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EXPOSURE DRAFT EXPOSURE DRAFT Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative—Landfill Biofilters) Methodology Determination 2015 I, Greg Hunt, Minister for the Environment, make the following determination. Dated [Date] Greg Hunt [DRAFT ONLY—NOT FOR SIGNATURE] Minister for the Environment EXPOSURE DRAFT

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Page 1: Landfill Biofilters: Draft determination · Web viewEXPOSURE DRAFT Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative—Landfill Biofilters) Methodology Determination 2015 I, Greg Hunt, Minister

EXPOSURE DRAFT

EXPOSURE DRAFT

Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative—Landfill Biofilters) Methodology Determination 2015

I, Greg Hunt, Minister for the Environment, make the following determination.

Dated [Date]

Greg Hunt [DRAFT ONLY—NOT FOR SIGNATURE]Minister for the Environment

EXPOSURE DRAFT

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EXPOSURE DRAFT

ContentsPart 1 —Preliminary 4

1 Name 42 Commencement 43 Authority 44 Duration 45 Definitions 46 References to factors and parameters from external sources 5

Part 2 —Landfill biofilter projects 67 Landfill biofilter projects 6

Part 3 —Project requirements 78 Operation of this Part 79 Requirements for a landfill biofilter project 710 Additionality requirements 7

Part 4 —Net abatement amount 8Division 1 —Operation of this Part 8

11 Operation of this Part 812 Overview of gases accounted for in abatement calculations 8

Division 2 —Calculating the net abatement amount 813 Summary 814 Net abatement amount (A) 815 Landfill abatement amount (Al) 9

Division 3 —Calculating the gross abatement (AG,l) 916 Summary 917 Gross abatement (AG,l) 918 Methane oxidised by landfill biofilters that was not generated from carbon tax waste

(MBio,NCT,l) 919 Proportion of methane oxidised by landfill biofilters that was not generated from

carbon tax waste (WNCT,l) 1020 Methane generated in year y (MGen,l,y) 1021 Methane oxidised by landfill biofilters (MBio,l) 1122 Methane oxidised by each landfill biofilter (MBio,b,l) 1123 Methane sent to landfill biofilter (MSent,b,h) 1124 Oxidation factor for landfill biofilter (OFb,h) 1225 Oxidation factor determined from methane loading flux (OFMLF,b,h) 1226 Methane loading flux for landfill biofilter (MLFb,h) 1227 Oxidation factor determined from the concentration of methane above landfill biofilter

(OFWS,b,h) 1328 Methane oxidised by landfill biofilters that would have been oxidised near the surface

(MBio,Ox,l) 13

Division 4 —Calculating the baseline abatement 1429 Summary 1430 Baseline abatement (AB,l) 1431 Proportion of methane that would have been destroyed without the project (WB,l) 14

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EXPOSURE DRAFTPart 5 —Reporting and monitoring requirements 15

Division 1 —Offsets report requirements 1532 Operation of this Division 1533 Information that must be included in an offsets report 1534 Determination of certain factors and parameters 16

Division 2 —Monitoring requirements 1635 Operation of this Division 1636 Requirements to monitor certain parameters 1637 Consequences of not meeting requirement to monitor certain parameters 19

Part 6 —Dividing a landfill biofilter project 2138 Partial reporting 21

Schedule 1 —Determining regulatory proportion 22Part 1 —Operation of this Schedule 22

1 Operation of this Schedule 22

Part 2 —Regulatory proportion determined using regulatory guidelines for landfill 23

2 Regulatory proportion determined using regulatory guidelines for landfill 233 Regulatory proportion of methane oxidised 234 Annual amount of methane permitted to be emitted 235 Annual amount of methane permitted to be emitted from final and intermediate cover

area (MReg,FI,l) 236 Annual amount of methane permitted to be emitted from daily/operational cover 24

Part 3 —Regulatory proportion determined by asking environmental regulator 26

7 Regulatory proportion determined by asking environmental regulator 26

Part 4 —Regulatory proportion determined by independent expert 298 Regulatory proportion determined by independent expert 29

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Part 1—Preliminary

1 Name

This is the Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative—Landfill Biofilters) Methodology Determination 2015.

2 Commencement

This determination commences on the day after it is registered.

3 Authority

This determination is made under subsection 106(1) of the Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative) Act 2011.

4 Duration

This determination remains in force for the period that:(a) begins when this instrument commences; and(b) ends on the day before this instrument would otherwise be repealed under

subsection 50(1) of the Legislative Instruments Act 2003.

This determination ceases to be in force at the end of the day before this instrument would otherwise be repealed under subsection 50(1) of the Legislative Instruments Act 2003.

5 Definitions

In this determination:

Act means the Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative) Act 2011.

appropriate measuring requirements has the meaning given by subsection 36(4).

biofiltration system, in relation to a landfill, means a system consisting of pipes that collect landfill gas and conveys it to one or more landfill biofilters.

biofilter media, in relation to a landfill biofilter, is a soil, sand or aged compost like material that has properties designed to harbour an active methanotrophic mircroorganism community.

carbon tax waste, in relation to a landfill, means waste that was deposited in the landfill between 1 July 2012 and 30 June 2014.

daily cover/operational area, in relation to a landfill, means the area of the landfill normally covered by material used to cover a day’s deposition of waste in active landfill waste disposal areas of the landfill.

final cover area, in relation to a landfill, means the area of the landfill normally covered by material used to cover previously active landfill waste disposal areas of the landfill that have reached final height and are unlikely to be used for waste disposal again.

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EXPOSURE DRAFTintermediate cover area¸ of a landfill, means an area of the landfill that:

(a) will not be used for waste disposal for an extended period of time (typically a few weeks to a few months); and

(b) is covered by material normally used to cover previously active landfill working areas.

landfill means a site where waste is or was buried under a permission (however described) given under the law of a State or Territory.

landfill biofilter, in relation to a biofiltration system, means a purpose built section of a landfill that consists of biofilter media.

landfill biofilter project—see section 7.

landfill gas means gas generated from anaerobic decomposition of biological material at a landfill.

landfill gas collection system means a system to collect and combust landfill gas.

methanotrophic microorganisms means single-cell organisms, that use methane and oxygen as their energy source, producing carbon dioxide as a by-product of this methane oxidation process.

monitoring requirements means the requirements set out in section 36.

net abatement amount, of a landfill biofilter project for a reporting period, means the carbon dioxide equivalent net abatement amount for the project in the reporting period for the purposes of paragraph 106(1)(c) of the Act (see also section 11).

NGER (Measurement) Determination means the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008.

NGER Regulations means the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Regulations 2008.

non-monitored period has the meaning given by subsection 37(1).

6 References to factors and parameters from external sources

(1) If a calculation in this determination includes a factor or parameter that is defined or calculated by reference to another instrument or writing, the factor or parameter to be used for a reporting period is the factor or parameter referred to in, or calculated by reference to, the instrument or writing as in force at the end of the reporting period.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply if:(a) this determination specifies otherwise; or(b) it is not possible to define or calculate the factor or parameter by reference to the

instrument or writing as in force at the end of the reporting period.

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Part 2—Landfill biofilter projects

7 Landfill biofilter projects

(1) For paragraph 106(1)(a) of the Act, this determination applies to an offsets project if:(a) it involves the use of one or more biofiltration systems on landfills to collect and

oxidise landfill gas; and(b) each biofiltration system can be reasonably expected to result in eligible carbon

abatement.

(2) A project covered by subsection (1) is a landfill biofilter project.

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Part 3—Project requirements

8 Operation of this Part

For paragraph 106(1)(b) of the Act, this Part sets out requirements that must be met for a landfill biofilter project to be an eligible offsets project.

9 Requirements for a landfill biofilter project

(1) A landfill biofilter project may relate to one or more landfills.

(2) The project must cover the whole of each landfill to which it relates.Note: This subsection prevents a proponent from operating a project only in relation to a selected

portion of a landfill where, for example, gas might be easier to extract.

(3) The project must involve the installation of a biofiltration system at a landfill for the purpose of collecting and oxidising methane in landfill gas.

(4) There must have been no action to deliberately destroy methane in landfill gas at the landfill since the landfill project cut-off date.

(5) For subsection (4), the landfill project cut-off date means the earlier of the following:(a) 24 April 2014; (b) 3 years before the application for the declaration of the project as an eligible offsets

project is made.

(6) For subsection (4), an action to deliberately destroy methane in landfill gas includes using a landfill biofilter, a landfill phytocap or a landfill gas collection system at the landfill.

10 Additionality requirements

For subparagraph 27(4A)(b)(ii) of the Act, a requirement in lieu of the regulatory additionality requirement is that the project is a landfill biofilter project.

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Part 4—Net abatement amount

Division 1—Operation of this Part

11 Operation of this Part

For paragraph 106(1)(c) of the Act, this Part specifies the method for working out the carbon dioxide equivalent net abatement amount for a reporting period for a landfill biofilter project that is an eligible offsets project.Note This is called the net abatement amount in this determination (see section 5).

12 Overview of gases accounted for in abatement calculations

The following table provides an overview of the greenhouse gas abatement and emissions that are relevant to working out the net abatement amount for a landfill biofilter project.

Greenhouse gas abatement and emissionsItem Relevant

calculationEmissions source Greenhouse gas

1 Baseline abatement

Destruction of methane in landfill gas to meet a regulatory requirement

Methane (CH4)

2 Baseline abatement

Destruction of methane in landfill gas by oxidation in the near surface of the landfill

Methane (CH4)

3 Project abatement

Destruction of methane in landfill gas by oxidation using a biofilter

Methane (CH4)

Division 2—Calculating the net abatement amount

13 Summary

The net abatement amount is calculated as the sum of landfill abatement amount for all landfills of the project.

The landfill abatement amount is the gross abatement minus baseline abatement for each landfill.

14 Net abatement amount (A)

The net abatement amount for the landfill biofilter project for the reporting period is worked out using the equation (equation 1):

A=∑l=1

n

A l

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EXPOSURE DRAFTwhere:

A is the net abatement amount for the reporting period in tonnes CO2-e.

n is the number of landfills in the landfill biofilter project over which abatement is measured for the reporting period.

Al is the landfill abatement amount, in tonnes CO2-e, for landfill l of the landfill biofilter project, given by equation 2.

15 Landfill abatement amount (Al)

For equation 1, Al is worked out using the equation (equation 2):

Al=AG, l−AB ,l

where:

AG,l is the gross abatement for landfill l, for the reporting period, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 3.

AB,l is the baseline abatement for landfill l, for the reporting period, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 13.

Division 3—Calculating the gross abatement (AG,l)

16 Summary

Gross abatement is the amount of methane oxidised by the biofilters minus the amount of methane that would have been oxidised in the surface of the landfill.

17 Gross abatement (AG,l)

For equation 1, AG,l is worked out using the equation (equation 3):

AG ,l=M Bio , NCT ,l−M Bio ,Ox ,l

where:

MBio,NCT,l is the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that was not generated from carbon tax waste, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 4.

MBio,Ox,l is the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that was not generated from carbon tax waste and that, without the project, would have been oxidised in the near surface of the landfill, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 12.

18 Methane oxidised by landfill biofilters that was not generated from carbon tax waste (MBio,NCT,l)

For equations 3, 12 and 13, MBio,NCT,l is worked out using the equation (equation 4):

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EXPOSURE DRAFTM Bio , NCT ,l=γ ×W NCT ,l× M Bio ,l

where:

γ is the factor used to convert cubic metres of methane at standard conditions to tonnes of CO2-e worked out using Part 5.2 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination.

WNCT,l is the proportion of the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that was not generated from carbon tax waste, given by equation 5.

MBio,l is the methane that was oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period, in cubic metres, given by equation 6.

19 Proportion of methane oxidised by landfill biofilters that was not generated from carbon tax waste (WNCT,l)

(1) For equation 4, WNCT,l is worked out using the equation (equation 5):

W NCT ,l=∑y=1

n M Bio,l , y

M Bio, l(1−

MCTW , l , y

M Gen,l , y)

where:

n is the number of financial years covered (either full or partial) by the reporting period.Note: The summation of this equation over financial years is to cover circumstances where reporting

periods span financial years.

MBio,l,y is the methane oxidised by all landfill biofilters of landfill l in that part of the reporting period that is in financial year y, in cubic metres, worked out using equation 6 as if it were the whole of the reporting period.

MBio,l is the methane oxidised by all the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period, in cubic metres, given by equation 6.

MCTW,l,y is the methane generated by landfill l from carbon tax waste in financial year y, in tonnes of CO2-e, given by subsection (2).

MGen,l,y is the methane generated by landfill l in financial year y, in tonnes CO2-e, given by section 20.

Methane generated from carbon tax waste in financial year y (MCTW,l,y)

(2) For subsection (1), MCTW,l,y is equivalent to parameter CH4gen calculated:(a) under Part 5.2 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination; and(b) in accordance with the following:

(i) the year y is a financial year that the reporting period partially or fully covers;(ii) the calculation is based only on carbon tax waste.

Note: See section 6 for the version of NGER (Measurement) Determination that must be used.

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EXPOSURE DRAFT20 Methane generated in year y (MGen,l,y)

(1) This section sets out how to calculate MGen,l,y, the methane generated by landfill l in a 12 month period y, in tonnes CO2-e, for the following provisions:

(a) equation 5;(b) equation 15 (clause 3 of Schedule 1);(c) clause 6 of Schedule 1;(d) items 5 and 6 of the table in subclause 7(2) of Schedule 1.

(2) MGen,l,y is equivalent to parameter CH4gen calculated:(a) under Part 5.2 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination; and(b) with methane generation determined for the whole landfill as if it were a single

sub-facility zone.

(3) If the 12 month period covers 2 financial years, CH4gen is calculated by:(a) calculating CH4gen for each financial year covered by the 12 month period; and(b) multiplying the amount of CH4gen for each financial year by the proportion of days

in the financial year covered by the 12 month period; and(c) summing the results.

Note: For equation 5, the 12 month period will always be a single financial year..

21 Methane oxidised by landfill biofilters (MBio,l)

For equation 5, MBio,l is worked out using the equation (equation 6):

M Bio ,l=∑b=1

p

M Bio, b ,l

where:

p is the number of biofilters in landfill l of the landfill biofilter project.

MBio,b,l is the methane oxidised by landfill biofilter b of landfill l during the reporting period, in cubic metres, given by equation 7.

22 Methane oxidised by each landfill biofilter (MBio,b,l)

For equation 6, MBio,b,l is worked out using the equation (equation 7):

M Bio ,b , l=∑h=1

q

( M Sent ,b , h×OF b ,h )

where:

q is the number of hours in the reporting period.

MSent,b,h is the methane sent to landfill biofilter b in hour h, in cubic metres, given by equation 8.

OFb,h is the oxidation factor for landfill biofilter b for hour h, given by equation 9.

23 Methane sent to landfill biofilter (MSent,b,h)

(1) For equations 7 and 11, MSent,b,h is worked out using the equation (equation 8):11

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EXPOSURE DRAFTM Sent , b ,h=QLFG ,b , h× W LFG ,CH 4

where:

QLFG,b,h is the landfill gas sent to landfill biofilter b in hour h, in cubic metres, worked out in accordance with the monitoring requirements.

WLFG,CH4 is the proportion of the volume of the landfill gas that is methane, which is:

(a) set out in section 5.14C of the NGER (Measurement) Determination; or(b) worked out in accordance with the monitoring requirements.

(2) If the monitoring requirements are used to work out WLFG,CH4, then, the monitoring requirements must be used for that purpose for the remainder of the project.

(3) Subsection (2) has effect subject to section 37.

24 Oxidation factor for landfill biofilter (OFb,h)

For equation 7, OFb,h is worked out using the equation (equation 9):

OFb , h=Minimum (OF MLF ,b , h ,OFWS, b ,h )where:

OFMLF,b,h is the oxidation factor for landfill biofilter b determined from the methane loading flux for hour h, given by equation 10.

OFWS,b,h is the oxidation factor determined from the concentration of methane above biofilter b for hour h, given by section 27.

25 Oxidation factor determined from methane loading flux (OFMLF,b,h)

(1) For equation 9, OFMLF,b,h is worked out using the equation (equation 10):

OF MLF ,b , h=85.4 × e(−0.627 × MLF b,h+0.0774 )+ 22.234ln MLFb ,h

where:

MLFb,h is the methane loading flux for landfill biofilter b in hour h, in grams of methane per square metre per hour, given by equation 10.

(2) Despite subsection (1), if MLFb,h is less than 2.8 grams of methane per square meter per hour, OFMLF,b,h is taken to be 1.

26 Methane loading flux for landfill biofilter (MLFb,h)

For equation 9, MLFb,h is worked out using the equation (equation 11):

MLFb ,h=Fm3 → g× M Sent , b ,h

Sb

where:

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EXPOSURE DRAFTFm3 → g is the factor to convert cubic metres of methane to grams of methane, and is 678.4.

MSent,b,h is the methane sent to biofilter b in hour h, in cubic metres, given by equation 8.

Sb is the surface area of biofilter b, in square metres, worked out in accordance with the monitoring requirements.

27 Oxidation factor determined from the concentration of methane above landfill biofilter (OFWS,b,h)

(1) For equation 8, OFWS,b,h is:(a) if the conditions in subsection (2) are satisfied—1;(b) if a condition in subsection (3) is satisfied—0;(c) if a condition in neither subsection (2) or (3) is satsified—0.6.

(2) For paragraph (1)(a), the conditions are that CAv,b,h and CMax,b,h are 0 parts per million.

(3) For paragraph (1)(b), the conditions are: (a) CAv,b,h is greater than 50 parts per million; or (b) CMax,b,h is greater than 500 parts per million.

(4) For subsections (2) and (3):

CAv,b,h is the average concentration of methane near the surface of landfill biofilter b for hour h, and is taken to be:

(a) the most recent value of CAv,b,h that is determined in accordance with the monitoring requirements; or

(b) if the value of CAv,b,h is yet to be determined—the first value of CAv,b,h that is determined in accordance with the monitoring requirements after hour h.

CMax,b,h is the maximum concentration of methane near the surface of landfill biofilter b for hour h, and is taken to be:

(a) the most recent value of CMax,b,h that is determined in accordance with the monitoring requirements; or

(b) if the value of CMax,b,h is yet to be determined—the value of CMax,b,h that is determined in accordance with the monitoring requirements after hour h.

28 Methane oxidised by landfill biofilters that would have been oxidised near the surface (MBio,Ox,l)

For equation 3, MBio,Ox,l is worked out using the equation (equation 12):

M Bio ,Ox ,l=M Bio, NCT , l× OF× (1−W B ,l )

where:

MBio,NCT,l is the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that was not generated from carbon tax waste, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 4.

OF is the oxidation factor for methane near the surface of the landfill set out in the definition of OF in subsection 5.4(1) of the NGER (Measurement) Determination.

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EXPOSURE DRAFTWB,l is the proportion of the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l in the reporting period that would have been destroyed without the project, given by equation 14.

Division 4—Calculating the baseline abatement

29 Summary

Baseline abatement reflects the amount of methane that would have been oxidised in the absence of the project.

30 Baseline abatement (AB,l)

For equation 2, AB,l is worked out using the equation (equation 13):

AB,l=M Bio, NCT , l× W B ,l

where:

MBio,NCT,l is the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that was not generated from carbon tax waste, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 4.

WB,l is the proportion of the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that would have been destroyed without the project, given by equation 14.

31 Proportion of methane that would have been destroyed without the project (WB,l)

(1) For equations 12 and 13, WB,l is worked out using the equation (equation 14):

W B ,l=Maximum (W B, Reg ,l , W B,≝, l )

where:

WB,Reg,l is the regulatory proportion of the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that would have been destroyed without the project, determined in accordance with clause 1 of Schedule 1.

WB,Def,l is the default proportion of the methane oxidised by the landfill biofilters of landfill l during the reporting period that would have been destroyed without the project, and is as follows:

(a) 0% if the project proponent can demonstrate that, since 24 March 2011, the landfill concerned has not been subject to:

(i) legislation or regulatory guidelines for landfill; or(ii) a licence condition or development approval that includes any form of general

or specific qualitative requirement to collect, control, manage or limit landfill gas, methane odour or greenhouse gases;

(b) otherwise—30%.

(2) The value given to WB,l must be the same throughout the crediting period.

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Part 5—Reporting and monitoring requirementsNote: Other reporting, notification, record-keeping and monitoring requirements are set out in regulations and rules made

under the Act.

Division 1—Offsets report requirements

32 Operation of this Division

For paragraph 106(3)(a) of the Act, this Division sets out information that must be included in an offsets report about a landfill biofilter project that is an eligible offsets project.

33 Information that must be included in an offsets report

The offsets report for a reporting period must include:(a) for each landfill that is being reported on for the first time, the following

information:(i) the characteristic of the landfill that is used to select k values for calculations

(its location or its landfill classification);(ii) the year the landfill began operation;

(iii) the opening stock of degradable organic carbon (DOC) for each waste mix type, as at the beginning of the first financial year that falls wholly or partially within the reporting period, estimated in accordance with section 5.13 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination; and

(b) for each landfill being reported on, the following information for the whole of each financial year that ends within the reporting period:

(i) the total amount (in tonnes) of solid waste entering the landfill, estimated in accordance with section 5.5 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination, from each of the following sources:

(A) municipal sources;(B) commercial and industrial sources;(C) construction and demolition sources; (D) alternative waste treatment facilities;(E) shredder flock;(F) inert waste;

(ii) the amount (in tonnes) of solid waste received at the landfill for each of the following purposes:

(A) transfer to an external recycling or biological treatment facility;(B) recycling or biological treatment onsite;(C) construction purposes, daily cover purposes, intermediate cover

purposes or final capping and cover purposes (inert waste only);(iii) the percentages of each waste mix type entering the landfill in each of the

following categories:(A) municipal solid waste;(B) commercial and industrial waste;(C) construction and demolition waste;(D) shredder flock.

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EXPOSURE DRAFT34 Determination of certain factors and parameters

(1) If, in the circumstances described in paragraph 6(2)(b), a factor or parameter is defined or calculated for a reporting period by reference to an instrument or writing as in force from time to time, the offsets report about the project for the reporting period must include the following information for the factor or parameter:

(a) the versions of the instrument or writing used;(b) the start and end dates of each use;(c) the reasons why it was not possible to define or calculate the factor or parameter by

reference to the instrument or writing as in force at the end of the reporting period.

(2) If a parameter is determined under section 37 for the purpose of working out the net abatement amount for a landfill biofilter project for a reporting period, the offsets report about the project for the reporting period must include the following information for the parameter:

(a) the name of the parameter;(b) the start and end dates of the non-monitored period for which the parameter was

determined;(c) the value of the parameter and how that value was calculated;(d) the reasons why the project proponent failed to monitor the parameter as required

by the monitoring requirements.

Division 2—Monitoring requirements

35 Operation of this Division

For paragraph 106(3)(d) of the Act, this Division sets out:(a) requirements to monitor a landfill biofilter project that is an eligible offsets project

(see section 36); and(b) certain consequences if the project proponent fails to monitor the project as

required (see section 37).

36 Requirements to monitor certain parameters

(1) The project proponent for a landfill biofilter project must monitor and determine a parameter set out in an item of the following table in accordance with the instructions in the item.

Monitored parametersItem Parameter Description Unit Measurement

procedure (including frequency as required)

Determination of parameter from measurements

1 QLFG,b,h Landfill gas sent to biofilter b in hour h

Cubic metres

Estimated under Division 2.3.6 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination using measurement criteria AAA in accordance with subsection (2).Frequency—

Cumulative values for hour h. For the purpose of equation 8, if WLFG,CH4 is worked out in accordance with monitoring

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EXPOSURE DRAFTMonitored parametersItem Parameter Description Unit Measurement

procedure (including frequency as required)

Determination of parameter from measurements

continuously. requirements, then hour h must be paired to measurements of WLFG,CH4.

2 WLFG,CH4 Proportion of the volume of landfill gas that is methane

Fraction Estimated under Division 2.3.6 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination using measurement criteria AAA in accordance with subsection (2).Frequency:(a) if used in

equation 8— continuously.

(b) otherwise— not required.

Measured at the same conditions as QLFG,b,h

For the purpose of equation 8, average values for a time interval not greater than 1 hour must be paired to measurements of QLFG,b,h for the same time interval.

3 Sb Surface area of biofilter b

Square metres

Either: measured through a

surveyed site plan; or

determined from as-constructed drawing of the biofiltration system; or

determined from design drawing of the biofiltration system endorsed by the biofilter design engineer or consultant.

Frequency - immediately following construction, replacement or upgrade of the biofilter.

For the purpose of equation 11, the most recent measurement of the area of the base of biofilter is used.

4 CAv,b,h andCMax,b,h

CAv,b,h is the average concentration of methane near the surface of biofilter b.

Parts per million

The concentration of methane near the surface of biofilter b must be measured through a walkover survey of the biofilter.

Determine CAv,b,h as the average of all measurements undertaken during the walkover survey.Determine CMax,b,h as the maximum of all

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EXPOSURE DRAFTMonitored parametersItem Parameter Description Unit Measurement

procedure (including frequency as required)

Determination of parameter from measurements

CMax,b,h is the maximum concentration of methane near the surface of biofilter b.

The survey must: measure methane

concentrations using a portable gas measurement device capable of detecting methane to 10 parts per million;

take continuous measurements along even parallel transects that are less than 5 metres wide as well as another set of even parallel transects also less than 5 metres wide, that intersect the first set;

simultaneously record the date, time and geospatial positioning system (GPS) coordinates of the measurement transects.

The survey must not be conducted in conditions in which a flux box measurement must not be taken for the purposes of section 5.17J of the NGER (Measurement) Determination. Frequency—at least monthly.All measuring equipment must be used in accordance with appropriate measuring requirements.

measurements undertaken during the walkover survey.

(2) For items 1 and 2 of the table in subsection (1), an estimation under Division 2.3.6 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination using measurement criteria AAA should be undertaken as if:

(a) a reference to a year is a reference to hour a; and

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EXPOSURE DRAFT(b) a reference to the combustion of a gaseous fuel from the operation of a facility is a

reference to the oxidation of methane by a landfill biofilter; and(c) the measurement of the gaseous fuel is undertaken at the point of sending the fuel

to the landfill biofilter.

(3) Any equipment or device used to monitor a parameter must be calibrated by an accredited third party technician at intervals, and using methods, that are in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.

(4) In this section:

appropriate measuring requirements, in relation to a measurement or estimate, means requirements that are consistent with:

(a) requirements that apply in relation to similar measurements or estimates under the NGER (Measurement) Determination; or

(b) relevant standards and other requirements under the National Measurement Act 1960.

37 Consequences of not meeting requirement to monitor certain parameters

(1) If, during a particular period (the non-monitored period) in a reporting period, a project proponent for a landfill biofilter project fails to monitor a parameter mentioned in the following table as required by the monitoring requirements, the value of the parameter for the purpose of working out the net abatement amount for the reporting period is to be determined for the non-monitored period in accordance with the table.

Consequence of not meeting requirement to monitor certain parametersItem Parameter Determination of parameter for non-monitored

period

1 WLFG,CH4 The parameter is:(a) for any cumulative period of up to 3 months in any

12 months of a crediting period for the project—the amount set out in section 5.14C of the NGER (Measurement) Determination multiplied by 0.9; and

(b) for any period in excess of that 3 months—the amount set out in section 5.14C of the NGER (Measurement) Determination multiplied by 0.5

2 Each of the following:(a) QLFG,b,h

(b) CAv,b,a

(c) CMax,b,a

(d) Sb

The project proponent must make a conservative estimate of the parameter having regard to:(a) any relevant measurement or estimation

approaches or requirements that apply to the parameter under the NGER (Measurement) Determination; and

(b) any relevant historical data for the project; and(c) any other data for the project that relates to the

parameter; and(d) any other matter the project proponent considers

relevant

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EXPOSURE DRAFT(2) To avoid doubt, this section does not prevent the Regulator from taking action under the

Act, or regulations or rules made under the Act, in relation to the project proponent’s failure to monitor a parameter as required by the monitoring requirements.Note: Examples of action that may be taken include the following:

(a) if the failure constitutes a breach of a civil penalty provision in section 194 of the Act (which deals with project monitoring requirements), the Regulator may apply for a civil penalty order in respect of the breach;

(b) if false or misleading information was given to the Regulator in relation to the failure, the Regulator may revoke the project’s section 27 declaration under regulations or rules made for the purposes of section 38 of the Act;

(c) if the giving of false or misleading information in relation to the failure led to the issue of Australian carbon credit units, the Regulator may require all or some of those units to be relinquished under section 88 of the Act.

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Part 6—Dividing a landfill biofilter project

38 Partial reporting

For subsection 77A(2) of the Act, an overall project may be divided into parts only if each part:

(a) relates to a single landfill; and(b) covers the whole landfill.

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EXPOSURE DRAFTSchedule 1—Determining regulatory proportionNote: See section 31.

Part 1—Operation of this Schedule

1 Operation of this Schedule

(1) For equation 14, WB,Reg,l may be determined using an option set out in Parts 2 to 4.

No obligation on State and Territory environmental regulators

(2) To avoid doubt, this Schedule does not require the environmental regulator in a State or Territory to do anything.

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Part 2—Regulatory proportion determined using regulatory guidelines for landfill

2 Regulatory proportion determined using regulatory guidelines for landfill

For clause 1, WB,Reg,l is:(a) for a project located in a State or Territory that has no permitted methane flux rates

set out in the tables in subclauses 5(2) and (3)—0;(b) otherwise—the value may be worked out using equation 15.

3 Regulatory proportion of methane oxidised

For clause 2, WB,Reg,l is worked out using the equation (equation 15 ):

W B , Reg ,l=1−M Reg , l

M Gen, l , y

where:

MReg,l is the annual amount of methane that is permitted to be emitted from landfill l, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 16.

MGen,l,y is the methane generated by landfill l in year y, in tonnes CO2-e, given by section 20, where the period y is the 12 month period immediately before the commencement of the landfill biofilter project.

4 Annual amount of methane permitted to be emitted

For equation 15, MReg,l is worked out using the equation (equation 16):

M Reg ,l=M Reg ,FI , l+M Reg, D , l

where:

MReg,FI,l is the annual amount of methane that is permitted to be emitted from the final cover area and intermediate cover area of landfill l, in tonnes CO2-e, given by equation 17.

MReg,D,l is the annual amount of methane that is permitted to be emitted from the daily/operational cover of landfill l, in tonnes CO2-e, given by clause 6.

5 Annual amount of methane permitted to be emitted from final and intermediate cover area (MReg,FI,l)

(1) For equation 16, MReg,FI is worked using the equation (equation 17):

M Reg ,FI , l=8760× GWPCH4

(1−OF )×∑

x( Sx ×C x)

where:

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EXPOSURE DRAFTOF is the oxidation factor for near surface methane in landfill set out in the definition of OF in subsection 5.4(1) of the NGER (Measurement) Determination.

GWPCH4 is the global warming potential value for methane set out in regulation 2.02 of the NGER (Measurement) Determination.

Sx is the surface area of the landfill that is cover type x, in square metres.

Cx is the permitted methane flux rate for the landfill for cover type x, in tonnes of methane per square metre per hour, set out the applicable table in subsection (2) or (3).

x is the type of landfill cover, being either final cover area or intermediate cover area.

(2) The following table sets out permitted methane flux rates for final cover areas.

Permitted methane flux rates for final cover areas (Cx)Item State or Territory Methane

concentration limit (CH4 ppm)

Permitted methane flux rate estimated from the methane concentration limit (tCH4/m2/hr)

1 New South Wales 500 2.5 x 10-6

2 Victoria 100 0.3 x 10-6

3 Queensland 500 2.5 x 10-6

4 Western Australia 500 2.5 x 10-6

5 South Australia n/a n/a6 Tasmania 500 2.5 x 10-6

7 Australian Capital Territory

100 0.3 x 10-6

8 Northern Territory n/a n/a

(3) The following table sets out permitted methane flux rates for intermediate cover areas.

Permitted methane flux rates for intermediate cover areas (Cx)Item State or Territory Methane

concentration limit (CH4 ppm)

Permitted methane flux rate estimated from the methane concentration limit (tCH4/m2/hr)

1 New South Wales 500 2.5 x 10-6

2 Victoria 100 0.3 x 10-6

3 Queensland 500 2.5 x 10-6

4 Western Australia 500 2.5 x 10-6

5 South Australia n/a n/a6 Tasmania 500 2.5 x 10-6

7 Australian Capital Territory

100 0.3 x 10-6

8 Northern Territory n/a n/a

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EXPOSURE DRAFT6 Annual amount of methane permitted to be emitted from daily/operational cover

For equation 16, MReg,D,l is equivalent to parameter MGen,l,y, in tonnes CO2-e, given by section 19, where:

(a) the calculation is based only on the waste sited vertically below the daily cover/operational area; and

(b) the period y is the 12 month period immediately before the commencement of the landfill biofilter project.

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Part 3—Regulatory proportion determined by asking environmental regulator

7 Regulatory proportion determined by asking environmental regulator

(1) For clause 1, WB,Reg,l may be determined by asking the environmental regulator, in the State or Territory in which the landfill is located, to provide in writing to the project proponent the gas collection rate that would be required for the landfill to meet the most stringent methane concentration limits for the landfill that have been in force since 24 March 2011.

(2) The term used by the environmental regulator to express this quantitative regulatory requirement must be converted to WB,Reg,l in accordance with the following table:

Converting quantitative regulatory requirements to collection efficiencyItem Term used by environmental regulator Conversion to WB,Reg,l

1 Methane concentration limit, in parts per million methane

WB,Reg,l is worked out:(a) using Part 2; but(b) for final and intermediate cover—using

the permitted methane flux rates, set out in the table in subclause (3), that correspond to the concentration limits advised by the environmental regulator

2 Permitted flux rate, in tonnes methane per square meter per hour

WB,Reg,l is worked out:(a) using Part 2; but(b) for the permitted methane flux rate for final cover area and intermediate cover area (Cx)—using the flux rates advised by the environmental regulator

3 Proportion of landfill gas generation required to be collected (collection efficiency)

No conversion necessary (WB,Reg,l is as advised by the environmental regulator)

4 Proportion of landfill gas generation allowed to be released to the atmosphere

WB,Reg,l is worked out as 1 minus the proportion advised by the environmental regulator

5 Annual amount of landfill gas required to be collected

WB,Reg,l is worked out as the amount advised by the environmental regulator, in tonnes CO2-e, divided by the methane generated by the landfill in the 12 month period immediately before the advice is given by the environmental regulator, in tonnes CO2-e, which is equivalent to MGen,l,y, given by section 20, for that period.

6 Other WB,Reg,l is worked out as the annual amount of landfill gas required to be collected, in tonnes CO2-e, determined from the requirement advised by the environmental regulator, divided by the methane generated

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EXPOSURE DRAFTConverting quantitative regulatory requirements to collection efficiencyItem Term used by environmental regulator Conversion to WB,Reg,l

by the landfill in the 12 month period immediately before the advice is given by the environmental regulator, in tonnes CO2-e, which is equivalent to MGen,l,y, given by section 20, for that period.

(3) The following table sets out allowable flux rates for the purposes of item 1 in the table in subclause (2).

Determining allowable flux rates from allowable methane concentrationsItem Methane concentration

limit (CH4 ppm)Permitted methane flux rate estimated from the methane concentration limit (tCH4/m2/hr)

1 0 02 50 0.1 x 10-6

3 60 0.1 x 10-6

4 70 0.2 x 10-6

5 80 0.2 x 10-6

6 90 0.2 x 10-6

7 100 0.3 x 10-6

8 110 0.3 x 10-6

9 120 0.4 x 10-6

10 130 0.4 x 10-6

11 140 0.5 x 10-6

12 150 0.6 x 10-6

13 160 0.6 x 10-6

14 170 0.7 x 10-6

15 180 0.7 x 10-6

16 190 0.8 x 10-6

17 200 0.8 x 10-6

18 210 0.9 x 10-6

19 220 0.9 x 10-6

20 230 1.0 x 10-6

21 240 1.0 x 10-6

22 250 1.0 x 10-6

23 260 1.1 x 10-6

24 270 1.2 x 10-6

25 280 1.3 x 10-6

26 290 1.3 x 10-6

27 300 1.3 x 10-6

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EXPOSURE DRAFTDetermining allowable flux rates from allowable methane concentrationsItem Methane concentration

limit (CH4 ppm)Permitted methane flux rate estimated from the methane concentration limit (tCH4/m2/hr)

28 310 1.3 x 10-6

29 320 1.4 x 10-6

30 330 1.4 x 10-6

31 340 1.5 x 10-6

32 350 1.6 x 10-6

33 360 1.6 x 10-6

34 370 1.8 x 10-6

35 380 1.8 x 10-6

36 390 1.8 x 10-6

37 400 1.9 x 10-6

38 410 1.9 x 10-6

39 420 2.0 x 10-6

40 430 2.0 x 10-6

41 440 2.0 x 10-6

42 450 2.2 x 10-6

43 460 2.2 x 10-6

44 470 2.2 x 10-6

45 480 2.3 x 10-6

46 490 2.3 x 10-6

47 500 2.5 x 10-6

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Part 4—Regulatory proportion determined by independent expert

8 Regulatory proportion determined by independent expert

(1) WB,Reg,l may be determined by a person engaged by the project proponent to determine the parameter.

(2) The person must:(a) have no conflict of interest in determining WB,Reg; and(b) possess a relevant university degree; and(c) have more than 3 years’ experience in:

(i) landfill management; and(ii) the design and operation of landfill gas collection systems; and

(d) have extensive knowledge of the regulatory framework relevant to landfill gas management in the jurisdiction in which the landfill is located.

(3) In determining WB,Reg, the person must use the most stringent methane concentration limits for the landfill that have been in force since 24 March 2011.

(4) The person must provide to the project proponent, in writing, evidence that verifies:(a) the matters in paragraphs (2)(a) to (d); and(b) the calculations, assumptions, information, inputs and references used to determine

WB,Reg.

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