149

T.ESZ, (er. ): Eu lg^.OEu, diaI. _Sr an emphasj.zing adverbial particle, also ajrurction particle betveen worclE-as $erl as co-oidinated. "r"ou"".-G i!-"og"r"n"yilh .gC rand.r; theLr ea:l:iet. f?xn.nav h1v9 been S. --Ortgil

'u:rk"o*.T_ii. g. ,#-, J':;";'31:i ti:::: fm :n:; *tl;i'ffiffi;,#;li";a.r,",,

anlnalg beca^Ee sickr = ent6r 6s 4fi;Ff,ffiFfETI6. tanlnal', !.. , gick' )-.cororn.: 1. lhe neanings are ranaLr, ralsor, ras werlr on both sides. 2. There isa chanoe. that_Uu g, E, _!$ ,lrave cone about through inversion; f" u"ppo"t of thtspxolosition, r refer to r4rn4n 1966, eB, where we-read, "g!.!._"oii"r.-il.j+jer4!a:in.,,,cy]Lri. J{sk+ si_Kalcgi'j ('tfrere werj_ _qy.frtends: ceorge, Jos, and C"rtiffi"paxtLcle si in the dle1. of eastern Eu Meldsdg courci verf werr te an J"tn"i.fo:m fronThich !g, fu, and ds have

"or". -----'

405. J shibireru' 0J glpg (r.) :rou" the sensqsfonera sensation, becone nunb,/Eable . 4.051-F'qralyEEt/pdisietr'; ;.e1, ,oJ-aJ.{-lE ;i;;,$;-a;J;-([l iffi{y,J shib.i.reru n5-si-E^,becone blind, (r.:.'"FiJ.@:!.C i""-irp.i="a6. sib.i.ru ffiC. of sneII, (p. '"oiE-i); Ono: sibi+ (sh.n, ) = J shibireru;0J sip.u J shiborur., shi.ore-nr, 'd.roop, 'witherfrfff,, 'be liip, gr-ow wea*,J shib.o.nu raaffinor@(v, j i'd: -

rr shi .o,reru ____

H; ;:,* i : i:- -

#fr-3 "l;.4i.": *ffi ,#" ;i':"t"*ttf;"i;:l ;, ffi #',1 : ;;- -$;;:;_ '(the blood) throbs (in .a benurnbed'-part or tire 56dtjJ.,

" ibb""" +,, zsibb.o.d._ rcauae to become stiff/nunb, etc. r.--This wora faiiry is onon., uOlt.".""t_ -Conn.: 1. p.b.n.f.b.6.: rbe/becone nunb/paralysel | . __Re_" zsib'o'ros- #:g't:$ f il-# i:'i,,Lr"?:"ii i;"i":;ii.'31*33'i'"&;I (<g) fitedlar iE, ti, Eii [, o.r ['v! uo li ("i,""u-it ig eafero assune genination). ,. Cf, the foraoants r Ln the eane cohurL

406. J shtka. OJ sikA_-_ka: --k?!"a11 @!,rdeert (ancord.ing to O-no; -4

TaUre ,a0,fi--ienaiiFunexp l ainelll-:io--TE'-gen. /attr. nirker; -"iEi-iaJ"", o"rut,J shlka venison, neat t ).

!: "T3 ff"?l'-i9il;l}'i""ii.l;,€/il"#fo59' 'sl rn tet' kee /Koibal

ls* * ka -Coffi.

: t. p.F.ro.r.u.".i'l"iir"i ffirn.rry or still) hulted. for? I'i sika j.ts neatr. 2. Since it is not possibie at prisent to 6eciae? Md tuv{, rrhether 9Jg$ is a conpound. or not, I piopose to'coropte sita!o I'i +!9, IrId luvd.'pig' ( sICEs gives x3!g- as trre recinstlffteafo::n of the latter ), but oJ ka io pSa.:r

''kE ,. ptron. : A) initialJ €_!-: 9r e_-_ .(= !e) vl Fi.g-.,!- +_!, r'ra y- fti+ sy11.. J, oJ ! vs r,i i,-ird. E / -nedial J. 0J k ve }i k- l{ai

_g_ (regular corie spond ence ) / finar r, o,r -.-i" ri--g,

Md -d, B) inlTial oJ E: vs "s;-;g:lii""i-il-:;;;-;fu-;_t407. J shikoru, Ono: sikoru (V.) '(Vi) hard.en sotidLfy; get stlff, indurate r.Table 407-'J shik. o. ru

YTPU : Hu. szigorogod.(ik),^.,ossze-sz.' (V+) thicken, coagu-rate; setr bind (e.9., lnortar, plaster); cohere, lumpr c€-ment t (cisszg t together t ) , szieo-r-rr, szieorrL, cieonr tsiunt-_ed; narrow (of a path, a defile); gaunt; strict, rigorous,hard.,

. rigid., unbend.ing I harsh | .TESZ (ex. ): Hu. szigorf, etc. f need.y, strai,ghtened. (of liv-ing cqnd.itions); rough, hard., rigid.; exact; simplei,srieoTi!- 'oppress; iorment | ; (witrr- sporad.ic initiai S- r )FieolrL tmean; wicked.; sti.ff t , ? sikari I lean, gaunt | . --Origin unknourn.

0.HuIt

tf

ft

sik. o . fuszig. o. rosod-(it )szig. o. ruszig. o. 16gig. g. ru

Eu zsug.o.rod.(it )tr qug. o . rod. (it )Vg durlke. r-Ugric x cryqlr 3. r 3 TFSZ (ex.): Hu zsugorod(ik)nrOHu, dial. Fugorod.-

shrink, shrivel , contract , atrophy t,,"r,.., Vg dunlc6-r-skin) shrivelsr . -- ugric *Crrrrk:(gg), -s- being a frequ. iornant., Drr.r.Lv('rE u5r-ru ^IIr4n3[xg/l -g- og]-ng a lrequ. IormaJlt.Comm. : 1 . P.b.m.f .b. s. : I stiff , hard.; become lnard-/contracted.t .--Hu zsugorod.-is most Iikely a variant of d.ial. Eziggg.1!- (i < g, since the word. is-6i vefar

vowel ord.er); if that is atlowed-, ;:;6TmA- *6y afso be taken as llgric . 2. phon:initial J Eh-, clJ s- (t = t") vs Eu g- t g-: _l-, u *4 /lst sy1l. J, CIJ i vs IIu

'(vi)t ( ttre

150

k vs Eu gr E, _Ugric. *.gE f tinal-. of

. the prinary stem,

.-3. Uote-ifr6 foiroa't" g on both sj.d.es in the sanei < &., Ugric *u /ned'ial- J ' CIJi, Ei.r 5 v" Hil o, ?t ugricpo siti.on.

r"or3oo.+de@' ?$":+F,{fili:,ill;3*',i3I;,"fj;l,,1,{::=e,il'i :ilii.?:"il'#"ffi." iv.) ltEE.a-i(to), cone even (with)' be as good as "" nence

OJ eik.u -s.ika tthus: liker.;; sit tns7{"*. ii so "it '(noun) p}ain/l everfflat ground'; (gajt) "un-r sik.os p""y, "to6iUi,

ffio"LOU"'"i,a"u tgnoothr.slipperyr, .g!@fu tar sik.us plainr' sik!!- tnale snooth/even ' ' --orrgan unKnown '" "il. ."ag ' coonffi P'b'n'f '-b's': rlevel' fl.at' snootbr' 2' Phon' !,' sik.it- initiar I sh-, oJ q (= je) vs-Eu g- /1 st svlf i' 9{-+ ve Eu i

-. i-li""i"s that tbe word' is. of velar'vouel orderi note: {-vs-T

is aue io ionpensatorv lensthening) /nedial Jr^9{Att-I* E:-Z'cf. Benzing nSe , ej, Tg *sektA: 'spread outi' 4' cf: Ranstedt 19'2/58 \rr) ' 2252

i, t.r.j" ';lai, ;ven' ("r.@ reven, smoothr). l. cr. entqy 0J -g!!g'

n* t shina' 0J !g rislandt' tr'lorenz .1901 ' 16' rt Shina hat in dex arohai-Table 4o9 ""n.o

opi""il!-fri"ii"""- "iJnt irur' die SeffiEEng rlnsel| ' Eonderzr

i-;frif.. .ii "".ir-;l-td', wie k,"i" ( 3v the wav' EEIE neant in A?ch''ic J

oJ sin.a not only 'i;i"tti', bult a-1so-'1andt te;i$Fcou''tryr' like !ggf'Lp [ll;: * 3il:T f*r.;#.;.":l']j ;is:'"1o3,ffi.'l*ii;:"q;@'"".,'Ig -9ot'? initial ;'";:,'6';:-;"'ru-*g- Tist gvrr' J,. oJ !.vs-r'u Jtu /Ioeiliali'i x6un's ;:';; i vs

'u *g /rinat J' oJ -c "" ;t'-;-.

(" neitrar '''o*6t), totnote LPI Yg -a'

410. J g[!g}!g1, o" "?""it (sh'n' ) td'roop' vither' wilt' fad'er (of leavesl

Table 410 _. o"urr"ff, utJtu of'prants), oJ- Binepu- (v' )., ' (vi) bend'' swav

J shj.n.a.Drnr easrly, ha.ng d'ovnt (said rooistly of plants)'oJ sin. a.yu FIrV 29, TESZ, .MszFE (ex. ): Hu csiin- '(vi) sl-acke.n, droop: ,:!?prl sin. aHu csiin-'PU ti:*:::Iii;$-tn,li*:t*,-f:ffi"*i"ir=?fi'i1;.#72"!u''vtv {1"- S*gL"-;=;;;;, dininish'/Kn so.ida-tJ- rdlminish, linit,Zr 6in- finiff. -- U *Ciitt.-0s sgu.- .. Courm.: 1. pffi.f.b.s.3 twither, d-roop; d-ecret":t, henceSk $trrn.e.m Vra. rstop thrivingr. 2. Phon.: initial .f 4-: 0J g- (= t") lr! U-

u *61n.3- ' -i:''1.rr sy1t. J,-o.r-! "" Y Tg (:-."".".ryi"::11:owel)/'.T"1:"t^.|- t

J, 0J n vs U *g. 5:- N gld ti prot"t:-y ? frequ. ? -XG) arL ^

archaic passj.ve/med.io-pa*"Irr"' verb-foinant T; Morphology)' 4' The st:rrcture of

I{m Si;iaai is not clear to rle' 5' Cf ' entry E!;!!$'

411. J shinobu, - 0J. ?in?uq (I:l: ) 1 ++*++*:g31t, (:*;i'},"";i"ti?Ii,1"63""tn";

n"ortt t '

+i l4;tXioffi*iffi'? "tffri"e iffiI; '"pv; lneak thier' , 0J sinobi

ffiE5.bu rsecrecYr'oJ sin. o. ii d;;- (;;. ) , Hu csen- 'to stear ; smuggf e | . --Origin unknown.

fr sin. a. pu rr tt 3 Eu gse+:pes 1 ?s?npes:z t f alse, fraudulent ; irregulart

1 sin. r.io unlawful; snuggl-err . --Origin unknown.

Hu csen- MTSz: Hu csenderi.t- rto sIeal', cseneeskdd(ik) 'to act furtirie\r!'|tcsem..peSComm.:ffi-.n.f.b.S.!'to@;actin?sneakyrr csem. .pesz way, , 2. phon.: initial .J sh-: oJ g- (= g) vs Eu gg- /1st syll'

J, 0J i'li--il.i g.("n"") /neEal .J, oJ n vs llu n itt g-; re-

gard.ing the cluster -Ep;l trr" roTroriil'p;;;osition is ilade: the stem csen- had

at one stage atr extended. forn, s&X, ;"E""Unt (l?" para11el structure' cf ' I{u

arr*-<* 'to stand-r, g++:.f '6-IT; settlel); whel the vowe] of the un-

accented. 2nd- syll. was rost (as i1 so many otrr"= j-nstances), 4 became assimilated

to B. i. Note the occurrence of the forna.irts, J' oi-*l , oJ :P(9)' -n(g) vs Eu

-gr-all in the sane colu'rnn

412. J shinu, 0J sinu (-na-line conj.) -tfalter, d-roop; give way; d-i-et pass

awa,yr, , (aer.l oJ ?++ur* i"!;"ri-i'l_i"n ls'ralt"=i"i, "t"'':'-3 o{ Ri+aEi (sh'n' )

rd.roop, wither, wilT, fu,,i"; (oi r"at""r-b""""hes' it"n" of plants) (-91 was atr

obsolescent passive/nedio-passive verb formarrt even in 0J times' "' uEphologly)'

151

ffi* a'ilifud;:ilffitrffii'rs::::iikil,;l*iiffk"i:i.tr sin.u.ru l-O"tgao uu.t<no$n.? 0J sin.a'ru fnSZ (ex. ): ^Eu

senwed-,-OEl,.-sz*!3{Sg-, sz?niv:, d.ta}. s6rrved._.F," *tT. .+- ElEreg- 'suffer fr. on ulcers/sE@ woGEs;-aecay; ra^ngutsrr,,; ^:11.

,+;, !,i1e affay'.__0risin unknorm.:_fti! $ord fa^oily rs i,ery ritery-" szrn. .Iod- cognate vith those of szenved_ and sanvarcat_, respeclively.-rr sers6 .ved- tnsz (ex. ): Eu szenvedl-kuff-e", t ei.-i-!ffiarre"i "il; t""r7"""-rr si!v.e. d.- dur? aff tictionfus-r . __Origin un:sronn.rr azen.i.v- TESZ (ex.): Su sallvarEat- -d iif . uorrv"=cat_, aonyoxaat- ,tor_rr sa{r'a.r: ment' 1ofu19' 6!liElfscou"€".',@I,ii@,""'-il ""w.".T- sonvorf raching, painful, uretched, niaerable, d.estitute,,rr sanJr.a. d; ?anyaf: -dial. se+yeT- = sarly?TFat:, -OSu, d.iai. -"rrv",1_ ,"of_rr csen.e.vdsz fer, langulshl g;-t 6tunte-; wlther; degener"t",,

-gg4ggg.g_ ^_rr senJre.vdsz sgqweszt: rcause to/nake ;uffer ' .:_ Origi" **"ormT-" Ba4ir. a. v6ez TESZ (ex.): Eu osenev6g z -_dia]-. sa,nyavdiz, senyevdsz, sdnva_g3!g r s i ckry, affi66d]-scr.gsy,

" t;;t

"d.; ] _ffi-"".ertain,

,"","-,,,,*.""i::"f:n"ffiffiffi f.di,irT*:::fuff#lrords in questJ.on are varia.nt a.vE16lfr6E, 'by spllE-, oi', ui"rl q"v, u *4r4_.If that is.aIlowed, then--- initial ] ea-,'Ois_-(= is) vs U *{_ 7r""i "yrr. .r, O.r*, vs

-1I *! (= anv velar vowel),/nediar fr o.r g;" d *E- l. Note-thL parailelisn ofthe for:na''ts g in ,rtl syll. i further, the el-enent Uul in jrd sy[. is rediniscentof the 0J fo::nant g, spirantized. w.

41 ,. J shiri, 0J siri,tbuttock, hip, re?r, back pa?t, tail end.r; ? OJ _Birarabre . 41 r-irotr6fir(e.s., "i'a- r-eitre).'ri"iir'"* -6,r'i3:,i"i t 1o"iiiaffio"-J shir.i ner of the eye,, .kapa-ziri. ithe nouth ot a fE *,rna_ srra ,a

9J-_ sir.i fax-avay ptace' (!..iornerr, nookr), oy'di_ui"i ,trr"ffifi tu.? 0J -sir.a elbowr, ya-zj-ri tthe baok end. of a nouEEfl-zt sgrEu sJr.o.k tr'okos-tr\rche 19592 Zr 69g : karka_ 6er rthe back end of a houser.rr sur.u.k t":,"\uf .l.:_tJ.^!Sl OEtr suruls, rylr. dial.

_ sorok, sarak, aorahff eor,u.k 1-E t- -"- o.t-n. -rot:naJf,t J I corrrer, arxgle; heel; inler ed[d-iT a-8667, ;;;.;.; !?T:hi"| the hinses are- fastened); the poles of the lrobe; (soI_

,i sor.a.k Lc/ roundatton (of,sone xing) r.___This word. night be a derivativerron trle verb sur_ /sor_ lsar_ | (Vi.) turn revolver; if sol then _kis a deverbai il;n r'o--l:n;Tco!n.: 1. The verb B:9g!-/sor.-/Bar-.is, accoraring to TEsz, the verax vower o?d"er

I?i-.fg! of """-/ejA-{gg_:'io u-ue'-uu"y/in a hurry;. r{e can asree to thie proposi_:i:" l:' entpr Si,.Eowever, I cannot accept the suggestion that xe neaning'coxner, angre, h.eet- | j-s_in the ss.ne category as rbeing busy/diligent /in anutfir.The

- turni-ng i'nner ealge of-a door-pane ts supposed to provide the -onaection, but

+J i! not convincing at a1I, becauge it is no prinitive concept.__p.b.r.i.b.g.,rheel; back lqrttl hence Inookr far-away !lace-r. 2. phon.: initial J sh-. oJ s- vszr 6-, Eu g- /ist sy1l. J, 0J ! vs Z? g, Eu 3, gr 9 /ned.iaL J, OJ g v-s Zr, Su-r.,. Cf . liluraya^oa 1965, No. ,Z: 0J siri i Mo glfi-i ""pe

of the neck'l41 4. J shj-ro-i ,rabr; 414-

J shir. o- iOJ sir. &sill sir. a-Eu csill. o. g-rr csil . o,. g,-? Vs $iil. .^f-tr s61.r yul. '.I:-

0s 6u1. i.. taff Stl..pAtaYty diI. a. f-ft gilj. a.r-

0J sird-si, sira- fwhj.te; fair (of skin); gray (of hair),.chil

n

Md.

FiFTI

ts3,1.tso'I.tsol.{3ir.

Kar t$il.*g

"J.

. ^v TESZ, MSZFE (ex.): Hu cs._Ll-fog-...-0Hu

l$frffi csilae- ,be arigLt/"'alffil; shi.ne,.i*, glitter, gIi-sten, sparkle r, csillag:i;= tstar t r---,yg _{ii-i:r,- rto s.parffiritter,. ketb H,d, shi-ne I , siila-, Suly- id.. /0s duli-ta t to

shine, gtitt""'Epbfte'' toEffi.ks- sparkler/vt,V g4ef-ffi"t- 'be bright,

sparklet, t$ile- tto shine, glitterr/Chts3lV3Za^m rglimmer, shine d.inly (said of""o")lE1"3z"t

I to gli-mmer, g'ro* ' ( ofa sta.r ;FFdt tsotwo 'rightiing'/

.tia

tdiloor : td. nolens-lto glimrner, slinet

PSa^n *q€FYn Cir-I{n si.r. iKoibaL dii.i

152

(rgJg*g. '!o eo] ) - (li far t*ittcettea 'to shine, sparkler . -- FU *-{3lke-. --In IIucsTfi3E-, i piobably conesE-n-$- r a

C"nn.: 1. P.b.m.f .b.s.: tshj.ne; shiny; be brightt (9f : 0J sira-fruki rwhite

snowr and- Ch ts. tto glimrner, shi.ne dinly (said of snow)t.). 2. Phon.: initial Jg; Ote- (=E) vs iu *4- it"t syl1. J; o.r ! n" Fu_1f /nedial J' 0J g vs Fu *1.

Tnn" eTementTt *-t a is d.oubtless additional to a disyllabic stem . 4. Cf . Prtihlefr'o. ,6. 5. Cf. Muraya,ma 1966, No. 40.: Mo sira.tyellowr' 6' Cf ' SW 1-JBz *Sg=

\'whi-te' ; cf . fV serbra, d.Lr. -ggpikd id.. ,E-Cir-, d.er. giloi, sirf id. , Yr SppJ ,

Sk der. -gg4i, I(n siri , Koibal 5it'i .

41j. J $hiw?r 0J sj.wa rwrinkle, lige (".g:, on onets face), crease, rtrmple,T"bt" - 41 E- fold'; 6-noi -iina : a9a:kuE-?:-?-ig '(pale green)J shiw.a ? Yr ti' striped c16:EF (@ igras"i)'0J siw. a ? |lv t':Fi sy .y ; i; ii ry T6' Ti s{s ("t'd s{ve?) 'annual ri'ns (i" a

f, ? syv. e ;-- tl l::,") r streEfr droua@ i^rood) ; f ibre, f ila,nent;

ch rgdj (a) ? sk # t?:n; cause' reason' grognd-; fault' ( >r,p utsjoki;-_8ij."u*"[j.=ffi';}:::"},il'=:*i'l)'{::'i?if;}'ui.+,;3:l""'Vty si =-zr si 9'"o ;31il:3-" #:f,:(Z;:i";i:"fi;":"il t*"(?1"iT1""ffij17ff1,

Yr tji,^,tid.- tstreakn cloud- (in wood-); annual ring

MTSz : Eu Szdkely d.ial. .ry. t stri.pedt , e. g. ; csepes szoFnya t stripef skirt | .

Conn.: 1. p.b.m.f .b.s-. tlayer; streakl stripet. 2. Phon.: initial J sh-r 0J

e- (=-t"i-"" g xg-, ? Hu pg- /tit 1q11. J, 0J i vs U *ii, ? T:C /ned.ial J' 0J gr? ci.l ili" u *i, ? IIu g FnaL J, oJ -.?. ts U *-g' ?.HY g.--ClJ -sin? is a likelyvarianT of sil6, fo= *1g, alternation is encountered in J (".9. r Si33-9.gI young woma,n I ) .

415. J shizuka("") , 0J sid.u(ka) 'quiet, stil-1' .peacefu] r tilE*J, d-e99rted;narrd'--+i5--- ' s6tt; sfrffi'qrt+goTp*?.0J sidgnam (y.l-'(Ti) settle' sub-J shiz.u-ka side, sjnk;be qu@L', ;@l' b.r diau-nu (sh.n.)0J sid..u-ka tqui.eten aIlay, soothe t , 0J sid.u- : sid.u-ye t lower branches I ,

J shiz.o.rytr sidu (sh.n. ) rto lower, d-rop, 1et d.ownr suspe*dt t Ono: 9id-ururr shiz.o.r"r,t 6 "h.rr. )' ' (vi) hang, aangle; d.rip, dropt (of llouids) I 0J0J sj.d..u.maru sid.anr (y.) '(Vi) rt?tts d-own (itt strips_or as the.fine twj-gs

'r sid.u.mu of "-*""ping willow) , J shizr:ku, 0J siduku (V. ). ' (V+) sink' .

fr si-d_.u- ? J shitl, 0l sita iund.er' (postpositionally); (that) which is6. sid..lr. rll underneath | .

TEat; SzOrSz (ex. ): Hu csri.Fz(ik)ryOUu csus!-g,n(-lk)' csiF??n(ik)'0J sid.. a. ru TESZ, Sz6f Sz (ex. / : flu qsuFz t +K/n,, u$u 9ts184!!!111,-S/ r g;!P.gdg\n sid-.u.ku csiszqgrl(ik),

-csusza^no+(i[I'(yi) s1ide, slip, sink' sliileJshj.z.u.kud-ownGG;,"r@ip(into1e.$.9water);s1ither,? J shit.a crawl i.--[tnSZz this word- is onom. ; SzdfSz: this word- night? 0J sit. a be on.om. 1Eu' "ueo"-u(u) trsz (ex.): Eu g,!E!q- oEu g1!}g.'.cgindes, 1i?1' q$19e'ii cstrde-s' s6ndes, c;6ndds--I oiseless r stirlr quiet, peaceful r softtI - - - gq+g-g - ffiiuni'ETI-rted; safe; inconspicuous i slowr'--0rigin un-

, KnOI,Jn.Eu causz' sw llt *"co"6- 'to drip/clrop/triakle | ; cf' Tv tantadb icl'I Yn

:: "Y"i'i- tiaai iallT-@$s'a drop'.I - - -"9"-u'9'g-- -To.r.

i t. bitoura argue that the adduceil words belong to?Sall * c€ne 5- t*o u"ruJlti" fieLds: a)'to-han€i, d.rop ' sink _(Uo"T) ', b) 'stitL'

quj'et' peaaefulr. Eovevert considerlng the pholetic shape oftUe aat-a on the J side' I suggest that ve are dealing with a

single woril fa,nily.--P.b.n.f .b.s.: ' slide/ha'ng/s1ip/drop/sink do!'nr ' hence rbecone

q"i!l; (r."., a siate of quietness has bebn reached, for tbere is no longer the

"*oup"""i of iatling o= si;tioJ'). e. rr'ot'.: initlal.t s4'-l 9{,5.1:.EJi: Eu e-'

!-,'isan *c-/ 1at "vrr. i, o.ll'"u {u- 9, !., 9., ij, (where we note that- together uith6"ouu- *" Eina cs:.sl-, i."., i: nust no:ve-had vetar qua1,ity. tti'ere; the.8t:ns rya.nd csEnd- are tatren .u .ri.i.;1=t iw.roptetttu ) , PSa'n ig /netlial- J z' ? !'-,0J -g' ? j'i,i-"ffi "ai-d".-.a: :.-uot" it" o"'"o"t"tt6"-- in thd sa.ne corumn--or.the fom-a,nte m on the J side and in Eu. 4, lltrere is a- ohance that Eu szdn9.6=-6d( ik) - "t""d$lJi?#ll'-iji."",i"iu"Jirl'oll-sbsE3trig tE.gJ ,fa1l into a slumber, d.xop off

153

to sleep, d.oze off I belongs here. As far as its "1"99 is 991ter*"d'..tt" rstem

d$"q-li;""d--/r"^r-/9l"tr appears to be a variant (by split) of ggg"*-/g,gfgg-/ffi-d: i""^,g "ffir as g^,sz alterrration in the earlier stages of Eg); for thesemastic si.der cf. 61rgli--srt E"op off to s1eep, faI1 into a slumbert (where thefeeling of raropping/iaLlingt just before losing consciousness is at tines real).TEszstatestha1-theoriginofsre@E)'etc.isunknown,buttherearemanyd"ata available which show that The basj.c meaning of this word. was f become quiet'calm downt, hence also f to flag; faintr'

417. 0J -sikuTabLe 4170J -sik.uafrr"Hial. sik.o.su1-

would. be aComm. :

ivsEui

SO-[O V,rsd ;-si vrn

tIoosO- rlItutlii- rr

i- rl

e-hii-n FU

-sa It?-sa

so-nsu-so-n

,SOsi

: pi-sj.ku (sh.n. ) tthe sky.or. the sun turns d.ark; the.sky ggtso"t'ffir'6;;; i'uri-siicu (y. ) 'to rain i.ncessrantty' (punr-(y. )Ito fa11 r, e.g., iainr snow, hai.li Pi = (?) pf f sunt).MTSz: Eu sikoiui-.*,besikosul- (b"- En t , her-e a verbal pref ixind.icating conpleted. action) 'the sky becomes conpletely cover-ed with rain-clouds t . (ttre assumabl-e shorter form, *gi@-,

frequ. verb; ! is a formant of reflexj.ve function). , _

1 . The r""tritt[s agree . 2. Phon. : initia]- 0J S vs Hu g- /1st sylI. 0J(. il /medj,al- 0J k vs Hu k. 1, Cf . entry g$!@'

418. 0J sip*Tab1e 418

-

0J sip. fHu csep. e f€ttr csep.6te treest' ? csep'ered- up";;ffi:?tT.T:t:Hii.b.s.:

'oakl ? vouns oak'the base is csepe; the other forms a:? probably

'(one kind. qf ) gak'Tiat: lnnS, ("*.)t Hu csepe-fa 'oak-tree (of ? certain.kind);TESZ. MTSz (ex. ) : Hu gpe-fa 'oak-tree (of ? certain kind') ;

Vo*g oak t (f" i t"e" t)@, csepdte , cseplye, _ csepi es?.r ggep-

cseprefi, etc . t bushy wood.s , holt , scrub t 19w growth ofIE-To;est)', ? csLpered(i.k)r- csdpcjrod.(ik-)' grow/shoot

(on the Hu si.d-e,analogic forma-

tions). z. phon.: i4itiar oJ ffi Hu E- /lst sy1l. 0J i vs Fl g.fmed-La1.0J gvs

""'g fttnaL OJ -f rr Hu g](opg"; in tne form csepered-r all- g's are also pro-

nounced. as €), g it the sane position'

419 . 0J sird (Ono: ) t enclosed./forbidd.en place' , later I castl-e' .

[ab]-e 419 Kannisto 19j8, 506: VS jg ' (r) sacrif icer r jj{-;i.3!. f sacrificial

-

0J sir. o*vg tir :;:il,?,';;zuT$;,%:"3r:_"::;:lffii"3T :;iu;"(+*':l=:;;J; ,to0s iir sacrifice | .tr jir' es- Conm. : 1 . Si.nce places of sacrifice used. to be highly respect-

edr they werer €LS a rule, protected. from sacrilege by guard.s orf ence/wall; thus such forbid.den places could. in times of need. be-

come places of refuge ("" so many Christian church buildings, esp. in Central and

Easter:r E\rrope).--l.b.rr.f .b.s.3 rsacri.fice; a place of sacrifice r. 2. Phon. :

initial OJ g: vs.VS !-, Os ,i- (tfrese sounds are. said. to be reflexes of PFU *CL,

;. La*:6 1966, 51) ]t-rt sylll Oi i vs Vg i, osi /mediat 0J r vs Vs, 0s g.

42O. J so- : -pg'g g.rc.tthatr. OJ 55|, g.i r=a person pronoun; Ono: s& and siTaLLe 420- are cognate.JOJtl

HuIt

ft

il

llIt

Fitl

lt

LpIt

Md_

vtvZr

sisi-j ate- u (t)j 6,-h-xro. gt a-wtt-w1il.-w

*sg

*rg

Yeps; in Vote r Est r and. Liv r it has the vowel e ) ;e);

FW 97, TESZ' MSZFE (ex.): 8, Si-^OEu, dial . '!, 3i-,L-r -g- the, she, J-tt -.-Fi !1@, the, sher (this pro-nominal stem has the vowel ji i* Kar, Olonets, and

[Z- -sa^r,-sdr and. (after a vowel:) -(fr)an^--(!)!-1r-ttett, p" or rhe Jro person /xp' sg;-@-)trd-f?- -sa+s'eL, and. (after a vowel:) -(rr)an^--(rr)an'..,-1r-ttett, p" or rhe Jro person /xp'""11;-Gg-)@g-(rr) , pi-of the Jrd- person /Lp "ogre-)reWVty so tthat, yond.er; he, she, j-tt _/.Zr sir €jL the,shl ,Tt ' , E;;1g" id. ; i trrrt , yond.e

"' J'/ ve telrl etc .

'rr", shei f0"-i5h,-&,, @; gi'. itr.-"ill: (r'w97 z) "Therl ra!:-n"n6T'""ilittEu,lEt least) twopronouns with the meaning I that, .he, she | , o1.e withback tongue vowel and. the othe: (trre others?) withfront vowel-. Cf . . . . llu 4%. t' /Hu az I that t./ --Theinitial Fi h- has arisen in unaccented- positiontthrough gr from )tg-. -- FU *E$-, ? *EU..

Conn.3 1. The meanings agree. 2. Phon.':J g-, 0J g- (= tt) vs 36 xg-/1st syll. J g,

initialOJd, i

154

vs ffi *8, ? *E. j. Cf " the pron. formants: J -g vs FU -n. 4. Cf . Pr6h1e No. 57.

421 ..J.soile, 0J t#" rsleeve'. Omod-aka: accord.ing to_one- opinion, "t41s

word. isIabLe 421aompos,Ed.- of s& rcloth; clothing' + jg 'hand.'; however' d d.iffersJ sod.. e from d.OJ sdd.. e TESZ G*. ) t Hu gj;i-^,OHu gi I sl-eeve | . --This word- i.s of d.ebated. ori-Eu uji gin' It may be cogrrate with gii rfingetr

' with semantic shift to de-

" ul note rsleevet. If this proposition is allowed, then cf .: . "'-Tg !ld've tul gl4 'finger'/os $i, iEiL' 43i2 tr+i. ' finger;

- thinble | , ++L

rfinser"" tuli. e .45i 'finger-r!a6' / /Nlotor t?je-ala rfineerr (-& pxr?dsc)/Taigi jgi€-{Os lui id. (=n pxlstss).-- U +g1ft.rr to-i Conn. : 1. P.b.ttl.f .b.. s. : tfinger; armt . ,2. Phon. : ,i-ni-tial_J g-_rIt tUl UOII]Itr.3 -l . f.D.III.I'.O..S.: 'lLngeXi d'Ittt'. ,1 o srrurlo- rJ-rlr:r1. u 9-r,r ,rdi 0J g- (= ts) vs V *y/ 1st sy11. J o, 0J d vs U *g /ned.ial J ' 0J d.

Motor taj.e- vs U *0' . 1. Cf . Prijhle No. 58.Taigi ta,j . a-u xsu6'. s

J sgg. e. ru0J -sdk. uJ sok. o. na u0J sok. o. napuHu szeg-.VS serS. d," Pn s€i$S0s siTl. d. t-rr qeq-Zv t$"s-Vty die-Fti * 6eqhg-or * 6eir1k.s.-

422. J -ggg1'

423. J soko'Tabl-e 424J sok. ooJ s&k. &Jr 0J sak. &. rl.l.il tf sak. a. riHu sz6ktt szi.kfl szek. atl cik. aft cik.6rf cik. o.3a,

6no: sofltl (y. ) rto chi-pf cut/slic.e off ; cut aslant; split off , d.i-niniffiTl OJ -solcu : kl,ri-s&<u (sh.n.) 'cut off, cut d.or,,m and re-move' (karu 'FTut'@' r shingles i (ita tboard.' ),J sokonEill-0J sokonapu (y. ) 'ffi"k ' smash , demo li sh ; wound- , in-juret, J sogenr rto sp1it, splinterr.Fw 111 , TESZ, MSZFE (ex.): Hu szes-fope.n e / f to cgt, slice,split, break ftne law, or a bird. t s wlng/a cart-pole/one I s neckJ ,spoil somebodyts good. mood-; change direction when travel-ling;attach oneself to someone'

-'i'8-sgrlGbp

tmortart, ggsg- rtobreak, crush, pound., smasht /Os Elget-r !l[-rto hit' beat,pound-i /zr $9g: tbreak, ."ru,sL, .tffi.n two or more pieces' /vtv!;g- , lg--fT-econe tornfbroken/chipped. off ; (vt ) break, smash ' .

FII *CegEl- or *"arlk3.- tto break | .Conm.: 1. P.b.m.f.b.s.: rbreak; cut; spli-tr. 2. Phon.: ini--

t-ia1 J g-, OJ g- (= t") vs Fu *C- or x3- /lst syl1' J g, 0J o,d t" FU-€ fned:'ai J E, 4, QJ tc vs FU xg. ,. Cf . Prohle No. 51 .

4. Cf. Ra,nstedt 1952/58 (II), 197: Mo siike-d-e-' Tg suke.-d-e-fchop off with arL axer.

OJ s&k& 'depth; bowels;. th" innermost or d-eepest P?I!i,boltoq',so15e.g. r 0J nid.u-sdkd' 'bottom of the waterr, kdkdr6-nSf Sflkdtbottom of the heart f . .lr- o.l sakaru (v. ) tprospe@thrive; copulatet , J, 0J sakari theight, summlt, peak; the prime(of life); heaifnatingr, OJ wo-zakarj. 'the prime of a mants lifer) ,((wo f manr ).,(fE-SZ (ex. ): Hu szdk,^.,,08u, dial-. @, sz6ka 'pith' eore' marrow;heart; essence; stiengthl vi.gol; yolk of eggt.--Origin unknowls'.TESZ (ex. ) : Hu cika s.., ? cikji f-6 ain .. f ormantJ 'young, tend.ershoots in the ceffi of leafy pfa;rts (lettuce, cabbage, etc.),bud., sprout, core, nucleus iof a head. of cabbage and. the like) t,? cikora t(p1a3t) embryo, bud.f .-- This word- fa,nily may be related.tol]@(atov").'

Gmn.3 f . i.b.m.f.b.S.: rthe j-nnermopt part, the centert,hence rthe prime or most vigorous part of .l-ife, which i-s also !h" period of pro-creationr. 2, phon.: initial J g-, 0J g-. (= ts) vs Hu g* t 9-- (t" OHu a,nd in thed.ialects gdF-a alternation i.s aTtestea/ istTyrr. ,r glg, 9t g' C I: Hrr d, .L, --L/med.ial J, OJf, vs Hu k /"f . the final of the primary stem, J gt _at 9J €f a, t9 IIU

gt g in ifr" "i,*" posiTion. 1. Note the end.ing IIu -g which_is also found- in faszo-

Ta'penis'and-,probab1y,in{i@'-""oFl',"6.'F.],ehtisa1o1956,teb.E;"f

. '-r:a in J konu-ra ttalf of the leglt, kashi-ra thead'r I etc'

42A. J sonaeru 'rnake art offeringf sacrifice (!o a god), ded-icat9. (lo)' provid-e(for)l'nafce prepa"atj.ons (for) ; furni-sh (a house).; .be equippe] (with{

" _!,1*"";p="p"=ations, preparedne"", . provision; qqxipg.entt (9..g.' {oT, d'efence), sonalraruf be furrnish"aip"o"ia"a (witrr)l possessi, o;

"dttapE (sh"n. ) lto complete, make per-

fect;gathe=,,Z"'^n8e|:]0];&.";;;=@,6Js,*aEu({.)'b:furnishedconpletefy, be arrangea p=op"rry1 ,r to6il6 0J toTF&pu (sh.n. ) f prepare,

155

T.9bre 424 arrar.ge, . settle, conclud.e' , totonou, 0J tdtdndpu (y. ) ,^,to,bgno-JSoII.€L.eru?oo'.(y:)_'beconp1ete/comp1ffi""p""ffiG"iir"azF#ffi-It sorr. €!. e termj.ned./d.ecid.ed r .tr soo.B.waru s}f 165:. *t_ql f nu.mber (r) r i cf. lpv d.er. tualbE) d,ma rto read.f =oJ t&tt. a.pu Yn tutpd TE6-

"o..*i' , yn'd.er. toiac-;;; ffi?, """"t ll torrragtt s&.n.a.paru id., sklg!rutont160r, Abakaf thun r1oo,. -'

-

.. t -,

-" sdn' a'p:_, TTll, ("x. ): Eo sgiig- f consi-d.er, pran, intend. (to do); be sorryJ to'ton'o' eru (for); spare'.savelpreserve, tate care or (riir.

"-irl"oose): i-n-I' to.ton.o. u tend to give (sone valuable object to sonebod.y), ;";;;;7J6"ti""0J td.t&r.ot pu (sonething for someone), dedici,i;/d;;";;i;;;iil'(;;;;;r,iirsiiii;-rf to.ton.o.poru to, salrr a task)r.--Thi.s wird. fa^ni]y is br O1*4 origin, ct; Uig,PSa,m *ton Chag e-gn- tthink, consi.d.er, d.eem, supposerr Tiirknen sEn- rtoHu sd'n- countra-ppreciate, value, take into accounti";;;;"="tfo", ,

"6ho,

expectt; cf. furthFMo EaIIa- tthj.nk, d.eem, intend.; remembert. The ""r"rriic aspectf be of good. intenti.on; tifve' (it 6fron) *"y have se:rred. as the basj.s for the Hu

meani.ng tbe sorry for; spare; take care of f .Comm.: 1. It is probable that Hu borrowed" EzAn- from Tu. However, Hu has so

malr.y d-oubtful, phonologically uncertain so-calFot'u Loanword-s that it d.oes noharm to mention ="4'"- in.the present context.--P.b.rr.f .b.s.: tprepare so as to becompletef , hence rcount (> read.), consid.er, pla^nt, hence tsacri.fice to the god.sfor the success of onets end.eavourt. 2.0n the J sid.er w€ see two variants asstemss Egg- and ton- (jg- is the reduplicated- CV shaped. root, in agreement withthe pattern seen so far); fgr the alternation of initial s- with t-, there areseveral goo+ exa,mples in J ("f . for example entry sane).-lphorr., initiar J g- i b,9J +: (=_ts.) , !- vs PSa,n.*.!-1 ? Hu EA- /1st, syll. T-g, 0J !, & v" pSam *g, 1 H" 4/med-iaJ. .J, 0J n vs PSa^m *n: ? Hu n. 1. Cf. Poppe 1966, 9T: Mo Eir,4a- tto Tfrintct --Ma gg- (= -€-)-tto know',-iV sE-.T"or" to knowf ... = Otu sa- GE-) ;to eount',E?n

f a numb"T', .e-ana- (= "?;n-a-) 'to count'. 4. Cf . Benzii[ lgS6|li z TS *J-aqu-

I to read. t ;>ttt*ott tto count t = Go taog- , 9f&, Oroki taun- ; Ud.e !ggn- t to count t

taqi- f to read.t, Neg, EV, Lan Jg4- id;425 . J ggg, 0J sdra I heaven r sky ; air, weather t .

TabLe 425J sor.a Mu. Szi. t Vq tdr€nr t?g"* theavenr skJ[; God. (above, also mj-nor6, ;d;:; legos' ; , quarter oTtrre -heaven'

.

v; ;;;:;., li:5T:v.,19o2: 0s Irtish lF="t, tfirem, ttrrm 'sod, god.head ; sky,0; tilr'u'il n""";lili:-t:t":;:i:i.il:3:l"T"o";

ai.r' . 2. phon. : initiar. J s- r 0r

a1 _r, or r vs v;; k #"Ll"I*;,03r!:"4:-r;'li'ul 3; il 9.";.u$*:,03'-;"r*Jn:l;a d.enom. nolrn fornant . 4. Cf . Didszegi 1978, 109: ItThe Chuvash stil-L sacrificewhite horses to their god. Tortt (the Chuvash are d.escend-ants of the Volga-Bulgars;the general Chuv term for !'od., god.head.' i.s given by Ransted.t 1952/j8, 216 ""tur6; stand.ing i.solated. in Tu, could. it be a loa^nword?).

426' J Eg, 0Jnaatd 426-J so.ll0J sop.ufr s&.rrJ so .erflltl sow. a. rutt sow. a. srr0J sgp. a. rull s6p.o.ruFi sop. i-. all sop. ufl sov. e. I tuaEst sob. i. d.a

€gpl, dpoi (,also). Fgb .(ry ) 'accompffiJr,. attend. (tg), be ad.ded"/marr-Led !to, ' suit/meet (one_r s purpose): comply (with), satj_s-fy, be ad.justed (to); driw c1os6r -"rog!i" ag'ai;ist, be next to;li" alongr (".*., a row of houses forrowing the "rro=eii;;i;J soerp, 0J

. sopu ( sh. n. ) aflix, annex , atiach, ad.d. to ; brj,ns/drffiose (mt i "o**o', O;;; ;;;; (".;-;;"*Iia"i't;);;='creased.; grow in. size t , J, sowagu, sowasem r to mate/natcl (aman with a woman)' , o,r so'poruTconJffitea) = gg.gry,.

9KES ("T. ) : It, !gpp. rto . f it/su it/match; ?gree i be compatj.b:re/accommod.ating/harnonious I r soplr ragreementl prritv, rrafro;t;;-soyittF,:? rfit, suit, ad.opt, acconno.d-ate (to); aa;ust, noiiiy',

E"_t-Fobida = Fi sovettua, rbe suited./ad.apted./fitted,, ir"p"sobittad.a 'be U"6ifif,"t-othe , suit welt ' 1 etc .

comm.3 1. P.b.m.f.b.s. z tfj-t/ad-d, (to); natch/harmonize(*l!tr) 1. z. phon. : initial { e-,' 0J gJ. (='t") "r'ri-!--j-trtsy1l. J g, 0J er d r" Fj. o /neaiat J-f,., r,,:d; g vs Ff !., 5 U.

155

427. J soyo- 3 soyo-sotfor_.6*o_, soyo-sofo 'gent1y, softly'. (said- of the blowingTabre 427 - offine-b.), { sp;ge.glJtto: sgJory (y.) :.(vi) nrstls stir,J, O. soy.o- sway, quiver; (e.g..,, of.reeds swaSr-inginth"r-wind.)r 0J.sayazurr '' soy.o.gll id.; 0i saya-saya'(like) tl" sound- of twigs/leaves rubbing onerr n soy.o.gi against the-othert, sayagi ^,EgTg ra noiser.0J say' a flry 128, TESZ, IISZFE (ex. ) : Eu 4ai f noiser, racket, sound., clash',ft say'a'gtl

zg;grc-,^v OHu sz?io+e-' tl"' noisyfturtulent/cla,morous, make a d"i-nlttSad[.a.g,LfieEgi,ffiound;''"ws,hearsay,fgne;noise'/o,eij''-Hu zaj sei 'v5i6's6Ga, noise; news t fti Egi- '(vi) ring, sound'/ Lpfr zai. o {q E&sJa- ,,,Eaoi*- / fz ch Xakte- r $okte- t (vi ) ring, sound. i llay .,, s zai.o rrF ffi; ffi;j: :-#"ffi;:ie--us=lJ-' *-"i;[l ;"tu*'*iift (- ).vg s9i \---

a;;.: 1. p.b.m.f.b.s.: rnoise; sgr.md,t. ,. Phon.: initial J,, suj0s "oi f;.d$-:;",;#l ffi Yfi;Ju,; i,T,.f-"(';;";ll'i,i'i:'r.ni,,o',, saiFi so .i. Trr" lrd sy11., J, 0J g as verb formant is paralleled by Hu H.

i;u*i.a-!$";;"=;1t-?ll',l",3"fl:]t}.fi;ffi:"Toffii"3;.'li$1tUgric*qoj.U,latit;makea1otofracketfnoj.se'@etMi11er1975,B1).t ru x6oj.e(-) --

428. Jr 0J su rrough mat; a blind./screent (nade of bamboo or reed tied suita-tatrd-- aze- - bly) i l, ClJ sulu 'weavefmake a netr '

IT--X.k.., ? 7i" ;i Tflfu"t'1Tf,"{f;f;}'of",##ru+; ix;:;;;=f"::l_

T," :;3."- ?u,,;l :i*j;',;:;;*t:,:"#F-*i"?T*"ffi"* s6.v.dny 1 S:VgH:{?il+-33:n:?fr;trH'li"iffi:""I$'l"i6I'Lffi],ffi" sa.1 o= *::.3.1 ("r t"i=) ';-&!a,' s?!d? _'to- pr'a:-tfbraid' ("-fos si.T[ or *se

' k' 3 rrair) ; tnalceTroEe rm-basket, f ish-trap foat' of'r se.R o= *f:.T.: iiiuL"h' /t z" .ii'(!d l"pott thread, yarn; bast;rr sQ.t. . tb- or *6e.8.3 ni"il"u hai.r, , 3i1| ,r,air (generaitv); .rrlrseharr,tr se.q. - de- bristie ; bear6. ,T vty di, - dc f hair ' /? Ti siiii

--The Zr, Vty, a3d. Fi words could. belong-tl another e-tynolory, -too. -- FU . *6iir|3'

If Fi siiii, ooes not belong here, then: r'U *ggE.g., or *.d.$9.r- or *-6"1sr or *@'Comn.3 1. p.b.m.f.b.;.: tpiece togetheFonstructf , hence tmat, carpet, wick-

er-work, braid, y"""t (perhaps by senantic transfer: thair, bristle, beardr, beingsimilar to purposely assenblLd. tfrin *u,i"=i"l). .?. Phon.: initia1 J g-r- OJ g:-(:r"i-;;-Fu--i--;=-;g: /tst syl1 . J, 9J o

"?- FY ? o= *z /y"d+tl J, cl-J k vs FU *qr

or *!, o= i, or *6-. '1. The circumsta,rrEe that sutcu +" .1ol attested in 0J d-oes not

mear. that this verb d.id. not exj.st in the language at that tine.--The verb suku

is evid.ently based- on the noun sq.

429. Jr 0J su tvi.negarf , J &L, suppa-i, Ono: su-si rsour; acid-; tartr' 0J\abl.;' 42o -^ Ar- v\ ,f susi tboiled. rice and other food flavoured. withJ|J su Ch H:Bi ffigu,"',J."t?*,Cha,nberlain3,EtJfll-.spvu,Ono:J su- i - l:-- , u surnr (sh.n. ) 'turn sour; go taa@ten (bT food-)O. su-si ? MdE ti1'lT? 6ffi'."ilga (i. ) id. , J shio 'sal-t water' sea wa-J slr. eru :. :?'!T" i;=m;', oJ E@'sffi sea water; tid.er.fr shi. o ? Fi ha. Pan

oJ si.po ft ha.ppo TESZ, MSZFE (ex. ): Hu savangfl!1"1. .#W1' ? s*. wlr Est ha.pe Se@41r.- ' sour; tLtt; fffil$-gent (of-smelf)' ', su.Jru rr ha.pu @r;ttexlr,?.sdska

tsorrelt, ? so rsaltr'--,r su.rruru ugric. *q".na ffi::=i*t$i_:":gq:%iil; #;; ;i";i:i?="-Hu sa. van;nl ( t Fu) y..,, sr. rr5tF :; " "'

.. ., se*!- - 'gel .off .i o1 T#,,liL 'get/turT, sour /tet'

Vgse.g-Fu*{'.trp"ffied.'^":::^("''u"HnR,*?:'{:*:"?il,]o.IP''ve 33:i: i;.;: l'"-=op" ) f c1 s?Ba ' *o=' ' 3@ 'kwarsr

,, $ii.wi- (= ;;;"; ;";=i /r lrauErro., , $=ap",te-i"o.o r

0s t$e. T ;b ri b343&, id. , ' hg,ppo 'aoid' , Est hape I leavening;

rr sa.11 da. u,"iffiu,tion; I"ate*, acid.if ier t r hapu I sour t

157

acid't '--Ilu -SEr- ua :4:@, r'i -g are d.enom. nom. formants.-- ugric (r Fu)*d"Bl". rf tnfcn, Md;Fil-and. EsT forng belong,here, then: FU, *lgp.E.comm' 3 1. Taking the oJ sterns sgt-/sg.w- 4a Ei!: t"r gi!g.) as differentty d.e-veloped- foms from the same root--Su ;.T'.m.f .uE id 's6E,1cid.;tart; sart(y),.2' Phon.: initial { e-' *:,,0J s- (:- tsl.) vs ugric,_? FU }€_{r:l sytl. Jr 0J p, ivs ugric' ? FII xa /med,iar J 9-, p!, o,r [-g, ? w vs ugric (Fu) *g, i Fu *pp. 5.Cf. Prdhle No. 59 .

430. J subomu,^.rsubomaru.Table 430--

-

,) , u. sub. o. mu ? Hu d.ial.J sub. o. maru ll ff

sub. o. merusub . u- sisub. a. rusov. h.nysav. a. nsiv.5,. nsuh.6.ny

t$ov. atSov. i. Jte

53v. aS3v. u.ftehup. ahub. ahub. a. ne

*dup. a(ex. ) : Hu d.ia1. szupo jk6, szupuj-I s1im, slight, s1end.er, tapering,lean, meagre | . --Origin unknown. --

Ono: subomu

szup. o-szup . u-

(y. ) rbecome_narrow(*=), .taper off | , J

gir.bontmr Ono: Fubomu (sh.n.) ?make (athLng, .namow€r t r Ono : subarrr (y. ) rgetnarrow(gr)', oJ "uuo-"oEffitrii"it narrow | .FIIV 98, TESZ, MSZFE (ex. ): Hu sovd,ny -.,d.ial. sohd,r- .

--1f,,t - E€tvanr savdny, .ffi;

sung,{ly, soaq 'meagre, infertile (ofsoil), stunted (of plants which j"orl onsuch soil) ; lea,n, sLrawrry, thin; in-significant ; flattish r,---,UdE tEova.!Soyi4e, Md]4 $iva, SGvde 'triii]-Een-der' /Fi hupa 'smalt; fteeting; bad.r,hupia- | grow Iean/tninr , huvela- rbered.uced.; grow Less, shrj,nk, &isappear |

,Est huba, hubane floose, friable,crumbly, brittle; amusingf, Kar hupa-l-aine I lean, sma11, punyf . -- FU @a.

Yntl

It

ri

SKft

tt

I{nrr

tt

OJ0.Hun

ft

tl

Md-Efl

sdb. is6b. i. reseb. i.. md,rosfb. i. d. m

sgp.e.tl$ep. !. kBab. d. gaSBn..kgsilim. . ke,Md.M

tt

FiEstff

FIITESZ

#iThe ending -WJ-UI appears to be ; dim. formant.Comm.3 1. P.b.m.f.b.s.:,tsma1l; leanl naruowt. 2. Phon.: initial J q-, 0J s-(: .!.d vs FU t, ? Hu ."u- ltst "yir. J, oJ s vs_Fu-\ 7;;il"i;;-il L;"'ri'.,i- tfinaL of the primary stem, J' ClJ g, 2t 0J g-vs FU *-;, ? Hu o, u.--fi """*" thatthe llu d-ial.,stem E?ueu- j.s an. arc[aic fornln which sz- vs g-r -B- vs -g-r -p-

Y! -9-r and. (second) -o- vs 5 of sovd,ny could. be of =d"rrarr"L. 5. Cf. pr6h1e No.55whereYrsiYie,iTP''sit-.itet<uE,1ight'rea1soad-d.uced..4.Becauseitseems pertinent' I add-uce potentially useful d.atilron S1^I 6T: *ke.i.E- 'trifling,ilg-llli "f: IT d:=..=*!.i.,

"fbtT="1 setiag, id., der. corret-ative aor:.st 1st ss

fi:l+ru=?:-*P|becometrif1in#'Eian'be}ight,trif1ing'/Skd.er.F9lcer|lf:f#l S?bdfla tbecome Jight, easy' ; "rl'i6!5rr.e , $Ai*r.e 'light, -easy; cheap ' -Koibal e.iumke t cheapltrr t .

+4'3r'+!s' o'*ry":3:i

53'f,ea:I"*3",1;3fif;n3iu"f"3, f;?"J'tl5:;-l8t&^ ?iH?T'-J su.e baset), lru-zuwe'tf,e t"p end of the Uowi, yll,na-suwe ,top of the0J suw. e mountain LHu stiv' e.g TEsz (ex. ): Hu Eiiyeg 'head.-geart /""p. the tall, conical typ"J;;.,- -"1_- : conical or round.ed. top of various objects; the angled./pointed.ch 3dm.a.k$ top of some roof stnrcturest.--Origin unknowL.0s sum.i.nteh MTSz: siiveg-fa_ tcappi.ng; head. treel d.oor linte1, top bind.ingtYr saw.ll. a (gg_:tiee, wooa'; -g is d.enom. noun forma^nti:--'

'-EIt s€llw. a A. Siitq, A szav4 vdrilzsa ( t th" charm of word.s t , quoted. by Cath.I' haJn. a Hungari.ans I SunAay, ZO; 1977 r p. 6 r) "M6g ott taidf jut Kelemen-Tv sarl.ll nek a qtiveednt' ('w" stilL find it on'th6ToF-o-rTTjTT ffiInSo.effie-offitainsing1epine-treenearthehomeorstit6jlU *6u-m. a

I{IV 77: Ch Sdnak$ 'l-inen cloth t at one end of which the two cor-end. is.qointed. and. fashioned. into a hood-t (d.e.r.) /Os sunintS_fr tkerchief, shawlf( d-er. ) / /y" ?aryal saqwa, ha,ma ' cap r /w ""r.1 /yn'

"b " . -l-E-E*ia.

. Comm.3 1. P.b.m.f.b.s.: rtop; end.; capfping)r-e. Phon.: initial J s-, 0J g-(= ts) vs. Eu g-r u *6- /lst sy1r. J, 0J u vs Hu ii-, u *g fmed.j.a]- J g-, o"fw vs Huv, u *s /ttnal J, OJ--g vs Eu e (open), d *-u,. -'

4r2. J suga- 3

Tabt-e_ J12J sug. a- shi-i0J sug.a-si

158

E@- pus?sqi- i r . 0J Egga5l.l-, .ougb suga- s i I ref re shing, brac j"ng ,

fresh- (of air)"FIIV 1jO, TESZ, MSZFE ("*. ): Fi syks,y, strys tautumn'r. Eqt@.g,^.,":igi".".: /. l,p Edtcd6^,lavcf,ffaEE9' dokpr- dok6-, iviqryl

fr'; d" r]/[h $rzi,@ /flryuvt-, *W'@1gs' "tc./os;6*;,=6t; .'/- no@' iffi1i,wi ) Fg ;""o"F, ([nsz, prszFE :)l[-xq!k{e_ or *siik6e.--0s g-r fp !-' Yty -ii- are irregular;Vty -Sa d."ttoE5oott fo-rnant. -

Comm. : 1. P.b.m.f .b. s. : f cool- /bracing (air) t (which ischaracteristic of autumn weather; cf . a) Hu nyd,g t sumnel I

which is linked. by TESZ to the concept fwetr, b) Fi suvi fsum-

mer; nild weather, thaw; south; southYitl ' , -9 )

Gerna+ . T"5bgitaufungt, originally tfruit gatherillSf. 2. Phon. : initial J s-t

0;-;- (='r".)-;;--fi-ie--/t rt sy]]. J, 0J q vs Fu_Is: ? *!u /-nedTal'.lrT.l g vs FIf *k /sten-final J' -0J g vs FU *-g' ,' A-part from the 1qt sy11. vowel , the .d.iff ereilce betweed (qWt;fu *rgl."ri"

"rd (rnsz, MSZFE: ) iEikd" / siikdg is , that Collin-

A"= ffilTs the Est and. 0s evid-ence concerrring the erstwhilepresence of a vowel between xg and *9. I could- not agree withhim more.

Fi syk. . sytt sX .f.sEst si.ig. i.. sfr siig. i. se-Lp dak. . Uatt 6av. . Aa-Md sok. .6Ch de . .Ldtt Si . .ileVty si4. Y. 1Vg tiik. . sOs s6g.a. sIIu 6 . .szFU xsrrk. e. de? FU *sik. . dett *stik. . Se

411. J sugi.ru, OJ suguru (y. ), sqgtl (I.tt. ) 'go too fat, exceed' , ,J ryryrabls-.-.fif-J sug. i. r3r1 vg {6r taPe-fli$i '-overeat,.tg,' (tabenr 'eat ' ) , 01q : .rr sltg.1r. reru O; $oh sokll-ba.G") n, ?otco;P?(Fu) . ' some ' marty, a lot | ,

oJ sug.u " $sk bui-E6E.Tn"hT,...@ rextremely, to excess',

' sug. rr. ",. Zr t$gL sdkFa-ku-ni tnany tim?" t , s.oki:da-kP I ex-o.sok.u-C1r8ottrene1y'exceSsive1y',.l,-cr@),-n sok. o- rr 6ok. a suku-yaka(na) tbeing in full vigor/strength I .

0J sdt. & tt tdak. a:.ta r!'IfV 128 , TESZ ' MSZFE ( ex ' ) : Hu SoS :-0$u suk Ii 3lf:i: FU:tq": #i"tpc.:l;*#'*ffife#Jll'ifi;"_Hu sok or iF QoI{i3 na,nes); a nultitud.e; maJryr. much, a lott r "@ft suk f for a'1ong timet, sokan (ad.v. ) .ta great manytr sak,, sos t";::t?inft',u3"#,T:il,^71!:(3i,go;"F'rr sik wood t /zr t$ek tdense, d.Lnsely growing' (q=op,rf szik fore"t) , lilg ia. /Cfr Uot, 6ok? 'thick (". go

FU *lg!!3 o= *lgkl.3. rd.ense, thickr .

Comn. : 1T p.b.m]ffi]s. : tmuch, exceed.ingi "dense

f . 2. Phon. : initiar J g-r 0J

g- (=-tr)-vs-Fu "f- 7l* syl1. J g, -o, 0J ur-ob ,rs FU xu or xg /nedial J' OJ E' gvs I'II *g. t. cf .-FIry 157 z Eu sok ..:' //nfosn ggg 'nu6h, to6- muchr.

414. J sgil, 0J .sudi 'muscle, , tend-on, . sinew, -vein, fiber'^91"i:i^liTto"";

Tab].e' ' 41_4*=" - -

- Strif e. streak; lineage r descent r stoclc' .

]G.ichji?.:.1TESz'MSzFE(ex.):Huiz'1inb;joint;d.egreeofoJ sud. i ' i"2,'t'2

"6i"iio"ship i g"tl"""iim, stock; part, slice r s€8-

Hu iz yIdE e2' 'r1e ;;"t (esp. ;i ; living beeing); -times', izmosrr !z.o.m MdM jei:"fr€i"or",ir"it (<j,zom tmisclet).--origindebated.Os iilt Fi jd.s. e. n p;;;;;liio"'r);-os itrt ' 3oint, knot-hole (itt att i.rt Est i?:': t="iy;, *S 1d. ; 'perT6d of -time; ligb, joint,gslig*JBl.! FU rFies'e hi;;", knot (in !h;. stalk of a plant), place from

Zr joz..,,a or x;Els. .rre where the branch(es) of a tree gT?Y ("lR' of pine-il jQ] tree ) ' : -- Ugric . *igE':--PT?position 2) z '^-" Ztvty joz @ 'muscfe; joiifl {e? 'joi-nt' /Ytv ioz'joi-nt'

litbr segnent, knot, nodet (e'8't in tlg,corn-stalk) /ci iailon ' joint, t91", gnarl"-,i-*99-.

' joint; generation' /ryIgF &, MdM i\t{?, _W' joint , articulation' limb'/Ei.id,s-en id. ,, Est . jz[se'. tlj.nffn a chalnJ; linbt .liThis equation is only acceptable

if ch -!t Md -1-., -Er Fi -fu r"" fornants.-- FU *ies" or xi@'--concerningpossible A links of these word.s, s. T,igeti, MNy 44, 44O'

159

Conn. 3 1. Since they are sema,ntically id.entj.cal and phonetically very closeto each other, I take Ugric *i!!9. "ttd its reflexes together with tit *jag'/&"".

and. its reflexes. The two groups are probably variants of each other.-IFTb.r'.f.b.s.: 'ioint, node in a body (aIso of a ryrant)', hence riguraii;;i;;- 'g-eneration,descentr. 2. Phon. : initial J g-, oJ,€- (= E.) vs ugric, Fu *ri- (ro" g];i_ aI_ternatj-on in J, cf . suggge*tgl _'to rin"il-wash, pour', ptiu,ior." fi"i'., ac-cord-ing to Haguenauer 1956, ,279J sabunr = y?buru rto tear, Snashr) /lst "yif . -

{l 0J g vs Uqll: - *8.'

_ FU *A /medJ,aJ- J .i, O.t g vs Ugric *!, -FU *g. J.' Tlrre element

FU x-ne is ad.ditional to a fo:merly d.isyllabic stem.

415..J_sukeru'^9{ suku (sh.n) tto herpr &sFisl'r_ J_ sr*el oJ .rrk.i rassistance,E3ble +.<q- - aid-l-I5fi@.r-'OJ sukupir' (y. ) ito'h"lpft ,gEFOJ-""k@J suk. e. ru the1p, aid., assistance | .ll guk. e0J srik. url s'uk. elJ guk.u. rJ.

0J suk.u.puHu seg. i. t-ft seg. 6. d.ff seg. d.1-MdE 6ar1. o. d.e-tt $ n1.6. d.e-FU *Ce.r11f.3 _

Yuk d,an

FUV 127 , TEsz, .MS?IF ("*, ):.Eu Eg4i[- f to help, give aid, re-ned.y (somebo*y'p _itl tieati;rr) ' , #Ee' rhelper, assistani, 'p;;-tector; (guu) aid., assj.stance:,@C&* 'assistancer r oHu and*i"1. l?s{.l.- f to aid.r .nvudu @ 'to he1pi.--MdE9r Hu it are verb formant". -- _Fg Tfrrd.s-. --cr. y"k deg, 6eatto help r, ga,rtj-g. tprotector, d.efend.ert.

Comm.: 1. P.b.m.f.b.s.:__thelpt, 2. phon.: ini,tial J g-, 0Js- (= tu.) vs Fu *L- /lst syI1 . J', 0J u "r Fu- *a-7^"d.iat J, oJ kvs tr'U xt4!,.

436. J suki,IabLe 426J suk. iOJ suk. t'J, 0J suk. uMd.E/M sok. aMdYI {6ok. a

457. J sukoshi,T.abl-e 417J suk. odriOJ su.k. d.siJ suk.lLn€F i0J suk. u.na-siEu sziikIt szik" sziik. ii.stt sz6g. d.ny" sz0g. i.ntt szig. {. n

ments--- p.b.III. f .b. s.( = ts) vs Hu Eg- /lst

ft It suk. i

OJ sukf ' (") plough | , J, 0J suku (y.) fto plought

Ravi.l-a 1959: Md.EI to dig, grrrb t .

soka I a plough | , sokams t to plough' , eoEgfans

Jvhdsz 1961: UAU sp&a 'wood.en plough' , t'dok? | a short-handledshovel | .

Comm.3 1. P.b.ttr.f.b.s,: tspade; prinitive ploughr.initial J s-, OJ g- (= ts).vs Md g-, b/ 1st sy11. J,g /ned.ial T, OJ k-vs'Md.-k.

0J sukdsi (noun and. ad.v. ) ,u 1ittle, a small- quantity, a dash,a few; in small nu:nbers; a moment; a littre way; a, short d.is-ta,ncer, J sukuna;i, 0J suEana-,si t(being) a fewirittr"; rare,scarce r . scanty t ( Onod.aka: sukd- si and. sukuna- si are probablyrelated.).TESZ.(ex.): Hu sz{ik,^.,OHu szik tdestitute, need.y, poor; of smallsize/space, narrow;. of small quantity; close, tight, confined-;i.nsuffi.cj-ent ; Lack/pauci.ty (ot neans) ' , sztit6s 'scanty, need.y;narrow | , Fziiks6g f need-, poverty, scarcity t . --0rigin unknown.TESZ (ex. ): Eu sz6gdny,^,0Hu szi.gin, sztgin, dial. €g.fu!3,,. t'szigin, szegdny, etc. f wretched., miserable, poor, need.yjslight t . --Origin r:nknowrr.

2.OJ

Phon. :gvsMd

Comm.: 1. Taking sz{lk and sz€gdny to be vari.ant d.evelop-: rsmall, insufficient; poorr. 2. Phon.: initial J g-, 0J E-syll. J, 0J u vs Hu !r Ir d /ned.ia1 J, 0J k vs Hu E, g.

_ _ _475. J^ sukua Ono: Sgkl (yr) tbe fond. of , like, have a preference (for)', J,Table 458 Ono: suki rli.king, fond.nessr, J suki-ni naru'get to l-ike (sone-rrclthingFT.ecomefond.(or),take"@(6-Go*Eo''"or"o*"it'i'.s)'.lluIt

ltil

szok-szuk-szak-szok. d,s

TESZ (ex. ):al1yi be infa,niliarized.known.

Hu szok ( it< ) ^, OHuthe-EdEf(of ),(witn)' , szokd,s

szuk-. szak-be accustomeiLrhabit, wont,

rdo (sonethine) habitu-(to), e"t used'(to)/customf.--Origin un-

Comm. : 1.like; be fond.

P.b.rr.f .b. s. : tget used./accustomed. (to) t, hence ttooft (r" a:ru1-e, habit brings about liking). 2. Phon.:Eu Eg- /lst syll. J, 0J u vs Hu !r gr a fmed.iat- J,rnitial

0JkvsJ g-'Hu k.

0J g- (= ts) vs

160

4r9 . J, 0J suku (y. ) 'be/become tininf tr,ansparent/enpty; have a gap (.o thatlight t air, rind ca"t go through' (notei this verb is written with a Chinese signwhich stands for t air, sky, emptinesst )'Tabte 4aq TESZ, MszFb ("*. ) r .T* fu,^,?e'?-. '?oy, sk{ vault; (onu) "1", heaven;J, oJ suk.u breaih, ; i=

-gbgg, ilyo"EJrirlr- si.nF-d, t{tld iwqn stean/evapo-il 69 ration' (arisi.nffi-the open air); smoke arising after a fire andtt eg. e- floating over the forest' /EL-g@ f weather, atmospheric cond-itionsr.zr

"yn. 6d. -- In Hu, a sound- change *J4- )" gE_ ? g

. ht? taken place . -- some

' sJrn.ad- scholars exclude the Fi woid., inC1uti"g instead- os sd,rl9r, rbrighttrf sirr.ed cIear, tra,nsparent (t. aj-r or water); (tt9*) lightr brightnesslFi sd .e world-f . Eoweverr sertrsJrtically the Fi word. agrees better with the? Os sde$.3 Eu a.nd. the Zr words than with the 0s one.--Zr -9 i" a denom. nourl

FU *sd,4. e formant. -- Fu *g4$g_ | airr .

Conm. 3 1 . p.6-.f .b. s. 3 rair; emptiness | , .hence tthj-nnessr.

transpareneyr. Z. phon.: initial- J g--, 0J g- (= ts) vs 3TJ xg-/tstsyIl. J, 0J u vs FU *A /med'ial J, 0J k vs FU tf'

44O. J suini, 0J sr,Ln{ f corner; rrookr'Table 449 Mu. Szi.: Vg sEn tcorner, nook, inner angle; tract of landt,{ - :T' i -@p., s6.nin ' attFa, angular, corttered ' '$i :;il'' ,, - .:ru;l' .lri,H":itfl: 3?=;3',,',,"t$1.';' (;:t::"+"i"i-i"ll-il:: :H:'l *=-:^ir i::klli,ui:,iil 3:-+r:iq:'"l"ifHt':f #3/?:;H;:: 4.

Cf. Prohle No. 62.

441 . J, 0J sun,F (y..).'.(Yi) settle (":g., of turbid' water), become clear,(t'8',,Table 441 T['e sky)/;;;6""- (".g. , t[" moon or the nind); be completed/over/J, 0J surn.u settled. | , J, sumasu

- (V. )

t cl_ear, clarify, settle, finisht getfr fr su-m.&.su through (wiirtffdnoi ihe .above word- f?niIy is refated' to 0J

psa,n *sum. e' "*

;u*l-?;. )" l;;'"""io"/ar"iiZ"ettte d.own ( sonLwhere ) , live (ttsome place) t. i a ,

SW 1 4i z;JrA ( t^irrii*A ^- *E4,- ) ' "!op blowing, be . calm ( of the

wind.), ; .f ., [V d-er. aor. ,ffig Si*i* i's 'T16 wind') ceases', Yn Eg, su)u' Sk

E34, der. @ id.Conn.3 1. P.b.!I.f .b.S.: tCome to an end.; Settlet' 2' Phon': initial J g-l 0J

g- (:"t-) -.'*'pi; iel /trt sy1l. J, OJ g vs PSam r+u /nedial J' .0J g vs PSa'n *g'

7. Cf. entry EgJql t live, dwe1l | '

442. J, oJTable 442J.0J surl.uoJ s'u.m. fJ, 0J suFi a. su-ll 4. gg-ll a. sem. a? Irp a. SsD-

Md e. zoltrYr q6. so-? Sk e. sy-u t+ a.65-

sumu (r.r) t d-well r r€side, livet ( sonewhqre; also sai'd' of bird-s ) '0J sumf td.wel-ling placei = J suniEa- (-t t 'place'), J' 0J su

'neETfd.ett; breed-ing place; a home | '

FIr\r 26 (ex. ) : Fi aso- 'reside, live-, dwell, i.nhabi! I : asetla- I toplace, put, set t ,E- tplace oneself | , asgm? rpositiont place,;;;;i;"1-/f, tp sk;F sela- 'erect a torest tlnt'-J/vn W'a;i;;;/;o.itiotti bench ffiened- to the wal-I in a I{d room'/ lYtn66so-r (l€reso--rstop and. put up onets tent'/tt Sk -Es,E-

tbecomel

;t";t' - (;il speakin s)J. --v *gdL.Comnl.S 1. P.b.In.f.b.S.: treSid.efbegj:n tO liVe SOmeWherer' 2'

phon.: wj.th reference to entry deru, 0J idu, etc., I propose that*4- of U *as6- is secondary; tfrus--initial J g- I 0J g- (= te) vs

U-*3 /ls+ syTf. J, 0J u vs U.*6 /nedial J? 9J,9 (in sunu, etc.whi.ch are taken to be "*p*r"ioils'

of su; vs g an Fi affi, Md ezem

(d.everbal nouns ) . 1- Cf. entry sumu t settle t '

445. J sune r leg'/ shankl Slint , oJ sune tbone marrow; Ieg' shank, shin f 'fllT T5, TESZ, MSZFE (ex. ii-g" in ,.., 1""- rFninr

_ tha4<, calf of the f eg; nerve;;;;";';";-f ". *. ,.

of the seineTr ffi ground- line ) ; - sinew, . lendon' muscle ; bine '

tend.ril, ,rrri"; ("i-pra'ts); bowstringJ brood-vesser, veint / Fi srLoni, f sinew'

tendon; vein I e Est soon 'vein; sinew, -muscle ; .vascular tissue inE-tod'yt/Lpsuodna,,.,, suond- ' sinew, tendon; arteryr;;i;; '

1,uo*; "t":'ttg r fitd san I sinew ; vejtn' /

" :ffirtnew; ( r) ""i";iv;t "8;" "i""r 'ir" ,a". ' slnew; vffi'/vs tson 'sinewivein; stri.ng,/Os j_cg; Lan, ton ii.ffi" !d, tean, !@, tea4, @-'.!vfu 'sinew;

151

Po*"t ::1*'^ vs rE.'', v- +-.-- Y:1"',/P -!?*;tatta- ?E-1new '/Yn -ti' ^,J ' 0J slrn' e vg tdn yn li"- *gzi* ,/r(m te+. -- uHu in os j an sk ten Gne - or *sene .rr itL'''- tf 1a;r rt den MM go aiff k€nydr ine 'the heavy,3i slcn' i rr ton tr can soap-li!: l"v"=litr a bad.1y baked loafEst sDon yr t6t Kn ten or t="b.ai (iErydr,' rbreadf ; -9 pxJrdsg).lp sr.ur. O_ rr tea' comm. : IEE-. m. f . b . s. : Tinterior/lld san ' t6n u *s6n. e essential matter, aa:;:,

-r"==o*, nerrre,ch siin w tesl or *sgn. e vein, tend.on, "ir,"i);';;";;-iJi=i*s,tr 6tin tr tan'a- v

(r="q""nt]y mad.e of the long sj.newsZr/Vty s6n Yn ti) forrnd in *ha lninA -r ^-^ ^F 1 ---- -.-_ _ -azr'LI u vJ D.,rr rrr r]-- found- in the hind. legs of lirge quad.nr-

ped.s l €. g. e glk, stag, .wolf ) r -hence

'1"9, shank, shin'. ,. phon.: initial_ p_, gJ g-^(:-;"i-;; i *e_/ 1st syll. J, oJg vs u xd or xg /nedial J, 0J n vs u xg.6inal il o.l -e vs II *_e.444' J suneru' ono s ryB (t4.". ) rbe of twisted/perverse nature; be dissatis-tabte 444- fied (drs,i ) /against one 's f errow. beings ; resentfrl , , s11ne-siJ slln. e. ru tperrlerse, cibo[ea, stubbo=",

-ou"tirrate r .

*e-srr vr rr'r - I

-----0. sun. u ---- ,,r sun.e-si T..t:-lrl:t'): E: tl,t-fl. 'shiftv, sly,. cunning, deceitful, wi.Iy,,Hu surv. i sunv( +E) tlook shif tily; sneak to (soneuoay) , appro""h' ( rorlo"" )fr *tri- slyly; behave in a shifty/treacherous na,nier t , 4ial. sunnyog- rt'

",oy. o. rog- F*lllof- , szunnog- tlie Iow, skulk; shirk,

"vad." ""upoffii5ity' ,fr szlrrr.o.a- !dgr' J- FunToTqE- 1d:'.ftlDxva' ?uTa f which d.roops/bow-s downi sl]r,'o false-hearted.t .--origiffie"Ej.rr.

@,,, ffT: i b_'il;T'3;i;:';,'ll}'j"*; ffT'1o &E' nn (where g is the result of genination) . 5: Note tflein sunenr and. sunyorog- '

,. 2. Phon.: initial/ned.ial J, ClJ q vsformant r (? frEqu. )

445.,0J suri fvessel, container, receptacle r .TabLe 44sbGiYnsutF.o.kaFI]T_75'[zEsts.u1u'trough,1/vtydv1ys|sma1]? Est suI . u ? Sk ;;i: ;:;- oval tub mad e 9! ,wood ' .

(_tt wlrich, ffi*"tance ,vty 6u1. y. s rr ;;t: ;:il T""J is__sif t ea) / /w silatka 'trough-tike receB-tlr sil:'" attka u *d;i: ;'"' :1"+" 'f;rWVn reIslr, rrofak ' .poo"i7iconrTl . p.b.m.f .b. s. : rreceptacle r, phon. :initial 0J g- (= ts) vs II *g- /lst sytt. oJ u vs u--g i#;;i 0J r vs rr *i.

445. J, 0JTabl-e 445

-

J, 0J sur.uJ sur. e. rufl sur. g-

0J sur. i.sd.r. o.l-sur. u. l-

zsur.u.l--daIL e-Ual.0-se-1. a-

*del. e-

"oTg (V:) '=gb, qqogT, scratchr- scrape, file', 0J eqri- : suri-ita'printingboard.'(ita|board-.|:the.engra,ver]*,^i+#'.,-.fuprin_t1ng board ' (ii"_'board.i ;- lhJ;;s,;;;;o'*iit#ssr; :ffi:I_i?::ig_ll: o::I ?i the, paper.raid over the inrcEa u"""a)l-r

J,Huft

il

Lpft

Yru

Furi rprj.nting, print t , ashi-zuri r stanpirgr , ashi-zuri-surrrt scrape one's f ee.t; sta,ml-frrr-' floor)i_r"t'"ffi("1.i. ),'(v+) ya/chafe (ioi"irr"")r-r"""; be worn', J sure-surerclose (tg), barely, justr. '

-

TEsz (ex. ) : Hu sirrol-^,d-ial-. zFu:rrl-, zsunl-, surrrl- r scour,clean, sc:rrb ; rruluirsrt agaj.nst i graze, touch, almo st reach :wear, polish; file, pare, shave r , dj_al. sd.ros ("aj . ) rwho -ao""the scnrbbing' (".g. r of the uoai), "unrTTF

)i; nrb' .--originuncertain, perhaps onom.Fuu ??: I-,p ge!a- -"a$-get the skin off | (said.

FIII 126: Lp d"]-lgl I scratch; cut ; *=it" '.Fi seil-e I splint, lath t , seli- 'to split,rip, split ' /no Eg-el- , cafrJ

rrub the ant.l.ers against sonething too! reindeer)//Yr seet-a- id..-- U xEele-./This .word- is tentatively equated. wE'slit ' /Ve Eil- 'sl-it r cut-r /0" Sif - ' slit,

comn.3 1. P.b.m.f .b.s.: r:nrb; scrape; chafer ("" r see it, tp 6?l1e_ is amere variant of 6a110,-- both having the basic meani.ng proposea frlrEFT. phon.:initial J s-, g{ e](=-tr.) rg $} er, e-,;-*+i;;'";ri:-i, o.r u vs Ho {, E, uxg /ned.ia1-J, oJ i vs Hil;, u *! - ve 5 YF *.. :

447 . .l e#:i.r .6'to: su:nrd.o-gi tpointed., sharp- (of need]" r knj.f e, swgrd ) ;,-vio].ent,cuTfIngffiois''"',t@'}ointeaness,-."r'i"p"";;-(;i;-;;j";;);sever.ity, harshness; keenness i 1"r"o or trr" nind.). (rui etynology is offereJ.. )

'

162

\ahLe 44T FUV 110 , TESZ ' MSZFE ( "*: ) : Hu Egg-J sur.u. do- i Fi sur. .vo- ( t) t.prick, thnrst, s!+tgr. stabr, szurd.al--

O. sllr. ": ;; (

"i ) ;- sur. .va i"" iprict, pirncture (repeated.iy) ,:@

IIu sz61r- Est sur. . valna $!f- id-. -Cln.

gAgSE' S"T1m . ' crush,u s.,ltT- rt sur. .vrlrl& sta,np, pound; thrustr prick'/Ti surEo--

Ch ser. e. m rr gur.u t cirrsh, sta^mp, pound- | , survaise-n 3or.€.rr FU *sur. .Ba tthrrrstt, Est sunr?^+ar ryp, '?;::::i;"i"ililll;:.ffii3#"-I thrrrst, stab, Prickt .

Conm. : 1. p.U.m.f .b. s. : f pointed., sharp; stab, prick, thnrst r. 2. Phon. : ini-tial J g- vs lU *g-/ 1st syIl. J g yl FU fu_/ioedial J.g tl TY

*+. J- -The elementd.o on the J sid.e is a suffix, probably conp-lenenting the following ad-j. suffix-?T tfr" part *-Ba of FU *-@, should be, according to the pattern observed- so

f ar, aaaitional to a fomerly disyllabic stem.

448. Jr 0J susumu (y.) radvance, pTo999_+' move orrrr J su9unenl.l 0{ Fusllmuraati' 448 _ (sh.n.) :(V!) advan"?,.poromote'.lt+gllatg, hasten'J , 0,I sus. u. mu 0s so6- frurry onf ' 9J srlsu-si:Etgpu I rivaL/t1" Tiil _

an-;';;;:;:;;""||su6-otherinmoving@:thestemo^fthe rr ,- lL

? MdE SaB . . to- , Sod- verb is w; si < su ' d-o i strength"lt kfpopu (y. )- ;;--- t;8. : ;; " dub 'competeFsililroiltrte f irst place ' ) .? ryIdivt $aH . . ta- sk 17?. ?- r'uv 77 z /t uan $a$tq- , 6asto- , MdM Egdjg- ' stir,Yg tlL :: l?x':_ ;;;", *"i.i,, *offi-'/ivE@-'.@, s-j?'c'&- tto r"d",/O, ""d-, "d-,

Sd-r dd- rto walk, gotll sos-l, sus- u *6ad.3- (/s*d;i-'taada-'t'aaaa-

ftotravelr8or'--f,\Lau^ffi z. phon.: initial J g-, oJ gt (= t") vs

xt-- /lst sy11 . J, 0J u vs U *a /nedial- J' 0J s ("u above) vs U x!.

449. J g, 0J supu (y. ) 'suck (i") , siP, i-nhale, breathe in; imbiber 'Table 44oJ su .ll0J sup. uHu sztv-tr szip-rr SZOP_rr sZ[p_tt sziv. d,r-" szov .6t'Vty dop. di-Ch Sup. $a-Vg sip. y-0s t$"p. te

TESZ (ex. ) : Eo -"uit-, szip- 'inhale, imbibe, suck (it]) ' Z szivat-|cause to inhale ckraE.t, sziv'J'r,rA'nyrudial-' @-szud,rlrdny iraj.nbowt (accord.ing to popular belief , the sun sucksop-fi"-"a^i" and turns it into a rai-nbow), szop,(ik)^,OHu szup-tsuck, sipt.--This word. is of onom. origin and may be compared-

t;;-;i vl| F"pginit ,suck, inhal"'/c\ 3rrp$a^n 'pull; suckf tort 3)i;'Esr-,"sffisuck' /0"-is*i+' g@3g, "pel",.' ?g"5, im-OtO" r . --Thffi equati-ons aFe nutually exclusive, but both havephonological d-ifficulties .- corr.: 1. P.b.IIl.f.b.s.: tsuckl i-mbiber. 2. Initial(= ts) vs Hu _EZ- (etc.) /lst syll . J, OJ g vs Hrr i, in ("t;. ) /neaGt J g-, 0J g vs Hu g? P, 9-; 1._ cf: Prdhl-e

T. 'n*

a 'pobable varTa;rt development on the J side' cf' 0J

(Ono r rdpdto) (y. ek. *. ) , later gobotu 'get drenched.' ' ?

. I 'toffii" i- (pur'r i to fall 'ftT-raitt, snow, etc. ) ;

[V d-er. tasltin id. '_ !3ggg,t

{ditdt 'lffiora'/r@*.Egql- \ r -!e lJljd-; ^L = lir a

tasltin id. r@g4, d,esege ?

ii is cold'/Yr tie5i /sk der.

J s-r 0J s-(. s) , erNo. 60.sdpotucognate

cf. alsowith sEpd-puttIlu diaf . szivos

(y. ) t to dri zzLe t (punr I to fall | , of rainr snowt("aj . ) tmoist, conE-fning much mo j-sture I clammJr I

Table 460450. J suzushi-i- I 0J-@^f cool-, refre?hi"ql I _{.-rcool oneself ; enjoy tle (even-ing/

suzumu tcool I .

Ono: suzlrmu (y. )

s1rz. u.shi-- j- SW 159 z *t"tb-l- ( f *lsoy tne (evenl-ng/ ceur- .*t"fde-; *t' = gt E, Er O 'it .i-s cold.' ; cf .

JOJ suz . u- sl- 'npst ;-cold ' /Yn tetri,J, O. su?.u.mu {ditgt 'i! is coldlPSan xtefs.3-rf ? *teed A-

s-. OJ s- (= ts) vsFsu, *t'E, i xE- (as

451 . J @,Joki 1944: Knof the soi.l I .

: initial0Jzvs

-eond.iti.on

teSSa' 'chi1l' chilli-Sigd t cold, cold.ness t

chill, the cool- | .Conm. : 1 . P.b.ttl.f .b. s. : tco]-d'; cool r ' 2' Phon'

tS"*-G /lst syll . J, 0J u vs PSa,o *e /nedial- J ';;;;" )7 t'. cf . brijhre No . 6l -

-d-a, 0J ta '(irrigated) land-''dg;dE, gr (l't . f* ) ' la,nd. ; earth, ground ; clay I loam I

Ravila 1959, Jtsltdsz 1961: Utd./M mod.a reartho soil, ground'r

161

Table 4q1 Comrn. 3 1. P.b.m.f .b. s. : tearth, soj.l; 1and.t.--Since the quoted.J, 0J ta sources give no ind.ication that Md. nod.a is a loanword. and. becauseIir db it has no known V/W cognates, the Effiestion is ma6e that it is af' du, compound. : th: part no- couId. equal Ch-gU- , Zt I Vty nq ' earth, land ;" d\& field ' (Fu-V 52) , while -d.a could be linked. with lri ffi (eonpound.s intt t\rr which both paris mean a1il6st the same thing are numerous in Eu and.? Md. -d.a some Siberia^n languages). If the suggestion cannot be allowed., only

-f,hs

Sa^m forns shall be compared- to J, 0J @. 2. Phon.: initial J, b.f!; vs_I{m.d-, !-, ? Md d.- /lst syIl. J, 0J a vs Kr g, ErE, ? Md a. ,. Referenceis mad-e to entry tsuchi tearthl soilt; Comm. 3 theie conTains the suggestion thatSkEu|c1ay,eartiliseitheraformshortened.byawho1esy11ab1eorSku""6r,""come about through d.erivation or the red.uplication of an open monosyllabiffi-rd.such as 6u (with allowance mad.e for later change). flkrere i; a chance that the twoword. fanilies in question are related..

!22.^{ l"P"t* 'eatr, Ono: tabu (sh.n.) 'receiveft*.e food. or.d.rink; eat,drink'r,o! E€fy.)' ta,n?pu.(tlf'live, grant, send present(s) (to ror"ott"7,tamapu (sh.n. ) rbe given (to), receive support t .Table 4qe, IW 13o, TESZ, MSZFE ("T.) : Fi EIgi- -,_

| ea.t l/qa,n egv"-, SEIS-,.J ta.b. €. m MdM serc-j Ejve-, Egt"- / f? .vIv, E/2" JIL-J /vs@i-,E-iO"oJ, O. ta.b.u j€-,E fle= li-;E-; 3u:7nu ev- id..-- Fu *_sewe- orfl ft ta.m.a.pu *EE- or *g1g-.Fi sy. .6- Conm. ? 1. P.b.rl.f .b. s. : f eat t.--Due to the artificialMd.E s€. v. e- nature of court language , gsp . as regard.s t givj.ng | , tkeepingtr sa.v.$- (someone) in bread.tl 'receiriing the means of tivetitrood.', it isMd.U se.v.d- d.ifficult to peel out the basic meanj.ng of the word.s ad.d.uced.ff ..o.... on the J sid.e. ft i-s probable that teberu teatf apd. tabu fre-? Vty 6i- ceive , . . . , eatt are related. to tabiliEilapu f gi-vet ,-58 we? Zr 6o.i- d.o not know it for certain. As a pdctical step, I assumeVg t?.i- that both pairs had., at one stage, the basic meaning teat;It ti- have food. and. d.rj-nkt. 2. Concerni.ng the phonological sid.e of0s i.g- the matter, I propose to hand.le first the characteristic con-It i- sonant Ug of the primary stem t"b-/ta - (or,. the J sid.e). fn-tt Ii.g- d.eed.r labu,couLd. have come about--as O'no writes--from tamaputt li- by contraction and- subsequent voicing of p. 0n the othEffind.,tf t€. w- an an.cient (unattested.) *tap.:g couLd. eqoalty have become labufr te- through the nasal-ised. pronunciation of xa,; exa,nples for th!-Hu 6.v voi.cing of medial gr a,nd. for the occurreilc" of spirantised. re-'r 6- fLexes of g (such as Q, gr p!,, €., E, g. ) are numerous. GivenFII *se.w.e- these cond.itions, I suggest. that pre-OJ had. two (variant)

or *se.B.e- stems for the concept teat/drink; recej.ve, be gi.ven foodi,-

or ttse.T.e- na,mely: *!e&- ana-}*h- /g-. .tt that i-s all-owed., then .---ini-tial Jr 0J t- vs FU *g- /1st sy1l. J, 0J a vs FU *g /medj,aj.Jr 0J b' ? m vs FU *g or *& o= *a (where I note th;t x1 is vefr 1ike1y-secondary).1. An analysis of the tabulated. material reveals that the positing of a CV shaped.root on the U sid.e is inevitable, in partj.cul-ar on the ground. that Hu d-sz-, d-v-contrast with eh"t- '(tt", she) mary/can eat' . 4. cf . FIIII 158: Fi -E&- * //u{-seg-r hee- teat greed.ilyr gorge, glut, gnawt, 01da pe- tto bitet.--RH,sd,nen 19jj,41 nakes approx. the s€Lme equation. 5. Mill-er 1971 ,35-e: J tab- vs Ie *!iip, li;eatr. 5.3enzing 1956, 14:..Tg *LA!. (r) 'tg feedr = Ma 4"-. l. ct. poppeTges,1552 Tu €- f to eatt = Mo je-ne.rcarrj-ont ("tt animal killed and partly d.evoured.

!r " Iolf ),: tq.Je- llo eat' . B. Cf . Ra,nstedt 1957 (r), 65:. Tu Kirg E-, Koibal1|g- r Chuv 6i- | to eat | .

451. J tabi, Ono: tabi tJapanese sockst.Tabte 4qa- Lehtisilo 1955z Yr tdbar tloose outer boot/shoe made of reind.eerJ , 0. tab. i hi-d.e t , t68ak I socks mad-e of reind.eer hid-e t .Yr t6b.a.r Comn.: 1. P.b.[r.f.b.s.3 tleather socks; gaitersr. 2. Phon.:tt to8.a.k initial J, ClJ t- vs y" !-/ 1st sy11. J, ClJ a vs Yr 6 (note:

vowel lengthe4ing, as here, d.oes not necessarily mean hid.d.en con-traction and absorption, but cou1d. have arj.sen through stress or fashj.on) /ned.ialJ' ClJ b vs Yr !: B /tinaL J, ClJ -i vs Yr lt 5 in the sane posi-tion. 5. Yr -rarrd. -! appear to be formants. 4. Cf. Prohle No. 54.

164

454. J jgl4E!=L, OJ tailg;gi rrighteous ' uprigh! I truthful ' honest'.just'

rr#"ff :,n*::rt"*#;"3:"3rffi ,T;J",li"l"liiil;,fl i"i:,il;,",,OJ tad.a-si tasikd-si !-eirEc[ conpleter;-bno: the.par!.i#i- is'also cor-

ii O. i"a. ". "" ffiiE taej':t?si . 'scirce' l"ue9"-;

painful | (-nas'i .'extrene 'i' - t""r":..ta exc€dingr sreatr), lasi-ngcu 6rr'n) lto:ment' harxa'ss ' harsow

"oJ tas. i.ka t""i-"-"f,ti iy' ) '6itEiffi6 itnantic tinlr between these wor'Ie1 tas.i,kFsi ano ta:si-ta* i! this: rthere is nb roon to sparer = rto be

.1, o.r ""i.".t. iiehT-"t..ighlen9d'' = 'l: :T-ln" level of sufferinsr '\''

r cer-tl || ta:aw, autrrEnticity, reliabitityt correctnessi'- -Ii tos.i ,f, o,r

'eAJ;-- iicJitZl", pogitive' correct' reliabler' 0J sadla-

, tot.e- "i '"offiir. steaafastl .correot' seriousr' J Eg@, 0J

" tod.e- ""d;-i;h;;:) 'decide' det"ttit'" "

Ono: sa+a-iEd ' 'ri::n(rv)'r,p ;l;; r""t".itrv)l !"a" ' in, iact/rea.lity ' (ono asks whether thj.g ie

tnu "a"J"ii"rG of the gten g$g- seen in E@ a''d @-

nu? Ee d.oes not tink sada- with @- *d !4-)'SKES (ex. ): Fi jos:!-to'!e- rtruth, veri,ty,. seriousnesgr ' E!!g 'true; the truth"tode-lta ,in

"eaJ_ity, ""o=r',

-i" i"it5 r /r,p -

luod?r e.C..' s4 = Ti +gggua'

-"ffi .,

-i. -ilil*l i. u. ::i " ;;;, -;;"lr""tr-Eitr'ough 60o does nqt link up the

sten g$g- with tada- qa tge-f-, ihe sernantic concatenation is plaini as rega?ils

the opposition or !- ana*gfcf ] i+"":ry. 'seedr r.i*-,ry rmarshr' toee-(diar.) Eg& r.thorar',

-,-r,l i"-"" 'tefr-z'-Puon': iniiifr !--e;1 9J !-' fi= !g)

vs ri,' r,p 3- /r st o'r. ii..irt;:"tiri;,':re."ftll?'_i&*+ oti'

ru"":?ii*" (* i), !., 4, tp A. 5.j-eds id.

455. J ran4w,- oJ.I343{9l:g^'Eied:9gg (v') 'to float' swim' drift' be toesed'

3%l**."o " il:;'i"".), ss 41gi'yd*'1:,I!!tj' qlgi rrartr rroat' (usua11v

OJ tad.a.yopu fashi6neil of rogs tied togetneri'""*n" areas) a house/hut tuilt;' il;.;.i'";" MISZ:-Eu dial' tulalvoq:hdz '-(

Eu tut . a. i on pot!! (0"i""ffi=;-""'1ta1 -ta i'*td1es of reed' ' 1-q isn tut'6' j "" 'uk:?"TT;:r='r:i:::: itrirt, rloatr' 2' Phgn':.initialrr tut. o. j Cc

.t, ot'fr'""'u" !:ii"l "vir' J^g' oJ g: g vs,Eu^g /roed'ial J a'

: t-" Lt## i ( j;l"i ""

i -g;,:*T"il ilii: i : Si'-,6J:ifi"!;,{i 1ft ""p:'xi;erenent (frequ. fo::rnant ill-!'-utuu" wof!. seem to 5E-onom' I at least on the J

;;;;;-; :ieaup^rication or-!r' l'ssu'lcea root *g- nav be suopected''

456. oJ @!9. t snartweed' lcrqtweedr'-e'8' ' '

q'id'u- tadle rknotweed groving on the

rabre 456 *u.n""'!-E[!"T'iciii^i["iriiit'.@F-brttlL''artenisia' to

oJ tad.e "r,'.,.

o,, !"toE "ut""oo" species-of plani" t:1?1{:^o*-!!3!2IL 'the

,, i.tad.o.ri siant ;;;;;";d'-i"i th; tad? class' according to Ono)'.? oJ

,, ? -tad..u -t"oo l'@1gegi lrea-tFiea elder' (gg 'nountainr)'

T" ffJ.i Tf,il-liT:l:.gl*u'**Tffi'trffi+",i"ffiL]"ffi:it:.lT'':: ffit:." pJ""u-"o""""a iith weeds"--orisin unknown ',r csA.d.d llTsz: Eu dlial ' cggqlq rbrushwoodl forest-weedlsr l 4'' csdtd'n cs6.t.d *.-"'"":iil'"iiff"atii-H#; ;;ii-;";;;-("i ilTi"alr;rr csat'd csaaez;,nllaff 3tilf,.ffi: : '!$eed; scr:ub"--rhat the.originalrr csut . a. j Cot ....,.. t..rr:.ttfo" iit"-i-"ia" was not rknotweedr

' but sonething rnore

s"o"'"i,"'iu";;";;;;.;;;!3-y-i-i*["$Pr""Tfl ,i.ffi #r"(tt-taalu is cognate w:.ttr wittr tade' which ie assu'ne(

eEowe j.,' wet places. t.'i'ti"fft"il;'t l: ;i +"lori ai prothetic --- initial 0r

t- vs Eu 9-, E- 1rron., it-iu 'p=Iu"l-i"-tit"t-86-- antl €- co'"ne- froro-!- ; Jor a '

5ase of a!'parent split of original S;',::,:llarff" "I"J"ffiiifltory"tJ3list svrr.-b.r a va Eu u;a;rt,-*uriuij.gi{'ifil"ir-!r"o-t -"i oi i;gg1si-is paralleted

4g, g is quite like1y a

by -r of .g.ry. t"" Ji"i""t'-i oit ti" so side is 'loubtless

secondarJr'

165

_ - -457..{ .!.a.aau, 0J ta*e?pu (y.) 'aiffer/ue different (fron); va:r5r; disa6ree,Table 457 viotate, infringe; d.epart (fron, e.B. r.a'!"""hirgi;-q. against,J tag.a. u deviate _fron, break oiets worOTpronise|, J tagaeru. Cmo::, lig.i._-:* lffipF {:n.rl 'brear. onere p"oioi"u;.,rioi.i"ffii ,iu.is verbvd !ag.a.pu r_s th€ tra;rrs, vereion of ta.eapu (y.) which cones froi taJ u.tas,a. u 'har:.d,.* +.olr. 'to change,-ift-st,iii,t6')j-j-gle€[,-6il',t**9. u.tag.a,pu (y.).'to iioub-bt, distruiti Ue euspfcious. (of) ; air"=uaitffiEu tag.a.d- consists gf g!9 'songr, al€o contained. iri uiata ; irr"=e"uirrgry, ,;=:_r----i---=--- + +aPu<kapu rto cha&ge, substitute').'r-EjDZ ( ex. r ! tiu rasad- ,/-d is a f o::nant, here IikeIy fi9eu..Z1Og9 ta4od_, .toAod_rdeny, d.iiown, Erc:-aii; renounce i not forr.ow sur!; ac! agaJ-ns.t/ contrary toi sayno to, contradict, d isavow t . --O?igin unknown.

Coqn.: 1. p.b.n.f.b.s.: 'disagree_ (with) ; ttlffer (fron, sa41, accepted. truth);break oners r*d'. --r c"''not.aocept 0rio's 6ieculatrori (at6ve),'t".."i"i

"] 't"change/substltute handsi nlght nea; 'to r"*e-a-roi"ta.ke r ,' or.,[6 rr."'a o"""Ii""d",,but 1n the present context those neani.ngs are ruled out, ul """""t -ra""tity- (""ife*ed.-to.by 6no) caa be entirely nisleiding, c) senanticatiy, oi.*"oo-i."" p="_cious little to d.o vith.F!3, utala,. and kapi. _2.

.r,rJ:ng ulaaapu €,s a variant d.e_velopnent - of tasanur with p-_a lrothbtic--und., __._ initiEf-JlO.l !_ vs Eu !_ /1stsyll._Jr 0J g vs Eu g, g fieatat J, O.I S ys yw E1/ finat ot ii" -p"rr.*y

Jten, .r, oJa vs Eu % g. 3. 0J -9, J -desu are liFely fre-qu. fo::rnants.458. J -tai : hitai,,0J--!gE! : l*-!4 ,forehead; brorr,. Ono: pitapi appears3ab1e -4q8-- ii-EE titera=fure aTtEFFhe Eer;:i'":-in"'"ivi"i5#efi attenpted)

oJ -t;p.i L:ilJe t{o. 55: J hitai (cf. hi. 4. jt'9ag') : yr !a.i, !Z,L /ryi; ;;5'- f!31e 'trt" skin of=[E ioreh-ad, r,rhich is coveredTy Fair'7 yn

', tai ta.lo ' ^j!![!iiq

rscalpr ,

Ev tra;.a .- 9orr.: 1. p.b.n.f,b.s.: 'skin of the (foxe)headr. 2. pro_i" ta;:; vided that 0J gi- (: pitapi) is an abtaut variant of po ,head,- --something which I have not been able to ascertain__Frdhle ,s

._ proposition is worth exa,nJ.ning, with the further proviso thatthe second g of- pitapi - substitutes for Ei- for -l-,..,-g-

. alternation in 0J, cf. napu.lggl_'flourish, g?olrr, :+gnf-Sgvaru-rhind.er7, $ '"or" to an end, .'* rFT

old'. J. Prf,on.: initiar J' OtE vs san g- /tst syir J, oJgvs san g, -e-lned.ial

{ d,' o.r I (assu:ned substiiute Tor g) "" -sr.'i(s"]" -i- is tr-aditional-ly d-erivedfron U *-,i-, s. CoLlinder 196j. B7\'.

*,X" : o,i"Yi T9:effi ioi*Ll?l', "l.illl' ;, j"ffi+;,3{,# [:l#L'".'

{_ l*."- i '(vi) s}retl,^inc$4G- t?ks rhetsht, "i"t""J; il"itn-ffiTti,"t0J tak,a-si there ie) ', oJ ta*3 rd.,T-@, 6.r ia*d 'p.#, ,oi"ili",.J tak. e. ru

" tak.; - TIli: MSZFE (er.): Eu +g&q^ - - oEu,!.@. I 'swell,(up), rieg (e.s.,OJ tatr.u :ouS,l, :??1, increaae (of enotion), bulge out (or iuscfe)',tr tak. d g@J'_'ttde | ,_ d.?gas4t- rlcxead., cause to slr-elL r , --Origin uncex-Eu da.s. a- L?1":, Yt: zr $E9itFiL, .

tj,"di-P r(vi) elvell' (e.g., of the bod.y/,, 1"i."- the. abdoren, _ through sickness). Ttre Zr word ca^n only be cognatbzr *aua- IiJfi-j:'ffi1'#-5:'?i,n**!::":T: l3"Ll*;"iit@" ;i*"

r*-l:"1o""**r3E::"fl'x}'"",@;;"tJr j:* j;:r*t":,;+;i"f ':ii*ru!has . taken place in Zr, too, --Ehe final { of d.aaail_- is a frequ.-vert -f omEnt; _q_ln t},'e zr uord s is equally a fomant. ---Ttre word"-ds in questiori are onon. , lhus trreynay have arisen separately.ConI0.3 1. P.b.n.f.b.s.: rhighi riser. 2. phon.: initial J, OJ !_ Eu 9_1 t_, Zr!;,)-/-1at--av11.-r' 9{_e Ig E" el zr u /med.lar i, oi g ""-i'u

*i.-i.=cf}'opp.1960, 58: Mo deade- ,f1y hight ii.se' Ftu- is tikely i tozma+J. '

450. J takaru, OJ tatr?+ (sh.n., y.) '(yi) gather, slrar:', flock, colIect.crowd (togeTEeT|, .1, Of@[ ' i"6a'sui.e, '.'"ioiir"", ',o."rti, i , o.l i,lci""- ii ] Irunite, join together, connect'.TESZ (ex.): Eu gsokor,..., dtal. csukor rflock, crowd., group, bevy; (OEu:) sod., c1odr,dial..cgulorat rgroup, croud | (of f i.v:.ng beings), csukor{i- 'rounri up (into onegxoup)' r-, zr {6u.ker ' &@, therd., f1ock, u*urrn (6?-.:li."rs); grou!, crowtt (of

tt tak. 4. bo0. a. tak.. u0J a. tak. t'tf u. tak. fHu d.iih? os tYk. a.6-

156

people ) t , d6ukertr\L, t'Sukartn! 'unite r. gather (into one f lock) , acqui re, obtain' .

--The "]enentEtt-Eo "soko" a"rd. zr N{vker- j.s -either a denom. or a d-everba} nom.

formant. -- FU xCukke or *cqJchl:s-3..

Table 460 - ,, TESZ (ex'-): Eu takar- 'to harvest' gather'

J , OJ tak. a. Tu zr t:q*k. g. r t*" in ( ln." cr6TE)T wrap up ' enf old- ' cover ;

oJ tak. a.Ta n t'dot. J. " pile up; take care of ; buryr ' --Origin un-

fr tltg. &. fll t: {gui<. g. T- known'

Eu csuk.o.r FU * 6*k a comm': 1' P'b'm'f 'b's': rgather' uni'te;n csok.o.r or * drfcfc3.rg accr:mulatet '--J' 0J takara appears to be a'r ;#: ffi;;: t;:";1":'il:;il;3 lliT.#.;ffi;;-0"initial J, 0J t- vs ro *4-, ? Eu t- /lrt syli. J, OJ g, O.l n vs FU *g' ? \, Z /nediat J, OJ L; 0J g n" fu *EE, ?-Hu E ,. We l:" a formant 3 on the J side par-alleled. by gr-in thE sa,ne pos-ition, on the U sid-e . 4. Cf . qi{ i45:.lsq.xg5k- 'tohid.e, secrete a*ayt i cf . St tan<ue der. *tsLk$l- id-.; cf . Sk tiqqll- tto-flatherf

'

461 . J takeru tbe/become furious i- Tager {av9, r'usht. takeshi-i rvaliant, bold'tl"rt3" ' '461- - -6=u.i"l-ri"""", i"lii"6"i , 0i tat<enr Fffif" braveLy/J, 0J tak. €. fu valiantfy' , takdbg (4.n.= ) rto re,ger ,ltoyli ' . l?n*!i 'heroi c,J tak.e.skri- i manly, brave]aa-1lngt; Qno: ataku ("h.i. )_rto ,rage, make a

0J tak."n-"i c1a,m6rt, 0J atakf ^,utat<f tthe savage snarling/roaring of

wifd. beastsr .

TESZ (ex. ): Hu d.tih rrage, wrath, ire, temper; rabies; frenzy..raving madnes" rE"i-ted.ness I ard.ent d-esire' , 9tihOq

rfurious,frenzied., etc. t, dtihong- tto rage, be furiousf .--Qriginunknown.? Ganschow 1955, 106: 0s Serkal- Ifk"6- , 0s- Kazym' 4ikir,6 tbe-

come furious /ut1"y/i11-tempered' < Zr Lega€' i'd'COmm.: 1. p.l.lII.f.b.S.i tu,ttg"", furyi aJlgry, furiollsf , 2'

If the os word.s in question are loans from zr and the ini-tials were not /!/ originally, then these word.s a;re nrled- out. 0n the J sj-d-e, theforms beginnitrg';-it6 a vowel- are taken as having acquired- their respeg!1ve prq-thetic vowels; these vowels ar.e d.isregarded. in_the c.omparison.---Initial J, 0J t-vs Hu d.-, ? O; i /lrt syL1 . J, 0J a vs Eu !, ? 9t i /nedial J' 0J k vs IIlf h' ?

o" [ ("oi"t uu --tr-'is usualry d.erived. from.pFu *ks; this l: lot the case-here: so

h of d.iih nust have some other explanation ("f . nu aiat. 4{- f to hurryr under

;"i;&t. t. cf . Miller 1971, eg where. sh. ozawa is mentioned- as having com-

p"""h [ with Mo d-oTsin- rbe brave/fierce t '

462. J, 0J taku (y. ) '(vt) to kindler. sake fire, burnr.nautZ"'' +Zb sZTnnyei Dfi, 2ar Lps

-i""(rtlar."- 'to g1ow, burn (with high fla,ne) t "

J tak.u0J tak.u Conn. : 1 . The meanings agree/ : ?' Phon' : initial- Jt 0{ t- vs Lp

Lp tsakka- p;rilt :I'l' *i;"ol**"I}-l:".*(':ffi1 !$f i""ir't"5;-lirli],_,tp -kk- is trad.itionally d-erivId. from pf'U *-$[-..(".^l*{ 1/958, 67)'

5-. CFgu csi.hol- r..dia1 . 9g,@!- r gg'.lhol- | to strike f ire t ( onom. 'according ii=EEsz).

-4. cfR-st"dffi7 (r) ' 61, t{o 34i- tstrike;i;;; ,

-Alr.izu" 'f ire stone ' . .i . cf . Patkanov 1902: OsEish dde",i.,

Sieet' 'Tffi?il a^mad-ou', osN fui[ id-.

4G1,. J tanerau, clJ .ta,nerdr rhesi.tate, wavelr ha.ng back, fructuatel vacirlatetTabLe 46],

wt "ifuiffirri"*=J.J i;"ky*sha). Oio: ta,merau is related toJ tam.e.ra u 0J ta,nu (sn.n. ) tio straighten, .reform, correctl pretend-f t

clJ tan.e.rofu which itself goes with 0J ta^nu (k.n. ) tgo round- j-n circles;? OJ tam.u bend-r curve; be Pliantr'Hu tdn.o.\og- TEst'(;;:)i'tto t?motyoe-^,dial-..tdnol-oF-, t4.noloe--tstagger,|'td,m.o.rog:-waVer,=""r,vaffi,hesj.tate,wobb1e,fee1giddyarrd.rr t6fr,.o.1o!- stagger, feet d-jzzy and- torpid.r.--These are d-erj-ved formst

but their base i.s unknowl. It may have to d-o with td^nogal-'tdmaszt- tto supportr prop 9pr prevent from fallingr'-- .h.t

L, !; and. g are frequ. f oruants 'comm. 3 1. P.b.m.f .b. s. 3 f waver, vacillate, falterr. 2. Phon' : initial Jt 0J !-

167

vs nu t-rl1st syl1 . J, 0J a vs Hu d. /med.j.a:-the J sid.e is paralleled by lylUI on the

454. J tanomu, 0JT.abl-e 45FJ taJt. o.[I.u0J tan. d. m. u

tan. o.III. ashi-tan. d. m. a situn. a. g. utatrt.6,.cstan. o. x. t-taJr.u. L-tan. o . l--tun.tun. a.l--tun. otun. a.1-tun.g.m.a-turt.3.k. . temton. ?,. d. o-t adi.a,. b. ota,n. &. IIl . , d.a-

*tun. a-

t"tl4" (y: ) '?.k, request, solicitr pal1 upon (a person todo)r entrust something to a person), chaige @, person to9o); rely/d.epend or,.r tmst to onefs hon"siy)",0J t""drn(sh.n.) (caus' of the above), J tanonashi-i, 0J tEil?iilsii treliable, trrrstworthy, trusiy', b@Ty. ) 'ffiin pursuit, trace, ascertain, id-entify t . -

0J m vs IIu m. 3, fhe fornant T onsid.e. -

'a consultatiorg helping counsel /ad.-person; ad.monition, d.eliberationcouncj.l- ; knowled.ge, cognizance )tandcs nay be id.entj.cal with that

d.anul- I singr , @- dial.onesel-f | . --This word. fa,ni-

J,Hu

JOJlt

I{un

iltl

chtt

Md.

Ynsku

TESZ (e*. ) r Hu tand.csvice of arL experAen-ed.of experienced. {nen; awisd-omr ; --[he base of

?Zrlt

? vtytt

of tarrul- , tanit- .

FIIV BO;TnSFlt-Szf'n (ex. ) : Hu tanit-.-0Hu tanoxt- f teach,inst:rrct | , tanul-n-OHu taJrgl- r learn t ".-.--? Zt tun I sooth-sayerl s€€lr,

-d.ivin€T

I r ffi- (of child.ren) tG-initateadult .personst (otr the occasions of marriage, burial,etc.) / ? Vty tuno rmagi.cian, sorcerer, enchanter; sooth-sayer, shaman, priest-nagiciant, tunal- tcast a spell (or,by inca,ntations) z upe chirn' /Ch j"""*"- (aer. ) r learn,stud.y, get used.. (to; ' , tunS'kten GAE, corr.ns"l, habitu-ate , train t /UaU tonad.o- llearn, become accustomed. t / /ynate , train t /Md.E tonad.o- .f earn, accustomed.' / /Y"tad.d.a-, taddabo t teacft t /Sk tana^md.a- t get accustomed.' to,learnt.--In Vty tunor -g is a deverbal noun formant. InYn tad.d.abo , -Ad- probably come s from *-nt- , where *!t s* vLvvqv*-y vvl4vv +!vs tav a

could. be a verb formant. -- U *tuna- rset aj!Ig- 'get accustomed. to;learn t .

tt]n- **""1n-It dgr. tften. d,. m. 5-tt d.er. Jtt en. 3

SW 1572 *tene- tremembert; cf. fV t'anne-jeama tknowt, Ytt j-g!!}-d fknowr, Yr teneC,Sk t?inaB /ffir. *&I@- ito know'@ 'und.erstandingJ mind.f .

Conn. 3 1. P.b.nJ.b. s. 3 tlearn; rely on@Tnrst oneself (o" sonebod.y) to thecounsel /teaching of a, tnrsted. /kno.wLed.geable person t (". g. r a shanan) . 2.

' phon. :initlal J, 0J t- vs u' .PSa,n

*!- /1st syl1 . J Z, 0J pr g vs -U *u PSa,n xg /ned.ia1Jr 0J n vs Ur PSa,n xn /fj,nal- of the primary stemr.J g, 0J o', g vs U *g, PSa,m *9/6.3. Note the tornants in ttfe \vd syll. (table): J, OJ -g-r Ch, Sk -m-, PSa,n ri-p-.4. Cf . TESZ (ex. ) : Hu tanfi,"..,OHu j:*"-, torc-' t evidence; witness, t6stinony; {witness, an attestantf .--This word. is of OlPu origin; cf. Uig, etc. tanuq rwitnessr,Tatare Osm tanikr etc, id. ; the lPu word.s are d-erivates of ta;ru- /@ t".cognize,knowt . 5. Cf . . REisd,nen 1955, 47: Hu tanul- r etc. n Tu @"1- tknowtnvMo jani- id..

465..J_tanoshi-ir, OJ tand-si.rmerry, joyful, happy, pleasantf , J tonaetrr, 0Jraute 46q-&napu@)'to Lrtatrtl recitel-lra-ctice incantaTTiffirJr' .

TESZ (ex. ) : IIu d.aIol-n,d.ial. danol-,JOJJOJHuiln

rf

It

il

ta,n. o.*ti- ita^n. d-sivclrlt.Lr-E.L , ; .-l

ton. a. eru 9*: daeo I song t , d-?nogat- t sing f ortdYr. a. pud.an. o.1-d.aJt.u.1-d.aI. o. 1-d.an. o. gatd.and-aJt. u

1y j.s of onom. origin.Comm. : P.b.rI.f .b. s. 3 | si.ng; be merryt. 2. Phon. : initial

J, OJ t- vs Hu A- ( .*g-) /lst syI1 . J ?, 9r OJ Br d vs Huned.ial-J, 0J g .v; IIu nrl'(tne tatter islr-ouably-the qesultd.issinilationJ/ f inal-of-the pri.mary sten, J o, A, 0J d, a v

s/of

the pri.mary stem, J g, ?t 0J €r gAVSHu er g.

taore:rr, 0J tapuru (sh.n. ) tfall down, tumble, collapse, break466. J taorrr,Table 466-J ta .o.fLtll ta . o. refllfr ta . o. sllOJ tap.1r. rtllf ta,p.ll. srl$u tip. o. T-rr gyip. o. r-

d-own, be nrined.tI bring d.own ( rtthrow d.own (to

, J taosu, 0J tapusu (y. )opponent, g.g., in wrestling)thd ground.),'fett /knock/btow'

IIUft

ir

ri

r

top. o. r-tep. €. r-tap. o. s-

gy6p. o. 1-gyap. o. tol-

d-own ("" stormdef eat, kill- t .TESZ (ex. ): Hupf e , tread. orr rd.ownt.--.@,-

d.oes with trees); overthrow,

tipor- r"dial. qlripor- | tra,m-tread. und-erf oot, tra,mpleis cognate with toporz6kol-

158

tto stanp many times wi-th onets feett<*.!.W-,' ..rniz-1;. ); il l*-- /-e i* a frequ. io6il-t/ 'tread on/down, tra,nple/step orr,

tra^nple down t . .l Atener_ . wt al pref ix) ,layfirr-(;":); Eu teper- (= l6teeEl-, where 16- rd'own' is a verb(sonebody) lowe flatten, tftrowlffi"or/d.own' overcome (in wrestling); (tfre wind')

;;;;7k"16r."- (" 1""" ) over' . --The f orms tipor-, jggE-, teper-, tapos- are onom'

MTSz3 a).teperdd(ik) t::ie/-gi!.doYt (?" the ground).', u) SvAPgr- rforce/throw

(soneone)totheground.,ft"tteII|r.dr.g,u,oitor-.fa''o"affiar,opponent)d-ownt.conn.: 1. p.b.m.f.t."l ,';iiiia" trti6iffi-trr" ground-; b9 d-efeated/tra"npled-

und_erfootr.--rn the Last analysis', the word.s in questi-on.couLil be on'om' in originttike most other words . 2. Phoir. : initial- J, 0J g- lrt Hu !- r fl- lt:\-:y11' J' 0J

;;; ;;"i (.- Irl ) i,- c., ! /.nediar r _fi-, or P .'1 ny e' t' sauvaseot 19'0 ' 34 com-

pared Hu Fg- Eg*-, etc. -with a word6, ".g], [\r chiv, Kaz ]3!t"-'tra^mp1e (d-own,

r.mderfoot) t.

A67. oJ tapE 'beautiful ' fine' nice-' (a w91$ 9f praise)' -q.i- : soDika-nir"trJ""a6i T"0".) ifineiv, deiicatelv' subtlvr'o-t-;:" TEsz, Msztr'E (ex.): Eu gb-ogu, diar. glg 'beautiful, pleasins" "9p'i- itr-iir"-"""1i raiourauF; well-grown, large, powerful; good;.prettyEu "uii l;; ;';;!iJ; -lii;i---ji'i-!epfu. '"*tn, naster (or artisan),

: .:;ti.s rllin;mtU**,':lI-iH;',::!4p_i:fi!ii,,it'H:-''ri ep. !i il*l!*uoir"tir:.nel , Ep. rnas.ler larrisam) ' . --crt -*1.rqg gele? 'ar sep'e- ;;;;"-i;;;;.i), d""it @4 'prettv, beautirul" !bu1 lsl id'

EEt .f* ffil ""irli"Jii""'lr ur ggg-r"or cu''v Eep ie not convincins be-Lp dqr'e

""t""-i?-tit" liloited distribution of T[? ctruv word'--lflre recon-

'r 9"p .. Iii'"t"ir"--os"-io,- i", *gg!g-.-- r'u *!s!PC'ru *&p.e ""-l;;.; il-p.i.n.r.t.s-.: 'pleasins T6--the evei_a"tisticr' 2'

+tro,,.,"io"".iiiii"i-!-*'agLemowntobe.ine.1te-matiorrinJ(ta.ne"., sane 'seed', E-.d.-ttrt"tt, eTc' )' -ttte nane a6 qrtq in 1st eyu' (uenck

isSS , z7) , 0J sori- t"v t" t"i"" L' " "Lii"ot, of tap6l 'r'rr{us ---initial 0J !- ' g-

(= ts)vs ru *A- /1st "v,-il 6i-el f"" i'u *9 /neoiaf6T g vs Fu xpp /eten-fina1d.r 4'i ve i\I-*-5.

{5e. J @' tPx+asu tdeceive' coax, cajoler' Qno:-taE?gn*(V')^i0.' g'f

rabre 468 -*".",ffi-!;6:;;i"l:ivl) ;e6r"a"' d'ecov-' tenpt' seduce' (E@

ffilTd-.a.s" -4!g! rfoolishrxesst ) ' -r^.r^D,r ^^+:^^lJ tar.a.kasu TESZ G"' )!-sJ 9f9"1-' ' d eceive ' delude' nisleatt' entice/lure

oJ -tur.u 1uor"ril"!j,-"irfr d.efraud r,.08u 4 rdeceit, fraud i ruse'

su csar- ;'"tt*ffi:,*,l"iii:;:?:i?li,Tf;3$;"'. ?r eg'': initial.r' 0r

ffi ffi*#.flsfiffi ;**r*ffi:r*il.been conpared to ff , ru, f'Io-;d liTo-Ira'rr-ian worits; TESZ says that these con-

Dariaonsarefaulty.Toroeitseensnecessary'howevet'tota^keasecon.llookatlh" A dat". cf. poppe rgZo,-iZr-l{" tlaltl? tsetret, hiddenr '*@: M" g4-rto bidei keep secret" Ev @!- rcover (up]'= U"t', lgb- rto td'tet keep secretr'

469. J fan, .g4, 0J tart (v' ) '1" enough/sufficient/sati sfied' I oJ '@-Table 469 @ (y') -rtti' suppry' -n*: conpreter (-Daeu

FbrEE',. sk ti'r E-nbi-rils the-f"F"+* -E and -gll -J 1sig';Go:

.T ta.r.iru " ;i:;'"- iil-l":l -;add (to)' naEe up' supplv' supple-

J, 0J ta- s.uOJ

ta. s.uta. r. apasu q -ittii' r' e- FUT 8l

ft t i.ffi a- ment I

1: fzz [? pi tvrttv- 'b9 surf eited'/nore ll1? Fi ty.r-

y -^iu:':o-,"itrii "i;1/itlffi'ro11, fullness;. ?91i*?1t'Fi ta H;ffi;-;,iiii: ff 'r+11 i l?",3'"-l:tll:?l+*vtvZrIt

0sil

ty. r-ty. rty. r. l-ta. r. Jm-te.r\

Yr te. s

U *ta.6

ta. S. a-tE. s il;ru;d d (wiffsornethins)'/zr *F 1r"11::

. 6. & tA:-;;";;,; r*lll9" g"Iit-_l::{l'll:^il'" to#"u t

";;;;;"- iou' ( oTE-a;De ( oTE? noon); becgneU

3"*l"ii";;-;;"oroplish, 8et throush with "

te^ t'

169

:{i11 . (a vessel, a measu=:), .$. 'full :/ftk liil 'full, fllled', tiira-, tirra-'filI '.-- u *ttire.--cf . sy lFT (esan) *tgr6"lli"a 'lhe "o"i"itffi loffif"g).FtrV. JB: Fi -!a,sa- f equal' , tasalla 'on aGet- (with) , / /y" taas 'e.rerri (;" by d.i-vision, with no remaind"r),

" (itt nunber); i; pairs, by twos; whole, entire'(". g. , year, reind.eer) . --' u ftaga,._Comm.21. P.b.n.f.b.s.: tsufficient, complete; nake even/ful-lf .--In the lightof the tabulated- evid.ence, I suggest that a C\r root is at the base of all the ad.-d'uced foms on both sid es, and. that Fi +-@- , ete. go with Fi tyrtty- I etc. I thed-ifferent d-evelopments from af,L id.entical ro-ot being d.ue to split . Z. phon. : initial;, -9J-t vs u' Psug t /1s_t J, ^ot _e 11 u l*.,_psa^m

xgl! (u *" ro= Fi !eea-: ;i;:)7nedial J,0J g vs U' PSa,n *I (cf. J, 0J nedTal s a"na-x3 df f*t"9"). fTgainstTEsz and. MSZFE that reconstmct Fu *tew&. for Hil tete n-jg,!ig Ei ; iitt"d.' andits cl-aimed. cognates, r propose to g,rfip-jglg und.er II xqire. +. From Menges 19T j,47 ff . , Poppe 1960, 28 t 9r,. tot- 'b;/be;oilF-fott' , to$--lErr, get fult' , tolu'comple!"t_' igg 'satiated' , Igg rall, wholer , $ig- Gap up t ;

-fg I{a jalu' '?illlnesgfu1lf , Oroki &lgg- 'become full-', 01Ea eig-T.--rn these foins, ffi u, cV

shaped. root may be d.iscerned..

47O. J tanr ttub, barrelt. Ono:Table 47O-'branch; hand.16'), OJJ tar.u old. form of ta:rr).0. -d.ar.u TESZ, MSZtr'E 6): Hu

-d.aruTATI

: ve-$an+ | a sake bowl_ witb handle' (lgta sake jug with a spout' (tari is tlie

OJEuVg

471. J -taruTable_ 471J,0J tar.uJ tar. e.mrr t ar. a-

tt 6Dr. i? Fi sor.o? Est sor.uYr 3ri-1. a. S

Sk Bor. .mbaft sor. . mba

S'lllr. .Iem*Cor.3 -

er. e. d--€T. €-

ti,t. . tiTaT.&. D-t6r. e. mtt5Ser. .gdd-5or. ,g6d-

*Sd,r.3-

tar. i tfrI-, til.I 'trough-l-iket5r (u) 6ffi riffiT"s' . -- Ugrictdl- pIate, dessert-d.ish' .

@-oHu td,1u 'f lat d ish;square wood.en d.ish, used.xtalg. --Cf. New Persian

basin, bowl | ^- Vg

on the hunt or whentEl tplatter, d.i.sh,

rf til-l comm.31. p.b.m.f.b.s.3 ta flattish (wood.en)Ugric *ta1.3 initial J, 0J t- vs Ugri,c *!-/ 1st syl1 . J, 0J a

aL J, 0J r vs Ugric xy /ct.l, 0J sten-final- -rtand u in the OEu f orm-T61ud. (place-na$e; -d. is a

tar. i.-csor. o. $-csur. o . g-csor-turn i6ur. .Yit'5,r..rtdr. elw vsor.l-

: shita-tanr I to d.rop, d.rip, trj.ckle t , tareru I ooze, run d.omr r

Jffi5E in connectj-on with long rraFT6gi"s-;;;), ;;;;-tara td.rop by d.rop, in d-rops'e 0J taru (y. ) (Vi) hang do;;;dap8lq, d.roop; d.ropr d.rip, ooze, rurl dolrn, tricklet, taru (sh.n. ) ' (Vl) to hang' (". g. ; a curtain), tanr-mi 'waterf;liT (_*it water' ) , patu-tari ' the f irst lot or n!ffiurewed. beer ' (p6f,"'first; teEfiiEET, tanr-ki f rafter' (d':eo-: ot-d.er foru t ;ffi1/a rength of tinber lrmning slantingly fron the rid.ge o?-ffiroof to the top ed.ge of the outsid-e warls of a buitd.LnJ,TESZ, MSZFE (ex. ): Hu csorog- nzd.ial. cslllrog: t (Vi) Ieak, run,d.rip , trickle out ; to T%tll, rurc ( of tIdilfA;) , d*oi'ed "., csured 'ra place where the water of a spring or creek drops; a water-fall; rapid.s of a riverr, csord.{t- tspi.ll, pourt, csorgat-pour sl ow]y, make overf 1 owFctr-e/aritt r e r 7-.-rvg 3ilri, Hurri' trickle , ogze I t furvi , .$llryi. id. /0" {d=g- , tdi"=l-&gi-6p"i- tto flow, sEiffii Ni soro 'a ffi! orlffieri TE-r"rr-fiET, sorotta-a 'to d.rip, d.rib6F, ? Est sor1l 'the no j.se ofn snin /Yr Srrm3a ' rrm, f low ' , dutfF' to nrsh ' ( oi thewater of a creei<)/st@g , E9ggpg' 'FTf-ows'/r{m $r,r1en 'torunr.--This word. may be of onom. origin.-- U *&gg-.TESZ, MSZFE (ex.): Hu ered- 'rise/spring (fron), originate, de-scend.; start off (on onets way) t, ered-et f origin, sourcer,eresz Ieaves; d.rippings (fatting fron- The eaves) t, ereszkdd-td.escend., slope, faIl, sink; sit d.ownt --JIg tfrti .tlet g%releaseI, td,raD- tto releaseI, targ4!- |to spread-t/Os ttrronttdtto spread.lil!. , hay for d.ryin!f,Eatre up''/zr L"gqgi.|sdredd- rto.spread.. stretcht.--The element -d- in eqe{- is aE"q* fornant; -t in Vg tErti, etc. is a cails. fffi?rrt; -scidin the zr forms is a c]uster of formants.-- Fu *$€L.MTSz: Eu ergff!- t.(Vi) nove slowIy ahead'f^, a rule,,downhiJJ[er6get- 'iFE-fa-tI/get'downt (s1owiy, €.g., when filling acontainer with grai-n very carefulfy).

d.i.sht. 2. Phon.vs,Ugric xg /med.i-i (respect-ively)d.im. formant).

OJHun

tl

Vgll

0sIt

n

KngIIUtf

Ysil

0sZrft

FU

170

Comm. 1. The basic measing on the J sid.e seems to be toozer runr d-ribble d-ownf ;

tha,ng dow4r.fall, descendr. The two semantic field-s overlap, for the appearance

of, i"y, the 1ong, slend.er twigs of a weeping willow rdminds one of liquid-s ina vessel brinming over and. flowing to the ground-. As, regard-s the Hu sid-er it isworth noting that some Eu authors utilizing old. and./or d-ial.- terms apply the verbcsurog- to torrg beard. or haj.r of the head hanging d-own. tr\Ether, r propose to re-EEFfr.* gred- , ete. to be varian.t developments .

of palatal vowel order r by split '

or a basffioro which csorog- /p"""e- has come (an origi-nal PFU *S- is posited' r s.

tiUA 1968 , i1t. Tt "t gr"""g-l cquros- has to d-o with """d-^

is supported' by thefactthatthesynonym@onnectionwitharoof1i.e.;'thegutterl(where the rainwater aropfr-ttre "ooi)

t" gry'--P:!'t:f 'l'"' t thang/flow

d.ownf , hence ,go down, d;scend.; be l-et d-ovrnr:be spreadt,. 2' Phon': initia] J, 0J

!-";"'d-;g-; Ffr *!- list sytl . J, 0J a vs u *g, FII *e /nedial J' 0J r vs u' FU *I'

472. J tataeru, fnoi t?!apu. (y.) lUglg:I filled to the brim; overflow, brinTabLe 472

-

-' o"""; ,@ '?Ittea (op ) , fulf illed I great | '

J tat ' "'*:"o TES2 (g*. ) , uu teldf : 'rr5." quite fuIl, heap _ up/on; ^(rigura-0. iat.".!l ^.: iii"r:il pi.r" onffir up.the cup'.--This wora comes from $.0J tat.a.pa-si (-rroui, ii"r. tete, ,t"tz) ttop, s-u.mmit, roof r, itself coming. "Hu tet. 6. z- i";;oftr:t"tl tEfse6r-appear ' fr. entry tatsu ' "!?td arise '.,/ '

Conn. 1. Pj.rI.f .b. s. : tfil1 to the brin; overfloyt'--Iregister disagreement with TESZ regardi.ng the origin of tgt6z- and- @$ ( s ' entrytate) . 2. phoi.: initial J, OJ t- ;" H; i- /1rt "!rr. J,nQ vs u1{open) /*"-d.iat J,0J !-;; il! /iinat of The prinaiy stem, J, 0J a vs Hu 6' 3' The element

-z tn -!S-!-€-=-- is a frequ. verb formant

473. J iate-, 0J tate, slgr'a shield'-, e.g:, 0.1 flo",??t ipa-tate 'heavenlystone shieldf(a^ma t66a-venEd gen. marker, 1ji1 'stoner ) '

TESZ ( ex. ) : Eu tet6 ^,,08u @, dial . !9!$, tetd , -tqtti -.t:p , sr:'mmit ,

=oof ; top' f u,y"=-fr! liqui[GJf f id., . coffing' plate t ' --This word d'e-

rives from OU"-tJiiil.)=(>t6i"u-il.) 'seen, appearr; tet(iE) is ofunknown origin.

comm.31. p.b.m.f.b.s.? ta cover; a (rrattisrr) protective ob-ject on top of sonethiqg'. 2. Phon. : inii:-at J?.0J !--vs liu^t-/1 stsvtt. J, OJ ? vs Hu e /iedial J, 9l ! "? Hu t ftinal J :9: 0J -g

"l-ffr -d, lg] -A, -!.7 l. Cf . entries tataeru and- tatsu I stand' 'f stand. up, rise, start from a TeFtir-rg positiont,

rise- up (of smoke r fog 2. etc ' ) 1 leave t depart ;

expirer pass by; .pass (".g., ,the aay)r 8o onibe buil tf erecied/established/f or:nded'; . beginl-ife, establish oneself t , tatu (sh'n' ) f make

Tab1e 471Jr 0J tat.e0J tat. aHu tet.6ft tet. eIt tet. dIt tet . ii

47 4. J tatsu'Tab1e 474J tatsutt tat. e.l3u.

tat.utet- ?

tet. e. tesla6. o-$a6. e-Sad. a-Sod. a-6od. a-Eyu.yE:uL-6uL-s9,ss.d,6ad. etErc

0J tatu (v.)

tansa,tid. otiz. oEu4t?\:. _

MdEMdlqchil

ll

TvYnlt

SKtl

OJHult

vrd.

chll

vtvZril

Vg0s?Yr

FiEsttpll

S€aS. O-sai.s. o-

c',aoW* o-

"y6ih"-d t'. a-sinz. e-&rtL e

1'7;ITilFFi#tlvd+{odt-*sqffra;

del-dud'em te-

stand-; bui.ld- I .rnst ("*. ; t Eu tetsz (ib) < 9uo. t-et(iF) l"n;.Dear. become visi-bler (the day) breaks (= t+"il-"pp""="), (sonethiti*) seems (to someone)',OHu tlletes- ("di. )'visible' .--g=igin *nknown.

Fw 77: Md-E g4-' YdY &d"- 'be born' arise'a".r"iop t f ch Taf-;a-] S"dE-' Ed"- 'b? born,grow ' /i,tv W, .ltgfu- 'f a,nilv, tribe , tace,stock'' /2" W, 6m born' lUf "e""a 'in-d-igenou" ' re-Jlgq ' ind-igenous ; birth-p-!ace 'troile t , 6. -*egTrr-"tirr" land', homeland t (m';i""ta 11ffffrr t66nc ' sort, kind-, f a,milvt FYtansa 'fa^nilt; EEgb, tizo,f su 6a\, teglzJ.lffiT""onstnrcted foru given' ) ,

il""r.a"";let5; -uit

fi-- 'to =i""' (" ' g', dough)'';;;';t:-i"i*", Bo opG's' , heavenlv bodies)

66iittto bei-ng, or5-gi'nater '

FUII 1272 Fi ,seiso- tto stq,n'd-', EstS saiso- id'/t p 6uo14o-,TSpfui*u- St"- i to risE@

ZrVg0sll

fl

FU

0sIt

171

ffia#ffi ,#iluidi:', "Lffi,;i : : I i : - u;r'

*i H J r ro u ch e d op )' /vs t o"

" -

Honti 1979, 12?:. 0s 4|fl!- - tto - sta;rd.r , ztudente- rrise

Comm. : 1. p.b.m.T.b. s. : rappear; ffione intotablished.; estabrisht. The ad.d.uced. word fa^nilies on

(fron a sitting position)t.being t , hence t stand.; bi: es-

the II sid.e are most likeIyPhon. : as representative

FU *Egdgg- (where *g is takenvs Ong t-, FU *s-/1st sy11.

tr'u *49.

variant d.evelopments, by splitr of a si.ngle base. z.forms on the u sid.e, r propose to take OIiu tet- and.as a second.ary glid.e sound.) ; thus: initial tO.f f -J, 0J a vs OHu g, FU *g /med"ial- J ts, 0J t vs OHu-t,

475. . J_tatsu, OJ tatu t d.ragon | .

'1a01e 4'l h A

J tats.u sy 151 :. *f,Eo"o ("9.;_.g'

. g). '1izard.' ; "-f-. ry (ir19su1ar) tansri, .nom.0J tat. u p1--!94&: t f ampr€v.!/Yn td,du, tasu id.. fYr tants I lizard-; fif i /su

;;r, -d;# t=iiFi@:. t9'?, -E @;lIEd', d"".@&p ;;;;r.";j^ thenze,

-tOnz.g /KoIbaL tanza/NIotor tan{.e .

g- vs es* *d- /, "f"#ii,l;,1;l'I'{;o;il ;i'i;:$i"i"3?, 3; i'il';r#'H3'ri;"lj*g is 1ike1y second-ary) /f inat J, 0J -g vs psa;n *-S'.

476. J -tawakeru t to Bl"y thg loot, .be , si11y' , tawa-goto 's j-lly talk' (g. 'word.')Tab e 475- 0J fapb,nr ("h.n)' 'act ina"ecenTffiduct onesel-f wronsl-y'.J taw. a.ke::u lap?-yaza tact ",{ insanity t (g. td.eed-, act t ), tapaku 1"fr.". ;fr taw. a- | act j-n a lewd. /toul/ ?asty way t , tapa-si 'obsffiItoul,0J tap. ?,.Tlu. wantont,

- tabulu (sh.n. ) tgo j.nsane, becone nentally d.eranged.r,ft tap.a.ku tabure tinsanityl. Ono: d.amarrr (y.) tpretend.n play the aunU,rf tap. a-si become silent r saJI nothingt , d.a,masu (V. ) t d.eceive, cheat ,It tab . u. ru take in t , J tabakaru id. .

ll

0.ft

JHun

fl

tab.1r. red.a^m. a. rud.a^m. a. slrtab. a. karut6b. o.lyog-ti-b. o. lyog-tib. o. rog'-

TFZ_ ("*. ) t zu!$g];fgg-,r,OHu tibot-(y)oe-, d.ial. tdbcjlcie-,t-ebolyog- r tiborog- r t6vajog- thesitate, waver, be rrncertain;wand-er about; go insane ' , t6bolv{t- r.dial. ti!91+I- f upset,throw into confusion, pertEbffid.en, arivEalfrr &zy-r, tdbe.rvod-(ik) 'become crazyf d"eranged-; lose onf s way', tdbj.i- 'T;-craze/mad.d-en I n t6b"L- | err, lose one I s way (raentaTTf)T. --[his word- fa^nily is probably a development, by split-, parar-1el to t6ved.-, t6velySg-, etc.TEsz, MmE-( "":flTil!a.1g1ggs- ' err, stray; be in e*or ; soastray (itt one's ttrinki:r;ffive in heresy; be perturbea/pJr-pJexed-; lose onets way, _go astray, be mistakenr, tdved.- iA.{:4.i: a frequ . tornarrtl , t6veszi- f deceive, cheaTfr,yg tipj-jgpi 'err, g; astray', jj4@-li'. /o, tewtil, hgte, jgp!-A-'go astry, iose on's wail'ffip*, tapeil-ffi--TF" Er-.Comm.: P.b.m.f.b.s.: terr; be d.eranged.; act in a wrongway; d.ecei.vet. 2. Phon.: initial 0J t-, J, CIJ !-, g- vsUgric !!-/lrt syll . J, 0J a vs ugric-€ -/mediat-J yf u, g,0J Br E rs Ugric *p. 5. Cf. Ganschow 1955, 59: 0s T"rJos;;trg- terr, lose onets way t , 0s Trenjugan !E- id. , p.11i OtNizja^m to'mat-, 0s Kazym g[ id.

rr t6b. i. t-It tdb.u.I-tl tdv.e.d.-fr tdv. e.sz t-Vg tip. iIt t6p. itt tip. .761i0s tcw. . teft tep. . tarf tDB. .tbIt t6p. a. mUgric xtep.3-

477 . . J_tazuneru, 0J tad.unu ( sh. n. ) | make inquiry, seek/seqrch f gr, investi-'raoJ-e 4['[ gate, ask (about) r, J tad.om,Jtaz.u.neru0Jtut.a.P1Vtytod.-OJtadobu(y.)'iottow@aa),

0J tad-. u. nu rr tut . a. pd zr t6d.- purEil5-@ doui."" ) , trace , f o1-J tad-.o.nl I tut.u Hu tud.- low upt, ? J tad.asu f ask, in-oJ tad-. &. ot ti tut . e Yr tumt a- vestigate , "rEE#i" ' l' ,l tsutau,,? J tad-.a.su J -zut.e Tv tunLu- oJ tulapu-(y. ) rfoIlow, goJ tsut. a. u Fi tu:be- Yn tudd.. a- along; be i=#"*i ttZa/tola'1ii--rr tsut. a. waru tr trul.e- Ifu tiim. e- trod.iced. (to ) t , J tsuiawanr id-.,rr tsut.a. eru I..,p dolde- J tsutaeru, 0J tutffi. )'' tsut.a. e rl dend.d- u xtmt"g- .tr t"-lE-.*. ) ;Ifri-aown,

transmit (knowlede"), report,tell, inpart, teach, Uequeathf , J tsutae, 0J tutapd. 'legend, 'trad.itiJni'h""=""y,

word., informationr, J -glte : hito-zute --koto-zute tmessage, hearsayt (h. tperson,people r, E. rword.' ), J ts"t"-e';ilFTot;+EFG"rbat- message' .

172

Fw Bo, TESZ, MSZFE (ex. ): Fi .j.r"t"-^,tu+ne,- rknowr recogniz.e, perceiver appre-

hend , f eel'/in- +"*+al; uaruE:Zffg 'to t rrow; appreheia' /zr tdd- rknow (." factor acquaintance); p.eree've, experien&'/"; i"u-'.'d'o* ("" fq.ct)T-Eave.knowled-ge

of , have skill j:n, f f:y:r i.rx.ta- 'be lcQuainteiTittr; experience',f-lrv. X*I"-..'guess'divine, so1ve; fti ffidda-6' experiett"", solve by d-ivination'/Kn -Uitntte-, 'know; re-

ca1l, remembe".tr timne-, @L- rperceive, und-erstand, knowt'-- u *!gg!g-'comm. 3 1 . rknow; tea"iffiquire; investigate' . Phon. : initiar I 3; r@'/z't 0J

t- vs II *t- /lst "yir. J, 0J er g vs U 1g /roeaiar J ly L1 t' 0J Sr ! t* U *-&'fr" note that as in the case of u xa,mta- Tt; giy"' vsl a!ec=t' further Fu *o4!9

|cavity'vS"r*itio"o-"i".theentri@IndutF]rrq)flot'ere,too,*gappearsbefore *t on tf,fr-gia"; i.n most otrreffi-stancesJrte correspondence is tr'u or u*-nt- vs -!- on the J sid.e; it is fairly evid-ent that *g, *g it the clusters inquestion cart only serve the purpose of irenasalization, resultingr €LS a ruler inthe voici-ng of *t ; j.n l..,p

-Io*-aa-; atr-6- (where ^+

i" perhaps a substitutionfor n) we witne"E tt" app&-ra-nc; "G- -"t"" ?fI"" *!h?" b"co*" voiced (if w of

dowd.o_ j-s not a substitute for sr trreil it must be a Eort of glid-e that occurs be-

6F""rtain consonants in some-tr\I r;;;g;;). t. cf . s}J 122 PSam *cecap? (?'^'xc&rEipEi) ,nagi cia2, shamanr ; cf . qk Q;$PI lnt-::t' (note in this connectlon 0J

tatapu 'hand. down/transmit knowted.e"F+. According to MSZFE (IIl? 5tB) I Bergs-

iffirs;6;" 61/2214) conpared ereutia' + 'get to hear or feel' to Eskiqro tusarthear'.5.Mi1ler1971,i'compared;i@|investj.gate,stud-y'toPA*tatie-, stud.y, learn r n Mo t"6ii;- ,burn with pasffii r-crave f ori , M& i"dl- t stud-y ' learn I'

b) J taduki ,being u.""o"fo*"i7i""i-(t"- somethj.4s); to-Tg L"^.t@L- 'tameftrain(ananima1)|ltati8F-.,l*",make"""i"iI;;;;-Git""9oip"Dm5).6.cf.R'rsErnen 1955 , 47: Fi tottu- ,get o""afu,""o"tor"a to t (* ? -i"tg^-- 't=Ttl' ) ' '.,lhr Kaz

tatyua1(.vto)"-uo"ffuet-accustomed.tot--ort'utatid.'So1on@tteach|.47s..!zOJtenrM?ul5'1?,!flii$i'*t?3t)ilH'-':l:!r*:i:niJ'ix:"?'

-.Tabfe 478Jr 0J ter.u tott.aTo", d-ryweather; drought; gloss' lustrer'tt rr ter.€u.so TESZ (ex.): Hu derit- rthrow light orrr manifest, reveal;J ter. i t",i*rrt"" cheer 11pfl*ostly with the verbal prefix g- lup' orHu der. L. t- ;l:';;;;'i-.;;;1;;;,

'""u.""h, clarify, clear, cleanse, purifvr 'fr der. ti. 1- ffg" a"in"iu6"-i;i;", sunny weather ' , +eriil- 'get/grow light ;

vg a.tbr ;;;"4" ctear away;'thougirts become clearl become cheerful;O; E. d-er (r"rtrv with the verbal-pref ix E- I iecg.me

known ("'g' ' trr e.d-er

"""""t), '"or"

to lightt, (later-Hu) +"=Y tclear weathern

tt a. ter brightness, cheerfuitt"rr t , d.ereng; t to dawl, grow light t|t!Ey.a.mt-;i;il,twink1e;";;;;rcr'eeffi(trrougrrts)begintoemergel.rf AET.3. go- ::;* members of iirir word. f a,niIy a'Te probably derlvatives '

lp ial.6..khs Thelr base is not known for certlin' Perhaps it is id'enticaln jf,n . i- with the noun dd=. iwhite

,.f "o";; '7;.

"1q"" Lltry it€nr. 'freezef;

yr jal.a the connectionT-stween the concepts rfrostr, on one hand't

Tv jar.e and. ffine weather; clear skies; brightnesstr or the othertyn jed. e would. be understandabl-e. --FUr io, ana Mo equations of the base

,, jer.e of this word_ family aTe erroneous.

sk d6f .y Mu. szi. : vg dc, r cloud.r-ess, cf ear; _fair (of weather) ' .

,, tal.; i-irrt"rt"a sourceffvg atdT t€raE ' cloud'less sky' 'Itu taL. a patkanov 19oz: ol "d;;Eg"E-right,

shining, cloudf ess I 'u4a,1.oea.eI-iraLT.weatrrJr@,itt"='c1oud1ess/fairsky'.u xjel ' zL Garrschow 196, , 85: 0s Ka'zym' A=tT'Pl- ,. IiT4'nt- ' search out ' in-yuk j"1. o.4e vestigate,, .*""^"-- i"o*"- to@[,

-b6Z;ft-clear' r' E'c1ear,

Fnrlf,zT,pid,l6l<6sr.ja,el6rr?s-'conpletecloudlesstt"s"';j41i-'getbrightandctoud.less, ligETEn' .(-k,gr-lE " der. rlfl. )/ /.v" 4*^=6P, -W? 'dav; light' lumen;

ffi:ti"ffiJ:{i'FJki;:l;m ;?7#'3:l:*:"""iffiT-a is a-iler. ending):-:.9 *is.'

-Cornm. : 1 . r (be ) clear /Atignt/suntfl-- f am. unable to check whether the adduced

vg and os word.s'have been'"qoit"d *iiir "r u""it-, etc. However, even if they had

been put asi.d.e, they are woitt """orrriaeriiffi trt" new line-up ' --r al-so adduce

the Lp, Samr and Y'k r"=* (;;J "u""");l;; in phonetic shape they a*e not too

173

too d'ifferent from the first glgup, while semantj-eally !h"y a]most agree with it.--As regards Eu d-dr, r dontt trrint that it has to do iritr, h"=if-. -e.-FtrJrr., on theanalory of J seme:rrr isamenrl etc. vs ve es.en-, EY 53cr-; €t;:-9"1;|,."*"*r.)r consid'er vg g-r 0s g-r g- t 2- as protrreFvowelrfEor--- initial J, 0J t- vsEu d'-, vs t-, dl !-1 k'.I-,,6!: _o :i- /1st-.vii. _J; 0J g vs To e (open),'"uE-g.1"0s gr 9-, gt g.r i, cf.l \ /r,ediaJ- .fl O"l I vs Eu, Vg, Qs E, cf. U *f_.

479' 0J -tiru : isa-tinr 'weep/cry bitterry/Loudly' (i."- is an enphatic pre-Table 47o F6'setr-Tene"l)'. --"

0J -ti-r.u szinnyei. 1922, 24.: Hu E{=- (- *i=r- ) 'weep r c{r , /ve geg- f toHu s{r- screan'./?" t$igigt- 'cfrout., screan, shr-ie u, /vtv Isffr.J"rjlvg $a* f,derekjal- 'toTE"?1, l"r'/cn i8-aia*z_;-*ia=i#,&U_zr tsir.35 t- T6'-screan, shriek; lNIe G"ft- q" d=y; carr,/[pN fB6ernr-.Vty t'$ir. ek jal-rr - {6er.ek ;;i_ TESZ: Eu Ei"- is of onom. origj.n.Ch iE;;. ", ^l*- Comm.;T. p.b.m.f .b. s. , iio cry; weep,.__It is IikelyLpN tg6"*.Jc'- that-n;-ttl: it-or onom. origin, b;i thai j.s no reason not to' try to find- its cognates. Afier aL!, few are those word.s of2. Phon. : taking_Jlf $;,i#"-_ "" affectet u.y- metathesis--- initiat 0J !- vs Hu, vg(v'7=/ls/].Yt{t-Mvtv,Ch,l'n../a^:ya/e/,/_i"*'yiil-6i-i"""*-"o]Zt,Ytya- (velar quality), vty, r,p, Md e, vrg,-ci L,

'o-/mediar b; r vs x in arl forms onthe u side (itt the Md- forn, ; rd" proS'ably 6rtatg;A ;i;;"-riTrr'i)i *" qrL J

480. .J^toboruajspga '(vi) burn,. be tighted ' :, lopgs,F. '(yt) uurn (a light),Ianre . 4-90- rlgffi-ff j.ie/ cand le )', o"r ibho"" i rTSEEirrd r"'" fi"" )l 6rro ,J tob. o. ru tobosu^., tomosu (y. ) id..lf tom. oJ tob.":il TPS, (9T. ):."Y.e\ra!o+(+t), F$rappan- ,take/catch fi.re, be in-OJ tdh. o ttamecl/j-gnited_r . __Origin unknown.IIugyap.":;:Tfli,;'*:F.'teconsumedbyheat;g1ow;burn.s1ow1y(with-I - Q*:":]. itiz- (;aJ : Hu t?plO r*,d.ial-. topld, topt-u 'tind.er, a,madou, touch-Hu tap. .!6. wood-r.--This word. is of unce;tai" o@. rt may be a l-oa' fromtt top' .ld. rur cf . Balkar to,p-l!q tmushroom, fungust. A serious obstacle inVg tatrr. . ldic the way of ttris@ation is thai thi; word'd.oes not occur inother [rr languages, whil-e topl{rq itself j.s a d.ial. form. A simi-lar word- exists in vg, na^mery tepl,fu r t j.nd.er, kind.lingr , hencetouchwood t .

Coan. : 1. P.b.m.f .b. s. : f burn; fire t. 2. Phon. : initiaL J, 0J t- vs H, gf-J=-g),- t-r ve .!: /1rt syl1. J o oi oo T"_ Hu e, g,

-vs.t-7ffi;^1't"irft-,'6r"* (pro-bably having al arternant, cfl OnoT !-"b""E;t94""g) v" Eu pr Er vg p.--r[ seems

!l"t-ginHnto'""d-second.a=y"6Giio,,ffi'"gotTr,"="byana1ogy.5.The formants Yg and. Hu I appear to para1le1 the formant g on the J sid.e.481 . J toge tthorn, spiner awn, sp.linterr, toe?nr,, drg: Loflarrr (y. ) rbe point-Eabre ,481-

n ^ edTi$a;i"A;GT-nsry', T tosa,mernr, oj=t&ifi,I-J tog' e 0s l6Y. e. r td ( sn. n. ) 'ciiti" ize r-tiane , repro ach, censure,{'- 0. lte.a.ru zr toi- rind raurt *itr'il ; j9e,'o}-iA*J"T; ;;iii;i"'.!t l;€:3.'o yty 1il3: T,Tt?

("+.,).i Eu tdvis'-.oHu tiivis, diat.- tiiyes,J tod. a. meru rr tii.j- y*vcjs, ti.ihiiP -'tfrE; prictfrEpine ' fg-C-;Hu tciv. i. s Fi ty . ci.ubee dim. f otmant/. --This word. comes from the ob-rr t6v-tt tiih.ii.s FU *tek.s- lj'al- ("* a biEer d.oes in wood); staU, prick';Vg teg- o" *t"v.g - (with the verbal prefi.x fr- rthrough') 6t-rr teT_ | tstY.eszt- f p j.erce, stab, run through t (". g. r, t"T- with a. dagseT)

-yg t EB- , -Eiy- , t-ey- | thrust ,pierce, /Os td)re ftii. 'stop up ' /fu lSl-ni 'to

' stickfpoke into t /E+ tycjntiiEi ' thgrst , f orce oneseLf-fi" a d.irectio") ;Grra away t .FU *tek 3- or *_Lefi- . -

connF. P.b.nE6-. s. : tQ" pointed. /sparpl stabr. z. phon. : initial J, 0J !-vs Fu *!- /lst syll. J g, 0J d vs Fu *g /r.edj-,aL J, 0J g vs Fu Tk or *I.