Learn how to identify and categorise stakeholders.

Consider different stakeholder structures and responsibilities in groundwater management.

Get guidance on how to maintain stakeholder participation over time.

Stakeholders want to participate:◦ To protect their interests;◦ To get problems fixed.

Stakeholders need to participate:◦ Government decisions hard to implement without

social support;◦ Some management tasks are more efficiently

carries out by stakeholders;◦ Small aquifers require local management.

Informed decision-making using stakeholder experience;

Conflict prevention by development of consensus and information sharing.

social benefits - promote equity among users;

economic benefits - optimize pumping and reduce energy costs;

technical benefits - better estimates of water abstraction.

1. Civil society-Consumers, NGOs, CBOs, Trade unions, Labour, media.

2. Service providers-formal (public utilities) and informal (water vendors, farmers with water from private wells)

3. Policy formulation and Coordinating bodies-NWC,GWP, NIWRMC

4. Private sector- Banks-Micro financing, PPPs, and IFIs WB, AFDB

5. Regulatory bodies6. River Basins Authorities7. Trans boundary organisations8. External support agencies9. Legislators

S/N Stakeholders

Examples Roles

1 Civil Society WASHCOMS, Water Users Association, NEWSAN, AUCPTRE, Climate Change Information Network, Water and Sanitation Media Network, Newspapers , TV, Radio

Increase awareness . Mobilise public participation Awareness-raising, advocacy and building synergies for sustainable water financing

2 Service providers Water utilities, water vendors, Bottling companies, farmers, sewerage firms

National IWRM policies and legislations determine the roles and responsibilities of the various levels of service provisionIn Nigeria,

3 Policy formulation and Coordinating bodies

National Water Resources Council, National Integrated Water Resources Management Commission , National Sanitation Task Force,

Policy formulation and Coordinating bodies Provide structures for co-ordination between different organisations Improved co-ordinationRecommend creation of new departments or commissions /committees and authorities .An example is the new National Technical Sub Committee on IWRM

4 Local Governments

LGA, LGDA etc Act as both service providers and regulatorsProviding information and supporting dialogue among stakeholders and policy makers Local governments use economic instruments to influence the behaviour of their citizenry. These include rate structures and charges, fees for permits as well as fines and penalties. They use regulatory instruments, such as by-laws, to influence the implementation of IWRM practices within their boundaries.

S/N Stakeholder Examples Roles

5 Private sector World Bank Urban Sector reform projects, AFDB in Osun, Yobe, Taraba, Oyo states

Micro finance and community banks International Financial institutions such as the World Bank, AFDB provide loans to public sector service providers for the promotion of PPPs- 1st and 2nd National Urban Water sector reform programmeThe main types of private involvement (also known as privatisation and PPP) in water service provision are through: management and service contracts, leasing, BOTs, concessions, Joint ventures and Divestiture

6 River Basins Organisations

12 River Basins Dev. Authorities in in Nigeria

The River basin organisations (RBOs )deal with the water resource management issues in a river basin, a lake basin, or across an important aquifer.

Their functions vary from resource management and planning, to education of basin communities, Recent innovation has focused on an Integrated River Basin management approach (IRBM),

S/N Stakeholders Examples

Roles

7 Regulatory bodies

FMWAWR/NIWRMC

Functions are determined by National policy and legislationAllocation of water rights, Environmental managementEconomic regulation

8 Transboundary Organisations

Lake Chad Commission, River Niger Basin Authority

Trans-boundary organisations provide a framework for managing water resources across international boundaries

S/N Stakeholders Examples Roles

9 External support Agencies

Global water partnership, European Union, Water Aid, JICA, DFID, UNDP, UNICEF, GEF

Funding support to government and CSOsImplementation of model replicable projectsSupport for IWRM implementation, water sector reformsCapacity building

10 Legislators National Assembly, State Assemblies, Local Govt councillors

Make laws

Stakeholder analysis has three steps:1. Identify the key stakeholders that could

potentially affect or be affected by changes in groundwater management.

2. Assess stakeholder interests and the potential impact of groundwater management decisions on these interests.

3. Assess the influence and importance of the identified stakeholders.

A. High interest/ Importance, High Influence

B. High Interest/ Importance, Low influence

C. Low Interest/ Importance, High influence

D. Low Interest/ Importance, Low influence

Functions Level at which function performed.

Water User Association

Water Mgmt Agency

National Authority

Collect water use charges

Groundwater monitoring minorminor minorminor

Make rules on water use minorminor

Policing of groundwater use MinorMinor

Participate in setting targets

Settle groundwater disputes

minorminor

Inadequate attention given to government agencies as stakeholder.◦ Functions spread across gvt. agencies;◦ Objectives differ;◦ Opportunity to influence other gvt. agencies.

How can we get government agencies

to work together?

Participation can take place at all levels from the tap to governing bodies.

A finely tuned balance of regulations and incentives is needed for stakeholder structures to function.

Sub catchment council

WUA

Catchment council

ZINWA Board

Catchment manager

Government Stakeholders

4 Catchment chairpersons

WUAWUA

ZINWA

Are you clear why stakeholders are being mobilised – and the expected result?

Often just a task to be done because it is in the work plan.

Stakeholders need to be convinced of the benefit to them – many may see only disadvantages.

Information, transparency, negotiation are all essential.

Mechanisms:◦ Make complex situations understandable;

information is a basis for discussion;◦ Empower stakeholder organisations so that they

have real responsibility;◦ Ensure all stakeholders are represented;◦ Where necessary, establish a sound groundwater

rights system.

1. The Water Directors/Managers will present to stakeholders a proposed scheme to charge for groundwater use, monitoring and pollution management.

2. The stakeholders will respond with questions and comments on the proposals according to their specific interests(irrigations/commercial agriculture, subsistence agriculture, industries, municipal, utility, household users etc

3. 10 minutes to organise yourselves and your ideas

4. 20 minutes for debriefing and questions/comments

What role should government play in participatoryWhat role should government play in participatorygroundwater management?groundwater management?

Good News. We have just successfully

drafted a policy paper on groundwater management.