L-13

Part III Pre-reform Russia (4)

6. Nationalities

A. Themes

1. Age of nationalism & revolution

2. Ethnicity and religion intertwined

3. Territorial expansion, growing menace

4. Regime hypersensitivity

5. Mixed policy: targeted intervention

Russian Territorial Expansion, 1801-15

B. Congress Poland

1. Kingdom of Poland: creation and expectations

2. Constitution of 1815

3. Problems

4. 1830-31 Rebellion

5. Repression

Congress Poland

Polish Uprising 1830-1

Warsaw: Seizing the Arsenal

Warsaw: Crowds Overrun the Prison (1830)

Battle of Grochow 5 February 1831

C. Ukraine

1. Eighteenth-century background

2. Religious question

3. Ukrainian nationalism

Taras Shevchenko, “Tale of the Gypsy” (1841)

Taras Shevchenko: Self-Portrait as Soldier (1847)

Taras Shevchenko, “Self-Portrait”1861

1911 Shevchenko Postcard: “Don’t Forget our Country, Ukraine!”

D. Jews

1. Eighteenth-century background

2. Pale of Settlement

3. Nikolaevan: integration

Pale of Settlement

Popular Print of Jewish SederMid-19th Century

Jewish Travel Permit (1850)

E. Baltics

1. Eighteenth-century background

2. Serf emancipation in the Baltics, 1816-19

3. Conversion crisis of 1840s

F. Finland

1. 18th Century Background

2. Annexation and autonomy

3. Rise of Finnish nationalism

Alexander I at the Diet of Porvoo (1809)

Alexander I: Pledge on Finnish Autonomy (in Finnish) 1809

Lonnrot: Finnish National Leader

Snellman: Finnish National Leader

H. Caucasus

1. 18th Century Background

2. Georgia: Administrative russification

3. Pacification and resistance

Russian-Georgian Military Road

General Aleksei Petrovich Ermolov

Military Conflict in the Caucasus

Imam ShamilCaucasus Rebel Leader

Capture of Shamil (1859)

Medal for Victory in Caucasus and Daghestan (1859)

I. Central Asia

1. Eighteenth-century background

2. Regional turmoil

Russia and Central Asia

Model for Mosque construction1844

J. Conclusions

1. Perils of expansion: new territories but also new ethnic, religious groups

2. Multinational: Growing complexity and danger of nationality question

3. Multiconfessional: role of religion

4. Regime: supra-cultural, but administratively invasive