Languages Other Than English · Figure 4.7 Secondary LOTE enrolments, six most widely studied languages, 2003–2009.....50 Figure 4.8 Secondary LOTE enrolments by gender and year

Languages Other Than English in Victorian government

schools 2009

Published by

LOTE Unit

Student Learning Division

Office for Government School Education

Department of Education and Early Childhood

Development

Melbourne

October 2010

© State of Victoria (Department of Education

and Early Childhood Development) 2010

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ISBN: 978-0-7594-0617-9

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Preface

In 2009, the Victorian Government continued its strong commitment to supporting and extending

the teaching of languages other than English (LOTE) in Victorian government primary schools and

secondary colleges. The data in this publication is based on responses from primary schools and

secondary colleges to a web-based survey conducted between August and October 2009. The data

provides a comprehensive picture of the provision of languages education at that time in Victoria.

The provision of languages education is a matter of careful planning and coordination between the

various providers including mainstream government primary schools and secondary colleges, the

Victorian School of Languages (VSL) and community languages schools. This report focuses on

the provision of languages through mainstream government primary schools and secondary

colleges and the VSL. Programs conducted outside regular school hours by community languages

schools have not been analysed in this report.

Eighteen languages were taught in government primary schools in 2009, 17 in secondary colleges

and 48 through the VSL, representing 52 languages in total. In government primary schools and

secondary colleges, there was a total 306,923 enrolments in languages, with a further 15,067

primary and secondary level enrolments in the VSL. The Distance Education Section of the VSL

provided courses in ten languages and accounted for 18.9% of secondary level enrolments at the

VSL.

Italian, Japanese, Indonesian, French, German, Chinese (Mandarin), Auslan and Greek were the

most widely taught languages across all government primary schools and secondary colleges.

However, at the VSL, community languages were of greater significance. The eight most widely

studied languages at the VSL were Chinese (Mandarin), Vietnamese, Turkish, Greek, Japanese,

French, Arabic and Spanish. With 52 languages accessible through government primary schools

and secondary colleges and the VSL, the Department of Education and Early Childhood

Development (DEECD) hopes to maintain a breadth of high quality programs and languages

offerings in Victoria.

List of Tables

Table 1.1 Total enrolments in languages, government primary schools and secondary

colleges, and the VSL, 2009 ................................................................................................ 14

Table 1.2 Number of primary schools and secondary colleges by languages offered,

2009 ..................................................................................................................................... 16

Table 1.3 Enrolment trends in Italian, 2004–2009 ............................................................................... 18

Table 1.4 Enrolment trends in Japanese, 2004–2009.......................................................................... 18

Table 1.5 Enrolment trends in Indonesian, 2004–2009 ....................................................................... 19

Table 1.6 Enrolment trends in French, 2004–2009 .............................................................................. 19

Table 1.7 Enrolment trends in German, 2004–2009 ............................................................................ 20

Table 1.8 Enrolment trends in Chinese (Mandarin), 2004–2009. ......................................................... 20

Table 1.9 Enrolment trends in Auslan, 2004–2009 .............................................................................. 21

Table 1.10 Enrolment trends in Spanish, 2004–2009. ........................................................................... 21

Table 1.11 Enrolment trends in Korean, 2004–2009. ............................................................................ 22

Table 1.12 Enrolment trends in Greek, 2004–2009 ............................................................................... 23

Table 1.13 Enrolment trends in Vietnamese, 2004–2009 ...................................................................... 23

Table 1.14 Enrolment trends in Turkish, 2004–2009 ............................................................................. 23

Table 1.15 Enrolment trends in Arabic, 2004–2009 ............................................................................... 23

Table 3.1 Number and percentage of primary schools with languages programs by year

level, 2003–2009 .................................................................................................................. 30

Table 3.2 Number and percentage of primary schools offering each language, 2009 ......................... 31

Table 3.3 Primary LOTE students by year level and as a percentage of total student

population, 2003–2009. ....................................................................................................... 32

Table 3.4 Primary LOTE enrolments by language and year level, 2009. ............................................. 35

Table 3.5 Primary LOTE enrolments by language and program type, 2009 ........................................ 39

Table 3.6 LOTE enrolments in primary schools by method of provision and LOTE, 2009. .................. 39

Table 3.7 LOTE enrolments by language and target group, 2009 ....................................................... 40

Table 3.8 Primary schools providing languages programs by region, 2008 and 2009. ........................ 42

Table 3.9 Primary enrolments by language and region, 2009. ............................................................. 42

Table 4.1 Number and percentage of secondary colleges offering each language, 2009.................... 45

Table 4.2 Compulsory LOTE study by year level (Years 7 to 10), 2006–2009 .................................... 46

Table 4.3 Government secondary LOTE student numbers by year level, 2006–2009. ........................ 48

Table 4.4 Secondary LOTE enrolments by language and year level, 2009 ......................................... 49

Table 4.5 Secondary LOTE enrolments, selected languages at Years 7 and 12, 2009. ...................... 51

Table 4.6 Secondary LOTE enrolments by gender and language, 2009 ............................................. 53

Table 4.7 Student enrolments (government colleges) by language, Year 12 graduating

classes of 2007–2009 (based on VCE unit 4 enrolments) ................................................... 54

Table 4.8 Graduating class of 2009 (government colleges): Number of students who

completed a VCE Unit 4 language course by year Unit 4 was undertaken .......................... 56

Table 4.9 Year 11 and 12 enrolments at secondary colleges and the VSL, 2007–2009. ..................... 58

Table 4.10 Secondary LOTE enrolments by language and program type, 2009 ................................... 60

Table 4.11 Secondary LOTE enrolments by language and target group, 2009 ..................................... 61

Table 4.12 Secondary LOTE enrolments by metropolitan and country regions by year

level, 2009............................................................................................................................ 62

Table 4.13 Secondary LOTE enrolments by region and language, 2009 .............................................. 63

Table 5.1 LOTE teachers by gender and language, 2009 ................................................................... 66

Table 6.1 Designated bilingual programs, 2009. .................................................................................. 70

Table 7.1 VSL enrolments by language and year level, 2009. ............................................................ 73

Table 7.2 Primary school VSL enrolments by language, 2009 ............................................................ 77

Table 7.3 Secondary VSL LOTE enrolments by language, all education sectors, 2009 ...................... 78

Table 7.4 Student enrolments in distance education by language and year level, 2009 ...................... 79

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Number and percentage of primary schools providing a LOTE program,

2003–2009 ........................................................................................................................... 10

Figure 1.2 Number of primary schools offering the eight most widely studied languages,

2003–2009. .......................................................................................................................... 11

Figure 1.3 Number and percentage of secondary colleges providing a languages

program, 2003–2009 ............................................................................................................ 12

Figure 1.4 Total enrolments in six most widely studied languages, 2003–2009.................................... 16

Figure 3.1 Percentage of primary schools providing languages programs by year level,

2003–2009 ........................................................................................................................... 29

Figure 3.2 Sequences of languages programs in primary schools, 2009. ............................................. 30

Figure 3.3 Primary LOTE enrolments by year level, 2003–2009. .......................................................... 32

Figure 3.4 Percentage of primary school students studying a LOTE, 2003–2009 ................................ 33

Figure 3.5 Primary LOTE enrolments for the six most studied languages, 2003–2009 ........................ 36

Figure 3.6 Primary LOTE enrolments, 2009 .......................................................................................... 36

Figure 3.7 Primary languages programs by minutes of LOTE study per week, 2009 ........................... 37

Figure 3.8 Average minutes of LOTE study per week, 2003–2009. ...................................................... 37

Figure 3.9 Primary LOTE enrolments by program type, 2003–2009. .................................................... 38

Figure 3.10 Percentage of primary schools providing a LOTE by region, 2007–2009. ........................... 41

Figure 3.11 Primary LOTE enrolments through ICT, 2003–2009. ........................................................... 43

Figure 4.1 Percentage of secondary colleges providing languages programs by year

level, 2003–2009. ................................................................................................................. 44

Figure 4.2 Sequences of languages programs in secondary colleges, 2008–2009 .............................. 45

Figure 4.3 Percentage of secondary colleges (amongst those offering a LOTE) where a

LOTE is compulsory by year level, 2003, 2005–9. ............................................................... 46

Figure 4.4 Percentage of students studying a LOTE by year level, 2004–2009 .................................... 47

Figure 4.5 Percentage of secondary college students studying a LOTE, 2003–2009. .......................... 48

Figure 4.6 Secondary LOTE enrolments, 2009 ..................................................................................... 50

Figure 4.7 Secondary LOTE enrolments, six most widely studied languages, 2003–2009. .................. 50

Figure 4.8 Secondary LOTE enrolments by gender and year level, 2009. ............................................ 52

Figure 4.9 LOTE enrolments at Years 11 and 12 by regional or metropolitan regions,

2003–2009. .......................................................................................................................... 58

Figure 4.10 Average minutes per week for languages programs by year level, 2003–2009. .................. 59

Figure 4.11 Secondary LOTE enrolments by program type, 2003–2009 ................................................ 60

Figure 4.12 Secondary LOTE enrolments in metropolitan and country regions by year

level, 2009............................................................................................................................ 62

Figure 5.1 Primary school and secondary college LOTE teachers, 2003–2009 .................................... 64

Figure 5.2 LOTE teachers by gender and language (languages of larger candidature),

2009 ..................................................................................................................................... 65

Figure 5.3 LOTE teachers by gender and language (languages of smaller candidature),

2009 ..................................................................................................................................... 66

Figure 5.4 LOTE teachers by qualification level, 2009. ......................................................................... 67

Figure 5.5 Percentage of teachers fully qualified, primary and secondary levels, 2004–

2009 ..................................................................................................................................... 68

Figure 5.6 Hours spent teaching LOTE each week, primary and secondary levels, 2009 .................... 68

Figure 7.1 Enrolments at the VSL, 2003–2009 ..................................................................................... 71

Figure 7.2 Enrolments at the VSL, by sector, 2009 ............................................................................... 75

Figure 7.3 Enrolments at the VSL by sector and language (eight most widely studied),

2009 ..................................................................................................................................... 76

Figure 7.4 Enrolments at the VSL by sector and language (eight most widely studied),

Years 11 and 12 enrolments, 2009 ...................................................................................... 76

Figure 7.5 Student enrolments in Distance Education (six most studied languages),

2005–2009 ........................................................................................................................... 80

Table of Contents Preface .................................................................................................................. 3

List of Tables ......................................................................................................... 4

List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 6

Table of Contents .................................................................................................. 8

Section 1: Overview of the Study of Languages Other Than English in 2009 ......... 10

Trends in Languages Other Than English ........................................................... 10

Primary Languages Programs ............................................................................. 10

Secondary Languages Programs ........................................................................ 12

Aggregate Figures for Enrolments in Languages Programs in 2009 ................... 14

Language Profiles ............................................................................................... 18

Trend Tables for Other Widely Studied Languages, 2009 ................................... 23

Section 2: Summary of Findings ................................................................................. 24

Primary Schools .................................................................................................. 24

Secondary Colleges ............................................................................................ 26

Teachers of Languages ....................................................................................... 28

Victorian School of Languages ............................................................................ 28

Section 3: Primary Schools ......................................................................................... 29

Schools ............................................................................................................... 29

Students .............................................................................................................. 32

Languages Taught .............................................................................................. 34

Contact Time ....................................................................................................... 37

Program Types .................................................................................................... 38

Target Groups ..................................................................................................... 40

Regional Provision of Languages ........................................................................ 41

ICT ...................................................................................................................... 43

Section 4: Secondary Colleges ................................................................................... 44

Colleges .............................................................................................................. 44

Students .............................................................................................................. 47

Languages Taught .............................................................................................. 49

Male/Female Enrolments .................................................................................... 52

Languages Study at the VCE Level ..................................................................... 54

Contact Time ....................................................................................................... 59

Program Types .................................................................................................... 60

Target Groups ..................................................................................................... 61

Regional Provision of Languages ........................................................................ 62

ICT ...................................................................................................................... 63

Section 5: Teachers of Languages in Victorian Government Schools and Colleges64

Section 6: Bilingual Programs in Victorian Government Schools and Colleges .... 69

Section 7: The Victorian School of Languages .......................................................... 71

Distance Education Section of the Victorian School of Languages ..................... 79

Section 8: Appendixes ................................................................................................. 81

Appendix 1: Program Types and Target Groups ....................................................... 81

Appendix 2: List of Languages by Primary Schools, 2009 ....................................... 82

Appendix 3: List of Languages by Secondary Colleges, 2009 ................................. 93

Appendix 4: Primary Schools and Languages Offered, 2009 ................................... 99

Appendix 5: Secondary Colleges and Languages Offered, 2009 ........................... 119

Appendix 6: VSL Centres and Languages Offered, 2009 ........................................ 126

10 Overview 2009: Trends

Section 1: Overview of the Study of Languages Other Than English in 2009

Trends in Languages Other Than English

The following trend analysis reviews language study at the primary and secondary levels in

Victorian government schools and colleges over the last six years. It provides an informative

overview of the current state of language study and highlights the differing patterns of language

study at the primary and secondary levels.

Primary Languages Programs

There has been a continual decline in the number of government primary schools offering

languages programs over the last six years (Figure 1.1), along with a concomitant decline in

student enrolments. The number of schools offering a languages program decreased 23.4%

between 2003 and 2009. This decline has been consistent at all year levels, with the number of

primary schools offering a program at each year level decreasing around 18% between 2003 and

2009 (Figure 3.1).

Concurrently, the number of primary school students studying a language between 2003 and 2009

has also declined from 85.5% to 67.7% of students (Figure 3.4). In student numbers, this

represents a 22.5% decrease in student enrolments, from 267,827 enrolments in 2003 to 207,486

enrolments in 2009.

Figure 1.1 Number and percentage of primary schools providing a LOTE program, 2003–2009

The number of primary schools offering each language has fluctuated between 2003 and 2009,

with some languages faring better than others. As can be seen in Figure 1.2, the number of

primary schools offering Indonesian and Italian has continued to decrease over the last several

years. On the other hand, the number of primary schools offering Chinese (Mandarin) and Auslan

has continued to grow over time. Offerings of French and Greek have fluctuated, while provision of

Japanese and German has decreased slightly in recent years.

1,149(90.3%)

1,105(86.9%)

1,116(87.8%)

1,045(82.9%)

972(77.4%)

947(75.5%)

880(71%)

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Overview 2009: Trends 11

Figure 1.2 Number of primary schools offering the eight most widely studied languages, 2003–2009

An interesting fluctuation can be seen in relation to program type beginning in 2007. Ideally

students study a language through a LOTE program, which focuses on the acquisition of language.

Until 2007, there had been an increasing movement towards the study of language in language

and cultural awareness programs. In these programs, students are introduced to some vocabulary

and aspects of society, language and culture. However, this trend reversed quite dramatically in

2007, with provision of LOTE programs increasing to 61.7% in 2008, only to decline again in 2009

to 55.4% (Figure 3.9).

The amount of time primary schools allocate to language study remains an ongoing issue for the

quality of languages programs. The DEECD Curriculum Planning Guidelines recommend that

students receive 150 minutes of LOTE study per week. In 2009, however, only 1.3% of primary

languages programs ran for 150 minutes or more per week (Figure 3.7).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Italian

Indonesian

Japanese

French

German

Chinese (Mandarin)Auslan

Greek

12 Overview 2009: Trends

Secondary Languages Programs

Languages provision at the secondary level has remained relatively stable over the last four years,

although the percentage of secondary colleges offering languages programs has not returned to

the 2004 high of 96.4% (Figure 1.3).

Figure 1.3 Number and percentage of secondary colleges providing a languages program, 2003–2009

Enrolments in secondary languages programs have fluctuated over the last six years, but continue

to decrease slightly each year, from a high of 53.3% of students in 2003 to 42.4% (94,697

enrolments) in 2009. The largest decrease in enrolments for a number of years has been at the

Years 9 and 10 levels, although the decline at the Year 9 level stabilised in 2009. At the Year 10

level, the percentage of students studying a language declined from 25.7% to 16% between 2003

and 2009 (Figure 4.4).

However, the number of students attending government secondary colleges who complete a

language by the time they graduate has increased substantially over the same time period. This

has been due to a number of variables, including the flexible nature of the Victorian curriculum,

which allows students to undertake and complete language courses prior to enrolling in Year 12,

the availability of language study outside of schools and colleges through the VSL and distance

education and the availability of language study through community languages schools. As a

result, amongst the students who were eligible to graduate from secondary college in 2009, 17.5%

had completed a language course.

Another positive indicator in relation to language study has been the slow but steady increase in

the percentage of males studying a language through to the Year 12 level. While a roughly equal

number of males and females study languages at Years 7 and 8, the number of males studying

languages drops dramatically from Year 9 onwards, with students who continue language study

through to Year 12 being predominantly female. However, the percentage of males enrolled in

Year 12 who study a language has increased from 30.0% in 2002 to 38.7% in 2009 (Figure 4.8).

289(94.1%)

298(96.4%)

284(91.3%)

289(92.9%)

272(88.3%)

273(89.2%)

275(87.6%)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Overview 2009: Trends 13

When looking at enrolment changes for specific languages, the six most widely studied languages

in government secondary colleges have all experienced rising and falling enrolments between

2003 and 2009. Enrolments in Indonesian and Italian have steadily declined, although enrolments

in Italian recovered slightly in 2009 (Figure 4.7). French and Japanese, while still the two most

widely studied languages, have also experienced some fluctuations in enrolments. German has

maintained enrolments in recent years, while Chinese (Mandarin) continues to grow in popularity.

Overall, the six most widely studied languages were French, Japanese, Italian, Indonesian,

German and Chinese (Mandarin).

Trends in program type at the secondary level continue to move in a positive direction every year.

Languages programs that focus on the target language, rather than on a general language and

cultural experience, continue to form the majority of programs, up from 95.3% in 2003 to 98% in

2009. Only 2.0% of programs in secondary colleges are language and cultural awareness

programs (Table 4.9).

14 Overview 2009: Summary tables and charts

Aggregate Figures for Enrolments in Languages Programs in 2009

Table 1.1 provides a summary of enrolments in government primary schools and secondary

colleges, including all enrolments at the VSL (including distance education), for 2009. At the

secondary level, students studying more than one language through taster programs are counted

for each language they are enrolled in. Hence, this table represents student enrolments, not the

number of students studying a language.

Note that the names of individual Aboriginal Languages, including Kirrae Wurrung and Wergaia,

have been collected under the category of ‘Aboriginal Languages’ in the 2009 report.

Table 1.1 Total enrolments in languages, government primary schools and

secondary colleges, and the VSL, 2009

Primary Primary

VSL Primary

total Second.

Second. VSL

Second. total

Total enrol.

%*

Italian 58,984 132 59,116 18,842 481 19,323 78,439 24.4

Japanese 41,798 55 41,853 19,050 717 19,767 61,620 19.2

Indonesian 43,186 8 43,194 17,849 326 18,175 61,369 19.1

French 17,785 93 17,878 19,673 608 20,281 38,159 11.9

German 15,555 56 15,611 13,833 388 14,221 29,832 9.3

Chinese (Mandarin)

12,333 1,230 13,563 4,726 1,441 6,167 19,730 6.1

Auslan 9,282 0 9,282 577 5 582 9,864 3.1

Greek 3,026 655 3,681 915 216 1,131 4,812 1.5

Spanish 1,819 206 2,025 1,280 408 1,688 3,713 1.2

Vietnamese 898 1,042 1,940 431 1,014 1,445 3,385 1.1

Turkish 1,202 486 1,688 221 435 656 2,344 0.7

Arabic 928 354 1,282 356 334 690 1,972 0.6

Macedonian 123 240 363 241 237 478 841 0.3

Karen 620 95 715 0 77 77 792 0.2

Korean 375 75 450 0 206 206 656 0.2

Sinhala 0 272 272 0 161 161 433 0.1

Latin 0 0 0 301 114 415 415 0.1

Croatian 0 192 192 0 196 196 388 0.1

Dari 0 207 207 0 127 127 334 0.1

Punjabi 0 201 201 0 133 133 334 0.1

Aboriginal Languages

186 7 193 77 0 77 270 0.1

Maori 251 0 251 0 0 0 251 0.1

Hindi 0 137 137 0 109 109 246 0.1

Khmer 0 98 98 49 87 136 234 0.1

Bosnian 0 91 91 0 113 113 204 0.1

Polish 0 41 41 0 162 162 203 0.1

Persian 0 40 40 0 112 112 152 <0.1

Serbian 0 40 40 0 74 74 114 <0.1

Dinka 0 59 59 0 45 45 104 <0.1

Russian 0 35 35 0 47 47 82 <0.1

Classical Greek

0 0 0 78 0 78 78 <0.1

Overview 2009: Summary tables and charts 15

Primary Primary

VSL Primary

total Second.

Second. VSL

Second. total

Total enrol.

%*

Portuguese 0 36 36 0 39 39 75 <0.1

Afrikaans 73 0 73 0 0 0 73 <0.1

Hebrew 0 32 32 0 40 40 72 <0.1

Dutch 0 31 31 0 25 25 56 <0.1

Filipino 0 15 15 0 35 35 50 <0.1

Maltese 0 30 30 0 17 17 47 <0.1

Albanian 0 22 22 0 18 18 40 <0.1

Hungarian 0 11 11 0 20 20 31 <0.1

Pushto 0 17 17 0 4 4 21 <0.1

Tigrinya 0 16 16 0 5 5 21 <0.1

Chinese (Cantonese)

0 18 18 0 2 2 20 <0.1

Bengali 0 14 14 0 4 4 18 <0.1

Romanian 0 0 0 0 16 16 16 <0.1

Somali 0 8 8 0 7 7 15 <0.1

Syriac 0 11 11 0 2 2 13 <0.1

Amharic 0 8 8 0 5 5 13 <0.1

Lithuanian 0 7 7 0 6 6 13 <0.1

Swahili 0 8 8 0 2 2 10 <0.1

Bulgarian 0 5 5 0 3 3 8 <0.1

Tamil 0 4 4 0 4 4 8 <0.1

Total 208,424 6,440 214,864 98,499 8,627 107,126 321,990 100

*As a percentage of LOTE enrolments.

Figure 1.4, following, details trends in the six most studied languages between 2003 and 2009.

This figure includes enrolments at the primary and secondary levels, as well as all enrolments at

the VSL (including enrolments through distance education). The most noticeable trend in primary

schools and secondary colleges has been the decline of Indonesian, Italian and Japanese, with

Indonesian moving from the second to the third most studied language in 2009. Enrolments in

French have remained stable, while Chinese (Mandarin) continues to grow in popularity.

Enrolments in German have declined only slightly in recent years (Figure 1.4).

16 Overview 2009: Summary tables and charts

Figure 1.4 Total enrolments in six most widely studied languages, 2003–2009

Note that these enrolments include government primary school and secondary college students - mainstream

schools and the VSL, including distance education.

Table 1.2 provides an outline of the number of Victorian government primary schools and

secondary colleges offering each language in 2009. While Indonesian is only the third most studied

language in terms of student enrolments, it is still taught at the largest number of primary schools

and secondary colleges, although only one more school in total than Italian.

Table 1.2 Number of primary schools and secondary colleges by languages offered,

2009

Primary schools Secondary colleges Total

Indonesian 205 98 303

Italian 224 78 302

Japanese 182 91 273

French 105 83 188

German 79 64 143

Chinese (Mandarin) 51 40 91

Auslan 43 5 48

Greek 16 9 25

Spanish 14 5 19

Vietnamese 7 7 14

Arabic 8 5 13

Turkish 7 1 8

Macedonian 2 4 6

Aboriginal Languages 3 2 5

Latin 0 2 2

Karen 2 0 2

Maori 2 0 2

Afrikaans 1 0 1

Korean 1 0 1

Khmer 0 1 1

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Indonesian

Italian

Japanese

French

German

Chinese (Mandarin)

Overview 2009: Summary tables and charts 17

Classical Greek 0 1 1

18 Overview 2009: Language profiles

Language Profiles

Italian Italian was the most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 78,439 enrolments across

government primary schools and secondary colleges and the Victorian School of Languages

(including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.3). It was also the most popular

language at the primary level, offered in 25.4% of the primary schools with languages programs (or

18.1% of all primary schools). At the secondary level, it was the third most popular language,

offered at 28.2% of the secondary colleges with languages programs (or 24.8% of all secondary

colleges). Italian was studied at 10 VSL centres in both regional and metropolitan areas. In 2009,

220 students who graduated from secondary college had completed Italian study through to the

Year 12 level. However, enrolments in Italian have been decreasing over the last six years,

declining 20.4% overall, but most notably at the primary level where enrolments have shrunk

23.1%. Enrolments at the secondary level were stable between 2008 and 2009.

Italian was taught by 353 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges.

Table 1.3 Enrolment trends in Italian, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 76,703 75,419 71,560 66,948 60,703 58,984

VSL primary 64 71 75 49 184 132

Secondary colleges 21,598 21,319 21,505 21,873 18,836 18,842

VSL secondary 213 235 212 209 522 481

Total 98,578 97,044 93,352 89,079 80,245 78,439

Japanese Japanese was the second most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 61,620 enrolments in

government primary schools and secondary colleges, and the Victorian School of Languages

(including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.4). It was the third most studied


14.8% of all primary schools). At the secondary level, it was the second most popular language,

studied at 33% of the secondary colleges offering a languages program (or 29% of all secondary

colleges). Japanese was studied at seven VSL centres in both regional and metropolitan areas. In

2009, 588 students who graduated from secondary college had completed Japanese study through

to the Year 12 level. Enrolments in Japanese have remained stable at the secondary level but

decreased 26.1% between 2004 and 2009, at the primary level. Overall enrolments have

decreased 20.2% over the last six years.

Japanese was taught by 323 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges.

Table 1.4 Enrolment trends in Japanese, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 56,550 55,654 48,347 46,193 45,395 41,798

VSL primary 33 25 21 32 57 55


VSL secondary 457 413 435 410 763 717

Total 77,185 76,484 68,930 65,497 66,362 61,620

Overview 2009: Language Profiles 19

Indonesian Indonesian was the third most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 61,369 enrolments in

government primary schools and secondary colleges and the Victorian School of Languages

(including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.5). It was the second most studied


16.9% of all primary schools). At the secondary level, it was the fourth most popular language but

studied at the largest number of secondary colleges, comprising 35.9% of those offering a

languages program (or 31.5% of all secondary colleges). Indonesian was studied at two VSL

centres in both regional and metropolitan areas. In 2009, 351 students who graduated from

secondary college had completed Indonesian study through to the Year 12 level. However,

enrolments in Indonesian have been decreasing over the last six years, declining 36.5% overall,

with significant decreases at both the primary (38.6%) and secondary (31.6%) levels.

Indonesian was taught by 366 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges.

Table 1.5 Enrolment trends in Indonesian, 2004–2009.

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 70,354 67,705 61,513 51,141 48,076 43,186

VSL primary 8 6 3 1 5 8


VSL secondary 239 217 252 245 390 326

Total 96,700 91,896 83,596 71,538 66,905 61,369

French French was the fourth most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 38,159 enrolments in


(including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.6). It was the fourth most studied


14.8% of all primary schools). The language remains extremely popular at the secondary level,

where it was the most studied language in 2009 and offered at 29.7% of the secondary colleges

with languages programs (or 26.1% of all secondary colleges). French was studied at eight VSL

centres in both regional and metropolitan areas. In 2009, 535 students who graduated secondary

college had completed French study through to the Year 12 level. While enrolments at the

secondary level have declined 14% between 2004 and 2009, its popularity has continued to grow

at the primary level, with primary enrolments increasing 1.6% over the same time period.

French was taught by 278 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges.

Table 1.6 Enrolment trends in French, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 17,502 19,157 17,644 17,614 17,852 17,785

VSL primary 35 35 37 27 85 93


VSL secondary 255 348 368 322 656 608

Total 40,673 41,344 39,814 38,315 39,375 38,159


German German was the fifth most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 29,832 enrolments in


(including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.7). It was the fifth most popular

language at both the primary and secondary level and offered at 9% of the primary schools with

languages programs (or 6.4% of all primary schools) and 23.2% of the secondary colleges which

had languages programs (or 20.4% of all secondary colleges). German was studied at nine VSL

centres in both regional and metropolitan areas. In 2009, 360 students who graduated from

secondary college had completed German study through to the Year 12 level. Enrolments in

German have decreased at the primary (29.6%) and secondary levels (16.3%) over the last six

years but remained relatively stable between 2007 and 2009. In fact, enrolments increased slightly,

by 2.7% at the secondary level between 2008 and 2009.

German was taught by 212 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges.

Table 1.7 Enrolment trends in German, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 22,084 20,704 18,628 16,802 16,760 15,555

VSL primary 39 40 32 26 66 56


VSL secondary 267 294 241 268 372 388

Total 38,924 37,225 34,665 30,916 30,666 29,832

Chinese (Mandarin) Chinese (Mandarin) was the sixth most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 19,730

enrolments in government primary schools and secondary colleges, and the Victorian School of

Languages (including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.8). It was the sixth most

studied language at both the primary level and secondary level, offered in 5.8% of primary schools

(or 4.1% of all primary schools) and 14.1% of secondary colleges with languages programs (or

12.4% of all secondary colleges). Along with Auslan and Spanish, Chinese (Mandarin) has

continued to grow in popularity over the last six years, with enrolments increasing 49.1% at the

primary level and 25.9% at the secondary level. Overall, enrolments have increased 41.8%

between 2004 and 2009. Chinese (Mandarin) was also studied at the largest number of VSL

centres – twenty centres in both regional and metropolitan areas. In 2009, 1,191 students who

graduated secondary college had completed Chinese (Mandarin) study through to the Year 12

level.

Chinese (Mandarin) was taught by 106 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges, a

21.8% increase in the number of teachers between 2008 and 2009.

Table 1.8 Enrolment trends in Chinese (Mandarin), 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 8,270 8,809 8,988 9,163 10,113 12,333

VSL primary 842 913 907 895 1,300 1,230


VSL secondary 1,039 1,065 991 932 1,497 1,441

Total 13,910 14,848 15,007 14,807 17,031 19,730


Auslan Auslan was the seventh most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 9,864 enrolments in


(including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.9). It was the seventh most studied


3.5% of all primary schools). Auslan is less studied at the secondary level, and is the ninth most

studied language, offered in 1.8% of secondary colleges with languages programs (or 1.6% of all

secondary colleges). Along with Chinese (Mandarin) and Spanish, Auslan has continued to grow in

popularity over the last six years, with enrolments increasing 104.6% at the primary level and

41.1% at the secondary level, albeit from a small base, between 2004 and 2009. Overall,

enrolments have almost doubled since 2004. Auslan was introduced at the VSL in 2008 and is

studied at one centre in metropolitan Victoria. In 2009, 52 students who graduated from secondary

college had completed Auslan study through to the Year 12 level.

Auslan was taught by 19 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges.

Table 1.9 Enrolment trends in Auslan, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 4,537 4,776 6,847 7,070 7,469 9,282

VSL primary 0 0 0 0 0 0

Secondary colleges 409 298 277 246 401 577

VSL secondary 10 4 0 0 9 5

Total 4,956 5,078 7,124 7,316 7,879 9,864

Spanish Spanish was the ninth most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 3,713 enrolments in


(including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.10). It was the ninth most studied


1.1% of all primary schools). Spanish is the seventh most popular language at the secondary level,

offered in 1.8% of the secondary colleges with languages programs (or 1.6% of all secondary

colleges). Along with Auslan and Chinese (Mandarin), Spanish has continued to grow in popularity

over the last six years. Enrolments have increased by 13.1% at the primary level and by 121.5% at

the secondary level, albeit from a small base. Overall, enrolments have increased 46.5% between

2004 and 2009. Spanish is also popular at the VSL, offered at 10 VSL centres in both regional and

metropolitan areas in 2009. In 2009, 53 students who graduated from a government secondary

college had completed Spanish study through to the Year 12 level.

Spanish was taught by 12 teachers in primary schools and secondary colleges.

Table 1.10 Enrolment trends in Spanish, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 1,608 1,877 1,479 1,808 1,653 1,819

VSL primary 116 108 101 90 175 206

Secondary colleges 578 523 435 1,083 1,041 1,280

VSL secondary 233 158 132 157 404 408

Total 2,535 2,666 2,147 3,138 3,273 3,713


Korean Korean was the fifteenth most studied language in Victoria in 2009, with 656 students studying the

language through government primary schools and secondary colleges, and the Victorian School

of Languages (including enrolments through distance education) (Table 1.11). It was the fourteenth

most studied language at the primary level, offered in one primary school in 2009. Korean was not

offered at any mainstream secondary college in 2009. Over the last six years, Korean has

struggled to gain popularity in primary schools and secondary colleges, although enrolments have

increased 24.2% at the primary level over this time. Mainstream secondary enrolments have

declined from a peak of 458 students in 2003 to zero in 2008. However, while Korean has

decreased in popularity in Victorian schools and colleges, a majority of students who studied the

language did so through the one VSL centre which offered the language in 2009. Secondary

enrolments in Korean at the VSL in 2009 are more than five times what they were in 2004,

indicating that the VSL plays an important role in providing access to Korean study for the Korean

Australian population in Victoria. As a result, overall enrolments in Korean have actually increased

30.4% between 2004 and 2009.

In 2009, 91 students who graduated from secondary college had completed Korean study through

to the Year 12 level.

There were no qualified teachers of Korean teaching in primary schools or secondary colleges in

2009.

Table 1.11 Enrolment trends in Korean, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 302 305 438 358 365 375

VSL primary 37 41 48 46 55 75


VSL secondary 40 86 97 125 200 206

Total 503 522 674 530 620 656


Trend Tables for Other Widely Studied Languages, 2009

Note that VSL figures include distance education enrolments.

Table 1.12 Enrolment trends in Greek, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 3,293 3,131 3,169 3,104 3,187 3,026

VSL primary 579 570 547 456 664 655


VSL secondary 178 164 192 127 241 216

Total 4,982 4,695 4,781 4,453 4,887 4,812

Table 1.13 Enrolment trends in Vietnamese, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 2,612 2,147 1,638 1,694 1,292 898

VSL primary 626 515 560 510 1,126 1,042


VSL secondary 567 422 585 542 1,030 1,014

Total 4,585 3,873 3,353 3,309 4,119 3,385

Table 1.14 Enrolment trends in Turkish, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 833 248 673 600 583 1,202

VSL primary 685 691 600 537 596 486


VSL secondary 720 657 582 424 559 435

Total 2,502 1,862 2,160 1,866 1,959 2,344

Table 1.15 Enrolment trends in Arabic, 2004–2009

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Primary schools 895 469 535 922 645 928

VSL primary 233 176 288 306 383 354


VSL secondary 256 275 224 157 337 334

Total 1,892 1,469 1,479 1,808 1,785 1,972

24 Primary: Schools

Section 2: Summary of Findings

Primary Schools

Schools Eight hundred and eighty (880) government primary schools provided some form of

languages program in 2009, 71% of the total of 1,240 primary schools1. Across all

schools, language study is most commonly offered at Year 5 (67.6%) and Year 6 (67.9%).

Italian was the most widely taught language across Victorian primary schools, with 224 or

18.1% of all schools offering Italian, followed by Indonesian (205 schools, 16.5%),

Japanese (182 schools, 14.7%), French (105 schools, 8.5%), German (79 schools, 6.4%),

Chinese (Mandarin) (51 schools, 4.1%), Auslan (43 schools, 3.5%) and Greek (16

schools, 1.3%).

Students A total of 207,486 primary students studied a language in 2009, representing 67.7% of

government primary school students. A further 938 enrolments represented students who

studied more than one language through taster programs, bringing the total number of

language enrolments to 208,424. Language study was lowest at the Prep level, where

58.9% of students studied a language, while the highest concentration of students

studying a language was at Years 5 (74.2%) and 6 (74.3%).

Languages taught Eighteen languages were offered in government primary schools in 2009 (excluding VSL

languages). Dutch, Hindi, Khmer and Polish, which were all taught at the primary level in

2008, were not taught at the primary level in 2009.

The eight most widely studied languages in 2009 were Italian (accounting for 28.3% of

enrolments), Indonesian (20.7%), Japanese (20.1%), French (8.5%), German (7.5%),

Chinese (Mandarin) (5.9%), Auslan (4.5%) and Greek (1.5%).

Relative to 2008 figures, notable increases in student enrolments were observed in Auslan

(7,469 to 9,282) and Chinese (Mandarin) (10,113 to 12,333), with enrolments in

Indonesian (48,076 to 43,186) and Japanese (45,395 to 41,798) declining.

Contact time The time spent by primary students on language learning varied considerably according to

the type of program and the resources available to schools. Contact time ranged from 10

minutes to 7.5 hours per week, with an average of 57.1 minutes per week. Only 1.3% of

languages programs provided at least 150 minutes of teaching per week, the

recommended minimum contact time according to the Curriculum Planning Guidelines

(DEECD).

Program type A majority of primary school students, 55.4%, studied a language through LOTE programs

which focused chiefly on language acquisition. Students in language and cultural

awareness programs, which focus chiefly on culture, accounted for 43.6% of primary

school students, with a further 1% of students studying languages in bilingual programs.

1 All schools with primary and secondary enrolments (except special schools and English language schools)

are included in this survey. Multi-campus schools are regarded as one school. Schools offering both primary and secondary levels are included in both primary and secondary analyses as appropriate.

Primary: Schools 25

The most common method of teacher provision for languages programs was through

LOTE staff allocations within schools (92.1%), followed by externally employed/funded

language teachers (4.3%), ICT assisted teaching (2.1%) and the Bilingual Schools Project

initiative (1%).

Target groups The vast majority of students, 91.7%, were in classes primarily targeting second language

learners. Mixed classes, which incorporate students with and without a background in the

target language, increased slightly to 7.5% in 2009, while students in first language

classes represented 0.8% of primary school students.

Regional provision of languages The Eastern Metropolitan Region had the highest level of language provision at the

primary level, with 92.6% of schools offering programs. Provision of languages programs

fell across the board in the other eight educational regions, with the most notable decline

occurring in the Gippsland Region (-13.9%).

ICT The number of primary students studying a language through ICT increased to 4,274 in

2009. ICT was used to deliver programs in Auslan, Chinese (Mandarin), French, German,

Indonesian, Italian and Japanese.

26 Primary: Schools

Secondary Colleges

Colleges In 2009, 275 or 87.6% of the 314 government secondary colleges

2 provided languages

programs at one or more levels.

Of the colleges providing a LOTE course, 49.3% provided a continuous language

sequence from Year 7 to Year 12. A further 9.9% provided a LOTE continuously from

Year 7 to Year 10.

Indonesian was the most widely taught language across Victorian government secondary

colleges, (98 or 31.2% of all secondary colleges offered Indonesian), followed by

Japanese (91 colleges, 29%), French (83 colleges, 26.4%), Italian (78 colleges, 24.8%),

German (64 colleges, 20.4%), Chinese (Mandarin) (40 colleges, 12.7%), Greek (9

colleges, 2.9%) and Vietnamese (7 colleges, 2.2%).

Students A total of 94,697 students studied a language in government secondary colleges in 2009,

representing 42.4% of full-time students at Victorian government colleges. A further 3,802

student enrolments were recorded for students studying a second language (for example,

through taster programs), bringing the total number of student enrolments to 98,499.

Enrolment figures decreased slightly at the Years 7, 8 and 10 levels but were relatively

stable at the other year levels.

Among the students eligible to graduate from VCE in 2009, 17.5% had completed a

language program during their schooling.

Languages taught Seventeen languages were taught in government secondary colleges in 2009. The

languages with highest enrolments were the same as in 2008, namely, French, Japanese,

Italian, Indonesian, German, Chinese (Mandarin), Spanish and Greek.

Male/female enrolments In 2009, male students of languages slightly outnumbered female students in Years 7 and

8, but by Year 12, females accounted for 62.2% of languages students.

Females were most prominent in Arabic (67.7% of enrolments), while males slightly

outnumbered females in a number of other languages, most notably in Aboriginal

Languages and Greek.

Program type Ninety eight percent (98%) of secondary programs were LOTE programs focusing

specifically on the target language, while language and cultural awareness programs

accounted for 2% of programs.

Target groups Ninety three point seven percent (93.7%) of language students were in classes primarily

targeting second language learners. Students in mixed language classes represented

5.5% of enrolments, while 0.9% of students were in classes targeting first language

learners.

2

All schools with primary and secondary enrolments (except special schools and English language schools)

are included in this survey. Multi-campus schools are regarded as one school. Schools offering both primary and secondary levels are included in both primary and secondary analyses as appropriate.

Primary: Schools 27

Contact time The average weekly contact time for languages programs remained similar to 2008 levels,

with Year 7 students studying a language for 143 minutes per week and Year 12 students

studying a language for 235 minutes per week.

In 2009, 64.7% of Year 7 language students and 72.3% of Year 8 language students were

in programs that ran for a minimum of 144 minutes per week. At Years 11 and 12, 93.9%

and 98.1% of language students, respectively, studied for a minimum of 190 minutes per

week.

Regional provision of languages In 2009, 44.8% of students in metropolitan areas studied a language, while the

percentage in regional areas was 37%. The greatest disparity between metropolitan and

regional provision occurred at the Year 9 level where 52.7% of metropolitan students and

24.7% of regional students undertook the study of a language. By the Year l2 level, this

disparity had decreased to 8.8% of metropolitan students and 6.8% of regional students.

Indonesian was the most widely studied language in the regional areas, with 34.2% of

regional students studying the language. Conversely, enrolments in metropolitan regions

were spread over more languages, with Italian the most popular language, at 23.3% of

enrolments.

The Eastern Metropolitan Region had the highest proportion of students studying a

language at 50.8%, while the lowest level of uptake was in the Gippsland Region where

32.6% of students studied a language.

ICT Three hundred and seventy four (374) secondary students studied German, Indonesian,

Italian, Japanese and Spanish through ICT in 2009.

28 Primary: Schools

Teachers of Languages

There were 1,737 language teachers with some level of LOTE qualification teaching in

government primary schools and secondary colleges in 2009. Approximately 340 non-

LOTE qualified teachers were also assisting in or providing languages programs for

students. A further 240 (approx.) LOTE qualified teachers were working in primary schools

and secondary colleges in 2009 in areas other than language teaching, or were on leave.

Teachers of Asian languages represented 46.3% of language teachers, with European

language teachers accounting for 51.9% of teachers. Teachers of Italian comprised the

largest group of teachers of European languages at 20.2% of all teachers, while teachers

of Indonesian comprised the largest group of teachers of Asian languages at 20.9% of all

teachers.

In 2009, 80.8% of language teachers were female. Males represented a slightly higher

percentage of teachers of Asian languages (20.7%) than of European languages (17.8%).

Amongst language teachers, 58.8% were fully qualified, with a three-year post-VCE

tertiary major and LOTE methodology training, a four-year ‘beginners’ tertiary sequence of

language study and LOTE methodology training, or LOTE accreditation. Overall, 66.5% of

language teachers had undertaken a LOTE methodology course.

Seventy one point two (71.2%) of secondary LOTE teachers were employed full time, with

only 38.4% of primary LOTE teachers employed full time. However, the average time

spent teaching LOTE each week was the same at both levels, at 10.6 hours per week.

Victorian School of Languages

Victorian School of Languages (VSL) In 2009, students studied 48 languages across 42 centres (12 in regional areas). Among

the 48 languages offered, 45 were studied at the primary level, while 47 of the languages

were studied at the secondary level. Students were provided with approximately three

hours per week of instruction, mainly on Saturday mornings. Additional languages offered

in 2009 included Latin and an Australian Aboriginal Language (Wergaia).

In 2009, 15,067 students from government, Catholic and independent schools and

colleges, as well as home-schooled students studied through the VSL, a decrease of 6.4%

from 2008 figures. Enrolments totalled 6,440 at the primary level and 8,627 at the

secondary level. These figures include enrolments through distance education.

In 2009, government students accounted for 69.5% of enrolments at the VSL, with

students from Catholic and independent schools and home-schooled students accounting

for the remaining 30.5% of enrolments.

VSL Distance Education Section The Distance Education Section of the VSL offered programs in Arabic, Chinese

(Mandarin), French, German, Greek, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Latin and Spanish in

2009.

There were 1,654 students enrolled in the Distance Education Section, from all

educational sectors, in 2009 (18.9% of secondary level enrolments). Distance Education

enrolments also included 120 students studying a Vocational Education and Training

(VET) language course.

Primary: Schools 29

Section 3: Primary Schools

Schools

In 2009, 1,240 government schools offered primary level education in Victoria, with 880 or 71% of

these schools providing some form of languages program. This figure represents a decrease of 67

schools in comparison to the previous year. The number of students studying a language in 2009

decreased 3.8% from 2008 figures, with enrolments decreasing 22.5% since 2003 (Table 3.3). Of

the 360 primary schools without languages programs, the majority stated that they had been

unable to attract qualified LOTE staff or to sufficiently fund a languages program.

While there are 880 government primary schools offering languages programs, language study is

not necessarily offered at all year levels within each of these schools. As can be seen in Figure 3.1,

language provision is highest at the senior primary levels, from Years 3 to 6 (between 64.6% and

67.9% of students). Provision of languages is lower from Prep to Year 2, although a majority of

primary schools continue to offer a language program at these levels (between 55.6% and 59.1%

of students). Since 2005, there has been a notable decline in enrolments at all year levels, around

18 percentage points across all year levels (Figure 3.1 and Table 3.1).

Figure 3.1 Percentage of primary schools providing languages programs by year level, 2003–2009

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year 6

Year 5

Year 4

Year 3

Year 2

Year 1

Prep

30 Primary: Schools

Table 3.1 Number and percentage of primary schools with languages programs by year level, 2003–2009

Year Prep Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6

2003 978

(77%)

980

(77%)

996

(78%)

1,090

(86%)

1,096

(86%)

1,085

(85%)

1,085

(85%)

2004 984

(77%)

996

(78%)

1,012

(80%)

1,069

(84%)

1,073

(84%)

1,075

(85%)

1,073

(84%)

2005 944

(74.3%)

976

(76.8%)

1,000

(78.7%)

1,070

(84.2%)

1,071

(84.3%)

1,073

(84.4%)

1,073

(84.4%)

2006 872

(69.2%)

908

(72.0%)

918

(72.8%)

994

(78.8%)

1,006

(79.8%)

1,017

(80.7%)

1,017

(80.7%)

2007 785

(62.5%)

812

(64.6%)

835

(66.5%)

907

(72.2%)

925

(73.6%)

944

(75.2%)

935

(74.4%)

2008 747

(59.6%)

779

(62.1%)

795

(63.4%)

863

(68.8%)

871

(69.5%)

910

(72.6%)

912

(72.7%)

2009 689

(55.6%)

718

(57.9%)

733

(59.1%)

801

(64.6%)

811

(65.4%)

838

(67.6%)

842

(67.9%)

Note that in 2009, while there were 880 primary schools (71%) offering a languages program, many

schools did not offer a languages program at all levels. As a result, the percentage of schools

offering a language at each year level was lower than the overall percentage, as can be seen in

Table 3.1.

The percentage of all government primary schools providing a continuous language study

sequence from Prep to Year 6 increased slightly from the 2008 figure of 56.0% to 56.7% in 2009.

Amongst the schools offering a language, 79.5% ran continuous languages programs from Prep to

Year 6, with 7.5% of schools running programs from Years 3 to 6 (Figure 3.2).

Figure 3.2 Sequences of languages programs in primary schools, 2009

Note that ‘Other’ refers to various non-sequential or partial sequences.

79.5%

7.5%

13%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Prep to Year 6

Years 3 to 6

Other

Primary: Schools 31

Government primary schools offered 18 languages in 2009. Of the languages offered in 2008,

Dutch, Hindi, Khmer and Polish were not taught in 2009. The names of individual Aboriginal

Languages have been collected under the category of ‘Aboriginal Languages’ in the 2009 report.

While the six most widely studied languages remained the same in 2009, except for Chinese

(Mandarin), the number of primary schools offering these languages dropped significantly relative to

2008 figures (Table 3.2). Among the languages with smaller enrolments, Auslan, Spanish, Arabic,

Turkish and Karen all experienced an increase in the number of schools offering these languages

(Table 3.2).

Table 3.2 Number and percentage of primary schools offering each language, 2009

Language No. %* Change from 2008

(number of schools)

Italian 224 18.1 -22

Indonesian 205 16.9 -19

Japanese 182 14.8 -17

French 105 8.5 -9

German 79 6.4 -6

Chinese (Mandarin) 51 4.1 +1

Auslan 43 3.5 +5

Greek 16 1.3 -2

Spanish 14 1.1 +6

Arabic 8 0.7 +2

Turkish 7 0.6 +3

Vietnamese 7 0.6 -1

Aboriginal Languages 3 0.2 -3

Karen 2 0.2 +1

Macedonian 2 0.2 -

Maori 2 0.2 -

Afrikaans 1 0.1 -

Korean 1 0.1 -

Note that some schools offered more than one language. *As a percentage of all schools. Note that this is different to previous reports where the percentage was reported against the number of schools offering languages programs.

32 Primary: Students

Students

In 2009, 67.7% or 207,486 students studied a language in government primary schools. A further

938 enrolments represented students who studied more than one language through taster

programs, bringing the total number of language enrolments to 208,424. The percentage of

students studying a language declined from 70.7% in 2008 to 67.7% in 2009, with participation

rates decreasing slightly across all year levels. Comparative enrolment numbers and percentages

for 2003 to 2009, listed by year level, are presented in Table 3.3 and Figure 3.3. Figure 3.4

provides a comparison of total primary LOTE enrolments between 2003 and 2009.

Note that in Figures 3.3 and 3.4 and Table 3.3, students are only counted once. Unless noted

otherwise, all other tables and figures in this report pertain to the number of LOTE enrolments

meaning that students enrolled in ‘taster programs’ are counted twice.

Table 3.3 Primary LOTE students by year level and as a percentage of total

student population, 2003–2009

Year level

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Prep 33,278

(74.7%)

34,237

(77.3%)

33,208

(74.7%)

30,612

(68.9%)

27, 283

(61.8%)

26,607

(60.5%)

26,504

(58.8%)

Year 1 34,660

(78.3%)

35,147

980.2%)

34,082

(77.9%)

31,825

(73%)

28,799

(66.2%)

27,496

(64.1%)

26,905

(61.6%)

Year 2 35,953

(80.6%)

35,716

(80.9%)

34,895

(79.5%)

32,275

(73.8%)

29,979

(69.1%)

28,892

(66.7%)

27,196

(63.1%)

Year 3 40,929

(90.9%)

39,864

(89.6%)

39,161

(88.6%)

36,707

(83.3%)

33,853

(77.3%)

32,298

(73.8%)

30,776

(70.8%)

Year 4 41,553

(91.3%)

40,846

(90.9%)

39,842

(89.1%)

37,168

(84.2%)

34,422

(78.7%)

32,275

(73.9%)

31,452

(71.5%)

Year 5 41,277

(91.2%)

40,392

(89.4%)

40,069

(89.3%)

37,969

(85.1%)

35,637

(81.3%)

34,073

(78.3%)

32,190

(74.2%)

Year 6 40,177

(91.2%)

40,698

(90.3%)

40,344

(89.1%)

38,398

(88%)

35,341

(81.3%)

34,098

(77.7%)

32,463

(74.3%)

Total 267,827

(85.5%)

266,900

(85.6%)

261,601

(84.1%)

244,504

(79.5%)

225,314

(73.6%)

215,739

(70.7%)

207,486

(67.7%)

Figure 3.3 Primary LOTE enrolments by year level, 2003–2009

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year 6

Year 5

Year 4

Year 3

Year 2

Year 1

Prep

Primary: Students 33

Figure 3.4 Percentage of primary school students studying a LOTE, 2003–2009

The total number of primary students (2009 mid-year census, excluding students in special and English language schools) was 306,304.3 (equivalent full-time of students).

85.5% 85.6% 84.1%79.5% 73.6%

70.7%67.7%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

34 Primary: Languages

Languages Taught

Eighteen languages were taught in government primary schools in 2009, with primary school

students also studying 45 languages through the VSL (out of a total of 48 languages available at

the VSL), including via distance education at the Year 6 level. Overall, primary school students

studied a total of 48 languages through schools and the VSL in 2009.

In primary schools, Italian retained the highest number of student enrolments (58,984 enrolments).

Indonesian (43,186) and Japanese (41,798) followed, with these three languages accounting for

69.1% of all primary languages enrolments in government schools. The other languages taught in

primary schools, in numerical order, were French, German, Chinese (Mandarin), Auslan, Greek,

Spanish, Turkish, Arabic, Vietnamese, Karen, Korean, Maori, Aboriginal Languages, Macedonian,

and Afrikaans. Table 3.4 provides details of student enrolments by language and year level, while

Figure 3.6 provides a proportional representation of language enrolments.

Dutch, Hindi, Khmer and Polish, which were offered in 2008, were not offered in 2009.

Between 2008 and 2009, fluctuations in enrolments occurred for most languages. Amongst the

larger languages, Indonesian (-10.2%), Japanese (-7.9%) and German (-7.2%) experienced

notable decreases in enrolments, while Chinese (Mandarin) (22%) and Auslan (24.3%) experienced

notable increases in enrolments. Amongst the smaller languages, Spanish, Turkish, Arabic and

Karen underwent relatively large increases in enrolments, while enrolments in Vietnamese and

Aboriginal Languages notably decreased.

Figure 3.5 outlines the changes in enrolments for the six most studied languages between 2003

and 2009. The most noticeable trend was the continuing decline in enrolments for Italian,

Indonesian, Japanese and German. Enrolments in Chinese (Mandarin) remained strong and

continued to grow, while enrolments in French remained relatively stable over the same period of

time.

Primary: Languages 35

Table 3.4 Primary LOTE enrolments by language and year level, 2009

Language Prep Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Total %

Italian 8,146 7,588 7,336 9,012 9,012 9,050 8,840 58,984 28.3

Indonesian 4,737 5,177 5,331 6,476 6,750 7,260 7,455 43,186 20.7

Japanese 5,517 5,518 5,790 6,068 6,190 6,370 6,345 41,798 20.1

French 2,197 2,510 2,538 2,538 2,731 2,673 2,598 17,785 8.5

German 2,046 1,973 2,100 2,280 2,159 2,387 2,610 15,555 7.5

Chinese (Mandarin)

1,520 1,619 1,660 1,887 1,937 1,802 1,908 12,333 5.9

Auslan 1,230 1,313 1,248 1,309 1,427 1,391 1,364 9,282 4.5

Greek 496 527 457 380 408 371 387 3,026 1.5

Spanish 242 237 229 269 302 255 285 1,819 0.9

Turkish 152 167 178 171 169 176 189 1,202 0.6

Arabic 138 146 145 132 121 136 110 928 0.4

Vietnamese 62 60 138 147 143 163 185 898 0.4

Karen 54 55 71 66 67 152 155 620 0.3

Korean 45 55 61 54 53 43 64 375 0.2

Maori 19 27 23 29 37 56 60 251 0.1


5 5 11 47 41 34 43 186 0.1

Macedonian 18 17 7 18 32 14 17 123 0.1

Afrikaans 8 14 11 5 12 14 9 73 <0.1

Total 26,632 27,008 27,334 30,888 31,591 32,347 32,624 208,424 100

36 Primary: Languages

Figure 3.5 Primary LOTE enrolments for the six most studied languages, 2003–2009

Figure 3.6 Primary LOTE enrolments, 2009

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Indonesian

Italian

Japanese

German

French

Chinese (Mandarin)

Italian, 58,984

Indonesian, 43,186

Japanese, 41,798

French, 17,785

German, 15,555

Chinese (Mandarin),

12,333

Auslan, 9,282

Greek, 3,026

Other, 6,475

Primary: Contact time 37

Contact Time

The time primary students spent on language learning in 2009 ranged from 10 minutes to 7.5 hours

per week, with an average of 57.1 minutes per week (excluding the bilingual programs, which are

discussed in the Bilingual Program section). The largest proportion of students, 79.6%, were in

programs that ran for between 31 and 60 minutes per week, while only 1.3% of students were in

programs that ran for the recommended minimum of 150 minutes per week (Figure 3.7). Figure 3.8

details the average contact time per week between 2003 and 2009.

Figure 3.7 Primary languages programs by minutes of LOTE study per week, 2009

Figure 3.8 Average minutes of LOTE study per week, 2003–2009

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0 to 30 minutes

31 to 60 minutes

61 to 90 minutes

91 to 120 minutes

121 to 150 minutes

More than 150 minutes

70

67 63.4 62.564.6

57.5 57.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

38 Primary: Program types

Program Types

Individual programs within schools were divided into three types. The first type is a LOTE program,

which focuses on the teaching and learning of the target language. The second type of program is a

bilingual program, which requires the curriculum to be taught in the target language for a minimum

of 450 minutes per week. The third type of program, a language and cultural awareness program,

involves a limited introduction of vocabulary and a greater focus on teaching aspects of society and

culture. The aims of the programs and the teaching methods used differ accordingly.

In 2009, 55.4% of primary students studied a language through LOTE programs, with a further

43.6% of students studying a language through language and cultural awareness programs. The

remaining 1% of students were enrolled in bilingual programs (Figure 3.9).

Figure 3.9 Primary LOTE enrolments by program type, 2003–2009

The percentage of students studying through language and cultural awareness programs or

through LOTE programs differed significantly according to the language being studied. Two of the

smaller languages were only taught as LOTE programs, Korean and Maori. Amongst the languages

of larger candidature, Chinese (Mandarin) (67.4%), Japanese (66.8%) and German (65.8%) were

taught predominantly in LOTE programs (Table 3.5).

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

LOTE

Language and Cultural Awareness

Bilingual

Primary: Program types 39

Table 3.5 Primary LOTE enrolments by language and program type, 2009.

Language Bilingual Language

and cultural LOTE Total

Italian 702 26,225 32,057 58,984

Indonesian 0 20,164 23,022 43,186

Japanese 152 16,055 25,591 41,798

French 493 8,499 8,793 17,785

German 278 6,013 9,264 15,555

Chinese (Mandarin) 80 5,141 7,112 12,333

Auslan 0 4,526 4,756 9,282

Greek 57 1,106 1,863 3,026

Spanish 0 745 1,074 1,819

Turkish 0 588 614 1,202

Other 356 1,845 1,253 3,454

Total 2,118 90,907 115,399 208,424

Percentage 1 43.6 55.4 100

There were four methods of staff provision for primary language classes: through LOTE staff

allocations within schools; through externally funded or employed LOTE staff; through ICT, or

through the Bilingual Schools Project initiative. LOTE staff allocations within schools covered 92.6%

of students studying in languages programs, with the remaining 6.4% of enrolments covered by

externally employed/funded LOTE teachers (4.3%), allocations through the Bilingual Schools

Project initiative (1%) and the use of ICT (2.1%). See Table 3.6 for further details.

Table 3.6 LOTE enrolments in primary schools by method of provision and LOTE,

2009

Language Bilingual schools project

Externally funded

ICT LOTE

staffing allocation

Italian 211 352 1,386 57,035

Indonesian 9 626 1,145 41,406

Japanese 376 3,337 236 37,849

French 467 996 933 15,389

German 685 1,121 249 13,500

Chinese (Mandarin) 48 337 31 11,917

Auslan 0 1,014 294 7,974

Greek 57 0 0 2,969

Spanish 0 0 0 1,819

Turkish 0 287 0 915

Other 271 959 0 2,224

Total 2,124 9,029 4,274 192,997

Percentage 1 4.3 2.1 92.6

40 Primary: Target groups

Target Groups

An essential consideration in the planning of any languages program is the composition of the

target group of students. Schools were asked whether their programs were targeted at first

language learners (where most of the students had a background in the target language), second

language learners (where most of the students did not have a background in the target language),

or mixed classes (where some students had a background in the target language while others did

not).

Nearly all primary school students, 91.7%, were in programs targeted towards second language

learners, with 7.5% of students participating in mixed classes and 0.8% of students in first language

classes. The largest enrolments for first language classes were in Chinese (Mandarin) and Turkish.

See Table 3.7 below.

Table 3.7 LOTE enrolments by language and target group, 2009

Language First

language Mixed

classes Second

language Total

Italian 155 2,257 56,572 58,984

Indonesian 0 2,504 40,682 43,186

Japanese 0 974 40,824 41,798

French 0 682 17,103 17,785

German 0 380 15,175 15,555


Auslan 0 981 8,301 9,282

Greek 197 1,119 1,710 3,026

Spanish 0 263 1,556 1,819

Turkish 241 961 0 1,202

Other 674 1,861 919 3,454

Total 1,588 15,696 191,140 208,424

Percentage 0.8 7.5 91.7 100

Primary: Regional provision 41

Regional Provision of Languages

Overall, 71% of government primary schools offered some form of languages program in 2009. The

Eastern Metropolitan Region had the highest percentage of primary schools providing a language

program at 92.6% of schools, while the Gippsland Region had the lowest level of provision at

44.8% of schools. The number of schools offering language programs decreased in all regions

between 2008 and 2009, with the most notable reductions occurring in the Gippsland, Loddon

Mallee and Northern Metropolitan Regions. Between 2007 and 2009, the percentage of schools

offering a languages program decreased more than 10 percentage points in these three regions.

A comparison between provision in all educational regions between 2007 and 2009 is provided in

Figure 3.10 and Table 3.8.

When examining languages according to region, Indonesian, Italian and Japanese had the highest

student enrolments in three regions each. Indonesian had the highest enrolments in the Barwon

South Western, Loddon Mallee and Southern Metropolitan Regions; Italian had the highest

enrolments in the Hume, Western and Northern Metropolitan Regions, while Japanese had the

highest enrolments in the Grampians, Gippsland and Eastern Metropolitan Regions.

Language study was concentrated in some regions. In the Loddon Mallee Region, for example,

59.7% of all primary school students studying a language were studying Indonesian, while 60.2% of

enrolments in the Northern Metropolitan Region were in Italian. See Table 3.9 for further details.

Figure 3.10 Percentage of primary schools providing a LOTE by region, 2007–2009

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%2007

2008

2009

42 Primary: Regional provision

Table 3.8 Primary schools providing languages programs by region, 2008 and 2009

Region

2008

LOTE schools

Total schools

%

2009

LOTE schools

Total schools

%

Barwon South Western 85 112 75.9 77 112 68.8

Grampians 82 111 73.9 77 110 70

Loddon Malle 94 140 67.1 80 138 58

Hume 97 134 72.4 94 131 71.8

Gippsland 65 126 51.6 56 125 44.8

Eastern Metropolitan 178 189 94.2 174 188 92.6

Western Metropolitan 76 103 73.8 67 99 69.7

Southern Metropolitan 155 189 82 151 190 78.9

Northern Metropolitan 115 150 76.7 104 147 70.7

Total 947 1,254 75.5 880 1,240 71

Table 3.9 Primary enrolments by language and region, 2009

Language B.S.W Gramp L.M. Hume Gipps. E.Met W.Met S.Met N.Met

Italian 2,967 1,571 773 2,950 661 11,561 11,300 10,070 17,131

Indonesian 6,229 694 7,276 2,860 1,557 7,193 2,186 13,317 1,874

Japanese 1,740 2,342 146 2,533 1,963 12,820 5,913 11,740 2,601

French 2,536 754 1,209 1,161 757 3,905 358 6,763 342

German 733 428 771 193 796 8,657 257 2,933 787

Chinese (Mandarin)

125 1,836 0 0 0 7,773 450 1,397 752

Auslan 220 627 1,940 1,647 518 714 605 2,280 731

Greek 0 0 0 0 0 570 0 728 1,728

Spanish 0 0 54 0 39 330 287 1,109 0

Turkish 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,202

Arabic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 928

Vietnamese 0 0 0 0 0 0 774 0 124

Karen 0 0 0 0 0 0 620 0 0

Korean 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 375 0

Maori 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 208 0


0 0 19 0 30 0 0 0 137

Macedonian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 123

Afrikaans 0 0 0 73 0 0 0 0 0

Total 14,593 8,252 12,188 11,417 6,321 53,523 22,750 50,920 28,460

Primary: ICT 43

ICT

As indicated in Figure 3.11 below, enrolments in courses provided through ICT have varied

considerably since 2003. These initiatives involve the provision of LOTE classes through visual and

audio links such as the internet, video/DVDs, computers, satellite conferencing and telephone. In

2009, the number of students studying a LOTE through ICT provision continued to increase to

4,274 students. ICT provision was used to run classes in Auslan, Chinese (Mandarin), French,

German, Indonesian, Italian and Japanese.

Figure 3.11 Primary LOTE enrolments through ICT, 2003 – 2009.

419

1,334 1,243

151

522

3,595

4,274

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

44 Secondary: Colleges

Section 4: Secondary Colleges

Colleges

In 2009, the number of government secondary colleges offering language programs increased by

two to 275 colleges. This represents 87.6% of the 314 government secondary colleges teaching

secondary level classes. Of the secondary colleges that offered languages programs, provision was

highest at the lower secondary level, with 97.8% of these colleges offering languages programs at

the Year 7 level. By the Year 12 level, language provision had decreased to 59.4% of secondary

colleges with languages programs (Figure 4.1).

Figure 4.1 Percentage of secondary colleges providing languages programs by year level, 2003–2009

Of the secondary colleges that offered languages programs in 2009, 49.3% provided continuous

programs from Years 7 to 12. Note that around 6.5% of secondary colleges do not offer classes

from Years 7 to 12. They include, for example, senior secondary colleges or Years 7 to 10 colleges

(Figure 4.2).

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year 7

Year 8

Year 9

Year 10

Year 11

Year 12

Secondary: Colleges 45

Figure 4.2 Sequences of languages programs in secondary colleges, 2008–2009

‘Other sequences’ refers to the provision of languages programs at non-sequential year levels or partial sequences.

In 2009, the language offerings at government secondary colleges remained relatively similar to

language offerings in 2008. The most notable decrease was for French, with 8 fewer secondary

colleges offering the language in 2009. Among the six most widely studied languages, Italian,

German and Chinese (Mandarin) were offered in more secondary colleges in 2009 (Table 4.1).

Table 4.1 Number and percentage of secondary colleges offering each language, 2009

Language No. % * Change from 2008

(Number of schools)

Indonesian 98 31.2 -2

Japanese 91 29 -1

French 83 26.4 -8

Italian 78 24.8 +3

German 64 20.4 +2

Chinese (Mandarin) 40 12.7 +2

Greek 9 2.9 -

Vietnamese 7 2.2 -1

Arabic 5 1.6 -

Auslan 5 1.6 -2

Spanish 5 1.6 +1

Macedonian 4 1.3 -

Aboriginal Languages 2 0.6 +1

Latin 2 0.6 -

Classical Greek 1 0.3 -

Khmer 1 0.3 -2

Turkish 1 0.3 -

Note that many colleges offered more than one language. *As a percentage of all colleges.

49.3%

8.5%

9.9%

11%

9.9%

11.4%

49.8%

5.5%

12.8%

11%

8.1%

12.8%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Years 7 to 12

Years 7 to 11

Years 7 to 10

Years 7 to 9

Years 7 to 8

Other sequences

2008

2009

46 Secondary: Colleges

The number of secondary colleges running compulsory languages programs in 2009 remained very

similar to 2008 levels, with only a slight decline in the number of colleges where LOTE study was

compulsory at the Year 7 level (Figure 4.3 and Table 4.2).

Figure 4.3 Percentage of secondary colleges (amongst those offering a LOTE) where a LOTE is compulsory by year level, 2003, 2005–9

Note: No data was collected for this indicator in 2004.

Table 4.2 Compulsory LOTE study by year level (Years 7 to 10), 2006–2009

2006 2007 2008 2009

Year level No. % No. % No. % No. %

Year 7 263 85 250 88 252 92 249 90

Year 8 237 76 221 78 222 81 223 81

Year 9 100 32 87 30 89 33 95 34

Year 10 22 7 19 7 21 8 21 8

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year 7

Year 8

Year 9

Year 10

Secondary: Students 47

Students

In 2009, 42.4% or 94,697 students studied a language in government secondary colleges

(Table 4.3). A further 3,802 enrolments represented students who studied more than one language

through taster programs, bringing the total number of language enrolments to 98,499. The number

of students studying a language in 2009 represents a slight decrease of 2.1% from 2008 figures.

Participation rates remained relatively stable across all year levels (see Figure 4.4). Further detail is

presented in Table 4.3.

Note that in Figure 4.4 and Table 4.3 students are only counted once (94,698 students). All other

tables and figures in this section contain information on the number of LOTE enrolments (98,500

enrolments). Enrolment figures double count students who are studying more than one language

through taster programs.

Furthermore, the Year 12 enrolment figures in this section count students enrolled in Year 12 and

studying a language. Note that a large number of students complete language study to the Unit 4

level before they are actually enrolled in Year 12. These students are not included in Year 12

figures in this section. The section, LOTE Study at the VCE Level, explains this discrepancy and

provides further details about language study through to the Year 12 (Unit 4) level amongst

graduating students.

Figure 4.4 Percentage of students studying a LOTE by year level, 2004–2009

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year 7

Year 8

Year 9

Year 10

Year 11

Year 12

48 Secondary: Students

Table 4.3 Government secondary LOTE student numbers by year level, 2006–2009

2006 2007 2008 2009

Year level No. % No. % No. % No. %

Year 7 37,093 94.6 35,479 91.6 34,817 91.9 33,993 90.9

Year 8 34,536 86.8 32,754 83.1 32,621 83.7 31,759 83

Year 9 19,813 50.7 18,018 45.1 16,998 42.7 17,281 43.5

Year 10 8,480 22.9 6,938 18.3 6,659 17.1 6,212 15.9

Year 11 3,329 9.7 3,472 9.3 3,055 8.3 2,926 7.7

Year 12 2,552 8.8 2,695 9.1 2,536 8.2 2,526 8.2

Total 105,803 48.2 99,356 44.5 96,686 43.3 94,697 42.4

As shown in Figure 4.5, the proportion of secondary students enrolled in language programs at the

secondary level has decreased from 53.3% in 2003 to 42.4% of secondary students in 2009,

although the rate of decline has slowed between 2007 and 2009.

Figure 4.5 Percentage of secondary college students studying a LOTE, 2003–2009

Nineteen secondary colleges offered taster courses where, for example, students studied two

languages for twenty weeks each per year.

53.3% 52.4%

49.1% 48.2%44.5% 43.3% 42.4%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Secondary: Languages 49

Languages Taught

Seventeen languages were taught in secondary colleges in 2009, with secondary college students

also studying 47 languages through the VSL (of a total of 48 languages available at the VSL),

including via distance education. Overall, students at secondary colleges studied a total of 49

languages through colleges or the VSL in 2009.

In 2009, French and Japanese remained the two most widely studied languages, but both

experienced a decline in enrolments of around 5.3%. Enrolments in Italian and Indonesian

remained relatively stable. German, Chinese (Mandarin), Spanish, Greek, Auslan and Vietnamese

rounded out the ten most widely studied languages in 2009 (Table 4.4). Amongst these languages,

enrolments in Chinese (Mandarin) continued to grow (+14.7%), as did those in Greek (+15.1%) and

Auslan (+43.9%). Vietnamese (-35.8%), Arabic (-15.2%) and Macedonian (-14.2%) all experienced

decreases in enrolments.

The names of individual Aboriginal Languages, including Kirrae Wurrung and Wergaia, have been

collected under the category of ‘Aboriginal Languages’ in the 2009 report.

Table 4.4 Secondary LOTE enrolments by language and year level, 2009

Language Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 Total %

French 7,075 6,516 3,525 1,402 650 505 19,673 20

Japanese 7,219 6,027 3,223 1,442 630 509 19,050 19.3

Italian 6,844 6,340 4,242 945 294 177 18,842 19.1

Indonesian 7,937 6,133 2,395 749 353 282 17,849 18.1

German 4,865 4,475 2,601 1,080 407 405 13,833 14

Chinese (Mandarin)

1,647 1,299 694 296 341 449 4,726 4.8

Spanish 512 476 268 7 12 5 1,280 1.3

Greek 278 268 203 77 46 43 915 0.9

Auslan 189 260 48 3 40 37 577 0.6

Vietnamese 90 153 83 40 22 43 431 0.4

Arabic 95 104 74 53 22 8 356 0.4

Latin 101 50 52 24 62 12 301 0.3

Macedonian 82 77 45 27 6 4 241 0.2

Classical Greek

0 0 27 27 17 7 78 0.1

Turkish 56 42 39 35 18 31 221 0.2


23 44 5 3 0 2 77 0.1

Khmer 7 16 11 2 6 7 49 <0.1

Total 37,020 32,280 17,535 6,212 2,926 2,526 98,499 100

.

50 Secondary: Languages

Figure 4.6 provides a proportional representation of all LOTE enrolments in government secondary

colleges in 2009, while Figure 4.7 provides a trend analysis of enrolments in the six most widely

studied languages. As can be seen in Figure 4.7, enrolments in Chinese (Mandarin) continued to

grow, enrolments in German recovered slightly, while enrolments in Italian stabilised in 2009.

Enrolments in French and Japanese declined but stayed within range of past fluctuations, while

enrolments in Indonesians continued to decline, albeit at a lesser rate than in the past.

Figure 4.6 Secondary LOTE enrolments, 2009

Figure 4.7 Secondary LOTE enrolments, six most widely studied languages, 2003–2009

French, 19,673Japanese, 19,050

Italian, 18,842

Indonesian, 17,849

German, 13,833 Chinese (Mandarin), 4,726

Spanish, 1,280

Greek, 915

Other , 2,282

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Indonesian

French

Italian

Japanese

German

Chinese (Mandarin)

Secondary: Languages 51

Table 4.5 represents changes in the percentage of students who study the eight most widely

studied languages at the Year 7 level and at the Year 12 level. French, Indonesian, Italian and

Japanese are the most popular languages at the Year 7 level, but by Year 12, proportional

enrolments in Italian and Indonesian have decreased significantly. This trend is countered by a

dramatic increase in enrolments in Chinese (Mandarin). While German and Greek both had

proportionately lower enrolments at the Year 7 level, retention rates for both languages were

strong.

Table 4.5 Secondary LOTE enrolments, selected languages at Year 7 and 12, 2009

Language Year 7 Year 12

Chinese (Mandarin) 4.5% 18%

French 19.1% 20.3%

German 13.2% 16.3%

Greek 0.8% 1.7%

Indonesian 21.5% 11.3%

Italian 18.5% 7.1%

Japanese 19.5% 20.5%

Spanish 1.4% 0.2%

52 Secondary: Gender

Male/Female Enrolments

Equivalent numbers of males and females undertook languages study at the Year 7 and 8 levels in

2009 due to the predominantly compulsory nature of language study at these levels. The most notable

change in enrolments for 2009 was a continuing decline in enrolments at the Year 9 level, -4.1% for

males and -7.1% for females.

While the gender division in relation to enrolments was similar at Years 7 and 8, by Year 12, 62.2% of

students of languages were female (Figure 4.8). Table 4.6 provides a breakdown of gender by

language.

The overall proportion of secondary language students was 50.6% female and 49.4% male.

Figure 4.8 Secondary LOTE enrolments by gender and year level, 2009

52.1% 50.3% 48.9%

41.4%36.7% 37.8%

47.9% 49.7% 51.1% 58.6% 63.3% 62.2%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12

Male

Female

Secondary: Gender 53

Table 4.6 Secondary LOTE enrolments by gender and language, 2009

Male Female Total

Language No. % No. % No.

French 8,797 44.7 10,876 55.3 19,673

Japanese 9,658 50.7 9,392 49.3 19,050

Italian 9,735 51.7 9,107 48.3 18,842

Indonesian 8,880 49.8 8,969 50.2 17,849

German 6,973 50.4 6,860 49.6 13,833

Chinese (Mandarin) 2,415 51.1 2,311 48.9 4,726

Spanish 645 50.4 635 49.6 1,280

Greek 507 55.4 408 44.6 915

Auslan 258 44.7 319 55.3 577

Vietnamese 222 51.5 209 48.5 431

Arabic 115 32.3 241 67.7 356

Latin 153 51.0 148 49.0 301

Macedonian 119 49.4 122 50.6 241

Turkish 131 59.3 90 40.7 221

Classical Greek 33 42.3 45 57.7 78

Koorie Languages 43 55.8 34 44.2 77

Khmer 21 42.9 28 57.1 49

Total 48,705 49.4 49,794 50.6 98,499

54 Secondary: VCE language study

Languages Study at the VCE Level

VCE (Years 11 & 12) enrolment figures in Table 4.4 refer to students who are studying languages at

each year level. However, the flexible nature of the Victorian curriculum results in many students

completing a language course before they enrol in Year 12. While Table 4.4 indicates that 2,526 students

are studying a language in Year 12, it is important to note that over 2,000 students had already

completed a language course prior to this time.

Similarly, although Table 4.3 (above) indicates that 8.2% of Year 12 students were completing Unit 4 in a

language course, this figure rises considerably once we consider government secondary college

students who completed a language (Unit 4) at an earlier year level. Among students from government

colleges who were eligible to graduate in 2009, 17.5% had completed a language course either through

their school, through the VSL (including via distance education) or through a community language

school. (This data was provided by the Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority.)

Table 4.7 lists the most popular languages studied by the graduating class of 2009, as well as figures for

2007 and 2008.

Table 4.7 Student enrolments (government colleges) by language, Year 12 graduating classes of 2007 -2009 (based on VCE unit 4 enrolments).

Language No. of

students, 2007 Language

No. of students, 2008

Language No. of

students, 2009

Chinese (Mandarin) 1,068



French 586 French 588 Japanese 588

Japanese 568 Japanese 539 French 535

German 429 Indonesian 470 Vietnamese 400

Indonesian 415 German 378 German 360

Vietnamese 274 Vietnamese 284 Indonesian 351

Italian 241 Italian 284 Italian 220

Greek 138 Turkish 150 Turkish 136

Turkish 117 Greek 147 Greek 134

Arabic 93 Arabic 88 Arabic 87

Other 591 Other 604 Other 551

Total 4,520

(17.3%) Total

4,711

(17.6%) Total

4,644

(17.5%)

Snapshot of graduating class of 2009 (students from government colleges) and their LOTE study

Table 4.8, following, provides detailed information about the students who graduated in 2009 having

completed a language course during their senior secondary schooling.

As outlined in Table 4.8, this included finishing the language course when enrolled in Year 10, Year 11 or

Year 12. Overall, a majority of students, 61.2%, completed Unit 4 of a language course when they were

enrolled in Year 12 (2009). A further 37.1% of students completed Unit 4 of a language course when they

were enrolled in Year 11 (2008), while the remaining 1.8% completed Unit 4 when they were enrolled in

Year 10 (2007).

Secondary: VCE language study 55


Table 4.8 Graduating class of 2009 (government colleges): Number of students who completed a VCE Unit 4 language course by year Unit 4 was undertaken

Year Unit 4 undertaken

Language 2007 2008 2009 Total

Albanian 0 3 5 8

Arabic 1 27 59 87

Auslan 0 18 34 52

Bosnian 0 6 14 20

Chinese 27 761 403 1,191

(Chinese First Language) (8) (481) (226) (715)

(Chinese Second Language) (7) (153) (126) (286)

(Chinese Second Language Advanced) (12) (127) (51) (190)

Classical Greek 0 0 12 12

Croatian 0 9 11 20

Dutch 0 3 1 4

Filipino 0 7 23 30

French 3 53 479 535

German 3 37 320 360

Greek 0 64 70 134

Hebrew 1 5 2 8

Hindi 0 4 9 13

Hungarian 0 2 1 3

Indonesian 0 64 287 351

(Indonesian First Language) (0) (10) (7) (17)

(Indonesian Second Language) (0) (54) (280) (334)

Italian 0 15 205 220

Japanese 0 104 484 588

(Japanese First Language) (0) (31) (8) (39)

(Japanese Second Language) (0) (73) (476) (549)

Khmer 2 9 6 17

Korean 12 65 14 91

(Korean First Language) (7) (35) (7) (49)

(Korean Second Language) (5) (30) (7) (42)

Latin 0 12 9 21

Macedonian 0 14 35 49

Maltese 0 3 0 3

Persian 3 23 23 49

Polish 0 13 5 18

Portuguese 1 2 3 6

Punjabi 0 12 13 25

Romanian 1 3 9 13

Russian 6 18 7 31

Serbian 2 27 14 43

Secondary: VCE language study 57

Year Unit 4 undertaken

Language 2007 2008 2009 Total

Sinhala 0 17 10 27

Spanish 1 19 33 53

Swedish 4 5 1 10

Tamil 4 7 0 11

Turkish 2 49 85 136

Ukrainian 1 1 3 5

Vietnamese 9 240 151 400

Total 83 1,721 2,840 4,644

Percentage 1.8 37.1 61.2 100

Graduating class of 2009 (students from government colleges)

Languages snapshot:

For 15 of the 37 languages represented in Table 4.8, a majority of the students completed their language

courses when they were enrolled in Year 11 (2008).

Chinese and Vietnamese were the most prominent among these languages, with 63.9% and 60% of

students of these languages, respectively, completing their courses when enrolled in Year 11. The other

languages included Dutch, Hebrew, Hungarian, Khmer, Korean, Latin, Maltese, Polish, Russian, Serbian,

Sinhala, Swedish and Tamil.

For the remaining 22 languages, a majority of the students completed their language courses when they

were enrolled in Year 12.

Graduating class of 2009 (students from government colleges): Year 10 (2007) snapshot:

Students who completed Unit 4 when enrolled in Year 10 (83 students) studied 18 languages, with the

highest percentage studying Chinese language courses (32.5%). The next most studied language was

Vietnamese, with 10.8% of students.


Students who completed Unit 4 when enrolled in Year 11 (1,721 students) studied 36 languages, with the

highest percentage again studying Chinese language courses (44.2%). The next most studied language

was again Vietnamese, with 13.9% of students.


Students who completed Unit 4 when enrolled in Year 12 (2,840 students) studied 35 languages, with the

highest percentage of students studying Japanese (17%), followed closely by French (16.9%).

Note that there is a discrepancy between the number of government secondary college students enrolled

in Year 12 studying a language, as reported by colleges, in Table 4.4 (2,526 students) and the number of

government secondary college students enrolled in Year 12 studying a language in Table 4.9 (2,840

students), as reported by the Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority. This discrepancy is due to

the fact that some students who are enrolled in a government secondary college during the day, studied

a language through a community language school after hours or on the weekend.


The following information in Table 4.9 is based on enrolments at the Year 11 and 12 levels (as is Table

4.3), not on the VCAA data above, which counts Unit 4 enrolments. As can be seen from the table, the

VSL continues to play an important role in language provision at the senior secondary level.

Table 4.9 Year 11 and 12 enrolments at secondary colleges and the VSL, 2007–2009

Year 11

2007 2008 2009

No. % No. % No. %

Government colleges 3,472 9.3 3,055 8.3 2,926 7.7

VSL 1,752 4.7 1,781 4.8 1,803 4.7

Total 5,224 14 4,836 13.1 4,732 12.5

Year 12

Government colleges 2,695 9.1 2,536 8.2 2,526 8.2

VSL 1,895 6.4 2,329 7.6 2,156 7

Total 4,590 15.5 4,865 15.8 4,682 15.2

Note that the figures for VSL enrolments include all students enrolled at the VSL regardless of the college they attend

(government, Catholic or independent). They also include enrolments through distance education.

Regional differences Overall, 8.6% and 8.8% of students enrolled in Years 11 and 12 in metropolitan areas studied a LOTE in

2009, while in regional areas, the proportion of LOTE students dropped to 5.7% and 6.8% respectively

(Figure 4.9). However, it is important to bear in mind the caveats mentioned in this section, with

enrolments at the senior secondary levels likely to be slightly higher in both regional and metropolitan

areas than the above figures indicate.

Figure 4.9 LOTE enrolments at Years 11 and 12 by regional or metropolitan regions, 2003–2009

9.9% 10.1%10.4% 10.2%

9.8%

9.1%

8.7%

7.4%

8.2% 8.1%

7.5% 7.7%

6.5%6.2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Metropolitan

Regional

Secondary: Contact time 59

Contact Time

The average contact time for languages programs remained relatively constant in 2009, although the

small changes that can be seen in Figure 4.10 are predominantly due to the exclusion of data from

designated bilingual schools and colleges in this section of the report. As students in bilingual programs

spend over 450 minutes per week studying languages or studying in a language, the inclusion of these

programs can skew the data. Information on these bilingual programs has been excluded from the

following analysis of contact time, but can be found in Section 6: Bilingual Programs in Victorian

Government Schools and Colleges.

Contact time varied for each language and at each year level. At the Year 7 level, the average time

allocated for language programs was 143 minutes per week ranging from 65 minutes per week for

Aboriginal Languages to 173.6 minutes per week for Greek. At the Year 12 level, the average contact

time was 235 minutes per week, ranging from 30 minutes per week for Aboriginal Languages to 250

minutes for Khmer, Spanish and Vietnamese. Average contact times at other year levels were as follows:

Year 8 – 150.2 minutes, Year 9 – 165.8 minutes, Year 10 – 204 minutes and Year 11 – 227.5 minutes.

The time allocated to languages also varied from college to college. In 2009, 64.7% of Year 7 language

students (slightly up from 64.5% in 2008) and 72.3% of Year 8 language students (up from 66.4% in

2008) were in programs that ran for a minimum of 144 minutes per week. (The recommended minimum

is 150 minutes per week, although many school and college timetables produce 144 minute allotments

per week). At the Year 11 and Year 12 levels, 93.9% and 98.1% of students, respectively, studied a

language for more than 190 minutes per week.

Figure 4.10 Average minutes per week for languages programs by year level, 2003–2009

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year 12

Year 11

Year 10

Year 9

Year 8

Year 7

60 Secondary: Program type

Program Types

The range of languages programs provided and the teaching methods used in secondary colleges varied

according to student needs and available resources. Colleges were asked to classify their programs as a

LOTE program, which focuses on the teaching and learning of the target language; a bilingual program,

which requires the curriculum to be taught in the target language for a minimum of 450 minutes per

week, or a language and cultural awareness program, where a limited vocabulary and aspects of culture

and society are introduced.

The percentage of students enrolled in LOTE programs increased slightly from 96.9% to 97.9%, while

enrolments in language and cultural awareness programs fell slightly from 3% to 2%. The remaining

0.01% of students were enrolled in the one secondary bilingual program (Table 4.10 and Figure 4.11).

For information on the bilingual program, refer to Section 6: Bilingual Programs in Victorian


Table 4.10 Secondary LOTE enrolments by language and program type, 2009

Language Language and

cultural awareness

LOTE Total

French 166 19,507 19,673

Japanese 310 18,740 19,050

Italian 547 18,295 18,842

Indonesian 858 16,991 17,849

German 0 13,833 13,833

Chinese (Mandarin) 64 4,662 4,726

Spanish 0 1,280 1,280

Greek 0 915 915

Auslan 0 577 577

Vietnamese 24 407 431

Other 16 1,307 1,323

Total 1,985 96,514 98,499

Percentage 2 98 100

Figure 4.11 Secondary LOTE enrolments by program type, 2003–2009

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

LOTE

Language and Cultural awareness

Bilingual

Secondary: Target groups 61

Target Groups

Colleges provided language programs targeted at three different groups of students: first language

learners (where most of the students had a background in the target language), second language

learners (where most of the students did not have a background in the target language) or mixed classes

(where some students had a background in the target language, while others did not).

In 2009, the vast majority of students, 93.7%, were in classes targeted at second language learners.

Enrolments in mixed classes increased slightly to 5.5% (from 3.5% in 2008), with Chinese (Mandarin)

and Italian the languages with the highest proportion of mixed classes. First language classes only

represented 0.9% of enrolments in languages programs (Table 4.11). For information on the bilingual

program at Westall Secondary College, refer to Section 6: Bilingual Programs in Victorian


Table 4.11 Secondary LOTE enrolments by language and target group, 2009

Language First language Mixed classes Second

language Total

French 0 688 18,985 19,673

Japanese 0 302 18,748 19,050

Italian 209 2,213 16,420 18,842

Indonesian 0 187 17,662 17,849

German 0 141 13,692 13,833


Spanish 0 0 1,280 1,280

Greek 0 407 508 915

Auslan 0 33 544 577

Vietnamese 10 79 342 431

Other 169 106 1,048 1,323

Total 851 5,374 92,274 98,499

Percentage 0.9 5.5 93.7 100

62 Secondary: Regional provision

Regional Provision of Languages

In 2009, the percentage of students studying a language in metropolitan areas was higher than

regional language enrolments at all year levels except Year 7. The gap between metropolitan and

regional students increased from Year 8, with a particularly large decrease in enrolments at the Year

9 level in regional colleges. As a result, the proportion of language students in metropolitan areas

was almost double that of regional secondary colleges from Year 9 onwards (Figure 4.12). Further

details are available in Table 4.12. Overall, 44.8% of students studied a language in metropolitan

areas, while the percentage of students in regional areas studying a language stood at 37% in 2009.

Figure 4.12 Secondary LOTE enrolments in metropolitan and country regions by year level, 2009

Table 4.12 Secondary LOTE enrolments by metropolitan and country regions by

year level, 2009

Regional Metropolitan

Year level LOTE

students All

students %

LOTE students

All

students %

Year 7 10,975 12,095.6 90.7 23,018 25,310.8 90.9

Year 8 9,676 12,650.6 76.5 22,083 25,608 86.2

Year 9 3,220 13,050.2 24.7 14,061 26,676.4 52.7

Year 10 1,230 12,560.9 9.8 4,982 26,555.7 18.8

Year 11 671 11,872.3 5.7 2,255 26,117.1 8.6

Year 12 628 9,197.5 6.8 1,898 21,604.5 8.8

Students enrolled in taster courses are only counted once in the above table.

90.9%86.2%

52.7%

18.8%

8.6% 8.8%

90.7%

76.5%

24.7%

9.8% 5.7% 6.8%0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12

Metropolitan

Regional

Secondary: Regional provision 63

In 2009, Indonesian and Japanese recorded the highest percentage of students in the regional

areas, while Italian and French recorded the highest percentage of students in the metropolitan

regions. See Table 4.13, following, for further details.

Six main languages, Chinese (Mandarin), French, German, Indonesian, Italian and Japanese were

offered in all five regional areas, expect for the Gippsland Region which did not offer Chinese

(Mandarin). In addition, Auslan (Loddon Mallee and Hume Regions), Aboriginal Languages (Loddon

Mallee and Grampians Regions) and Spanish (Barwon South Western Region) were offered in some

regional areas. Each metropolitan region offered between 10 and 12 languages in secondary

colleges.

Table 4.13 Secondary LOTE enrolments by region and language, 2009

Language B.S.W Gramp. L.M Hume Gipps. E.Met W.Met S.Met N.Met

French 1,523 312 1,695 500 504 6,214 1,174 5,828 1,923

Japanese 1,936 836 391 1,675 1,670 3,101 3,308 5,066 1,067

Italian 637 167 548 861 318 2,570 6,827 1,233 5,681

Indonesian 2,697 525 3,433 1,924 1,044 1,840 1,433 4,163 790

German 833 1,184 514 229 623 4,240 820 3,988 1,402

Chinese (Mandarin)

253 562 178 16 0 2,283 240 519 675

Spanish 1 0 0 0 0 244 1,035 0 0

Greek 0 0 0 0 0 282 125 83 425

Auslan 0 0 81 381 0 33 0 0 82

Vietnamese 0 0 0 0 0 0 353 48 30

Arabic 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 256

Latin 0 0 0 0 0 0 167 134 0

Macedonian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 241

Turkish 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 221

Classical Greek

0 0 0 0 0 78 0 0 0


0 61 16 0 0 0 0 0 0

Khmer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 0

Total 7,880 3,647 6,856 5,586 4,159 20,885 15,582 21,111 12,793

ICT

In 2009, 374 secondary students studied German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese and Spanish through ICT.

64 Teachers of languages

Section 5: Teachers of Languages in Victorian Government Schools and Colleges

In 2009, there were 1,737 teachers teaching in Victorian government primary schools and secondary

colleges, who had some level of LOTE qualification. As can be seen in Figure 5.1, the number of

LOTE teachers at the secondary level has remained relatively constant due to the stability of

secondary level languages programs. At the primary level, however, the number of LOTE teachers

has declined along with the number of languages programs (a drop of 11.1% relative to 2008

figures).

In 2009, 4.6% of LOTE teachers played multiple roles, teaching in more than one school or college,

or at more than one level. For example,

31 teachers taught the same language at two primary schools

11 teachers taught more than one language at the one school/college

17 teachers taught one or more languages at both the primary and secondary levels

11 teachers taught the same language at three different schools/colleges

1 teacher taught the same language at four different schools, while 1 taught at five different schools.

In addition, over 340 teachers teaching or assisting in languages programs did not have recognised

LOTE qualifications, although many of these teachers were undertaking language studies and/or

LOTE methodology training in 2009. In some instances, all classroom teachers in some primary

schools incorporated language teaching into the general curriculum with the support of a qualified

LOTE teacher. There were also approximately 240 qualified teachers of LOTE in primary schools

and secondary colleges who were not teaching a LOTE in 2009. These teachers taught other

subjects, assumed other roles within schools or were on leave.

Figure 5.1 Primary school and secondary college LOTE teachers, 2003–2009

1,246 1,250

1,1731,226

1,146 1,138 1,132

1,078 1,078 915 787 713 723 643

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Secondary

Primary

Teachers of languages 65

Teachers of Asian languages represented 46.3% of LOTE teachers, European language teachers

accounted for 51.9% of teachers, while teachers of Arabic, Auslan, Maori and Turkish made up the

remaining 1.8% of LOTE teachers. There were more teachers of Indonesian than any of the other

languages in 2009 (20.9% of all LOTE teachers). Among the European languages, teachers of

Italian made up the majority at 20.2% of LOTE teachers.

The percentage of LOTE teachers who were male stood at 19.2% in 2009. Amongst teachers of

Asian languages, 20.7% were male, while 17.8% of teachers of European languages were male.

Amongst the larger candidature languages, Japanese was the language with the highest percentage

of male teachers (25.1%), while there were no male teachers for a number of the smaller languages,

namely Khmer, Turkish and Maori (Figures 5.2 and 5.3). Further details are available in Table 5.1.

Numerically, there were 1,414 female LOTE teachers and 336 male teachers in primary schools and

secondary colleges.

Figure 5.2 LOTE teachers by gender and language (languages of larger candidature), 2009

303

303

242

230

161

87

32

50

63

81

48

51

19

7

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Italian

Indonesian

Japanese

French

German

Chinese (Mandarin)

GreekMale

Female


Figure 5.3 LOTE teachers by gender and language (languages of smaller candidature), 2009

Table 5.1 LOTE teachers by gender and language, 2009

LOTE teachers by gender

Language Female Male Total

Indonesian 303 63 366

Italian 303 50 353

Japanese 242 81 323

French 230 48 278

German 161 51 212

Chinese (Mandarin) 87 19 106

Greek 32 7 39

Auslan 17 2 19

Vietnamese 10 5 15

Spanish 10 2 12

Macedonian 8 2 10

Arabic 5 4 9

Latin 2 2 4

Turkish 2 0 2

Maori 1 0 1

Khmer 1 0 1

Total 1,414 336 1,750*

*Note that teachers who teach at both the primary and secondary level are counted twice in this table.

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Auslan

Vietnamese

Macedonian

Spanish

Arabic

Turkish

Latin

Khmer

Maori

Male

Female

Teachers of languages 67

Among the LOTE teachers represented in Figure 5.4, 58.8% were fully qualified, 43.9% at the

primary level and 69.4% at the secondary level. These teachers have completed:

A three-year post-VCE major sequence or a four year beginners sequence at the tertiary

level in the language they were teaching (or have received a statement of equivalence

from a Victorian university), as well as an approved LOTE teaching methodology course,

including theory and practicum; or

A two-year post-VCE sequence or a three year beginners tertiary language sequence.

(These were acceptable secondary LOTE teaching qualifications for teachers entering the

profession up to the beginning of 1996. Such teachers are deemed to be qualified

provided they have had continuing employment with the Department since that time).

These percentages have remained relatively stable over the last six years (Figure 5.5). The

remaining teachers had various levels of qualifications, from a two-year post-VCE tertiary level

course, to TAFE or adult education level courses (Figure 5.4). Overall, 66.5% of LOTE teachers had

undertaken some LOTE methodology training (theory) at the tertiary level, regardless of the level of

qualifications they held in the language they taught.

Figure 5.4 LOTE teachers by qualification level, 2009

2.1%

4.2%

7.4%

1.5%

1.4%

2.5%

4.1%

5.9%

13.3%

11.1%

46.5%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Three year (post-VCE) tertiary language study (or equiv.)

LOTE Accreditation

Four year (beginners) tertiary language study

Two year (post-VCE) tertiary language study

Three year (beginners) tertiary language study

One year (post-VCE) tertiary language study

Two year (beginners) tertiary language study

One year (beginners) tertiary language study

Native speaker, no formal LOTE qualifications

Other (e.g. one year living in Japan)

Further tertiary studies, e.g. Masters


Figure 5.5 Percentage of fully qualified teachers, primary and secondary levels, 2004–2009

Figure 5.6 provides a comparison of the number of hours LOTE teachers spend teaching languages

each week. Among teachers at the primary level, approximately half taught for less than 10 hours

per week, while at the secondary level, approximately half taught for 10 to 20 hours per week. This

difference is also reflected in the employment load of teachers. At the primary level, only 38.4% of

LOTE teachers are employed full time, in comparison to the secondary level, where 71.2% of

teachers are employed full time. However, the average time teaching languages per week was the

same at the primary and secondary levels, with LOTE teachers teaching languages for an average

of 10.6 hours per week.

Figure 5.6 Hours spent teaching LOTE each week, primary and secondary levels, 2009

45.6% 42.7% 43.8% 42.8% 44.3% 43.9%

67.3% 71% 70% 66.8% 69.9% 69.4%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Secondary

Primary

49.1%

35.2%

15.7%

46.3%

51.9%

1.8%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Less than 10 hours 10 to 20 hours More than 20 hours

Primary

Secondary

Bilingual programs 69

Section 6: Bilingual Programs in Victorian Government Schools and Colleges

Out of all Victorian government schools and colleges, one specialist school, eleven primary schools

and one secondary college offered designated bilingual programs in 2009 (Table 6.1). Bilingual

programs provide students with the opportunity to learn curriculum content in, and through, both

English and another language. In addition to the language curriculum, content-based teaching

takes place in two or more of the domains within the Discipline-based Learning Strand of the

Victorian Essential Learning Standards. Schools may choose from Science, Mathematics, The Arts

and The Humanities. Within these domains, bilingual classes are run for subject areas such as ICT,

cultural studies, visual arts, performing arts, health, sport and physical education, civics and

citizenship, economics, geography, history and the study of society and environment (see Table

6.1). Students are taught in or through the language for between 360 and 750 minutes per week,

with an average of 501.5 minutes. Additionally, other activities at these schools may also be run in

the language such as library time, school assemblies, camps and excursions.

Teachers in the designated bilingual primary schools and secondary college are highly qualified

and often supported by teaching aides, assistants offered directly to primary schools and secondary

colleges by overseas governments or volunteers from the community. As well as their teaching

duties at schools and colleges, teachers also share their knowledge at a local, national and

international level. Within local clusters of schools, for example, they may provide activities for other

schools to use in their language classes. Teachers also provide training and support for student

teachers and also host teachers from overseas, modelling effective teaching and learning strategies

for use in their home countries. Many schools/colleges and teachers also work with university

researchers around Australia to conduct research into teaching methodology, student outcomes

and the benefits of bilingual education.

Once students near the end of their primary schooling, teachers and schools work with staff at

secondary colleges in their areas to provide the maximum opportunity for students to continue with

their language studies at an appropriate level. This includes developing student portfolios so that

secondary college staff are aware of each student’s linguistic achievements and, where possible,

provide an advanced curriculum from the Year 7 level.

Table 6.1 below sets out details of the designated bilingual schools and their programs.

70 Bilingual programs

Table 6.1 Designated bilingual programs, 2009

School Languages Domains Year

levels Student numbers

Abbotsford Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) The Humanities, Mathematics, ICT and LOTE P–4 33

Aurora School Auslan The Humanities, Mathematics and LOTE P–6 42

Bayswater South Primary School German The Humanities, Science, The Arts and LOTE P–6 277

Benalla East Primary School Indonesian The Humanities, Mathematics, Science and LOTE 1–6 112

Camberwell Primary School French Mathematics, Science and LOTE P–6 475

Caulfield Primary School Japanese The Humanities, The Arts and LOTE P–6 111

Footscray Primary School Vietnamese The Humanities, Mathematics, Science, The Arts and LOTE

P–3 75

Gruyere Primary School Japanese The Arts, The Humanities and LOTE P–6 40

Huntingdale Primary School Japanese The Humanities, The Arts, Science and LOTE P–6 215

Kennington Primary School Auslan The Humanities and Mathematics 1–2, 4–5 95

Lalor North Primary School Macedonian and Greek The Humanities, Mathematics, Science, The Arts and LOTE

P–6 135

Richmond West Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and Vietnamese

The Humanities, Mathematics and LOTE P–4, P–2 81

Westall Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin) and Greek

The Humanities, Mathematics, The Arts and LOTE 7–11

7–9 96

VSL 71

Section 7: The Victorian School of Languages

In 2009, the Victorian School of Languages provided language programs through its 42 centres (30

in the metropolitan area and 12 in regional areas) and made a significant contribution to the range

of languages students could access across Victoria. This government school provides for students

from all educational sectors who wish to develop their home or heritage language, who are seeking

continuity in language study after changing schools, or who wish to learn a new language. Lessons

are generally provided outside regular school hours, usually on Saturday mornings, and are

typically of three hours’ duration.

In total, 15,067 students from Prep to Year 12 studied languages through the VSL in 2009

(including enrolments via distance education). Of these, 6,440 were primary level students, and the

remaining 8,627 were secondary level students. Total enrolments at the VSL in 2009 decreased by

6.4%, from the 2008 figure of 16,097. Forty-eight languages were studied at the VSL in 2009,

including Latin and an Australian Aboriginal Language (Wergaia), which were offered in 2009 but

not 2008. (Note that the names of individual Aboriginal Languages, including Kirrae Wurrung and

Wergaia, have been collected under the category of ‘Aboriginal Languages’ in the 2009 report.)

Distance education continued to provide an important avenue for language study, with enrolments

in distance education representing 18.9% of secondary level VSL enrolments in 2009. A further 23

students studied through distance education in Year 6. All figures referring to the VSL in this section

include enrolments through distance education. Further details on distance education are available

in the following section: Distance Education Section of the Victorian School of Languages.

Students also studied Vocational Education and Training (VET) language courses through the VSL

at Certificate levels I, II and III. These students studied at the senior secondary level, but are not

allocated a year level. As a result, figures for VET are listed separately in the relevant tables. Figure

7.1 provides a comparison of all VSL enrolments from 2003 to 2009 at the primary and secondary

levels, as well as total enrolments.

Figure 7.1 Enrolments at the VSL, 2003–2009

As Figure 7.1 shows, enrolments at both the primary and secondary levels decreased in 2009, but

remain high. Enrolments declined 6.9% at the primary level and 6.1% at the secondary level. Overall

enrolments decreased 6.4%.

15,452

14,43215,067

8,9368,262 8,627

6,264 6,170 6,440

0

3,000

6,000

9,000

12,000

15,000

18,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total

Secondary

Primary

72 VSL

Table 7.1, following, sets out the total VSL enrolments for each language by year level.

As Table 7.1 reveals, 48 languages were offered through the VSL in 2009. Three languages – Auslan,

Latin and Romanian – were studied only at secondary level, while Australian Aboriginal Languages

(Wergaia) were only studied at the primary level. The remaining 44 languages were studied at both

primary and secondary levels. The five most popular languages overall were Chinese (Mandarin),

Vietnamese, Turkish, Greek and Japanese. Together, these five languages account for 48.4% of total

enrolments in the VSL, with the remaining students spread over the wide range of languages offered.

Chinese (Mandarin) and Vietnamese were strongly represented across the primary and secondary

sectors – both languages have over 1,000 students each at primary and secondary levels. Turkish and

Arabic also had consistent enrolments over the primary and secondary levels. There were, however,

noticeable differences in patterns of enrolments between the primary and secondary levels for some

other languages. Community languages such as Greek and Sinhala, for example, had stronger

enrolments in the primary than in the secondary sector. By contrast, Japanese, French, Italian and

German had a higher proportion of total enrolments at secondary level.

Amongst the languages of larger candidature, Italian (-13.2%) and Indonesian (-15.4%) experienced a

decline in enrolments, while enrolments in the other larger languages remained relatively stable.

Amongst languages of smaller candidature, Dari (241 to 334), Dinka (104 to 192) and Karen (100 to 172)

experienced notable growth in enrolments in 2009.

VSL 73

Table 7.1 VSL enrolments by language and year level, 2009

Language Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 VET Total %

Chinese (Mandarin)

241 221 182 215 223 148 164 173 162 189 287 446 20 2,671 17.7

Vietnamese 248 171 170 180 139 134 161 133 153 111 182 274 0 2,056 13.6

Turkish 68 84 73 100 80 81 66 73 53 73 76 94 0 921 6.1

Greek 159 123 105 99 107 62 64 42 38 15 40 17 0 871 5.8

Japanese 9 5 5 6 13 17 97 78 99 116 170 156 1 772 5.1

French 17 15 5 13 21 22 78 54 92 109 136 128 11 701 4.7

Arabic 75 72 53 55 44 55 37 39 29 32 88 89 20 688 4.6

Spanish 52 40 34 37 17 26 33 27 29 48 98 122 51 614 4.1

Italian 16 20 17 19 30 30 83 49 69 73 103 96 8 613 4.1

Macedonian 20 27 31 56 56 50 42 35 58 35 20 47 0 477 3.2

German 8 7 4 12 6 19 41 40 64 50 101 84 8 444 2.9

Sinhala 60 73 49 36 36 18 35 14 26 22 27 37 0 433 2.9

Croatian 29 35 38 25 41 24 36 30 29 24 37 40 0 388 2.6

Dari 22 19 44 28 43 51 35 32 36 17 7 0 0 334 2.2

Indonesian 0 0 0 0 2 6 12 6 28 61 106 112 1 334 2.2

Punjabi 33 36 25 38 35 34 26 28 19 14 28 18 0 334 2.2

Korean 20 15 9 7 12 12 10 16 9 9 54 108 0 281 1.9

Hindi 41 28 15 13 19 21 7 22 11 9 33 27 0 246 1.6

Bosnian 10 12 11 25 15 18 32 23 16 10 13 19 0 204 1.4

Polish 5 4 9 6 11 6 22 10 21 27 42 40 0 203 1.3

Khmer 31 15 16 18 7 11 14 8 16 10 12 27 0 185 1.2

Karen 17 14 12 8 24 20 7 24 19 27 0 0 0 172 1.1

Persian 14 12 1 0 1 12 2 1 3 14 47 45 0 152 1

Latin 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 9 38 12 20 16 0 114 0.8

Serbian 5 3 10 5 9 8 9 9 12 12 10 22 0 114 0.8

74 VSL

Language Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 VET Total %

Dinka 7 16 11 8 12 5 10 17 8 10 0 0 0 104 0.7

Russian 13 6 3 2 2 9 4 5 9 6 8 15 0 82 0.5

Portuguese 8 7 8 4 4 5 5 3 10 1 10 10 0 75 0.5

Hebrew 8 10 2 4 4 4 7 6 4 2 11 10 0 72 0.5

Dutch 14 5 7 2 2 1 0 2 3 1 3 16 0 56 0.4

Filipino 6 2 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 6 14 11 0 50 0.3

Maltese 10 3 2 2 9 4 7 5 3 1 1 0 0 47 0.3

Albanian 6 4 3 2 4 3 0 3 0 1 4 10 0 40 0.3

Hungarian 2 3 1 1 3 1 2 3 1 8 6 0 31 0.2

Pushto 3 1 6 3 2 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 21 0.1

Tigrinya 5 2 4 2 2 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 21 0.1

Chinese (Cantonese)

1 7 2 3 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0.1

Bengali 5 6 1 1 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 18 0.1

Romanian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 7 0 16 0.1

Somali 2 3 0 0 1 2 3 0 2 2 0 0 0 15 0.1

Amharic 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 13 0.1

Lithuanian 1 1 2 2 1 0 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 13 0.1

Syriac 1 3 4 1 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 13 0.1

Swahili 4 0 1 1 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 10 0.1

Bulgarian 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 8 0.1

Tamil 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 2 0 8 0.1

Aboriginal Languages (Wergaia)

7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 <0.1

Auslan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 <0.1

Total 1,307 1,132 981 1,042 1,044 934 1,180 1,028 1,182 1,158 1,803 2,156 120 15,067 100

VSL 75

The proportion of government to non-government school student enrolments at the VSL remained

comparable to 2008 levels at the secondary level, but increased notably at the primary level, with

73.7% of primary students from government schools in 2009, up from 67.6% in 2008. Figure 7.2

represents the proportions of primary and secondary students studying at the VSL who attend

government and non-government schools and colleges.

Figure 7.2 Enrolments at the VSL, by sector, 2009

Figure 7.3 represents the proportion of government to non-government students at the VSL for the

eight most widely studied languages. Spanish is the only language in Figure 7.3 for which non-

government students outnumber government students.

Figure 7.4 looks at enrolments in the eight most widely studied languages at the senior secondary

level by sector at the VSL. There are interesting differences between the most studied languages

overall at the VSL and the most studied languages at Years 11 and 12 at the VSL. For example,

Turkish and Greek are the third and fourth most studied languages at the VSL overall (Figure 7.3).

However, most of these enrolments are at the lower secondary levels, Only 18.5% of students of

Turkish and 6.5% of students of Greek are studying the these language at Years 11 and 12, making

them the eleventh and twentieth most studied languages at the senior secondary level at the VSL.

In contrast, 42.4% of students studying Japanese and 37.7% of students studying French through

the VSL do so at Years 11 and 12, highlighting the important role of the VSL in providing an avenue

for language study through to the senior secondary level for these languages (Figure 7.4).

73.7%

66.5%

26.3%

33.5%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Primary Secondary

Government school students

Non-government school students

76 VSL

Figure 7.3 Enrolments at the VSL by sector and language (eight most widely studied), 2009

Figure 7.4 Enrolments at the VSL by sector and language (eight most widely studied), Years 11 and 12 enrolments, 2009

2,053

1,166

794

634517 397 508

298618 890

127 237255 304 180 316

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500Government school students


586

344

205 162

83106 109

134

147 112 121 102 13793 76

430

100

200

300

400

500

600

700Government school students


VSL 77

Tables 7.2 (primary) and 7.3 (secondary) provide full details of all enrolments at the VSL (all

education sectors) in 2009.

Table 7.2 Primary school VSL enrolments by language, 2009

Language Gov’t

school students

Non-gov’t school

students Total Language

Gov’t school

students

Non-gov’t school

students Total

Chinese (Mandarin)

965 265 1,230 Serbian 37 3 40

Vietnamese 560 482 1,042 Portuguese 13 23 36

Greek 508 147 655 Russian 25 10 35

Turkish 437 49 486 Hebrew 29 3 32

Arabic 265 89 354 Dutch 19 12 31

Sinhala 221 51 272 Maltese 9 21 30

Macedonian 210 30 240 Albanian 18 4 22

Dari 199 8 207 Chinese (Cantonese)

16 2 18

Spanish 127 79 206 Pushto 13 4 17

Punjabi 170 31 201 Tigrinya 9 7 16

Croatian 101 91 192 Filipino 9 6 15

Hindi 110 27 137 Bengali 11 3 14

Italian 69 63 132 Hungarian 3 8 11

Khmer 89 9 98 Syriac 4 7 11

Karen 94 1 95 Amharic 8 0 8

French 47 46 93 Indonesian 6 2 8

Bosnian 69 22 91 Somali 8 0 8

Korean 63 12 75 Swahili 0 8 8

Dinka 45 14 59 Lithuanian 3 4 7

German 41 15 56 Aboriginal Languages (Wergaia)

0 7 7

Japanese 44 11 55 Bulgarian 5 0 5

Polish 28 13 41 Tamil 3 1 4

Persian 34 6 40 Total 4,744 1,696 6,440

78 VSL

Table 7.3 Secondary VSL LOTE enrolments by language, all education sectors, 2009

Language Gov’t

school students

Non-gov’t school

students Total Language

Gov’t school

students

Non-gov’t school

students Total

Chinese (Mandarin)

1,088 353 1,441 Serbian 70 4 74

Vietnamese 606 408 1,014 Russian 36 11 47

Japanese 473 244 717 Dinka 37 8 45

French 350 258 608 Hebrew 38 2 40

Italian 244 237 481 Portuguese 16 23 39

Turkish 357 78 435 Filipino 26 9 35

Spanish 171 237 408 Dutch 11 14 25

German 218 170 388 Hungarian 12 8 20

Arabic 243 91 334 Albanian 16 2 18

Indonesian 216 110 326 Maltese 5 12 17

Macedonian 207 30 237 Romanian 11 5 16

Greek 126 90 216 Somali 7 0 7

Korean 162 44 206 Lithuanian 2 4 6

Croatian 70 126 196 Amharic 3 2 5

Polish 57 105 162 Auslan 2 3 5

Sinhala 136 25 161 Tigrinya 2 3 5

Punjabi 92 41 133 Bengali 4 0 4

Dari 125 2 127 Pushto 2 2 4

Latin 54 60 114 Tamil 3 1 4

Bosnian 92 21 113 Bulgarian 3 0 3

Persian 104 8 112 Chinese (Cantonese)

1 1 2

Hindi 86 23 109 Swahili 0 2 2

Khmer 71 16 87 Syriac 1 1 2

Karen 77 0 77 Total 5,733 2,894 8,627

VSL: Distance education 79

Distance Education Section of the Victorian School of Languages

In 2009, the Distance Education Section of the Victorian School of Languages offered language

programs in Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), French, German, Greek, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese,

Latin and Spanish to primary (Year 6) and secondary level students wishing to study a language

which was not offered by their primary school or secondary college, or to those not currently

attending a school. Of all secondary students enrolled at the VSL in 2009, 19.2% were studying a

language through distance education. Since 2007, language study through distance education has

also been available at the Year 6 level. As Table 7.4 shows, 23 Year 6 students enrolled to study a

language through distance education in 2009.

Table 7.4 Student enrolments in distance education by language and year level, 2009

Language Year 6 Year

7 Year

8 Year

9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 VET Total

French 5 46 25 56 57 87 71 11 358

German 7 23 24 46 32 73 55 8 268

Japanese 0 25 22 34 31 57 61 1 231

Italian 0 40 26 36 25 51 36 8 222

Indonesian 4 6 1 18 36 58 56 1 180

Spanish 6 0 0 0 0 31 36 51 124

Latin 0 19 9 38 12 20 16 0 114

Chinese (Mandarin) 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 20 66

Greek 1 8 6 6 1 21 3 0 46

Arabic 0 0 0 0 0 14 11 20 45

Total 23 167 113 234 194 435 368 120 1,654

Overall, the numbers of students studying a language through distance education decreased 14.2%

between 2007 and 2009, but were still 30.3% higher than enrolment levels in 2005 (Figure 7.5).

Among the six most studied languages, Spanish is the only language that continually grew between

2005 and 2009, with enrolments in the other five most studied languages peaking in 2007.

80 VSL

Figure 7.5 Student enrolments in distance education (six most studied languages), 2005–2009

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

French

German

Japanese

Italian

Indonesian

Spanish

VSL: Distance education 81

Section 8: Appendixes

Appendix 1: Program Types and Target Groups

LOTE Programs (formerly called language object programs) These programs focus on the teaching and learning of the target language/s. The Victorian DEECD

recommends that LOTE programs be undertaken for a minimum of 150 minutes per week.

Bilingual Programs In these programs, at least two key learning areas in addition to LOTE are taught in the target

language for at least 450 minutes per week. Existing programs receive additional funding through

the Department’s Bilingual Programs Initiative.

Language and Cultural Awareness Programs These programs introduce limited vocabulary and aspects of society, language and culture.

Second Language Model This model of program is designed to cater mainly for students without a background in the target language/s.

First Language Model This model of program is designed to cater mainly for students with a background in the target language/s.

Mixed Classes This type of program is designed to cater for both students who have, and students who do not have, a background in that language, e.g. Greek being taught to a mixed class containing students of both English-speaking background and students of Greek-speaking background.

82 Appendix 2: Languages by primary school

Appendix 2: List of Languages by Primary Schools, 2009

Aboriginal Languages (3 schools)

3738 Nowa Nowa Primary School

4845 Kingsbury Primary School

8877 Two Rivers College

Afrikaans (1 school) 1488 Tallarook Primary School

Arabic (8 schools)

8800 Bayside P–12 College

5034 Campbellfield Heights Primary School

4952 Coolaroo South Primary School

4933 Dallas North Primary School

4900 Dallas Primary School

5524 Meadows Primary School

2837 Moreland Primary School

4993 Upfield Primary School

Auslan (43 schools)

4169 Airly Primary School

4848 Ardeer Primary School

4725 Bairnsdale West Primary School

3787 Balliang East Primary School

1125 Broadford Primary School

3689 Cardinia Primary School

1030 Carisbrook Primary School

716 Coimadai Primary School

4929 Comet Hill Primary School


5037 Diamond Creek East Primary School

1582 Dunolly Primary School

1428 Eaglehawk North Primary School

4702 Eastwood Primary School

3423 Exford Primary School

4936 Forest Street Primary School

4545 Goongerah Primary School

5076 Grovedale West Primary School

4730 Harrisfield Primary School

849 Healesville Primary School

298 Horsham Primary School

3686 Kennington Primary School

1568 Kilmore Primary School

5135 Kingsley Park Primary School

2122 Lake Charm Primary School

5494 Lynbrook Primary School

1112 Mansfield Primary School

5110 Maple Street Primary School

3315 Middle Kinglake Primary School

4389 Mildura South Primary School

2742 Officer Primary School

2961 Pearcedale Primary School

5232 Rangebank Primary School

4057 Red Cliffs Primary School

2820 Seville Primary School

5020 Shepparton (Guthrie Street) Primary School

4741 St Albans East Primary School

5386 Tempy Primary School

4700 Traralgon (Liddiard Road) Primary School

2182 Tyers Primary School

3466 Wesburn Primary School

5342 Willmott Park Primary School

1034 Yering Primary School

Chinese (Mandarin) (51 schools)

1886 Abbotsford Primary School

6201 Alvie Consolidated School

4995 Ararat North Primary School

800 Ararat Primary School

4720 Ararat West Primary School

5301 Aspendale Gardens Primary School

2948 Auburn Primary School

4183 Auburn South Primary School

28 Bacchus Marsh Primary School

4638 Balwyn North Primary School

5453 Belle Vue Park Primary School

454 Burwood East Primary School

2605 Carlton Gardens Primary School

6212 Collingwood College

5201 Delacombe Primary School

197 Doncaster Primary School

2870 Elsternwick Primary School

5116 Eumemmerring Primary School

5425 Glen Waverley Primary School

5010 Glendal Primary School

244 Hallam Primary School

5434 Hawkesdale P–12 College

Appendix 2: Languages by Primary Schools 83

4986 Highvale Primary School

5176 Jells Park Primary School

2093 Little Bendigo Primary School

2022 Macarthur Street Primary School

1554 Marnoo Primary School

5212 Milgate Primary School

4923 Mount View Primary School

2172 Mulgrave Primary School

4190 Nunawading Primary School

5416 Parkhill Primary School

4881 Parkmore Primary School

4874 Pinewood Primary School

824 Preston South Primary School

4686 Reservoir East Primary School

5044 Richmond West Primary School

1595 Rupanyup Primary School

1167 Sebastopol Primary School

5168 Serpell Primary School

6252 Sherbrooke Community School

5373 Springvale Heights Primary School

4934 Stawell West Primary School

3113 Sunshine Primary School

5196 Templeton Primary School

5294 Thomas Mitchell Primary School

3139 Wales Street Primary School

3709 Wantirna Primary School

5094 Wheelers Hill Primary School

5271 Yarra Primary School

5429 Yawarra Primary School

French (105 schools)

1637 Amphitheatre Primary School

8 Avenel Primary School

4690 Ballarat North Primary School

8872 Balmoral P–12 Community College

2222 Baranduda Primary School

4873 Bellaire Primary School

1883 Bethanga Primary School

1551 Big Hill Primary School

1070 Bolinda Primary School

1324 Bolwarra Primary School

2072 Buangor Primary School

5228 Bundarra Primary School

4932 Burwood Heights Primary School

888 Camberwell Primary School

5111 Camelot Rise Primary School

5426 Carrington Primary School

5435 Carwatha P–12 College

2058 Casterton Primary School

119 Castlemaine Primary School

3820 Caulfield Junior College

4941 Chandler Primary School

327 Chiltern Primary School

3035 Clarkefield Primary School

1360 Clifton Hill Primary School

4712 Coatesville Primary School

4929 Comet Hill Primary School

5108 Coomoora Primary School

4723 Dandenong North Primary School

1403 Dandenong Primary School

4217 Dandenong West Primary School

878 Darraweit Guim Primary School

3944 Dhurringile Primary School

5132 Dorset Primary School

2313 Drouin South Primary School

4837 East Bentleigh Primary School

3790 Edithvale Primary School

959 Elmhurst Primary School

250 Flemington Primary School

1148 Glen Iris Primary School

1189 Golden Square Primary School

5398 Greta Valley Primary School

4694 Greythorn Primary School

4853 Guthridge Primary School

1147 Inverleigh Primary School

2269 Katunga South Primary School

1075 Kew Primary School

5182 Kunyung Primary School

854 Lake Bolac College

1862 Landsborough Primary School

3531 Langwarrin Primary School

6231 Lavers Hill P–12 College

5245 Loch Sport Primary School

4771 Lyndale Primary School

1571 Macarthur Primary School

5103 Maralinga Primary School

1943 Maroona Primary School

430 Melton Primary School

1379 Merrijig Primary School

3050 Metung Primary School

4972 Montpellier Primary School

1683 Moonambel Primary School

846 Mordialloc Beach Primary School

5140 Mount Eliza North Primary School


1335 Moyhu Primary School

1072 Napoleons Primary School

2248 Nar Nar Goon Primary School

5382 Narrawong District Primary School

1347 Natte Yallock Primary School

1330 Navarre Primary School

1913 Newham Primary School

2134 Numurkah Primary School

1463 Osbornes Flat Primary School

4843 Parktone Primary School

5190 Patterson Lakes Primary School

3322 Point Lonsdale Primary School

1194 Portland North Primary School

489 Portland Primary School

4750 Portland South Primary School

2129 Ripplebrook Primary School

2627 Rosebud Primary School

770 Rosedale Primary School

1028 Scoresby Primary School

5120 Silverton Primary School

5235 Southern Cross Primary School

4948 St Albans Heights Primary School

596 Stratford Primary School

2790 Strathmerton Primary School

3488 Swan Marsh Primary School

954 Talbot Primary School

1954 Talgarno Primary School

2282 Tawonga Primary School

6236 Terang College

2056 Thoona Primary School

1207 Timor Primary School

6255 Tongala Primary School

3016 Toorak Primary School

1150 Trawalla Primary School

644 Wahgunyah Primary School

1033 Wandin Yallock Primary School

5157 Weeden Heights Primary School

5094 Wheelers Hill Primary School

1916 White Hills Primary School

2520 Willow Grove Primary School

653 Wooragee Primary School

4989 Wooranna Park Primary School

German (79 schools)

5428 Amsleigh Park Primary School

1492 Ashby Primary School

4143 Bayswater North Primary School

2163 Bayswater Primary School

4973 Bayswater South Primary School

3033 Beaconsfield Primary School

4850 Benalla West Primary School

40 Berwick Primary School

3109 Beulah Primary School

5193 Billanook Primary School

5011 Bimbadeen Heights Primary School

1184 Boneo Primary School

4967 Boronia Heights Primary School

4081 Boronia Primary School

4908 Boronia West Primary School

5377 Branxholme & Wallacedale Community School

776 Bright P–12 College

4944 Bundoora Primary School

3385 Carrum Primary School

116 Cavendish Primary School

5117 Churchill North Primary School


1136 Concongella Primary School

5189 Cranbourne West Primary School

1992 Croydon North Primary School

1585 Dixons Creek Primary School

3956 Don Valley Primary School

6217 East Loddon P–12 College

5432 Edenhope College

4903 Essex Heights Primary School

4906 Fairhills Primary School

262 Gisborne Primary School

3982 Gladysdale Primary School

3703 Glen Huntly Primary School

244 Hallam Primary School

3058 Halls Gap Primary School

1697 Harkaway Primary School

843 Harrietville Primary School

4986 Highvale Primary School

2541 Hoddles Creek Primary School

3167 Hopetoun Primary School

4697 Horsham West - Haven Primary School

5113 Livingstone Primary School

6242 Macleod College

5185 Mandama Primary School


5036 Melton West Primary School

5160 Mill Park Primary School

2259 Montrose Primary School


5059 Mooroolbark East Primary School

4975 Morwell Park Primary School

5205 Mossgiel Park Primary School

3284 Mount Dandenong Primary School

1368 Mount Eliza Primary School

5430 Mount Waverley North Primary School

1549 Murtoa College

4808 Nunawading (Mount Pleasant Road) Primary School

4226 Nungurner Primary School

4715 Old Orchard Primary School

5285 Orchard Grove Primary School

6245 Poowong Consolidated School

5431 Rangeview Primary School

6249 Red Hill Consolidated School


5241 Rolling Hills Primary School

3222 Sassafras Primary School

4974 Seaford North Primary School

4458 Somers Primary School

3505 Spring Gully Primary School

502 Stawell Primary School

5386 Tempy Primary School

2329 The Basin Primary School

3584 Traralgon (Grey Street) Primary School

4530 Upwey Primary School

4894 Upwey South Primary School


1259 Woori Yallock Primary School

2178 Yarragon Primary School

4705 Yellingbo Primary School

Greek (16 schools)


5168 Serpell Primary School

5271 Yarra Primary School




4733 Belle Vue Primary School

84 Cheltenham Primary School

1896 Stonnington Primary School

3336 Clarinda Primary School

2711 Fairfield Primary School

4177 Westgarth Primary School

5269 Richmond Primary School

3941 Coburg West Primary School

5035 Lalor North Primary School

484 Coburg Primary School

Indonesian (205 schools)

5427 Albany Rise Primary School

1 Alberton Primary School

4332 Anglesea Primary School

4844 Antonio Park Primary School

6203 Apollo Bay P–12 College

5021 Araluen Primary School

1008 Axedale Primary School

5005 Ballam Park Primary School

33 Ballarat (Dana Street) Primary School

1687 Baringhup Primary School

3023 Baxter Primary School

2560 Beaconsfield Upper Primary School

749 Bealiba Primary School

1560 Beechworth Primary School

4962 Bell Park North Primary School

5254 Bellbridge Primary School

4902 Belvedere Park Primary School

2256 Benalla East Primary School

31 Benalla Primary School

1267 Bendigo North Primary School

5213 Berwick Lodge Primary School

3933 Bittern Primary School

4798 Bonbeach Primary School

1796 Boort Primary School

1097 Bridgewater Primary School

1976 Camp Hill Primary School

120 Campbells Creek Primary School

3497 Carlisle River Primary School

1704 Carraragarmungee Primary School

2051 Castlemaine North Primary School

3729 Chelsea Primary School

1054 Chewton Primary School

5280 Clifton Springs Primary School

6211 Cohuna Consolidated School

4775 Colac South West Primary School

5127 Coldstream Primary School

5292 Coral Park Primary School

8843 Corryong College

5371 Courtenay Gardens Primary School

5243 Craigieburn South Primary School

4887 Cranbourne Park Primary School

4755 Cranbourne South Primary School

2041 Creswick North Primary School


122 Creswick Primary School

5255 Croydon Hills Primary School

1772 Dederang Primary School

5032 Deer Park West Primary School

1764 Devenish Primary School

5454 Doncaster Gardens Primary School

1645 Drysdale Primary School

6215 Dunkeld Consolidated School

5133 Eastbourne Primary School

208 Echuca Primary School

4994 Echuca South Primary School

3916 Echuca West Primary School

2028 Elliminyt Primary School

209 Eltham Primary School

3942 Elwood Primary School

1788 Eppalock Primary School

2318 Eskdale Primary School

3028 Fish Creek and District Primary School

5072 Fountain Gate Primary School

4682 Frankston East Primary School

2724 Garfield Primary School

1742 Glenrowan Primary School

755 Gordon Primary School

6223 Goroke P–12 College

5478 Great Ryrie Primary School

890 Greenvale Primary School

283 Grovedale Primary School

264 Guildford Primary School

2231 Gunbower Primary School

4062 Hampton Park Primary School

5345 Heany Park Primary School

4681 Herne Hill Primary School

1004 Hesket Primary School

6225 Heywood Consolidated School

4176 Hughesdale Primary School

306 Huntly Primary School

5136 James Cook Primary School

981 Kangaroo Flat Primary School

5053 Karingal Heights Primary School

5295 Karoo Primary School

4689 Katunga Primary School

2374 Kensington Primary School

4949 Kerang South Primary School

6229 Kiewa Valley Primary School

5350 Kilberry Valley Primary School

2188 Kinglake Primary School

5234 Knox Gardens Primary School

2265 Koondrook Primary School

1275 Langley Primary School

8861 Laverton P–12 College

2087 Leitchville Primary School

2981 Leongatha Primary School

1146 Leopold Primary School

5057 Lilydale West Primary School

1961 Little River Primary School

4139 Lloyd Street Primary School

1866 Lysterfield Primary School

1660 Macedon Primary School

1592 Maiden Gully Primary School

4224 Manifold Heights Primary School

5293 Maramba Primary School

3433 Marlo Primary School

400 Marong Primary School

8845 Maryborough Education Centre

4366 McKinnon Primary School

5141 Melrose Primary School

2950 Mentone Primary School

1051 Mickleham Primary School

1115 Middle Indigo Primary School

1739 Miners Rest Primary School

2904 Mitcham Primary School

887 Mitta Mitta Primary School

4662 Moe (South Street) Primary School

1911 Moolap Primary School

5376 Mortlake P–12 College

4644 Mount Beauty Primary School

3859 Murrabit Group School

5433 Murrayville Community College

3708 Nanneella Estate Primary School

8839 Narre Warren South P–12 College

467 New Gisborne Primary School

4650 Newborough Primary School

452 Newstead Primary School

1887 Newtown Primary School

8833 Nhill College

1178 Noorat Primary School

5363 Oatlands Primary School

4983 Oberon South Primary School

3100 Ocean Grove Primary School

4767 Orbost North Primary School

2744 Orbost Primary School

6243 Pakenham Consolidated School

5504 Pakenham Lakeside Primary School

5281 Park Ridge Primary School


4171 Parkdale Primary School


1915 Plenty Parklands Primary School

4159 Point Cook P–9 College

3322 Point Lonsdale Primary School

1855 Puckapunyal Primary School

2005 Pyalong Primary School

1712 Pyramid Hill College

2443 Quambatook Group School

1165 Quarry Hill Primary School

1190 Queenscliff Primary School

5346 Ranfurly Primary School

4057 Red Cliffs Primary School

2571 Redesdale Mia Mia Primary School

4911 Ringwood Heights Primary School

4120 Ringwood North Primary School

5130 River Gum Primary School

795 Rochester Primary School

919 Rockbank Primary School

366 Romsey Primary School

4663 Roslyn Primary School

5191 Seaford Park Primary School

3835 Seaford Primary School

547 Seymour Primary School

4895 Simpson Primary School

2656 Somerville Primary School

5372 Somerville Rise Primary School

1316 Specimen Hill Primary School

866 St Leonards Primary School

1211 Strathfieldsaye Primary School

5006 Sunbury West Primary School

5354 Surfside Primary School

1142 Swan Hill Primary School

1365 Tallangatta Primary School

2337 Tallangatta Valley Primary School

1023 Tarnagulla Primary School

4275 Tarwin Lower Primary School

5420 Tarwin Valley Primary School

3581 The Lake Primary School

5294 Thomas Mitchell Primary School

5479 Timbarra Primary School

1225 Tooborac Primary School

856 Toongabbie Primary School

2253 Toora Primary School

3368 Torquay P–9 College

2114 Traralgon South Primary School

3129 Tyabb Primary School

3145 Upper Sandy Creek Primary School

1022 Vermont Primary School

664 Wallan Primary School

3345 Wallington Primary School

3892 Wandin North Primary School


4582 Wantirna South Primary School

1485 Warburton Primary School

4988 Watsonia North Primary School

859 Waubra Primary School

6262 Wedderburn College

5157 Weeden Heights Primary School

4041 Welton Primary School

652 Winters Flat Primary School

1870 Winton Primary School

688 Woolsthorpe Primary School

653 Wooragee Primary School

5439 Woorinen District Primary School

1103 Yackandandah Primary School

4219 Yarra Road Primary School

5520 Yuille Park P–8 Community College

Italian (224 schools)

4220 Aberfeldie Primary School

1181 Albert Park Primary School

4855 Albion North Primary School

3599 Alphington Primary School

8857 Altona College

4931 Altona North Primary School

5104 Andersons Creek Primary School

5184 Apollo Parkways Primary School

5064 Ardeer South Primary School

2634 Armadale Primary School

1666 Arthurs Creek Primary School

2608 Ascot Vale Primary School

4317 Ashburton Primary School

4812 Avondale Primary School

5315 Baden Powell P–9 College

8814 Baimbridge College

1435 Ballan Primary School

1026 Balwyn Primary School

5421 Bayles Regional Primary School


5039 Bayswater West Primary School

4309 Bell Primary School

319 Bellbrae Primary School

26 Belmont Primary School


4318 Bentleigh West Primary School

4813 Beverley Hills Primary School

5048 Birmingham Primary School

723 Birregurra Primary School

4860 Blackburn Lake Primary School

2923 Blackburn Primary School

5288 Boroondara Park Primary School

5038 Brandon Park Primary School

1542 Brighton Primary School

4875 Broadmeadows Primary School

3179 Brunswick East Primary School

3585 Brunswick North Primary School

2743 Brunswick South Primary School

4304 Brunswick South West Primary School

1288 Bullarto Primary School

5384 Caledonian Primary School

4170 Camberwell South Primary School

5312 Cambridge Primary School

3572 Canterbury Primary School

4263 Cardross Primary School

1252 Carlton North Primary School

2897 Carnegie Primary School

4315 Caulfield South Primary School

1602 Ceres Primary School

4754 Cheltenham East Primary School

2061 Chilwell Primary School

1362 Christmas Hills Primary School


4543 Coburg North Primary School


3941 Coburg West Primary School

5090 Coburn Primary School

5189 Cranbourne West Primary School


5200 Darley Primary School

1609 Daylesford Primary School

5084 Deer Park North Primary School

1003 Diamond Creek Primary School

2479 Diggers Rest Primary School

5019 Donburn Primary School

4961 Donvale Primary School

945 Doreen Primary School

1848 Drummond Primary School

3931 Eildon Primary School

220 Elphinstone Primary School

4212 Eltham North Primary School

4015 Essendon North Primary School

1706 Euroa Primary School

5399 Everton Primary School

3590 Fawkner Primary School

450 Fitzroy Primary School

250 Flemington Primary School

253 Footscray Primary School

3890 Footscray West Primary School

5066 Gladesville Primary School

5007 Gladstone Park Primary School

5093 Gladstone Views Primary School

5260 Glen Katherine Primary School

1508 Glenferrie Primary School

4782 Glenroy North Primary School

3696 Grahamvale Primary School

295 Hamilton (Gray Street) Primary School

4804 Hamlyn Banks Primary School

4055 Hartwell Primary School

293 Hawthorn West Primary School

304 Highton Primary School

4926 Horsham North Primary School

298 Horsham Primary School

3939 Hurstbridge Primary School

5152 Iramoo Primary School

3174 Irymple Primary School

3702 Irymple South Primary School

4386 Ivanhoe East Primary School

2436 Ivanhoe Primary School

2105 Kangaroo Ground Primary School

5242 Keilor Downs Primary School

3161 Kew East Primary School

1366 Kialla Central Primary School

1727 Kialla West Primary School

5101 Kingston Heath Primary School

3988 Kingsville Primary School

2629 Koo Wee Rup Primary School

618 Koroit And District Primary School

3077 Korumburra Primary School

4863 Laburnum Primary School

4976 Lalor East Primary School

5035 Lalor North Primary School

5257 Langwarrin Park Primary School

769 Lara Lake Primary School



386 Learmonth Primary School

5297 Mackellar Primary School

2586 Malvern Primary School


4940 Manningham Park Primary School

8848 Manor Lakes P–12 College


4955 Mentone Park Primary School

488 Mernda Primary School

3110 Merri Creek Primary School

6240 Merrilands College

2815 Middle Park Primary School

737 Milawa Primary School

5325 Mill Park Heights Primary School

4969 Milleara Primary School

5441 Millwarra Primary School

2383 Mirboo North Primary School

3265 Monbulk Primary School

3943 Mont Albert Primary School

4112 Montmorency Primary School

4876 Moomba Park Primary School

3987 Moonee Ponds Central School

1111 Moorabbin Primary School

1612 Mooroopna North Primary School

2837 Moreland Primary School

4117 Moriac Primary School

5002 Mossfiel Primary School

5380 Mount Duneed Regional Primary School

3642 Mount Evelyn Primary School

415 Mount Macedon Primary School

4886 Mullum Primary School

8873 Myrtleford P–12 College

2060 Nathalia Primary School

5410 Niddrie Primary School

1402 North Melbourne Primary School

1401 Northcote Primary School

4190 Nunawading Primary School

3805 Orrvale Primary School

1134 Panton Hill Primary School

4854 Park Orchards Primary School

3081 Pascoe Vale Primary School

4704 Pascoe Vale South Primary School

5190 Patterson Lakes Primary School

4937 Pembroke Primary School

3806 Penders Grove Primary School

5369 Pentland Primary School

3261 Perseverance Primary School


1144 Porepunkah Primary School

4316 Preston East Primary School

4764 Preston North East Primary School

1494 Preston Primary School

3885 Preston West Primary School

2955 Princes Hill Primary School

6249 Red Hill Consolidated School


3960 Reservoir Primary School

4711 Reservoir West Primary School

4087 Ripponlea Primary School

5419 Roberts McCubbin Primary School

4867 Rollins Primary School

4753 Rosanna Golf Links Primary School

4568 Rosanna Primary School

5000 Rowville Primary School

5443 Roxburgh Homestead Primary School

5485 Roxburgh Park Primary School

5493 Roxburgh Rise Primary School

4956 Ruthven Primary School

267 Sandringham Primary School

5337 Seabrook Primary School

4666 Shepparton (St Georges Road) Primary School

1713 Shepparton East Primary School

4910 Southmoor Primary School

3146 Spensley Street Primary School

5015 Springvale South Primary School

4912 Springview Primary School

5118 St Albans Meadows Primary School

2460 St Kilda Park Primary School

5463 Strathaird Primary School

3947 Strathewen Primary School

5438 Streeton Primary School

1002 Sunbury Primary School

5526 Sunshine Harvester Primary School

2778 Surrey Hills Primary School

2065 Teesdale Primary School

5004 Templestowe Heights Primary School

4985 Templestowe Valley Primary School

1455 Toolamba Primary School

1503 Tooradin Primary School

1588 Trentham District Primary School

4687 Tucker Road Bentleigh Primary School

1771 Undera Primary School


5055 Wallarano Primary School

275 Wandiligong Primary School

643 Wangaratta Primary School

4838 Watsonia Primary School

3841 Wattle Park Primary School


5206 Wedge Park Primary School

4158 Westbreen Primary School

5365 Westgrove Primary School

982 Westmeadows Primary School

5397 Whitfield District Primary School

1373 Whorouly Primary School

1183 Williamstown Primary School

5319 Woodlands Primary School

691 Yandoit Primary School

2054 Yarrambat Primary School

2832 Yarraville West Primary School

1819 Yarrawonga Primary School

Japanese (182 schools)

912 Alexandra Primary School

1091 Alfredton Primary School

8857 Altona College

3923 Altona Primary School

5207 Appin Park Primary School

1563 Ardmona Primary School

4193 Aspendale Primary School

3309 Badger Creek Primary School

754 Bairnsdale Primary School

695 Ballarat (Pleasant Street) Primary School

1698 Balnarring Primary School

4691 Bandiana Primary School

1574 Barwon Heads Primary School


60 Beaufort Primary School

4803 Beaumaris North Primary School

3899 Beaumaris Primary School

3551 Belgrave South Primary School

5488 Benton Junior College

8832 Birchip P–12 School

2043 Black Hill Primary School

3631 Black Rock Primary School

3612 Bona Vista Primary School

4717 Box Hill North Primary School

4341 Briar Hill Primary School


2048 Brighton Beach Primary School

2017 Buln Buln Primary School

5392 Bundalaguah Primary School

1270 Buninyong Primary School

2229 Bunyip Primary School

3613 Carrum Downs Primary School

5489 Caulfield Primary School

4314 Chatham Primary School


3279 Chum Creek Primary School

734 Clayton North Primary School

3684 Clifton Creek Primary School

4387 Cobains Primary School

3535 Cockatoo Primary School

4879 Croydon West Primary School

105 Cudgee Primary School

3907 Currawa Primary School

2319 Darnum Primary School

1035 Dartmoor Primary School

4996 Derinya Primary School

5375 Derrinallum P–12 College

4257 Dingley Primary School

1527 Dookie Primary School

184 Dromana Primary School

2189 Ellinbank Primary School

4897 Eltham East Primary School

3381 Emerald Primary School

483 Essendon Primary School

5067 Falls Creek Primary School

4718 Ferntree Gully North Primary School

3228 Ferny Creek Primary School

4815 Frankston Heights Primary School

1464 Frankston Primary School

3897 Gardenvale Primary School

2506 Gembrook Primary School

5436 Glen Waverley South Primary School

4809 Glenroy West Primary School

5381 Grasmere Primary School

2062 Greensborough Primary School

2956 Gruyere Primary School

1076 Haddon Primary School

849 Healesville Primary School

4819 Heathmont East Primary School

294 Heidelberg Primary School

4716 Huntingdale Primary School

814 Jamieson Primary School

2988 Jeparit Primary School

5121 Kalinda Primary School

5418 Kananook Primary School


5082 Kent Park Primary School

4816 Kerrimuir Primary School

5236 Kings Park Primary School


5106 Kingswood Primary School

4990 Knox Park Primary School

7965 Kyabram P-12 College

863 Lal Lal Primary School

2599 Launching Place Primary School


1386 Lethbridge Primary School

876 Lilydale Primary School

1694 Longford Primary School

2707 Longwood Primary School

1231 Lucknow Primary School

3620 Macclesfield Primary School

1604 Malvern Central School

4669 Malvern Valley Primary School

5009 Manchester Primary School

2457 Menzies Creek Primary School

3780 Merbein South Primary School

3996 Merbein West Primary School

4215 Merrivale Primary School

5336 Monmia Primary School

2901 Moonee Ponds West Primary School

2327 Moorooduc Primary School

2136 Morwell (Commercial Road) Primary School

2037 Mount Blowhard Primary School

5171 Mount Martha Primary School

1436 Mount Pleasant Primary School

3432 Mount Waverley Primary School

4905 Mountain Gate Primary School

5139 Movelle Primary School

1263 Moyston Primary School

3449 Murrumbeena Primary School

487 Myrniong Primary School

5395 Nambrok Denison Primary School

2432 Neerim South Primary School

2930 Newmerella Primary School

1716 Nicholson Primary School

2712 Nilma Primary School

3675 Noble Park Primary School

3618 Norris Bank Primary School

1652 Nullawarre and District Primary School

4226 Nungurner Primary School

4721 Oak Park Primary School

1601 Oakleigh Primary School

4823 Oakleigh South Primary School

4780 Overport Primary School

1079 Panmure Primary School

5367 Peranbin Primary College

2859 Pomonal Primary School

2959 Research Primary School

5087 Rosewood Downs Primary School

4916 Ruskin Park Primary School

522 Rutherglen Primary School

545 Sale Primary School

4429 Sandringham East Primary School

4440 Seaholme Primary School

4685 Selby Primary School

1801 Silvan Primary School

1222 Skye Primary School

4641 Solway Primary School

1583 Springhurst Primary School

1479 St Kilda Primary School

4821 Strathmore North Primary School

4832 Sussex Heights Primary School

1631 Swan Reach Primary School

3559 Sydenham - Hillside Primary School

4924 Syndal South Primary School

2544 Taggerty Primary School

3356 Tecoma Primary School

5129 Templestowe Park Primary School

5173 The Patch Primary School

1371 Thornton Primary School

6260 Timboon P–12 School

5075 Tinternvale Primary School

3237 Toolangi Primary School

4852 Tullamarine Primary School

3926 Upper Ferntree Gully Primary School

1244 Upper Plenty Primary School

2103 Urquhart Park Primary School

4778 Valkstone Primary School

4892 Viewbank Primary School

5401 Waaia Yalca South Primary School

4642 Wangaratta West Primary School

1334 Warracknabeal Primary School

12 Warrandyte Primary School

3476 Warranwood Primary School

1743 Warrnambool Primary School

5105 Waverley Meadows Primary School

1813 Wendouree Primary School

2662 Willaura Primary School

1409 Williamstown North Primary School

2015 Winchelsea Primary School

1856 Windermere Primary School

37 Wodonga Primary School

4814 Wodonga West Primary School


3241 Wonga Park Primary School

648 Woodford Primary School

5049 Woodville Primary School


2518 Wurruk Primary School

4807 Yarraman Oaks Primary School

4761 Yarrunga Primary School

1034 Yering Primary School

4359 Zeerust Primary School

Karen (2 schools)

5343 Thomas Chirnside Primary School

649 Werribee Primary School

Korean (1 school) 3074 Ormond Primary School

Macedonian (2 schools) 5035 Lalor North Primary School


Maori (2 schools)

5043 Aldercourt Primary School


Spanish (14 schools)

4025 Ascot Vale West Primary School

1184 Boneo Primary School

5483 Caroline Springs College


4384 Clayton South Primary School

3754 Hampton Primary School

1951 Jindivick Primary School



1660 Macedon Primary School

5131 Regency Park Primary School

4966 Springvale West Primary School



Turkish (7 schools)

5098 Broadmeadows Valley Primary School


4952 Coolaroo South Primary School



5227 Meadow Heights Primary School

4993 Upfield Primary School

Vietnamese (7 schools)

1886 Abbotsford Primary School

5179 Albanvale Primary School

253 Footscray Primary School

5050 Glengala/Sunshine West Primary School

5044 Richmond West Primary School

4945 St Albans South Primary School

4745 Sunshine North Primary School

Appendix 3: Languages by secondary colleges 93

Appendix 3: List of Languages by Secondary Colleges, 2009

Aboriginal Languages (2 schools)

7565 Beaufort Secondary College

8877 Two Rivers College

Arabic (5 schools)


8807 Brunswick Secondary College

8227 Pascoe Vale Girls Secondary College

8240 Preston Girls Secondary College

8383 Thomastown Secondary College

Auslan (5 schools)

8863 Banksia/La Trobe Secondary College

7595 Bendigo Senior Secondary College

7837 Bendigo South East 7–10 Secondary College

8724 Forest Hill College

8320 Shepparton High School

Chinese (Mandarin) (40schools)

8874 Alkira Secondary College

8743 Ashwood Secondary College

8777 Bacchus Marsh College

7550 Balwyn High School

8863 Banksia/La Trobe Secondary College



7635 Box Hill High School

7650 Brighton Secondary College

7340 Brimbank College


7680 Camberwell High School

6212 Collingwood College

7776 Doncaster Secondary College

7773 East Doncaster Secondary College

7810 Elwood College

8806 Essendon East Keilor District College


8704 Glen Eira College

8808 Glen Waverley Secondary College

5434 Hawkesdale P–12 College

7934 Hawthorn Secondary College

8818 Horsham College

8867 Keysborough Secondary College

7954 Koonung Secondary College

8017 Maroondah Secondary College

8022 Matthew Flinders Girls Secondary College

8819 Melbourne Girls College

8102 Mount Eliza Secondary College

8105 Mount Waverley Secondary College

8180 Northcote High School


6252 Sherbrooke Community School

8731 Stawell Secondary College

8345 Strathmore Secondary College

8797 Thornbury High School

8428 Wantirna College

8465 Werribee Secondary College

8470 Westall Secondary College

8500 Yea High School

Classical Greek (1 school) 7550 Balwyn High School

French (83 schools)

8753 Ararat Community College Secondary

8743 Ashwood Secondary College

8872 Balmoral P–12 Community College


7575 Beechworth Secondary College

8250 Bellarine Secondary College


7610 Blackburn High School

7625 Boort Secondary College



7690 Canterbury Girls Secondary College

5435 Carwatha College P–12

8824 Castlemaine Secondary College

8864 Colac Secondary College

7205 Crusoe 7–10 Secondary College

8858 Dandenong High School

7775 Donald High School


7785 Drouin Secondary College

7790 Eaglehawk Secondary College

94 Appendix 3: Languages by secondary colleges

7805 Eltham High School

7810 Elwood College


7850 Frankston High School

7857 Gisborne Secondary College

7858 Gladstone Park Secondary College

8704 Glen Eira College


8709 Hampton Park Secondary College

7910 Heywood District Secondary College

7918 Highvale Secondary College

7950 Kew High School



7965 Kyabram P–12 College

7970 Kyneton Secondary College

854 Lake Bolac College

7985 Lalor Secondary College


7995 Lilydale High School

8135 Mac Robertson Girls High School

8005 Maffra Secondary College

8010 Mansfield Secondary College



8835 McClelland Secondary College

8125 McKinnon Secondary College

8819 Melbourne Girls College

8025 Melbourne High School

8030 Mentone Girls Secondary College

8809 Monterey Secondary College

8068 Montmorency Secondary College

8075 Mordialloc College


8185 Norwood Secondary College

8223 Pakenham Secondary College

8225 Parkdale Secondary College


8245 Princes Hill Secondary College

8270 Ringwood Secondary College

8407 Roxburgh College

8300 Rutherglen High School

8739 Sandringham College

8307 Scoresby Secondary College


7845 South Gippsland Secondary College

8330 St Albans Secondary College

8335 St Arnaud Secondary College

7247 Staughton College

7366 Swinburne Senior Secondary College

6236 Terang College

8405 University High School

8415 Upwey High School

8420 Vermont Secondary College

7384 Victorian College Of The Arts Secondary School

8811 Warrnambool College

7405 Weeroona College Bendigo

8462 Wellington Secondary College


8820 Western Heights Secondary College

8474 Wheelers Hill Secondary College

8475 Williamstown High School

German (64 schools)

8466 Bairnsdale Secondary College

7540 Ballarat High School

7560 Bayswater Secondary College

7585 Belmont High School

8810 Benalla College



7603 Berwick Secondary College


7048 Boronia Heights College

7635 Box Hill High School

7647 Brentwood Secondary College


7670 Buckley Park College

7874 Bundoora Secondary College


8799 Copperfield College

7747 Cranbourne Secondary College

7755 Croydon Secondary College


7770 Dimboola Memorial Secondary College

6217 East Loddon P–12 College

5432 Edenhope College

8871 Endeavour Hills Secondary College

7823 Fairhills High School


8870 Fountain Gate Secondary College

7855 Geelong High School

8869 Gleneagles Secondary College


8868 Hallam Senior Secondary College

8816 Heathmont College

7918 Highvale Secondary College

7920 Hopetoun Secondary College

8818 Horsham College

8421 Kambrya College

8716 Kurnai College


6242 Macleod College

8125 McKinnon Secondary College


8027 Melton Secondary College

8775 Mill Park Secondary College

8050 Mirboo North Secondary College

8065 Monbulk College

8071 Mooroolbark College



8744 Mullauna Secondary College

1549 Murtoa College

8813 Noble Park Secondary College

7856 North Geelong Secondary College

8210 Oberon High School


8725 Patterson River Secondary College

8255 Rainbow Secondary College

7325 Sebastopol College

8731 Stawell Secondary College

8803 Traralgon College


8410 Upper Yarra Secondary College



8812 Viewbank College

8425 Wangaratta High School

Greek (9 schools)


7255 Bentleigh Secondary College

7980 Lakeside Secondary College



8708 Reservoir District Secondary College




Indonesian (98 schools)

7505 Alexandra Secondary College

6203 Apollo Bay P–12 College

8828 Ballarat Secondary College

7575 Beechworth Secondary College

8250 Bellarine Secondary College


8810 Benalla College




7603 Berwick Secondary College

7048 Boronia Heights College


6259 Camperdown College

5486 Carranballac P–9 College

7695 Casterton Secondary College


7250 Chaffey Secondary College

8843 Corryong College

8705 Craigieburn Secondary College



7122 Dromana Secondary College

7790 Eaglehawk Secondary College

8855 Echuca College

7805 Eltham High School

8870 Fountain Gate Secondary College


8869 Gleneagles Secondary College

6223 Goroke P–12 College

7183 Grovedale College

8816 Heathmont College

7198 Irymple Secondary College

7945 Kerang Tech High School


7970 Kyneton Secondary College

8841 Lara Secondary College


8745 Leongatha Secondary College

7219 Lilydale Heights College

7995 Lilydale High School

8821 Lowanna College

7108 Lyndhurst Secondary College




6235 Manangatang P–12 College

8010 Mansfield Secondary College

8845 Maryborough Education Centre



8035 Merbein Secondary College

8045 Mildura Senior College

8073 Mooroopna Secondary College

8804 Mornington Secondary College


8100 Mount Beauty Secondary College


7028 Mount Erin Secondary College

8744 Mullauna Secondary College

5433 Murrayville Community College

8839 Narre Warren South P–12 College

8140 Nathalia Secondary College

8151 Newcomb Secondary College

8833 Nhill College

8185 Norwood Secondary College


8215 Orbost Secondary College

8226 Parkwood Secondary College

8725 Patterson River Secondary College

8798 Portland Secondary College

1712 Pyramid Hill College

8260 Red Cliffs Secondary College

8270 Ringwood Secondary College

8280 Rochester Secondary College

8290 Rosebud Secondary College

8734 Rowville Secondary College


8315 Seymour Technical High School

8875 Somerville Secondary College

8370 Tallangatta Secondary College


3368 Torquay P–9 College

8395 Trafalgar High School


8791 Wallan Secondary College


8827 Warragul Regional College


6262 Wedderburn College

7405 Weeroona College Bendigo

7893 Western Port Secondary College

8474 Wheelers Hill Secondary College

7408 Whittlesea Secondary College


8851 Wodonga Middle Years College

8736 Wonthaggi Secondary College

8500 Yea High School

5520 Yuille Park P–8 Community College

Italian (78 schools)

8857 Altona College

5315 Baden Powell P–9 College

8814 Baimbridge College



7645 Braybrook College

7340 Brimbank College


7250 Chaffey Secondary College

7720 Cheltenham Secondary College


8705 Craigieburn Secondary College

7115 Daylesford Secondary College

7763 Debney Park Secondary College

7764 Deer Park Secondary College

8746 Diamond Valley College


7773 East Doncaster Secondary College

7813 Epping Secondary College


7825 Fawkner Secondary College

8742 Fitzroy High School

8836 Footscray City College

7402 Galvin Park Secondary College

7841 Gilmore College For Girls

7858 Gladstone Park Secondary College


8750 Greensborough Secondary College

8710 Hoppers Crossing Secondary College

7198 Irymple Secondary College

7942 Kealba Secondary College

8715 Keilor Downs Secondary College


7955 Koo Wee Rup Secondary College

7960 Korumburra Secondary College

8718 Kurunjang Secondary College

7980 Lakeside Secondary College


7986 Lalor North Secondary College




8821 Lowanna College

8000 Lyndale Secondary College

8848 Manor Lakes P–12 College

7331 McGuire College

6240 Merrilands College

8045 Mildura Senior College

8775 Mill Park Secondary College

3987 Moonee Ponds Central School

8073 Mooroopna Secondary College

8873 Myrtleford P–12 College


8190 Numurkah Secondary College

8220 Ouyen P–12 College


8815 Pembroke Secondary College


8245 Princes Hill Secondary College


7275 Rosehill Secondary College

8734 Rowville Secondary College

8407 Roxburgh College


8730 St Helena Secondary College


8350 Sunbury College

8723 Sunbury Downs Secondary College

8790 Sunshine College

8787 Taylors Lakes Secondary College

8823 Templestowe College

8783 The Grange P–12 College



8422 Wanganui Park Secondary College


8437 Warrandyte High School



Japanese (91 schools)

7505 Alexandra Secondary College

8857 Altona College

8466 Bairnsdale Secondary College

7540 Ballarat High School



8832 Birchip P–12 School


7395 Brauer Secondary College

7647 Brentwood Secondary College



7655 Broadford Secondary College

7670 Buckley Park College

7690 Canterbury Girls Secondary College

8423 Carrum Downs Secondary College

7725 Cobram Secondary College

7735 Cohuna Secondary College



7122 Dromana Secondary College

7785 Drouin Secondary College

7810 Elwood College

8707 Emerald Secondary College


7820 Euroa Secondary College

7823 Fairhills High School


7850 Frankston High School

7855 Geelong High School


7183 Grovedale College

7900 Healesville High School

8421 Kambrya College

8715 Keilor Downs Secondary College





8745 Leongatha Secondary College

7219 Lilydale Heights College

8000 Lyndale Secondary College



1604 Malvern Central School


7331 McGuire College

8835 McClelland Secondary College


8027 Melton Secondary College


8030 Mentone Girls Secondary College

8065 Monbulk College

8068 Montmorency Secondary College

8075 Mordialloc College

8804 Mornington Secondary College

7267 Mount Clear College


8145 Neerim District Secondary College

8813 Noble Park Secondary College

8175 Norlane High School



8226 Parkwood Secondary College


8290 Rosebud Secondary College

7275 Rosehill Secondary College

8834 Sale College



8801 South Oakleigh Secondary College



8350 Sunbury College

8787 Taylors Lakes Secondary College

8823 Templestowe College

6260 Timboon P–12 School

8410 Upper Yarra Secondary College


7384 Victorian College Of The Arts Secondary School

8812 Viewbank College

8422 Wanganui Park Secondary College


8430 Warracknabeal Secondary College

8827 Warragul Regional College



8820 Western Heights Secondary College


8851 Wodonga Middle Years College

8480 Wodonga Senior Secondary College

8736 Wonthaggi Secondary College

Khmer (1 school)


Latin (2 schools)



Macedonian (4 schools)

7813 Epping Secondary College




Spanish (5 schools)

5483 Caroline Springs College





Turkish (1 school) 8407 Roxburgh Secondary College

Vietnamese (7 schools)

7645 Braybrook College

7841 Gilmore College For Girls



8790 Sunshine College



Appendix 4: Primary schools by language 99

Appendix 4: Primary Schools and Languages Offered, 2009

School no. School name Language 1886 Abbotsford Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and French

4220 Aberfeldie Primary School Italian

4169 Airly Primary School Auslan

5179 Albanvale Primary School Vietnamese

5427 Albany Rise Primary School Indonesian

1181 Albert Park Primary School Italian

1 Alberton Primary School Indonesian

4855 Albion North Primary School Italian

5043 Aldercourt Primary School Maori

912 Alexandra Primary School Japanese

1091 Alfredton Primary School Japanese

3599 Alphington Primary School Italian

8857 Altona College Italian and Japanese

4931 Altona North Primary School Italian

3923 Altona Primary School Japanese

6201 Alvie Consolidated School Chinese (Mandarin)

1637 Amphitheatre Primary School French

5428 Amsleigh Park Primary School German

5104 Andersons Creek Primary School Italian

4332 Anglesea Primary School Indonesian

4844 Antonio Park Primary School Indonesian

6203 Apollo Bay P–12 College Indonesian

5184 Apollo Parkways Primary School Italian

5207 Appin Park Primary School Japanese

5021 Araluen Primary School Indonesian

4995 Ararat North Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

800 Ararat Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4720 Ararat West Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4848 Ardeer Primary School Auslan

5064 Ardeer South Primary School Italian

1563 Ardmona Primary School Japanese

2634 Armadale Primary School Italian

1666 Arthurs Creek Primary School Italian

2608 Ascot Vale Primary School Italian

4025 Ascot Vale West Primary School Spanish

4317 Ashburton Primary School Italian

1492 Ashby Primary School German

5301 Aspendale Gardens Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4193 Aspendale Primary School Japanese

2948 Auburn Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4183 Auburn South Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

8 Avenel Primary School French

4812 Avondale Primary School Italian

100 Appendix 4: Primary schools by language

School no. School name Language 1008 Axedale Primary School Indonesian

28 Bacchus Marsh Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

5315 Baden Powell P–9 College Italian

3309 Badger Creek Primary School Japanese

8814 Baimbridge College Italian

754 Bairnsdale Primary School Japanese

4725 Bairnsdale West Primary School Auslan

5005 Ballam Park Primary School Indonesian

1435 Ballan Primary School Italian

4690 Ballarat North Primary School French

33 Ballarat (Dana Street) Primary School Indonesian

3787 Balliang East Primary School Auslan

8872 Balmoral P–12 Community College French

1698 Balnarring Primary School Japanese

4638 Balwyn North Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

1026 Balwyn Primary School Italian

4691 Bandiana Primary School Japanese

2222 Baranduda Primary School French

1687 Baringhup Primary School Indonesian

1574 Barwon Heads Primary School Japanese

3023 Baxter Primary School Indonesian

5421 Bayles Regional Primary School Italian

8800 Bayside P–12 College Arabic, Italian and Japanese

4143 Bayswater North Primary School German

2163 Bayswater Primary School German

4973 Bayswater South Primary School German

5039 Bayswater West Primary School Italian

3033 Beaconsfield Primary School German

2560 Beaconsfield Upper Primary School Indonesian

749 Bealiba Primary School Indonesian

60 Beaufort Primary School Japanese

4803 Beaumaris North Primary School Japanese

3899 Beaumaris Primary School Japanese

1560 Beechworth Primary School Indonesian

3551 Belgrave South Primary School Japanese

4962 Bell Park North Primary School Indonesian

4309 Bell Primary School Italian

4873 Bellaire Primary School French

319 Bellbrae Primary School Italian

5254 Bellbridge Primary School Indonesian

5453 Belle Vue Park Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4733 Belle Vue Primary School Greek

26 Belmont Primary School Italian

4902 Belvedere Park Primary School Indonesian

2256 Benalla East Primary School Indonesian


School no. School name Language 31 Benalla Primary School Indonesian

4850 Benalla West Primary School German

1267 Bendigo North Primary School Indonesian

4318 Bentleigh West Primary School Italian

5488 Benton Junior College Japanese

5213 Berwick Lodge Primary School Indonesian

40 Berwick Primary School German

1883 Bethanga Primary School French

3109 Beulah Primary School German

4813 Beverley Hills Primary School Italian

1551 Big Hill Primary School French

5193 Billanook Primary School German

5011 Bimbadeen Heights Primary School German

8832 Birchip P–12 School Japanese

5048 Birmingham Primary School Italian

723 Birregurra Primary School Italian

3933 Bittern Primary School Indonesian

2043 Black Hill Primary School Japanese

3631 Black Rock Primary School Japanese

4860 Blackburn Lake Primary School Italian

2923 Blackburn Primary School Italian

1070 Bolinda Primary School French

1324 Bolwarra Primary School French

3612 Bona Vista Primary School Japanese

4798 Bonbeach Primary School Indonesian

1184 Boneo Primary School German and Spanish

1796 Boort Primary School Indonesian

4967 Boronia Heights Primary School German

4081 Boronia Primary School German

4908 Boronia West Primary School German

5288 Boroondara Park Primary School Italian

4717 Box Hill North Primary School Japanese

5038 Brandon Park Primary School Italian

5377 Branxholme & Wallacedale Community School German

4341 Briar Hill Primary School Japanese

1097 Bridgewater Primary School Indonesian

776 Bright P–12 College German and Japanese

2048 Brighton Beach Primary School Japanese

1542 Brighton Primary School Italian

1125 Broadford Primary School Auslan

4875 Broadmeadows Primary School Italian

5098 Broadmeadows Valley Primary School Turkish

3179 Brunswick East Primary School Italian

3585 Brunswick North Primary School Italian

2743 Brunswick South Primary School Italian


School no. School name Language 4304 Brunswick South West Primary School Italian

2072 Buangor Primary School French

1288 Bullarto Primary School Italian

2017 Buln Buln Primary School Japanese

5392 Bundalaguah Primary School Japanese

5228 Bundarra Primary School French

4944 Bundoora Primary School German

1270 Buninyong Primary School Japanese

2229 Bunyip Primary School Japanese

454 Burwood East Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4932 Burwood Heights Primary School French

5384 Caledonian Primary School Italian

888 Camberwell Primary School French

4170 Camberwell South Primary School Italian

5312 Cambridge Primary School Italian

5111 Camelot Rise Primary School French

1976 Camp Hill Primary School Indonesian

5034 Campbellfield Heights Primary School Arabic

120 Campbells Creek Primary School Indonesian

3572 Canterbury Primary School Italian

3689 Cardinia Primary School Auslan

4263 Cardross Primary School Italian

1030 Carisbrook Primary School Auslan

3497 Carlisle River Primary School Indonesian

2605 Carlton Gardens Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

1252 Carlton North Primary School Italian

2897 Carnegie Primary School Italian

5483 Caroline Springs College Spanish

1704 Carraragarmungee Primary School Indonesian

5426 Carrington Primary School French

3613 Carrum Downs Primary School Japanese

3385 Carrum Primary School German

5435 Carwatha P–12 College French

2058 Casterton Primary School French

2051 Castlemaine North Primary School Indonesian

119 Castlemaine Primary School French

3820 Caulfield Junior College French

5489 Caulfield Primary School Japanese

4315 Caulfield South Primary School Italian

116 Cavendish Primary School German

1602 Ceres Primary School Italian

4941 Chandler Primary School French

4314 Chatham Primary School Japanese

3729 Chelsea Primary School Indonesian

4754 Cheltenham East Primary School Italian


School no. School name Language 84 Cheltenham Primary School Greek

1054 Chewton Primary School Indonesian

327 Chiltern Primary School French

2061 Chilwell Primary School Italian

1362 Christmas Hills Primary School Italian, Japanese and Spanish

3279 Chum Creek Primary School Japanese

5117 Churchill North Primary School German

3336 Clarinda Primary School Greek

3035 Clarkefield Primary School French

734 Clayton North Primary School Japanese

4384 Clayton South Primary School Spanish

3684 Clifton Creek Primary School Japanese

1360 Clifton Hill Primary School French, Greek and Italian

5280 Clifton Springs Primary School Indonesian

4712 Coatesville Primary School French

4387 Cobains Primary School Japanese

4543 Coburg North Primary School Italian

484 Coburg Primary School Greek, Italian and Turkish

3941 Coburg West Primary School Greek and Italian

5090 Coburn Primary School Italian

3535 Cockatoo Primary School Japanese

6211 Cohuna Consolidated School Indonesian

716 Coimadai Primary School Auslan

4775 Colac South West Primary School Indonesian

5127 Coldstream Primary School Indonesian

6212 Collingwood College Chinese (Mandarin)

4929 Comet Hill Primary School Auslan and French

2136 Morwell (Commercial Road) Primary School Japanese

1136 Concongella Primary School German

4952 Coolaroo South Primary School Arabic and Turkish

5108 Coomoora Primary School French

5292 Coral Park Primary School Indonesian

8843 Corryong College Indoensian

5371 Courtenay Gardens Primary School Indonesian

5243 Craigieburn South Primary School Indonesian

4887 Cranbourne Park Primary School Indonesian

4755 Cranbourne South Primary School Indonesian

5189 Cranbourne West Primary School German and Italian

2041 Creswick North Primary School Indonesian

122 Creswick Primary School Indonesian

5255 Croydon Hills Primary School Indonesian

1992 Croydon North Primary School German

4879 Croydon West Primary School Japanese

105 Cudgee Primary School Japanese

3907 Currawa Primary School Japanese


School no. School name Language 4933 Dallas North Primary School Auslan, Arabic and Turkish

4900 Dallas Primary School Arabic, Italian and Turkish

4723 Dandenong North Primary School French

1403 Dandenong Primary School French

4217 Dandenong West Primary School French

5200 Darley Primary School Italian

2319 Darnum Primary School Japanese

878 Darraweit Guim Primary School French

1035 Dartmoor Primary School Japanese

1609 Daylesford Primary School Italian

1772 Dederang Primary School Indonesian

5084 Deer Park North Primary School Italian

5032 Deer Park West Primary School Indonesian

5201 Delacombe Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4996 Derinya Primary School Japanese

5375 Derrinallum P–12 College Japanese

1764 Devenish Primary School Indonesian

3944 Dhurringile Primary School French

5037 Diamond Creek East Primary School Auslan

1003 Diamond Creek Primary School Italian

2479 Diggers Rest Primary School Italian

4257 Dingley Primary School Japanese

1585 Dixons Creek Primary School German

3956 Don Valley Primary School German

5019 Donburn Primary School Italian

5454 Doncaster Gardens Primary School Indonesian

197 Doncaster Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4961 Donvale Primary School Italian

1527 Dookie Primary School Japanese

945 Doreen Primary School Italian

5132 Dorset Primary School French

184 Dromana Primary School Japanese

2313 Drouin South Primary School French

1848 Drummond Primary School Italian

1645 Drysdale Primary School Indonesian

6215 Dunkeld Consolidated School Indonesian

1582 Dunolly Primary School Auslan

1428 Eaglehawk North Primary School Auslan

4837 East Bentleigh Primary School French

6217 East Loddon P–12 College German

5133 Eastbourne Primary School Indonesian

4702 Eastwood Primary School Auslan

208 Echuca Primary School Indonesian

4994 Echuca South Primary School Indonesian

3916 Echuca West Primary School Indonesian


School no. School name Language 5432 Edenhope College German

3790 Edithvale Primary School French

3931 Eildon Primary School Italian

2028 Elliminyt Primary School Indonesian

2189 Ellinbank Primary School Japanese

959 Elmhurst Primary School French

220 Elphinstone Primary School Italian

2870 Elsternwick Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4897 Eltham East Primary School Japanese

4212 Eltham North Primary School Italian

209 Eltham Primary School Indonesian

3942 Elwood Primary School Indonesian

3381 Emerald Primary School Japanese

1788 Eppalock Primary School Indonesian

2318 Eskdale Primary School Indonesian

4015 Essendon North Primary School Italian

483 Essendon Primary School Japanese

4903 Essex Heights Primary School German

5116 Eumemmerring Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

1706 Euroa Primary School Italian

5399 Everton Primary School Italian

3423 Exford Primary School Auslan

2711 Fairfield Primary School Greek

4906 Fairhills Primary School German

5067 Falls Creek Primary School Japanese

3590 Fawkner Primary School Italian

4718 Ferntree Gully North Primary School Japanese

3228 Ferny Creek Primary School Japanese

3028 Fish Creek and District Primary School Indonesian

450 Fitzroy Primary School Italian

250 Flemington Primary School French and Italian

253 Footscray Primary School Italian and Vietnamese

3890 Footscray West Primary School Italian

4936 Forest Street Primary School Auslan

5072 Fountain Gate Primary School Indonesian

4682 Frankston East Primary School Indonesian

4815 Frankston Heights Primary School Japanese

1464 Frankston Primary School Japanese

3897 Gardenvale Primary School Japanese

2724 Garfield Primary School Indonesian

2506 Gembrook Primary School Japanese

262 Gisborne Primary School German

5066 Gladesville Primary School Italian

5007 Gladstone Park Primary School Italian

5093 Gladstone Views Primary School Italian


School no. School name Language 3982 Gladysdale Primary School German

3703 Glen Huntly Primary School German

1148 Glen Iris Primary School French

5260 Glen Katherine Primary School Italian

5425 Glen Waverley Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

5436 Glen Waverley South Primary School Japanese

5010 Glendal Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

1508 Glenferrie Primary School Italian

5050 Glengala/Sunshine West Primary School Vietnamese

1742 Glenrowan Primary School Indonesian

4782 Glenroy North Primary School Italian

4809 Glenroy West Primary School Japanese

1189 Golden Square Primary School French

4545 Goongerah Primary School Auslan

755 Gordon Primary School Indonesian

6223 Goroke P–12 College Indonesian

3696 Grahamvale Primary School Italian

5381 Grasmere Primary School Japanese

5478 Great Ryrie Primary School Indonesian

2062 Greensborough Primary School Japanese

890 Greenvale Primary School Indonesian

5398 Greta Valley Primary School French

3584 Traralgon (Grey Street) Primary School German

4694 Greythorn Primary School French

283 Grovedale Primary School Indonesian

5076 Grovedale West Primary School Auslan

2956 Gruyere Primary School Japanese

264 Guildford Primary School Indonesian

2231 Gunbower Primary School Indonesian

4853 Guthridge Primary School French

5020 Shepparton (Guthrie Street) Primary School Auslan

1076 Haddon Primary School Japanese

244 Hallam Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and German

3058 Halls Gap Primary School German

295 Hamilton (Gray Street) Primary School Italian

4804 Hamlyn Banks Primary School Italian

4062 Hampton Park Primary School Indonesian

3754 Hampton Primary School Spanish

1697 Harkaway Primary School German

843 Harrietville Primary School German

4730 Harrisfield Primary School Auslan

4055 Hartwell Primary School Italian

5434 Hawkesdale P–12 College Chinese (Mandarin)

293 Hawthorn West Primary School Italian

849 Healesville Primary School Auslan and Japanese


School no. School name Language 5345 Heany Park Primary School Indonesian

4819 Heathmont East Primary School Japanese

294 Heidelberg Primary School Japanese

4681 Herne Hill Primary School Indonesian

1004 Hesket Primary School Indonesian

6225 Heywood Consolidated School Indonesian

304 Highton Primary School Italian

4986 Highvale Primary School German and Chinese (Mandarin)

2541 Hoddles Creek Primary School German

3167 Hopetoun Primary School German

298 Horsham Primary School Auslan and Italian

4926 Horsham North Primary School Italian

4697 Horsham West - Haven Primary School German

4176 Hughesdale Primary School Indonesian

4716 Huntingdale Primary School Japanese

306 Huntly Primary School Indonesian

3939 Hurstbridge Primary School Italian

1147 Inverleigh Primary School French

5152 Iramoo Primary School Italian

3174 Irymple Primary School Italian

3702 Irymple South Primary School Italian

4386 Ivanhoe East Primary School Italian

2436 Ivanhoe Primary School Italian

5136 James Cook Primary School Indonesian

814 Jamieson Primary School Japanese

5176 Jells Park Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

2988 Jeparit Primary School Japanese

1951 Jindivick Primary School Spanish

5121 Kalinda Primary School Japanese

5418 Kananook Primary School Japanese

981 Kangaroo Flat Primary School Indonesian

2105 Kangaroo Ground Primary School Italian

5053 Karingal Heights Primary School Indonesian

5295 Karoo Primary School Indonesian

4689 Katunga Primary School Indonesian

2269 Katunga South Primary School French

5242 Keilor Downs Primary School Italian, Japanese and Spanish

3686 Kennington Primary School Auslan

2374 Kensington Primary School Indonesian

5082 Kent Park Primary School Japanese

4949 Kerang South Primary School Indonesian

4816 Kerrimuir Primary School Japanese

3161 Kew East Primary School Italian

1075 Kew Primary School French

1366 Kialla Central Primary School Italian


School no. School name Language 1727 Kialla West Primary School Italian

6229 Kiewa Valley Primary School Indonesian

5350 Kilberry Valley Primary School Indonesian

1568 Kilmore Primary School Auslan

2188 Kinglake Primary School Indonesian

5236 Kings Park Primary School Japanese

4845 Kingsbury Primary School Aboriginal Languages

5135 Kingsley Park Primary School Auslan

5101 Kingston Heath Primary School Italian

3988 Kingsville Primary School Italian

5106 Kingswood Primary School Japanese

5234 Knox Gardens Primary School Indonesian

4990 Knox Park Primary School Japanese

2629 Koo Wee Rup Primary School Italian

2265 Koondrook Primary School Indonesian

618 Koroit And District Primary School Italian

3077 Korumburra Primary School Italian

5182 Kunyung Primary School French

4863 Laburnum Primary School Italian

854 Lake Bolac College French

2122 Lake Charm Primary School Auslan

863 Lal Lal Primary School Japanese

4976 Lalor East Primary School Italian

5035 Lalor North Primary School Greek, Italian and Macedonian

1862 Landsborough Primary School French

1275 Langley Primary School Indonesian

5257 Langwarrin Park Primary School Italian

3531 Langwarrin Primary School French

769 Lara Lake Primary School Italian

2599 Launching Place Primary School Japanese

6231 Lavers Hill P–12 College French, Italian, Japanese and Spanish

8861 Laverton P–12 College Indonesian, Italian

386 Learmonth Primary School Italian

2087 Leitchville Primary School Indonesian

2981 Leongatha Primary School Indonesian

1146 Leopold Primary School Indonesian

1386 Lethbridge Primary School Japanese

876 Lilydale Primary School Japanese

5057 Lilydale West Primary School Indonesian

2093 Little Bendigo Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

1961 Little River Primary School Indonesian

5113 Livingstone Primary School German

4139 Lloyd Street Primary School Indonesian

5245 Loch Sport Primary School French

1694 Longford Primary School Japanese


School no. School name Language 2707 Longwood Primary School Japanese

1231 Lucknow Primary School Japanese

5494 Lynbrook Primary School Auslan

4771 Lyndale Primary School French

1866 Lysterfield Primary School Indonesian

1571 Macarthur Primary School French

2022 Macarthur Street Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

3620 Macclesfield Primary School Japanese

1660 Macedon Primary School Indonesian and Spanish

5297 Mackellar Primary School Italian

6242 Macleod College German

1592 Maiden Gully Primary School Indonesian

1604 Malvern Central School Japanese

2586 Malvern Primary School Italian

4669 Malvern Valley Primary School Japanese

5009 Manchester Primary School Japanese

5185 Mandama Primary School German

4224 Manifold Heights Primary School Indonesian

4940 Manningham Park Primary School Italian

8848 Manor Lakes P–12 College Italian

1112 Mansfield Primary School Auslan

5110 Maple Street Primary School Auslan

5103 Maralinga Primary School French

5293 Maramba Primary School Indonesian

3433 Marlo Primary School Indonesian

1554 Marnoo Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

400 Marong Primary School Indonesian

1943 Maroona Primary School French

8845 Maryborough Education Centre Indonesian

4366 McKinnon Primary School Indonesian

5227 Meadow Heights Primary School Turkish

5524 Meadows Primary School Arabic

5141 Melrose Primary School Indonesian

430 Melton Primary School French, German and Italian

5036 Melton West Primary School German

4955 Mentone Park Primary School Italian

2950 Mentone Primary School Indonesian

2457 Menzies Creek Primary School Japanese

3780 Merbein South Primary School Japanese

3996 Merbein West Primary School Japanese

488 Mernda Primary School Italian

3110 Merri Creek Primary School Italian

1379 Merrijig Primary School French

6240 Merrilands College Italian

4215 Merrivale Primary School Japanese


School no. School name Language 3050 Metung Primary School French

1051 Mickleham Primary School Indonesian

1115 Middle Indigo Primary School Indonesian

3315 Middle Kinglake Primary School Auslan

2815 Middle Park Primary School Italian

737 Milawa Primary School Italian

4389 Mildura South Primary School Auslan

5212 Milgate Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

5325 Mill Park Heights Primary School Italian

5160 Mill Park Primary School German

4969 Milleara Primary School Italian

5441 Millwarra Primary School Italian

1739 Miners Rest Primary School Indonesian

2383 Mirboo North Primary School Italian

2904 Mitcham Primary School Indonesian

887 Mitta Mitta Primary School Indonesian

4662 Moe (South Street) Primary School Indonesian

3265 Monbulk Primary School Italian

5336 Monmia Primary School Japanese

3943 Mont Albert Primary School Italian

4112 Montmorency Primary School Italian

4972 Montpellier Primary School French

2259 Montrose Primary School German

1911 Moolap Primary School Indonesian

4876 Moomba Park Primary School Italian

1683 Moonambel Primary School French

3987 Moonee Ponds Central School Italian

2901 Moonee Ponds West Primary School Japanese

1111 Moorabbin Primary School Italian

2327 Moorooduc Primary School Japanese

5059 Mooroolbark East Primary School German

1612 Mooroopna North Primary School Italian

846 Mordialloc Beach Primary School French

2837 Moreland Primary School Arabic and Italian

4117 Moriac Primary School Italian

5376 Mortlake P–12 College Indonesia and Maori

4975 Morwell Park Primary School German

5002 Mossfiel Primary School Italian

5205 Mossgiel Park Primary School German

4644 Mount Beauty Primary School Indonesian

2037 Mount Blowhard Primary School Japanese

3284 Mount Dandenong Primary School German

5380 Mount Duneed Regional Primary School Italian

5140 Mount Eliza North Primary School French

1368 Mount Eliza Primary School German


School no. School name Language 3642 Mount Evelyn Primary School Italian

415 Mount Macedon Primary School Italian

5171 Mount Martha Primary School Japanese

1436 Mount Pleasant Primary School Japanese

4808 Nunawading (Mount Pleasant Road) Primary School

German

4923 Mount View Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

5430 Mount Waverley North Primary School German

3432 Mount Waverley Primary School Japanese

4905 Mountain Gate Primary School Japanese

5139 Movelle Primary School Japanese

1335 Moyhu Primary School French

1263 Moyston Primary School Japanese

2172 Mulgrave Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4886 Mullum Primary School Italian

3859 Murrabit Group School Indonesian

5433 Murrayville Community College Indonesian

3449 Murrumbeena Primary School Japanese

1549 Murtoa College German

487 Myrniong Primary School Japanese

8873 Myrtleford P–12 College Italian

5395 Nambrok Denison Primary School Japanese

3708 Nanneella Estate Primary School Indonesian

1072 Napoleons Primary School French

2248 Nar Nar Goon Primary School French

5382 Narrawong District Primary School French

8839 Narre Warren South P–12 College Indonesian

2060 Nathalia Primary School Italian

1347 Natte Yallock Primary School French

1330 Navarre Primary School French

2432 Neerim South Primary School Japanese

467 New Gisborne Primary School Indonesian

4650 Newborough Primary School Indonesian

1913 Newham Primary School French

2930 Newmerella Primary School Japanese

452 Newstead Primary School Indonesian

1887 Newtown Primary School Indonesian

8833 Nhill College Indonesian

1716 Nicholson Primary School Japanese

5410 Niddrie Primary School Italian

2712 Nilma Primary School Japanese

3675 Noble Park Primary School Japanese

1178 Noorat Primary School Indonesian

3618 Norris Bank Primary School Japanese

1402 North Melbourne Primary School Italian

1401 Northcote Primary School Italian


School no. School name Language 3738 Nowa Nowa Primary School Aboriginal Languages

1652 Nullawarre and District Primary School Japanese

2134 Numurkah Primary School French

4190 Nunawading Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and Italian

4226 Nungurner Primary School German and Japanese

4721 Oak Park Primary School Japanese

1601 Oakleigh Primary School Japanese

4823 Oakleigh South Primary School Japanese

5363 Oatlands Primary School Indonesian

4983 Oberon South Primary School Indonesian

3100 Ocean Grove Primary School Indonesian

2742 Officer Primary School Auslan

4715 Old Orchard Primary School German

4767 Orbost North Primary School Indonesian

2744 Orbost Primary School Indonesian

5285 Orchard Grove Primary School German

3074 Ormond Primary School Korean

3805 Orrvale Primary School Italian

1463 Osbornes Flat Primary School French

4780 Overport Primary School Japanese

6243 Pakenham Consolidated School Indonesian

5504 Pakenham Lakeside Primary School Indonesian

1079 Panmure Primary School Japanese

1134 Panton Hill Primary School Italian

4854 Park Orchards Primary School Italian

5281 Park Ridge Primary School Indonesian

4171 Parkdale Primary School Indonesian

5416 Parkhill Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4881 Parkmore Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4843 Parktone Primary School French

3081 Pascoe Vale Primary School Italian

4704 Pascoe Vale South Primary School Italian

5190 Patterson Lakes Primary School French and Italian

2961 Pearcedale Primary School Auslan

4937 Pembroke Primary School Italian

3806 Penders Grove Primary School Italian

5369 Pentland Primary School Italian

5367 Peranbin Primary College Japanese

3261 Perseverance Primary School Italian

4874 Pinewood Primary School Chinese (Mandarin), Greek, Indonesian and Italian

695 Ballarat (Pleasant Street) Primary School Japanese

1915 Plenty Parklands Primary School Indonesian

4159 Point Cook P–9 College Indonesian

3322 Point Lonsdale Primary School French and Indonesian

2859 Pomonal Primary School Japanese


School no. School name Language 6245 Poowong Consolidated School German

1144 Porepunkah Primary School Italian

1194 Portland North Primary School French

489 Portland Primary School French

4750 Portland South Primary School French

4316 Preston East Primary School Italian

4764 Preston North East Primary School Italian

1494 Preston Primary School Italian

824 Preston South Primary School Chinese (Mandarin), Greek and Macedonian

3885 Preston West Primary School Italian

2955 Princes Hill Primary School Italian

1855 Puckapunyal Primary School Indonesian

2005 Pyalong Primary School Indonesian

1712 Pyramid Hill College Indonesian

2443 Quambatook Group School Indonesian

1165 Quarry Hill Primary School Indonesian

1190 Queenscliff Primary School Indonesian

5346 Ranfurly Primary School Indonesian

5232 Rangebank Primary School Auslan

5431 Rangeview Primary School German

4057 Red Cliffs Primary School Auslan and Indonesian

6249 Red Hill Consolidated School German, Italian

2571 Redesdale Mia Mia Primary School Indonesian

5131 Regency Park Primary School Spanish

2959 Research Primary School Japanese

4686 Reservoir East Primary School Chinese (Mandarin), German, Greek and Italian

3960 Reservoir Primary School Italian

4711 Reservoir West Primary School Italian

5269 Richmond Primary School Greek

5044 Richmond West Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and Vietnamese

4911 Ringwood Heights Primary School Indonesian

4120 Ringwood North Primary School Indonesian

2129 Ripplebrook Primary School French

4087 Ripponlea Primary School Italian

5130 River Gum Primary School Indonesian

5419 Roberts McCubbin Primary School Italian

795 Rochester Primary School Indonesian

919 Rockbank Primary School Indonesian

5241 Rolling Hills Primary School German

4867 Rollins Primary School Italian

366 Romsey Primary School Indonesian

4753 Rosanna Golf Links Primary School Italian

4568 Rosanna Primary School Italian

2627 Rosebud Primary School French

770 Rosedale Primary School French


School no. School name Language 5087 Rosewood Downs Primary School Japanese

4663 Roslyn Primary School Indonesian

5000 Rowville Primary School Italian

5443 Roxburgh Homestead Primary School Italian

5485 Roxburgh Park Primary School Italian

5493 Roxburgh Rise Primary School Italian

1595 Rupanyup Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4916 Ruskin Park Primary School Japanese

522 Rutherglen Primary School Japanese

4956 Ruthven Primary School Italian

545 Sale Primary School Japanese

4429 Sandringham East Primary School Japanese

267 Sandringham Primary School Italian

3222 Sassafras Primary School German

1028 Scoresby Primary School French

5337 Seabrook Primary School Italian

4974 Seaford North Primary School German

5191 Seaford Park Primary School Indonesian

3835 Seaford Primary School Indonesian

4440 Seaholme Primary School Japanese

1167 Sebastopol Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4685 Selby Primary School Japanese

5168 Serpell Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and Greek

2820 Seville Primary School Auslan

547 Seymour Primary School Indonesian

1713 Shepparton East Primary School Italian

6252 Sherbrooke Community School Chinese (Mandarin)

1801 Silvan Primary School Japanese

5120 Silverton Primary School French

4895 Simpson Primary School Indonesian

1222 Skye Primary School Japanese

4641 Solway Primary School Japanese

4458 Somers Primary School German

2656 Somerville Primary School Indonesian

5372 Somerville Rise Primary School Indonesian

5235 Southern Cross Primary School French

4910 Southmoor Primary School Italian

1316 Specimen Hill Primary School Indonesian

3146 Spensley Street Primary School Italian

3505 Spring Gully Primary School German

1583 Springhurst Primary School Japanese

5373 Springvale Heights Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

5015 Springvale South Primary School Italian

4966 Springvale West Primary School Spanish

4912 Springview Primary School Italian


School no. School name Language 4741 St Albans East Primary School Auslan

4948 St Albans Heights Primary School French

5118 St Albans Meadows Primary School Italian

4945 St Albans South Primary School Vietnamese

4666 Shepparton (St Georges Road) Primary School Italian

2460 St Kilda Park Primary School Italian

1479 St Kilda Primary School Japanese

866 St Leonards Primary School Indonesian

502 Stawell Primary School German

4934 Stawell West Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

1896 Stonnington Primary School Greek

596 Stratford Primary School French

5463 Strathaird Primary School Italian

3947 Strathewen Primary School Italian

1211 Strathfieldsaye Primary School Indonesian

2790 Strathmerton Primary School French

4821 Strathmore North Primary School Japanese

5438 Streeton Primary School Italian

1002 Sunbury Primary School Italian

5006 Sunbury West Primary School Indonesian

5526 Sunshine Harvester Primary School Italian

4745 Sunshine North Primary School Vietnamese

3113 Sunshine Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

5354 Surfside Primary School Indonesian

2778 Surrey Hills Primary School Italian

4832 Sussex Heights Primary School Japanese

1142 Swan Hill Primary School Indonesian

3488 Swan Marsh Primary School French

1631 Swan Reach Primary School Japanese

3559 Sydenham - Hillside Primary School Japanese

4924 Syndal South Primary School Japanese

2544 Taggerty Primary School Japanese

954 Talbot Primary School French

1954 Talgarno Primary School French

1365 Tallangatta Primary School Indonesian

2337 Tallangatta Valley Primary School Indonesian

1488 Tallarook Primary School Afrikaans

1023 Tarnagulla Primary School Indonesian

4275 Tarwin Lower Primary School Indonesian

5420 Tarwin Valley Primary School Indonesian

2282 Tawonga Primary School French

3356 Tecoma Primary School Japanese

2065 Teesdale Primary School Italian

5004 Templestowe Heights Primary School Italian

5129 Templestowe Park Primary School Japanese


School no. School name Language 4985 Templestowe Valley Primary School Italian

5196 Templeton Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

5386 Tempy Primary School Auslan and German

6236 Terang College French

2329 The Basin Primary School German

3581 The Lake Primary School Indonesian

5173 The Patch Primary School Japanese

5343 Thomas Chirnside Primary School Karen

5294 Thomas Mitchell Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and Indonesian

2056 Thoona Primary School French

1371 Thornton Primary School Japanese

5479 Timbarra Primary School Indonesian

6260 Timboon P–12 School Japanese

1207 Timor Primary School French

5075 Tinternvale Primary School Japanese

6255 Tongala Primary School French

1225 Tooborac Primary School Indonesian

1455 Toolamba Primary School Italian

3237 Toolangi Primary School Japanese

856 Toongabbie Primary School Indonesian

2253 Toora Primary School Indonesian

1503 Tooradin Primary School Italian

3016 Toorak Primary School French

3368 Torquay P–9 College Indonesian

4700 Traralgon (Liddiard Road) Primary School Auslan

2114 Traralgon South Primary School Indonesian

1150 Trawalla Primary School French

1588 Trentham District Primary School Italian

4687 Tucker Road Bentleigh Primary School Italian

4852 Tullamarine Primary School Japanese

3129 Tyabb Primary School Indonesian

2182 Tyers Primary School Auslan

1771 Undera Primary School Italian

4993 Upfield Primary School Arabic and Turkish

3926 Upper Ferntree Gully Primary School Japanese

1244 Upper Plenty Primary School Japanese

3145 Upper Sandy Creek Primary School Indonesian

4530 Upwey Primary School German

4894 Upwey South Primary School German

2103 Urquhart Park Primary School Japanese

4778 Valkstone Primary School Japanese

1022 Vermont Primary School Indonesian

4892 Viewbank Primary School Japanese

5401 Waaia Yalca South Primary School Japanese

644 Wahgunyah Primary School French


School no. School name Language 3139 Wales Street Primary School Chinese (Mandarin), Greek and Italian

664 Wallan Primary School Indonesian

5055 Wallarano Primary School Italian

3345 Wallington Primary School Indonesian

275 Wandiligong Primary School Italian

3892 Wandin North Primary School Indonesian

1033 Wandin Yallock Primary School French

643 Wangaratta Primary School Italian

4642 Wangaratta West Primary School Japanese

3709 Wantirna Primary School Chinese (Mandarin), Indonesian and Spanish

4582 Wantirna South Primary School Indonesian

1485 Warburton Primary School Indonesian

1334 Warracknabeal Primary School Japanese

12 Warrandyte Primary School Japanese

3476 Warranwood Primary School Japanese

1743 Warrnambool Primary School Japanese

4988 Watsonia North Primary School Indonesian

4838 Watsonia Primary School Italian

3841 Wattle Park Primary School Italian

859 Waubra Primary School Indonesian

5105 Waverley Meadows Primary School Japanese

6262 Wedderburn College Indonesian

5206 Wedge Park Primary School Italian

5157 Weeden Heights Primary School French and Indonesian

4041 Welton Primary School Indonesian

1813 Wendouree Primary School Japanese

649 Werribee Primary School Karen

3466 Wesburn Primary School Auslan

4158 Westbreen Primary School Italian

4177 Westgarth Primary School Greek

5365 Westgrove Primary School Italian

982 Westmeadows Primary School Italian

5094 Wheelers Hill Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and French

1916 White Hills Primary School French

5397 Whitfield District Primary School Italian

1373 Whorouly Primary School Italian

2662 Willaura Primary School Japanese

1409 Williamstown North Primary School Japanese

1183 Williamstown Primary School Italian

5342 Willmott Park Primary School Auslan

2520 Willow Grove Primary School French

2015 Winchelsea Primary School Japanese

1856 Windermere Primary School Japanese

652 Winters Flat Primary School Indonesian

1870 Winton Primary School Indonesian


School no. School name Language 37 Wodonga Primary School Japanese

4814 Wodonga West Primary School Japanese

3241 Wonga Park Primary School Japanese

648 Woodford Primary School Japanese

5319 Woodlands Primary School Italian

5049 Woodville Primary School Japanese

688 Woolsthorpe Primary School Indonesian

653 Wooragee Primary School French, Indonesian

4989 Wooranna Park Primary School French, German, Japanese and Spanish

1259 Woori Yallock Primary School German

5439 Woorinen District Primary School Indonesian

2518 Wurruk Primary School Japanese

1103 Yackandandah Primary School Indonesian

691 Yandoit Primary School Italian

5271 Yarra Primary School Chinese (Mandarin) and Greek

4219 Yarra Road Primary School Indonesian

2178 Yarragon Primary School German

4807 Yarraman Oaks Primary School Japanese

2054 Yarrambat Primary School Italian

2832 Yarraville West Primary School Italian

1819 Yarrawonga Primary School Italian

4761 Yarrunga Primary School Japanese

5429 Yawarra Primary School Chinese (Mandarin)

4705 Yellingbo Primary School German

1034 Yering Primary School Auslan and Japanese

5520 Yuille Park P–8 Community College Indonesian

4359 Zeerust Primary School Japanese

Appendix 5: Secondary colleges by language 119

Appendix 5: Secondary Colleges and Languages Offered, 2009

7505 Alexandra Secondary College Indonesian and Japanese

8874 Alkira Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin)

8857 Altona College Italian and Japanese

6203 Apollo Bay P–12 College Indonesian

8753 Ararat Community College Secondary French

8743 Ashwood Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin) and French

8777 Bacchus Marsh College Chinese (Mandarin)

5315 Baden Powell P–9 College Italian

8814 Baimbridge College Italian

8466 Bairnsdale Secondary College German and Japanese

7540 Ballarat High School German and Japanese

8828 Ballarat Secondary College Indonesian

8872 Balmoral P–12 Community College French

7550 Balwyn High School Classical Greek and Greek

8863 Banksia/La Trobe Secondary College Auslan and Chinese (Mandarin)

8800 Bayside P–12 College Arabic, Italian and Japanese

7560 Bayswater Secondary College German

7565 Beaufort Secondary College Aboriginal Languages

7575 Beechworth Secondary College French and Indonesian

8250 Bellarine Secondary College French and Indonesian

7585 Belmont High School German, Indonesian and Italian

8810 Benalla College German and Indonesian

7595 Bendigo Senior Secondary College Auslan, Chinese (Mandarin), French, German and Indonesian

7837 Bendigo South East 7–10 Secondary College Auslan, Chinese (Mandarin), German and Indonesian

7255 Bentleigh Secondary College Greek, Indonesian and Japanese

7603 Berwick Secondary College German and Indonesian

8832 Birchip P–12 School Japanese

7610 Blackburn High School French, German and Japanese

7625 Boort Secondary College French

7048 Boronia Heights College German and Indonesian

7635 Box Hill High School Chinese (Mandarin) and German

7395 Brauer Secondary College Japanese

7645 Braybrook College Italian and Vietnamese

7647 Brentwood Secondary College German and Japanese

776 Bright P–12 College German and Japanese

7650 Brighton Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French and Japanese

7340 Brimbank College Chinese (Mandarin) and Italian

7655 Broadford Secondary College Japanese

8807 Brunswick Secondary College Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin) and Italian

7670 Buckley Park College German and Japanese

7874 Bundoora Secondary College German

7680 Camberwell High School Chinese (Mandarin), French and Indonesian

6259 Camperdown College Indonesian

120 Appendix 5: Secondary colleges by language

7690 Canterbury Girls Secondary College French and Japanese

5483 Caroline Springs College Spanish

5486 Carranballac P–9 College Indonesian

8423 Carrum Downs Secondary College Japanese

5435 Carwatha P–12 College French

7695 Casterton Secondary College Indonesian

8824 Castlemaine Secondary College French, German and Indonesian

7250 Chaffey Secondary College Indonesian and Italian

7720 Cheltenham Secondary College Italian

7725 Cobram Secondary College Japanese

7735 Cohuna Secondary College Japanese

8864 Colac Secondary College French

6212 Collingwood College Chinese (Mandarin)

8799 Copperfield College German, Italian and Japanese

8843 Corryong College Indonesian

8705 Craigieburn Secondary College Indonesian and Italian

7747 Cranbourne Secondary College German

7755 Croydon Secondary College German

7205 Crusoe 7–10 Secondary College French, German and Indonesian

8858 Dandenong High School French, Japanese and Latin

7115 Daylesford Secondary College Italian

7763 Debney Park Secondary College Italian

7764 Deer Park Secondary College Italian

8746 Diamond Valley College Italian

7770 Dimboola Memorial Secondary College German

7775 Donald High School French

7776 Doncaster Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French, Indonesian and Italian

7122 Dromana Secondary College Indonesian and Japanese

7785 Drouin Secondary College French and Japanese

7790 Eaglehawk Secondary College French and Indonesian

7773 East Doncaster Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin) and Italian

6217 East Loddon P–12 College German

8855 Echuca College Indonesian

5432 Edenhope College German

7805 Eltham High School French and Indonesian

7810 Elwood College Chinese (Mandarin), French and Japanese

8707 Emerald Secondary College Japanese

8871 Endeavour Hills Secondary College German

7813 Epping Secondary College Italian and Macedonian

8806 Essendon East Keilor District College Chinese (Mandarin), Italian and Japanese

7820 Euroa Secondary College Japanese

7823 Fairhills High School German and Japanese

7825 Fawkner Secondary College Italian

8742 Fitzroy High School Italian

8836 Footscray City College Italian, Japanese and Spanish

8724 Forest Hill College Auslan, Chinese (Mandarin), French and German


8870 Fountain Gate Secondary College German and Indonesian

7850 Frankston High School French and Japanese

7402 Galvin Park Secondary College Italian

7855 Geelong High School German and Japanese

7841 Gilmore College For Girls Italian and Vietnamese

7857 Gisborne Secondary College French, Indonesian and Japanese

7858 Gladstone Park Secondary College French and Italian

8704 Glen Eira College Chinse (Mandarin) and French

8808 Glen Waverley Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French and Italian

8869 Gleneagles Secondary College German and Indonesian

6223 Goroke P–12 College Indonesian

8750 Greensborough Secondary College Italian

7183 Grovedale College Indonesian and Japanese

8868 Hallam Senior Secondary College German

8709 Hampton Park Secondary College French

5434 Hawkesdale P–12 College Chinese (Mandarin)

7934 Hawthorn Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin)

7900 Healesville High School Japanese

8816 Heathmont College German and Indonesian

7910 Heywood District Secondary College French

7918 Highvale Secondary College French and German

7920 Hopetoun Secondary College German

8710 Hoppers Crossing Secondary College Italian

8818 Horsham College Chinese (Mandarin) and German

7198 Irymple Secondary College Indonesian and Italian

8421 Kambrya College German and Japanese

7942 Kealba Secondary College Italian

8715 Keilor Downs Secondary College Italian and Japanese

7945 Kerang Tech High School Indonesian

7950 Kew High School French, Italian and Japanese

8867 Keysborough Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French and Vietnamese

7955 Koo Wee Rup Secondary College Italian

7954 Koonung Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French and Japanese

7960 Korumburra Secondary College Italian

8716 Kurnai College German

8718 Kurunjang Secondary College Italian

7965 Kyabram P–12 College French, Indonesian and Japanese

7970 Kyneton Secondary College French and Indonesian

854 Lake Bolac College French

7980 Lakeside Secondary College Greek and Italian

7986 Lalor North Secondary College Italian

7985 Lalor Secondary College French, Greek, Italian and Macedonian

8841 Lara Secondary College Indonesian

6231 Lavers Hill P–12 College French, Italian, Japanese and Spanish

8861 Laverton P–12 College Indonesian and Italian

8745 Leongatha Secondary College Indonesian and Japanese


7219 Lilydale Heights College Indonesian and Japanese

7995 Lilydale High School French and Indonesian

8821 Lowanna College Indonesian and Italian

8000 Lyndale Secondary College Italian and Japanese

7108 Lyndhurst Secondary College Indonesian

8135 Mac Robertson Girls High School French, German, Indonesian and Japanese

6242 Macleod College German

8005 Maffra Secondary College French, Indonesian and Japanese

1604 Malvern Central School Japanese

6235 Manangatang P–12 College Indonesian

8848 Manor Lakes P–12 College Italian

8010 Mansfield Secondary College French and Indonesian

8017 Maroondah Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French and Japanese

8845 Maryborough Education Centre Indonesian

8022 Matthew Flinders Girls Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French and Indonesian

7331 McGuire College Italian and Japanese

8835 McClelland Secondary College French and Japanese

8125 McKinnon Secondary College French and German

8819 Melbourne Girls College Chinese (Mandarin) and French

8025 Melbourne High School French, German, Indonesian and Japanese

8027 Melton Secondary College German and Japanese

8030 Mentone Girls Secondary College French and Japanese

8035 Merbein Secondary College Indonesian

6240 Merrilands College Italian

8045 Mildura Senior College Indonesian and Italian

8775 Mill Park Secondary College German and Italian

8050 Mirboo North Secondary College German

8065 Monbulk College German and Japanese

8809 Monterey Secondary College French

8068 Montmorency Secondary College French and Japanese

3987 Moonee Ponds Central School Italian

8071 Mooroolbark College German

8073 Mooroopna Secondary College Indonesian and Italian

8075 Mordialloc College French and Japanese

8804 Mornington Secondary College Indonesian and Japanese

5376 Mortlake P–12 College Indonesian and Maori

8100 Mount Beauty Secondary College Indonesian

7267 Mount Clear College Japanese

8102 Mount Eliza Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), German and Indonesian

7028 Mount Erin Secondary College Indonesian

8105 Mount Waverley Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), German and Japanese

8744 Mullauna Secondary College German and Indonesian

5433 Murrayville Community College Indonesian

1549 Murtoa College German

8873 Myrtleford P–12 College Italian


8839 Narre Warren South P–12 College Indonesian

8140 Nathalia Secondary College Indonesian

8145 Neerim District Secondary College Japanese

8151 Newcomb Secondary College Indonesian

8833 Nhill College Indonesian

8813 Noble Park Secondary College German and Japanese

8175 Norlane High School Japanese

7856 North Geelong Secondary College German

8180 Northcote High School Chinese (Mandarin), French, Greek and Italian

8185 Norwood Secondary College French and Indonesian

8190 Numurkah Secondary College Italian

8210 Oberon High School German, Indonesian and Japanese

8215 Orbost Secondary College Indonesian

8220 Ouyen P–12 College Italian

8223 Pakenham Secondary College French

8225 Parkdale Secondary College French, German and Japanese

8226 Parkwood Secondary College Indonesian and Japanese

8227 Pascoe Vale Girls Secondary College Arabic, French, Italian and Japanese

8725 Patterson River Secondary College German and Indonesian

8815 Pembroke Secondary College Italian

8798 Portland Secondary College Indonesian

8240 Preston Girls Secondary College Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin) and Italian

8245 Princes Hill Secondary College French and Italian

1712 Pyramid Hill College Indonesian

8255 Rainbow Secondary College German

8260 Red Cliffs Secondary College Indonesian

8708 Reservoir District Secondary College Greek, Italian and Macedonian

8270 Ringwood Secondary College French and Indonesian

8280 Rochester Secondary College Indonesian

8290 Rosebud Secondary College Indonesian and Japanese

7275 Rosehill Secondary College Italian and Japanese

8734 Rowville Secondary College Indonesian and Italian

8407 Roxburgh College Italian, French and Turkish

8300 Rutherglen High School French

8834 Sale College Japanese

8739 Sandringham College French, Indonesian and Japanese

8307 Scoresby Secondary College French

7325 Sebastopol College German

8315 Seymour Technical High School Indonesian

8320 Shepparton High School Auslan, French and Japanese

6252 Sherbrooke Community School Chinese (Mandarin)

8875 Somerville Secondary College Indonesian

7845 South Gippsland Secondary College French

8801 South Oakleigh Secondary College Japanese

8330 St Albans Secondary College French, Italian, Japanese and Vietnamese

8335 St Arnaud Secondary College French

8730 St Helena Secondary College Italian


7247 Staughton College French

8731 Stawell Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin) and German

8345 Strathmore Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), Greek, Italian and Japanese

8350 Sunbury College Italian and Japanese

8723 Sunbury Downs Secondary College Italian

8790 Sunshine College Italian and Vietnamese

7366 Swinburne Senior Secondary College French

8370 Tallangatta Secondary College Indonesian

8787 Taylors Lakes Secondary College Italian and Japanese

8823 Templestowe College Italian and Japanese

6236 Terang College French

8783 The Grange P–12 College Italian

8383 Thomastown Secondary College Arabic, Italian, Macedonian and Vietnamese

8797 Thornbury High School Chinese (Mandarin), Greek , Indonesian and Italian

6260 Timboon P–12 School Japanese

3368 Torquay P–9 College Indonesian

8395 Trafalgar High School Indonesian

8803 Traralgon College German

8877 Two Rivers College Aboriginal Languages

8405 University High School French, German and Latin

8410 Upper Yarra Secondary College German and Japanese

8415 Upwey High School French, German and Japanese

8420 Vermont Secondary College French, German and Indonesian

7384 Victorian College Of The Arts Secondary School French and Japanese

8812 Viewbank College German and Japanese

8791 Wallan Secondary College Indonesian

8422 Wanganui Park Secondary College Italian and Japanese

8425 Wangaratta High School German, Italian and Japanese

8428 Wantirna College Chinese (Mandarin), Indonesian and Spanish

8430 Warracknabeal Secondary College Japanese

8827 Warragul Regional College Indonesian and Japanese

8437 Warrandyte High School Italian

8811 Warrnambool College French, Indonesian and Japanese

6262 Wedderburn College Indonesian

7405 Weeroona College Bendigo French and Indonesian

8462 Wellington Secondary College French

8465 Werribee Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), Italian, Japanese and Spanish

8470 Westall Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), French, Greek, Italian, Khmer and Vietnamese

8820 Western Heights Secondary College French and Japanese

7893 Western Port Secondary College Indonesian

8474 Wheelers Hill Secondary College French and Indonesian

7408 Whittlesea Secondary College Indonesian

8475 Williamstown High School French, Indonesian and Japanese

8851 Wodonga Middle Years College Indonesian and Japanese

8480 Wodonga Senior Secondary College Japanese


8736 Wonthaggi Secondary College Indonesian and Japanese

8500 Yea High School Chinese (Mandarin) and Indonesian

5520 Yuille Park P–8 Community College Indonesian

126 Appendix 6: VSL centres

Appendix 6: VSL Centres and Languages Offered, 2009

VSL centre Languages

1. Altona North Campus (Bayside P–12 College) Arabic, Croatian, Macedonian and Vietnamese

2. Ballarat High School Chinese (Mandarin), French, German, Greek and Italian

3. Bendigo Senior Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin) and German

4. Bentleigh Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), Greek, Russian and Turkish

5. Blackburn High School Chinese (Mandarin), Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Punjabi and Vietnamese

6. Box Hill High School Chinese (Mandarin), Dinka, Dutch, German, Italian, Persian and Spanish

7. Brentwood Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), Japanese and Sinhala

8. Brimbank College Albanian, Arabic, Bosnian, Spanish and Vietnamese

9. Brunswick Secondary College Albanian, Bulgarian, Chinese (Mandarin), Greek, Indonesian and Italian

10. Carwatha College Arabic, Bosnian, French, Greek, Italian, Sinhala and Spanish

11. Chandler Secondary College Bengali, Croatian, Dinka, German, and Punjabi

12. Cleeland Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), Dari, Persian, Pushto and Turkish

13. Collingwood College Spanish and Vietnamese

14. Dandenong High School Chinese (Mandarin), Filipino, Hindi, Hungarian, Macedonian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian and Tigrinya

15. Doncaster Secondary College Arabic, Chinese (Cantonese), Chinese (Mandarin) and Greek

16. Footscray City College Amharic, Greek, Spanish and Vietnamese

17. Galvin Park Secondary College Bosnian, Karen, Punjabi and Sinhala

18. Gisborne Secondary College French, German, Italian, Japanese and Maltese

19. Glen Waverley Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), Dari, French, Greek, Hindi, Indonesian and Japanese

20. Haileybury College Chinese (Mandarin), Greek and Vietnamese

21. Hampton Park Secondary College Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), Dari, French, Khmer, Punjabi and Sinhala

22. Horsham College Wergaia (Australian Aboriginal Language)

23. Kambrya College Chinese (Mandarin) and Spanish

Appendix 6: VSL centres 127

VSL centre Languages

24. Keilor Downs College Croatian, Greek, Macedonian and Turkish

25. Lalor Secondary College Arabic and Vietnamese

26. Leongatha Secondary College French, German and Italian

27. McKinnon Secondary College Hebrew and Russian

28. Matthew Flinders Girls Secondary College Arabic, Auslan, Chinese (Mandarin), German, Italian, Japanese, Persian and Spanish

29. Mildura Secondary College Dari, Greek, Persian and Turkish

30. Mill Park Secondary College Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), Greek, Italian, Sinhala and Tamil

31. North Geelong Secondary College Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Macedonian, Polish, Russian, Turkish and Vietnamese

32. Princes Hill Secondary College Arabic, German, Lithuanian, Polish, Portuguese and Turkish

33. Roxburgh College Arabic, Croatian, Sinhala, Spanish, Syriac, Turkish and Vietnamese

34. Shepparton High School Albanian, Arabic, Dari, Filipino, Greek, Persian, Punjabi, Swahili and Turkish

35. Springvale Secondary College Khmer, Portuguese, Spanish and Vietnamese

36. Sunshine Secondary College Dinka, Hindi and Vietnamese

37. Taylors Lakes Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin), Maltese and Punjabi

38. Thomastown Secondary College Macedonian, Punjabi, Somali and Turkish

39. Traralgon Secondary College Chinese (Mandarin) and Filipino

40. University High School Chinese (Mandarin), French, Japanese, Serbian and Spanish

41. Warrnambool College French and Italian

42. Wodonga West College Chinese (Mandarin), Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese and Spanish

Documents

Languages Other Than English · Figure 4.7 Secondary LOTE enrolments, six most widely studied languages, 2003–2009.....50 Figure 4.8 Secondary LOTE enrolments by gender and year