Kristof Baten: L2 German case development: From marking the position to marking the function

8/4/2019 Kristof Baten: L2 German case development: From marking the position to marking the function

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From Marking the Position to Marking the

From marking the position to marking the function Kristof Baten - 13/09/2011

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Kristof Baten


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PLEASE CITE AS:

Baten, K. (2011). From Marking the Position to Marking theFunction. Presentation delivered at the 11th PALASymposium, Processability Approaches to LanguageAcquisition, Innsbruck, Austria, September 12-13.


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OUTLINE


CASE DEVELOPMENT

RESULTS OF LONGITUDINAL STUDY


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SYNTACTIC DEVELOPMENT

Canonical word order: S V Oagent


SUBJ

Initial NP

Der Hund jagt die Katze

The dog chases the cat.


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SYNTACTIC DEVELOPMENT

ADJ S V O *drauen der Hund jagt die Katze

- -


ADJ V S O drauen jagt der Hund die Katzeoutside chases the-NOM dog the-ACC cat

OBJ V SUBJ die Katze jagt der Hundthe-ACC cat chases the-NOM dog


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CASE DEVELOPMENT

First: features that require no or littleprocedural energy


From least marked, feature-scant towards morefeature-rich and more marked structures

Lees universal scale of unmarked mapping

GF: SUBJ >Non-SUBJCase: NOM >OBL

Position: initial >Non-initial


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CASE DEVELOPMENT

ALL-NOMINATIVE STAGE


DIRECT MAPPING

POSITION MARKING

FUNCTIONAL MARKING


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ALL-NOMINATIVE

Nominative forms in every context


Nominative forms Case markers

Abstract case marking: SV-agreement

Canonical word order to convey semantic relations


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POSITION MARKING

= extension of direct mapping


= nominative subject, accusative direct object anddative indirect object

DOR: der vater bringt ihm *seinen buchertasche

the father brings [him-DAT]IO [his-ACC bookcase]DO(correct: seine Buchertasche his-ACC:FEM bookcase)


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FUNCTIONAL MARKING

Non-canonical word order


Case markers irrespective of position

*STE: ja den knopf hat er ausgezogen

yes the-ACC button has he pulled.off

*STE: die oma erzahlt eine geschichte / dem einzelkindthe grandma tells a story the-DAT grandchild


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CASE DEVELOPMENT

all-nominative


< direct case mapping

< position marking (canonical word order)

< functional marking (non-canonical)


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RESULTS

Lon itudinal stud


Oral language production data

11 learners: 9 pupils and 2 university students

Over a period of two years


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ALL-NOMINATIVE

Preverbal subject Posterverbal object

JEL MIC SIL TIN MIC SIL TINJEL


+ * - + * - + * - + * -

t1 14 9 4 30 7 0 12 16 0 24 20 0

t2 26 18 0 55 9 0 40 17 0 32 13 0

t3 47 13 0 58 13 0 39 16 0 36 10 0

t4 38 30 5 75 20 0 51 21 0 51 11 0

t5 56 14 0 64 28 0 59 25 0 66 13 0

t6 47 5 0 51 23 0 45 28 0 46 17 0

time

+ * - + * - + * - + * -

t1 1 4 1 0 5 12 1 5 2 1 8 1

t2 0 10 2 1 12 6 0 13 3 3 17 4

t3 4 20 1 3 17 6 1 19 0 0 26 4

t4 2 25 4 2 30 11 0 27 10 0 17 16

t5 1 23 12 0 39 14 1 22 11 0 24 13

t6 0 14 9 0 20 10 3 22 13 0 17 6

time


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ALL-NOMINATIVE

*ANO: und euh der passant euh nehmt *der comic (14513)

and euh the-NOM passerby euh takes the comic


*MIC: du siehst nur die mutter und *der sohn (19762)you-NOM see only the mother and the son

*JEL: *der schlange isst esst *der tiger (19499)

the-NOM:MASC snake (fem.) eats eats the tiger

(correct: die Schlange the-NOM:FEM snake)


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ALL-NOMINATIVE

Indirect object in canonical position


DAT (1) 1

ACC 1

N/A 3 3 6 3

N/(D) 2 1 7 3

NOM 1


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DIRECT CASE MAPPING

Preverbal subject

ANO CHA DOR MYR STI BUR STE


me

+ * - + * - + * - + * - + * - + * - + * -

t1 26 11 0 21 17 0 13 7 0 11 15 0 16 20 2 29 21 1 27 26 0

t2 42 4 0 46 4 0 31 12 0 45 7 0 41 3 4 39 7 0 58 10 0

t3 44 6 0 39 6 1 49 25 0 43 9 0 46 12 4 76 16 1 57 15 0

t4 68 12 0 48 14 0 60 23 6 51 25 0 37 21 0 63 33 0 88 23 0

t5 62 4 0 47 8 1 64 39 0 63 23 0 57 13 0

t6 39 17 0 37 24 1 22 32 2 18 27 0 34 13 0


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DIRECT CASE MAPPING

Postverbal object

ANO CHA DOR MYR STI BUR STE


me

+ * - + * - + * - + * - + * - + * - + * -

t1 1 6 3 9 5 1 0 3 2 0 4 4 3 5 2 9 16 1 15 6 1

t2 0 12 5 3 12 2 1 8 5 2 15 7 3 9 2 6 11 1 12 10 0

t3 1 15 5 11 14 2 6 23 1 4 13 3 7 18 1 18 31 1 13 10 0

t4 3 19 10 21 13 1 15 26 10 1 22 9 1 25 1 19 20 1 46 11 0

t5 26 9 3 17 11 1 7 25 10 3 26 7 2 20 4

t6 11 7 7 18 16 1 15 12 2 5 13 6 2 17 7


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DIRECT CASE MAPPING

*STI: sie liest den brief (23901) er hat einen brief (23850)

she reads the-ACC:MASC letter he has a-ACC:MASC latter


*MYR: der sohn euh nehmt seine // nimmt *seinen fahrrad (21589)the son euh takes his // takes his-ACC:MASC bicycle

(correct: das Fahrrad the-ACC:NEUT bicycle)

*DOR: der mutter euh schickt den jungen weg (16878)

the mother euh sends the-ACC:MASC boy-ACC away


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POSITION MARKING

Indirect object in canonical position

ANO BUR CHA DOR MYR STE STI


DAT 2 7 4 5 3ACC 4 2 13 1 2 2

N/A 3 1 4 3 4 3

N/(D) 3 4 6 4 3

NOM 1 1


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POSITION MARKING

LearnerData

Attestations


ANO t5 der vater gebt dem buhmann einen uppercut

BUR t4 er gebt seinem sohn den zweiten knopfCHA t5 er gibt dem buhmann einen uppercut

DOR t5 und der vater bringt ihm *seinen bchertasche

STE t4 der vater muss seinem sohn noch einen knopf geben


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NON-CANONICAL DIRECT OBJECT

Data point ANO BUR CHA DOR JEL MIC MYR SIL STE STI TIN


t2t3t4 1 3ACC 1ACC 1 3 1 2 6ACC 1

t5 1 1 1

t6 1


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*TIN: aber *der anderen stock lsst der hund liegen

but [the-NOM other cane]INANIM leaves [the dog]ANIM untouched

(correct: den anderen Stock the-ACC:MASC other-ACC stock)


*SIL:*der ersten geht er holen und *der zweite stock lsst er liegen

[the-NOM first]INANIM goes heANIM fetch and [the-NOM secondcane]INANIM leaves heANIM untouched

(correct: den ersten the-ACC:MASC first-ACC; den zweiten Stockthe-ACC:MASC second-ACC stock)


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*CHA: und euh den stock der anderen mann ja lasst euh er liegen

and euh the-ACC:MASC cane of the other man yeah leaves euh


he untouched

*CHA: euh er ja geht den stock halen euh holen ins wasser

euh he yeah goes the-ACC:MASC cane euh fetch in the water


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*BUR: den einen holt er zurck .. und den anderen lsst er im wasserthe-ACC one-ACC fetches he back and the-ACC other-ACC


leaves he in.the water

*BUR: er wirft auch seinen stock ins wasser

he throws also his-ACC cane into the water

*BUR: der stock ist noch im wasser

the-NOM cane is still in.the water


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*STE: den butler ruft der vater an (28322)

the-ACC butler rings the father



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NON-CANONICAL INDIRECT OBJECT

ANO BUR CHA DOR JEL MIC MYR SIL STE STI TIN

t1 1 1 3DAT


t2 1 1 1 1

t3 1 2DAT 2 2 2DAT 1 1t4 8DAT 2DAT

t5 1 - 1 - 2

t6 1 -3DAT1ACC

1ACC 1 2 1 - 1 1


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NON-CANONICAL INDIRECT OBJECT

*STE: eine oma erzhlt eine geschichte dem einzelkind

a grandma tells a story the-DAT grandchild


*CHA: aber der vater verbietet es ihm

but the father forbids it him-DAT

*BUR: diesen knopf gibt er seinem sohn

this-ACC button give he-NOM his-DAT son


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CONCLUSION

Implicational sequence


Canonical word order< Direct case mapping

< Position marking

< Functional marking

From marking the position to marking the function


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CONCLUSION

JEL MIC SIL TIN STI MYR DOR ANO CHA BUR STE

FUNCTIONAL- - - - - - - - + + +


POSITION

MARKING- - - - - - + + + + +

DIRECT

MAPPING- - - - + + + + + + +

ALL-

NOMINATIVE + + + + + + + + + + +


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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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Kristof Baten: L2 German case development: From marking the position to marking the function