your intent?
“However, promoting interpersonal
conflict between IT team mates has
been proven to be a good method of
increasing quality and efficiency of
IT work (Adams, 2010).”
Knowledge Domain Identification and Evaluation
Figure 1 is mislabeled. It is a table and not a figure. It appears to be a table pertaining to
species of animals not an IT meeting.
Figure 1. IT Team Meeting
Feedback To Author From SWS
Paragraphs and figures need work. Would like details?
“However, promoting interpersonal
conflict between IT team mates has
been proven to be a good method of
increasing quality and efficiency of IT
work (Adams, 2010).”
Sequence Repeats
Author Provides Additional Information to SWS
Concerning Suggestions Provided
Author Acts Do Not Act On Feedback
Beyond SWS;
Other AI Cognition Applications
Challenges Facing Instructional Designers
Challenges for Adopting Augmented Intelligence
Application of Augmented Intelligence
Confusion about two close fields?
Augmented Intelligence Artificial Intelligence
Resistance for Adopting Artificial Intelligence
Replacement of Human?
Dangerous?
Old Split in the Computer Science but not in
Popular Culture
Augmented Intelligence
• Empower and amplify Human
• Supplement/Support Human
Artificial Intelligence
• Reproduce Human Intelligence
• Function autonomously
Limitation of Modeling Human Intelligence
Human Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
Augmented Intelligence grounded in Human
Computer Interaction
Harnessing computers’ best strengths while keeping
human agents at center stage
Augmented Intelligence: Intelligent Tutor Systems
Augmented Intelligence: Intelligent Tutor Systems
One to one interaction
Customized instruction
Individual feedback
Augmented Intelligence: Intelligent Tutor Systems
I-TUTOR (Intelligent Tutoring for Lifelong Learning)The European Commission,open source learning environments, a multi-agent based intelligent system to supportonline teachers, trainers, and tutors.
Monitor
Track
AnalyzeGive formative
assessment
Feedback
Augmented Intelligence: Intelligent Tutor Systems
I-TUTOR
Students
TutorsTeachers
Instructional Designer
Further Learn about Human Intelligence
IBM plan: "Over the next decade, we'll know a lot more
of the fundamental principles of how people learn,"
Further Engage with Learners
IBM Plan: "we can fundamentally bring the element of
discovery, surprise and exploration back into the classroom, and
in the process, deeply engage the learner.” Satya Nitta, program director of
cognitive computing for education at IBM
Process of Vast amount of Information
Watson Discovery Advisor, a cloud-based analytical arm of the
computer system to help with scientific and educational research.
Process Vast amount of Information
The amount of documented medical knowledge doubles every
few years. By 2020, that it will double every 73 days. Teachers
face a similar challenge in translating that knowledge into lessons
Augmented Intelligence: Expand Search Engine Role
Watson could lend teachers a hand by expanding
its role as a search engine, returning not only the
best answer to a question but also the logic for how
it reached that conclusion
Instructional Designers Play Major Roles for
Adopting Augmented Intelligence
Researcher, Innovator, Informer
Instructional Designers Wear Multiple Hats
Key Factors to Adopt Augmented Intelligence
Augmented Intelligence
Limitations and strengths
Relation with Human
Instructional Designers
Improving Education
THANK YOU
QUESTIONS? Dale Crowe, JD, Ph.D., University of PhoenixMartin La Pierre, MA, University of PhoenixMansureh Kebritchi, Ph.D., University of Phoenix [email protected]
