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I will learn how to:
Analyse the hierarchy of organisation in living organisms.
Understand the role of the respiratory system in the body.
Understand the role of the circulatory system in the body.
Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration linking to exercise.
Define communicable and non-communicable diseases giving examples.
Discuss how the can defend itself from disease.
Greater Depth Challenge
Which other organs work with the heart and lungs?
What is a heart attack?
What could happen to your body if you have a poor diet?
Key Words
Keeping Healthy
This will help in the future:
Careers in medicine, healthcare, nutrition. Links to a healthy body for a healthy life.
I should already know:
How to group and classify living organisms
What living things are made of i.e. cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
Knowledge Organiser Focus:
Malnutrition To have a diet that does not provide the right amount of each food group or nutrient.
Organ A group of different tissues working together to perform a function.
Diffusion Particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Artery Blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart.
Vein Blood vessel carrying blood towards the heart. It has valves.
Oxygenated Blood that is carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body.
Aerobic respiration The chemical process of releasing of energy from glucose using oxygen.
Mitochondria The site of aerobic respiration in a cell, where energy is released.
Communicable disease A disease that can spread from person to person. Caused by pathogens.
Non-communicable disease
A disease that cannot be spread from person to person.
Microorganism A living thing that can only be seen through a microscope.
Pathogen A disease-causing microorganism.
Vaccination A dead/weakened form of a pathogen, injected to provide immune protection.
Antibiotics A form of medicine that can only be used on bacterial infections.
Heart An organ that pumps blood to the lungs and to the rest of the body.
Alveoli The site of gaseous exchange in the lungs.
Further Reading
BBC Bitesize, Educake, Seneca learning.
Year 8 – The Knowledge – Science – Energy from food
Respiration
Disease
The body - the respiratory and circulatory system
White blood cells:
•Engulf the pathogen (phagocytosis)
•Makes antibodies to attach themselves to
the pathogen and destroy them.
•Make antitoxins to destroy (neutralise) the
toxins the pathogen makes.
Barriers to infection: skin, tears, stomach acid
Respiration is the chemical process of releasing energy from food.
Aerobic respiration:
Anaerobic respiration:
ExerciseHeart rate increases during exercise. This increase in heart rate increases blood flow to working muscles. This is necessary because the muscles are respiring, so need glucose and oxygen for energy release. Blood also needs to flow faster to prevent a build up of carbon dioxide and lactic acid.
Year 8 – The Knowledge – Science – Energy from food
Respiration
Disease
The body - the respiratory and circulatory system
White blood cells:
•__________ the pathogen (phagocytosis)
•Makes ____________ to attach themselves
to the pathogen and destroy them.
•Make ______________ to destroy
(neutralise) the toxins the pathogen makes.
Barriers to infection: _____________________
Respiration is….
Aerobic respiration:
Anaerobic respiration:
ExerciseHeart rate ____________ during exercise. This increase in heart rate increases blood flow to working muscles. This is necessary because …
Year 7 – The Knowledge – Science – Skills School
Scientific equipment
Bunsen burner
Hazard symbols
NameBunsen burner
Conical flask
Beaker
Measuring cylinder
Evaporating basin
UseHeating by burning a gas
To measure volume of liquids
To hold, pour and heat liquids
To measure precise volume of liquid
To heat and evaporate liquids
NameStopwatch
Tongs
Thermometer
Safety Goggles
Tripod
Gauze
UseTo measure timeTo hold hot things (not test tubes)
To measure temperature
To protect your eyes
To hold a beaker above a Bunsen burner
Used to support a beaker
Different flames: Collar open= Blue flame -used to heat substances Temperature= 500 degreesCollar closed= Yellow flame: used as a safety flame . Temperature= 300 degrees
Flammable Corrosive Toxic Explosive
Harmful to the
environment
Serious
health
hazard
Oxidising Harmful
Graphs
Rules for a graph1. Title2. Size3. Appropriate scale4. Labelled axis5. Plot points accurately6. Line of best fit
When describing graphs make sure you…
• Identifying if it’s an increasing or decreasing trend.• Support your chosen trend with evidence from the graph.• Give a reason or opinion for the observed trend.
Calculation
Risk assessment
Hazard /
Chemical
Risks Control
measures
Emergency
measures
Hazard – something that has the potential to cause harm to a person, property or environment.
Risk – is the chance or probability of the hazard causing harm or damage to people, property or the environment.
Control measures – minimises the risk of the hazard causing harm.
Drawing equipment
When drawing scientific equipment it must be drawn in 2D and not 3D.
Equipment diagrams should be drawn as part of the method for the experiment.