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LOCOG Temporary Materials Guidelines
Champion Products are examples of tools and formats used by the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) in executing its programme.
LOCOG is publishing these as part of its Learning Legacy in anticipation that they may be of use to future projects seeking best practice examples of tools and templates that have been used successfully on a large, complex programme.
Purpose of the document, description and how it was usedDue to the lack of information and precedents on incorporating sustainability into a short-term temporary build programme on the scale of the London 2012 Games, LOCOG developed the Temporary Materials Guidelines to address this information gap.
This document provided a framework to the engineering, design and procurement teams at LOCOG on how to manage the sustainability impacts of materials selection in a temporary context.
The guidelines focus on how to select materials with the following sequence of objectives in mind: zero
waste to landfill; protect human health and the environment; minimise embodied energy. They provide outline information on materials minimisation, design criteria, embodied carbon, materials lifecycle and procurement, health and wellbeing considerations and carbon management.
Benefit to future organisations/projectsFor future organisations/projects planning to use temporary venues, this document provides a compelling rationale for incorporating sustainability criteria into materials choices. It also gives clear guidance as to how to select materials with a lower environmental footprint.
Scoping and project management of the LOCOG Sustainability Learning Legacy Programme was provided by Action Sustainability CIC. Funded equally by Action Sustainability CIC and Defra.
This document and the official Emblems of the London 2012 Games are © London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited 2007–2012. All rights reserved.
For more information visit: learninglegacy.independent.gov.uk Published December 2012 LOC2012/SUS/CR/0011
London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited Temporary materials guidelinesMay 2010
Materials
Developed in collaboration with Atkins, the official engineering design services provider for the London 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games
Learning legacyLessons learned from planning and staging the London 2012 Games
London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited Temporary materials guidelinesMay 2010
Materials
Developed in collaboration with Atkins, the official engineering design services provider for the London 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games
2
Contents Introduction 3
Materials minimisation 4
Design criteria and the impact on temporary venues 6 Climate considerations 6 Design criteria 8 People power 9 Robustness 9
The LOCOG materials and embodied carbon profile 10
Materials lifecycle and procurement 14
Health and wellbeing 16
Carbon management 17
Materials datasheets 18
3
Introduction The selection of materials is a fundamental part of sustainable sourcing. In May 2009, the Olympic Board agreed that London 2012 will employ and maintain a clear and consistent policy for mitigating the impacts of manufacture, supply, use and disposal of all materials for the London 2012 Games.
A significant number of temporary facilities and materials (or ‘overlay’) will be required for London 2012 – more so than previous Games. Selection of the materials and components used to create overlay and where they go afterwards is crucial in respect to sustainability. However, there is no recent precedent for a temporary event on this scale and complexity in respect to sustainability.
Furthermore, most sustainability assessments on materials tend to focus on permanent or long-term use rather than short-term usage. Therefore, as a temporary organisation, the London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) needs to focus on seeking options to minimise any spend which may present issues in respect to reuse and recycling.
These Temporary Materials Guidelines aim to provide a framework to the client, design and procurement teams on how to manage the sustainability impacts of materials selection in a temporary context.
The guidelines focus on how to select materials with the following sequence of objectives in mind:
– zero waste to landfill.− protect human health and the environment.− minimise embodied energy.
The guidelines have been developed in collaboration with Atkins, LOCOG’s official engineering design services provider, following initial discussions with a number of technical and industry expert stakeholders. This group included individual specialists from universities, BioRegional, Government advisory agencies (such as WRAP and the National Non-Food Crops Centre), and industry representatives such as the Construction Products Association.
The primary audiences for the guidelines are the procurement, design and engineering teams in LOCOG. The document will be continually reviewed based on feedback from this group.
Other interested parties are also encouraged to read the guidelines, so that they can better understand our views on sustainability and how they are being implemented. For this reason LOCOG is committed to a process of continual improvement and welcomes feedback from and dialogue with interested parties. All feedback and comments on these guidelines can be sent to [email protected].
LOCOG will also work with its partners and key stakeholders to establish whether opportunities exist to promote and take forward its approach to temporary materials outside of the Games.
4
Materials minimisation At the heart of any materials management programme is the need to reduce the quantity of material required to satisfy the project. This must be the first consideration.
The materials hierarchy is illustrated for each project phase with the key considerations in materials minimisation highlighted in the following diagram:
Install/Construct
Design
Avoid/Reduce
CompensateReturnedReused
Recycled
SubstituteRentedReused
Recycled
Dismantle
The key priorities of the hierarchy are best described by a series of questions. These start with avoidance of a material and finish with mitigation associated with its unavoidable use.
Three words are used to describe a material choice in LOCOG. They are materials, components and commodities. They are essentially the same thing but describe the whole range of building elements that make up Games overlay. In broad terms a material is a raw element like granular fill; a component is an element that is used to create an assembly like scaffold; and a commodity is a multi-material item that is sourced as a single item like a fire alarm system. All three terms are used seamlessly to describe the materials selection process.
5
The following diagram sets out the key questions that must be asked of the design to satisfy the materials hierarchy and their relative benefits in materials efficiency and reduction.
Can it be responsibly recycled?
Can it be convertedto energy?
Can it be reused without reprocessing?
Can it be easily dismantled and/or separated?
Can it be made with a high recycled material content?
Can it be made using reusable components?
Can it be leased from an established rental market?
Can it be replaced by supervision and management?
Can the use of the material/component/commodity be avoided?
Recycling involves the processing of a material to put it back into productive use. It is an over arching term and can be thought of according to the following three outcomes (in order of preference):
1. Upcycling – the process of converting unwanted items into new materials or products of better quality or a higher environmental value.
2. Downcycling – the process of converting unwanted items into new materials or products of lesser quality and reduced functionality.
3. Composting – the process by which unwanted items that meet a certain specification degrade under aerobic or anaerobic conditions to create a product which can be put to beneficial use (for example, quality compost).
Suppliers making claims that items are recyclable or compostable must be able to provide appropriate evidence to support such claims. For example, if a particular product is claimed to be recyclable, is the supplier able to confirm which recycling locations in the UK would accept receipt of such items?
Claims regarding the biodegradability of materials should be treated with extreme caution. For example, confirmation should be sought that the items are in fact truly compostable and not simply degradable or oxo-degradable. The LOCOG Sustainable Sourcing Code provides further advice on LOCOG’s policy on acceptance of compostable items.
6
Design criteria and the impact on temporary venues
The design solutions will be informed by the brief, regulations and codes of practice. We are all familiar with these regulations and codes and they are built into our design responses and the solutions we propose. However, the majority of regulations and codes relate to permanent buildings with life spans considerably longer than overlay required for the Games.
Climate considerationsThe appropriate ambient environmental criteria will be specific to the 77-day Games period.
The Games occur during peak external temperatures across the UK and therefore standard normalised temperature profiles are not relevant. Rainfall rates, wind directions and humidity will all be much more distinct than for a permanent building and those designed for legacy. Climate change only needs to be considered in relation to probable effects to 2012 rather than a more long-term view to, say, 2050.
To highlight some of the opportunities presented, some initial comments follow. London data has been used because that is where the majority of venues are located and it is considered representative of most of the other Games venue locations.
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
AH
5
10
15
20
25
30
Psychrometric chartLocation: London, UKFrequency: 1 June to 1 SeptemberWeekday times: 00:00 to 24:00hrsWeekend times: 00:00 to 24:00hrsBarometric pressure: 101.36kPa
©WeatherTool
Psychrometric chart
Temperature
Location: London, UKFrequency: 1 January to 31 DecemberWeekday times: 00:00 to 24:00hrsWeekend times: 00:00 to 24:00hrsBarometric pressure: 101.36kPa
©WeatherTool
DBT (°C)
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
DBT (°C)
AH
5
10
15
20
25
30
ComfortComfort
The two graphs above are frequency-based psychometric charts with annual dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures for London. The darker the blue, the more frequently the temperature condition occurs. Both have an orange plot point at a typical indoor comfortable environment. The graph on the left shows an annual temperature spread whereas the graph on the right is for the Games period.
7
Clearly the outdoor environmental design criteria we must use for overlay is different to the normal building design criteria provided by our design codes. Both the peak and average temperatures will be higher than for a permanent facility and there is essentially no need for heating systems. This will influence the design solutions because we must focus on avoiding overheating spaces in a hot environment rather than avoiding heat losses in a cold environment. Passive building technologies must be employed to avoid a plethora of cooling systems with consequential cost, energy and materials implications.
Passive technologies could include:
− fly roofs.− thermal mass.− shading.− open spaces with good air flow.
The plot for average rainfall across the London area shows significant rainfall in every month with a range of 11 to 15 wet days per month. March and April are the lowest at approximately 40mm with August second highest at 59mm, and November topping the list at 64mm.
The broad conclusions from this are that we can expect rainfall during the Games period. The design needs to provide a basic level of rainwater management and protection to avoid flooding and damage to temporary facilities and systems.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Tem
pera
ture
(˚C
)
Rain
fall
(mm
)
Rainfall
Rainfall
Average daily temperature (max)
Average daily temperature (min)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
8
The following two graphs illustrate the number of hours that wind blows at a certain speed, annually on the left and during the Games period on the right.
Prevailing windsWind frequency (hrs)
Location: London, UK (51.4°, 0.0°)Date: 1 June to 31 AugustTime: 00:00 to 24:00hrs©WeatherTool
Prevailing winds
Prevailing winds
Wind frequency (hrs)
Location: London, UK (51.4°, 0.0°)Date: 1 January to 31 DecemberTime: 00:00 to 24:00hrs©WeatherTool
North
15°
30°
45°
60°
75°
East
105°
120°
135°
150°
165°South
195°
210°
225°
240°
255°
West
285°
300°
315°
330°
345° 15°
30°
45°
60°
75°
105°
120°
135°
150°
165°195°
210°
225°
240°
255°
285°
300°
315°
330°
345°
Hours606+545484424363
303242181121<60
North
East
South
West
Hours144+12911510086
72574328<14
10km/h
20km/h
30km/h
40km/h
50km/h
10km/h
20km/h
30km/h
40km/h
50km/h
The graph for the Games period shows the same south-westerly prevailing wind as for the year but with much reduced wind speeds and more multi-directional wind.
Designs need to respect this difference when they are using natural ventilation. Multi-directional wind towers and multi-sided openings should feature highly.
Design criteriaThe designers must challenge their solutions to check that the design criteria are relevant to a temporary event. Significant material reductions are possible through selecting materials and systems that reflect the temporary nature of the Games. Examples include:
− settlement criteria for temporary structures can be relaxed.− road surface durability factors can be reduced.− requirements for heating will be minimal.− solar control to avoid overheating must be considered.− building regulations dispensations are possible.− most systems will operate 24/7 for the duration of the Games
and so variable volume and complex seasonal control systems are irrelevant.
9
People powerBig events provide a much managed environment with considerable numbers of staff, volunteers and contracts operating to strict command, coordination and communication procedures. This level of supervision can be used to eliminate some typically automated systems that we would find in a normal building environment. It is also possible to use additional staff to solve some monitoring roles. Relevant examples could include:
− fire detection systems can be replaced by fire marshals.− automated plant controls systems can be replaced by engineering staff.− CCTV, access control and intruder detection systems can be replaced
by security staff.
These are, of course, very important operational issues and the people replacing the systems must be properly trained and the respective risk assessments undertaken. The relevant emergency services and authorities will also have to be consulted. That said, this is a very common approach to take for temporary events and there are many precedents.
RobustnessWhen we design buildings for permanent uses there is a considerable effort made to ensure the materials are robust and have a long life. This quite often results in the application of coating and treatments to extend the base materials’ natural life. This creates multiple material elements which are difficult to separate into their constituent parts for easy reuse or recycling. The short Games period allows us to use materials in their rawest form, ensuring maximum disassembly, reusability and recyclability. Examples of this strategy include:
− Do not apply paint, foil or laminate finishes to timber, steel, etc. Use materials raw.
− Do not plaster partitions and walls. Use self-finished materials.− Use raw concrete or timber floor surfaces and avoid carpets, vinyl,
and so on.− Do not laminate paper or card signs, leaflets, etc. Use recyclable card.− Avoid self-adhesive vinyl graphics. Use simple mechanical fixings.
10
The LOCOG materials and embodied carbon profile
Overlay required for the Games represents a unique design challenge. London 2012’s temporary philosophy has transformed overlay from a branding wrap into a series of significant building elements and engineering projects. These projects must therefore translate traditional building solutions into a temporary venue context and avoid the generation of significant waste when they are removed.
To illustrate the design components and materials involved in Games overlay we need to consider the embodied impacts of overlay. Embodied impacts relate to the resource and energy inputs in the manufacture, transportation and delivery (to the point of use) of a material, product or service.
London 2012 is the first Summer Games to attempt to map a complete carbon footprint of the Games over the entire project term. As the carbon footprint has been calculated as a forward looking estimate for the seven-year lifetime of the project from winning the bid in 2005 to dissolution after the Games in 2012, it has been called a ‘reference footprint’. By using the footprint methodology in effect as an impact assessment, it has helped identify priority areas to focus avoidance and reduction efforts.
The largest contribution to the footprint for staging the Games (approximately 400,000 tonnes of CO2 equivalent) is due to the embodied carbon in the temporary materials used for temporary overlay (approximately 200,000 tonnes of CO2 equivalent). These figures should be recognised as order of magnitude reference footprint predictions. At the time of calculation there were still many unknown elements of the project, data quality was mixed and there was little relevant information available from previous events.
The methodology and the initial findings are summarised in the London 2012 Sustainability Plan. The full London 2012 carbon footprint study has been published separately as a technical supplement and can also be downloaded from the London 2012 website.
OverlayIT servicesGames Family transport servicesTravel grantsMiscellaneous
Embodied carbon is a good measure of the efficiency of materials use.
If we minimise the embodied carbon of design solutions when considering options they are typically simpler to build, contain less material and will be cheaper to procure. If we use the right amount of a material in a design solution, recognising its inherent material properties, then the resulting volume of material multiplied by its carbon factor will more often than not give the minimum embodied carbon.
11
Analysis of an initial list of commodities required for the Games, with basic carbon accounting for each component material type, identifies where the majority of the embodied carbon is.
CO2 (tonnes)
0 0 0000 00 00 0
,05, 0, ,0 00 00 0
1 15 0, ,0 00 002 25 0, ,0
0 3 35 40
Portable building shower and toiletPortable building 5mPortable building 9m
Portable building 15mPortable building toilet 15m
Portable building saunaPortable building container storage
Portable building temp toiletPortable building and air conditioning
Portable building officePortable building temp toilet
Portable building temp changingPortable building back of house toilet
Portable building training areaPortable building temp and air conditioning
Roads and Pavement pavementRoads and Pavement hardstanding
Roads and Pavement pavementRoads and Pavement parking
Roads and Pavement pavRoads and Pavement barriers
Roads and Pavement compoundRoads and Pavement ext car park
Roads and Pavement emergency accessTent – basic
Tent and floorTent and floor and service
Tent – superiorTent and air conditioning
Tent – warm upTent – grooms accommodation
Electrical servicesElectrical servicesElectrical servicesElectrical servicesElectrical services
Accommodation FF and ESeating – tiered
Seating – spectatorSeating – IT access
Seating – disabled positionSeating – commentator
Seating – pressSeating – family
Seating – cameraFencingFencingFencing
DrainageFitout works
FlagpolesField of play turf
Field of play podiumField of play floor
Field of play composite surfacesField of play mating
Field of play lane markerField of play paint
Field of play barrierField of play sandField of play sand
Field of playField of play nursery
Field of play mechFootpath
Cycle pathBuilding protection
WalkwaysRoofRoof
Levelling platformRampover
Reinstalement tarmacReinstalement turfReinstalement soilPortable building
Roads and pavementField of play
12
This study models carbon dioxide emissions only as opposed to the full complement of GHG emissions. This will introduce a five per cent to 10 per cent error and is acceptable for the conclusions reached. Transport emissions have also been excluded because we do not have very robust data to hand about the source locations. As we use more and more rental options, the transport issues will become more prominent as we tackle the residual carbon.
The components relate to a particular commodity like roadways, buildings, and so on. Since most of the components relate to the solutions developed around the commodity we have grouped the carbon based on each commodity. We expect each commodity to be managed and procured together to get best value and so the procurement and carbon mitigation strategy will be at a commodity level and not a component level.
The predominant peaks on the graph relate to serviced temporary buildings, serviced tents, roadways and building services systems. The biggest peak is for the seating and supporting structural systems.
International carbon accounting rules allow us to zero rate components that are part of a rental market provided they are contracted under a lease arrangement. Only carbon associated with transport and operating energy remains with the project. All other end of Games uses have a significant carbon impact. Once the rental options are exhausted the team must look to minimise the carbon content and/or look for the biggest carbon credit from the end of Games reuse. The procurement team must be mindful of this in contractual negotiations and conditions.
The carbon profile has been adjusted for the proposed procurement strategy with maximum rental to identity carbon ‘hot spots’.
13
CO
2 (to
nnes
)Total embodied carbonEmbodied carbon (excluding rental items)
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
Porta
ble bu
ilding
Road Ten
tEle
ctrica
l serv
ices
FFE
Stand
s/se
ating
Fenc
ing/b
arrie
r
Drain
age
Fit-ou
t work
sFie
ld of
play w
orks
Footp
ath/w
alkway
sRe
instat
emen
t
Roof
Struc
tural
works
Miscell
aneo
us w
orks
The transformation of the carbon profile shows how significant the rental strategy is to reducing waste and the carbon footprint of the temporary overlay programme. This strategy alone has the potential to reduce embodied carbon by 76 per cent.
There will be operational impacts associated with disassembly and the logistics of redistribution but this will be small relative to the actual embodied impacts.
Any residual carbon from this analysis represents materials that could end up in landfill if we do not responsibly redistribute them in some way. These items are our biggest challenge and we will have to work with the value chain to resolve their end of use destination. Not surprisingly these materials are multiple material, high-quality, technology-based products. They are typically building services equipment and materials that are used in a bespoke way, making it difficult to reuse them in their original condition or refresh them for reuse.
Some of the strategies for improving the reuse of materials include:
− Return materials to suppliers for refreshment, testing and resale.− Design systems for dismantling with plug and socket connections and
mechanical fixings.− Use popular materials which will have a bigger reuse market.
The carbon accounting referred to in this section has been simplified for the purposes of this study to identify relative quantities. The following qualifications should be noted:
− Carbon factors have been sourced from Bath ICE data and Atkins’ own project-based data – this should not be viewed as life cycle-based analysis.
− Assumptions on rental items are based on items with high likelihood to be hired and should be treated as indicative only at this stage.
− Building services factors are very difficult to obtain with any reliability and so a number of assumptions have been made about the design proposals and relevant factors.
− Transport and logistics issues have not been included as they will vary based on the procurement, constructor and supply chain.
14
Materials lifecycle and procurement
With a traditional building project, the final dismantling or demolition will occur in the distant future and is therefore not as relevant as in a temporary project which needs to last a matter of weeks or months. The designers have the opportunity and responsibility to influence and manage the final destination of materials and therefore avoid waste to landfill.
The following procurement process sets out the proposed end of Games destinations for components:
Commodity, material or system selection
Specification and tender
Legacy Third party donation
Third party reprocess
2012 marketplace
SupplierVenue
InstallConstruct Operate Dismantle
RentalBuyback
Return for reuse
Return
TransferTo be agreed
Def
ault
solu
tion
Consider delivery methods
Donate
Sell Sell
Where practicable it is the responsibility of the client via their design team and procurement team to close the Games cycle loop on every material. Every specification must identify a materials source, specific transport and packaging criteria and final use after the Games. Therefore, as a temporary organisation, LOCOG needs to focus on seeking options to minimise any spend which may present issues in respect to reuse and recycling.
The preferred procurement method for materials is a rental scheme, but failing that the next best method is return to supplier for reuse. The supplier then has the choice of reselling the product or passing it on to a third party for post-processing and eventual reuse. The suppliers must demonstrate, with solid evidence, their supply chain with respect to the reuse in order to ensure there is not a third-party waste to landfill occurring. This obligation should be reflected in contract.
There are four other end-of-Games destinations:
− legacy (component left for long-term benefit of the community).− third-party donation.− third-party reprocessing.− 2012 marketplace.
15
Where overlay creates something of long-term value then the item may remain in place as part of the legacy of the Games. Items where this is possible must be carefully considered because their design criteria will change to those of a permanent context. Items may include:
− street furniture.− underground services, drainage and utilities.− kiosks.
Third-party donations must be formally agreed to avoid any end of use surprises. Donation items may include:
− sports equipment to sports bodies for distribution to national sports facilities.
− furniture.− kiosks or removable buildings.
Third-party reprocessing must be identified at the time of purchase to ensure the removal arrangements and responsibilities are agreed and costed. Ideally this is where the third party sees value in our waste material and will convert it to a saleable product.
The 2012 marketplace would primarily deal with items with a souvenir value where they can be sold ‘as is’.
We must recognise that the financial return from this redistribution of our waste could be very small. The perceived value of a used item is very discretionary and should be seen as a bonus rather than a requirement. Avoiding waste to landfill is the primary aim which in itself is a financial gain to the organisation.
Packaging is a significant issue and we must look to lessons from the construction sector to manage this.
We must avoid packaging wherever possible by:
− preassembly to limit the amount of packaging.− recyclable packaging and supply chain management.− delivery logistics with ‘just in time’ deliveries not requiring onerous
packaging and protection.− recycling of all construction site waste streams.
Further advice on packaging can be found in the LOCOG packaging guidelines.
16
Health and wellbeing The health and wellbeing aspects to materials selection are wide ranging. There is specific guidance relating to certain chemicals, there are risks associated with a material’s use and there can be strong public opinion against the use of certain materials.
The following diagram outlines the process to be used for each and every material prior to its specification:
Commodity, material
or system option
Material component list
Specific political, public
or project concerns
Risks associated with use
Chemical composition
Proceed to carbon calculation
Not acceptable
Are there specific guidelines for the material use and/or applicability:– Legally restricted substances and materials– LOCOG restricted substances and materials– Non-FSC timber
Are there adverse risks associated with use:– HSE guidance– PPE requirements
Acceptable
Acceptable
The LOCOG Sustainable Sourcing Code outlines existing policies on certain substances and materials, including policies on the use of timber and timber products.
Materials with onerous Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) requirements must be avoided because this is an indication that they may be harmful. This should be picked up by risk assessments. Materials under this category may include:
− high gloss paints.− materials with high volatile organic compounds (VOCs).− materials which shed particles or fibres during installation.− skin irritants.
Materials containing unacceptable chemicals must be avoided.
17
Carbon management Every design team has the responsibility to minimise the embodied carbon of the venues they design. However, it is not expected that the teams will do a full embodied carbon assessment of each venue. Carbon accounting can be used as part of an option assessment process and considered alongside affordability, constructability, and so on, when assessing design solutions.
Carbon is a useful tool for assessing temporary venues because it allows the team to include transport and logistics alongside factors such as materials choices, different structures and systems. It provides a common base for looking at quite diverse solutions.
The process is illustrated in the following diagram. The key to comparative carbon studies is to ensure the boundary conditions are the same across all the options. The options must satisfy the same design criteria and be solving the same brief. Once this is confirmed the carbon sums will allow a simple numeric comparison and highlight which elements are dominant. The larger carbon elements can then be reassessed to explore lower carbon solutions and the carbon sums can be included in an options assessment.
Commodity, material or system
option
Check option boundary and
criteria are consistent
Calculate embodied
carbon
(Ce = T CO2e)
Check sensitivity
Compare with carbon
allocation or other options
Include summary report in workstage report
Report includes:sketch, embodied carbon, carbon statistics
Ce < C option
Ce
> C
opt
ion
Redefine options
No
OK
These carbon assessments can follow the simple methodology set out in the LOCOG guidelines on carbon emissions of products and services.
18
Materials datasheets To help ensure consistency with the selection and specification of materials, a set of materials datasheets can be created.
The datasheets can serve as live documents open to review and input from all.
The datasheets can be used to record the material use, typical industry standard solutions, alternatives, technical data and any specific requirements. This will ensure the entire team is sharing information, avoiding duplicate effort, making the right decisions and providing a knowledge legacy from London 2012.
The following is a suggested format for the datasheet which can be held in electronic format to make it readily available.
Material useTo create separation between two spaces
Component datasheetPartitions
Typical material solutionsTypical solutions include:– Plasterboard partition with timber stud– Plasterboard partition with steel stud– Blockwork either lightweight or heavyweight– Proprietary partition system including moveable type
Material alternativesAlternative solutions include:– Curtains made from compostable products– Demountable plasterboard partitions– Planting screens from rental company– Demountable fencing with compostable covering– Furniture based partition systems suitable for reuse
Carbon factorsRefer to BRE Green Guide and LOCOG carbon factors
Special considerationsSpecific design criteria to consider:– Fire ratings– Acoustic performance
19
Thank youLondon 2012 would like to thank its partners for their support
The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Ltd
Worldwide partners
Official partners
Official supporters
Official suppliers and providers
Airwave, Atkins, The Boston Consulting Group, Crystal CG, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP, GlaxoSmithKline, Holiday Inn, John Lewis, McCann Worldgroup, Next, The Nielsen Company, Populous, Ticketmaster, Trident.
London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games LimitedOne Churchill Place Canary Wharf, London, E14 5LN Switchboard +44 (0)20 3 2012 0 0 0 Fax +44 (0)20 3 2012 0 0 1 london2012.com
This document is only available electronically. Please consider the environment before printing this document. If printing is necessary try to use double sided printing or use scrap paper where appropriate.
A summarised version of this publication is available on request in other languages and formats. To obtain these please email [email protected] or phone +44 (0)20 3 2012 0 0 0 and quote reference LOC2010/43
This document can be found in the publications section of london2012.com
This document and the official Emblems of the London 2012 Games are © London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Ltd (LOCOG) 2007. All rights reserved.
