Land Reform Monitoring

What can we accomplish?•Provide feedback on the status, impacts on local communities and take actions accordingly•Educate and empower stakeholders in the process

Conceptual Framework

Scope of monitoring• Strategic, given lack of resources • Local, state, national• But regional too:• Agricultural investments transcend

national borders• Value in a regional analysis of land deals• Regional institutions are stakeholders in

land transactions

Monitoring componentsINPUTS

Land Laws, Policies, Public Expenditures

PROCESSESAgrarian Reform programs,

resolution of disputes, formalizing land claims

OUTPUTSLand Titles, Property Rights,

Support Services

OUTCOMESTenure Security, Access to

Land

IMPACTSFood Security, Poverty

Alleviation

Common Regional Indicators

•We focus on outcomes:

After all the agrarian reform laws have been crafted, programs implemented and titles issued, questions remain: are the farmers’ tenure on land more secure? Do they have greater access to their lands?

 

... as well as inputs (budgets and policies).

Land Disputes

• # of people• killed(per 100,000 population)• detained(per 100,000 population)• harassed(per 100,000 population)

• # of cases • received(per 100,000 population)• investigated(per 100,000 population)• adjudicated(per 100,000 population)

• Average time in years for dispute resolution

• Land grabbing • # of cases of land grabbing• Percentage of area of land

grabbed

Additional indicators • Annual loss of time due to

disputes• Monetary loss

Land Disputes: “conflicts arising out of competing interests or when different parties have varying interests on the same parcel of land” (FAO, 2002).

Evictions• Evictions: “the permanent or temporary removal against the

will of individuals, families and/or communities from the homes and/or land which they occupy, without the provision of, and access to, appropriate forms of legal or other protection” (Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights).

• # of households evicted/ displaced from farms (per 100,000 population)

• # of households becoming totally homeless due to eviction

Access to LandOwnership and Landlessness• Land ownership distribution by size • Gini coefficient/bottom-to-top ratio (for analysis)• # and % of landless persons among rural population

Tenancy Rights • # of sharecroppers • % of sharecroppers with legal documents• % of contract farmers’ area in relation to total agricultural area

Mechanisms for land reform monitoring

Adoption of the monitoring framework

Setting up national steering committees and secretariats

Conduct of land reform monitoring

Data validation

Dissemination of reports

The Report • Annually • Focus (2013) : land grab, women,

IPs• Communicating and sharing

results: • with government, IGOs, media, etc. • through policy briefs, blogs, social

media, etc.• mechanisms: forums, dialogue