KU120-19KU120-19Unit 6 SeminarUnit 6 Seminar

Classification and Classification and Compare/Contrast Patterns Compare/Contrast Patterns

of Organizationof Organization

Laura Zapalski Laura Zapalski

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Tonight’s AgendaTonight’s Agenda Questions?Questions? Pattern: ClassificationPattern: Classification

Typical Topic SentencesTypical Topic Sentences Telltale visual AidsTelltale visual Aids Taking NotesTaking Notes

Pattern: Comparison and ContrastPattern: Comparison and Contrast TransitionsTransitions Typical Topic SentencesTypical Topic Sentences Taking NotesTaking Notes

OutliningOutlining Venn DiagramVenn Diagram

ReviewReview

Key ConceptsKey Concepts

Classification pattern of organization -- Classification pattern of organization -- In this In this pattern, each part of a topic is broken down to explain pattern, each part of a topic is broken down to explain the different parts. the different parts.

Compare and Contrast Pattern of Organization, the Compare and Contrast Pattern of Organization, the reading will be organized to show similarities and reading will be organized to show similarities and differences between two concepts or topics.differences between two concepts or topics.

An analytical text summary is a description of an An analytical text summary is a description of an article, book, passage, or other reading that is written in article, book, passage, or other reading that is written in your own words.your own words.

ClassificationClassification

This pattern is used to breakdown a topic This pattern is used to breakdown a topic into different parts. It explains the parts of into different parts. It explains the parts of the whole. For example, you may see an the whole. For example, you may see an article about different jobs that are article about different jobs that are available in a particular business. Each job available in a particular business. Each job would be included and then an would be included and then an explanation would be given about each job explanation would be given about each job and how it relates to the other jobs. and how it relates to the other jobs.

More on ClassificationMore on Classification

Understanding how to use this organization pattern Understanding how to use this organization pattern can assist you in both your reading comprehension can assist you in both your reading comprehension as well as improving your writing skills. There are as well as improving your writing skills. There are key words that assist a reader in knowing that a key words that assist a reader in knowing that a reading is organized by classification. reading is organized by classification.

Examples of key words that will help you know the Examples of key words that will help you know the reading is a classification pattern of organization reading is a classification pattern of organization are as follows:are as follows: Number of characteristics Number of characteristics Number of parts Number of parts Number of sections Number of sections Number of typesNumber of types

Why do we care about patterns Why do we care about patterns of organization?of organization?

Recognizing these organizational Recognizing these organizational patterns will serve you by helping you patterns will serve you by helping you do the following:do the following:

1.1. make predictions to guide your make predictions to guide your reading reading

2.2. identify key points identify key points 3.3. decide how best to take notesdecide how best to take notes4.4. give you a framework for give you a framework for

remembering details remembering details

Frequently Used Words in Frequently Used Words in Classification Topic SentencesClassification Topic Sentences

CategoriesCategories ComponentsComponents FieldsFields RanksRanks GroupsGroups PartsParts FactorsFactors

ElementsElements FeaturesFeatures ProblemsProblems TypesTypes KindsKinds ClassesClasses

Sample Topic Sentences That Sample Topic Sentences That Indicate ClassificationIndicate Classification

1.1. Scientific experiments fall into four Scientific experiments fall into four different categories.different categories.

2.2. Bestsellers can be divided into three types.Bestsellers can be divided into three types.

3.3. The Indian caste system once assigned The Indian caste system once assigned human beings to four different groups, with human beings to four different groups, with Brahmans at the top of the heap and the Brahmans at the top of the heap and the untouchables at the bottom.untouchables at the bottom.

Your notes should clearly Your notes should clearly identify…identify…

1.1. The name of the larger group being The name of the larger group being broken down into subgroupsbroken down into subgroups

2.2. The names of the categories if they The names of the categories if they are suppliedare supplied

3.3. A brief description of each categoryA brief description of each category

Example OneExample One

There are three types of blood vessels in the There are three types of blood vessels in the human body. Arteries carry blood away from the human body. Arteries carry blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. Arterial blood heart to all parts of the body. Arterial blood appears bright red because it is filled with oxygen. appears bright red because it is filled with oxygen. In contrast, blood in the veins, another type of In contrast, blood in the veins, another type of blood vessel, purplish because it is no longer blood vessel, purplish because it is no longer carrying a supply of oxygen. The third type of carrying a supply of oxygen. The third type of blood vessel is the capillary. Capillaries are tiny blood vessel is the capillary. Capillaries are tiny vessels that connect arteries and veins. Their vessels that connect arteries and veins. Their walls are thin and digested food, or nutrients, walls are thin and digested food, or nutrients, pass through them to the cells of the body.pass through them to the cells of the body.

Graphic Organizer: Graphic Organizer: Tree DiagramTree Diagram

Blood Vessels

Arteries Veins Capillaries

Blood is red, oxygenated

Blood is purplish,no oxygen

Thin walls, carry nutrients

Compare/ContrastCompare/Contrast

Comparisons point out similarities between two Comparisons point out similarities between two topics; while contrasts point out differences. topics; while contrasts point out differences. Often, a paragraph will point out both Often, a paragraph will point out both similarities and differences.similarities and differences.

When looking at topics of this nature you When looking at topics of this nature you should be able to answer the following should be able to answer the following questions: How are these topics the same? How questions: How are these topics the same? How are they different?are they different?

Transitions that Signal…Transitions that Signal… SimilaritySimilarity

Along the same linesAlong the same lines AlsoAlso By the same tokenBy the same token In comparisonIn comparison In the same wayIn the same way Just asJust as LikeLike LikewiseLikewise SimilarlySimilarly

DifferenceDifference ActuallyActually AlthoughAlthough YetYet ButBut ConverselyConversely HoweverHowever InsteadInstead NonethelessNonetheless On the other handOn the other hand StillStill WhereasWhereas

Sample Topic Sentences Sample Topic Sentences That Indicate That Indicate

Compare/ContrastCompare/Contrast1.1. Scientists Enrico Fermi and Robert J. Scientists Enrico Fermi and Robert J.

Oppenheimer had very different Oppenheimer had very different feelings about the success of the feelings about the success of the Manhattan Project.Manhattan Project.

2.2. France and Germany were both France and Germany were both against the 2003 war with Iraq, but against the 2003 war with Iraq, but they showed their disagreement in they showed their disagreement in very different ways.very different ways.

Your notes should clearly Your notes should clearly identify…identify…

1.1. the two topics being compared and/or the two topics being compared and/or contrastedcontrasted

2.2. the similarities and/or differences the similarities and/or differences between the twobetween the two

3.3. the main idea they explain or supportthe main idea they explain or support

Example Comparison and Example Comparison and Contrast ParagraphContrast Paragraph

Despite being parts of Rhodesia during colonial Despite being parts of Rhodesia during colonial times, Zambia and Zimbabwe have many differences. times, Zambia and Zimbabwe have many differences. Both countries began as British colonies, but Both countries began as British colonies, but Zambia gained its independence in 1964. Zimbabwe Zambia gained its independence in 1964. Zimbabwe was not independent until 1980. While Zambia is was not independent until 1980. While Zambia is able to rely on its mineral wealth, agriculture able to rely on its mineral wealth, agriculture amounts for Zimbabwe’s primary economic amounts for Zimbabwe’s primary economic activities. Zambia’s elections have been somewhat activities. Zambia’s elections have been somewhat democratic and peaceful for decades; whereas, democratic and peaceful for decades; whereas, Zimbabwe is currently facing possibly their very first Zimbabwe is currently facing possibly their very first truly democratic election.truly democratic election.

Analytical SummaryAnalytical Summary

In the first sentence, identify the main idea of the passage

In the body of the paragraph (could be from 3-5 sentences), explain the details that support the main idea (the supporting details).

In the last sentence, include a concluding sentence that reviews the ideas supplied in the rest of the paragraph.

Analytical Summary Cont’dAnalytical Summary Cont’d

The author discusses the three types of blood vessels in the human body and the different jobs they do. The arteries are responsible for transporting blood from the heart to all other parts of the body. These vessels appear red because they are filled with oxygen. However, blood in the veins appear purplish because they do not have a supply of oxygen. The final type of blood vessel, capillaries, are tiny and connect arteries to veins. Through their thin walls nutrients are able to travel to the body’s cells. The three types of blood vessels are all important to the body’s functioning although they have different purposes.

Unit 6 To DoUnit 6 To Do

ReadingReading Seminar (5)Seminar (5) Discussion (40)Discussion (40) Unit 6 Project (105)Unit 6 Project (105)

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