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8/2/2019 LAO Nam Theun 2 Watershed Protection 20 Feb 2012
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Payment for Ecosystem Service
in Lao PDRThe case of Nam Theun 2Watershed management andProtection
Khamla Phanvilay
Bangkok, 23 February 2012
Contents
PES in Laos/Laws and regulations
Values of Ecosystems
Watershed Protection Case of Nam Theun 2
Issues and Challenge
Risk and Opportunities
Take home messages
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PES in Laos and Legal framework
Basic laws and regulations supports the PESinitiatives are in place
Legal framework
DOCUMENT DATEConstitution 28May2003ContractLaw 27July1990Water&WaterResourcesLaw 02November1996ElectricityLaw 17May1997EnvironmentalProtection Law 26April1999StateAssetsLaw 15October2002LandLaw 05November2003PromotionofForeignInvestment Law 15November2004NationalHeritageLaw 09December2005SecuredTransactionsLaw 25May2005StateBudgetLaw 16January2006WildlifeLaw 24December2007ForestryLaw 15January2008Lawsrevision(forest,land,environment) Dec.2012
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PES in Laos: Challenges
Meaning and definitions has not yet inconsensus among sectors
Limit knowledge on PES among technicalministries and departments of small groups ofparticular individuals
Push and Pull between development and
conservation and protection of ecosystem
Estimated Economic Value of Forest Ecosystem Servicesin Lao PDR
Source: Majella, 2010
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Valuing methods
Market price
Forest Carbon Offsets
Biodiversity Conservation to Livelihoods
Habitat Hectares
Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
Pr o d u c t ivit y M e t h o d
Ecotourism
Drinking Water Supply
Fisheries and Aquatic Resources B e n e f it Tr a n s fe r M e t h o d
(required data and sucessful case of the country)
Integrat ion of PES, REDD+, CDM
One is not enough three are more complicated
Legal framework and long terms strategy requiretime and patience but development is not
Stakeholders awareness especially local peopleto understand and truly participate
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Nam Theun 2 Watershed
Background informat ion of Nam Theun 2
Investment cost: 1.3 Bil. USD
Reservoir size: 450 sq. km on Na Kai Plateau
Watershed water diversion: From Nam Theun toSe Bang Fai
Displacement: 6,200 inhabitants
Downstream impacts: 100,000 Villagers
Social and Envt Mgt. Framework andOperational Plan Fund: 1 Mil. USD per annum.
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Sample Case: Na Vang and Na Haovillages
Who will pay and how to calculate?
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Changing lanscape and connect ion
Women always active and alert tochange
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New settlement
Cattle bank inside PA
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The compensation for theresettlement of inundated areas
The agricultural land lost due to inundation.Participation Land Use Planning (PLUP) has beencarried out to allocated permanent (paddy) toaffected households with the quota of 1 ha perhousehold.
It is foreseen that the gravity irrigation will beprovided by the project.
.
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Job opportunities
Creating jobs in isolated protected areas, so farvillagers get benefits from Conservation by
Collecting NTFPs and sources of protein fromwildlife,
Wage labour by participation to PA patrolling butvery small and limited to individuals and groups.
There is a study on ecotourism is planned
Livelihood Opportunit ies:
Livelihood opportunities in the Watershed andProtected Areas are about the job and incomeopportunities.
Agricultural based livelihood system has beenpromoted but this system provide less incentive interm of income, fish can be potential but no investoris interested in this business yet.
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Risk and challenges
Leakage of valuable timber species (Dalbergia spp)illegal hunting are widespread
Law enforcement is weak, crossborderencroachment is still among the activities that needimprovement by WMPA
Capacity to cope with developmentand conservat ion Capacity and understand of local people to cope with
new development, development under conservationmeasures
The model development not yet materialized.
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