korant konferensha

www.energiakonsiente.com

CONFERENCE NEWSPAPER

29, 30 & 31 March, 2012 • World Trade cenTer • curaçao • duTch caribbeaninvolvement implementation innovation

The 2012 Curaçao Conference/Expo on the future of

Durable Energy Nos futuro berdadero

Ta ku energia duradero

“Durable Energy is my passion. It is something that I have believed in for a long time, even before I became prime minister of Curaçao. As a member of the younger generation, I am deeply concerned with what will happen with fuel derived from fossil sources. I strongly believe that we have to lower our dependency of this type of fuel as soon as possible, better yet: now! So it was no surprise that

and1.900 peak hours of sun per year.And that is exactly what my government set out to do: we made a great leap forward on the topic of du-rable energy by instituting on February 16th, 2011 the “Electricity Regula-tion Policy Bill 2011-2015 Curaçao”, which was fol-lowed on November 16th, by the bill on “Small Scale Durable Electricity Provi-sion” allowing for house-holds and businesses to produce and supply back durable energy from the sun and the wind. On No-vember 23rd, 2011, the government stipulated the supply back tariffs as well. Additionally, per January 12th, 2012 the import levy on hybrid cars was low-ered to 10% and to 0% for electric cars, which will certainly serve as an in-centive for the customer. Furthermore, on March 5th, 2012 the government lowered the import levy on various energy saving devices and equipments, and fully eliminated the levy on other ones, such as solar panels, including pe-ripherals, LED light bulbs

and inverter air-condition-ing units.These policies are cur-rently being largely com-municated to stakeholders and the general public. The most important aim is to involve the whole com-munity. One of the ways of developing this in-volvement is by means of this conference and expo: a conference for the ex-perts and an expo for the general public. We need to understand, to feel, to actually live the fact that a revolution is taking place in our lifetime, and the world will benefit from this.

In the coming five years, I project that Curaçao will take the lead in the region, in the area of durable en-ergy. If we consider all developments that spurred out in just one year since the policy bill on energy, we must state that the ef-fect is undeniable. New companies have emerged, all working in this new sector of the economy, thus fulfilling another aim of this conference: Inno-vation.

And with regard to the third pillar, Implementa-tion, I can only say that this is being conducted as we speak. The government started it and is facilitating the building of a wind-mill park. Furthermore, the government walks its talks: each government building that is remodeled, automatically becomes an energy efficient building. And I am most happy to see that the people are taking over: solar panels are being bought and in-stalled, inverter applianc-es are bought and widely used, and just last week, a private citizen bought the first electric car: a historic event, which marked the beginning of a new era.

For durable energy, the fu-ture is now, and I welcome you to embark with us on this energetic future.

I wish you a fruitful con-ference and expo!

immediately after my in-stallation, I developed a new energy policy based on certain premises. We all know that we are blessed that our tropical island can offer us viable alternatives to the traditional fuel. Globally we are favorably positioned to benefit from our sun and wind, by us-ing them as our source of alternative energy. We do not only have a strong, but - even more important - a constant wind speed,

Prime Minister of Curaçao Dr. Gerrit F. Schotte hon.:“This conference will show Curaçao that

the future on durable energy is now!”

Confer

ence

Progra

m &

Exhibi

tors W

orksho

ps’

Sched

uleIN

SIDE

The 2012 Conference/Expo on the future of Durable Energy2

It is with pleasure that the regulator of energy affairs on Cura-çao, Bureau Telecommunicatie Post & Utiliteiten (BTPU) took upon itself the task of organizing “The 2012 Curaçao Confer-ence & Expo on the future of durable energy”. Director of BTPU, Mr. Joao de Canha, also doubles as one of the speakers at the conference, whilst Deputy Director of BTPU, Ms. Charluce Sandries, is responsible for the organi-zation of these two sizeable events, as the Chairperson of the Organizing Committee.

Mr. De Canha emphasizes the importance of the confer-ence as a platform for experts to meet both local and inter-national peers in the area of durable energy, to discuss ideas and get even more in-spired to realize in practice the policy intentions of the government: to make rapid

and effective progression in the use of durable energy in Cu-raçao. According to him, the expo is equally important, as a show case for the general public to perceive personally all that is nowadays possible with durable energy. For the people that are not yet in the position to invest in durable energy, the expo also reminds each citizen that energy saving can be very close to home. Replacing traditional bulbs and air-conditioning units for energy saving ones, for example, is a perfect start.

Ms. Sandries expresses her gratitude for the enthusiastic way the initiative of BTPU was received by speakers, exhibitors, sponsors and the Government. From the very start the response from exhibitors was impressive. Where BTPU set out for a small and cozy exhibition, it

had to soon adapt its plans in order to offer space to no less than 28 exhibitors, which will feature also the first 100% electric car on Curaçao, especially imported by one of the exhibitors, to put on display during the expo.

The interest from speakers was even more overwhelming: the organizing committee even had to request interested persons to be scheduled for an opportunity to address the audience at a conference in the future, because there was no room left in the already overcrowded program.

Thankfully all enthusiasm reflected greatly on the team who worked on all aspects to make for two great events: contents, logistics and publicity, just to name a few. The whole team is filled with the commitment to make “The 2012 Curaçao Con-ference & Expo on the future of durable energy” simply impac-ting and memorable. BTPU surely hopes that this will be the experience of each and all conference participant!

Bureau Telecommunicatie Post & Utiliteiten, responsible for the organization:

“Hard work to make the Conference and Expo impacting and memorable”

If you need help on your "smart" journey visit us at www.ey.com/smart

3The 2012 Conference/Expo on the future of Durable Energy

Per Lund Ph. D. , Chief Engineer at Energinet.dkPer Lund is currently Chief Engineer at the Environment, R&D Section of the Development Department of En-erginet.dk. He earned his M.S. and industrial Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Technical Uni-

versity of Denmark (DTU) in 1983 and 1985 respectively. He is currently Senior Member of the IEEE and Chairman of the SmartGrid R&D Coordina-tion Committee of the Danish Power System Organizations. In addition to his deep involvement in all major SmartGrid activities of Energinet.dk he is technical responsible for the Cell Controller Pilot Project. Per Lund is heavily involved in the development of a Phasor Measurement Unit and Wide Area Monitoring System R&D strategy for Energinet.dk and the development of nation-wide technical grid codes for grid connection of thermal power stations, CHP plants and wind turbines. From his previous employment in the Planning Department of the former Danish Electricity Consortium El-sam A/S and later as Senior Electrical Engineer in the Danish consulting company Techwise, Per Lund has a general background in power system planning in large utility-owned systems. He has gained comprehensive international experience in developing and utilizing computer systems for steady state and transient stability analyses used in the design and plan-ning of power systems ranging from regional power pools to wind-diesel systems on small islands.

Mr. Ing Joao Duarte de Canha, Direc-tor Bureau Telecommunicatie, Post en Utiliteiten is primarily a specialist in the Regulation of Utilities (telecom-munications, postal services, electri-

city, water and fuels). As a newly qualified technical engineer he started his career in 1982 at his former employer Landsradio Telecommunicatiedienst Nederlandse Antillen. Since 1982 he has been responsible for the monito-ring of mobile communications and cable television in the department of Radio Control services. In 1996 he joined Bureau Telecommunicatie, Post en Utiliteiten, first in the function of Head of Technical Affairs, then as the ac-ting director and since 2001, Mr. de Canha has been the director. Under the leadership of Mr. de Canha, Bureau Telecommunicatie, Post en Utiliteiten was privatized in 2001 and has grown into a Multi Disciplinary regulator. After earning his engineering degree in telecommunication/information technology at the University of the Netherlands Antilles, he earned a de-gree in Business at the HTS Dordrecht in the Netherlands.

Mr. Ing Joao Duarte de Canha, Director Bureau TelecommunicatiePost en Utiliteiten

Mr. Jonis holds a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering of the University of the Netherlands Antilles and a Mas-ter of Science in Electrical Engineer-ing of the Florida Institute of Techno- logy. He worked at the phone company

UTS NV (formerly known as SETEL N.V.) and as a lecturer at the University Netherlands Antilles. Mr. Jonis also worked at Aqualectra as the chief of the “Bedrijfsbureau”, where he afterwards acted as a manager, the Manager Corporate Affairs and the Manager Electrical Distribution. Since 2010 Mr. Jonis holds the title of Master in Business Administration of the Univer-sity of the Netherlands Antilles. As of April 2011 Mr. Jonis is the Technical director (COO – Corporate Operation Officer) of Aqualectra. Furthermore Mr. Jonis is a member of the Board of Supervision of CORE NV.

Darick Jonis, COO Aqualectra, acting CEO

Prof. Carlos Weeber M.A. BNA , Director C.A.S.ArchitectsRuns C.A.S.Architects with Sofia Saa-vedra Bruno in Curaçao. Carlos Weeber graduated at the Technical University of Delft, School of Architecture where he taught from 1970 till 2003 in com-bination with architectural practices

in Rotterdam (HTW) and Amsterdam (de Architekten Cie). He was presi-dent of the Dutch Association of Architects BNA. As a critique and foun-ding member of cultural organizations as Stichting Hoogbouw and AIR, he participated in the architectural debate in Holland and abroad. The Dutch editor published two books dedicated to his essays (Het Wilde Wonen and Het Versteende Tentenkamp) and to his architectural work (Carel Weeber a monography and Carel Weeber ex-architect). Among his numerous de-signs are the Dutch Pavilion in Osaka World Exhibition 1970, the housing complex Peperklip and the Schie prison in Rotterdam, metro stations in Spijkenisse, the Zwarte Madonna and Struyck student housing in The Hague, Queens towers at Amsterdam, the Dutch Embassy in Dakar (Sene-gal) and climate oriented houses in Curaçao.


Jan Dirk Ferwerda, Owner Carensol B.V.

Jan Dirk Ferwerda is together with Chris van Grieken the owner of Caren-sol B.V., an energy and environmental consulting company. Jan Dirk Fer- werda is an ophthalmologist since 1993 with a specialization in retinal

surgery and ocular trauma surgery. He is considered to be one of the lea-ding retinal surgeons in the Caribbean. His reason to start with Carensol was a strong conviction that people has to stop wasting earth’s resources. He is driven by this passion to dedicate the next phase of his career to Carensol B.V. His business partner Chris Van Grieken has a bachelor’s de-gree from the University of Miami and a degree in Entrepreneurship. He has more than 17 years experience as a General Contractor and single-ply roofing contractor in Curaçao. His company ARG group represents Carlisle Syntec in Curaçao, which is the largest manufacturer of single ply roofing materials in the world. For the past 4 years he has concentrated his efforts on greening the building industry in Curaçao. Some of his accomplishments include the certification of the only LEED certified building in Curacao, and the introduction of green roofs to the island.

Sandra Odendahl, Director of Corporate Environmental Affairs, RBCAs the Director of Corporate Environ-mental Affairs at RBC, Sandra leads a team responsible for global strategy and leadership in the areas of environ-mental credit risk management, envi-

ronmental products and services, bank-wide environmental programs, and external relations related to corporate sustainability issues. Sandra’s educa-tion and professional experience blends science, technology and finance to solve challenging environmental issues and provide opportunities to pro-mote environmental sustainability within RBC and with partner organiza-tions. Prior to entering the banking sector, Sandra was a research scientist with Noranda Inc. in Montreal, and then an environmental consultant in Toronto and Vancouver, specializing in Environmental Impact Assessments for resource sector development projects in Canada and Southeast Asia. She joined RBC in 1997 as a resource sector analyst, and then led the bank’s Environmental Risk Management department from March 2000 to August 2005. Having left in September 2005 to become the Director of Corporate Environmental Program at another bank, she returned to RBC two years later as the Director of Corporate Environmental Affairs. Sandra has been a member of the Advisory Board of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry at the University of Toronto since 2005. In 2010, she received a U of T Arbor Award for service to the University. From 2005 to 2009, Sandra chaired the North American Task Force of the UN Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI). In 2010, she became a member of the Adaptation Advisory Committee for the University of Waterloo/Intact Insurance Climate Change Adaptation Project. In May 2010, Sandra was ap-pointed to the Board of Directors of the Toronto Atmospheric Fund. Born in Ottawa, Sandra has an M.A.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Toronto. Sandra is a licensed professional engineer, and earned her CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) designation in 2007. She lives with her hus-band and two children in Toronto.

Day 1: Thursday March 29th, 2012

Prof. dr. ir. David Smeulders, Technical University EindhovenDavid Smeulders holds an MSc in Aero-nautics from the Delft University of Technology and a PhD in Physics from Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands. He has over 20 years expe-rience in physical transport phenomena

such as seismic wave propagation and aquifer flow. He is currently profes-sor of Engineering Thermodynamics at Eindhoven University of Technology, working on fluid dynamics, energy systems engineering, and micro-scale heat transport. He is also the scientific director of the Eindhoven Energy Institute EEI. He (co-)authored more than 100 scientific journal and confer-ence contributions.

Drs. Jan Ebbing, Managing Director TNO Caribbean

Jan Ebbing has almost twenty-five years of national and international experience in the applied earth and environmental science sector. The first ten years he has been active as applied

scientist, project manager and business developer in the off-shore sector. From 1997 until now he has successfully acting in different management positions at TNO and Deltares: evolving from general manager of a re-gional office to director of the unit subsurface and groundwater systems. In that period he was also responsible for the start up and management of a private company Syncera GeoData (now part of the MWH group), this was sold after 3 years. At this moment he is the managing director of the Caribbean branch office TNO. Flourishing in an organization where change is needed, where co-workers have to be challenged and the management has an independent but at the same time collaborate attitude. His personal qualifications can be described with words as purposive, pilot, team builder and master.

Maurice Adriaens, Director Curaçao Airport Holding

Currently Mr. Adriaens holds the po-sition of director of Curaçao Airport Holding. Mr. Adriaens was previously Minister of Telecommunication and Transportation, member of the Island

Council of Curaçao, member of Parliament of the Netherlands Antilles and plenipotentiary minister for the Netherlands Antilles in the Netherlands. Mr. Adriaens is shareholder of Curaflor Recycling and holds a university de-gree in agriculture.

The 2012 Conference/Expo on the future of Durable Energy 5

Nos Solo...

Dios a bendishoná Kòrsou ku un tesoro natural: rayonan fuerte di solo ku tur dia ta trese lus, kalor i vitalidat pa tur hende.

Na tur e benefishinan aki, gobièrnu di Kòrsou, ku su bista riba futuro i su maneho di energia duradero, a añadí un benefisio mas.

Kuminsando aña 2012 kada habitante di Kòrsou por usa nos solo komo su propio fuente di koriente.

Bo ke sa kon ta produsí bo propio koriente i asta suministrá esaki bèk na Aqualectra? Bai riba www.energiakonsiente.com i abo tambe usa

solo komo bo fuente di koriente.

Fuente di koriente!

Nos futuro berdaderoTa ku energia duradero


Arnoldus Mateo van den Hurk Ph. D. MirSolar Energy AdvisorArnoldus Mateo van den Hurk is 51 years old and has a Ph. D. on Geologi-cal Sciences (Autonomous University of Barcelona and University of Tübin-gen) and a MBA (Institute for Exe-cutive Development, Madrid – Chile

– Shanghai). He is the invited Professor in the Institute for Solar Energy – University of Science and Technology of Shanghai (Depending on Anhui University) for two years. He has 25 years of experience developing projects in Mexico, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Colombia, USA, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, Morocco, Mauritania, China, Korea and Japan. Geo-logy of Energy and strategic Raw Materials: Coal – Oil, Raw Materials for solar (Quartz, Germanium, Rare Earths, Silver, Gold). New Energy Techno-logy: Solar Photovoltaic (PV and CPV), Solar Thermal. He is involved in the buying of more than 60 MW of modules in China. He is also involved in the financing and EPC of 25 MW PV installations in Spain and 17 MW in Italy. And 6 years of high tech procurement equipment from China, Korea, Japan and Taiwan. He is Appraisal and Business Valuator for Solar Energy Plants, Mining, Resort Hotels, Internet Companies and Real Estate Assets.

Diego Belmonte M.Sc., Founder of Esound Energy

Diego Belmonte leads Esound Energy, an integrated sustainable project development, investment and boutique consul-ting company dedicated to capitalizing on the economic, social and ecological potential of renewable and energy effi-cient technologies. With more than 15 years of experience in the environmental and infrastructure sectors, Mr. Belmonte has structured, managed and closed over $2 billion in renewable energy and other infrastructure projects worldwide. Esound grew out of Mr. Belmonte’s background and experience developing energy projects at the intersection of the public and private sectors across the United States, Europe and other emerging international energy markets. Prior to founding Esound, Mr. Belmonte was President and CEO of Fotowatio USA, Inc., the US subsidiary of Fotowatio Renewable Ventures

(FRV), one of the leading Spanish promoters of Renewable Energy and a global operator specializing in the generation of clean energy.

Day 2: Friday March 30th, 2012

Jorge Torres Dipl. Ing., Sales New Markets SMAMr. Jorge Torres studied electrical engi-neering with a specialty in Renewable Energy at the University of Paderborn (Germany). He has 12 years experience as coordinator in project management in the field of photovoltaic solar energy worldwide. His professional history in-

cludes companies such as Biohaus-CENTROSOLAR (Germany), Alt Power (New York, USA) and the Foundation for the Development of Electric Service Venezuelas – Oil Company PDVSA (Venezuela). He worked as a freelancer with Torres Innovative Energy Consulting between 2008 and 2011 in Berlin, Germany. There he coordinated successful projects like a market research on thin-layer photovoltaics for the company Masdar PV GmbH of Abbu Dhabi and a market study about the photovoltaic solar sector in Mexico 2011. Cur-rently he serves at SMA Solar Technology AG as sales manager in Mexico, Central America, Venezuela and the Netherlands Antilles. In addition to his work experience he is author of several articles on energy and has made a name in magazines worldwide in the field of photovoltaic solar energy and other renewables.

Curaçao’s durable energy ambition is laudable. It can be fascinating to take a moment to reflect, at forums such as the 2012 Curaçao Conference/Expo on the Future of Du-rable Energy: Involvement, Innovation, Implementation, on the vast leaps in efficiency and viability made in the area of durable energy over the course of mere decades or sometimes even more rapidly. The early 250 kW gen-erators wind generators installed at Playa Kanoa while cutting-edge in the 1980’s now pale in comparison to the 3 MW behemoths being installed today. More astound-ing still is that recent research has found that machines as large as 20 MW are feasible through developing a radical new design philosophy. But it’s not only their generat-ing capacity and sheer size that has been modified and improved over the years. The new wind machines on Cu-

We must be mindful of the emergence of new technologies and the obsolescence of old ones

raçao are optimized for local wind fluctuation and high salinity levels, with on-board systems monitoring and balancing power quality. The lifespan of the machines has also been improved rendering the projects more at-tractive to private investment than they have in the past.

In reflecting on the future of durable energy, we must be mindful of the emergence of new technologies and the obsolescence of old ones, given the critical nature of sus-tainability and resource efficiency for our small island nations. The 2012 Curaçao Conference/Expo on the Fu-ture of Durable Energy offers such a forum and further underscores that the Government of Curaçao is attentive to state-of-the art solutions to durable energy and for this we applaud you.


Ir. Ing. Gilbert Gouverneur, Directeur Envior BV

Gilbert Gouverneur (1970) has over 10 years of experience in the field of new business development and sustainable energy with a specialization in Seawa-ter air-conditioning, Wind and Solar project development (incl. technical/economical development and financial

analyses/engineering, as well as asset management). He furthermore has also been engaged in energy/water efficiency projects and long term en-ergy planning for island nations. Since 1999 he has played a leading role in the development of the Seawater air-conditioning for Piscadera Bay on Curaçao. He was also the initiator and regional development manager of the wind-diesel concept, which has recently gone in to operations on Bonaire. The wind-diesel system, the largest of its kind (25MW) in the world, will supply all the energy for Bonaire of which 50% with wind tur-bines. Mr. Gouverneur is a Managing Director and co-founder of Ecopower International, since August 2009, young and admissions regional project development and advisory firm in field of renewable energy and related opportunities. Ecopower International initiates, (co-)develops and realizes renewable energy projects such as wind farms, wind-diesel systems and seawater air-conditioning for or together with public and private organiza-tions. Ecopower International is currently (co-)developing several Seawater air-conditioning projects in the Caribbean, a Wind project in Uruguay and Bio-fuel in Mexico.

Luis Garrido M.Sc., Joint Man-aging Director of Assyce GroupCEO AND FOUNDER OF ASSYCE FOTO-VOLTAICA Assyce Fotovolatica, the main company of the Assyce Group is an EPC and De-veloper of Solar Farms in Spain and other international markets. To date Assyce has successfully completed the

construction of nearly 150MW of PV Solar Power Plants. The total turnover of the Photovoltaic Unit is to the tune of €400.000.000 of plants built and financed. The technological partner of Asscye is US solar giant First Solar. The technology used in the installations is cdte (Cadmium Telluride). First Solar has a solid track record with several GW of bankable and fundable technology in all the continents.

FOUNDING PARTNER OF SONNEDIX Sonnedix is today an international IPP with more than 50MW of PV Solar Power Plants in Europe, Asia and the US.

Drs. Floris van Foreest MBA, KEMA Gas Consulting ServicesFloris van Foreest is a senior consultant at DNV KEMA Energy & Sustainability. His main focus areas are gas market analysis and strategy development. As consultant/project manager, Floris is involved in different projects related to in-depth market studies in the field of

for example LNG, gas storage, the interface between gas and electricity and sustainability. He also advices market players in the gas sector on strategic positioning in the context of changing market fundamentals on both the supply and demand side. Before joining KEMA, he worked for Vattenfall, a large European utility, as strategy consultant and project manager. In this position he has been involved in large gas strategy projects and Merger & Acquisition transactions. Floris holds a Master of Science degree in Business Administration and Political Science. Since 2008, Floris is a research fellow with the gas program of the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. He special-izes in the link between sustainability and gas markets.


Margo Guda, Manager and senior scientist Fundashon Antiano pa Energia (FAPE)Margo Guda has a background in phys-ics, and has worked for Fundashon Antiyano Pa Energia (FAPE) since 1982. FAPE was founded in 1975 as an Antil-lean response to the first “oil crisis” and price hike of 1973. FAPE’s approach was two-pronged: we saw that “alter-

native” energy, as renewable energy was then called, is abundant in our islands, especially those forms of energy that are easy to tap: wind energy and sunlight. So we could have energy even after oil, which was then an important issue. But we also looked at the environmental impact of using fossil fuels, and realized that this impact is so great that the use of energy derived from oil and other fossil fuels is unsustainable both from an eco-nomic and an environmental point of view. Because there seemed to be no ready market for solar thermal energy, and photovoltaics was still very expensive, we focused on wind energy, exploring the technology and iden-tifying the barriers to its use in our country. One of those was the fact that no reliable database existed outside of the one reference location at the airport. Therefore, one important project we executed, in cooperation with many other organizations, was the undertaking of the wind resource as-sessment of the islands of the Netherlands Antilles. The Curaçao wind map shown in my presentation is one result of this work. Thanks to our efforts, Curaçao became the first Caribbean island to have a utility-scale wind farm, and our example has been followed by many countries, such as Jamaica, Bonaire, and Aruba. Mrs. Guda is involved in many efforts to bring wind energy to the Caribbean region.


Enrique Laya, Gas Export Project Manager, Pacific Rubiales Energy

Enrique Laya is a mechanical Engineer with 35 years of experience in design and construction of oil & gas produc-tion and processing facilities onshore & offshore. Responsible for Design & Construction Projects Mgr. with Pacific

Stratus and gas Export Project Mgr. (2007-present). Co Founder of ExcelTec C.A. (1990 - 2007) for Engineering and consultancy practice in Venezuela oil & gas industry (17 yrs). Research Engineer and Offshore Eng. Mgr for PDVSA Intevep (1980-1988).

Education:PhD. Structural and Geotechnical Engineering. Ecole Centrale Paris.Master of Science. Mechanical Eng. MIT. Cambridge. MA. USA.Master of Science. Civil Engineering. MIT. Cambridge. MA. USA.Mechanical Engineer. Universidad Simón Bolívar. Caracas.

Ricardo Ramírez Carrero M.Sc., Secretario Técnico Consejo Nacional de Operación de Gas NaturalRicardo Ramírez Carrero M.Sc. current-ly fills the position of Technical Secre-tary of Natural Gas Operations at the National Council in Bogota, Colombia. Before, he has functioned as a Consul-

tant on the area of transportation, for the Ministry of Mines and Energy and for the Commission of Energy and Gas Regulation. Furthermore he has almost 9 years of experience as an Expert Commissioner for the Commis-sion of Energy and Gas Regulation in Bogota, Colombia.

Drs. Remi Blokker, Co-Founder & CEO of Blue RiseDrs. Remi Blokker is the co-Founder & CEO Blue Rise. Bluerise is a technol-ogy provider in the emerging Ocean Thermal Energy market, specializing in OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Con-version) technology and related DSW (Deep Sea Water) technologies. Blu-

erise provides technology and development plans for implementation of OTEC as well as DSW Ecoparks that utilize the ocean resource by means of innovative technologies for desalination, agriculture, aquaculture among others. It also provides consulting and engineering services to govern-ments, project developers, energy companies and utilities.

Diego Acevedo M.Sc., VP of Business Development for BlueriseDiego Acevedo is VP of Business De-velopment for Bluerise. Diego’s pre-vious experience included Research, International Sales Management and Product Line Management, with posi-tions in the US and Europe. Originally

from Colombia, Diego has lived in several countries including US, Germany, France and the Netherlands. He holds a BS degree (magna cum laude) in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Florida and is pursuing a master’s degree in Sustainable Energy Technologies from the TU Delft.


Dr. Ir. Jos (H.J.M) Beurskens, owner independent consultancy and scientific director of the “We@Sea” FoundationJos Beurskens headed the Renewable Energy Unit and the Wind Energy Unit of the Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) from 1989 to 2005

and was a scientific advisor to ECN from 2001 to 2011. At present he has his own independent consultancy and is the scientific director of the “We@Sea” Foundation, which carried out R&D on offshore wind energy and on the transfer of knowledge in this area. Jos Beurskens is member of the Board of Trustees of the Windunie, a co-operative enterprise of Dutch farm-ers operating about 440 MW of wind power on a private basis. He was a technical and scientific advisor to the European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) and was a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the former Institute for Solar Energy Technology (ISET) of Kassel, Germany (at present part of the Fraunhofer Gesellschaft). He is chairman of the Scientific Advi-sory Board of For Wind (joint wind energy research institute of the universi-ties of Oldenburg, Bremen and Hannover, Germany) and a member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg, Delmenhorst, Germany. Beurskens was recently re-appointed to serve on the Steering Committee of the European Wind Energy Technology Platform and act as the chairman of WG 2 (Wind Power Systems). Jos Beurskens received the honour of Wind Energy Pioneer of the British Wind Energy Association. In 2008 he was awarded with the Poul la Cour’s prize, which was presented to him by Mr. Janez Potočnik, EU Commissioner for Science and Research.



Coral Solar: Tailor made solutions

Free Wi-Fi powered by

Coral Solar NV Curaçao is a company focused on sustain-able energy solutions. We develop, finance and operate re-newable energy projects. With the spectacular and structural decrease of the price of solar panels in the last two years (which dropped below USD 1 per Wp) it is possible to offer prices ranging from USD 0.21 to USD 0.28 per kWh de-pending on the configuration, the soil condition, the quality of the roof, and the size. On the field of solar energy we focus on projects with a size from 0.3 MW of installed ca-

pacity. This includes everything from capping of larger car parks to the fitting of solar panels or solar film on the roofs of offices, hotels and industrial buildings. We offer to electric-ity consumers the possibility for a long-term power supply contract, the possibility of a purchase after 5 years of opera-tion and also the possibility of a turnkey delivery of a proj-ect. The shareholders of Coral Solar have much experience with solar and wind energy and are located in both Curaçao and the Netherlands.

11

Mr. Garvin is the former Technology Transfer Specialist for the University of Iowa. He designed entrepreneurial studies courses in that position. He has developed seven start-up companies in the state of Iowa, Wisconsin and

Texas. True to both definitions, Garvin has spent the last 20 years helping to effect fairly huge changes in some very complex systems in the economy. In the 1990s, while working with the University of Wisconsin (Madison) and later at the University of Iowa, he helped research, design and intro-duce technical developments to the medical industry that resulted in a vast overhaul of safety practices and safety equipment used in hospitals and medical facilities nationwide. He still directs a number of research projects around electric transportation and fuel cells at Iowa State University. His work on infectious waste disposal in Wisconsin in the mid-1980s– during which time, medical waste was typically incinerated in open facilities, pro-ducing potentially harmful emissions– led to a paradigm shift in medical waste handling in the industry and, ultimately, to Garvin’s more recent ambition: moving society away from the oil-based fuels. In the late 1990s, Garvin helped fellows at Texas A&M develop a new model for community emergency management strategies and disaster response, which aided in effectively evacuating communities along the Gulf Coast in response to hur-ricane disasters. Garvin founded his North Liberty-based company RENAIS (Renewable Energy Network for Aggregating and Integrating Services) LLC in 2008 to set economic models that allow electric and plug-in hybrid cars and service vehicles viable commodities in the mainstream market. He is one of the founding members of the Iowa Northern Energy Corridor (INEC). INEC pairs the most advance non-oil energy production technologies in the context of a major short-haul railroad corridor stretching from Cedar Rap-ids, through Waterloo to Manly, Iowa. Mr. Garvin lives with his wife, Bonnie and their teenage twin daughters in North Liberty, Iowa.

Day 3: Saturday March 31st, 2012

Michael Garvin, President RENAIS LLC

Marco C. Janssen is the CEO of UTIn-novation. He received his BSc degree in Electrical Engineering from the Poly-technic in Arnhem, The Netherlands. He has worked for over 21 years in the field of Smart Grid, Protection, Control, Monitoring, Advanced Metering Infra-

structures and Substation Automation. He is member of IEC TC57 WG 10, 17, 18, 19, the IEEE PES Power System Relaying Committee and CIGRE B5 and D2 working groups. He is editor of the Quality Assurance Program for the Testing Subcommittee of the UCA International Users Group, holds one patent, has authored and presented more than 38 technical papers and is the author of the “I think” column in the PAC World magazine.

Ing. Marco C. Janssen, CEO of UTInnovation

Ronald Willoughby, Vice President, Electric Transmission & Distribution, has extensive experience in support-ing and developing power system technologies and services. Mr. Wil-

loughby’s responsibilities at KEMA include strategic leadership of the T&D consulting practice in North America, focusing on client issues related to electric power system T&D planning, system stability, asset management, protection & control, reliability improvement, advanced technology ap-plications, energy loss reduction, energy efficiency measures, voltage control, and future power systems. Mr. Willoughby earned a BSEE from the University of Missouri-Rolla (UMR), a MSEE from Carnegie-Mellon University, and an Honorary Professional Degree of Electrical Engineering from UMR. Mr. Willoughby spent 15 years with Westinghouse’s Advanced Systems Technology Division where he conducted electric power system studies for utility companies, industrials, and large commercials, serving as Manager of the Transmission Planning and Relay Coordination Sections. He was an instructor in the Westinghouse Advanced School, teaching courses on Electric Power Systems Stability and Industrial Power Systems Analysis. Mr. Willoughby received a Westinghouse Engineering Achievement Award for high level technical contributions to engineering education. Mr. Wil-loughby spent 18 years with Cooper Power Systems (CPS) where he served as Manager of the Systems Engineering Group, Director of the Thomas A Edison Technical Center, and Director of Division-Wide Technical Services, including warranty support for CPS products, all CPS parts, and custom-designed engineering packages. This included pre-engineered and factory assembled modular substation packages for use by electric utilities, large industrials, and commercial buildings. Mr. Willoughby represented USA electric distribution equipment technologies in a U.S. Trade Mission on Electric Power to East Germany. Mr. Willoughby served on Industry Advisory Councils for the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (UWM) and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), and the Industrial Liaison Council for UWM. In 1997, he was elected to UMR’s Academy of Electrical and Computer Engi-neers, serving as President. He chaired technical sessions for IEEE and other power conferences and served as Technical Paper Chairman for CIRED’s US National Committee. Mr. Willoughby is the author of more than 40 publica-tions (including being a contributing expert for the Utility of the Future: The Promise of Energy Storage, Vol. 2, KEMA, 2009), holds one patent, and is a registered Professional Engineer in the Commonwealth of Pennsylva-nia. While at UMR, Ron was inducted into Phi Eta Sigma, Eta Kappa Nu, Tau Beta Pi, and Kappa Kappa Psi honor societies. He was a member of UMR’s marching band, receiving an Outstanding Bandsman Award from Kappa Kappa Psi.

Ron Willoughby M.Sc., Vice President KEMA Transmission and Distribution


8:00 – 9:00 Registration9:00 – 9:15 OPENING AND WELCOME9:15 – 9:45 SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY Michael Garvin | USA President RENAIS LLC 9:45 – 10:15 WASTE TO ENERGY Frank F. Haacke | Puerto Rico President & CEO of The Holland Group Will Allen | United States of America Vice President Business Development

Synergy Renewables10:15 – 10:30 Coffee Break10:30 – 11:00 SMART GRIDS Ing. Marco Janssen The Netherlands CEO UTInnovation 11:00 – 11:30 RENEWABLE INTEGRATION ISSUES

Ron Willoughby M.Sc. United States of America Vice President KEMA Transmission and Distribution 11:30 – 12:00 CO2 EMISSIONS Dr. Carel Cronenberg

The Netherlands Principal consultant at DHV 12:00 – 12:30 FINAL CONCLUSIONS Dr. Gerrit Schotte Hon. Ir. Franklin Rosheuvel Ms. Margo Guda12:30 – 12:45 OFFICIAL CLOSING CEREMONY Dr. Gerrit Schotte Hon.12:45 – 2:00 Lunch2:00 – 7:00 EXPOSITION (free for public)

CONFERENCE PROGRAMDay 1: Thursday March 29th, 2012



8:00 – 9:00 Registration9:00 – 9:15 OFFICIAL CONFERENCE OPENING AND WELCOME9:15 – 9:45 THE ENERGY POLICY INVOLVEMENT IMPLEMENTATION INNOVATION Dr. Gerrit Schotte Hon. | Curaçao Prime Minister9:45 – 10:15 REGULATION OF ENERGY Ing. Joao de Canha

Directeur Bureau Telecommunicatie Post & Utiliteiten 10:15 – 10:30 Coffee Break10:30 – 11:00 THE BORNHOLM EXPERIMENT Per Lund Ph. D. | Denmark Chief Engineer at Energinet.dk 11:00 – 11:30 DURABLE ENERGY: TECHNOLOGIES Prof. dr. ir. David M.J. Smeulders | The Netherlands Technical University Eindhoven11:30 – 12:00 INNOVATIONS FIT FOR TROPICAL ISLANDS Drs. Jan Ebbing | Aruba Managing Director TNO Caribbean 12:00 – 1:15 Lunch 1:15– 1:45 AIRPORT CITY CURAÇAO Ir. Maurice Adriaens | Curaçao Director Curaçao Airport Holding 1:45 – 2:15 RENEWABLES AND THE GRID OPERATOR Darick Jonis M.Sc., MBA | Curaçao Director Aqualectra 2:15 – 2:45 TOWARD A GREENER ECONOMY HOW A BANK CAN HELP Sandra Odendahl, P. Eng. | Canada Director Corporate Environmental Affairs Royal Bank of Canada2:45 – 3:00 Coffee Break3:00 – 3:30 DURABLE OFFICES Dr. Jan Dirk Ferwerda | Curaçao Co-Managing Director Carensol 3:30 – 4:00 DURABLE ARCHITECTURE Prof. Carlos Weeber | Curaçao | Architect 4:00 – 4:45 OFFICIAL OPENING RECEPTION EXPOSITION LAUNCH OF SHORT FILM ON SUCCESS STORIES OF DURABLE ENERGY ON CURAÇAO Start of Photo Session with Mascot Iya Energia Dr. Gerrit Schotte Hon.4:00 – 8:00 EXPOSITION (free for public)

8:00 – 9:00 Registration9:00 – 9:15 OPENING AND WELCOME9:15 – 9:45 CURACAO, “THE SOLAR ENERGY CARIBBEAN PARADISE” Arnoldus Mateo van den Hurk Ph D. Mir. | Spain Solar Energy Advisor 9:45 – 10:15 PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE PV RENEWABLE ENERGY Luis Garrido M.Sc. | Spain Joint Managing Director of Assyce Group10:15 – 10:30 Coffee Break10:30 – 11:00 COLOMBIAN GAS MARKET Ricardo Ramírez Carrero M.Sc. | Colombia Secretario Técnico Consejo Nacional de Operación de Gas Natural 11:00 – 11:30 GAS OPPORTUNITIES AND ECONIMICS Drs. Floris van Foreest MBA | The Netherlands KEMA Gas Consulting Services 11:30 – 12:00 GAS SUPPLY CURAÇAO Enrique Laya | Colombia Gas export Project Manager of Pacific Rubiales Energy12:00 – 1:15 Lunch Speaker • Aqualectra1:15– 1:45 SWAC/OTEC | Ir. Ing. Gilbert Gouverneur | Curaçao Directeur Envior BV Drs. Remi Blokker | The Netherlands CEO Bluerise Diego Acevedo M.Sc. | The Netherlands VP Business Development Bluerise 1:45 – 2:15 WIND ENERGY CURAÇAO Ms. Margo Guda | Curaçao Fundashon Antiano pa Energia (FAPE)2:15 – 2:45 WIND ENERGY Dr. Ir. Jos Beurskens | The Netherlands Owner consultancy /scientific director of “We@Sea” Foundation 2:45 – 3:00 Coffee Break3:00 – 3:30 FINANCING DURABLE ENERGY PROJECTS Diego Belmonte M.Sc. | USA

Founder of Esound Energie 3:30 – 4:00 30 YEARS OF SOLAR ENERGY Jorge Torres Dipl. Ing. | Germany

Sales New Markets SMA 4:00 – 8:00 EXPOSITION (free for public)8:00 – 9:00 HAPPY HOUR FOR ALL CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS


Day 1: Thursday March 29th, 2012

4:00 – 4:45 OFFICIAL OPENING RECEPTION EXPOSITION LAUNCH OF SHORT FILM ON SUCCESS STORIES OF DURABLE ENERGY ON CURAÇAO Dr. Gerrit Schotte Hon.4:45 – 5:15 Aqualectra5:15 – 5:45 Eco Energy5:45 – 6:15 NuCapital6:15 – 6:45 Global Energy Now6:45 – 7:15 Buro Vijn7.15 – 7:45 Alternative Energy and Innovative Systems

4:00 – 4:30 DSB Designs4:30 – 5:00 Bedrijvenplatform5:00 – 5:30 Bright Tech Solutions5:30 – 6:00 Efficiencymart6:00 – 6:30 CIBC First Caribbean6:30 – 7:00 Eco Energy7:00 – 7:30 Aqualectra7:30 – 8:00 Buro Vijn

2:00 – 2:30 NuCapital2:30 – 3:00 Alternative Energy and Innovative Systems3:00 – 3:30 Bedrijvenplatform3:30 – 4:00 Bright Tech Solutions4:00 – 4:30 Efficiencymart4:30 – 5:00 DSB Designs



EXHIBITORSWORKSHOPS’SCHEDULE


Franklin Rosheuvel, Manager Energy & Automation, Inc.

Carel Cronenberg is Leading Profes-sional Sustainable Industry within DHV with a vast experience in the area of policy consultancy for the authori-ties and the industry. He has a chemi-

cal engineering background and worked as a Principal Process Engineer at a contracting engineering company. Carel has been responsible for many industrial feasibility studies related to emission reduction strategies and energy improvement. For CO2 emission trading (EU ETS) he was involved since the first discussion in the development of EU ETS and currently works on the implementation of the new ETS allocation methodologies. He has been involved in setting up of the allocation systems for the Netherlands, Bulgaria and Romania and the preparation of monitoring plans for various industries including chemical installations and refineries. He has also been involved in developing several JI and CDM projects. In assignment of the Dutch authorities he worked on streamlining the National Inventory (NIR) process including data management and the Kyoto reporting methodolo-gies. For the Slovak republic he worked on a capacity building project re-garding data management for the reporting of air pollutants. Furthermore, he has a broad experience in the energy sector and energy conversion technologies such as gasification and combustion of biomass and waste streams. He has been project manager of more than 50 projects, including energy benchmarking projects for the power sector, the refinery sector, the renewable energy sector and the transportation sector.

Will Allen, Vice President Business Development Synergy Renewables

Will Allen is presently vice President of Business Development in the Syn-ergy Renewables Group since 2006 and is closely involved with the compa-ny’s technology research, site selections and project development. He has previously been responsible for managing land teams with 500.000 acres of natural gas rights in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. And has distinct experience in renewable energy, wind energy in a 400.000 acres project in Wyoming. Education from the Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California.

After finishing college on the island of Curaçao, Frank Rosheuvel, moved to the Netherlands to follow a study in Electrical Engineering. Furthermore he obtained a masters degree in Applied Physics. Frank started working as an Instrumentation En-gineer afterwards, and now he has over 40 years of experience in the technical field working in different number of functions such as Process Control Engineer at Shell Curaçao, Manager Industrial Activities at Radio Holland Caribbean and Ma-nager Engineering Consultant at Energy & Automation, Inc. The last mentioned is also his current position, in which he works as a consultant on engineering for mechanical, electrical and plumbing installations and as an advisor the area of energy conser-vation and green energy application. He is specialized in building physics for warm climates championing modern insights for climate control using modern building materials and techniques for warm climates. For more than 20 years, he has been championing the SWAC system, resulting in the originator and lead consultant for the design of the SWAC system for Pisca-

dera and originator and concept design for a SWAC system at the airport of Curaçao. Moreover he has designed a 20 KW PV system for Aqualectra and the only Tier 4 Data Center in the Caribbean region. He also spends time as a board member of the Fundashon Antiyano Pa Energia and as a lecturer on electric motors at the University of Netherland Antilles.

Dr. Carel Cronenberg, Principal consultant DHV

Franck F. Haacke, President & CEO The Holland Group

Franck Haacke is citizen of the Nether-lands and resident of San Juan, Puerto Rico. He is presently senior advisor to Synergy Renewables from Dallas, Texas. Also President & CEO of The Holland

Group, based in San Juan, Puerto Rico and Member of the Board of Directors in the HGPI Consortium from Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. Haacke is member of the Board of the International Trade and Services Organization, Puerto Rico Shipping Association and a number of non - profit organizations. And former Royal Dutch Philips NV executive, Dean of the Consular Corps and Hon. Consul General of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands.


List of Exhibitors 1. Coral Solar 2. Coral Solar 3. Aqualectra 4. Aqualectra 5. Dynaf Caribbean 6. Alico 7. 8. EcoVision 9. Ernst & Young10. NuCapital11. CIBC12. ENVM Consultancy Support13. OMNI14. OMNI15. OMNI16. OMNI17. EcoEnergy18. EcoEnergy19. Bright Tech Solutions20. Korpodeko21. D-Sign Art Services NV22. Efficiencymart23. Schnog Imports NV24. Interled BV25. D.S.B.Designs26. Global Energy Now 27. Alternative Energy and Innovative Systems28. Bedrijvenplatform

Plas

a Pa

dre

Pio



Korá. This wind farm consisted of 12 x 250 kW turbines totaling 3 MW. In 2001 a second wind farm was constructed at Playa Canoa with a capacity of 9 MW consisting of 18 wind turbines of 500 kW. In the mean time now AQUALECTRA has decided to replace both wind farms with new up-to-date utility grade wind turbines from Vestas totaling 30 MW consisting of two wind farms of each 5 turbines with a capacity of 3 MW each. Wind energy can be competitive when applied on a large scale. The advantage is that it replaces fossil fuel, so emissions are reduced and therefore it is much more environmentally friendly.At first, the wind energy project was used as a pilot project to research the technical feasibility of connecting the wind turbines to the distribution system of AQUALECTRA. From the investigations, it appeared that connecting the wind turbines to the distribution system of AQUALECTRA is technically and economically feasible. Therefore, AQUALECTRA considered the expansion of the wind park. It does so in cooperation with Delta Caribbean N.V. or other IPPs. Wind energy will never be able to completely replace the conventional systems of generating energy. Sustainable and conventional forms of energy generation will rather complement each other. At present, the wind parks at Tera Korá and Playa Kanoa produce an average of 7 MW. With this, an estimated 4,000 households can be supplied with electricity.

How do windmills work?Energy is generated via windmills as follows. The wind passes through the windmill blades and makes the mill turn and the generator that is connected to the mill will generate electricity. The generated electricity then transported via cables in the tower of the windmill to AQUALECTRA’s distribution system.

Solar energyIn 1995 KODELA installed her first grid integrated solar panel on the roof of their office at Dokweg. At the end of February 2000, the then KAE installed the photovoltaic system, or simply the system for generating electricity by means of solar energy, on the roof of its office.Solar energy can still not compete with fossil energy due to low efficiencies and high investment costs. The advantage of solar energy is the much lower environmental impact. The implementation of the photovoltaic system was meant to:• gain experience with a grid connected PV (Photovoltaic)

system ;• gain experience with the civil aspects of the PV as a roof

replacement;• create awareness for sustainable energy;• get insight into the economic viability.

When speaking about sustainable energy, we are referring to energy from natural and durable energy sources, such as wind, sun and sea; resources that are abundant in Curaçao. A part of the objectives of AQUALECTRA’s Utility Plan 2020 is lowering the environmental impact of its operation, energy security and less dependency of crude oil. In order to achieve these objective, sun and wind energy projects in Curaçao are promoted and investments for further expansion will be considered.In addition to the fact that, sustainable energy production is environmentally friendly, it also offers benefits for the socio-economic development of Curaçao. There is a strong correlation between the socio-economic development of Curaçao and energy supply. The influence on the economy is accentuated more strongly, because, as an island with no energy resources of its own, the energy sector is completely dependent on import and international market developments. In view of the available technology, sustainable energy must be able to become economically viable on Curacao and, thereby making the island less dependent on fluctuations on the international oil market. The economy can benefit from this by realizing more stable and on the long run lower cost and, with this, improve its competitive position with respect to the region. In addition, it will be possible to reduce foreign exchange outflow, when one’s own energy resources are used in a correct manner.

Wind energyIn 1985 the first wind turbine a NEWEC 25 Stork wind turbine, was installed and taken in operation by KODELA. The main reason for installing this wind turbine was to give KODELA the possibility to evaluate if this was something they could consider in their production mix in the future, and at the same time educate their workers to operate wind turbines. This wind turbine was in operation until the beginning of 1991. There were only four of these wind turbines build of which this one stayed in operation the longest. Due to rapid development in new turbines, it was difficult to get service for the first wind turbine and the decision was taking to abandon operation. The experiences gained with this turbine were the basis for further expanding the use of wind in islands production mix.In 1993, KODELA constructed its own wind park at Tera

The 2012 Conference/Expo on the future of Durable Energy18Aqualectra: Pioneer in the Caribbean


Durable Energy:Environmentally

friendly&

Beneficial for thesocio-economic

developmentof Curaçao

: 20.000 Wattpiek: 3 X 127/220 Volt : 50 Hertz : 168 : 157 m2 : 15°

: 1440 Wattpiek: 24 Volt: 600 Ampère uur: 230 Volt: 3.000 Voltampère

: 360 Wattpiek: 12 Volt: 240 Ampère uur: 127 Volt: 1.300 Voltampère

: 360 Wattpiek: 12 Volt: 240 Ampère uur: 12 Volt: 360 Voltampère

Technical data of solar energy

Mains-linked system:- Design capacity- Nominal voltage on the mains- Nominal frequency- Number of solar panels- Total surface of solar panels- Angle of inclination of solar panels

‘ Stand-alone system 1- Design capacity- Nominal DC voltage- Nominal battery capacity- Nominal AC output voltage- Nominal AC output capacity

‘Stand-alone system 2- Design capacity- Nominal DC voltage- Nominal battery capacity- Nominal AC output voltage- Nominal AC output capacity

‘Stand-alone system 3- Design capacity- Nominal DC voltage- Nominal battery capacity- Nominal AC output voltage- Nominal AC output capacity

The PV system installed at Mundo Nobo has a peak capacity of 20,000 Watts. The system is connected to the grid, but operates also as a stand-alone. The system at AQUALECTRA produces an average of 75 kWh per day. With this, an estimated 5 households can be supplied with electricity.

In 2003 AQUALECTRA installed a new Solar installation at its water reservoirs on the Tafel berg. This installation has a capacity of 38000 Watt’s and operates as a stand-alone system powering the complete reservoir operations and lighting.

How do the photocells work?The process by which a solar cell works is called photovoltaic conversion: the conversion of light into electricity. The most widely used solar cell is made from silicon and consists of two layers. By means of chemical additives, a difference in voltage is created on the separation, comparable to the plus and the minus of a battery. Under the influence of light, extra electrons are loosened and electric current starts running between the connections of both layers. A photovoltaic system consists of a number of solar panels. Each solar panel is built up of a number of linked solar cells.





ColophonConference newspaper

Publisher:Bureau Telecomunicatie Post & Utiliteiten

Text & coordination: Practical Business Solutions B.V.

Design & layout:Dajo Graphics N.V.

Printing: Drukkerij De Stad

Documents

korant konferensha