lbiRi km Gg;eKøs - Exµr lib iRkm Gg;eKøs - Exµr. Ind… · lbiRi km Gg;eKøs - Exµr 655 Berm RTnugeqñr 444, 470, 471 Biochemical sediment kemckÞ MNKmI-I CIv 105 Biogeography

libiRkm Gg;eKøs - Exµr

653

lliibbiiRRkkmm GGgg;;eeKKøøss -- EExxµµrr I n d e x : E n g l i s h - K h m e r

TMB½r Aa lava kMEGrPñMePøIgeRKIm ¬GrGr¦ 202

Abrasion karswk 351, 362, 413, 417, 422-423, 436, 459, 460, 495

Absolute age dating kalbriecäTdac;xat 33, 36-41, 63, 112, 203, 435, 481, 489, 506, 524, 527, 538, 540, 548

Absolute sea-level change karERbRbYldac;xaténnIv:UsmuRT 479

Acid (felsic) GasIut ¬EhVlsuic¦ 102-104, 201, 210,

Active tectonic control karRtYtRtatictUnicskmµ 385, 390-391

Aeolian (eolian) énxül;bk; 8, 43, 45, 50-51, 108, 349, 407-439, 507, 516, 519, 527

Aeolian geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaxül;bk; 8, 12, 407-439

Aerial photography karftrUbBIelIGakas 61

Aggradation kareBjeLIg 378

Alluvial éndIl,ab; 111, 352, 358, 360, 361

Alluvial channel pøÚvTwkelIdIl,ab; 352, 360, 361, 370

Alluvial fan l,ab;ragpøit 286, 295, 374, 379-380, 395, 475, 516, 544

Alluvium dIl,ab; 111, 352, 358, 360, 361, 371

Anabranching channel pøÚvTwkEbgEck 364, 380

Annual hydrograph GIuRdURkabRbcaMqñaM 340-342

Anthropogeomorphology PUmisNæanviTüamnusS 8

Anticline Gg;TIKøINal; 121

Applied geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaGnuvtþn_ 8, 9, 53

Aquiclude mUldæanéndegðImTwk 337

Aquifer degðImTwk 336-337, 484

Arch (sea arch) TVarekag 466, 467, 468, 469

Arid zone geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüatMbn;hYtEhg 9

Ash epHPñMePøIg 197, 203, 208, 209, 210, 278

Asthenosphere GaesþNUEsV‘r 99, 100, 104, 143, 146, 147, 148, 157, 158, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165, 172, 181, 194, 195, 198, 480, 536

mUldæanRKwHénPUmisNæanviTüa

654

Astronomical Theory TwsþItarasa®sþ 511, 513

Atmosphere mNÐlbriyakas 5, 7, 19, 20, 46, 47, 48, 54, 73, 98, 104, 201, 203, 215, 216, 228, 243, 253, 258, 259, 262, 267, 289, 305, 306, 334, 335, 346, 413, 417, 434, 435, 436, 506, 509, 519, 524, 528, 557, 558, 559

Atoll ekaHpáafµ 61, 478

Atom GatUm 38-40, 71-96, 125, 154, 199, 235, 245

Atomic mass number cMnYnma:s 38

Atomic number elxGatUm ¬elxlMdab;¦ 38, 76, 77, 79, 80

Backshore zone tMbn;eqñrxageRkay 443, 444, 462, 476

Backwash rlkRtLb;cuH 457, 462, 463, 470, 471

Ballistic impact (reptation) karbukTgÁicénRKab;dI 417

Bar pñÚk 364, 365, 367, 373, 374, 375, 378, 382, 391, 395, 444, 472, 473, 474

Barrier island (barrier beach)

r)aMgekaH ¬r)aMgeqñr¦ 472

Barrier reef r)aMgfµb:RbHTwk 477

Base flow lMhUrmUldæan 336, 340, 341, 343, 356, 358, 395

Base level kRmitmUldæanénPUmisNæanviTüa 16, 17, 378, 479, 487

Basic (mafic) )as ¬m:ahVic¦ 94, 102, 103, 104, 195

Basin )asaMg 45, 108, 121, 191, 195, 197, 214, 215, 389, 423, 436

Basin-and-range landscape

eTsPaBsNæanén)asaMg-CYr 195

Batholith )atUlIt 210, 216

Bay qksmuRT 446, 472

Baymouth bar pñÚkkat;qksmuRT 472, 473

Beach eqñrxSac; 61, 410, 420, 443-496, 516

Beach face muxeqñrxSac; 444

Bedding KMnrRsTab;sila 107, 108, 234, 259, 291, 358, 375, 426

Bedload bnÞúk)at 356, 357, 358, 365, 366, 370, 385, 475

Bedrock silaRTnr 350-352, 360, 361, 370-373, 395, 409, 414, 421, 423, 436, 507

Bedrock channel pøÚvTwkelIsilaRTnr 350-352, 360, 361, 370-373


655

Berm RTnugeqñr 444, 470, 471

Biochemical sediment kemÞckMNKImI-CIv 105

Biogeography CIvPUmiviTüa 22

Biogeomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaCIv³ 8

Biological weathering rbicCIv³ 231, 233, 241, 246, 254

Biosphere mNÐlCIv³ 5, 7, 20, 216, 228, 253, 267, 558

Braided channel pøÚvTwkCakRmg 364-366, 368, 369, 374, 395

Breaker zone tMbn;rlkEbkTwk 444, 457

Caldera reNþAPñMePøIg 207, 208, 389

Cambering dMeNIrbegáagRsTab;sila 293

Capacity smtßPaB 362

Carbonation kabUNatkmµ 245, 247, 267

Catastrophism RTwsþIeRKaHmhnþray 13

Catchment GageRCaH 334, 394, 395, 517, 518

Cenozoic (Cainozoic) era s½kesNUUsUGiuc 42, 572

Channel (drainage) network

bNþajpøÚvTwk 343, 345, 346, 395

Channel pattern (planform)

KMrUénpøÚvTwk ¬TRmg;bøg;¦ 360, 364-370

Chemical weathering rbicKImI 50, 51, 94, 231, 233, 235, 236, 241-253, 254, 261, 262, 263, 267, 318, 350, 421, 458, 459, 509, 552, 559

Cinder cone volcano PñMePøIgsaCI 208, 210

Clastic sediment kemÞckMNkøasÞic 105, 110

Cleavage kareRcokCaRsTab; 91, 92, 576, 577

Cliff l,ak; b¤RcaMgcMeNat 236, 240, 277, 288, 289, 290, 295, 318, 321, 322, 443, 444, 459, 460, 466, 467, 495, 518

Climate change karERbRbYlGakasFatu 9, 11, 19, 58, 250, 262, 321, 378, 382-385, 396, 409, 433-435, 479, 482, 488, 489, 491-493, 503-528, 547, 559, 560, 561

Climatic geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaGakasFatu 8, 9, 18, 505, 506

Climatology GakasFatuviTüa 6, 7, 21

Closure temperature sItuNðPaBénkarbiT 540

Coast tMbn;eqñr 10, 11, 47, 49, 51, 240, 280, 349, 441-496

Coastal dune BMnUkxSac;eqñr 443, 464, 475-477


656

Coastal environment (littoral zone)

brisßaneqñr 111, 436, 443, 444, 476

Coastal geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaeqñrsmuRT 8

Coastline ExSeqñr 150, 380, 441-496, 516, 538, 542

Cohesion kmøaMgs¥itCab; 281-285, 303, 306, 314, 316, 323, 354, 414, 415, 416

Collapsing wave rlk)ak;cuH 451

Collision karbukKña 124, 161, 166, 181-186, 187, 188, 198, 200, 215, 510, 557

Competence smtßPaBdwkCBa¢Ún 362

Composite volcano (stratovolcano)

PñMePøIgsmas ¬PñMePøIgRsTab;¦ 207, 208, 210

Composition smasFatupSM ¬smasPaB¦ 7, 63, 73, 74, 75, 80, 82, 84, 91, 113, 114, 125, 142-145, 146, 148, 201, 202, 203, 207, 210, 235, 266, 470, 473, 506, 509, 517, 519, 579, 583

Compound smasFatu 75, 80, 84, 114

Compound slope CRmalsmas 317, 318

Compressive stress kmøaMgCRmujpÞb; 118, 119, 122, 212, 233, 234

Concave slope CRmalragxUg 313, 317

Concordant coastline ExSeqñrRsbKña 446, 448

Conservative (transform) boundary

RBMEdneLIgcuH ¬RBMEdnpøas;bþÚr¦ 159, 160, 181, 187-188, 215

Constructive (divergent) boundary

RBMEdnsMNg; ¬RBMEdnEbkecjBIKña¦ 97, 159, 160, 161, 213

Contact (thermal) metamorphism

lMnaMERbkMeNItedayb:Hnwgm:ak;m:a 114

Continental crust sm,kTVIb 98, 104, 108, 116, 144, 145, 158, 159, 161

Continental drift karrsat;énTVIb 150-152, 157, 172, 556, 557, 558, 559, 561

Continental platform RkabénpÞaMgdITVIb 138, 139, 140

Continental rise CRmalminsUvecaténTVIb 141

Continental shelf CayTVIb 139, 141, 144, 444, 462, 472, 487, 495

Continental shield (craton) ExlTVIb 140, 213

Continental slope CRmalecaténTVIb 141

Continental-margin island arc

kMeNagekaHCayTVIb 183

Continental-margin orogen

ExSRkv:at;PñMCayTVIb 183, 184, 198, 201

Contour ploughing karP¢ÜrdIragCavg; 315


657

Convergent (destructive) boundary

RBMEdnTaj¼rYmKñacUl ¬RBMEdnbMpøaj¦ 97, 104, 110, 121, 159, 160, 162, 163, 165, 181-186, 191, 192, 212, 443, 446, 495, 541, 558

Convex slope CRmalrage):ag 317

Coral reef fµb:RbHTwk 40, 61, 112, 443, 446, 461, 466, 477-478, 481, 489, 495, 538, 539

Core sñÚl 143, 145, 146, 147-148, 149, 154, 164, 172

Coring karsVan ¬xYg¦ 19, 145, 148, 481, 482, 517, 520, 523, 524, 548, 550, 560

Correlation shsm<½n§sila ¬karCab;Tak;TgKña¦ 31, 34-36

Corrosion karsIudac; 350

Country rock silaenACMuvijva 21, 97, 198, 199, 240

Covalent bonding karcgsm<½n§kUva:Lg; 80

Cove QUgsmuRTtUc 446, 448

Crater mat;PñMePøIg 207, 208, 209

Creep kareRCcuHyWt² 276, 277, 279, 288, 297-304, 318, 320, 323, 324, 325

Critical flow (entrainment) threshold

kRmitlMhUrBiess ¬kRmitel,Ónénkarykecj¦ 353, 354, 355, 366, 368, 415, 416

Crop rotation dMNaMqøas; 315

Cross-section form TRmg;kat;TTwg 348, 361, 363, 371, 380, 387, 395

Crust sm,kEpndI 4, 5, 73, 80-81, 84, 90, 97, 99, 100, 114, 117, 118, 124, 125, 143-145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 158, 160, 172, 189, 194, 195, 197, 199, 213, 228, 229, 235, 489, 535, 536, 540, 541, 542, 560

Crustal uplift karegIbeLIgénsm,kEpndI 531, 541, 546

Crystal Rkam 79, 82-83, 84, 85, 91, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 100, 102, 104, 116, 125, 152, 154, 233, 235, 238, 240, 241, 247, 254, 267, 555, 576, 577, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584

Crystallization kMNkRkam 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 104

Cutoff EPñnkat; 375, 376

Dating karkMNt;kalevla b¤ kalbriecäT 33, 36-41, 63, 112, 203, 435, 481, 489, 506, 524, 527, 538, 540, 548

Debris kemÞckMTI 9, 43, 97, 105, 203, 205, 209, 253, 273, 278, 286, 289, 295, 303, 316, 318, 320, 321, 346,


658

350, 355, 414, 428, 468, 470, 495, 508

Debris flow lMhUrkemÞckMTI 11, 203, 278, 279, 286-287, 295, 325

Deep rotational slide karrGilragekag-eRCA 279, 280, 288, 293, 323

Deflation kardkecj 417-420, 422, 423, 429, 436

Deflation hollow RkhUgénkardkecj 422

Deformation (strain) karxUcRTg;RTay 7, 32, 110, 114, 116-124, 126, 146, 147, 163, 198, 199, 231, 233, 236, 285, 293, 298, 487, 489, 540

Deglaciation karrlaypÞaMgTwkkk 445, 482, 489, 542

Delayed flow lMhUrbg¥g; 343

Delta dIsNþr 119, 170, 381, 443, 446, 461, 474-475, 481, 484, 488, 493, 495

Denudation karcuHTabénépÞdITVIb 19, 105, 229-231, 232, 267, 297, 304, 333, 350, 395, 409, 418, 419, 535, 540, 543-555, 559, 560

Dependent variable GefrminÉkraCü b¤GefrGaRs½y 55

Deposition karcak;bgÁr 11, 28, 31, 32, 33, 98, 99, 105, 107, 108, 231, 254, 268, 285, 286, 289, 318, 320, 333, 337, 340, 349, 350, 355, 358-359, 364, 365, 366, 367, 371, 373-382, 392, 395, 396, 424-433, 435, 436, 452, 457, 461-465, 470-478, 486, 517, 548

Desert vallMh b¤valxSac; 111, 230, 237, 264, 337, 384, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 417, 419, 420, 421, 422, 432, 434, 435, 436, 475, 476, 512, 550

Desert pavement kRmalfµenAvallMh 420

Desertification dMeNIrbegáItCavallMh 435

Differential erosion sMNwkepSgKña 269

Discharge cMNuHTwk 56, 57, 338-342, 348, 350, 355, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 366, 368, 369, 370, 371, 378, 382, 383, 384, 385, 389, 392, 395, 516, 519

Discontinuity PaBdac;² 234, 235, 251, 288, 396, 423, 468

Discordant coastline ExSeqñrminRsbKña 446, 448

Disrupted (offset) drainage

karbgðÚrTwkRtUv)anbg¥ak; 189, 190, 390

Dissolved (solute) load bnÞúkrlay 315, 356, 357, 358, 359, 545,


659

547, 550, 560

Divergent (constructive) boundary

RBMEdnEbkecjBIKña ¬RBMEdnsMNg;¦ 97, 159, 160, 161, 213

Doline (sinkhole) dUlIn 256, 257, 258, 267

Downslope cuHCRmal 277, 281, 299, 303, 320, 324, 343, 344, 468, 469

Downstream ExSTwkhUrcuH 338, 349, 350, 356, 360, 362-363, 395

Drainage basin GagbgðÚr 333, 334, 336, 340, 345, 385, 394, 395, 517, 544, 545, 547, 548, 552, 553, 554, 555

Drainage divide (watershed)

ExSEckTwk ¬TICRmal¦ 275, 313, 317, 318, 320, 334, 336, 394, 395

Drainage pattern KMrUbgðÚrTwk 386, 387, 388

Drainage reversal PaBbRBa©as;vijénkarbgðÚrTwk 390, 391

Dune BMnUkxSac; 11, 53, 411, 412, 414, 424, 426-432, 436, 443, 464, 475-477, 495, 516

Duricrust RsTab;rwgénrbic 264, 265, 267, 321, 516

Dyke (dike) DIk 197, 210, 216

Dynamic geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaDINamic 8

Earth flow lMhUrdI 277, 278, 279

Earthquake karrBa¢ÜydI 13, 27, 45, 58, 124, 148, 149, 153, 159, 160, 161, 165, 172, 181, 233, 284, 391, 453, 541

Earthquake focus (hypocentre)

kMNMurBa¢Üy 148

Effusive eruption bnÞúHénlMhUr 205, 215

Electron eGLicRtug 38, 39, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 245, 246

Element Fatu ¬FatuKImI¦ 6, 38, 80, 114, 172, 231, 233, 235, 241, 242, 244, 254, 265, 393, 519

Elevation ry³km<s; 13, 16, 19, 43, 47, 51, 55, 63, 137, 138, 139, 142, 171, 207, 212, 213, 337, 348, 355, 411, 425, 479, 487, 518, 535, 536, 538, 546, 552, 557, 559

Emergent coast eqñrEdlpuseLIg 444, 496

Endogenic process dMeNIrkarépÞxagkñúg 43, 44, 45, 46, 96, 181, 216, 409, 535, 559, 561

Entrainment karykecj 350, 352-354, 355, 356, 366, 368, 395, 415-417

Entrainment (critical flow) threshold

kRmitel,Ónénkarykecj ¬kRmitlMhUrBiess¦ 353, 354, 355, 366, 368, 415, 416

Environmental reconstruction

karsßabnanUvbrisßaneLIgvij 62, 64, 481, 506, 516, 518, 519, 525, 548


660

Epeirogeny (warping) eGeprU:CwnI ¬karekageLIgéntMbn;FM¦ 192, 390, 391, 540, 541, 542, 560

Ephemeral channels pøÚvTwkminsßitesßr 339

Epicentre p©itelI 148

Epicontinental (epeiric) sea

smuRTelICayTVIb 446

Epoch sm½y 35, 42, 144, 170, 188, 203, 484, 522, 572

Era s½k 7, 19, 42, 140, 155, 169, 170, 171, 203, 211, 258, 265, 380, 384, 412, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 462, 481, 483, 484, 486, 489, 508-514, 515, 516, 517, 519, 520, 522, 523, 525, 528, 538, 542, 550, 556, 557, 572

Erodibility PaBGacgayTTYlsMNwk 44, 310, 353, 369, 414, 505, 551

Erosion sMNwk e.g. 17, 30-33, 99, 229, 275-279, 305-315, 350-354, 370-373, 417-423, 459-461, 466-469, 487, 488, 507, 551-552

Erosivity PaBGaceFVI[mansMNwk 44, 310, 353, 369, 414, 505, 551

Etchform TRmg;dIqøak; 263

Eustatic yUsþaTic b¤ényUesþsIu 445, 480, 484, 485, 496

Evaporation rMhYt 43, 48, 55, 74, 235, 240, 250, 259, 264, 307, 335, 336, 338, 349, 382, 459, 482, 510, 553

Evapotranspiration karrMhYt-karbeBa©j 338

Exfoliation (onion-skin weathering)

karbeBa©jRsTab;sila ¬rbicEbbkarrbksm,kxÞwm)araMg¦

236, 237

Exhalative eruption bnÞúHdMNkdegðIm 205

Exogenic process dMeNIrkarépÞxagelI b¤xageRkA 43, 44, 45, 63, 73, 96, 137, 216, 275, 409, 496, 527, 535, 559

Experimentation karBiesaF 4, 243, 364

Explosive eruption bnÞúHrMesv 205, 215

Extrusive (volcanic) silam:ak;m:axageRkA ¬silaPñMePøIg¦ 34, 40, 100, 102, 103, 125, 152, 197

Fall karFøak;cuH 112, 229, 277, 279, 281, 288, 289, 295, 305, 318, 323, 325, 356, 468

Fall velocity kRmitel,ÓnénkarTmøak;cuH 354, 358

Fault bMNak;Rsut 29, 114, 119, 121, 122-124, 126, 140, 149, 150, 160, 166, 181, 187-190, 192, 194, 195, 196, 212, 213, 215, 233, 234, 371, 385, 388, 390, 423


661

Fault scarp muxcMeNatbMNak;Rsut 45, 189, 191, 192, 194, 196, 215, 466

Fault-block mountains PñMbøúkbMNak;Rsut 212, 213

Feedback Rbtikmµ 55-56, 63

Field observation karsegáteTAelITIlan 4, 11

Flood (storm) hydrograph GIuRdURkabCMnn; b¤BüúH 340, 341

Fjord QUgsmuRTceg¥ót 447, 466, 487

Floodplain TMnablicTwk 45, 366, 371, 374-378, 382, 385, 395, 447, 475, 492, 554

Flow lMhUr 189, 197-209, 277, 278, 279, 286-287, 302-304, 305, 325

Fluid threshold kRmiténel,ÓnsnÞnIy 415, 416

Fluvial énTenø e.g. 6, 8, 45, 50, 51, 58, 105, 107, 108, 111, 230, 231, 275, 276, 325, 331-396, 474-475, 493, 516, 519, 543-555,

Fluvial denudation karcuHTabénépÞdITVIbtamTenø 543-555

Fluvial geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaTenø 8, 331-396

Fold BMenIgpñt; 29, 33, 119-121, 150, 161, 181, 183, 188, 192, 212, 213, 215, 233, 386

Fold mountains PñMBMenIgpñt; 121, 212, 213

Foliation vaynPaBdUcRkambnÞH 114, 115, 291, 583

Force kmøaMg ¬kmøaMgFmµCati¦ 16, 17, 44, 233

Foreshore zone tMbn;eqñrxagmux 443, 444

Fossil pUsIul 8, 31, 35, 36, 42, 110, 150, 481, 515, 517, 519, 525, 528, 583

Fracture karEbk)ak; 92, 118, 119, 126, 231, 236, 239, 240, 582

Free dune BMnUkxSac;esrI 426, 427, 428

Freeze-thaw weathering (gelifraction)

rbicedaykarkk nigkarrlay 238-240, 246, 247, 250, 252, 254, 289

Fringing reef fµb:RbHTwkCayeqñr 477, 478

Geochemistry PUKBÖKImI 6, 7, 18, 203, 267

Geodesy RbfBIviPaK 537, 538, 560

Geoid CIGUGIud 137, 171, 483, 486, 487, 538

Geographical Cycle (Cycle of Erosion)

vdþPUmiviTüa ¬vdþsMNwk¦ 17, 18, 24

Geological cycle vdþFrNIviTüa 12, 13, 32, 33

Geological time GayukalénPUKBÖsa®sþ 27-43, 62, 153

Geological timescale maRtdæaneBlevlaPUKBÖsa®sþ 36, 40, 42, 572


662

Geo- (palaeo-) magnetic timescale

maRtdæaneBlevlama:ej:Tic 155

Geology FrNIviTüa b¤ PUKBÖsa®sþ 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 27, 28, 36. 40, 41, 42, 48, 62, 76, 77, 125, 150, 153, 172, 181, 211, 214, 216, 293, 309, 321, 334, 371, 385, 386, 395, 396, 572, 576

Geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüa 1-9, CMBUkTaMgGs; Geophysics PUKBÖrUbvnþ 6, 7, 18, 21, 24, 172

Geothermal heat kemþAkñúgEpndI 43, 63, 157, 182, 192

Geyser ExSTwkekþA 203, 204

Glacial énTenøTwkkk 11, 45, 51, 111, 150, 249, 336, 436, 505, 515, 516, 517, 519, 557

Glacial (glacial period, or “Ice Age”)

sm½yTwkkk 14, 15, 42, 137, 171, 432, 434, 435, 444, 461, 470, 482, 484, 485, 487, 491, 509, 510, 511, 514, 517, 521, 522, 548, 557, 559

Glacial geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaTenøTwkkk 8, 12

Glacier TenøTwkkk 37, 42, 47, 49, 111, 216, 278, 287, 293, 295, 317, 334, 411, 432, 507, 508, 516, 518, 519

Glacio-eustasy yUesþsIuénTwkkk 484, 485

Glacio-isostacy GaysUesþsIuénTwkkk 484, 485

Global atmospheric circulation

rgVl;briyakassakl 413, 509, 519

Global ocean circulation rgVl;mhasmuRTsakl 411, 519, 528

Global hypsometric curve ExSekagénkm<s;EpndI 138, 139

Global positioning system (gps)

RbB½n§kMNt;TItaMgEpndI 158, 159

Gondwanaland kugdVaNa 170

Greenhouse effect plpÞHkBa©k; 558

Groundwater flow lMhUrTwkeRkamdI 55, 256, 259, 305, 306, 307, 335, 336, 395

Gulf QUgsmuRT 171, 194, 452, 475, 487, 488

Gullying lMhUrTwkenAtamGUr 312

Hardness PaBrwg 91, 92, 148, 169, 234, 235, 251, 264, 288, 295, 296, 317, 319, 320, 321, 324, 351, 413, 459, 552, 581, 582

Headland eRCay 446, 448, 452, 468

Heave PaBpt-e)a:g 277, 323


663

Helical flow lMhUrragkgVg; 366, 367

High-water mark (HWM) kRmitCMenarx<s; 444

Hillslope geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaCRmal 8, 273-325

Honeycomb weathering rbicEbbsMNMuTwkXµMú 254

Horst PñMbMNak;Rsut 124

Hot spot cMNucekþA 103, 104, 119, 124, 159, 191, 192, 193, 198, 200, 201, 213, 215

Humid tropical geomorphology

PUmisNæanviTüatMbn;RtUBicesIm 8, 9

Hydration GIuRdatkmµ 244, 247, 267

Hydraulic action skmµPaBénkmøaMgTwk 351, 459, 495

Hydraulic geometry FrNImaRténClKtviTüa 348, 360, 361, 363

Hydraulic radius kaMénClKtviTüa 348, 355

Hydro-isostasy GaysUesþsIuénTwk 385

Hydrograph GIuRdURkab b¤ RkahVikTwk 340, 341, 342, 395

Hydrology ClFaviTüa 6, 7, 12, 333-348

Hydrolysis GIuRdUlIs 244, 245, 267

Hydrosphere mNÐlTwk 5, 7, 20, 216, 228, 253, 367

Hydrostatic equilibrium smtaGIuRdUsþaTik 536

Hypsometry TRmg;FrNIsa®sþ 138-139, 486

Ice core ssrTwkkk 435, 519, 523, 524

Ice sheet pÞaMgTwkkk 45, 47, 56, 205, 334, 411, 412, 435, 436, 445, 461, 482, 484, 485, 487, 489, 491, 496, 507, 509, 510, 516, 517, 519, 521, 522, 523, 527, 528, 542, 543, 557

Igneous rock silam:ak;m:a 29, 32, 67, 94, 96, 97, 98, 99-104, 113, 114, 125, 140, 144, 145, 197-211, 216, 252, 579-580

Impact threshold kRmiténel,ÓnkarTgÁicKña 416, 417

Impeded dune pñÚkxSac;bg¥ak; 426, 429, 430, 431

Incised meander EPñnEdlkat; 371, 373

Incision sMNwkedaykarvH 378

Incremental dating method viFIkalbriecäTéncMnYnbEnßm 36, 37

Independent variable GefrÉkraCü 55

Infiltration CRmabTwk 55, 56, 306, 307, 311, 313, 314, 335, 336, 349, 484


664

Inselberg PñMsMNl; 321, 322, 324

Inshore zone tMbn;eqñrxagkñúg 443, 444, 462, 495

Insolation weathering (thermoclasty)

rbicedaykarpøas;bþÚrénsItuNðPaB 237, 238, 247, 250, 252, 289

Inter-continental orogen ExSRkv:at;PñMGnþrTV Ib 183, 184, 194

Inter-tidal zone tMbn;cenøaHCMenar 443, 458

Interglacial period Gnþrsm½yTwkkk 435, 482, 484, 509, 510, 521, 522, 557, 559

Intra-oceanic island arc kMeNagekaHxagkñúgmhasmuRT 161, 163, 182, 186

Intrusion (pluton) silaeRCot ¬silaBøúytUnic¦ 29, 30, 32, 99, 100, 103, 119, 125, 197, 209-210, 212, 213, 216,

Intrusive (plutonic) silam:ak;m:axagkñúg ¬BøúytUnic¦ 100, 125, 197, 198, 209-210

Inverted topography eTsPaBsNæanbRBa©as 264, 265

Ion GIuy:ug 77-80, 82, 84, 85, 87, 90, 91, 93, 95, 244, 245, 356

Ionic bonding karcgsm½<n§GIuy:ug 79

Island arc kMeNagekaH b¤ FñÚrekaH 99, 103, 140, 141, 153, 157, 159, 163, 164, 181, 185, 186, 187, 198, 200, 201, 213

Isostasy GaysUesþsIu ¬PaBsmlMnwg¦ 193, 215, 480, 484, 485, 487, 489, 535, 536, 542, 543

Isostatic rebound karegIbeLIgvijénGaysUesþsIu 542, 543, 560

Isotope GIusUtUb 40, 46, 76, 482, 519-522

Joint sñameRbH 100, 108, 122, 126, 149, 203, 210, 234, 236, 238, 239, 241, 246, 254, 258, 259, 261, 285, 288, 289, 291, 292, 295, 296, 306, 317, 319, 324, 351, 387, 468

Jökulhlaup TwkCMnn;BIPñMePøIg 205

Karst kasf_ 256-260, 267

Karst geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüakas 8

Knickpoint cMNuckaM 371, 372

Laccolith Lak;kUlIt 210, 211, 216

Lagoon RtBaMgTwkéRb 447, 472, 495

Lahar lMhUrénPk;PñMePøIg ¬eLhar¦ 204, 206, 286

Laminar flow lMhUréndM)ar 347, 348

Landform sNæandI b¤ TRmg;dI 3-21, 27, 28, 43, 44, 45, 48, 53, 54, 60, 61, 62, 63, 138, 142, 179-216, 253-268, 277-280, 286-304, 309-325, 339, 352, 358-396, 412, 413, 420-433,


665

436, 443-448, 458, 459, 460, 466-478, 481, 482, 487, 488, 489, 495, 496, 505, 506, 507, 508, 516-518, 527, 538, 544, 557, 559, 560

Landscape eTsPaBsNæan 1-21, 27, 44, 53, 54, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 199, 216, 227, 250, 253, 256, 258, 264, 276, 321, 333, 349, 395, 411, 443, 447, 487, 505, 506, 507, 517, 525, 527, 535, 543, 555, 559, 560, 561

Landscape evolution karvivtþeTsPaBsNæan 13, 14, 17-20, 44, 60, 321, 349, 487, 505, 535, 555-556

Landslide karrGildI 11, 27, 53, 58, 61, 69, 112, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280-285, 288, 290, 291-293, 294, 453

Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)

visalPaBFMbMputénsm½yTwkkkcugeRkay 435, 491, 512

Lateral accretion deposits kemÞckMNBIépÞxag 374, 375

Lava kMEGrPñMePøIg 10, 34, 100, 102, 154, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 205, 207, 208, 209, 210, 215, 548

Lava plateau x<g;rabkMEGrPñMePøIg 203

Lava tube bMBg;kMEGrPñMePøIg 208-209

Leading-edge (convergent margin) coast

eqñrmanEKmnaMmux 443, 446, 495

Levée BMnUk 286, 287, 374, 375, 376

Limit equilibrium model KRmUkMNt;smta 281-283, 323

Linear valley RClgCaCYr 189, 215

Lithification dMeNIrkøayCasila 12, 108, 110

Lithosphere mNÐlfµ ¬lItUEsV‘r¦ 5, 7, 20, 99, 122, 143, 146, 147, 148, 157, 158, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 172, 181, 182, 183, 193, 194, 197, 198, 200, 201, 216, 228, 253, 480, 536

Loess LWs 278, 306, 412, 414, 432-433, 434, 435, 436, 520, 545

Long-profile form TRmg;Epñkd¾Evg ¬TRmg;beNþay¦ 362-363, 380, 395, 470-471

Long-wave radiation famBlrlkEvg 47

Longshore bar pñÚktamExSeqñr 444, 471

Longshore current crnþtameqñrsmuRT 457, 463, 474

Longshore drift karrsat;tambeNþayExSeqñr 462, 473, 474

Low-water mark (LWM) kRmitCMenarTab 444

Magma m:ak;m:a 30, 43, 73, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 110, 113, 114, 116, 125, 147, 156,


666

195, 197, 198, 199, 209, 210, 213, 235

Magnetic anomaly PaBxusEbøkFmµtaénm:aej:Tic 153-157

Magnetic epoch sm½ym:aej:Tic 153, 157

Magnetic field Ednma:ej:Tic 145, 149, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157

Magnetic polarity TisedAb:UElPaBrbs;Ednm:aej:Tic 153, 154

Magnetic reversal PaBbRBa©as;énm:aej:Tic 153, 154, 155

Magnitude and frequency TMhM nigPaBjwkjab; 14, 45, 56-59, 64, 294, 325, 505

Mantle m:g;tU 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 125, 126, 143, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 157, 158, 164, 165, 172, 182, 192, 193, 197, 199, 214, 536

Mantle convection current (mantle plume)

crnþrgVl;eTAkñúgm:g;tU 164

Mass movement (mass wasting)

clnacuHCRmalénrUbFatu 50, 51, 229, 230, 276-304, 309, 320, 323, 355, 409, 466, 469

Mean sea-level (MSL) kMNt;nIv:UTwksmuRTmFüm 444, 521

Meandering channel pøÚvTwkbt; 364, 366-368, 369, 370, 371

Mechanical (physical) weathering

rbicemkanic b¤rbicrUb 50, 51, 231, 233, 236-241, 244, 246, 249, 261, 267, 296, 318, 458

Mesosphere emsUEsV‘r 143, 146, 147, 148

Mesozoic era s½kemsUsUGiuc b¤s½kTI 2 42, 140, 155, 203, 486, 572

Metamorphic rock silaERbkMeNIt 29, 40, 71, 96, 97, 98, 99, 113-116, 125, 140, 144, 169, 252, 555, 583

Metamorphism lMnaMERbkMeNIt 30, 32, 95, 96, 98, 99, 104, 113-116, 125, 197, 235

Meteorite Gacm’páay 145, 149

Mid-ocean ridge RTnugkNþalmhasmuRT 100, 140, 141, 144, 153, 156, 157, 160, 161, 165, 172, 181, 198, 201, 213, 486, 558

Milankovich hypothesis (orbital theory)

smµtikmµmILaMgkUvic 511, 513, 514

Mineral Er: 7, 10, 27, 35, 40, 53, 63, 73, 74, 79, 80-96, 100, 102-104, 110, 113, 114, 116, 125, 145, 148, 154, 193, 212, 227, 228, 229, 230, 233, 234, 235, 238, 241, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 251, 252, 253, 254, 261, 264, 265-266, 267, 278, 300, 315, 318, 350, 392, 393, 413, 540, 576-578, 579

Model KMrU 17, 18, 19, 21, 33, 61, 62, 157, 281-283, 321, 322, 323


667

Moho (Mohoroviĉić discontinuity)

m:UhU 145-146

Molecule m:UelKul 75, 238

Moraine dMufµedayKMnrTwkkk 45, 151, 111, 506, 507, 508, 516, 518

Morphoclimatic (morphogenetic) zone

tMbn;GakasFatuPUmisNæan 48, 49, 50, 51, 247, 249, 556, 557

Nappe pñt;eRTl 120, 121, 183

Neap tide CMenar-lMnactUcCagFmµta 455

Neutron NWRtug 38, 39, 41, 75, 76, 78

Nonfoliated vaynPaBmindUcRkambnÞH 114, 115, 116, 583

Nonsilicate Er:KµansIulIkat 85, 86, 87, 90, 91, 93, 95, 235

Normal fault bMMNak;RsutFmµta 123, 124, 188, 189, 194

Nucleus éNVy:U 38, 75, 76, 78, 245

Numerical modelling kareFVItamKMrUKNitviTüa 4

Ocean basin GagmhasmuRT 19, 105, 141, 171, 231, 335, 432, 455, 485, 486

Ocean trench sñamePøaHkñúgmhasmuRT 139, 140, 141, 142, 149, 153, 157, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 171, 172, 176, 181, 453

Oceanic crust sm,kmhasmuRT 98, 99, 104, 144-145, 153, 154, 158, 159, 161, 162, 163, 172, 181, 213, 214, 536

Offset (disrupted) drainage

karbgðÚrTwkRtUv)anbg¥ak; 189, 390

Offshore zone tMbn;kñúgsmuRT 443, 444, 462, 475

Ore mineral Er:sRmab;;vis½yesdækic© 95, 212

Orogenesis (orogeny) GUr:UCwnI ¬karegIbeLIgénExSRkv:at;PñM¦ 43, 114, 126, 159, 170, 172, 181, 509, 540-541, 542, 545, 557, 559

Orogenic belt (orogen) ExSRkv:at;CYrPñM 139, 140, 153, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 188, 191, 192, 194, 200, 201, 213, 215, 541, 560

Overbank deposits kemÞckMNelIRcaMgTenø 375, 376

Overburden bnÞúkBIelI 233, 236, 237

Overland flow lMhUrTwkelIépÞdI 55, 256, 305-308

Oxbow lake bwgkMeNag 374, 375, 376

Oxidation GuksIutkmµ 246, 254

Oxygen isotope analysis karviPaKénGIusUtUbGuksIuEsn 482, 519-522

Pahoehoe lava kMEGrPñMePøIgRkmYn b¤ )a:h½½yh½y 202

Palaeo- ):aeLGU- 152, 155, 157, 172, 481, 506


668

Palaeoecology )a:eLGUeGkULÚsIu 525, 526

Palaeomagnetism ):aeLGUma:ej:Tic 152, 155, 157, 172, 481

Paleozoic era s½k)a:eLGUsUGiuc b¤s½kTI 1 42, 140, 150, 211, 572

Palynology (pollen analysis)

lm¥gviTüa 525, 526

Pangaea b:g;eso 150, 151, 191, 214, 486

Parent rock silaem 105, 261, 265, 583

Passive continental margin CayTIVbGskmµ 192

Passive tectonic control karRtYtRtatictUnicGkmµ 385-389

Pediment CRmaleCIgPñM 321, 322

Percolation bgðÚrcuH 55, 307, 315, 336

Periglacial éndIkkrwg 8, 11, 49, 51, 52, 249, 250, 286, 436, 505, 516, 517, 518, 519

Periglacial geomorphology

PUmisNæanviTüadIkkrwg 8

Period sm½ykal 33, 42, 170, 203, 483, 508, 509, 550, 556, 572

Permeability PaBRCabTwk 235, 251, 306, 337, 470

Phase change karpøas;bþÚrpas 193, 215

Photosynthesis rsµIsMeyaK 46

Physical geography PUmiviTüarUb 3, 7, 18, 20, 165

Pillow lava kMEGrPñMePøIgragexñIy 202, 209

Pipeflow lMhUrTwkenAkñúglUbgðÚrTwk 306, 308, 343

Planetary geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaPB 8, 9, 12

Plate (tectonic plate) pøak ¬pøaktictUnic¦ 12, 97, 114, 118, 119, 121, 124, 147, 156, 158-165, 166, 167, 169, 170, 172, 181-188, 191, 192, 193, 194, 196, 198, 200, 212, 213, 215, 216, 296, 443, 445, 480, 489, 495, 536, 541, 558

Plate boundary RBMEdnpøak ¬EKménpøak¦ 97, 104, 110, 113, 121, 135, 149, 159, 160-164, 165, 172, 181, 187, 188, 191, 192, 193, 194, 196, 200, 212, 213, 215, 296, 443, 541, 548

Plate interior tMbn;Epñkxagkñúgpøak 181, 191-197, 198, 215, 216

Plate tectonics theory RTwsþIpøaktictUnic 19, 97, 125, 149-165, 172, 181, 216

Plateau x<g;rab 139, 140, 191, 203, 207, 211, 215, 380, 387, 390, 411, 423, 536, 542, 545

Plunging cliff RcaMgmuCTwk 466, 467


669

Plunging wave rlkmuCTwk 450, 451, 459, 460

Polar geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüatMbn;b:Ul 8, 9

Polar wandering karrsat;énb:Ulma:ej:Tic 152

Pool GagtUc² 45, 366, 367

Pore-water pressure sm<aFrn§Twk 281-284, 286, 289, 291, 303, 317, 323

Porosity PaBes<at 251, 261, 337

Potential energy famBlb:Utg;Esül 16, 43, 63, 487, 552

Precipitation kMNkGakas 55, 305, 307, 334, 335, 336, 433, 505, 507, 509, 516, 517, 519, 524, 527, 553, 556

Precipitation karbegáItkkr ¬kMNkkkr¦ 35, 105, 110, 259

Pressure-release (unloading)

karbeBa©jsm<aF 236, 237, 267, 289, 296, 324

Primary mineral Er:RbePTTImYy -

Principle of cross-cutting relationships

eKalkarN_énTMnak;TMngkat;ExVg 29, 30, 34

Principle of faunal succession

eKalkarN_éntMNBUC b¤karCab;RsLayKñaénBBYk stV

36

Principle of original horizontality

eKalkarN_énépÞBRgab 28, 32

Principle of superposition eKalkarN_énlMdab;fñak;RsTab;sila 29, 32, 34

Principle of uniformity eKalkarN_énPaBdUcKña 28, 30

Process dMeNIrkar CMBUkTaMgGs; Progressive failure kar)ak;Føak;bnþicmþg² 285

Proton RbUtug 38, 39, 41, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 245

Pull-apart basin GagTajecjBIKña 188, 194

Pyroclast bMENksilaPñMePøIg 201, 205, 209, 215

Pyroclastic flow lMhUrénepHPñMePøIgy:agekþA nigelOn 203, 204, 209

Quantitative revolution bdivtþn_brimaNedayeRbIkMuBüÚT½r 18

Quaternary science viTüasa®sþs½kTI 4 7, 520

Quick flow lMhUrelOn 336, 341, 343, 356, 358, 395

Radioactive decay karbMEbkénFatuviTüúskmµ 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 540

Radioactive half-life CIvitBak;kNþalviTüúskmµ 39, 40

Radiocarbon dating kalbriecäTénkareRbIR)as;kabUnviTüúskmµ 40, 41

Radiometric dating method

viFIkalbriecäTviTüúskmµ 33, 37, 63, 203, 538, 540

Raindrop dMNk;TwkePøóg 305, 309-311, 338


670

Raised beach eqñrxSac;Edl)anegIbeLIg 481, 482, 586

Rapids TwkCYr 371, 372

Recumbent fold pñt;Rcas 120, 121

Recurrence interval (return period)

cenøaHPaBjwkjab; 58, 59

Reduction erdukkmµ 246, 247

Regime rbb 49, 338, 383, 385, 396, 413, 427, 431, 515, 517, 557, 559

Regional metamorphism lMnaMERbkMeNItedaykarb:HTgÁic 114

Regolith (weathering mantle)

rC¢Hsila ¬KRmbrbic¦ 261-262, 263, 265, 267

Regression karedIrfyeRkayénExSeqñr 479

Relative age dating kalbriecäTeFob 36, 63

Relative sea-level change bERmbRmYleFobénnIv:UsmuRT 479-480

Relic (relict) vtßúburaNenAsl; 431, 432, 557

Relief sNæandItMbn; 16, 44, 48, 552, 553

Remote sensing karRbmUlB½t’manBIcm¶ay 11, 21, 61

Resistance kmøaMgTb; ¬er:sIusþg;¦ 16, 17, 44, 91, 213, 233-235, 238, 246, 247, 254, 267, 275, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 303, 317, 323, 343, 346, 347, 360, 385, 386, 387, 389, 395, 415, 416, 444, 506

Reverse fault bMMNak;Rsutb®Ba©as; 123-124

Riffle kEnøgTwkrak; 366

Rift valley (graben) RClgsRmut 124, 140, 159, 160, 161, 170, 171, 172, 181, 191, 194-196, 391

Rifting karXøatecjBIKña 160, 161, 194-196

Rilling lMhUrTwkenAtamGUrtUc 312

Rip current crnþTwkbRBa©as 457

Ripple rlkGgáaj; 108, 110, 424-425, 426

River capture (stream piracy)

karcab;ykrbs;Tenø 389

River metamorphosis karERbkMeNIténTenø 384, 385

Rock sila CMBUkTaMgGs; Rock avalanche Gava:Lg;fµ 278, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291,

292, 325

Rock creep kareRCcuHyWt²énsila 288, 290, 291, 293

Rock cycle vdþsila 73, 96-116, 125, 126, 227, 267


671

Rockfall karFøak;cuHénfµ 278, 279, 288, 289, 290, 295, 296, 323, 325

Rockslide karrGilpÞaMgfµ 277, 278, 286, 288, 290, 291, 292, 293

Runoff lMhUrTwkelIs ¬lMhUrTwkkñúgpøÚvTwk¦ 48, 333, 334, 336, 338, 343, 382, 553

Sackung (rock-mass sag) kareRCcuHénCRmalsila 288, 290, 293

Salt weathering (haloclasty)

rbicedaykarrIkmaDénRkamGMbil 240, 241, 247, 254, 459

Saltation karelatcuH 356, 416, 417, 424, 425

Saltation load bnÞúkelatcuH 356

Sand sea (erg) smuRTxSac; 45, 409, 410, 412, 413, 434, 436

Scree (talus) slope CRmalénkemÞckMTIfµ 240, 289, 295, 296, 320, 544

Sea cave rUgsmuRT 466, 467, 468, 469

Sea cliff RcaMgcMeNateqñr b¤ l,ak;eqñr 443, 444, 459, 466, 467, 469, 495

Sea level nIv:UTwksmuRT 13, 16, 31, 32, 33, 137, 138, 139, 142, 145, 171, 183, 212, 340, 434, 444, 445, 453, 461, 462, 472, 478, 479-494, 496, 507, 510, 512, 516, 517, 519, 535, 538, 550, 552, 555, 557, 558, 559

Sea stack ssrsmuRT 466, 467, 468, 469, 481

Sea (swell) wave rlksmuRT ¬rlkeXøgeXøag¦ 449, 462, 466, 471, 492

Sea-floor spreading Kmøatén)atmhasmuRT 99, 157, 161, 172, 195, 486, 557, 558, 559, 561

Seamount PñM)atsmuRT 141

Secondary mineral Er:RbePTTIBIr 265-266

Sediment kemÞckMN CMBUkTaMgGs; Sediment load (sediment yield)

bnÞúkkemÞckMN 6, 231, 346, 355, 356, 357, 360, 369, 370, 378, 383, 385, 392, 516, 519, 544, 545, 547, 548

Sedimentary rock silakemÞckMN 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 84, 90, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 104-113, 114, 116, 119, 120, 121, 125, 144, 154, 212, 227, 233, 252, 291, 384, 386, 528, 536, 555, 581, 582

Sedimentation KMnrkemÞckMN 12, 163, 507, 517, 521, 548, 550

Sedimentology kkrviTüa 6, 7, 481

Seismic wave rlkrBa¢ÜydI 148, 149

Semi-arid Bak;kNþals¶Üt 50, 238, 249, 313, 314, 420, 433, 435


672

Shallow translational slide karrGilragRtg;-rak; 279, 280, 281-283, 286, 288

Shear resistance (shear strength)

er:sIusþg;rGil 281-285, 303, 317, 323

Shear stress (shear force) kmøaMgrGil 118, 119, 233, 234, 267, 281-284, 317, 323

Sheetwash lMhUrTwktamRsTab;Twk 312, 313

Shield volcano PñMePøIgExl 159, 207, 216

Short-wave radiation famBlrlkxIø 46

Silicate Er:sIulIkat 85, 86, 87, 89, 90, 93, 94, 125, 149, 235, 266

Sill RcksIul 210, 211, 216

Simulation karcmøg b¤karbnøMeFVI 26, 60, 61

Sinuosity PaBRkgikRkgk; 364, 367

Slab pull bnÞHRkas;²Taj 164, 165, 172

Slide karrGil 11, 27, 53, 58, 112, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280-285, 286, 288, 291-293, 294, 295, 318, 323, 453

Slope decline karfycuHénmMuCRmal 321, 322

Slope failure kar)ak;Føak;énCRmal 278, 280-297, 323, 356

Slope (hillslope) form TRmg;énCRmal 316-322

Slope replacement karCMnYsénCRmal 321, 322

Slope retreat kardkfyénCRmaltamépÞRsb 321, 322

Slope unit cMENkCRmal 317, 320-321

Snow avalanche Gava:Lg;himH 11, 278, 295

Soil creep kareRCcuHyWt²éndI 276, 277, 278, 297-304, 305, 318, 320, 324, 325

Soil degradation karxUcKuNPaBdI 419

Soil infiltration capacity kmøaMgCRmabTwkrbs;dI 306, 313, 314

Soil science (pedology) dIviTüa 6, 7, 12

Solar energy (insolation) famBlRBHGaTitü 41, 43, 46, 47, 55, 56, 63, 413

Solifluction lMhUryWt²éndIEdlesImeCak nigrlay 298, 302-304, 305, 320, 325

Solution sUluysüúg b¤ l,ay 242-243, 244, 245, 254, 256-260, 267, 305, 314-315

Space-time substitution karykeBlevlamkCMnYsTItaMg 61, 64

Spilling wave rlkkMBb; 450, 451

Spit s<It 472, 473, 474, 481

Spring TwkpuseRkamdI 337, 343


673

Spring tide CMenar-lMnacx<s;CagFmµta 454, 455

Stock sþúk 210, 216

Storage sþúkTuk 55, 171, 306, 307, 333, 336, 341, 373, 374, 377, 382, 424, 482, 484, 507, 522, 524, 544

Storm surge rlkxül;BüúH 453

Straight channel pøÚvTwkRtg; 364, 366, 369, 370, 385

Strata RsTab;kemÞckMN 6, 29, 30, 31, 32, 98, 100, 119, 120, 375

Stream order lMdab;pøÚvTwk 345-346

Stress kmøaMgsgát; 117-119, 120, 122, 124, 183, 228, 231, 236, 237, 238, 240, 241, 267, 277, 293, 298

Strike-slip fault bMNak;RsutrGilEbk 123, 124, 390

Subduction karFøak;cuH 99, 104, 159, 160, 161, 164, 166, 169, 181-186, 187, 199, 201, 215, 558

Subduction zone tMbn;karFøak;cuH 99, 103, 104, 160, 164, 165, 183, 185, 186, 187

Submergent coast eqñrEdlmuCcuH 444, 447, 496

Subsidence karRsutcuH b¤sRmutcuH 188, 195, 197, 213, 214, 423, 478, 484, 485, 536, 547

Sundaland sugdaEln 169, 170, 171, 490

Surf zone tMbn;BBuHrlk 444

Surface creep karlUnénépÞdI 415, 417, 424

Surface uplift karegIbeLIgénépÞdI 19, 535, 557, 561

Surging wave rlkeRTaleLIg 451

Suspended load bnÞúkGENþt 356, 357, 358, 359, 368, 370, 375, 475

Swash rlkRbedj 444, 463, 471

Swash zone tMbn;rlkRbedj 444

Swell (sea) wave rlkeXøgeXøag ¬rlksmuRT¦ 449, 462, 466, 471, 492

Syncline saMgKøINal; 120, 121

System RbB½n§ 5, 7, 11, 18, 20, 21, 47, 54-56, 62, 63, 139, 140, 141, 159, 169, 170, 194, 196, 210, 233, 256, 259, 306, 307, 325, 333, 334, 336, 338, 339, 340, 345, 349-350, 355, 356, 358, 375, 380, 382, 384, 385, 391, 392, 394, 396, 409, 411, 413, 431, 433, 447, 454, 476, 488, 492, 493, 495, 509, 516, 527, 535, 546, 553, 555


674

System input pøÚvcUlRbB½n§ 55-56, 307, 336

System output pøÚvecjRbB½n§ 55-56, 307, 336

System throughput pøÚvxagkñúgRbB½n§ 55, 307

Talus cone ekaNénkemÞckMTIfµ 290, 295, 296

Talus (scree) slope CRmalénkemÞckMTIfµ 240, 290, 295, 296

Tectonic geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüatictUnic 12, 137-216

Tectonism clnatictUnic 13, 43, 99, 119, 149-172, 181-197, 371, 385-391, 396, 479, 533-561

Tensile (extensional) stress

kmøaMgRbTaj 118, 233, 236, 238, 240, 244, 267

Terrace l,ak; ¬Tenø¦ 315, 371, 374, 378, 382, 396, 487, 516

Terracette CeNþIrdI 298, 302, 318

Tetrahedron ctumux 83, 84, 85, 87

Texture vaynPaB 28, 63, 100-102, 103, 113, 114, 115, 116, 125, 261, 291, 313, 579, 581, 582, 583, 584s

Theory of evolution RTwsþIkarvivtþ 18, 36

Threshold kRmitkMNt; 317, 353, 366, 369, 415, 416, 417, 509

Throughflow lMhUrTwkenAkñúgdI 55, 305, 306, 307, 315, 336, 355

Tidal flat TMnabCMenar-lMnac 465. 473. 475

Tidal range cenøaHCMenar-lMnac 455, 470, 472, 475, 495, 496

Tide CMenarlMnac 380, 443, 449, 454-457, 458, 462

Tombolo fuMb:ULÚ 473

Toppling (slab) failure kardYlRsuténfµ ¬kar)ak;Føak;énpÞaMgfµ¦ 288, 289, 290, 291, 323

Trailing-edge (passive margin) coast

eqñrmanEKmtamBIeRkay 444, 446

Transfer karepÞr 55

Transform fault bMNak;Rsutpøas;bþÚr b¤ bMNak;RsutrGil 123, 160, 188, 390

Transform orogen ExSRkv:at;PñMpøas;bþÚr 188

Transgression karedIreTamuxénExSeqñr 479

Transport kardwkCBaöÚn 305-315, 323, 325, 333, 346, 350, 355-358, 415-417, 461-463

Transport-limited slope CRmalkMNt;edaykardwkCBa¢Ún 316

Transportability PaBGacRtUvdwkCBa¢Ún 44, 369

Tsunami rlkrBa¢ÜydI b¤s‘UNami 11, 169, 453-454

Tuff RKab;fµPñMePøIg 201, 208, 209


675

Turbulent flow lMhUrkYc 347, 348

Unconformity épÞcenøaHsila 30-33

Underfit (misfit) stream ExSTwkminsmrmü 383

Uniformitarianism RTwsþIÉksNæanniym 14, 20, 33

Uplift karegIbeLIg 6, 12, 17, 19, 21, 32, 33, 43, 45, 55, 56, 97, 99, 114, 126, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 170, 172, 181, 188, 192, 193, 194, 197, 199, 211, 213, 215, 293, 321, 390, 436, 444, 485, 486, 489, 509, 535-543, 545, 546, 550, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561

Vent rn§PñMePøIg 197, 207

Ventifact dMufµrlIgedayxül;bk; 421

Viscosity PaBxab;Gn§il 93, 100, 102, 103, 142, 148, 201, 202, 205, 207, 215, 346, 347, 348, 410

Volcanic énPñMePøIg 11, 12, 13, 45, 98, 99, 100, 103, 149, 153, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 169, 172, 181, 187, 196, 197, 198, 199-209, 210, 213, 215, 286, 287, 388, 478, 535, 557, 558, 561, 579

Volcanic bomb kemÞcRKab;GMEbgPñMePøIg 203, 209

Volcanic eruption bnÞúHPñMePøIg 11, 13, 45, 98, 149, 159, 160, 165, 169, 172, 181, 199, 201, 204, 205, 206, 207, 215, 286, 287

Volcanic geomorphology PUmisNæanviTüaPñMePøIg 12, 197-211

Volcanic island arc kMeNagekaHPñMePøIg 99, 153, 161, 163, 164

Volcanism skmµPaBPñMePøIg 99, 170, 193, 197, 198, 199-209, 215, 509, 528, 557, 558, 561

Volcano PñMePøIg 11, 12, 13, 45, 98, 100, 103, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 172, 187, 196, 197, 198, 199-209, 210, 213, 215, 287, 388, 478

Warping (epeirogeny) karekageLIgéntMbn;FM ¬eGeprU:CwnI¦ 192, 215, 390, 540, 541, 542, 560

Wash load bnÞúkrsat; 356

Water (hydrological) cycle vdþTwk 46, 47, 48, 227, 306

Water table ClsþarkñúgdI b¤ kRmitTwkkñúgdI 259, 307, 337

Water-layer weathering rbicRsTabTwk 458, 459

Waterfall TwkFøak; 371, 372

Wave refraction cMNaMgEbr ¬kMeNag¦ énrlk 452

Wave-cut notch sñamlak;kat;rlk 466, 467, 468


676

Wave-cut platform pÞaMgsilakat;rlk 466, 467, 468

Weathering rbic b¤dMeNIrBukpuy 6, 8, 9, 11, 18, 19, 43, 49, 50, 51, 53, 73, 77, 87, 90, 94, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 137, 194, 207, 210, 213, 216, 225-268, 275, 285, 286, 288, 289, 295, 296, 297, 305, 309, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 349, 350, 387, 409, 414, 421, 455, 457, 458-459, 468, 495, 505, 506, 508, 509, 516, 544, 552, 558-559

Weathering mantle (regolith)

KRmbrbic ¬rC¢Hsila¦ 251, 261-262, 263, 265, 267, 300, 321

Weathering-limited slope CRmalkMNt;edayrbic 316

Wedge failure kar)ak;Føak;énRCugfµ 288, 291, 292

Wilson cycle (Supercontinent cycle)

vdþvIlsun ¬vdþmhaTIVb¦ 214

Wind-generated wave rlkekIteLIgedaysarxül;;bk; 449-452

Yardang RTnugFµenAvallMh ¬y:adag¦ 422, 423, 436

Zone of aeration (vadose zone)

tMbn;minEq¥tTwk 337

Zone of saturation tMbn;Eq¥tTwk 259, 308, 337

Documents

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