Lancaster, PA Courtyard by Marriott Danielle Shetler - Structural Option Senior Thesis - Spring 2005

Lancaster, PALancaster, PACourtyard by MarriottCourtyard by Marriott

Danielle Shetler - Structural Danielle Shetler - Structural OptionOption

Senior Thesis - Spring 2005Senior Thesis - Spring 2005

Danielle Shetler Danielle Shetler Structural optionStructural option

Courtyard by MarriottCourtyard by MarriottLancaster, PALancaster, PA

Senior ThesisSenior ThesisSpring 2005Spring 2005

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline BackgroundBackground Existing Structural ConditionsExisting Structural Conditions ProposalProposal Structural RedesignStructural Redesign LEED Study LEED Study Cost ComparisonCost Comparison Conclusions/RecommendationsConclusions/Recommendations




BackgroundBackground Project TeamProject Team

Baker, Ingram & AssociatesBaker, Ingram & Associates – – Structural EngineerStructural Engineer

Barton Associates, IncBarton Associates, Inc – – Mechanical/Electrical EngineerMechanical/Electrical Engineer

High Construction CompanyHigh Construction Company – Design- – Design-BuilderBuilder

High Hotels, LTDHigh Hotels, LTD – Owner – Owner Greenfield Architects, LTDGreenfield Architects, LTD - Architect - Architect




BackgroundBackground

LocationLocation Greenfield Greenfield

Corporate Corporate Center – Center – Lancaster, PALancaster, PA Courtyard

by Marriott

Project North




BackgroundBackground 5 Story Hotel5 Story Hotel

133 Guest Rooms133 Guest Rooms 83,821 Square Feet83,821 Square Feet Construction DatesConstruction Dates

Start Date – July 12, 2004Start Date – July 12, 2004 Completion Date – June 30, 2005Completion Date – June 30, 2005

Project Delivery Method – Design BuildProject Delivery Method – Design Build Total Cost = $9,550,000Total Cost = $9,550,000








Existing Structural Existing Structural ConditionsConditions

Building Length = 253’-10”Building Length = 253’-10” Largest Width = 74’-9”Largest Width = 74’-9” Building foot print with typical bay – 28’ spanBuilding foot print with typical bay – 28’ span





Existing Structural SystemExisting Structural System FoundationFoundation

Spread footings (31) – various sizes Spread footings (31) – various sizes 4” & 6” Slab on Grade4” & 6” Slab on Grade

Floor SystemFloor System 8” pre-cast hollow core plank – span east/west 8” pre-cast hollow core plank – span east/west

directiondirection GravityGravity

8” reinforced masonry shear walls8” reinforced masonry shear walls LateralLateral

Moment framesMoment frames





11stst Floor – lobby area, conference Floor – lobby area, conference room, pool, restaurant, kitchenroom, pool, restaurant, kitchen Exterior Wall: 8” reinforced load bearing Exterior Wall: 8” reinforced load bearing

ivany blockivany block Interior: Steel columns – do not follow Interior: Steel columns – do not follow

gridgrid 22ndnd Floor – guest rooms Floor – guest rooms

Framed with large steel beams Framed with large steel beams W 36x393, W 36x300, W 36x230, W 27x84W 36x393, W 36x300, W 36x230, W 27x84

Moment connections - centralMoment connections - central north/south & east/west directionsnorth/south & east/west directions





2 typical bays – 22 typical bays – 2ndnd floor floor





33rdrd, 4, 4thth & 5 & 5thth Floors – guest Floors – guest roomsrooms 8” reinforced 8” reinforced

masonry shear masonry shear wallswalls

Typical bay – 3Typical bay – 3rdrd, , 44thth & 5 & 5thth floors floors





Typical shear wall layout Typical shear wall layout





Existing Building Existing Building SectionSection Total building Height Total building Height

= 52’= 52’ 1st floor height = 1st floor height =

12’-8”12’-8” 22ndnd, 3, 3rdrd & 4 & 4thth floor floor

heights (each) = 10’heights (each) = 10’ 55thth floor height = 9’- floor height = 9’-

4”4”





Lateral LoadsLateral Loads Wind Loads (N/S Direction)Wind Loads (N/S Direction)





Seismic Loads (N/S & E/W Directions)Seismic Loads (N/S & E/W Directions) R = 3.5R = 3.5




Existing Structural Existing Structural ConditionsConditions Gravity LoadsGravity Loads

Dead LoadsDead Loads 8” Pre-cast Planks = 65 psf8” Pre-cast Planks = 65 psf 8” CMU = 32 psf8” CMU = 32 psf Structural Steel = 5 psfStructural Steel = 5 psf Metal Deck = 2 psfMetal Deck = 2 psf Roofing Materials = 7 psfRoofing Materials = 7 psf MEP, Misc = 10 psfMEP, Misc = 10 psf Total = 121 psfTotal = 121 psf

Live LoadsLive Loads Corridor/Guest Rooms = 40 psfCorridor/Guest Rooms = 40 psf Mechanical Rooms = 150 psfMechanical Rooms = 150 psf Stairs = 100 psfStairs = 100 psf

Wall LoadsWall Loads 8” CMU + E.I.F.S. = 47 psf8” CMU + E.I.F.S. = 47 psf








ProposalProposal Structural System RedesignStructural System Redesign

Combination of masonry shear walls and Combination of masonry shear walls and steel floor framing to staggered truss steel floor framing to staggered truss systemsystem

Change roof from sloped to flat - green roofChange roof from sloped to flat - green roof Design CriteriaDesign Criteria

Code requirements for IBC 2003Code requirements for IBC 2003 Maintain large open area on 1Maintain large open area on 1stst floor floor Maintain low floor-to-floor heightMaintain low floor-to-floor height Provide feasible & cost effective designProvide feasible & cost effective design




ProposalProposal Why staggered truss system?Why staggered truss system?

Provides large column free open space on first Provides large column free open space on first floorfloor

Provides an open floor layout for hotel rooms Provides an open floor layout for hotel rooms on upper floorson upper floors

Provide low floor-to-floor heightProvide low floor-to-floor height Highly efficient for resistance to lateral loads Highly efficient for resistance to lateral loads

caused by wind and earthquakecaused by wind and earthquake Fast and easy construction (especially useful Fast and easy construction (especially useful

during winter construction)during winter construction) Light systemLight system








Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Staggered Truss System Staggered Truss System

Trusses Trusses Transverse directionTransverse direction Story high trussesStory high trusses Located in demising walls between guests roomsLocated in demising walls between guests rooms Placed on alternating column lines – staggering between Placed on alternating column lines – staggering between

floorsfloors Moment frames Moment frames

Longitudinal directionLongitudinal direction 8” pre-cast hollow core plank floor system8” pre-cast hollow core plank floor system

Connected to truss chords with weld plates & groutedConnected to truss chords with weld plates & grouted Transfers load to trussesTransfers load to trusses

Spread footingsSpread footings AISC Design Guide 14AISC Design Guide 14 ETABSETABS

Slope roof Slope roof Flat roof Flat roof 8” pre-cast hollow core plank8” pre-cast hollow core plank




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign New Building LayoutNew Building Layout

252’ x 74’252’ x 74’ Truss spacing – 28’Truss spacing – 28’ Truss span – 74’Truss span – 74’ 11stst floor height – 13’ floor height – 13’ All other floor-to-floor heights – 10’All other floor-to-floor heights – 10’




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Typical section with staggered truss systemTypical section with staggered truss system

Odd StoryOdd Story Even StoryEven Story




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Typical TrussTypical Truss

Vertical & diagonal members – 6” tube sectionsVertical & diagonal members – 6” tube sections Chords – W 10’sChords – W 10’s Columns – W 12’sColumns – W 12’s

Vierendeel PanelVierendeel PanelWeb Members – HSS shapeWeb Members – HSS shape

Chord members Chord members – W shape– W shape




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Lateral LoadsLateral Loads

Wind Loads (N/S Direction)Wind Loads (N/S Direction)




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Seismic Loads (N/S & E/W Directions)Seismic Loads (N/S & E/W Directions) R = 3.0R = 3.0




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Gravity LoadsGravity Loads

Dead LoadsDead Loads 8” Pre-cast Planks = 65 psf8” Pre-cast Planks = 65 psf Leveling Compound = 5 psfLeveling Compound = 5 psf Structural Steel = 5 psfStructural Steel = 5 psf Green Roof Material = 25 psfGreen Roof Material = 25 psf Partitions = 12 psfPartitions = 12 psf MEP, Misc = 10 psfMEP, Misc = 10 psf Total = 122 psfTotal = 122 psf

Live LoadsLive Loads Corridor/Guest Rooms = 40 psfCorridor/Guest Rooms = 40 psf Mechanical Rooms = 150 psfMechanical Rooms = 150 psf Stairs = 100 psfStairs = 100 psf

Wall LoadsWall Loads 23 psf23 psf




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Load Combinations – IBC 2003Load Combinations – IBC 2003

1.4D1.4D 1.2D + 1.6L1.2D + 1.6L 1.2D + 1.6W + 0.5L1.2D + 1.6W + 0.5L 1.2D + 1.0E + 0.5L1.2D + 1.0E + 0.5L 0.9D + (1.0E or 1.6W)0.9D + (1.0E or 1.6W)




Structural RedesignStructural Redesign Results of designResults of design

8” pre-cast hollow core plank8” pre-cast hollow core plank Truss web members (vertical & diagonal)Truss web members (vertical & diagonal)

HSS 10 x 6HSS 10 x 6 Truss chord membersTruss chord members

Range W 10 x 33 to W 10 x 112Range W 10 x 33 to W 10 x 112 ColumnsColumns

W 12 x 96, W 12 x 106, W 14 x 132W 12 x 96, W 12 x 106, W 14 x 132 FoundationFoundation

Fewer spread footings (20) – possible size Fewer spread footings (20) – possible size reductionreduction

Possibility of using 2 long strip footingsPossibility of using 2 long strip footings








LEED StudyLEED Study Green Roof ImplementationGreen Roof Implementation

Change roof from slope to flatChange roof from slope to flat Pre-cast planks replace cold formed Pre-cast planks replace cold formed

trussestrusses Add vegetated roof to 85% of entire roof Add vegetated roof to 85% of entire roof

area (15,850 Square Feet)area (15,850 Square Feet) LEED creditLEED credit

1 point1 point Criteria – cover at least 50% of entire Criteria – cover at least 50% of entire

roof arearoof area




LEED StudyLEED Study

Section of green roof materialSection of green roof material

Waterproof Membrane/Insulation

Plant Media

Vegetation/Plants

Roof Structure

Drainage Layer & Filter




LEED StudyLEED Study AdvantagesAdvantages

Lengthens roof life by 2 or 3 timesLengthens roof life by 2 or 3 times Lowers noise levelsLowers noise levels Reduces immediate storm water run-offReduces immediate storm water run-off Reduces building cooling & heating cost Reduces building cooling & heating cost Absorbs carbon dioxide & creates Absorbs carbon dioxide & creates

oxygenoxygen Aesthetically pleasingAesthetically pleasing LEED creditLEED credit








Cost ComparisonCost Comparison Structural SystemStructural System

ExistingExisting $1,423,584$1,423,584

New System New System $1,003,043$1,003,043

Savings:$420,541Savings:$420,541

(30%)(30%)








Conclusions/Conclusions/RecommendationsRecommendations Staggered TrussStaggered Truss

Very efficient systemVery efficient system Cost effectiveCost effective Light WeightLight Weight Provides needed open spaceProvides needed open space Marriott StandardsMarriott Standards

Change in strict architectureChange in strict architecture Efficiency of room size – restricted percentageEfficiency of room size – restricted percentage

Small buildingSmall building Green RoofGreen Roof

Advantageous to buildingAdvantageous to building Cost effectiveCost effective Feasible for this buildingFeasible for this building




Thank You!!Thank You!! Kathy Hauser – Baker, Ingram & Kathy Hauser – Baker, Ingram &

AssociatesAssociates Frank McCabe – High HotelsFrank McCabe – High Hotels Jeff Sterner – High ConstructionJeff Sterner – High Construction Greenfield ArchitectsGreenfield Architects AE FacultyAE Faculty My Friends & FamilyMy Friends & Family




Questions??Questions??

Documents

Lancaster, PA Courtyard by Marriott Danielle Shetler - Structural Option Senior Thesis - Spring 2005