Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
KYTALYK /CHOKURDAGH site
PAGE21 WP4 Meeting, Department of Geography and Geology –University of Copenaghen
9-10 February 2012
(1)Vrije Universiteit, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Ko van Huissteden(1)
Luca Belelli Marchesini(1)
PAGE21 observation sites in Siberian tundra
Cherskii, continuous tundra
Kytalyk, continuous tundra
Samoylov Island, continuous tundra
Vorkuta, discontinuous boreal forest
Nadym, discontinuous boreal forest
Yakutsk
Kytalyk
Kytalyk research station (70o 49’ 45’’N; 147o 29’ 39’’E)
Kytalyk
Kytalyk
Yakutsk
Quite a remote site!!Equipment (and researchers) travel:by airplane from Yakutsk to Chokurdakh Airport (1239 Km)From Chokurdakh to destination by boat (~3hrs), despite air distance only 30 km.
Chokhurdakh
Kytalyk site: main features
Cold continental climateMean annual air T: -10.5oCAir T range: [-25,-45] oC winter
[+5,+25] oC summerGrowing season limited to July and August
Vegetation: graminoid tussock tundra (Walker et al., 2005)(tussock-sedge, dwarf shrub, moss tundra)
'Yedoma': organic-rich (about 2% carbon by mass) Pleistocene-age loess permafrost with ice content of 50–90% by volume.
Active thaw lakes
Kytalyk landscape spatial variability
Dry/wet tundra on drained thaw lake bottomactive layer 20-40 cmactive layer tickest on wet locations
River floodplain,active layer > 40 cm
Dry tundra on 'ice complex' hills and plateausactive layer 20 - 40 cm
Lakes: 20% of area
floodplain
'ice complex’ hills
drained thaw lakes
Ecosystem scale fluxes: NEE and surface energyMicrometeorological (Eddy Covariance) measurements of:
CO2 and energy turbulent fluxes (H, LE) (relevant for WP2)
operated since 2003 with maximum duration from early spring (April) to late autumn ( end of September)
CO2 vertical profile measurements added in 2008
Location: thaw lake bottom
* start of measurementsx end of measurements
(Parmentier et al. JGR 2011)
Meteo tower:wind profile,air temperature and humidityupward, downward PAR radiationnet radiation (LW+SW)rainatm. pressure
Eddy covariance tower:3D wind speed sonic temperatureCO2 ,H2O molar densitiesCH4 with laser spectroscopy
Soil temperature profiles (20 sensors)Soil heat flux (4 replicates)Deeper borehole: 6 m, since 2010, operated by Hokkaido University (Go Iwahana / Atsuko Sugimoto)
Measured variables
Thaw lake flux tower (#1)
CH4 eddy covariance measurements started in 2008 but…
2010: inoperable methane analyzer due to power supply failure2011: few good quality data in due hardware communication problems
EC tower (#2) for CO2/H2O/CH4 fluxes installed over the river floodplain in June 2011
LI7700 open path analyzer failure- no methane fluxes data collected yet.
Ecosystem scale methane fluxes
DLT-100Cavity Ringdown Laser
Los Gatos Researchscrollpump
Gill R3-50Sonic
anemometer
data logging
power supply:180 kg 5 kW diesel generatorwind generatorssolar panels
LI7500CO2/H2O
IRGA
CO2, CH
4, N
2O
Chambers (opaque, transparent) +photo-acoustic multi gas analyzer (INNOVA)
1-6 week(s) summer campaigns since 2004
Location: thaw lake bottom, river plain
Leaf photosynthesis measurements
Chamber based measurements
Wet / dry tundra transect
flux chamber transects 2010
Ice-rich Pleistocene deposits with mass wasting (down slope movement)
Floodplain transect
CH4 emission outside the growing seasonMastepanov et al., 2009 (Nature): tundra in northern Greenland has high CH4 emission in the autumnescape from the stored CH4 during freezing? Not measured so far because of logistical difficulties in Kytalyk
Involved scientific staff:•Ko van Huissteden (PI); [email protected]•Luca Belelli Marchesini (post doc) ; [email protected]•Angela Gallagher (PhD)*; [email protected]•Artem Budishchev (PhD)*; [email protected]
*cooperation with Wageningen University in manipulative experiments on vegetation/active layer.
Looking forward to start..
Plan 2012
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4(CO2,H2O)
(CH4)
(CO2,H2O)
(CH4)
chambers (CO2,CH4,N2O) ?
October
Novem
ber
flux tower #1
flux tower #2
staff
April
May
June
July
August
September
