11
Vol. 56, No. 3 February 6, 2004 Managed by Lockheed Martin for the National Nuclear Security Administration Decon formulation likely would stop SARS virus quickly, Sandia/K-State team shows Results might help officials battle other viruses such as chicken flu Sandia’s miniSAR offers great promise for reconnaissance and precision-guided weapons Revolutionary radar is five times smaller than existing technology Within a year Sandia will be flying the smallest synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ever to be used for reconnaissance on near-model air- plane size unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and eventually on precision-guided weapons and space applications. Weighing less than 30 pounds, the miniSAR will be one-fourth the weight and one-tenth the volume of its predecessors cur- rently flying on larger UAVs such as the Gen- eral Atomics’ Predator. “This is a revolutionary way of doing radar,” says Arnold Muyshondt, Manager of Mechanical Design & Analysis Dept. 2332 that designed the gimbal, part of the pointing sys- tem of the miniSAR. “Everybody is interested. We’re number one in the world pursuing this technology.” The new miniSAR will have the same capa- bilities as its larger cousins. Like the larger class of Sandia SARs, it will be able to take high-res- olution (four-inch) images through weather, at night, and in dust storms. The only difference will be range. The larger SAR can produce an image in the 35 kilometer range due to its larger antenna and higher transmitter power, compared to the miniSAR, which is expected to MINISAR — Sandia researchers, front to back, George Sloan, Dale Dubbert, and Armin Doerry look at MiniSAR assemblies meant to be used for reconnaissance on near-model airplane size unmanned aerial vehicles, precision- guided weapons, and space applications. (Photo by Randy Montoya) By Chris Burroughs (Continued on page 4) Decontamination for- mulations developed at Sandia to stop the deadly effects of chemical and bio- logical warfare agents are likely effective at killing the virus that causes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), a Sandia/Kansas State University research team has shown. Last winter, spring, and summer the SARS virus infected 8,898 people in 30 countries and caused 774 deaths. Whether a SARS out- break materializes this year on a broad scale remains to be seen. So far only a few cases have been confirmed in Asia. In a series of tests con- ducted recently at K-State on Bovine coronavirus (BCV), the internationally accepted surrogate for the SARS coronavirus, modified versions of Sandia’s DF-200 formulation, also known as “decon foam,” fully inacti- vated BCV samples in one minute or less. The team now is pursuing funding to conduct similar tests on the SARS coron- avirus, and the team’s members hope to test the formulations against other emerg- ing infectious diseases such as the avian influenza virus, or bird flu, which now is spreading rapidly through Asian chicken populations and has infected some humans. Super spreaders Recent research suggests that the SARS virus can remain active on contaminated surfaces for days, and health officials speculate that places where infected people congregate, such as airports and hos- pital wards, might have served as super spreaders during the SARS outbreak. The Sandia/K-State researchers believe that cleaning facilities with chemicals proven to inacti- vate the virus might significantly blunt an outbreak and possibly prevent regional epidemics from becoming worldwide epidemics. SARS STOPPER — Cecilia Williams (left) and Jill Bieker, two members of a Sandia/K-State research team, inject Sandia’s decontamination formulation into a flask con- taining a surrogate of the SARS virus. By John German (Continued on page 4) Eleven teams named Gold Award winners during 11th annual President’s Quality Awards program Z machine back in business after four-week suspension over beryllium dust concerns 6 8 DOE approves CINT construction Thirty-five research projects receive ‘jumpstart’ DOE funds During holiday break, when few Sandians were present, an Albuquerque construction contractor dug a deep, axle-breaking trench across G street to bury utility lines to the Center for Integrated Nano- technologies’ (CINT) core facility — a 96,000 square foot building to be built just north of the Kirtland AFB fence on Eubank Blvd. Sandia’s construction manager for this project, Bill Hendrick (10824), made sure the contractor covered the hole back up before everyone returned in January. “We were just a tiny bump in the road when people came back after the break,” said Terry Michalske (1040), Director of the Sandia/Los Alamos joint Center for Integrated Nanotechnolo- gies, describing with satisfaction the lack of upset that Sandians experienced when driving the well- traveled road in the new year. Continued planning and energy are boding good things for the atypical nonclassified facility funded by DOE’s Office of Science. In the arcane but important language of fund- ing, CINT has now passed DOE’s Critical Decision 3, which means that all construction plans and activity, to the amount of $75.8 million dollars, have been approved. This includes construction of a gateway facility at LANL in addition to the core facility at Sandia. The core facility is the single point of focus for CINT users and the scientific program; gateways at each laboratory campus assure that out- side researchers will have access to specialized capa- bilities and relevant scientists at each laboratory. (The gateway to Sandia’s campus uses existing space in Bldg. 897.) By Neal Singer (Continued on page 5)

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Vol. 56, No. 3 February 6, 2004Managed by Lockheed Martin for the National Nuclear Security Administration

Decon formulation likely would stop SARSvirus quickly, Sandia/K-State team showsResults might help officials battle other viruses such as chicken flu

Sandia’s miniSAR offers great promise forreconnaissance and precision-guided weapons Revolutionary radar is five times smaller than existing technology

Within a year Sandia will be flying thesmallest synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ever tobe used for reconnaissance on near-model air-plane size unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)and eventually on precision-guided weaponsand space applications.

Weighing less than 30 pounds, theminiSAR will be one-fourth the weight andone-tenth the volume of its predecessors cur-rently flying on larger UAVs such as the Gen-eral Atomics’ Predator.

“This is a revolutionary way of doingradar,” says Arnold Muyshondt, Manager ofMechanical Design & Analysis Dept. 2332 thatdesigned the gimbal, part of the pointing sys-tem of the miniSAR. “Everybody is interested.We’re number one in the world pursuing thistechnology.”

The new miniSAR will have the same capa-bilities as its larger cousins. Like the larger classof Sandia SARs, it will be able to take high-res-olution (four-inch) images through weather, atnight, and in dust storms. The only differencewill be range. The larger SAR can produce animage in the 35 kilometer range due to itslarger antenna and higher transmitter power,compared to the miniSAR, which is expected to

MINISAR — Sandia researchers, front to back, George Sloan, Dale Dubbert, and Armin Doerry look at MiniSARassemblies meant to be used for reconnaissance on near-model airplane size unmanned aerial vehicles, precision-guided weapons, and space applications. (Photo by Randy Montoya)

By Chris Burroughs

(Continued on page 4)

Decontamination for-mulations developed atSandia to stop the deadlyeffects of chemical and bio-logical warfare agents arelikely effective at killing thevirus that causes SevereAcute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS), a Sandia/Kansas StateUniversity research team hasshown.

Last winter, spring, andsummer the SARS virusinfected 8,898 people in 30countries and caused 774deaths. Whether a SARS out-break materializes this yearon a broad scale remains tobe seen. So far only a fewcases have been confirmed inAsia.

In a series of tests con-ducted recently at K-State onBovine coronavirus (BCV),the internationally accepted surrogate for the SARS

coronavirus, modifiedversions of Sandia’sDF-200 formulation,also known as “deconfoam,” fully inacti-vated BCV samples inone minute or less.

The team now ispursuing funding toconduct similar testson the SARS coron-avirus, and the team’smembers hope to testthe formulationsagainst other emerg-ing infectious diseasessuch as the avianinfluenza virus, orbird flu, which now isspreading rapidlythrough Asianchicken populationsand has infected somehumans.

Super spreadersRecent research suggests that the SARS virus can

remain active on contaminated surfaces for days,and health officials speculate that places whereinfected people congregate, such as airports and hos-pital wards, might have served as super spreadersduring the SARS outbreak.

The Sandia/K-State researchers believe thatcleaning facilities with chemicals proven to inacti-vate the virus might significantly blunt an outbreakand possibly prevent regional epidemics frombecoming worldwide epidemics.

SARS STOPPER — Cecilia Williams (left) and Jill Bieker,two members of a Sandia/K-State research team, injectSandia’s decontamination formulation into a flask con-taining a surrogate of the SARS virus.

By John German

(Continued on page 4)

Eleven teams named Gold Award winners during11th annual President’s Quality Awards program

Z machine back in business after four-weeksuspension over beryllium dust concerns

6

8

DOE approvesCINT constructionThirty-five research projectsreceive ‘jumpstart’ DOE funds

During holiday break, when few Sandians werepresent, an Albuquerque construction contractordug a deep, axle-breaking trench across G street tobury utility lines to the Center for Integrated Nano-technologies’ (CINT) core facility — a 96,000 squarefoot building to be built just north of the KirtlandAFB fence on Eubank Blvd. Sandia’s constructionmanager for this project, Bill Hendrick (10824),made sure the contractor covered the hole back upbefore everyone returned in January.

“We were just a tiny bump in the road whenpeople came back after the break,” said TerryMichalske (1040), Director of the Sandia/LosAlamos joint Center for Integrated Nanotechnolo-gies, describing with satisfaction the lack of upsetthat Sandians experienced when driving the well-traveled road in the new year.

Continued planning and energy are bodinggood things for the atypical nonclassified facilityfunded by DOE’s Office of Science.

In the arcane but important language of fund-ing, CINT has now passed DOE’s Critical Decision3, which means that all construction plans andactivity, to the amount of $75.8 million dollars,have been approved. This includes construction ofa gateway facility at LANL in addition to the corefacility at Sandia. The core facility is the single pointof focus for CINT users and the scientific program;gateways at each laboratory campus assure that out-side researchers will have access to specialized capa-bilities and relevant scientists at each laboratory.(The gateway to Sandia’s campus uses existingspace in Bldg. 897.)

By Neal Singer

(Continued on page 5)

Page 2: labnews02-06-04

Just so you know: Spell checkers are just sew-sow.Christine White (1822) pointed that out last week, asking with

good-natured sarcasm if the spell checker had “struck again” in a SandiaDaily News story about Pantex e-mail being piled up in a “cue” while itwas checked for improper messages. “Cue or queue?” she asked.

Then she recalled a similar miscue (clever, huh?) a few pre-CSUyears ago. The group that managed the e-mail servers for Bldgs. 805-6-7sent a voicemail message to building residents noting that the e-mailserver was down. When e-mail was restored, the computer group apologizedfor the downtime with an e-mail message that said: “We apologize for theincontinence this morning . . .”

“Apparently, the spell checker (we checked and it was so) did notknow the word inconvenience,” Christine recalled. “But after all, it wasjust a little piddling problem.” (Ooooo! . . .)

* * *By now, California Sandians either got a look at the state of

Sandia straight from the horse’s mouth (uh. . . apologies to the horse —Labs Director Paul Robinson) or from that old standby: watercooler officetalk. But if you missed both of those, you’ll be able to catch up onstreaming video (watch the Sandia Daily News for information about that)or read the Lab News report in the next issue. The State of the Labs talkwas delivered in Livermore Monday, and Albuquerque Sandians will hear itFeb. 11 in the Steve Schiff Auditorium. That session also will be video-linked live to Sandia offices at Carlsbad, Tonopah Test Range, NevadaTest Site, and Washington. The Albuquerque session was to have beenpresented Feb. 4, but had to be postponed when Paul was called away for ameeting with NNSA Administrator Linton Brooks.

In Monday’s Livermore session, Paul laid out a picture of Sandia’sexciting work in new technologies, special military and other nationalsecurity projects, and “breadbasket” issues such as the outlook for staffingand budgets. It also included a short presentation by MESA (Microsystems andEngineering Sciences Applications) Program Office Director Don Cook (1900)on the importance of MESA to Sandia's future. Catch all this here nextissue, or on streaming video — but don’t miss it.

* * *Anyone who’s seen Sandia photographer Randy Montoya (12640) at work

or marveled at the dimension his images add to the work of wordsmiths —both at the lab and in hundreds of magazines, newspaper reports, andother publications worldwide over the years — will appreciate the currentAlbuquerque Museum exhibit “The Pulitzer Prize Photographs: Capture theMoment.”

The collection includes Associated Press photographer JoeRosenthal’s 1945 photo of Marines raising the US flag on Iwo Jima’s MountSuribachi and Robert Jackson’s historic time-freezing image of Dallasnighclub owner Jack Ruby shooting Lee Harvey Oswald two days after theassassination of President Kennedy.

The exhibit will run through April 18. It’s a fascinating look atwhat other members of Randy’s fraternity have done to capture our worldfor the rest of us.

— Howard Kercheval (844-7842, MS 0165, [email protected])

What’s what

Sandia National Laboratorieshttp://www.sandia.gov/LabNews

Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0165Livermore, California 94550-0969Tonopah, Nevada • Nevada Test Site • Amarillo, Texas •Carlsbad, New Mexico • Washington, D.C.Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operatedby Sandia Corporation, a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporationand a prime contractor to the US Department of Energy.

Ken Frazier, Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505/844-6210Bill Murphy, Writer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505/845-0845Chris Burroughs, Writer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505/844-0948Randy Montoya, Photographer . . . . . . . . 505/844-5605Nancy Garcia, California site contact. . . . . 925/294-2932Contributors: Janet Carpenter (844-7841), John German(844-5199), Neal Singer (845-7078), Larry Perrine (845-8511),Howard Kercheval (columnist, 844-7842), Will Keener (844-1690),Iris Aboytes (844-2282), Michael Padilla (284-5325), Rod Geer(844-6601), Michael Lanigan (844-2297) Michelle Fleming (Ads,Milepost photos, 844-4902).

Lab News fax ................................................505/844-0645Classified ads ................................................505/844-4902

Published on alternate Fridays by Media Relations andCommunications Dept. 12640, MS 0165

More than 60 scientists from government-operated bioscience research laboratories aroundthe world are gathered in Albuquerque this weekto discuss keeping dangerous pathogens andtoxins out of the hands of terrorists.

Sandia’s International Security Center is host-ing the first-of-its-kind symposium at the Interna-tional Programs Building in Research Park. Oneof the Center’s missions is to improve US nationalsecurity by working cooperatively with foreigngovernments to secure nuclear, chemical, andbiological materials worldwide.

The goal of the International Symposiumon Securing High Consequence Pathogens andToxins, Feb. 1-6, is to share information andbegin a dialogue with operators of US and foreigngovernment labs conducting infectious diseaseresearch about the need for standards and

protocols that would lead to improved security atthose facilities, says Ren Salerno (6924), theconference’s technical host.

Although most bioscience labs have systemsin place to prevent people from being acciden-tally exposed to infectious diseases, no interna-tional guidelines exist that specify how labsshould prevent malicious theft or sabotage ofbiological materials, says Ren.

“We recognizethat it makes littlesense to lock downUS bioscience labsif those who intendto steal pathogenscould more easilyaccomplish theirobjectives over-seas,” he says.

Since 9/11 andthe anthrax attacksof 2001, he says,the US government has invested in various mea-sures to improve the country’s ability to respondto bioterrorism — new vaccines, therapies, sensors,disease-tracking systems, and improved publichealth infrastructures, for example.

Biosecurity, which aims to keep terroristsfrom obtaining the material necessary to make abiological weapon, is one of the only preventivemeasures that has been pursued, he says. It isnow a federally mandated requirement for USbioscience laboratories.

Sandia is playing a leading role in the rela-tively new field of biosecurity, he says. Labs secu-rity experts are recommending that biosecuritystandards be adopted worldwide and consideredas national implementation measures for theBiological Weapons Convention.

NNSA’s Office of Nonproliferation Policy issponsoring the symposium.

World’s bioscienceexperts discusssecuring pathogensLabs playing a leading role inemerging field of ‘biosecurity’

By John German

Mary Crawford (1123) and Jeffrey Nelson:Broadband Visible Light Source Based on ALLNGANLight Emitting Diodes.

John Stephens Jr., F. Michael Hosking, andFrederick Yost (all 1833): Silver-Hafnium BrazeAlloy.

William Cook (5511), Sharon Deland (6222),and John Brabson: State Machine Analysis of SensorData from Dynamic Processes.

Lothar Bieg (1732), Bernhard Jokiel Jr. (1745),Mark Ensz (15415), and Robert Watson (11500):Highly Accurate Articulated Coordinate MeasuringMachine.

Kenneth Peterson (14171) and Robert Watson(11500): Single Level Microelectronic Device Pack-age with an Integral Window.

Steven Allen and Billy Brock (both 2345): Con-trol of Reflected Electromagnetic Fields at an IFSARAntenna.

Ronald Manginell (1764) and Gregory C. Frye-Mason: Temperature Programmable Microfabri-cated Gas Chromatography Column.

Daniel Rader (9112), John Torczynski (9113),Karl Wally (8144), and John Brockman (9117):Apparatus to Collect, Classify, Concentrate, andCharacterize Gas-Borne Particles.

Ken Condreva (8223): Method for DetectingMoisture in Soils Using Secondary CosmicRadiation.

Kenneth Peterson (14171) and Robert Watson(11500): Bi-Level Microelectronic Device Packagewith an Integral Window.

TALKING BIOSECURITY — Conference technical hostRen Salerno (left, 6924) discusses biosecurity issueswith Won Keun Seong of the Republic of Korea’sResearch Center for Pathogen Control.

(Photo by Bill Doty)

“It makes littlesense to lock downUS bioscience labs”withoutinternationalconventionsin place.

Page 3: labnews02-06-04

SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 3

By Nancy Garcia

California site holds annual royalty celebration Saying “invention and innovation are an

integral part of our charter,” Sandia President C.Paul Robinson congratulated 96 inventors andauthors for their intellectual property contribu-tions at the California site in 2003 during a recentroyalty celebration.

“To know that every once in a while, athought you once thought, more likely than not,is one that nobody else ever thought,” heremarked. “There is no greater real joy than that

creative moment.” Once the idea is

reduced to practice and per-haps even commercialized,there’s the further satisfac-tion of seeing that theseideas do really work andcan help contribute tosecuring a peaceful and freeworld through technology.

Another tangiblereward is receiving royaltyrevenues. Sandia has dis-tributed more than $3.16million to inventors andauthors since royaltyawards were initiated in1992, California LaboratoryVice President Mim Johnsaid. The site’s total income from active licenseswas $1.6 million, nearly half Sandia’s $3.3 milliontotal.

Sandia’s growing intellectual property portfoliohas “proved to be extremely valuable to a lot ofpeople out there in the real world,” Mim said. “Ican think of no better institution than the Califor-nia site that embodies that.”

Overall, Sandia filed 202 patent applications fora total surpassing 1,800 and received 125 issuedpatents, bringing the number of patents issued intotal to 947. Another 170 licenses were negotiatedlast year and 820 are currently active.

In California 63 patents applications werefiled for a total of 365 and 33 issued for a total of152. Forty-four new licenses were negotiated for147 total active licenses.

Inventors and authors receive 20 percent ofroyalty revenue, which amounted to almost$311,000 at the California site and almost$660,000 total.

Rick Stulen, Director of 8100 Center forExploratory Systems and Development, praisedthe “incredible job” business groups in New Mex-ico and California are doing. “More than youprobably know,” he said, “they are working hardto make agreements and discoveries come alive.”

Denise Koker, Manager California Site Busi-ness Office Dept. 8529, said it was awesome to bein the company of so much creative brainpowerbefore reading aloud the titles of the technicalbreakthroughs.

Recipients contributed some inspiration oftheir own by providing quotations to accompanytheir awards. They were each photographed withtheir awards flanked by Paul and Pace Vandeven-der, VP for Science, Technology, and PartnershipsDiv. 1000.

PROUD RECIPIENTS of royalty recognition for 2003 pose together at the cere-mony in mid-January.

PRAISING the inventors and authors, California Labo-ratory VP Mim John said she appreciated the quota-tions they provided to read aloud at the event (see:http://nestor.ran.sandia.gov/CASBO/pages/buds/03_royalty_celebration/03_royalty_celebration.htm.) LabsDirector Paul Robinson provided a quotation in hisremarks from Arthur C. Clarke, saying, “Any signifi-cantly advanced technology is indistinguishable frommagic.”

The Review and Approval process forunclassified journal articles, videos, conferencepapers, and other items created for publicrelease is about to get simpler.

Starting next month, the review andapproval process can be done online.

“We expect this new system to be a signifi-cant time saver,” says Anna Nusbaum, Managerof Recorded Information Management Dept.9612. “Today’s paper-based process can take upto two weeks. Our ultimate goal is a three-to-six-day turnaround.”

The new process uses Sandia’s SRN. Thesubmitter gets into a review and approvalsoftware program on the SRN and is promptedfor information about the release, such astitle, author, event, etc. The submitter thenidentifies a Sandia contact. The applicationwill store the unclassified electronic file inWeb FileShare, Sandia’s four-year-old web-based information management system. Adocument tracking number will be assignedand e-mail notifications will be sent to theappropriate reviewers.

The Sandia contact will receive an e-mailnotification when the release has reached finalapproval. Any reviewer comments will be docu-mented in the database.

Dorothy Martin (9612-1), Sandia’s reviewand approval administrator, will work with theSandia contact to make sure that any requiredchanges are incorporated and a revised versionof the electronic file is delivered to the Technical

Library. Dorothy will also monitor the databaseto make sure that requests do not sit any longerthan 48 hours with a single reviewer.

To supply additional aid to the user com-munity, the new application allows submittersto track their review and approval submissionsand includes a robust reports module, whichsupplies either an Excel spreadsheet or HTMLprintout of search results

The idea for an electronic review andapproval application was first explored inAugust and November 2002. Participantsincluded representatives from line customersand process participants — Records Manage-ment, Classification, Patents, Video Services, LabCommunications, WebCo, Printing and Dupli-cation, Partnerships, Computer Security, andthe Technical Library from both New Mexicoand California. After studying the current work-flow, the team identified areas for improvement,

set new goals, and outlined the necessary appli-cation criteria.

“It was a pleasure working with the variousR&A process participants. All of the representa-tives were so cooperative and truly focused onhow we best serve the line customer,” says pro-ject lead Jean Ann Plummer.

Anna presented the proposal to the Inte-grated Enabling Services (IES) Strategic Man-agement Unit, which supported and fundedthe project. Allowing Sandians to have theirinformation releases reviewed and approvedelectronically met all four of the IES objectives:agility, productivity, decreased hassle, andworth the cost. In particular, Sandians shouldexpect to see increased productivity anddecreased hassle once the application isdeployed Labs-wide.

During February, focus groups will supplycustomer feedback on the product. The appli-cation will then be piloted in Division 9000 inMarch. Labs-wide deployment is scheduledfor March 30. Two workshops to be held atthe Steve Schiff Auditorium and video-linkedto Sandia/California will be scheduled in Feb-ruary to introduce the new application to theLabs. Sandia Daily News will carry more infor-mation about the workshops over the nextmonth.

Anyone with questions about the newelectronic review and approval process cancontact Jean Ann Plummer at 284-3536 [email protected]. — Chris Burroughs

Sandia’s review and approval process about to get simplerStarting next month, IES-sponsored process goes online

“We expect this new system to be asignificant time saver. Today’spaper-based process can take up totwo weeks. Our ultimate goal is athree-to-six-day turnaround.”

“More than you probably know,they are working hard to makeagreements and discoveries comealive.”

Page 4: labnews02-06-04

get a range of about 15 kilometers —more than adequate for small UAVapplications. SARs are commonly usedfor military reconnaissance purposes.

For two decades Sandia has beenmaking major strides in shrinking SARsize and increasing performance.

MiniSAR is a revolutionary stepforward in this long tradition that willopen up a whole new class of applica-tions, says George Sloan (2345), pro-ject lead for miniSAR development.

George, Dale Dubbert (2345), andArmin Doerry (2344) created the cur-rent approach for miniaturized SARsseveral years ago but couldn’t garnermuch interest from funding sources.With a miniSAR vision in mind, they starteddesigning key components under various Labo-ratory Directed Research and Development(LDRD), DOE, DoD, and NNSA technology pro-grams. Since then, the effort has incorporated anumber of key technologies, includingmechanical design (2332), digital miniaturiza-tion (2341), RF miniaturization (2345), andnavigation (2338) expertise. Today the separateprograms have grown into a recognized projectunder manager Kurt Sorensen (2345).

After the gimbal and electronics teams gotthe miniSAR down to its diminutive 30pounds, they took it to a UAV conference inNovember where it generated tremendousinterest.

The tiny radar that no one wanted was nowthe talk of the radar world.

In recent months, more than 30 potentialcustomers, including intelligence agencies,UAV manufacturers, and major radar vendors,have visited Sandia to discuss possible licensingand use of the miniSAR. They are all now wait-ing for it to fly so they can see an actual image.That is expected to happen in about a year.

The new miniSAR consists of two majorsubsystems: the Antenna Gimbal Assembly(AGA) — the pointing system that consists ofthe antenna, gimbal, and transmitter — andthe Radar Electronics Assembly (REA) — thesignal generator, receiver, and processors. TheAGA beams the radio frequency, and receives itback. The REA is the electronics package thatgenerates the radar signals, controls the system,processes the data, and transforms it into animage.

Through the creation of new ultra-lightweightantennas and miniaturization of the gimbal, theminiSAR team was able to reduce the AGA portionfrom 60 pounds, as in current UAVsystems, to 18pounds. Through novel adaptation of state-of-the-art digital and RF technologies, the REA wasreduced from about 60 pounds to eight. Future ver-sions of miniSAR are planned that will shrink thetotal weight to less than 10 pounds by leveragingboth in-development and yet-to-be developed San-dia microsystems technologies.

George says that miniSAR will have twoprimary applications. It will be used for recon-

naissance on small UAVs, such asthe AAI Corp. Shadow. This class ofsmall UAVs can carry a payload of50 pounds, which is considerablysmaller than existing radars. Thusthey are limited now to carryingvideo or infrared cameras. The smallUAVs should easily carry a 30-pound miniSAR in addition to othersensors that together will provide avery detailed reconnaissancepicture.

The other application is for preci-sion-guided weapons. Current guid-ance systems for these weapons relyon target designation methods thatare subject to jamming and havetrouble operating in bad weather anddust storms. MinSAR is resistant tothese problems. Previously SAR ver-sions were too big, too heavy, andtoo expensive to use in precision

guidance applications. “We look to making the miniSAR small,

light, and affordable,” George says.He says the researchers are now very close

to having a miniSAR compatible with the smallUAV requirements for cost, size, and weight.They are “a little farther away” for precisionguided weapons, but are on the path to makingit possible.

“A SAR on a small UAV should cost one-third of what the platform should cost,”George says. “We have the cost down to about$250,000, which is acceptable.”

Because a precision guided weapon wouldbe destroyed, the miniSAR should cost about$60,000 and “we aren’t at that point yet,”George says.

George says the miniSAR is near to beingflight-tested. The principal remaining tasksinclude the integration of the radar subsystemsand the completion of the system software.Then the first version of miniSAR will be readyto go.

George anticipates that in about a year theminiSAR will be flight-tested on a Sandia test-bed aircraft. Then UAV vendors will demon-strate it on their own UAVs. The transfer of thetechnology to industry will follow.

But even as all this happens, the Sandiaresearchers will continue to make improvementsand help miniSAR evolve into something even bet-ter and smaller. “We fully expect miniSAR to be thenext big splash,” George says.

MiniSAR consists ofmany technologies

MiniSAR consists of many technolo-gies that will be of interest to differentindustries. The result is expected to benumerous licensing agreements.

The first will be the scaled-down gim-bal that has caught the interest of Albu-querque-based gimbal manufacturer Sage-brush Technology. Sandia is in the processof licensing the technology to the com-pany that may use it in SARs, movie cam-eras, and high-end surveillance cameras.

SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 4

MiniSAR(Continued from page 1)

ONE PRIMARY APPLICATION of miniSAR will be reconnaissance on small UAVs,such as the AAI Corp. Shadow seen in this picture. This class of small UAVs cancarry a payload of 50 pounds, which is considerably smaller than existing radars.

SARS virus(Continued from page 1)

The Sandia decontamination formulations aredesigned to be less harsh and easier to use thanother chemicals used for decontamination of biolog-ical agents, such as bleach and ammonia. Tailoredformulations have been under development atSandia for military and homeland security uses since1996.

In 2001 the earliest version of the commerciallylicensed foam were among products used in cleanupefforts at facilities contaminated with anthrax inNew York and Washington, D.C.

Margin of certaintyTo give the researchers enough scientific confi-

dence that the formulation would reliably stampout SARS regardless of the circumstances, theSandia/K-State team tested the formulations againstBCV using cell culture methods with and withoutorganic material present. Organic materials such assoil and feces may improve the survival rate of coro-naviruses and can react directly with the disinfec-tant to make it less effective.

They also used diluted concentrations of theformulation, down to 10 percent of normal, andaltered recipes of the formulation with similarresults.

“We didn’t want to test the formulations in the

best-case scenario,” says Cecelia Williams (6245).“We wanted the worst-case scenario to provide amargin of certainty that this would inactivate theSARS-causing virus under real-world conditions.”

Two commercially available versions of theSandia formulation also were effective in inactivat-ing the virus in the tests, she says.

Currently no disinfectant products are regis-tered with the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) specifically for killing the SARS virus onsurfaces.

Protocols for viral inactivationA second significant outcome of the joint

research is a set of protocols and a methodology toverify viral inactivation, says Mark Tucker (6245). ASARS workshop in October 2003 sponsored by theWorld Health Organization identified the standard-ization of test protocols as one urgent need inresponding to future SARS outbreaks.

Currently very little information is available inthe scientific literature regarding chemical inactiva-tion of viruses, says team member Jill Bieker (6245),a Sandia student intern currently working on a PhDat K-State. The work at K-State is conducted underthe guidance of Dr. Sanjay Kapil, a world-renownedcoronavirus expert.

As part of the project, Sandia conducted experi-ments to develop methods of applying the formula-tion and to determine how inactivation can be mea-sured and verified. The team also modified commonlaboratory diagnostic tools and assay techniques to

test the foam’s efficacy against BCV.The work built on previous efficacy studies on

chem-bio agents Sandia had performed for DOE, the

Epidemics andnational security

Minimizing epidemics is a nationalsecurity issue for several reasons, says MarkTucker (6245). Severe outbreaks originat-ing in the US or elsewhere could kill orsicken Americans, contaminate food sup-plies, or destabilize foreign governments.

Such outbreaks also could cause fearand economic disruption. The rumor of acase of SARS in Singapore in December2003 created a rapid, if temporary, spike-down in Singapore’s stock market.

The virus’ pervasiveness in China inNovember 2002 forced FIFA, soccer’s worldgoverning body, to move the Women’sWorld Cup last summer from China to theUnited States, costing the Chinese billionsin tourism dollars.

“The first SARS outbreak was estimatedto have had a $30 billion impact on theeconomy worldwide,” he says.

(Continued on next page)

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SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 5

CINT projects deal with a variety of sub-jects of interest to researchers working at verysmall scales. Among those:

Jim Eisenstein, Caltech physics professor,will collaborate with Mike Lilly (1123) inexploring a property of surface acousticwaves. “We are interested in the followingapparently simple question: Is a low-density2D electron system an insulator or a metal?”Eisenstein asks. “You’d probably guess metal,but at low enough density it is always aninsulator. The transition between the twobehaviors is our focus of interest.”

SAWs will open a new window on this(very hot) issue, he says.

“Since the SAW carries an electric fieldalong with it, it will interact with the 2D elec-tron layer which is buried just below the sur-face. In effect, some of the energy in the SAWis dissipated in the 2D electron gas. By moni-toring the attenuation (and velocity shift) ofthe SAW we learn about the 2D electron sys-tem on length scales given by the SAW wave-length. This is very hard to do by othermeans.”

Tom Picraux, a former Sandia directorwho is now executive director of materialsresearch and professor at Arizona State Uni-versity, expects to combines surface chemistryexpertise at ASU with surface characterizationexpertise at Sandia/CINT, particularly that ofJack Houston (1114) and Bruce Bunker(1141). The intent will be to develop photo-switchable surface monolayers that allownanoscale control of interfacial properties fornanomolecular devices. Says Tom, “Applica-tions exist for reversible photoswitchablematerials in the fields of micro- and nanoflu-idic valves, pumps, preconcentrators, and sep-arators and for use in the areas of drug deliv-ery, sensing, and environmental monitoring.”

Dawn Bonnell, professor of materials sci-ence and director of the Center for Science andEngineering of Nanoscale Systems at the Uni-versity of Pennsylvania, is interested in further-ing the synthesis of functionalized optoelec-tronic and ferroelectronic nanoparticles. “It’sthe expertise of the scientists more than theequipment that we’re looking forward to shar-ing at Sandia,” she says, mentioning in particu-lar Tim Boyle (1846). She hopes to create “anextensive link between our scientists and theCINT center through this program.”

Larry Sklar, a UNM pathology professorand research director of UNM CancerResearch and Treatment, says, “We’re devel-oping a high through-put technology formedical testing purposes. But in our system,there’s [unwanted] carryover from sample to

sample. Sandia has the potential for reducingthat. We’d be working with [Sandia Fellow]Jeff Brinker (1002) and his colleagues. Wehave tools that will help him characterizeperformance, and he’d help us reducecarryover.”

The project is based upon current UNMwork to develop high through-put flowcytometry and its application in proteomicsand drug discovery for the receptor targets ofabout 50 percent of prescription medicines —the G protein coupled receptors. “While wehave solved some of the microfluidic prob-lems, some persist, including carryoverbetween samples and mixing.” The aim is tofind superhydrophobic materials, that whencoated on the inner surfaces of delivery tub-ing, could help solve problems the UNMgroup has identified.

Atul Parikh, applied physics professor atthe University of California at Davis, is inter-ested in small-scale imaging the dynamics ofbiological membranes, both time-resolved andspatially. “At Los Alamos and Sandia, our col-laborators have expertise and equipmentunavailable at UC Davis,” Parikh says. “[UCDavis scientists] may be working on DNA, forexample; the question of membranes wouldnot fall into their range of interest.” He viewsthe CINT project as a seed effort. “If a modelsystem provides useful data, we could go on tomore complex models.” Parikh describes him-self as a long-time collaborator with JeffBrinker, Darryl Sasaki (1141), Allen Burns(1141), and Michael Kent (1851). He is alreadybadged with visitor status at both labs.

Sankar Das Sarma, a Distinguished Uni-versity Professor of condensed matter physicsat the University of Maryland, says, “Youhave one of the best experimental groupsworking in an area [of materials properties] ofinterest to me.” He mentions in particularMike Lilly, John Reno, and Jerry Simmons (all1123) and his materials group.

“I’m a theoretical physicist and it’s nat-ural for me to interact with them,” he says,“because theoreticians need experimentaliststo confirm their ideas and provide newideas.” In return, theoreticians provide expla-nations of current results and suggest avenuesfor new experiments. “It’s a two-way street,”Das Sarmar says.

His calculations are currently focused onsystems being studied at Sandia. “It’s a fabu-lous facility at Sandia,” he says, “growing veryfast samples that apparently are not grownanywhere in the US. Only at Sandia can it bedone. We’ll publish papers jointly. It’s a won-derful situation.”

CINT research projects deal with variety of subjects

military, and the Department of Homeland Security. “The protocols developed for this project could

be rapidly modified to help provide health officialsand researchers around to world with a method ofverifying viral inactivation,” says Jill. “It would allowofficials to respond more quickly to future diseaseoutbreaks and to quickly identify the disinfectionproducts that work best against a particular virus.”

SARS and other virusesThe researchers are optimistic that the Sandia

formulations could become an effective means ofminimizing the spread of returning viruses such asSARS and the Norwalk (cruise ship) virus, as well asmore common viruses such as influenza.

“Flu and other viruses have similarities that giveus reason to believe our formulations would be use-ful for general viral disinfection and decontamina-tion if used for regular cleaning of certain facilities,”says Jill.

The Sandia decontamination formulations canbe deployed as a foam, fog, mist, or spray, meaningthey could be sprayed on walls or dispersed as a fogthroughout the air-handling system of a building,says Cecilia.

Team members include Cecelia , Jill, Mark,Caroline Souza (6245), Dr. Sanjay Kapil (K-State),and Dr. Dick Oberst (K-State).

Needing dataThe joint effort began in June 2003, just as the

initial SARS outbreak was winding down, when LabsExecutive VP Joan Woodard asked whether Sandia’sdecontamination technology would be effectiveagainst the SARS virus.

The foam team’s response was, in essence: “Wethink it would be effective, but we won’t know untilwe have some data.”

“We thought it would work well against SARS,but we needed to work with something similar,”says Cecelia Williams.

VP-6000 Bob Eagan helped secure mid-yearLDRD funding, and the project was under way. Theinitial work to define study parameters and modifyformulations was done at Sandia. Later work withBCV was done at KSU.

“We have made significant progress in a shortperiod of time,” says Mark. “The goal was to havesomething to contribute this winter in case SARScame back as a seasonal virus, like the flu.”

Playing a leadership roleSo far this year only a few SARS cases have

been confirmed in Asia, but Mark says the effortputs Sandia in a position to play a leadership rolein establishing consistent worldwide protocolsfor disinfection efficacy for SARS should the needarise.

“Being first and having solid scientific data anda protocol gives us a real strong hand in saying thisis how you do it,” he says.

The work to inactivate SARS is part of a largerSandia program to develop a toolkit of technolo-gies useful for responding to future infectious dis-ease outbreaks. The program includes research tomodel air flow and predict the transport of air-borne chemical and biological agents throughbuildings or aircraft.

CINT

At Sandia, utility burial by Albuquerque’sGardner Zemke Company is already in progress for$1.2 million, and final procurement reviews certify-ing the suitability of bids for construction of theCore Facility should be completed by DOE aboutthe time this article appears.

“By the end of March,” says Terry, “we shouldhave a winner [in bidding for the remainder of theproject]. We anticipate groundbreaking in May.”

Facility already accomplishes workThe CINT facility is unusual in ways other than

its joint use of two defense lab facilities. Though interms of bricks, glass, steel, and mortar, CINT is

only a project under construction, programmaticallythe Center is already in operation. Advance DOEfunding makes it possible for selected researchersaround the world to use equipment and to partnerwith experts already available at both labs.

These projects are unlike others at the Labsbecause they are externally driven.

“CINT provides support for our Labsresearchers to work on projects important to exter-nal users,” Terry says of the international facility.

The far-sighted approach is expected to gen-erate a productive cross-fertilization of ideas and,eventually, new deliverables beyond currentimaginings.

Thirty-five projects proposed by researchers at24 universities from 16 states and Great Britainhave been approved for a total of $1.5 million inDOE “jumpstart” funds. The winning projects (outof 80 proposed) were evaluated by scientists exter-nal to the labs for their science quality, and byresearchers within the two labs who certified thatexpertise and equipment were available for the pro-posed project. Final selection of approved projectswas made by the CINT management team, consist-ing of Terry along with Don Parkin, CINT AssociateDirector on staff at Los Alamos.

The new projects will address the flow of liq-uids through nano-scale channels, advanced imag-

ing of biological membranes, development ofsuper-strong nano-composite materials, and otherforefront scientific topics that build from CINT’score of expertise in nanoelectronics and nanopho-tonics, complex functional nanomaterials, nano-bio-micro interfaces, nanomechanics, and theoryand simulation.

Work at the Center is deliberately non-classi-fied to allow the widest range of input of seedideas. Terry intends for future projects to demon-strate increased collaboration with industry aswell as universities.

(Continued from page 1)

A CONSTRUCTION COMPANY dug a deep, axle-break-ing trench across G Street and north of the Kirtland AirForce Base fence over the holidays to bury utility lines toCINT. (Photo by Bill Hendrick)

SARS virus(Continued from preceding page)

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SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 6

Eleven teams win Gold President’s Quality Awards

Here are the Silver and Turquoise winnersand their points of contact.

Silver Award winners: Employee andLabor Relations Disciplinary Tracking System,Jannifer Levin; MC4655 Warhead InterfaceModule, Ronald Diegle; Weapon ProgramPhase 7 Process Development, Mark Ekman;The 2003 Logistics Forklift Safety RodeoEvent, Elizabeth Carson; Adult TreatmentPanel III Salud Cholesterol Program, KarenSkousen; Operations Security (OPSEC) Aware-ness Initiative, Reginald Tibbetts; DecisionSupport Systems Operation Team, Christine

Saavedra; and NELA Transportation Vehicle(NTV) Team, Grace Miranda.

Turquoise Award winners: Microsystems,Science, Technology and Components Per-sonnel Introduction/Checklist, Rose Gehrke;Division 14000 Environmental Waste Man-agement Program, Max Saad; InformationDesign Assurance Red Team Training Pro-gram, Ruth Duggan; Quick Bolt — WeaponImpact Assessment Transmitter, VincentHindman; Accreditation Association forAmbulatory Health Care Accreditation Pro-ject, Marta Leon.

Silver and Turquoise winners

By Chris Burroughs

(Continued on next page)

Eleven teams were named Gold Award win-ners Jan. 15 during the 11th annual Sandia Presi-dent’s Quality Awards (PQA) program. Alsoawarded were eight Silver Awards and fiveTurquoise Awards.

The PQA Program is designed to provide aself-evaluation of project activities. It encouragesSandia teams to identify customer needs andrequirements, implement improved processes, aswell as monitor and measure the quality ofgoods and services provided to the customers.The program is intended to be compatible withall customer-required quality systems at Sandia,including ISO 9000:2000, QC-1, or MalcolmBaldrige.

Independent PQA examiners evaluate all theteams’ applications and recommend recipientsof the gold, silver, and turquoise awards.

Teams winning Gold Awards must haveachieved and sustained excellent results relativeto customer requirements. Silver winners had toachieve and sustain very good to excellentresults, and Turquoise winners had to show verygood results relative to key customers.

Here are this year’s Gold Award recipients:

Model-Based Product AcceptanceIn response to a request from DOE/NNSA

Weapons Quality Division (WQD) and theADAPT campaign at Sandia, Center 14100formed the Model-Based Product Acceptance(MBPA) Product Realization Team (PRT) in June2000. Its mission was to develop a model-basedprocess that was documented and qualified anddemonstrate the effectiveness of the processthrough the acceptance by DOE/NNSA of a warreserve (WR) product that had been manufac-tured, inspected, and submitted to DOE/NNSAusing the process. On Dec. 17, 2002,DOE/NNSA’s Weapons Quality Divisionaccepted five B61 (a nuclear weapon in the USstockpile) trainer housings produced by theMBPA PRT using the MBPA generic process. Theaccepted parts were then shipped to the KansasCity Plant into its bonded stores for use in B61trainers it would build in 2003. In recognition ofthese significant contributions, DOE/NNSA pre-sented the PRT with its 2002 Weapons Award ofExcellence on Aug. 12. The PRT used qualitypractices and principles to achieve this break-through result for Sandia and the NuclearWeapons Complex.

Team members include: Stephen Baca,Terrance Smith, Maureen Roesch Baca, PatriciaBarthelemes, Dan Rathbun, Peter Chauvet,Ronnie Albers, Edwin Bryce, Monico Lucero,Douglas Abrams, Raymond Sanchez, Louis Perez,William Nance, Perry Cowen, Jane Poppenger,Rick Pierson, Lee Rieger, Dan Pellegrino, JamesPaustian, Jamie Welles, and Larry Varoz.

Concurrent Design and ManufacturingProject Realization Team

Concurrent Design and Manufacturing(CDM) is a heavily matrixed program within theNuclear Weapons Strategic Management Unit.CDM is made up of a leadership team from Divi-sion 14000 (Program Management), technical

Product Realization Teams (PRTs) from Centers1700, 2500, and 2600, other internal productionat Sandia, and up to 20 outside suppliers/manu-facturers scattered across the United States.CDM’s role is to manufacture complex, high-quality weapons parts in small volumes withinbudget. Since its beginning as the Manufactur-ing Development Engineering (MDE) programin 1991, CDM has delivered more than 60,000components. The goal of the CDM program is toprovide the principal customer, the NNSA, withweapons parts delivered on time, within budget,and with 100 percent acceptance (no qualityrejects). During Fiscal Years 2001 and 2002,CDM delivered 64 lots totaling 9,199 compo-nents to the NNSA. CDM achieved a perfectquality record for these years by delivering allparts on time, with 100 percent NNSA accep-tance, and within program budget. This recordof achievement has continued through FY 2003.

Team members include: John Sayre, DexterBoone, Jim Salas, Timothy Mirabal, RobertSanchez, Larry Moya, Richard Berget, DonaldHardy, Louis Malizia Jr., Edward Binasiewicz,Dana Thomas, Larry Demo, MichaelKopczewski, Clarence Collins, Hans Papenguth,Larry Whinery, William Shelton, Dennis Mar-tin, Randy Dabbs, Bruce Fishel, Robert Baron,Raivo Leeto, Michael Beeler, and Nancy Clark.

Microsystems and EngineeringSciences Applications (MESA) Line-Item Construction Project

The MESA Project — the largest capital con-struction project ever undertaken at Sandia —will create three new facilities, upgrade an exist-ing facility, and provide the equipment requiredto design, integrate, prototype, and fabricatequalified microsystems-based components fornuclear weapons. The MESA Project is an essen-tial element of the Microsystems Engineeringeffort to integrate activities for the Stockpile LifeExtension Program (SLEP) and to positionDOE/NNSA to meet new national security initia-tives and directives. MESA is a CongressionalLine Item and was originally funded by DOE at abaseline level of about $61 million a year with aprojected project completion date of FY11. Oneof MESA's ongoing challenges — and one of itsmeasures of customer satisfaction — has been towork with Congress to obtain increases over thebaseline allocation in order to accelerate con-struction to ensure that mission timelines aremet. As a result, the projected completion datehas been pulled in to FY10. The MESA ProjectTeam is comprised of more than 40 peoplematrixed from 27 Sandia organizations, plus endusers. Now in its fourth year, the MESA Projectencompasses a wide range of activities.

Team members include: William Jenkins Jr.,Karen Higgins, Edna Nolan, Cindy Olson, DavidBailey, Tom Jarvis, Gilbert Aldaz, DianneSanchez, Adrianne Marquez, Diana Fox, RokeDiaz Muna, William Balassi, Donald Losi, EddieDumas, Michael Kupay, Gary Yuhas, KirkMcwethy, Jon Eberhart, Michael Street, IvoryAlexander, Mark Schaefer, Daniel Fleming,Frank Martin, Donald Cook, Stanley Harrison,David Plummer, Rickard John Davis, Christo-

pher Armando Hall, Jeffrey Randall, JeanetteNorte, Karen Keyworth, Ronald Jones, LindaRoche, Richard Coy, William Paul Ortiz, WilliamKitsos, Marvin Clark, Rhonda Dukes, JenniferKing Girand, Peggy Warner, James Beals, RaylinaRobertson, and C. Bryan Drennan.

Sandia Science & Technology ParkThe Sandia Science & Technology Park

(SS&TP) is a 200-plus-acre technology commu-nity located adjacent to Sandia along EubankBlvd. in Albuquerque. The vision of the park is“to be the premier national technology commu-nity for the purpose of business and technologyinnovation, job creation, and economic devel-opment.” The park provides locations for com-panies that are currently working with Sandia orhave the potential of working with the Labs inthe future. The SS&TP is a major partnershiptool for Sandia. The park will enable Sandia toincrease its business and mission capabilities.The park serves an economic development rolefor Sandia and the Albuquerque community. Itis estimated it will create 6,000 to 12,000 tech-nology-based jobs over the next 20 years, andthus is an economic driver for the entire region.Public and private investment in the park ismore than $118 million and demonstrates thesupport the park has received from both publicand private sectors. The park was recognized inMarch 2002 with a Piñon Level Quality NewMexico Award and in March 2003 earned aRoadrunner Level Quality New Mexico Awardfor the processes it has established and managedand the results it has achieved.

Team members include: James Clinch,Jacqueline Kerby Moore, Carmen Good, andLouis Carl Becker.

Managing Diversity Competence:Achieving Results through People(DVR502)

DVR502 is a Web-based, quick, simple, self-paced learning tool designed to develop compe-tence in managing diversity. The ManagingDiversity Competence (DVR502) project teamwas charged by Sandia’s Diversity LeadershipProgram to create a learning tool to increasediversity awareness and competence of Sandiamanagement while providing convenient accessfor all Sandia personnel. A sound methodologyfor strategic culture change includes the ongoingeducation and competency building of the peo-ple of the organization, a key element in build-ing the foundation for change necessary in amodel diversity program. DVR502 cultivatesthose behaviors, which, if manifest, bridge iden-tified gaps to overcome “employer of choice”barriers and promote higher performance. Someof the strengths of this product are: user discre-tion regarding time, versatility for individual orteam applications, rich resources for expandedlearning, and relevant and interactive scenarios.Key customer requirements were determined byinput from customer and stakeholder represen-tatives. Upon implementation, customer satis-faction and feedback were continuously moni-tored and acted upon through end-of-scenarioevaluations and comments and observationsprovided by users. The first DVR502 module wasreleased in June of 1999, followed by 12 subse-quent releases over the next three years.

Team members include: Elsa Glassman,Margaret Harvey, Patricia Layden Jerabek, GailSzenasi, and Barbara Lucero.

The Sandia National LaboratoriesCorporate Mentoring Program

The unique variety of talents, skills andknowledge that enable Sandia to achieve tech-nological and professional advancement are atrisk of “draining” away with retirements andattrition. Yet, to succeed in its mission, Sandiarequires a cadre of skilled, creative employees.The need to retain and develop staff, both forbusiness results and for realizing good return onSandia’s investment in people, is made evenmore pressing by the challenges of globalization,

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SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 7

Gold PQA(Continued from preceding page)

generational changes, and technologicaladvances. Sandia’s Corporate Mentor Programoffers a solution, providing a mechanism forthe development, retention, and return oninvestment of the Laboratories’ people andknowledge. The program was designed in 1995in response to several business drivers, chiefamong them, the increasing threat of losing“living knowledge” and the need to increaseproductivity of new employees and leaders. Bysheer numbers of participants, the program hasbeen a success, increasing from 68 participantsin 1995 to 454 participants in 2003. In addi-tion, the program has sustained steady growthand has been used as a model for other Lock-heed Martin companies. In 2003, CorporateEducation, Development, and Training, in con-junction with LTD Unlimited, performed astudy of the program. The purpose of the studywas two-fold: first, to examine the program’spast performance and sustainability, and sec-ond to explore ways to take the program to thenext level. The Corporate Mentoring Programhas been maintained through continuous mon-itoring and improvements. This latest effortprovides data on the program's successes andimprovement opportunities.

Team members include: Rebecca Burt, JamesStephens, Timothy Skaggs, Debra Chavez,T. Bernadette Montano, Colette Bristol, BeverlySilva, Ellen Wilsey, Rebecca Campbell, RoseGehrke, Lorraine West, Beverly Kelley, PatriciaSanchez, Deborah Nunez, Bonnie Hardesty,Jeraldine Dye, Charles Hollis, Linda LouiseLogan-Condon, Charline Wells, Tiffany Tibbetts,Soila Brewer, John Shaw, Kathryn Knowles, andMaxine Koester.

US Savings Bonds Self-ServiceWeb Application

In prior years recording an individualemployee’s US Savings Bonds deductions, selec-tions, and co-owner and beneficiary assignmentssuffered from many problems. While employeescould sign up for bonds via a Web application,the Web application did not communicate withthe corporate system where those deductionsand designations were required to be stored foraccess by the payroll system. This resulted induplicate entry and inaccurate recording of thisinformation within the corporate database. As aresult, the Payroll Department, at considerablecost, instituted a 100 percent audit of everytransaction to reduce errors. Since the commer-cial payroll software used by Sandia contains noadequate functionality permitting employees tomaintain this information for themselves, ateam was formed and chartered to develop aWeb application that would permit employeesto: enter and modify an amount to be deductedfrom each of their paychecks for the purchase ofUS Savings Bonds; designate which bonds theywanted to purchase with that deductionamount; designate who the beneficiaries and co-owners were for each bond purchased; and entera one-time deduction from their paycheck topurchase bonds in addition to, or in place of, anongoing deduction. The Web application devel-opment project began on Jan. 1, 2003 and theproduct was delivered on May 18.

Team members include: Brenda Delauren-tis, Lisa Trainor, Renee Bustamante, JasonFollingstad, Teresa Bennett, and AlanArmentrout.

Corrective Action Management UnitTreatment Operations

An innovative approach for waste manage-ment associated with cleanup of Sandia Environ-mental Restoration’s (ER) sites was proposed in1996. This proposal was centered around theconstruction and operation of a CorrectiveAction Management Unit (CAMU). The CAMUallowed Sandia to manage wastes associatedwith cleanup of its ER Program sites without theneed for manifesting, shipping, and off-site

waste treatment anddisposal. Managing thewastes on-site in theCAMU has saved theER Program more than$200 million over thelife of the CAMU pro-ject. On-site treatmentfrom August 2002 toJanuary 2003 of 33,000cubic yards of haz-ardous soils by soil sta-bilization and low tem-perature thermaldesorption helpedmake this savings areality. Sandia/NewMexico teamed withstakeholders including,local, state, and federalregulators and DOE toassemble a proposal toconstruct, permit, andoperate a CAMU at theAlbuquerque facility.This facility wasdesigned with the necessary waste managementareas, storage areas, waste treatment pads, utili-ties, and support buildings to efficiently imple-ment treatment and containment of contami-nated soils. With a life cycle cost ofapproximately $35 million, this facility was a pre-ferred approach to the local community, the reg-ulators and the DOE and yielded a viable replace-ment for approximately $250 million in off-sitetransportation, treatment, and disposal costs.

Team members include: Michael Irwin,Craig Wood, Adrian Jones, Rose Preston,Lorraine Herrera, Matthew Shain, Douglas Perry,MJ Davis, Don Schofield, Michael Spoerner,Jacquelyn Rambo, Lee Brouillard, BoydHamilton, Pamela Puissant, Rebecca Kupay,Brett Cummins, Eric Larsen, Hans Oldewage,Riyaz Natha, and Saul Alanis.

Cost Plan Tool (CPT)The Cost Plan Tool (CPT) Project was born

from the aging architecture of a former cost-plan application that was to be phased out ofthe supported Integrated Information Services(IIS) infrastructure. Although the former cost-plan application was being phased out, a corpo-rate need still existed to plan, measure, andforecast costs for programs and projects quicklyand efficiently. This corporate need necessi-tated a complete re-build of the cost-plan appli-cation, one that used a common set of tools tocapture all financial data elements. The CPTProject began with requirements gathered inFebruary 2002 and concluded with implemen-tation of the CPT in July 2003. Existing Sandiacorporate quality processes (Software and Infor-mation Life Cycle, Oracle, and the Spend PlanTool rules) were used in the applicationredesign. A team of financial analysts and pro-gram and project managers was selected toidentify requirements for the new CPT. Theseindividuals were selected because they wereusers of the tool and, therefore, were also cus-tomers. Their requirements covered all types offunding as well as special functionality. TheCPT Project goal was to provide a user-friendlytool that would free up time program/projectmanagers and financial analysts spent process-ing financial data when they used various otherdata collection mechanisms. The new CPT nowallows project managers to plan at a low levelof detail within the corporate system, ratherthan having to spend time creating their ownspreadsheets and then transferring that datainto the corporate system.

Team members include: Gwen Pullen, Rose-mae McKillip, Angela Ortiz, Veronica Lopez,Ernie Limon Jr., Patricia Salgado, Mary Chapel,Lucille Garcia, Tonimarie Dudley, Sharon Sar-gent, Victoria Gutierrez, Kathryn Fortune,Delene Cox, Sharon Ann Chino, Tamara Orth,John Moleres, Marie Myszkier, Joseph Durham,Peggy Stevens, Linda Blevins, Melody Larkin,Marilynn Barr, Kathy Champney, RobertMcCornack, Donald Flores Sr., Kathleen Sauer,

Richard Casey, Michael Hagengruber, GeraldineVelasquez, Larissa Velasquez, Janet Schow,Bobbie Vital, Rose Mary Chavez, Carl Skinrood,James Hilts, and Susan Schear.

Test Capability Revitalization (TCR)Phase 1 Design

The Test Capabilities Revitalization (TCR)Line Item construction project will refurbish andmodernize Sandia’s full-scale non-nuclear fieldtesting and experimental infrastructure. The testinfrastructure simulates extreme thermal andmechanical environments used to test, model,and improve the safety, security, and confidenceof the nation’s nuclear stockpile. Most of thecurrent test facilities are more than 50 years oldand almost all of the capabilities are in need ofsignificant refurbishment. A study conducted in2000 found that 89 percent of the facilities wereinadequate or marginal, while only 11 percentcould meet current mission requirements, andthese capabilities would be inadequate in thenext five years. The TCR Project has beendivided into two phases. TCR Phase I, which isthe focus of this PQA submission, will revitalizethe Aerial Cable (AC) Facility in Coyote Canyonand construct the new Thermal Test Complex(TTC) in Technical Area III. The product of TCRPhase I, at this stage, is the 100 percent designsubmission for both facilities. The Aerial Cablecapabilities include conducting pull-down tests,gravity drop tests, and simulated flight along acable. This Aerial Cable design work includes thereplacement of all four cable systems, installa-tion and construction of new anchors, pulleys,sheaves, control winches, and a rocket sled catchbox, and the construction of a new central con-trol building.

Team members include: Paul Schlavin,Michael Valley, John Scott, Thomas Romero,Carlos Medrano, Florian Lucero Jr., JasonCasperson, Steve Maggart, Jerry Francis, ScottLeonard, Mike Dexter, Wayne Evelo, Bill Johns,Michael Kupay, Christine Cooper, MichaelEdstrom, Jaime Moya, Regina Sanchez, DianneDuncan, and Scott Rowland.

W62 Firing System Test TeamModern diagnostic tools were brought on-

line recently to investigate the explosive inter-face on an Air Force stockpiled nuclear warhead.Originally designed in the 1960's by Sandia andLLNL, this interface is key to weapon perfor-mance and potentially subject to aging. Theteam assembled by Sandia and LLNL appliedstringent modern quality criteria and docu-mented procedures to assess this importantstrategic asset.

Team members include: Ronald Sauls, LeeRieger, John Lanoue, Doug Hargrove, GlenJames, Vince Farfan, Betty Cavender, KennethMiles, David Paul, Gordon Groves, Mark Can-nell, Mark Nissen, William Curtis III, JosephBonahoom, John Fuller, Samuel Johnson, andRudy Jaramillo.

CAMU TEAM — The Corrective Action Management Unit (CAMU) Treatment Opera-tions team was one of 11 teams that recently won Gold President’s Quality Awards.

(Photo by Randy Montoya)

Page 8: labnews02-06-04

Things were quiet around Sandia’s Z machinefor four weeks in December and January.

Normally the building would rumble aboutonce a day as each Z shot — producing 80 timesthe output of all the power plants on Earth for afew billionths of a second — provided newinsights about the high-energy physics inside anuclear weapon and, in some tests, even pro-duced neutrons, the first step toward controllednuclear fusion.

But for 11 work days between Dec. 19 andJan. 15, there was no rumble.

Instead of preparing for Z shots, staffers wereworking quickly to clean the facility, write newprotocols, examine operating procedures, andhire an outside consultant to review industrialhygiene practices in Bldg. 983.

On Dec. 19 Pulsed Power Sciences Center1600 ordered a suspension of Z operations afteruncertainties arose about levels of beryllium dustin some areas of the building and after materialswere removed from the building withoutauthorization.

“We realized we needed to step back and takea careful look at our operations to make sure wewere doing everything as safely as possible,” says1600 Director Jeff Quintenz.

Some beryllium expected in Bldg. 983Beryllium is a toxic metal that is heavily regu-

lated by DOE. It occurs naturally in smallamounts in New Mexico soils.

Some people who have been exposed toberyllium develop a sensitivity to the metalafter exposure, says Larry Clevenger, Directorof Medical Services Center 3300. A small per-centage of these individuals might laterdevelop a lung disorder known as chronicberyllium disease (CBD), he says. But mostpeople who become exposed to beryllium donot develop a sensitivity to it, nor do theydevelop the disease.

Normally a small amount of beryllium dust isnot a problem in Bldg. 983. It is expected, in fact.

Parts of Bldg. 983 are designated as berylliumoperational areas because beryllium is used insideZ’s firing chamber to create special effects, andbecause beryllium-coated parts sometimes aremachined in the building.

The building operates under a corporatelyapproved beryllium plan based on new DOE rulesthat took effect in January 2002. The plan specificto Bldg. 983 includes controls on how and whereberyllium-containing parts can be handled, aswell as requirements that regular air and surfacesampling be done in work areas to ensure thatberyllium levels remain well below those that areconsidered a safety hazard, says Al West,Director of ES&H and Emergency ManagementCenter 3100.

For surface contamination, those levels areexpressed in tenths of micrograms per 100 squarecentimeters, which translates to less than a mil-lionth the amount of material found in a packetof Sweet ‘N Low, on a Z surface area the size of apiece of toast.

Concerns brought forwardThe concerns that led to the suspension of

operations at Z were brought to management’sattention in early December.

First, an industrial hygienist discovered adiscrepancy in some records regarding the pastshipment of a crane from Bldg. 983 to a localcompany. He found that although the cranehad been cleaned prior to the shipment, it hadnot been labeled as previously contaminatedwith beryllium, as required by the DOE regula-tions.

At around the same time, Facilities workerswho had previously done some electrical workhigh up in the rafters of Phase B, one of the

smaller high-bays adjoining Bldg. 983’s cavernous“Phase A” high bay where the Z machine islocated, raised a question.

Why, they asked, were they required to wearprotective gear, such as respirators and dispos-able coveralls, to perform their work in Phase Cwhen a few months before they had performedwork in Phase B, the next room, without anyprotective gear?

The protective gear was recommended inPhase C because of the concern that berylliumdust that had settled over several years on hard-to-reach surfaces could get stirred up as construc-tion or maintenance work was performed, possi-bly leading to an inhalation hazard to theworkers.

The question led to a concerted review ofBldg. 983’s beryllium operations, says Lisa Hooper(3127), who coordinated the IH effort to under-stand the problem.

“The bottom line is that while we routinelymonitored the beryllium levels near the groundlevel where people normally worked, we didn’thave a good enough sense of how much legacyberyllium dust was up there above the normalworking environment,” she says. (“Legacy” refersto the beryllium dust that was present before thenew regulations took effect in 2000.)

ES&H the top prioritySubsequent sampling — more than 600 sur-

face wipes and roughly 80 breathing zone sam-ples were taken — confirmed that except for a fewlimited-access hazard zones in Bldg. 983 whereberyllium is routinely handled, the concentra-tions of beryllium on surfaces in Bldg. 983 weregenerally lower than the DOE regulationsrequired, and in many areas were so low as to beundetectable.

“We believe that the risks of anyone becom-ing ill from beryllium dust in Bldg. 983 areminuscule,” says Al. “We are not seeing a lot ofopportunities for people to be exposed. Neverthe-less, we want to be sure. Worker health and safetyis our first priority.”

Sandia has notified hundreds of employeesand contractors who performed work in Bldg.

983 and offered free and confidential berylliumscreenings.

So far, some 80 people have contacted Med-ical since mid-December for the screenings, saysLarry Clevenger.

“We would not expect to see anyone fromBldg. 983 test positive for sensitivity to beryl-lium,” he says. “But because this is important, wedon’t want to guess.”

For a beryllium screening, contact AnnaMiller (3335) at 844-5411.

Interim and long-term plansBy the time Z’s operations were resumed on

Jan. 15, hundreds of wipe samples and breathing-zone samples had been collected and analyzed;Phase B was being cleaned from top to bottom;new procedures were adopted requiring priorapproval for all work and for removal of any-thing, including trash, from the building; and aroot-cause investigation was under way.

In addition, numerous outside companiesperforming work in Bldg. 983 or providing ser-vices in support of Z machine operations werecontacted to make sure their concerns wereaddressed.

Taken together, these actions constitutedSandia’s “interim plan” intended to get Z operat-ing again as safely as possible, says Jeff. An out-side IH consultant reviewed Sandia’s plan forsoundness prior to the restart.

“The interim procedures are highly conserva-tive to make sure that we were doing everythingsafely as we resumed operations,” says Jeff.

Z continues to operate under this interimplan even as a long-term, more sustainable plan isunder development. The long-term plan likelywill take months to develop and will be reviewedby a team of IH specialists from around the NNSAcomplex, says Al.

“We feel comfortable Z is operating safely,”says Al. “This is a good example of Sandiaresponding rapidly to a safety concern and usingour experience with the radiation exposure prin-ciple of ALARA, or ‘as low as reasonably achiev-able,’ to reduce the risk to our employees in theworkplace.”

SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 8

SANDIA’S Z MACHINE, seen here between test firings, is back in business after operations were temporarilysuspended due to concerns about beryllium dust in Bldg. 983. (Photo by Randy Montoya)

Z machine back in business after beryllium dustsuspends operations for four weeks Highly conservative short-term safety measures adopted until long-term plan complete

By John German and Neal Singer

Page 9: labnews02-06-04

Results of the most recent Labs News/DailyNews readership survey, conducted late last year,show that readers who responded to it offeredanswers and opinions pretty consistent with San-dians selected for previous surveys. Over the years— dating back to 1995 at least — Sandians havetended to favor the same sorts of items in thesepublications and over the years they have tendedto be, bit by bit, more satisfied with theseemployee communications tools.

For example, the five most-often read LabNews features as indicated by results of the 2003survey are the same as in the 2001, 1997, and1995 surveys. Those are, in the current order ofpreference: Mileposts, retiree photos, humanresources-related news, stories of technical/R&Dachievements, and “Feedback.”

Growing steadily in Lab News readership,based on the 2003 survey results, are employeeprofiles and features and the annual “LabsAccomplishments” issue.

Sandians are again, consistent, in anotherway — their independent thought. Some see theLab News as an employee newspaper that offers,as a number of respondents described, “balancednews coverage,” while others see it as a propa-ganda piece for senior management that “speaksthe corporate line.”

Likewise, employees’ impressions about theSandia Daily News, which was born in 1996, gen-erally are positive, but the survey produced someconsistent comments. Although readers appreci-ate the many links to web sites that provide addi-tional information, they dislike being directed tourls that require registration to view the refer-enced material, i.e., The New York Times, and theywould like the Daily News to be “published,”either into their e-mail in-boxes or on the inter-nal web earlier in the day.

Who responded to this year’s survey?The 2003 survey — sent to 600 randomly

selected Sandians in mid-November (mostly bye-mail) — yielded almost a 30 percent responserate, which studies show remains good for such adistribution approach. However, this is signifi-cantly lower than the e-mail-distributed surveysof 1997 (72 percent response rate) and 2001 (52 per-cent response rate).

Despite the lower response rate, the demo-graphics of those responding closely parallel the

Labs workforce. For example, 41 percent of thoseresponding to the 2003 survey had been at theLabs less than 10 years, 31 percent between 10and 20 years, and 28 percent more than 20 years.The Labs’ actual breakdown for employee tenure:<10 years, 37 percent; 10-20 years, 30 percent;>20 years, 33 percent.

Also, the percentage of respondents in divi-sions 3000, 5000, 6000, 10000, 11000, 12000,14000, and 15000 parallels within a percentagepoint those groups’ slice of the total Labspopulation.

Selected survey results appear on the rest ofthis page. (For complete results contact Rod Geerat 505-844-6601 or [email protected].)

In general, how do you rate the Lab News? 2003 2001 1997 1995

Excellent 23% 21 22 18Very Good 57 52 51 50Good 18 23 23 30Fair 1 3 4 2Poor 1 1 0 0

In general, how do you rate the Daily News?(The Daily News began in 1996)

2003 2001 1997Excellent 31% 31 13 Very Good 47 44 31Good 18 21 44Fair 3 4 11Poor 1 1 2

On a scale of 1-5, 5 being best, rate the LabNews in terms of the following attributes.

2003 2001 1997Readability 4.36 4.30 4.15Credibility 4.34 4.23 4.08Relevance/Usefulness 3.88 3.86 3.63Timeliness 4.08 4.05 3.82Thoroughness 4.05 3.86 3.77Photos/Illustrations 4.37 4.19 4.13

Average 4.18 4.08 3.93

On a scale of 1-5, 5 being best, rate the DailyNews in terms of the following attributes.

2003 2001 1997Readability 4.25 4.25 3.88Credibility 4.24 4.14 3.92Relevance/Usefulness 4.05 4.00 3.53Timeliness 4.19 4.5 3.91Thoroughness 3.84 3.72 3.49

Average 4.11 4.13 3.75

Porcelain Press shinesAlthough the survey primarily included

questions about the Lab News and Daily News,one question asked what additional Labspublications — ones that appear on paper, onthe internal web, or even in other formats —Sandians rely on.

More than two dozen titles were listed;however, the Porcelain Press — available on theWeb and in…well…conveniently located“water closets” throughout the site — receivedmore than twice as many mentions as the nexttwo most cited publications, the Wednesdaysecretarial bulletin and The Travel Bulletin. (Edi-tor’s note: Makes a strong statement about acaptive audience, right?)

SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 9

Lab News/Daily News readership survey showsSandians pretty consistent with their viewsHere’s what a group of randomly selected employees think about these news publications

As some Sandians were completing their LabNews/Daily News readership surveys late last year,others at the New Mexico site were attending aseries of moderated Employee CommunicationsFocus Groups.

Although, by design, the discussion was ori-ented toward Lab News and Daily News, attendeeswere free to offer comments about any productsor activities with an “employee communica-tions” element.

For complete results, which have been providedto the Labs’ senior management team, contact RodGeer at 505-844-6601 or [email protected].

A number of parallel observations emergedfrom both the focus groups and the readershipsurvey. Some examples:

• There’s a concern that Lab News coveragefocuses on too few high-visibility-type researchgroups or projects, while the lower key, in-the-trenches R&D efforts can be forgotten.

• Daily News readers appreciate its repetitionof items that “need to be remembered” and itsuse of hyperlinks to web sites, but become frus-trated when those links require registration —even free registration — to view the material.

There were five discussion sessions, each with

a different “cohort” group: non-managers, MLS,10-20 years at Sandia; non-managers, MTS, 10-20years at Sandia; non-managers, MTS and MLS,less than five years at Sandia; non-exempt,union, tiered, 10-20 years at Sandia; and Level Imanagers, less than five years in that position.Each session contained 10-12 participants.

The groups independently came up with anumber of consensus recommendations. Somewere directed specifically toward the Lab Newsand Daily News; others were directed toward theLabs management team or the Labs as a whole.Some examples:

• Significantly improve the internal web’ssearch engines.

• Be honest.• Increase direct verbal communication from

senior management to personnel in theirorganizations.

• Pay attention to specific audiences beingaddressed.

• Reduce the average length of Lab News stories.• But, through a variety of mechanisms, pro-

vide more information about strategic planningprocesses so that results will be more meaningfulto employees.

Readership survey, simultaneous focus groups support each other

By Rod Geer

(Photo by Randy Montoya)

Page 10: labnews02-06-04

Evelyn Harris35 2613

Dennis Miyoshi35 4200

Tom Wright35 5923

Jim Buttz30 15252

Dave Neustel25 8241

Jim Knapp25 1111

Robert Martinez25 4149

Kirk Rackow25 6252

Patti Comiskey20 6951

Howard Royer20 8512

John Friddle20 8225

Warren Klein20 9720

Manuel Trujillo25 14172

Carol Dewolf20 8200

Jim Lenhart20 5531

Tony Teague20 4222

SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 10

New Mexico photos by Michelle FlemingCalifornia photos by Bud Pelletier

Ken Kvam15 2913

Richard Lucero15 10843

Robert Martinez15 9616

Kevin McMahon15 1304

Philip Sackinger15 9113

Paul Sands15 9322

Barb Wampler15 2331

Char Wells15 3520

Johnny Molina15 15406

Marti Peters15 3333

James Wiseman15 4152

Paul Yourick20 3130

Peggy Desko15 6900

Don Flores15 10016

Michael Garcia15 14112

Mary Girven15 9524

Joe Jones15 6874

Gary Holmes30 5920

Bernard Jacksits30 14406

Richard Kinchen30 5926

Kit Schmitz30 8225

Vernon Koonce30 4145

Johnson Morgan30 14172

Page 11: labnews02-06-04

SANDIA LAB NEWS • February 6, 2004 • Page 12

Sandia helps Z-Coil add spring to its stepThrough New Mexico Small Business Assistance programBy Iris Aboytes

Q: Recently Janus Capital Group Inc. has beennamed in a probe of mutual fund trading and hasadmitted to instances of unethical frequent markettiming and late trading of its funds. Janus Capitalsaid it plans to restore approximately $31.5 mil-lion to funds and shareholders harmed by discre-tionary market-timing arrangements. In somereports the Janus Worldwide fund was listed asone of potential market timer activity. There aremany Sandians that have put their money in JanusWorldwide fund as part of their 401k during themarket timing period of Oct. 1, 1998 to July 3,2003. What is Sandia doing in our behalf torecover the money that is due to the employees whoinvested in this fund? Also will Sandia be lookingto replace this fund since Janus was involved inunethical behavior?

A: This topic is important and timely. JanusCapital Group, which manages one of the fundsSandia offers, has confirmed that there were 10frequent trading arrangements that involvedseven Janus funds, including the WorldwideFund, an investment option in Sandia’s SavingsPlans. The question states that Janus has admittedto both market timing and late trading, but this isnot entirely the case. There is a distinction to bemade between market timing (rapidly trading inand out of funds) and late trading (entering atrade ticket after 4 p.m. Eastern Time, but receiv-ing the same day’s price). Market timing, whilequestionable, is not illegal. Late trading is illegal.Janus has admitted to having allowed market tim-

ing, but a recent audit of its trades by Ernst &Young says there was no evidence of late trading.

Sandia has been monitoring the mutual fundinvestigations closely. Sandia understands fromJanus that the restitution amounts made public inDecember — $31.5 million — will be paid in thefirst part of this year. Janus is working with recordkeepers (e.g., Fidelity, in Sandia’s case) to deter-mine the method that will be used to reimbursefunds or individual participants. This method hasnot yet been determined.

Ernst & Young has estimated the restitutionamounts to be about 1 cent per share on averageas of Nov. 30, 2003.

Although the mutual fund scandal hasdrawn criticism to Janus, Sandia had been evalu-ating the Janus Worldwide Fund based on itsperformance, organizational strength, and per-sonnel. In light of these factors, Sandia’s Invest-ment Committee recently decided to close thisfund to new investments (effective in earlyspring) and eliminate the option a year fromthat point. Further communication to savingsplan participants on the fund closing will bereleased soon.

Other options for international stock expo-sure are available to Sandians within the SavingsPlans, including the following: Templeton For-eign, the Spartan International Index, and thethree Life Strategy Options, which hold between5 percent and 15 percent in international stocks.

— Bonnie Apodaca (10500)

Bob Prew40 12345

Russ Haushalter33 2542

William Paulus45 5841

Dolores Grumblatt26 6116

Jeff Everts17 1734

Frank Carrillo29 14181

Robert Johnston25 1646

“The first pair of shoes that I put togetherwas crude,” says Al Gallegos, “but I knew I washeaded in the right direction. They felt betterwhen I ran in them.”

Gallegos, founder and chairman of the boardof Z-Coil Footwear in Albuquerque, is the manwith the vision, the inventor of the shoe with avisible spring under the heel.

In the mid-1980s Gallegos was running an

average of seven miles per day. As a result, hedeveloped all the normal injuries associated withrunning: heel spurs, plantar fasciitis, knee prob-lems, and back pain. He realized that his injurieswere caused by the impact of hitting the groundwhile running.

“Think about it,” Gallegos says. “When yourun, your knees, ankles, and back absorb aboutfour times your body weight.” He believed thatby putting a “shock absorber” in the heel of hisshoe, he could reduce the impact and thereforethe pain. He figured a coil would provide someform of energy return, which would allow him torun faster and farther.

He tried various types of springs before find-ing the one that worked best, a three-inch-wideconical coil steel spring that when totally com-

pressed was about a quarter of an inch high. Hehad the local butcher cut the soles of his shoes sothe springs could be glued in.

Over the years he began to think seriously ofmanufacturing shoes. He realized that if thespring shoes helped him and a few friends,maybe they would help a lot of people.

“It is not natural for a scuba diver to breatheunderwater,” Gallegos says. “But if you furnishhim with the proper equipment, he can. Perhapsit was more common sense than vision that mademe think that I could help people.”

In FY01 a New Mexico Small Business Assis-tance (NMSBA) project was established betweenSandia and Z-Coil. Under the NMSBA program,Sandia can provide up to $5,000 in technicalassistance to urban-based small businesses. Sandiaperformed mechanical stress tests on the shoes todetermine force vs. displacement in the heel andtoe box — force vs. displacement of three differ-ent springs; and determine stresses at variouslocations within the arch support. Sandia made aprototype of a safety toe for the shoe. “Sandia wasvery prompt, very pleasant, and they knew whatthey were doing,” Gallegos says.

Z-Coil reported record sales of $6.3 millionfor 2003. This represents a 139.5 percent increaseover the previous year’s sales. Al is very pleased.To become a Z-Coil dealer, attendance at a five-day workshop is mandatory. He says his son, 36-year old Andres, CEO and president, runs thecompany. “I could not have gotten anyone bet-ter than my son,” Gallegos says. “During thehard years, I mortgaged some of my own personalproperty and Andres questioned my doing it. Ijust responded, ‘if we lose everything, I will gowork for Wal-Mart.’ ”

Gallegos, an Espanola native, is a simple,deeply religious family man. His office has an olddesk, a book case, and several samples of hisshoes. In a corner of his office is his workshop. Init are all the tools needed by a cobbler.

He says he does not know where he comesup with his ideas.

“I was married for 20 years to a specialwoman,” Gallegos says. “Her name was Marcella.She has been gone for 20 years, but sometimes Ithink that the ideas come from her. Since she isnot here, this is her way of helping me. Whoknows? Maybe together, we can make this a bet-ter world.”

For more information on the inception ofZ-Coil Shoes go to http://zcoil.com.

The National AtomicMuseum is the premiere site for the“Strange Matter” exhibit, which openedSunday and runs through May 1.

The exhibit will allow visitors toexperience the science behind the stuff ofeveryday life — from shock absorbers, toDVD players, to golf clubs — while gain-ing a glimpse of where the future ofmaterials research might take our world.

Visitors will see the future of metalswhile watching a standard ball bearingbounce for an extended period of time ona platform made of amorphous metal.Children can play with amazing mag-netic liquids to discover whether they aresolid, a liquid, or both.

The exhibit is presented by theMaterials Research Society and madepossible by Lockheed Martin, Los AlamosNational Laboratory, and Sandia.

Atomic Museumhosts ‘StrangeMatter’ exhibitthrough May 1


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