KUALA LUMPUR Guideline And Framework For Green …€¦ · Guideline And Framework For Green Township In Malaysia DR. ... ・Social governance system encompassing efforts to build

Seminar On Sustainable Cities-Sharing Swedish Experience24th MAY2011, PARK ROYAL HOTEL,

KUALA LUMPUR

Guideline And Framework For Green Township In Malaysia

DR. DAHLIA BINTI ROSLY

DIRECTOR

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION

NORLIZA HASHIM

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF

PLANNERS

Malaysian Institute of Planners

Presented by:

Federal Department of Town and

Country Planning Department

http://www.grida.no/publications/vg/climate/page/3073.aspx

POTENTIAL CLIMATE CHANGES IMPACT

2

(GHG)

Industrial

Drought

Famine

Flood

Human Activities

Climate Features

Major Threats

Deforestation

CH4

N2O SeaLevel Rise

Adaptation from UNEP/GRID-Arendal, Climate Change: Processes and Threats,2005.

DISASTER

Melting of Ice

Cloud

Global

Warming

UpheavelOf Ocean

Circulation

Precipitation

Interference

Carbon

Cycle

Landuse

ChangeUrbanisation

Burning of

Fossil Fuel

Transport

AgricultureHeat

Destructionof Biodiversity

Change in Life

Style

Threat to Economy

Typhoon

Outbreakof Desease

Loss of Lives

CO2

CLIMATE CHANGE PROCESS &

EFFECTS

3

Energy

EfficiencyWater

Management

Waste

Management

Economic

Vibrancy

Green

Transportation

Environmental

Protection

Heritage

Conservation

Social

Harmony

… and towards a low carbon lifestyle

COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH

TOWARDS ‘GREEN PLANNING’

• Urban Environment

• Community design

• Transportation

• Infrastructure

• Buildings

DIMENSIONS FOR GREEN

DEVELOPMENT

6

International collaboration for sustainable cities and regions in the low carbon society

Knowledge and wisdom of low-carbon cities in Europe and America (Western style)

・ Low-carbon efforts in the midst of a shift toward a post-industrial and post-material society

・ High levels of eco-consciousness among citizens and companies and capabilities to coordinate diverse entities and manage cities

Challenge to build low-carbon cities in Asia (Asian style)

• Promoting low-carbon efforts interlocked with industrialization and

economic growth

• Promoting projects based on a top-down approach; capabilities to

implement policies

• Communities with capabilities to take eco-action based on experiences with

environmental pollution

Knowledge of low-carbon cities ( eg. Japan style)

・ Low-carbon packages that take advantage of technology and product development capabilities

focusing on fulfilling targets (a combination of device technologies, network technologies, and

social technologies)

・ Social governance system encompassing efforts to build eco-consciousness among citizens

and companies

6

TENTH MALAYSIAN PLAN

(1Oth MP)

Thrust 4th: Improving the Standard and Sustainability of

Quality of Life

Chapter 3 - Ensuring Effective

Sourcing

and Delivery of Energy

Chapter 6 - Developing a Climate

Resilient Growth

Strategy

7

To mainstreaming climate changes through wise

management of resources and enhanced environmental conservation resulting in strengthened economic

competitiveness and improved quality of life.

NATIONAL POLICY ON CLIMATE CHANGE

8

Strategic Thrust 2 : Provide Conducive Environment for Green Technology Development

Strategic Thrust 5 : Promotion and Public Awareness

EnergyEnvironment Economy Social

4 Pillars : Strategic Thrust :

9

NATIONAL GREEN TECHNOLOGY POLICY

(NGTP)

http://aa.wrs.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0S0zuwnbjJMahQAZJruPwx./SIG=125gkn0j1/EXP=1278459815/**http:/www.flickr.com/photos/mcginnes/2316778632/

PLANNING SUSTAINABLE GREEN

NEIGHBOUHOODS

To improve the Quality of Life of communities

through Sustainable Green Neighbourhood

approaches and design, taking into

consideration Technology, Social, Environment

and Economic Well Being of the people10

11

Eco-cities and green neighbourhoods towards a low-carbon society(TECHNOLOGY PLUS LIFESTYLE CHANGES)

• Shifting from single innovations to collaborative social innovations

Technology Innovation→System Innovation or Collective Innovation

• Applying best practices to structural innovations in the social system

Single advanced environmental technology(e.g. wind power generation)

Single advanced environmental technology(e.g. photovoltaic power generation)

Single advanced environmental technology

Single environmental technology innovations

Mid- and long-term low-carbon targets

Collaborative innovations to bring technologies together

Community-based innovations (cities and districts)

Planning and Design Guides for Social innovations in low

carbon/green neighbourhoods cities and districts

GREEN NEIGHBOURHOODPLANNING GUIDELINES

12

Federal Department of Town and Country Planning

Ministry of Housing and Local Government Malaysia

• Prepare Planning Guidelines;

• Initiate the sustainable development

concept into spatial planning;

• Provide guidance on how to use

guidelines to local authorities, state

authority, and developer

• Up to 9th MP, 41 Planning Guidelines were

established and being reviewed;

• 21 Planning Guidelines are expected to be

finalise by 2011;

• 5 new Planning Guidelines are under the

process of preparation.

Planning Guidelines

13



The Purpose of Planning Guidelinei. As a basis for the state government to formulate policies and regulations to

promote green neighbourhood development in respective states;

ii. To assist Local Authorities to recognize whether a specific development is

a conventional one or green neighbourhood development; and

iii. Provide design guidance for developers/players when planning a green

neighbourhood.

14



Definition of Neighbourhood

A neighbourhood is a geographically

localised community within a larger city,

town or suburb.

Neighbourhoods are often social

communities with considerable face-to-

face interaction among members.

It is a basic module for townships, can be

based on size, function or threshold with

shared amenities.



Definition of Green Neighbourhood

Protection and consumption of natural resources;

Application of green technology; and

recycling;

that seeks to preserve the environment, reduce the

ecological footprint, reduce the production of carbon

emission, improving of public health, safety as well as

general welfare of city dwellers.

Neighbourhood area is planned and designed in an

integrated manner with the priority given to -

16



Comparison between Of Conventional Neighbourhood And

Green Neighbourhood

Conventional Neighbourhood Green Neighbourhood

Building, infrastructure and utilities development of are not environmentalfriendly.

Apply green approaches in buildings, infrastructure, utility and built environment as a whole.

Wasteful use of resources and over-dependence on natural resources.

Practice efficient management of resource.

Private transport oriented. Public transportation system are not integrated.

Lifestyle: private automobile oriented and making multi trips

Transit oriented development with integration of multiple transportation mode, supported by variety of facilities.

Lifestyle that reduces making unnecessary trips, promotes walkability, narrower/skinnier streets.

Priority given to greenfield development, encouraging sprawl.

Priority given to brownfield/infill site to conserve land and energy resources.

17



Scope of the Guidelines

The Planning Guideline

is applicable to –

new development;

existing development

through retro-fitting and

adaptation; and

Redevelopment projects.

18



Contents of the Guideline

Definition of Green Neighbourhood

Scope of the Guidelines

Planning Principles

General Guidelines of Green

Neighbourhood

Specific Guidelines of Green

Neighbourhood

Implementation Framework

19



Planning Principles

IN TANDEM WITH THE TOTAL PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DOCTRINE 1997

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN AND THE ENVIRONMENT

CLEANLINESS AND BEAUTY

PRESERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCES

ECONOMIC AND EFFECTIVE USE OF RESOURCES

20



IN TANDEM WITH THE TOTAL PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DOCTRIN 1997

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN AND HIS FELLOW MAN

PEACE AND SECURITY

UNITY

PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT COOPERATION AND MUTUAL RESPECT

Planning Principles

21



- Interpretation -

PLANNING PRINCIPLES

i. Priority given to sustainability and environment of aspect;

ii. Creating sustainable communities living in harmony, heathly and interact with each other;

iii. Create high accessibility environment;

iv. Comfortable human scale neighbourhoods design;

22



vi. Containing the features of afforable housing;

vii. Provide Green Infrastructure/ “greenfrastructure”;

viii. energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy (RE).

continued….

- Interpretation -

PLANNING PRINCIPLES

23



General Guidelines

24



General Guidelines

i. Site Selection and site planning

ii. Application of green technology in building

development

iii. Walkability and Connectivity

iv. Green network

v. Safe neighbourhood

vi. Short distance to transit

vii. Green Infrastructure (Greenfrastructure)

viii. Mixed-use development

ix. High density

x. Green community network

25



i. Site Selection and Site Planning

Avoid ESAs;

Priority given to brownfield/Infill development;

Connect existing street network with the adjacent

network; and

Integrated infrastructure.

continued….

General Guidelines

26



ii. Application of green technology

in building development

Comply to international and

national assessment criterias for

green building

General Guidelines

27



iii. Walkability and Connectivity

Pedestrian network is interconnected

and accessible to all amenities and

services.

Apply Universal Design/Barrier-free

Design

Destination and amenities are within

walking distance

General Guidelines

28



iv. Green Network

Planting strips and street

trees.

Connecting the natural

habitat and waterway with

landscape or garden.

Neighbourhood farming

plot

Home ‘green plots’

continued….

General Guidelines

29



v. Safe Neighbourhood

Incorporate Crime

Prevention Through

Environmental

Design (CPTED)

when planning and

designing a green

neighbourhood

continued….

General Guidelines

30



vi. Short distance to transit

Rapid, convenient and efficient transit service.

continued….

General Guidelines

31



vii. Providing Green Infrastructure

Provision of green infrastructure

through application of

technology or using natural

methods.

continued….

General Guidelines

32



viii. Mixed-use Development

Diverse landuse.

Mixed use/ multiuse

building.

Diversity of activities.

Continued….

General Guidelines

33



ix. High density development

Higher density are located in,

adjacent to or within close

proximity to the core area.

Lower density are generally

are located at the edge of the

neighbourhood.

Density is crucial in supporting

public transportation and as a

threshold to support

community facilities.

Continued….

General Guidelines

34

Compact Development



x. Green Community Network

Sambungan….

General Guidelines

Community-driven

Public involvement in

neighbourhood planning

and design process through

community discourse and

social media

Good green leadership.

36



G r e e n N e i g h b o u r h o o d D e s i g n

37

Specific Guidelines



A. GREEN NEIGHBOURHOOD

DESIGN

i. Neighbourhood Size

ii. Density

iii. Composition of Mixed Land

Use

iv. Variety of Housing Types

v. Street Network

vi. Transit Services

vii. Streetscape

viii.Public Open Space

ix. Neighbourhood Centre

x. Local Food Production

SPECIFIC GUIDELINES

38

B. GREEN

INFRASTRUCTURE

i. Rainwater

Harvesting

ii. Rain Garden or Bio-

retention

iii. Roof Top Garden

iv. Permeable paver

v. On-Site Renewable

Energy



Neighbourhood Size

Continued….

A module neighbourhood is

designed at a walkable

scale – with an at least 10

minute’s walk to main

community facilities.

Proposed a module should

not be more than 125

acres.

Green Neighbourhood Design

39



Continued….

Residential densities, lot sizes and housing types may be varied, but

the average gross density of the developed area should be at least 12

units per acre (medium density).

Options/ Example of Housing Density

Medium Density

12 units semi-detached/acre;

20 units terrace/acre; and

24 units townhouse/acre.

High Density : 30 units apartment/acre.

If necessary to build Low Density

Component in development, it should

be located at periphery of

neighbourhood

6 units bungalow/acre.

Green Neighbourhood DesignNeighbourhood Density

40



Continued….

Green Neighbourhood DesignComposition of Mixed Land Use

A neighbourhood module must have a

mixture of residential and non-residential

land use.

Some non-residential component to support

neighbourhood’s self-sufficiency.

Minimum 15% of floor space is for

commercial use.

The school should located at the edge of

the neighbourhood for future sharing of

facilities.

Provision of public amenities should be in

accordance with the JPBD Planning

Guideline of Public Facilities (2011).

41



Comprises of different economic

background of communities;

Provide affordable housing;

Provide barrier free housing with

consideration of special needs as

in JPBD Universal Design

Guidelines, (2011).

Continued….

Green Neighbourhood DesignVariety of Housing Types

42



Encourage pedestrian connectivity

by providing sidewalks and alleys.

Provide route options, for efficient

internal movements and between

adjacent neighbourhoods.

Discourage cul-de-sac.

Streets are relatively narrow and

shaded by rows of trees.

Continued….

Green Neighbourhood DesignStreet Network

43



Transit oriented development

Bus stop should be located

within 5 minutes walking

distance. Transit station within

10 minutes walking distance

Transit system to be

supported by pedestrian

network and feeder services

Continued….

Green Neighbourhood Design

Transit Service

44



Road capacity criteria to

align with street function

and character (e.g avenue,

boulevard, alley, parklane

etc.

Provide sidewalks.

Buildings facing streets and

street-oriented.

All buildings to be

accessible by pedestrians

Continued….

Green Neighbourhood DesignStreetscape

45



Continued….

Green Neighbourhood DesignPublic Open Space

At least a plot of open

space is provided in the

neighbourhood.

Urban Park should be

located at the edge of

neighbourhood and shared

with adjacent

neighbourhood.

Provide *10% public open

space.

46



Provide discernable community

centre;

Provide design components that

can create sense of community

and sense of identity;

Provide car free zone and

encourage pedestrianization

Designed to cater for special

needs and people with

disabilities.

Continued….

Green Neighbourhood DesignNeighbourhood Centre

47



Continued….

Green Neighbourhood DesignLocal Food Production

Encourage local food

production (Community and/or

home plots)

Implement the Chief Secretary

General Circular of MHLG No. 5

2008 ”Implementation of ”Green

Earth Programme by Local

Authorities”.

48



Specific Guidelines

G r e e n I n f r a s t r u c t u r e

49



B. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

i. Rainwater Harvesting

ii. Rain Garden or Bio-retention

iii. Roof Top Garden

iv. Permeable paver

v. On-Site Renewable Energy

Continued….

Specific Guidelines

50



2 options of rainwater harvesting

Green InfrastructureRainwater Harvesting

Cisterns

Underground/ below houses

collection system

Examples:

Rain barrels (approximately of

400 gallon water per tank)

Continued….

51

RAIN WATER HARVESTING



Bio-retention dan swale

before…

after…

Green InfrastructureRain Garden or Bio-retention

Continued….

grass swale can be designed to

promote Bioretention

Comprises of 6 components -

i. Grass buffer strips

ii. Ground surface is covered by sand

iii. Ponding area

iv. Organic layer

v. Space for farming

vi. Vegetation

53



Sambungan….

Green InfrastructureGreen Roofs and Roof Top Garden

Encourage roof top gardens

in multi-level buildings and

public buildings in the core

areas or high density

residential area (refer the

Planning Guideline for Roof

Top Garden, JPBD)

54



Sambungan….

Green InfrastructurePermeable paver

Encourage the use of

permeable material for

pavers to reduce surface

run-off

Porous pavements for car

parks or pedestrian

walkways.

55



Sambungan….

Green Infrastructure

Installation of Solar

• Public building, street light and lamp in the public areas.

• Encourage the installation of solar in residential areas, commercial zones

and industrial zone.

Day Lighting

• Passive design of buildings allowing day lighting in the building

Use of LED (Light Emitting Diode) Lamp

• LED Lamp using solar energy.

On-Site Renewable Energy

56



IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK

for Planning Guideline

Federal Level

State Level

Local Authority Level

57




MHLG will coordinate Green Neighbourhood

development through the Green

Neighbourhoods Working Committee.

FDTCP will facilitate the implementation of

the Green Neighbourhood Planning

Guideline.

Federal Level

58




In the context of federal level Green Neighbourhood

Working Committee, state to expand the functions/roles

of existing committees.or

Propose to establish a new Green Neighbourhood

Committee in each of the state-

Chairman – TKSU (Pembangunan/Development)

Secretary – Director of JPBD State

SPCs should set a goal of green neighbourhood

development framework for respective states.

State Level

59




Local Authority

Giving priority to the application of green

neighbourhood

Establish partnership with the private sector

and NGOs for developing program/activities

and carrying out maintenance of the Green

Neighbourhood.

* „self regulation vs incentives‟

60



THANK YOU

www.townplan.gov.my

Federal Department of Town and Country Planning Peninsular Malaysia


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KUALA LUMPUR Guideline And Framework For Green …€¦ · Guideline And Framework For Green Township In Malaysia DR. ... ・Social governance system encompassing efforts to build